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 <div class="tabbed-content">
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;随机访问元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 在区间 [0, len(nums)-1] 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="n">random_index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="n">random_num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">random_num</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">random_access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, size) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, nums.length) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ThreadLocalRandom</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">current</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="na">nextInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Random</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, nums.Length) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Next</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, nums.length) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rand</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Intn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">randomIndex</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, nums.count) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">randomIndex</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">randomElement</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">!</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">randomNum</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">randomNum</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, nums.length) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">random</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">random_index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, nums.length) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">random</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">random_index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, nums.length) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Random</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">nextInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, nums.len()) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rand</span>::<span class="n">thread_rng</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">gen_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">random_num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">random_access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 随机访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, size) 中随机抽取一个数字</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 随机访问元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在区间 [0, nums.len) 中随机抽取一个整数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">crypto</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">intRangeLessThan</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取并返回随机元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3676,146 +3612,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="bp">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3829,124 +3670,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除索引 index 处元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="k">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="c1">// 注意：stdio.h 占用了 remove 关键词</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeItem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeItem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="c1">// 删除索引 index 处元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3962,182 +3730,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;遍历数组&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-9" name="__codelineno-48-9" href="#__codelineno-48-9"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-10" name="__codelineno-48-10" href="#__codelineno-48-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 同时遍历数据索引和元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-11" name="__codelineno-48-11" href="#__codelineno-48-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">enumerate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-12" name="__codelineno-48-12" href="#__codelineno-48-12"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-11" name="__codelineno-50-11" href="#__codelineno-50-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-12" name="__codelineno-50-12" href="#__codelineno-50-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-12" name="__codelineno-52-12" href="#__codelineno-52-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-13" name="__codelineno-52-13" href="#__codelineno-52-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>        <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-10" name="__codelineno-53-10" href="#__codelineno-53-10"></a>        <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-12" name="__codelineno-53-12" href="#__codelineno-53-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-12" name="__codelineno-54-12" href="#__codelineno-54-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-12" name="__codelineno-55-12" href="#__codelineno-55-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-10" name="__codelineno-56-10" href="#__codelineno-56-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-12" name="__codelineno-56-12" href="#__codelineno-56-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 通过 forEach 方法遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-13" name="__codelineno-56-13" href="#__codelineno-56-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forEach</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">element</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-14" name="__codelineno-56-14" href="#__codelineno-56-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-15" name="__codelineno-56-15" href="#__codelineno-56-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-16" name="__codelineno-56-16" href="#__codelineno-56-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-12" name="__codelineno-57-12" href="#__codelineno-57-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 遍历数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="c1">// 遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过索引遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-11" name="__codelineno-59-11" href="#__codelineno-59-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-12" name="__codelineno-59-12" href="#__codelineno-59-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-13" name="__codelineno-59-13" href="#__codelineno-59-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-14" name="__codelineno-59-14" href="#__codelineno-59-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4148,136 +3785,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;在数组中查找指定元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-4" name="__codelineno-60-4" href="#__codelineno-60-4"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-5" name="__codelineno-60-5" href="#__codelineno-60-5"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-6" name="__codelineno-60-6" href="#__codelineno-60-6"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-4" name="__codelineno-61-4" href="#__codelineno-61-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-5" name="__codelineno-61-5" href="#__codelineno-61-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-6" name="__codelineno-61-6" href="#__codelineno-61-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-7" name="__codelineno-61-7" href="#__codelineno-61-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-8" name="__codelineno-61-8" href="#__codelineno-61-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-5" name="__codelineno-62-5" href="#__codelineno-62-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-6" name="__codelineno-62-6" href="#__codelineno-62-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-7" name="__codelineno-62-7" href="#__codelineno-62-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-8" name="__codelineno-62-8" href="#__codelineno-62-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-4" name="__codelineno-63-4" href="#__codelineno-63-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-5" name="__codelineno-63-5" href="#__codelineno-63-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-6" name="__codelineno-63-6" href="#__codelineno-63-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-7" name="__codelineno-63-7" href="#__codelineno-63-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-8" name="__codelineno-63-8" href="#__codelineno-63-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-9" name="__codelineno-64-9" href="#__codelineno-64-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-10" name="__codelineno-64-10" href="#__codelineno-64-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-11" name="__codelineno-64-11" href="#__codelineno-64-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-3" name="__codelineno-65-3" href="#__codelineno-65-3"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-4" name="__codelineno-65-4" href="#__codelineno-65-4"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-5" name="__codelineno-65-5" href="#__codelineno-65-5"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-6" name="__codelineno-65-6" href="#__codelineno-65-6"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-7" name="__codelineno-65-7" href="#__codelineno-65-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-8" name="__codelineno-65-8" href="#__codelineno-65-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-9" name="__codelineno-65-9" href="#__codelineno-65-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="bp">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-3" name="__codelineno-66-3" href="#__codelineno-66-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-4" name="__codelineno-66-4" href="#__codelineno-66-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-5" name="__codelineno-66-5" href="#__codelineno-66-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-6" name="__codelineno-66-6" href="#__codelineno-66-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-7" name="__codelineno-66-7" href="#__codelineno-66-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-3" name="__codelineno-67-3" href="#__codelineno-67-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-4" name="__codelineno-67-4" href="#__codelineno-67-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-5" name="__codelineno-67-5" href="#__codelineno-67-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-6" name="__codelineno-67-6" href="#__codelineno-67-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-7" name="__codelineno-67-7" href="#__codelineno-67-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-8" name="__codelineno-67-8" href="#__codelineno-67-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-9" name="__codelineno-67-9" href="#__codelineno-67-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-3" name="__codelineno-68-3" href="#__codelineno-68-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-4" name="__codelineno-68-4" href="#__codelineno-68-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-5" name="__codelineno-68-5" href="#__codelineno-68-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-6" name="__codelineno-68-6" href="#__codelineno-68-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-7" name="__codelineno-68-7" href="#__codelineno-68-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-3" name="__codelineno-69-3" href="#__codelineno-69-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-4" name="__codelineno-69-4" href="#__codelineno-69-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-5" name="__codelineno-69-5" href="#__codelineno-69-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-6" name="__codelineno-69-6" href="#__codelineno-69-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-7" name="__codelineno-69-7" href="#__codelineno-69-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-8" name="__codelineno-69-8" href="#__codelineno-69-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-9" name="__codelineno-69-9" href="#__codelineno-69-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-2" name="__codelineno-70-2" href="#__codelineno-70-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-3" name="__codelineno-70-3" href="#__codelineno-70-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-4" name="__codelineno-70-4" href="#__codelineno-70-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-5" name="__codelineno-70-5" href="#__codelineno-70-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-6" name="__codelineno-70-6" href="#__codelineno-70-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-7" name="__codelineno-70-7" href="#__codelineno-70-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-8" name="__codelineno-70-8" href="#__codelineno-70-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="c1">// 在数组中查找指定元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-2" name="__codelineno-71-2" href="#__codelineno-71-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-3" name="__codelineno-71-3" href="#__codelineno-71-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">..)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-4" name="__codelineno-71-4" href="#__codelineno-71-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-5" name="__codelineno-71-5" href="#__codelineno-71-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-6" name="__codelineno-71-6" href="#__codelineno-71-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-7" name="__codelineno-71-7" href="#__codelineno-71-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4288,178 +3840,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="7:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_7_1" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_2" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_3" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_4" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_5" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_6" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_7" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_8" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_9" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_10" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_11" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_12" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_7_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_7_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_7_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_7_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_7_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_7_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_7_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_7_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_7_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_7_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;扩展数组长度&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-4" name="__codelineno-72-4" href="#__codelineno-72-4"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-5" name="__codelineno-72-5" href="#__codelineno-72-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-6" name="__codelineno-72-6" href="#__codelineno-72-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-7" name="__codelineno-72-7" href="#__codelineno-72-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-8" name="__codelineno-72-8" href="#__codelineno-72-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-9" name="__codelineno-72-9" href="#__codelineno-72-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-3" name="__codelineno-73-3" href="#__codelineno-73-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-4" name="__codelineno-73-4" href="#__codelineno-73-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-5" name="__codelineno-73-5" href="#__codelineno-73-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-6" name="__codelineno-73-6" href="#__codelineno-73-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-7" name="__codelineno-73-7" href="#__codelineno-73-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-8" name="__codelineno-73-8" href="#__codelineno-73-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-9" name="__codelineno-73-9" href="#__codelineno-73-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-10" name="__codelineno-73-10" href="#__codelineno-73-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-11" name="__codelineno-73-11" href="#__codelineno-73-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-12" name="__codelineno-73-12" href="#__codelineno-73-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-13" name="__codelineno-73-13" href="#__codelineno-73-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-3" name="__codelineno-74-3" href="#__codelineno-74-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-4" name="__codelineno-74-4" href="#__codelineno-74-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-5" name="__codelineno-74-5" href="#__codelineno-74-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-6" name="__codelineno-74-6" href="#__codelineno-74-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-7" name="__codelineno-74-7" href="#__codelineno-74-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-8" name="__codelineno-74-8" href="#__codelineno-74-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-9" name="__codelineno-74-9" href="#__codelineno-74-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-10" name="__codelineno-74-10" href="#__codelineno-74-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-11" name="__codelineno-74-11" href="#__codelineno-74-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-2" name="__codelineno-75-2" href="#__codelineno-75-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-3" name="__codelineno-75-3" href="#__codelineno-75-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-4" name="__codelineno-75-4" href="#__codelineno-75-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-5" name="__codelineno-75-5" href="#__codelineno-75-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-6" name="__codelineno-75-6" href="#__codelineno-75-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-7" name="__codelineno-75-7" href="#__codelineno-75-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-8" name="__codelineno-75-8" href="#__codelineno-75-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-9" name="__codelineno-75-9" href="#__codelineno-75-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-10" name="__codelineno-75-10" href="#__codelineno-75-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-11" name="__codelineno-75-11" href="#__codelineno-75-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-3" name="__codelineno-76-3" href="#__codelineno-76-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-4" name="__codelineno-76-4" href="#__codelineno-76-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-5" name="__codelineno-76-5" href="#__codelineno-76-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-6" name="__codelineno-76-6" href="#__codelineno-76-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-7" name="__codelineno-76-7" href="#__codelineno-76-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-8" name="__codelineno-76-8" href="#__codelineno-76-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-9" name="__codelineno-76-9" href="#__codelineno-76-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-10" name="__codelineno-76-10" href="#__codelineno-76-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-11" name="__codelineno-76-11" href="#__codelineno-76-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-6" name="__codelineno-77-6" href="#__codelineno-77-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-7" name="__codelineno-77-7" href="#__codelineno-77-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-8" name="__codelineno-77-8" href="#__codelineno-77-8"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-9" name="__codelineno-77-9" href="#__codelineno-77-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-10" name="__codelineno-77-10" href="#__codelineno-77-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-11" name="__codelineno-77-11" href="#__codelineno-77-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="bp">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a><span class="c1">// 请注意，JavaScript 的 Array 是动态数组，可以直接扩展</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a><span class="c1">// 为了方便学习，本函数将 Array 看作是长度不可变的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-4" name="__codelineno-78-4" href="#__codelineno-78-4"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-5" name="__codelineno-78-5" href="#__codelineno-78-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-6" name="__codelineno-78-6" href="#__codelineno-78-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-7" name="__codelineno-78-7" href="#__codelineno-78-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-8" name="__codelineno-78-8" href="#__codelineno-78-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-9" name="__codelineno-78-9" href="#__codelineno-78-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-10" name="__codelineno-78-10" href="#__codelineno-78-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-11" name="__codelineno-78-11" href="#__codelineno-78-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-12" name="__codelineno-78-12" href="#__codelineno-78-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-13" name="__codelineno-78-13" href="#__codelineno-78-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a><span class="c1">// 请注意，TypeScript 的 Array 是动态数组，可以直接扩展</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="c1">// 为了方便学习，本函数将 Array 看作是长度不可变的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-4" name="__codelineno-79-4" href="#__codelineno-79-4"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-5" name="__codelineno-79-5" href="#__codelineno-79-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-6" name="__codelineno-79-6" href="#__codelineno-79-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-7" name="__codelineno-79-7" href="#__codelineno-79-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-8" name="__codelineno-79-8" href="#__codelineno-79-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-9" name="__codelineno-79-9" href="#__codelineno-79-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-10" name="__codelineno-79-10" href="#__codelineno-79-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-11" name="__codelineno-79-11" href="#__codelineno-79-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-12" name="__codelineno-79-12" href="#__codelineno-79-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-13" name="__codelineno-79-13" href="#__codelineno-79-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-4" name="__codelineno-80-4" href="#__codelineno-80-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-5" name="__codelineno-80-5" href="#__codelineno-80-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-6" name="__codelineno-80-6" href="#__codelineno-80-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-7" name="__codelineno-80-7" href="#__codelineno-80-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-8" name="__codelineno-80-8" href="#__codelineno-80-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-9" name="__codelineno-80-9" href="#__codelineno-80-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-10" name="__codelineno-80-10" href="#__codelineno-80-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-11" name="__codelineno-80-11" href="#__codelineno-80-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-4" name="__codelineno-81-4" href="#__codelineno-81-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-5" name="__codelineno-81-5" href="#__codelineno-81-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-6" name="__codelineno-81-6" href="#__codelineno-81-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-7" name="__codelineno-81-7" href="#__codelineno-81-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-8" name="__codelineno-81-8" href="#__codelineno-81-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-9" name="__codelineno-81-9" href="#__codelineno-81-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-10" name="__codelineno-81-10" href="#__codelineno-81-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-11" name="__codelineno-81-11" href="#__codelineno-81-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩展数组长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-5" name="__codelineno-82-5" href="#__codelineno-82-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-6" name="__codelineno-82-6" href="#__codelineno-82-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-7" name="__codelineno-82-7" href="#__codelineno-82-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-8" name="__codelineno-82-8" href="#__codelineno-82-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-9" name="__codelineno-82-9" href="#__codelineno-82-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩展后的空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-10" name="__codelineno-82-10" href="#__codelineno-82-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-11" name="__codelineno-82-11" href="#__codelineno-82-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-12" name="__codelineno-82-12" href="#__codelineno-82-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-13" name="__codelineno-82-13" href="#__codelineno-82-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-14" name="__codelineno-82-14" href="#__codelineno-82-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-15" name="__codelineno-82-15" href="#__codelineno-82-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="c1">// 扩展数组长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-2" name="__codelineno-83-2" href="#__codelineno-83-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-3" name="__codelineno-83-3" href="#__codelineno-83-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-4" name="__codelineno-83-4" href="#__codelineno-83-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-5" name="__codelineno-83-5" href="#__codelineno-83-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-6" name="__codelineno-83-6" href="#__codelineno-83-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-7" name="__codelineno-83-7" href="#__codelineno-83-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-8" name="__codelineno-83-8" href="#__codelineno-83-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回扩展后的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-9" name="__codelineno-83-9" href="#__codelineno-83-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-10" name="__codelineno-83-10" href="#__codelineno-83-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4553,7 +3978,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -4619,31 +4049,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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+          
+          <a href="../linked_list/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 4.2 &amp;nbsp; 链表" rel="next">
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
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+      </nav>
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   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
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+        
+      </ul>
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+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3331,7 +3351,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
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   <script 
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@@ -3397,31 +3422,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../chapter_data_structure/summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 3.5 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                3.5 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="array/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 4.1 &amp;nbsp; 数组" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                4.1 &nbsp; 数组
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3431,14 +3473,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
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diff --git a/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/index.html b/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/index.html
index b00a2ff81..84418405b 100644
--- a/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/index.html
+++ b/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3779,111 +3799,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">P</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="n">n1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="n">P</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>    <span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">P</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">linked_list</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">linked_list</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insertNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insertNode</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">P</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n1</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">P</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="bp">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(non_snake_case)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span>: <span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 在链表的节点 n0 之后插入节点 P</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3897,154 +3857,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>    <span class="n">P</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>    <span class="n">n1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">P</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>    <span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">n1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">linked_list</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">linked_list</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="k">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">removeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">removeNode</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">P</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n1</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">P</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a>    <span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a>    <span class="n">P</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(non_snake_case)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="c1">// 注意：stdio.h 占用了 remove 关键词</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-9" name="__codelineno-46-9" href="#__codelineno-46-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-10" name="__codelineno-46-10" href="#__codelineno-46-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-11" name="__codelineno-46-11" href="#__codelineno-46-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-12" name="__codelineno-46-12" href="#__codelineno-46-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeNode</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="c1">// 删除链表的节点 n0 之后的首个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">P</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4054,148 +3911,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问链表中索引为 index 的节点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">head</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>        <span class="n">head</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">head</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">head</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">linked_list</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">linked_list</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">head</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">head</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">head</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>        <span class="n">head</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">head</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-10" name="__codelineno-53-10" href="#__codelineno-53-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">head</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">access</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span>: <span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="c1">// 访问链表中索引为 index 的节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">access</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4205,172 +3965,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a>    <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-4" name="__codelineno-60-4" href="#__codelineno-60-4"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">head</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-5" name="__codelineno-60-5" href="#__codelineno-60-5"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">head</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-6" name="__codelineno-60-6" href="#__codelineno-60-6"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">index</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-7" name="__codelineno-60-7" href="#__codelineno-60-7"></a>        <span class="n">head</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">head</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-8" name="__codelineno-60-8" href="#__codelineno-60-8"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-9" name="__codelineno-60-9" href="#__codelineno-60-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-4" name="__codelineno-61-4" href="#__codelineno-61-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-5" name="__codelineno-61-5" href="#__codelineno-61-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-6" name="__codelineno-61-6" href="#__codelineno-61-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-7" name="__codelineno-61-7" href="#__codelineno-61-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-8" name="__codelineno-61-8" href="#__codelineno-61-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-9" name="__codelineno-61-9" href="#__codelineno-61-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-10" name="__codelineno-61-10" href="#__codelineno-61-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-11" name="__codelineno-61-11" href="#__codelineno-61-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-5" name="__codelineno-62-5" href="#__codelineno-62-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-6" name="__codelineno-62-6" href="#__codelineno-62-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-7" name="__codelineno-62-7" href="#__codelineno-62-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-8" name="__codelineno-62-8" href="#__codelineno-62-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-9" name="__codelineno-62-9" href="#__codelineno-62-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-10" name="__codelineno-62-10" href="#__codelineno-62-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-11" name="__codelineno-62-11" href="#__codelineno-62-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">linked_list</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-4" name="__codelineno-63-4" href="#__codelineno-63-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-5" name="__codelineno-63-5" href="#__codelineno-63-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-6" name="__codelineno-63-6" href="#__codelineno-63-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-7" name="__codelineno-63-7" href="#__codelineno-63-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-8" name="__codelineno-63-8" href="#__codelineno-63-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-9" name="__codelineno-63-9" href="#__codelineno-63-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-10" name="__codelineno-63-10" href="#__codelineno-63-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-11" name="__codelineno-63-11" href="#__codelineno-63-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">linked_list</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">findNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-9" name="__codelineno-64-9" href="#__codelineno-64-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-10" name="__codelineno-64-10" href="#__codelineno-64-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-11" name="__codelineno-64-11" href="#__codelineno-64-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-12" name="__codelineno-64-12" href="#__codelineno-64-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">findNode</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-3" name="__codelineno-65-3" href="#__codelineno-65-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">head</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">head</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-4" name="__codelineno-65-4" href="#__codelineno-65-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-5" name="__codelineno-65-5" href="#__codelineno-65-5"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">head</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-6" name="__codelineno-65-6" href="#__codelineno-65-6"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">head</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-7" name="__codelineno-65-7" href="#__codelineno-65-7"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">index</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-8" name="__codelineno-65-8" href="#__codelineno-65-8"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-9" name="__codelineno-65-9" href="#__codelineno-65-9"></a>        <span class="n">head</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">head</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-10" name="__codelineno-65-10" href="#__codelineno-65-10"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-11" name="__codelineno-65-11" href="#__codelineno-65-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-12" name="__codelineno-65-12" href="#__codelineno-65-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-13" name="__codelineno-65-13" href="#__codelineno-65-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="bp">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-3" name="__codelineno-66-3" href="#__codelineno-66-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-4" name="__codelineno-66-4" href="#__codelineno-66-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-5" name="__codelineno-66-5" href="#__codelineno-66-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-6" name="__codelineno-66-6" href="#__codelineno-66-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-7" name="__codelineno-66-7" href="#__codelineno-66-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-8" name="__codelineno-66-8" href="#__codelineno-66-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-9" name="__codelineno-66-9" href="#__codelineno-66-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-10" name="__codelineno-66-10" href="#__codelineno-66-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-11" name="__codelineno-66-11" href="#__codelineno-66-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-12" name="__codelineno-66-12" href="#__codelineno-66-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-3" name="__codelineno-67-3" href="#__codelineno-67-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-4" name="__codelineno-67-4" href="#__codelineno-67-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-5" name="__codelineno-67-5" href="#__codelineno-67-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-6" name="__codelineno-67-6" href="#__codelineno-67-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-7" name="__codelineno-67-7" href="#__codelineno-67-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-8" name="__codelineno-67-8" href="#__codelineno-67-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-9" name="__codelineno-67-9" href="#__codelineno-67-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-10" name="__codelineno-67-10" href="#__codelineno-67-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-11" name="__codelineno-67-11" href="#__codelineno-67-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-12" name="__codelineno-67-12" href="#__codelineno-67-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-3" name="__codelineno-68-3" href="#__codelineno-68-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-4" name="__codelineno-68-4" href="#__codelineno-68-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-5" name="__codelineno-68-5" href="#__codelineno-68-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-6" name="__codelineno-68-6" href="#__codelineno-68-6"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-7" name="__codelineno-68-7" href="#__codelineno-68-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-8" name="__codelineno-68-8" href="#__codelineno-68-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-9" name="__codelineno-68-9" href="#__codelineno-68-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-10" name="__codelineno-68-10" href="#__codelineno-68-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-11" name="__codelineno-68-11" href="#__codelineno-68-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-12" name="__codelineno-68-12" href="#__codelineno-68-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">find</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span>: <span class="nb">PartialEq</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span>: <span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-3" name="__codelineno-69-3" href="#__codelineno-69-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-4" name="__codelineno-69-4" href="#__codelineno-69-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-5" name="__codelineno-69-5" href="#__codelineno-69-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-6" name="__codelineno-69-6" href="#__codelineno-69-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-7" name="__codelineno-69-7" href="#__codelineno-69-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-8" name="__codelineno-69-8" href="#__codelineno-69-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-2" name="__codelineno-70-2" href="#__codelineno-70-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-3" name="__codelineno-70-3" href="#__codelineno-70-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-4" name="__codelineno-70-4" href="#__codelineno-70-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-5" name="__codelineno-70-5" href="#__codelineno-70-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-6" name="__codelineno-70-6" href="#__codelineno-70-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-7" name="__codelineno-70-7" href="#__codelineno-70-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-8" name="__codelineno-70-8" href="#__codelineno-70-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-9" name="__codelineno-70-9" href="#__codelineno-70-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-10" name="__codelineno-70-10" href="#__codelineno-70-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-11" name="__codelineno-70-11" href="#__codelineno-70-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="c1">// 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-2" name="__codelineno-71-2" href="#__codelineno-71-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-3" name="__codelineno-71-3" href="#__codelineno-71-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-4" name="__codelineno-71-4" href="#__codelineno-71-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-5" name="__codelineno-71-5" href="#__codelineno-71-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-6" name="__codelineno-71-6" href="#__codelineno-71-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-7" name="__codelineno-71-7" href="#__codelineno-71-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-8" name="__codelineno-71-8" href="#__codelineno-71-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-9" name="__codelineno-71-9" href="#__codelineno-71-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-10" name="__codelineno-71-10" href="#__codelineno-71-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-11" name="__codelineno-71-11" href="#__codelineno-71-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linked_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4699,7 +4338,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -4765,31 +4409,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
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-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../array/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 4.1 &amp;nbsp; 数组" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                4.1 &nbsp; 数组
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+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../list/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 4.3 &amp;nbsp; 列表" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                4.3 &nbsp; 列表
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
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+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -4799,14 +4460,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/index.html b/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/index.html
index 1a759312e..f9f9439e2 100644
--- a/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/index.html
+++ b/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
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+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
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       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -4132,1231 +4152,51 @@
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;列表类简易实现&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-4" name="__codelineno-72-4" href="#__codelineno-72-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-5" name="__codelineno-72-5" href="#__codelineno-72-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-6" name="__codelineno-72-6" href="#__codelineno-72-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span>  <span class="c1"># 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-7" name="__codelineno-72-7" href="#__codelineno-72-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__capacity</span>  <span class="c1"># 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-8" name="__codelineno-72-8" href="#__codelineno-72-8"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-9" name="__codelineno-72-9" href="#__codelineno-72-9"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__extend_ratio</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>  <span class="c1"># 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-10" name="__codelineno-72-10" href="#__codelineno-72-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-11" name="__codelineno-72-11" href="#__codelineno-72-11"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-12" name="__codelineno-72-12" href="#__codelineno-72-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-13" name="__codelineno-72-13" href="#__codelineno-72-13"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-14" name="__codelineno-72-14" href="#__codelineno-72-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-15" name="__codelineno-72-15" href="#__codelineno-72-15"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-16" name="__codelineno-72-16" href="#__codelineno-72-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取列表容量&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-17" name="__codelineno-72-17" href="#__codelineno-72-17"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-18" name="__codelineno-72-18" href="#__codelineno-72-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-19" name="__codelineno-72-19" href="#__codelineno-72-19"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-20" name="__codelineno-72-20" href="#__codelineno-72-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-21" name="__codelineno-72-21" href="#__codelineno-72-21"></a>        <span class="c1"># 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-22" name="__codelineno-72-22" href="#__codelineno-72-22"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-23" name="__codelineno-72-23" href="#__codelineno-72-23"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-24" name="__codelineno-72-24" href="#__codelineno-72-24"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-25" name="__codelineno-72-25" href="#__codelineno-72-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-26" name="__codelineno-72-26" href="#__codelineno-72-26"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-27" name="__codelineno-72-27" href="#__codelineno-72-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;更新元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-28" name="__codelineno-72-28" href="#__codelineno-72-28"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-29" name="__codelineno-72-29" href="#__codelineno-72-29"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-30" name="__codelineno-72-30" href="#__codelineno-72-30"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-31" name="__codelineno-72-31" href="#__codelineno-72-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-32" name="__codelineno-72-32" href="#__codelineno-72-32"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-33" name="__codelineno-72-33" href="#__codelineno-72-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;尾部添加元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-34" name="__codelineno-72-34" href="#__codelineno-72-34"></a>        <span class="c1"># 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-35" name="__codelineno-72-35" href="#__codelineno-72-35"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-36" name="__codelineno-72-36" href="#__codelineno-72-36"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-37" name="__codelineno-72-37" href="#__codelineno-72-37"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-38" name="__codelineno-72-38" href="#__codelineno-72-38"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-39" name="__codelineno-72-39" href="#__codelineno-72-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-40" name="__codelineno-72-40" href="#__codelineno-72-40"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-41" name="__codelineno-72-41" href="#__codelineno-72-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;中间插入元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-42" name="__codelineno-72-42" href="#__codelineno-72-42"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-43" name="__codelineno-72-43" href="#__codelineno-72-43"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-44" name="__codelineno-72-44" href="#__codelineno-72-44"></a>        <span class="c1"># 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-45" name="__codelineno-72-45" href="#__codelineno-72-45"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-46" name="__codelineno-72-46" href="#__codelineno-72-46"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-47" name="__codelineno-72-47" href="#__codelineno-72-47"></a>        <span class="c1"># 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-48" name="__codelineno-72-48" href="#__codelineno-72-48"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-49" name="__codelineno-72-49" href="#__codelineno-72-49"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-50" name="__codelineno-72-50" href="#__codelineno-72-50"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-51" name="__codelineno-72-51" href="#__codelineno-72-51"></a>        <span class="c1"># 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-52" name="__codelineno-72-52" href="#__codelineno-72-52"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-53" name="__codelineno-72-53" href="#__codelineno-72-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-54" name="__codelineno-72-54" href="#__codelineno-72-54"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-55" name="__codelineno-72-55" href="#__codelineno-72-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-56" name="__codelineno-72-56" href="#__codelineno-72-56"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-57" name="__codelineno-72-57" href="#__codelineno-72-57"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-58" name="__codelineno-72-58" href="#__codelineno-72-58"></a>        <span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-59" name="__codelineno-72-59" href="#__codelineno-72-59"></a>        <span class="c1"># 索引 i 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-60" name="__codelineno-72-60" href="#__codelineno-72-60"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-61" name="__codelineno-72-61" href="#__codelineno-72-61"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-62" name="__codelineno-72-62" href="#__codelineno-72-62"></a>        <span class="c1"># 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-63" name="__codelineno-72-63" href="#__codelineno-72-63"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-64" name="__codelineno-72-64" href="#__codelineno-72-64"></a>        <span class="c1"># 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-65" name="__codelineno-72-65" href="#__codelineno-72-65"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-66" name="__codelineno-72-66" href="#__codelineno-72-66"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-67" name="__codelineno-72-67" href="#__codelineno-72-67"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-68" name="__codelineno-72-68" href="#__codelineno-72-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;列表扩容&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-69" name="__codelineno-72-69" href="#__codelineno-72-69"></a>        <span class="c1"># 新建一个长度为原数组 __extend_ratio 倍的新数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-70" name="__codelineno-72-70" href="#__codelineno-72-70"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__extend_ratio</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-71" name="__codelineno-72-71" href="#__codelineno-72-71"></a>        <span class="c1"># 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-72" name="__codelineno-72-72" href="#__codelineno-72-72"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__capacity</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-73" name="__codelineno-72-73" href="#__codelineno-72-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-74" name="__codelineno-72-74" href="#__codelineno-72-74"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-75" name="__codelineno-72-75" href="#__codelineno-72-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;返回有效长度的列表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-76" name="__codelineno-72-76" href="#__codelineno-72-76"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[:</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-3" name="__codelineno-73-3" href="#__codelineno-73-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-4" name="__codelineno-73-4" href="#__codelineno-73-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-5" name="__codelineno-73-5" href="#__codelineno-73-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-6" name="__codelineno-73-6" href="#__codelineno-73-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-7" name="__codelineno-73-7" href="#__codelineno-73-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-8" name="__codelineno-73-8" href="#__codelineno-73-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-9" name="__codelineno-73-9" href="#__codelineno-73-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-10" name="__codelineno-73-10" href="#__codelineno-73-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-11" name="__codelineno-73-11" href="#__codelineno-73-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-12" name="__codelineno-73-12" href="#__codelineno-73-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-13" name="__codelineno-73-13" href="#__codelineno-73-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-14" name="__codelineno-73-14" href="#__codelineno-73-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-15" name="__codelineno-73-15" href="#__codelineno-73-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 析构方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-16" name="__codelineno-73-16" href="#__codelineno-73-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-17" name="__codelineno-73-17" href="#__codelineno-73-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-18" name="__codelineno-73-18" href="#__codelineno-73-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-19" name="__codelineno-73-19" href="#__codelineno-73-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-20" name="__codelineno-73-20" href="#__codelineno-73-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-21" name="__codelineno-73-21" href="#__codelineno-73-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-22" name="__codelineno-73-22" href="#__codelineno-73-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-23" name="__codelineno-73-23" href="#__codelineno-73-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-24" name="__codelineno-73-24" href="#__codelineno-73-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-25" name="__codelineno-73-25" href="#__codelineno-73-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-26" name="__codelineno-73-26" href="#__codelineno-73-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-27" name="__codelineno-73-27" href="#__codelineno-73-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-28" name="__codelineno-73-28" href="#__codelineno-73-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-29" name="__codelineno-73-29" href="#__codelineno-73-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-30" name="__codelineno-73-30" href="#__codelineno-73-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-31" name="__codelineno-73-31" href="#__codelineno-73-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-32" name="__codelineno-73-32" href="#__codelineno-73-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-33" name="__codelineno-73-33" href="#__codelineno-73-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-34" name="__codelineno-73-34" href="#__codelineno-73-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-35" name="__codelineno-73-35" href="#__codelineno-73-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-36" name="__codelineno-73-36" href="#__codelineno-73-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-37" name="__codelineno-73-37" href="#__codelineno-73-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-38" name="__codelineno-73-38" href="#__codelineno-73-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-39" name="__codelineno-73-39" href="#__codelineno-73-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-40" name="__codelineno-73-40" href="#__codelineno-73-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-41" name="__codelineno-73-41" href="#__codelineno-73-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-42" name="__codelineno-73-42" href="#__codelineno-73-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-43" name="__codelineno-73-43" href="#__codelineno-73-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-44" name="__codelineno-73-44" href="#__codelineno-73-44"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-45" name="__codelineno-73-45" href="#__codelineno-73-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-46" name="__codelineno-73-46" href="#__codelineno-73-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-47" name="__codelineno-73-47" href="#__codelineno-73-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-48" name="__codelineno-73-48" href="#__codelineno-73-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-49" name="__codelineno-73-49" href="#__codelineno-73-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-50" name="__codelineno-73-50" href="#__codelineno-73-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-51" name="__codelineno-73-51" href="#__codelineno-73-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-52" name="__codelineno-73-52" href="#__codelineno-73-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-53" name="__codelineno-73-53" href="#__codelineno-73-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-54" name="__codelineno-73-54" href="#__codelineno-73-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-55" name="__codelineno-73-55" href="#__codelineno-73-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-56" name="__codelineno-73-56" href="#__codelineno-73-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-57" name="__codelineno-73-57" href="#__codelineno-73-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-58" name="__codelineno-73-58" href="#__codelineno-73-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-59" name="__codelineno-73-59" href="#__codelineno-73-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-60" name="__codelineno-73-60" href="#__codelineno-73-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-61" name="__codelineno-73-61" href="#__codelineno-73-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-62" name="__codelineno-73-62" href="#__codelineno-73-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-63" name="__codelineno-73-63" href="#__codelineno-73-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-64" name="__codelineno-73-64" href="#__codelineno-73-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-65" name="__codelineno-73-65" href="#__codelineno-73-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-66" name="__codelineno-73-66" href="#__codelineno-73-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-67" name="__codelineno-73-67" href="#__codelineno-73-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-68" name="__codelineno-73-68" href="#__codelineno-73-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-69" name="__codelineno-73-69" href="#__codelineno-73-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-70" name="__codelineno-73-70" href="#__codelineno-73-70"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-71" name="__codelineno-73-71" href="#__codelineno-73-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-72" name="__codelineno-73-72" href="#__codelineno-73-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-73" name="__codelineno-73-73" href="#__codelineno-73-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-74" name="__codelineno-73-74" href="#__codelineno-73-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-75" name="__codelineno-73-75" href="#__codelineno-73-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-76" name="__codelineno-73-76" href="#__codelineno-73-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引 i 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-77" name="__codelineno-73-77" href="#__codelineno-73-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-78" name="__codelineno-73-78" href="#__codelineno-73-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-79" name="__codelineno-73-79" href="#__codelineno-73-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-80" name="__codelineno-73-80" href="#__codelineno-73-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-81" name="__codelineno-73-81" href="#__codelineno-73-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-82" name="__codelineno-73-82" href="#__codelineno-73-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-83" name="__codelineno-73-83" href="#__codelineno-73-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-84" name="__codelineno-73-84" href="#__codelineno-73-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-85" name="__codelineno-73-85" href="#__codelineno-73-85"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-86" name="__codelineno-73-86" href="#__codelineno-73-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-87" name="__codelineno-73-87" href="#__codelineno-73-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-88" name="__codelineno-73-88" href="#__codelineno-73-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为原数组 extendRatio 倍的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-89" name="__codelineno-73-89" href="#__codelineno-73-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-90" name="__codelineno-73-90" href="#__codelineno-73-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-91" name="__codelineno-73-91" href="#__codelineno-73-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-92" name="__codelineno-73-92" href="#__codelineno-73-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-93" name="__codelineno-73-93" href="#__codelineno-73-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-94" name="__codelineno-73-94" href="#__codelineno-73-94"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-95" name="__codelineno-73-95" href="#__codelineno-73-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-96" name="__codelineno-73-96" href="#__codelineno-73-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-97" name="__codelineno-73-97" href="#__codelineno-73-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-98" name="__codelineno-73-98" href="#__codelineno-73-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-99" name="__codelineno-73-99" href="#__codelineno-73-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-100" name="__codelineno-73-100" href="#__codelineno-73-100"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-101" name="__codelineno-73-101" href="#__codelineno-73-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将列表转换为 Vector 用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-102" name="__codelineno-73-102" href="#__codelineno-73-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-103" name="__codelineno-73-103" href="#__codelineno-73-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-104" name="__codelineno-73-104" href="#__codelineno-73-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-105" name="__codelineno-73-105" href="#__codelineno-73-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-106" name="__codelineno-73-106" href="#__codelineno-73-106"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-107" name="__codelineno-73-107" href="#__codelineno-73-107"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-108" name="__codelineno-73-108" href="#__codelineno-73-108"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-109" name="__codelineno-73-109" href="#__codelineno-73-109"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-110" name="__codelineno-73-110" href="#__codelineno-73-110"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-3" name="__codelineno-74-3" href="#__codelineno-74-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-4" name="__codelineno-74-4" href="#__codelineno-74-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-5" name="__codelineno-74-5" href="#__codelineno-74-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-6" name="__codelineno-74-6" href="#__codelineno-74-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-7" name="__codelineno-74-7" href="#__codelineno-74-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-8" name="__codelineno-74-8" href="#__codelineno-74-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-9" name="__codelineno-74-9" href="#__codelineno-74-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-10" name="__codelineno-74-10" href="#__codelineno-74-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-11" name="__codelineno-74-11" href="#__codelineno-74-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-12" name="__codelineno-74-12" href="#__codelineno-74-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-13" name="__codelineno-74-13" href="#__codelineno-74-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-14" name="__codelineno-74-14" href="#__codelineno-74-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-15" name="__codelineno-74-15" href="#__codelineno-74-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-16" name="__codelineno-74-16" href="#__codelineno-74-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-17" name="__codelineno-74-17" href="#__codelineno-74-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-18" name="__codelineno-74-18" href="#__codelineno-74-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-19" name="__codelineno-74-19" href="#__codelineno-74-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-20" name="__codelineno-74-20" href="#__codelineno-74-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-21" name="__codelineno-74-21" href="#__codelineno-74-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-22" name="__codelineno-74-22" href="#__codelineno-74-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-23" name="__codelineno-74-23" href="#__codelineno-74-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-24" name="__codelineno-74-24" href="#__codelineno-74-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-25" name="__codelineno-74-25" href="#__codelineno-74-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-26" name="__codelineno-74-26" href="#__codelineno-74-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-27" name="__codelineno-74-27" href="#__codelineno-74-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-28" name="__codelineno-74-28" href="#__codelineno-74-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-29" name="__codelineno-74-29" href="#__codelineno-74-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-30" name="__codelineno-74-30" href="#__codelineno-74-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-31" name="__codelineno-74-31" href="#__codelineno-74-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-32" name="__codelineno-74-32" href="#__codelineno-74-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-33" name="__codelineno-74-33" href="#__codelineno-74-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-34" name="__codelineno-74-34" href="#__codelineno-74-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-35" name="__codelineno-74-35" href="#__codelineno-74-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-36" name="__codelineno-74-36" href="#__codelineno-74-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-37" name="__codelineno-74-37" href="#__codelineno-74-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-38" name="__codelineno-74-38" href="#__codelineno-74-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-39" name="__codelineno-74-39" href="#__codelineno-74-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-40" name="__codelineno-74-40" href="#__codelineno-74-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-41" name="__codelineno-74-41" href="#__codelineno-74-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-42" name="__codelineno-74-42" href="#__codelineno-74-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-43" name="__codelineno-74-43" href="#__codelineno-74-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-44" name="__codelineno-74-44" href="#__codelineno-74-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-45" name="__codelineno-74-45" href="#__codelineno-74-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-46" name="__codelineno-74-46" href="#__codelineno-74-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-47" name="__codelineno-74-47" href="#__codelineno-74-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-48" name="__codelineno-74-48" href="#__codelineno-74-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-49" name="__codelineno-74-49" href="#__codelineno-74-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-50" name="__codelineno-74-50" href="#__codelineno-74-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-51" name="__codelineno-74-51" href="#__codelineno-74-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-52" name="__codelineno-74-52" href="#__codelineno-74-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-53" name="__codelineno-74-53" href="#__codelineno-74-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-54" name="__codelineno-74-54" href="#__codelineno-74-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-55" name="__codelineno-74-55" href="#__codelineno-74-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-56" name="__codelineno-74-56" href="#__codelineno-74-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-57" name="__codelineno-74-57" href="#__codelineno-74-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-58" name="__codelineno-74-58" href="#__codelineno-74-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-59" name="__codelineno-74-59" href="#__codelineno-74-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-60" name="__codelineno-74-60" href="#__codelineno-74-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-61" name="__codelineno-74-61" href="#__codelineno-74-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-62" name="__codelineno-74-62" href="#__codelineno-74-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-63" name="__codelineno-74-63" href="#__codelineno-74-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-64" name="__codelineno-74-64" href="#__codelineno-74-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-65" name="__codelineno-74-65" href="#__codelineno-74-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-66" name="__codelineno-74-66" href="#__codelineno-74-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-67" name="__codelineno-74-67" href="#__codelineno-74-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-68" name="__codelineno-74-68" href="#__codelineno-74-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-69" name="__codelineno-74-69" href="#__codelineno-74-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-70" name="__codelineno-74-70" href="#__codelineno-74-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-71" name="__codelineno-74-71" href="#__codelineno-74-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-72" name="__codelineno-74-72" href="#__codelineno-74-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-73" name="__codelineno-74-73" href="#__codelineno-74-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-74" name="__codelineno-74-74" href="#__codelineno-74-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-75" name="__codelineno-74-75" href="#__codelineno-74-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-76" name="__codelineno-74-76" href="#__codelineno-74-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-77" name="__codelineno-74-77" href="#__codelineno-74-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-78" name="__codelineno-74-78" href="#__codelineno-74-78"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-79" name="__codelineno-74-79" href="#__codelineno-74-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-80" name="__codelineno-74-80" href="#__codelineno-74-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-81" name="__codelineno-74-81" href="#__codelineno-74-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为原数组 extendRatio 倍的新数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-82" name="__codelineno-74-82" href="#__codelineno-74-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">copyOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-83" name="__codelineno-74-83" href="#__codelineno-74-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-84" name="__codelineno-74-84" href="#__codelineno-74-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-85" name="__codelineno-74-85" href="#__codelineno-74-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-86" name="__codelineno-74-86" href="#__codelineno-74-86"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-87" name="__codelineno-74-87" href="#__codelineno-74-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将列表转换为数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-88" name="__codelineno-74-88" href="#__codelineno-74-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-89" name="__codelineno-74-89" href="#__codelineno-74-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-90" name="__codelineno-74-90" href="#__codelineno-74-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-91" name="__codelineno-74-91" href="#__codelineno-74-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-92" name="__codelineno-74-92" href="#__codelineno-74-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-93" name="__codelineno-74-93" href="#__codelineno-74-93"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-94" name="__codelineno-74-94" href="#__codelineno-74-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-95" name="__codelineno-74-95" href="#__codelineno-74-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-96" name="__codelineno-74-96" href="#__codelineno-74-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-97" name="__codelineno-74-97" href="#__codelineno-74-97"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-2" name="__codelineno-75-2" href="#__codelineno-75-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-3" name="__codelineno-75-3" href="#__codelineno-75-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-4" name="__codelineno-75-4" href="#__codelineno-75-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-5" name="__codelineno-75-5" href="#__codelineno-75-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-6" name="__codelineno-75-6" href="#__codelineno-75-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-7" name="__codelineno-75-7" href="#__codelineno-75-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-8" name="__codelineno-75-8" href="#__codelineno-75-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-9" name="__codelineno-75-9" href="#__codelineno-75-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-10" name="__codelineno-75-10" href="#__codelineno-75-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-11" name="__codelineno-75-11" href="#__codelineno-75-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-12" name="__codelineno-75-12" href="#__codelineno-75-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-13" name="__codelineno-75-13" href="#__codelineno-75-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-14" name="__codelineno-75-14" href="#__codelineno-75-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-15" name="__codelineno-75-15" href="#__codelineno-75-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-16" name="__codelineno-75-16" href="#__codelineno-75-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-17" name="__codelineno-75-17" href="#__codelineno-75-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-18" name="__codelineno-75-18" href="#__codelineno-75-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-19" name="__codelineno-75-19" href="#__codelineno-75-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-20" name="__codelineno-75-20" href="#__codelineno-75-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-21" name="__codelineno-75-21" href="#__codelineno-75-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-22" name="__codelineno-75-22" href="#__codelineno-75-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-23" name="__codelineno-75-23" href="#__codelineno-75-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-24" name="__codelineno-75-24" href="#__codelineno-75-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-25" name="__codelineno-75-25" href="#__codelineno-75-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-26" name="__codelineno-75-26" href="#__codelineno-75-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-27" name="__codelineno-75-27" href="#__codelineno-75-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-28" name="__codelineno-75-28" href="#__codelineno-75-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-29" name="__codelineno-75-29" href="#__codelineno-75-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-30" name="__codelineno-75-30" href="#__codelineno-75-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-31" name="__codelineno-75-31" href="#__codelineno-75-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-32" name="__codelineno-75-32" href="#__codelineno-75-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-33" name="__codelineno-75-33" href="#__codelineno-75-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-34" name="__codelineno-75-34" href="#__codelineno-75-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-35" name="__codelineno-75-35" href="#__codelineno-75-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-36" name="__codelineno-75-36" href="#__codelineno-75-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-37" name="__codelineno-75-37" href="#__codelineno-75-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-38" name="__codelineno-75-38" href="#__codelineno-75-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-39" name="__codelineno-75-39" href="#__codelineno-75-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-40" name="__codelineno-75-40" href="#__codelineno-75-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-41" name="__codelineno-75-41" href="#__codelineno-75-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-42" name="__codelineno-75-42" href="#__codelineno-75-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-43" name="__codelineno-75-43" href="#__codelineno-75-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-44" name="__codelineno-75-44" href="#__codelineno-75-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-45" name="__codelineno-75-45" href="#__codelineno-75-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-46" name="__codelineno-75-46" href="#__codelineno-75-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-47" name="__codelineno-75-47" href="#__codelineno-75-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-48" name="__codelineno-75-48" href="#__codelineno-75-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-49" name="__codelineno-75-49" href="#__codelineno-75-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-50" name="__codelineno-75-50" href="#__codelineno-75-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-51" name="__codelineno-75-51" href="#__codelineno-75-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-52" name="__codelineno-75-52" href="#__codelineno-75-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-53" name="__codelineno-75-53" href="#__codelineno-75-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-54" name="__codelineno-75-54" href="#__codelineno-75-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-55" name="__codelineno-75-55" href="#__codelineno-75-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-56" name="__codelineno-75-56" href="#__codelineno-75-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-57" name="__codelineno-75-57" href="#__codelineno-75-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-58" name="__codelineno-75-58" href="#__codelineno-75-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-59" name="__codelineno-75-59" href="#__codelineno-75-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-60" name="__codelineno-75-60" href="#__codelineno-75-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-61" name="__codelineno-75-61" href="#__codelineno-75-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-62" name="__codelineno-75-62" href="#__codelineno-75-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-63" name="__codelineno-75-63" href="#__codelineno-75-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-64" name="__codelineno-75-64" href="#__codelineno-75-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-65" name="__codelineno-75-65" href="#__codelineno-75-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-66" name="__codelineno-75-66" href="#__codelineno-75-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-67" name="__codelineno-75-67" href="#__codelineno-75-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-68" name="__codelineno-75-68" href="#__codelineno-75-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-69" name="__codelineno-75-69" href="#__codelineno-75-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-70" name="__codelineno-75-70" href="#__codelineno-75-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-71" name="__codelineno-75-71" href="#__codelineno-75-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-72" name="__codelineno-75-72" href="#__codelineno-75-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-73" name="__codelineno-75-73" href="#__codelineno-75-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-74" name="__codelineno-75-74" href="#__codelineno-75-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-75" name="__codelineno-75-75" href="#__codelineno-75-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-76" name="__codelineno-75-76" href="#__codelineno-75-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-77" name="__codelineno-75-77" href="#__codelineno-75-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-78" name="__codelineno-75-78" href="#__codelineno-75-78"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-79" name="__codelineno-75-79" href="#__codelineno-75-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-80" name="__codelineno-75-80" href="#__codelineno-75-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-81" name="__codelineno-75-81" href="#__codelineno-75-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为 numsCapacity * extendRatio 的数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-82" name="__codelineno-75-82" href="#__codelineno-75-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">ref</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-83" name="__codelineno-75-83" href="#__codelineno-75-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-84" name="__codelineno-75-84" href="#__codelineno-75-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-85" name="__codelineno-75-85" href="#__codelineno-75-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-86" name="__codelineno-75-86" href="#__codelineno-75-86"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-87" name="__codelineno-75-87" href="#__codelineno-75-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将列表转换为数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-88" name="__codelineno-75-88" href="#__codelineno-75-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-89" name="__codelineno-75-89" href="#__codelineno-75-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-90" name="__codelineno-75-90" href="#__codelineno-75-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-91" name="__codelineno-75-91" href="#__codelineno-75-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-92" name="__codelineno-75-92" href="#__codelineno-75-92"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-93" name="__codelineno-75-93" href="#__codelineno-75-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-94" name="__codelineno-75-94" href="#__codelineno-75-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-95" name="__codelineno-75-95" href="#__codelineno-75-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-96" name="__codelineno-75-96" href="#__codelineno-75-96"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-3" name="__codelineno-76-3" href="#__codelineno-76-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-4" name="__codelineno-76-4" href="#__codelineno-76-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-5" name="__codelineno-76-5" href="#__codelineno-76-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-6" name="__codelineno-76-6" href="#__codelineno-76-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-7" name="__codelineno-76-7" href="#__codelineno-76-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-8" name="__codelineno-76-8" href="#__codelineno-76-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-9" name="__codelineno-76-9" href="#__codelineno-76-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-10" name="__codelineno-76-10" href="#__codelineno-76-10"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newMyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-11" name="__codelineno-76-11" href="#__codelineno-76-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-12" name="__codelineno-76-12" href="#__codelineno-76-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">numsCapacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-13" name="__codelineno-76-13" href="#__codelineno-76-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-14" name="__codelineno-76-14" href="#__codelineno-76-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">               </span><span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-15" name="__codelineno-76-15" href="#__codelineno-76-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">               </span><span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-16" name="__codelineno-76-16" href="#__codelineno-76-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-17" name="__codelineno-76-17" href="#__codelineno-76-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-18" name="__codelineno-76-18" href="#__codelineno-76-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-19" name="__codelineno-76-19" href="#__codelineno-76-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-20" name="__codelineno-76-20" href="#__codelineno-76-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-21" name="__codelineno-76-21" href="#__codelineno-76-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-22" name="__codelineno-76-22" href="#__codelineno-76-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-23" name="__codelineno-76-23" href="#__codelineno-76-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-24" name="__codelineno-76-24" href="#__codelineno-76-24"></a><span class="cm">/*  获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-25" name="__codelineno-76-25" href="#__codelineno-76-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-26" name="__codelineno-76-26" href="#__codelineno-76-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsCapacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-27" name="__codelineno-76-27" href="#__codelineno-76-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-28" name="__codelineno-76-28" href="#__codelineno-76-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-29" name="__codelineno-76-29" href="#__codelineno-76-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-30" name="__codelineno-76-30" href="#__codelineno-76-30"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-31" name="__codelineno-76-31" href="#__codelineno-76-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-32" name="__codelineno-76-32" href="#__codelineno-76-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-33" name="__codelineno-76-33" href="#__codelineno-76-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-34" name="__codelineno-76-34" href="#__codelineno-76-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-35" name="__codelineno-76-35" href="#__codelineno-76-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-36" name="__codelineno-76-36" href="#__codelineno-76-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-37" name="__codelineno-76-37" href="#__codelineno-76-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-38" name="__codelineno-76-38" href="#__codelineno-76-38"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-39" name="__codelineno-76-39" href="#__codelineno-76-39"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-40" name="__codelineno-76-40" href="#__codelineno-76-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-41" name="__codelineno-76-41" href="#__codelineno-76-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-42" name="__codelineno-76-42" href="#__codelineno-76-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-43" name="__codelineno-76-43" href="#__codelineno-76-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-44" name="__codelineno-76-44" href="#__codelineno-76-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-45" name="__codelineno-76-45" href="#__codelineno-76-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-46" name="__codelineno-76-46" href="#__codelineno-76-46"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-47" name="__codelineno-76-47" href="#__codelineno-76-47"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-48" name="__codelineno-76-48" href="#__codelineno-76-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-49" name="__codelineno-76-49" href="#__codelineno-76-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-50" name="__codelineno-76-50" href="#__codelineno-76-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-51" name="__codelineno-76-51" href="#__codelineno-76-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-52" name="__codelineno-76-52" href="#__codelineno-76-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-53" name="__codelineno-76-53" href="#__codelineno-76-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-54" name="__codelineno-76-54" href="#__codelineno-76-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-55" name="__codelineno-76-55" href="#__codelineno-76-55"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-56" name="__codelineno-76-56" href="#__codelineno-76-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-57" name="__codelineno-76-57" href="#__codelineno-76-57"></a><span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-58" name="__codelineno-76-58" href="#__codelineno-76-58"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-59" name="__codelineno-76-59" href="#__codelineno-76-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-60" name="__codelineno-76-60" href="#__codelineno-76-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-61" name="__codelineno-76-61" href="#__codelineno-76-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-62" name="__codelineno-76-62" href="#__codelineno-76-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-63" name="__codelineno-76-63" href="#__codelineno-76-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-64" name="__codelineno-76-64" href="#__codelineno-76-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-65" name="__codelineno-76-65" href="#__codelineno-76-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-66" name="__codelineno-76-66" href="#__codelineno-76-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-67" name="__codelineno-76-67" href="#__codelineno-76-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-68" name="__codelineno-76-68" href="#__codelineno-76-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-69" name="__codelineno-76-69" href="#__codelineno-76-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-70" name="__codelineno-76-70" href="#__codelineno-76-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-71" name="__codelineno-76-71" href="#__codelineno-76-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-72" name="__codelineno-76-72" href="#__codelineno-76-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-73" name="__codelineno-76-73" href="#__codelineno-76-73"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-74" name="__codelineno-76-74" href="#__codelineno-76-74"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-75" name="__codelineno-76-75" href="#__codelineno-76-75"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-76" name="__codelineno-76-76" href="#__codelineno-76-76"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-77" name="__codelineno-76-77" href="#__codelineno-76-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-78" name="__codelineno-76-78" href="#__codelineno-76-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-79" name="__codelineno-76-79" href="#__codelineno-76-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-80" name="__codelineno-76-80" href="#__codelineno-76-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-81" name="__codelineno-76-81" href="#__codelineno-76-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 索引 i 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-82" name="__codelineno-76-82" href="#__codelineno-76-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-83" name="__codelineno-76-83" href="#__codelineno-76-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-84" name="__codelineno-76-84" href="#__codelineno-76-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-85" name="__codelineno-76-85" href="#__codelineno-76-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-86" name="__codelineno-76-86" href="#__codelineno-76-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="o">--</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-87" name="__codelineno-76-87" href="#__codelineno-76-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-88" name="__codelineno-76-88" href="#__codelineno-76-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-89" name="__codelineno-76-89" href="#__codelineno-76-89"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-90" name="__codelineno-76-90" href="#__codelineno-76-90"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-91" name="__codelineno-76-91" href="#__codelineno-76-91"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-92" name="__codelineno-76-92" href="#__codelineno-76-92"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-93" name="__codelineno-76-93" href="#__codelineno-76-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为原数组 extendRatio 倍的新数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-94" name="__codelineno-76-94" href="#__codelineno-76-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsCapacity</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-95" name="__codelineno-76-95" href="#__codelineno-76-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-96" name="__codelineno-76-96" href="#__codelineno-76-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-97" name="__codelineno-76-97" href="#__codelineno-76-97"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-98" name="__codelineno-76-98" href="#__codelineno-76-98"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-99" name="__codelineno-76-99" href="#__codelineno-76-99"></a><span class="cm">/* 返回有效长度的列表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-100" name="__codelineno-76-100" href="#__codelineno-76-100"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-101" name="__codelineno-76-101" href="#__codelineno-76-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-102" name="__codelineno-76-102" href="#__codelineno-76-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">numsSize</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-103" name="__codelineno-76-103" href="#__codelineno-76-103"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">MyList</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">_capacity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">_size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-6" name="__codelineno-77-6" href="#__codelineno-77-6"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">extendRatio</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-7" name="__codelineno-77-7" href="#__codelineno-77-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-8" name="__codelineno-77-8" href="#__codelineno-77-8"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-9" name="__codelineno-77-9" href="#__codelineno-77-9"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-10" name="__codelineno-77-10" href="#__codelineno-77-10"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-11" name="__codelineno-77-11" href="#__codelineno-77-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-12" name="__codelineno-77-12" href="#__codelineno-77-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-13" name="__codelineno-77-13" href="#__codelineno-77-13"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-14" name="__codelineno-77-14" href="#__codelineno-77-14"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-15" name="__codelineno-77-15" href="#__codelineno-77-15"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-16" name="__codelineno-77-16" href="#__codelineno-77-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-17" name="__codelineno-77-17" href="#__codelineno-77-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-18" name="__codelineno-77-18" href="#__codelineno-77-18"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-19" name="__codelineno-77-19" href="#__codelineno-77-19"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-20" name="__codelineno-77-20" href="#__codelineno-77-20"></a>        <span class="n">_capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-21" name="__codelineno-77-21" href="#__codelineno-77-21"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-22" name="__codelineno-77-22" href="#__codelineno-77-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-23" name="__codelineno-77-23" href="#__codelineno-77-23"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-24" name="__codelineno-77-24" href="#__codelineno-77-24"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-25" name="__codelineno-77-25" href="#__codelineno-77-25"></a>        <span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出错误，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-26" name="__codelineno-77-26" href="#__codelineno-77-26"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-27" name="__codelineno-77-27" href="#__codelineno-77-27"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-28" name="__codelineno-77-28" href="#__codelineno-77-28"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-29" name="__codelineno-77-29" href="#__codelineno-77-29"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-30" name="__codelineno-77-30" href="#__codelineno-77-30"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-31" name="__codelineno-77-31" href="#__codelineno-77-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-32" name="__codelineno-77-32" href="#__codelineno-77-32"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-33" name="__codelineno-77-33" href="#__codelineno-77-33"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-34" name="__codelineno-77-34" href="#__codelineno-77-34"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-35" name="__codelineno-77-35" href="#__codelineno-77-35"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-36" name="__codelineno-77-36" href="#__codelineno-77-36"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-37" name="__codelineno-77-37" href="#__codelineno-77-37"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-38" name="__codelineno-77-38" href="#__codelineno-77-38"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-39" name="__codelineno-77-39" href="#__codelineno-77-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-40" name="__codelineno-77-40" href="#__codelineno-77-40"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-41" name="__codelineno-77-41" href="#__codelineno-77-41"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-42" name="__codelineno-77-42" href="#__codelineno-77-42"></a>        <span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-43" name="__codelineno-77-43" href="#__codelineno-77-43"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">_capacity</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-44" name="__codelineno-77-44" href="#__codelineno-77-44"></a>            <span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-45" name="__codelineno-77-45" href="#__codelineno-77-45"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-46" name="__codelineno-77-46" href="#__codelineno-77-46"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-47" name="__codelineno-77-47" href="#__codelineno-77-47"></a>        <span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-48" name="__codelineno-77-48" href="#__codelineno-77-48"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-49" name="__codelineno-77-49" href="#__codelineno-77-49"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-50" name="__codelineno-77-50" href="#__codelineno-77-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-51" name="__codelineno-77-51" href="#__codelineno-77-51"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-52" name="__codelineno-77-52" href="#__codelineno-77-52"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-53" name="__codelineno-77-53" href="#__codelineno-77-53"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-54" name="__codelineno-77-54" href="#__codelineno-77-54"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-55" name="__codelineno-77-55" href="#__codelineno-77-55"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-56" name="__codelineno-77-56" href="#__codelineno-77-56"></a>        <span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-57" name="__codelineno-77-57" href="#__codelineno-77-57"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">_capacity</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-58" name="__codelineno-77-58" href="#__codelineno-77-58"></a>            <span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-59" name="__codelineno-77-59" href="#__codelineno-77-59"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-60" name="__codelineno-77-60" href="#__codelineno-77-60"></a>        <span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-61" name="__codelineno-77-61" href="#__codelineno-77-61"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-62" name="__codelineno-77-62" href="#__codelineno-77-62"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-63" name="__codelineno-77-63" href="#__codelineno-77-63"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-64" name="__codelineno-77-64" href="#__codelineno-77-64"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-65" name="__codelineno-77-65" href="#__codelineno-77-65"></a>        <span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-66" name="__codelineno-77-66" href="#__codelineno-77-66"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-67" name="__codelineno-77-67" href="#__codelineno-77-67"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-68" name="__codelineno-77-68" href="#__codelineno-77-68"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-69" name="__codelineno-77-69" href="#__codelineno-77-69"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-70" name="__codelineno-77-70" href="#__codelineno-77-70"></a>    <span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-71" name="__codelineno-77-71" href="#__codelineno-77-71"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-72" name="__codelineno-77-72" href="#__codelineno-77-72"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-73" name="__codelineno-77-73" href="#__codelineno-77-73"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-74" name="__codelineno-77-74" href="#__codelineno-77-74"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-75" name="__codelineno-77-75" href="#__codelineno-77-75"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-76" name="__codelineno-77-76" href="#__codelineno-77-76"></a>        <span class="c1">// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-77" name="__codelineno-77-77" href="#__codelineno-77-77"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-78" name="__codelineno-77-78" href="#__codelineno-77-78"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-79" name="__codelineno-77-79" href="#__codelineno-77-79"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-80" name="__codelineno-77-80" href="#__codelineno-77-80"></a>        <span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-81" name="__codelineno-77-81" href="#__codelineno-77-81"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-82" name="__codelineno-77-82" href="#__codelineno-77-82"></a>        <span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-83" name="__codelineno-77-83" href="#__codelineno-77-83"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-84" name="__codelineno-77-84" href="#__codelineno-77-84"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-85" name="__codelineno-77-85" href="#__codelineno-77-85"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-86" name="__codelineno-77-86" href="#__codelineno-77-86"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-87" name="__codelineno-77-87" href="#__codelineno-77-87"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-88" name="__codelineno-77-88" href="#__codelineno-77-88"></a>        <span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为原数组 extendRatio 倍的新数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-89" name="__codelineno-77-89" href="#__codelineno-77-89"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">_capacity</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">extendRatio</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-90" name="__codelineno-77-90" href="#__codelineno-77-90"></a>        <span class="c1">// 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-91" name="__codelineno-77-91" href="#__codelineno-77-91"></a>        <span class="n">_capacity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-92" name="__codelineno-77-92" href="#__codelineno-77-92"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-93" name="__codelineno-77-93" href="#__codelineno-77-93"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-94" name="__codelineno-77-94" href="#__codelineno-77-94"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 将列表转换为数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-95" name="__codelineno-77-95" href="#__codelineno-77-95"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-96" name="__codelineno-77-96" href="#__codelineno-77-96"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-97" name="__codelineno-77-97" href="#__codelineno-77-97"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-98" name="__codelineno-77-98" href="#__codelineno-77-98"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kr">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-99" name="__codelineno-77-99" href="#__codelineno-77-99"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-100" name="__codelineno-77-100" href="#__codelineno-77-100"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-101" name="__codelineno-77-101" href="#__codelineno-77-101"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-102" name="__codelineno-77-102" href="#__codelineno-77-102"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-4" name="__codelineno-78-4" href="#__codelineno-78-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-5" name="__codelineno-78-5" href="#__codelineno-78-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-6" name="__codelineno-78-6" href="#__codelineno-78-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-7" name="__codelineno-78-7" href="#__codelineno-78-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-8" name="__codelineno-78-8" href="#__codelineno-78-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-9" name="__codelineno-78-9" href="#__codelineno-78-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-10" name="__codelineno-78-10" href="#__codelineno-78-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-11" name="__codelineno-78-11" href="#__codelineno-78-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-12" name="__codelineno-78-12" href="#__codelineno-78-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-13" name="__codelineno-78-13" href="#__codelineno-78-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-14" name="__codelineno-78-14" href="#__codelineno-78-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-15" name="__codelineno-78-15" href="#__codelineno-78-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-16" name="__codelineno-78-16" href="#__codelineno-78-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-17" name="__codelineno-78-17" href="#__codelineno-78-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-18" name="__codelineno-78-18" href="#__codelineno-78-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-19" name="__codelineno-78-19" href="#__codelineno-78-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-20" name="__codelineno-78-20" href="#__codelineno-78-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-21" name="__codelineno-78-21" href="#__codelineno-78-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-22" name="__codelineno-78-22" href="#__codelineno-78-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-23" name="__codelineno-78-23" href="#__codelineno-78-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-24" name="__codelineno-78-24" href="#__codelineno-78-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-25" name="__codelineno-78-25" href="#__codelineno-78-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-26" name="__codelineno-78-26" href="#__codelineno-78-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-27" name="__codelineno-78-27" href="#__codelineno-78-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-28" name="__codelineno-78-28" href="#__codelineno-78-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-29" name="__codelineno-78-29" href="#__codelineno-78-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-30" name="__codelineno-78-30" href="#__codelineno-78-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-31" name="__codelineno-78-31" href="#__codelineno-78-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-32" name="__codelineno-78-32" href="#__codelineno-78-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-33" name="__codelineno-78-33" href="#__codelineno-78-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-34" name="__codelineno-78-34" href="#__codelineno-78-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-35" name="__codelineno-78-35" href="#__codelineno-78-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-36" name="__codelineno-78-36" href="#__codelineno-78-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-37" name="__codelineno-78-37" href="#__codelineno-78-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-38" name="__codelineno-78-38" href="#__codelineno-78-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果长度等于容量，则需要扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-39" name="__codelineno-78-39" href="#__codelineno-78-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-40" name="__codelineno-78-40" href="#__codelineno-78-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-41" name="__codelineno-78-41" href="#__codelineno-78-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-42" name="__codelineno-78-42" href="#__codelineno-78-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将新元素添加到列表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-43" name="__codelineno-78-43" href="#__codelineno-78-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-44" name="__codelineno-78-44" href="#__codelineno-78-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-45" name="__codelineno-78-45" href="#__codelineno-78-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-46" name="__codelineno-78-46" href="#__codelineno-78-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-47" name="__codelineno-78-47" href="#__codelineno-78-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-48" name="__codelineno-78-48" href="#__codelineno-78-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-49" name="__codelineno-78-49" href="#__codelineno-78-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-50" name="__codelineno-78-50" href="#__codelineno-78-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-51" name="__codelineno-78-51" href="#__codelineno-78-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-52" name="__codelineno-78-52" href="#__codelineno-78-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-53" name="__codelineno-78-53" href="#__codelineno-78-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-54" name="__codelineno-78-54" href="#__codelineno-78-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-55" name="__codelineno-78-55" href="#__codelineno-78-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-56" name="__codelineno-78-56" href="#__codelineno-78-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-57" name="__codelineno-78-57" href="#__codelineno-78-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-58" name="__codelineno-78-58" href="#__codelineno-78-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-59" name="__codelineno-78-59" href="#__codelineno-78-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-60" name="__codelineno-78-60" href="#__codelineno-78-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-61" name="__codelineno-78-61" href="#__codelineno-78-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-62" name="__codelineno-78-62" href="#__codelineno-78-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-63" name="__codelineno-78-63" href="#__codelineno-78-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-64" name="__codelineno-78-64" href="#__codelineno-78-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-65" name="__codelineno-78-65" href="#__codelineno-78-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-66" name="__codelineno-78-66" href="#__codelineno-78-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-67" name="__codelineno-78-67" href="#__codelineno-78-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-68" name="__codelineno-78-68" href="#__codelineno-78-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-69" name="__codelineno-78-69" href="#__codelineno-78-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-70" name="__codelineno-78-70" href="#__codelineno-78-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-71" name="__codelineno-78-71" href="#__codelineno-78-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-72" name="__codelineno-78-72" href="#__codelineno-78-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-73" name="__codelineno-78-73" href="#__codelineno-78-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-74" name="__codelineno-78-74" href="#__codelineno-78-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-75" name="__codelineno-78-75" href="#__codelineno-78-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-76" name="__codelineno-78-76" href="#__codelineno-78-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-77" name="__codelineno-78-77" href="#__codelineno-78-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-78" name="__codelineno-78-78" href="#__codelineno-78-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-79" name="__codelineno-78-79" href="#__codelineno-78-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为原数组 extendRatio 倍的新数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-80" name="__codelineno-78-80" href="#__codelineno-78-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">concat</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-81" name="__codelineno-78-81" href="#__codelineno-78-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-82" name="__codelineno-78-82" href="#__codelineno-78-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-83" name="__codelineno-78-83" href="#__codelineno-78-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-84" name="__codelineno-78-84" href="#__codelineno-78-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-85" name="__codelineno-78-85" href="#__codelineno-78-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-86" name="__codelineno-78-86" href="#__codelineno-78-86"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-87" name="__codelineno-78-87" href="#__codelineno-78-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将列表转换为数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-88" name="__codelineno-78-88" href="#__codelineno-78-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-89" name="__codelineno-78-89" href="#__codelineno-78-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-90" name="__codelineno-78-90" href="#__codelineno-78-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-91" name="__codelineno-78-91" href="#__codelineno-78-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-92" name="__codelineno-78-92" href="#__codelineno-78-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-93" name="__codelineno-78-93" href="#__codelineno-78-93"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-94" name="__codelineno-78-94" href="#__codelineno-78-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-95" name="__codelineno-78-95" href="#__codelineno-78-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-96" name="__codelineno-78-96" href="#__codelineno-78-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-97" name="__codelineno-78-97" href="#__codelineno-78-97"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-4" name="__codelineno-79-4" href="#__codelineno-79-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-5" name="__codelineno-79-5" href="#__codelineno-79-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-6" name="__codelineno-79-6" href="#__codelineno-79-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-7" name="__codelineno-79-7" href="#__codelineno-79-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-8" name="__codelineno-79-8" href="#__codelineno-79-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-9" name="__codelineno-79-9" href="#__codelineno-79-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-10" name="__codelineno-79-10" href="#__codelineno-79-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-11" name="__codelineno-79-11" href="#__codelineno-79-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-12" name="__codelineno-79-12" href="#__codelineno-79-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-13" name="__codelineno-79-13" href="#__codelineno-79-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-14" name="__codelineno-79-14" href="#__codelineno-79-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-15" name="__codelineno-79-15" href="#__codelineno-79-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-16" name="__codelineno-79-16" href="#__codelineno-79-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-17" name="__codelineno-79-17" href="#__codelineno-79-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-18" name="__codelineno-79-18" href="#__codelineno-79-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-19" name="__codelineno-79-19" href="#__codelineno-79-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-20" name="__codelineno-79-20" href="#__codelineno-79-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-21" name="__codelineno-79-21" href="#__codelineno-79-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-22" name="__codelineno-79-22" href="#__codelineno-79-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-23" name="__codelineno-79-23" href="#__codelineno-79-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-24" name="__codelineno-79-24" href="#__codelineno-79-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-25" name="__codelineno-79-25" href="#__codelineno-79-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-26" name="__codelineno-79-26" href="#__codelineno-79-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-27" name="__codelineno-79-27" href="#__codelineno-79-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-28" name="__codelineno-79-28" href="#__codelineno-79-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-29" name="__codelineno-79-29" href="#__codelineno-79-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-30" name="__codelineno-79-30" href="#__codelineno-79-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-31" name="__codelineno-79-31" href="#__codelineno-79-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-32" name="__codelineno-79-32" href="#__codelineno-79-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-33" name="__codelineno-79-33" href="#__codelineno-79-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-34" name="__codelineno-79-34" href="#__codelineno-79-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-35" name="__codelineno-79-35" href="#__codelineno-79-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-36" name="__codelineno-79-36" href="#__codelineno-79-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-37" name="__codelineno-79-37" href="#__codelineno-79-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-38" name="__codelineno-79-38" href="#__codelineno-79-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果长度等于容量，则需要扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-39" name="__codelineno-79-39" href="#__codelineno-79-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-40" name="__codelineno-79-40" href="#__codelineno-79-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将新元素添加到列表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-41" name="__codelineno-79-41" href="#__codelineno-79-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-42" name="__codelineno-79-42" href="#__codelineno-79-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-43" name="__codelineno-79-43" href="#__codelineno-79-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-44" name="__codelineno-79-44" href="#__codelineno-79-44"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-45" name="__codelineno-79-45" href="#__codelineno-79-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-46" name="__codelineno-79-46" href="#__codelineno-79-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-47" name="__codelineno-79-47" href="#__codelineno-79-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-48" name="__codelineno-79-48" href="#__codelineno-79-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-49" name="__codelineno-79-49" href="#__codelineno-79-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-50" name="__codelineno-79-50" href="#__codelineno-79-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-51" name="__codelineno-79-51" href="#__codelineno-79-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-52" name="__codelineno-79-52" href="#__codelineno-79-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-53" name="__codelineno-79-53" href="#__codelineno-79-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-54" name="__codelineno-79-54" href="#__codelineno-79-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-55" name="__codelineno-79-55" href="#__codelineno-79-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-56" name="__codelineno-79-56" href="#__codelineno-79-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-57" name="__codelineno-79-57" href="#__codelineno-79-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-58" name="__codelineno-79-58" href="#__codelineno-79-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-59" name="__codelineno-79-59" href="#__codelineno-79-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-60" name="__codelineno-79-60" href="#__codelineno-79-60"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-61" name="__codelineno-79-61" href="#__codelineno-79-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-62" name="__codelineno-79-62" href="#__codelineno-79-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-63" name="__codelineno-79-63" href="#__codelineno-79-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-64" name="__codelineno-79-64" href="#__codelineno-79-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-65" name="__codelineno-79-65" href="#__codelineno-79-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-66" name="__codelineno-79-66" href="#__codelineno-79-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-67" name="__codelineno-79-67" href="#__codelineno-79-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-68" name="__codelineno-79-68" href="#__codelineno-79-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-69" name="__codelineno-79-69" href="#__codelineno-79-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-70" name="__codelineno-79-70" href="#__codelineno-79-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-71" name="__codelineno-79-71" href="#__codelineno-79-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-72" name="__codelineno-79-72" href="#__codelineno-79-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-73" name="__codelineno-79-73" href="#__codelineno-79-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-74" name="__codelineno-79-74" href="#__codelineno-79-74"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-75" name="__codelineno-79-75" href="#__codelineno-79-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-76" name="__codelineno-79-76" href="#__codelineno-79-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-77" name="__codelineno-79-77" href="#__codelineno-79-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为 size 的数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-78" name="__codelineno-79-78" href="#__codelineno-79-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">concat</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-79" name="__codelineno-79-79" href="#__codelineno-79-79"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-80" name="__codelineno-79-80" href="#__codelineno-79-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-81" name="__codelineno-79-81" href="#__codelineno-79-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-82" name="__codelineno-79-82" href="#__codelineno-79-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-83" name="__codelineno-79-83" href="#__codelineno-79-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-84" name="__codelineno-79-84" href="#__codelineno-79-84"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-85" name="__codelineno-79-85" href="#__codelineno-79-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将列表转换为数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-86" name="__codelineno-79-86" href="#__codelineno-79-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-87" name="__codelineno-79-87" href="#__codelineno-79-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-88" name="__codelineno-79-88" href="#__codelineno-79-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-89" name="__codelineno-79-89" href="#__codelineno-79-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-90" name="__codelineno-79-90" href="#__codelineno-79-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-91" name="__codelineno-79-91" href="#__codelineno-79-91"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-92" name="__codelineno-79-92" href="#__codelineno-79-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-93" name="__codelineno-79-93" href="#__codelineno-79-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-94" name="__codelineno-79-94" href="#__codelineno-79-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-95" name="__codelineno-79-95" href="#__codelineno-79-95"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-4" name="__codelineno-80-4" href="#__codelineno-80-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-5" name="__codelineno-80-5" href="#__codelineno-80-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-6" name="__codelineno-80-6" href="#__codelineno-80-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-7" name="__codelineno-80-7" href="#__codelineno-80-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-8" name="__codelineno-80-8" href="#__codelineno-80-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-9" name="__codelineno-80-9" href="#__codelineno-80-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-10" name="__codelineno-80-10" href="#__codelineno-80-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-11" name="__codelineno-80-11" href="#__codelineno-80-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-12" name="__codelineno-80-12" href="#__codelineno-80-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-13" name="__codelineno-80-13" href="#__codelineno-80-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-14" name="__codelineno-80-14" href="#__codelineno-80-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-15" name="__codelineno-80-15" href="#__codelineno-80-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-16" name="__codelineno-80-16" href="#__codelineno-80-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-17" name="__codelineno-80-17" href="#__codelineno-80-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-18" name="__codelineno-80-18" href="#__codelineno-80-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-19" name="__codelineno-80-19" href="#__codelineno-80-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-20" name="__codelineno-80-20" href="#__codelineno-80-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-21" name="__codelineno-80-21" href="#__codelineno-80-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-22" name="__codelineno-80-22" href="#__codelineno-80-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-23" name="__codelineno-80-23" href="#__codelineno-80-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-24" name="__codelineno-80-24" href="#__codelineno-80-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-25" name="__codelineno-80-25" href="#__codelineno-80-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-26" name="__codelineno-80-26" href="#__codelineno-80-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-27" name="__codelineno-80-27" href="#__codelineno-80-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-28" name="__codelineno-80-28" href="#__codelineno-80-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-29" name="__codelineno-80-29" href="#__codelineno-80-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-30" name="__codelineno-80-30" href="#__codelineno-80-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-31" name="__codelineno-80-31" href="#__codelineno-80-31"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-32" name="__codelineno-80-32" href="#__codelineno-80-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-33" name="__codelineno-80-33" href="#__codelineno-80-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-34" name="__codelineno-80-34" href="#__codelineno-80-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-35" name="__codelineno-80-35" href="#__codelineno-80-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-36" name="__codelineno-80-36" href="#__codelineno-80-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-37" name="__codelineno-80-37" href="#__codelineno-80-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-38" name="__codelineno-80-38" href="#__codelineno-80-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-39" name="__codelineno-80-39" href="#__codelineno-80-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-40" name="__codelineno-80-40" href="#__codelineno-80-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-41" name="__codelineno-80-41" href="#__codelineno-80-41"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-42" name="__codelineno-80-42" href="#__codelineno-80-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-43" name="__codelineno-80-43" href="#__codelineno-80-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-44" name="__codelineno-80-44" href="#__codelineno-80-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-45" name="__codelineno-80-45" href="#__codelineno-80-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-46" name="__codelineno-80-46" href="#__codelineno-80-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-47" name="__codelineno-80-47" href="#__codelineno-80-47"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-48" name="__codelineno-80-48" href="#__codelineno-80-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-49" name="__codelineno-80-49" href="#__codelineno-80-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-50" name="__codelineno-80-50" href="#__codelineno-80-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-51" name="__codelineno-80-51" href="#__codelineno-80-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-52" name="__codelineno-80-52" href="#__codelineno-80-52"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-53" name="__codelineno-80-53" href="#__codelineno-80-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-54" name="__codelineno-80-54" href="#__codelineno-80-54"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-55" name="__codelineno-80-55" href="#__codelineno-80-55"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-56" name="__codelineno-80-56" href="#__codelineno-80-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;索引越界&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-57" name="__codelineno-80-57" href="#__codelineno-80-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-58" name="__codelineno-80-58" href="#__codelineno-80-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-59" name="__codelineno-80-59" href="#__codelineno-80-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-60" name="__codelineno-80-60" href="#__codelineno-80-60"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-61" name="__codelineno-80-61" href="#__codelineno-80-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-62" name="__codelineno-80-62" href="#__codelineno-80-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-63" name="__codelineno-80-63" href="#__codelineno-80-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-64" name="__codelineno-80-64" href="#__codelineno-80-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-65" name="__codelineno-80-65" href="#__codelineno-80-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-66" name="__codelineno-80-66" href="#__codelineno-80-66"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-67" name="__codelineno-80-67" href="#__codelineno-80-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-68" name="__codelineno-80-68" href="#__codelineno-80-68"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-69" name="__codelineno-80-69" href="#__codelineno-80-69"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-70" name="__codelineno-80-70" href="#__codelineno-80-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为原数组 _extendRatio 倍的新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-71" name="__codelineno-80-71" href="#__codelineno-80-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_newNums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_extendRatio</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-72" name="__codelineno-80-72" href="#__codelineno-80-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-73" name="__codelineno-80-73" href="#__codelineno-80-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">copyRange</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_newNums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-74" name="__codelineno-80-74" href="#__codelineno-80-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新 _nums 的引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-75" name="__codelineno-80-75" href="#__codelineno-80-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_newNums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-76" name="__codelineno-80-76" href="#__codelineno-80-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-77" name="__codelineno-80-77" href="#__codelineno-80-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-78" name="__codelineno-80-78" href="#__codelineno-80-78"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-79" name="__codelineno-80-79" href="#__codelineno-80-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-80" name="__codelineno-80-80" href="#__codelineno-80-80"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 将列表转换为数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-81" name="__codelineno-80-81" href="#__codelineno-80-81"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-82" name="__codelineno-80-82" href="#__codelineno-80-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-83" name="__codelineno-80-83" href="#__codelineno-80-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-84" name="__codelineno-80-84" href="#__codelineno-80-84"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-85" name="__codelineno-80-85" href="#__codelineno-80-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-86" name="__codelineno-80-86" href="#__codelineno-80-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-87" name="__codelineno-80-87" href="#__codelineno-80-87"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-88" name="__codelineno-80-88" href="#__codelineno-80-88"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(dead_code)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-4" name="__codelineno-81-4" href="#__codelineno-81-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-5" name="__codelineno-81-5" href="#__codelineno-81-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">capacity</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-6" name="__codelineno-81-6" href="#__codelineno-81-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">size</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-7" name="__codelineno-81-7" href="#__codelineno-81-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-8" name="__codelineno-81-8" href="#__codelineno-81-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-9" name="__codelineno-81-9" href="#__codelineno-81-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-10" name="__codelineno-81-10" href="#__codelineno-81-10"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(unused,unused_comparisons)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-11" name="__codelineno-81-11" href="#__codelineno-81-11"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-12" name="__codelineno-81-12" href="#__codelineno-81-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-13" name="__codelineno-81-13" href="#__codelineno-81-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-14" name="__codelineno-81-14" href="#__codelineno-81-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-15" name="__codelineno-81-15" href="#__codelineno-81-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-16" name="__codelineno-81-16" href="#__codelineno-81-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-17" name="__codelineno-81-17" href="#__codelineno-81-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="nc">vec</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-18" name="__codelineno-81-18" href="#__codelineno-81-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-19" name="__codelineno-81-19" href="#__codelineno-81-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">size</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-20" name="__codelineno-81-20" href="#__codelineno-81-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>: <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-21" name="__codelineno-81-21" href="#__codelineno-81-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-22" name="__codelineno-81-22" href="#__codelineno-81-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-23" name="__codelineno-81-23" href="#__codelineno-81-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-24" name="__codelineno-81-24" href="#__codelineno-81-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-25" name="__codelineno-81-25" href="#__codelineno-81-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-26" name="__codelineno-81-26" href="#__codelineno-81-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-27" name="__codelineno-81-27" href="#__codelineno-81-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-28" name="__codelineno-81-28" href="#__codelineno-81-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-29" name="__codelineno-81-29" href="#__codelineno-81-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-30" name="__codelineno-81-30" href="#__codelineno-81-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-31" name="__codelineno-81-31" href="#__codelineno-81-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-32" name="__codelineno-81-32" href="#__codelineno-81-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-33" name="__codelineno-81-33" href="#__codelineno-81-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-34" name="__codelineno-81-34" href="#__codelineno-81-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-35" name="__codelineno-81-35" href="#__codelineno-81-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-36" name="__codelineno-81-36" href="#__codelineno-81-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-37" name="__codelineno-81-37" href="#__codelineno-81-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-38" name="__codelineno-81-38" href="#__codelineno-81-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-39" name="__codelineno-81-39" href="#__codelineno-81-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-40" name="__codelineno-81-40" href="#__codelineno-81-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-41" name="__codelineno-81-41" href="#__codelineno-81-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-42" name="__codelineno-81-42" href="#__codelineno-81-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-43" name="__codelineno-81-43" href="#__codelineno-81-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-44" name="__codelineno-81-44" href="#__codelineno-81-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-45" name="__codelineno-81-45" href="#__codelineno-81-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-46" name="__codelineno-81-46" href="#__codelineno-81-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-47" name="__codelineno-81-47" href="#__codelineno-81-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-48" name="__codelineno-81-48" href="#__codelineno-81-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-49" name="__codelineno-81-49" href="#__codelineno-81-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-50" name="__codelineno-81-50" href="#__codelineno-81-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-51" name="__codelineno-81-51" href="#__codelineno-81-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-52" name="__codelineno-81-52" href="#__codelineno-81-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-53" name="__codelineno-81-53" href="#__codelineno-81-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-54" name="__codelineno-81-54" href="#__codelineno-81-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-55" name="__codelineno-81-55" href="#__codelineno-81-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-56" name="__codelineno-81-56" href="#__codelineno-81-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-57" name="__codelineno-81-57" href="#__codelineno-81-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-58" name="__codelineno-81-58" href="#__codelineno-81-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-59" name="__codelineno-81-59" href="#__codelineno-81-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-60" name="__codelineno-81-60" href="#__codelineno-81-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-61" name="__codelineno-81-61" href="#__codelineno-81-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-62" name="__codelineno-81-62" href="#__codelineno-81-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-63" name="__codelineno-81-63" href="#__codelineno-81-63"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-64" name="__codelineno-81-64" href="#__codelineno-81-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-65" name="__codelineno-81-65" href="#__codelineno-81-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-66" name="__codelineno-81-66" href="#__codelineno-81-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-67" name="__codelineno-81-67" href="#__codelineno-81-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-68" name="__codelineno-81-68" href="#__codelineno-81-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-69" name="__codelineno-81-69" href="#__codelineno-81-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-70" name="__codelineno-81-70" href="#__codelineno-81-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-71" name="__codelineno-81-71" href="#__codelineno-81-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-72" name="__codelineno-81-72" href="#__codelineno-81-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-73" name="__codelineno-81-73" href="#__codelineno-81-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-74" name="__codelineno-81-74" href="#__codelineno-81-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-75" name="__codelineno-81-75" href="#__codelineno-81-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-76" name="__codelineno-81-76" href="#__codelineno-81-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-77" name="__codelineno-81-77" href="#__codelineno-81-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-78" name="__codelineno-81-78" href="#__codelineno-81-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-79" name="__codelineno-81-79" href="#__codelineno-81-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-80" name="__codelineno-81-80" href="#__codelineno-81-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-81" name="__codelineno-81-81" href="#__codelineno-81-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-82" name="__codelineno-81-82" href="#__codelineno-81-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-83" name="__codelineno-81-83" href="#__codelineno-81-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-84" name="__codelineno-81-84" href="#__codelineno-81-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-85" name="__codelineno-81-85" href="#__codelineno-81-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-86" name="__codelineno-81-86" href="#__codelineno-81-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-87" name="__codelineno-81-87" href="#__codelineno-81-87"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-88" name="__codelineno-81-88" href="#__codelineno-81-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-89" name="__codelineno-81-89" href="#__codelineno-81-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-90" name="__codelineno-81-90" href="#__codelineno-81-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为原数组 extend_ratio 倍的新数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-91" name="__codelineno-81-91" href="#__codelineno-81-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">new_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-92" name="__codelineno-81-92" href="#__codelineno-81-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-93" name="__codelineno-81-93" href="#__codelineno-81-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-94" name="__codelineno-81-94" href="#__codelineno-81-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">new_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-95" name="__codelineno-81-95" href="#__codelineno-81-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-96" name="__codelineno-81-96" href="#__codelineno-81-96"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-97" name="__codelineno-81-97" href="#__codelineno-81-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将列表转换为数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-98" name="__codelineno-81-98" href="#__codelineno-81-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-99" name="__codelineno-81-99" href="#__codelineno-81-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-100" name="__codelineno-81-100" href="#__codelineno-81-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-101" name="__codelineno-81-101" href="#__codelineno-81-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-102" name="__codelineno-81-102" href="#__codelineno-81-102"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-103" name="__codelineno-81-103" href="#__codelineno-81-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-104" name="__codelineno-81-104" href="#__codelineno-81-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-105" name="__codelineno-81-105" href="#__codelineno-81-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-106" name="__codelineno-81-106" href="#__codelineno-81-106"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表类简易实现 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-5" name="__codelineno-82-5" href="#__codelineno-82-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 列表大小</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-6" name="__codelineno-82-6" href="#__codelineno-82-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 列表每次扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-7" name="__codelineno-82-7" href="#__codelineno-82-7"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-8" name="__codelineno-82-8" href="#__codelineno-82-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-9" name="__codelineno-82-9" href="#__codelineno-82-9"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-10" name="__codelineno-82-10" href="#__codelineno-82-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-11" name="__codelineno-82-11" href="#__codelineno-82-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-12" name="__codelineno-82-12" href="#__codelineno-82-12"></a><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newMyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-13" name="__codelineno-82-13" href="#__codelineno-82-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-14" name="__codelineno-82-14" href="#__codelineno-82-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-15" name="__codelineno-82-15" href="#__codelineno-82-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-16" name="__codelineno-82-16" href="#__codelineno-82-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-17" name="__codelineno-82-17" href="#__codelineno-82-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-18" name="__codelineno-82-18" href="#__codelineno-82-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-19" name="__codelineno-82-19" href="#__codelineno-82-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-20" name="__codelineno-82-20" href="#__codelineno-82-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-21" name="__codelineno-82-21" href="#__codelineno-82-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 析构函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-22" name="__codelineno-82-22" href="#__codelineno-82-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delMyList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-23" name="__codelineno-82-23" href="#__codelineno-82-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-24" name="__codelineno-82-24" href="#__codelineno-82-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-25" name="__codelineno-82-25" href="#__codelineno-82-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-26" name="__codelineno-82-26" href="#__codelineno-82-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-27" name="__codelineno-82-27" href="#__codelineno-82-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取列表长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-28" name="__codelineno-82-28" href="#__codelineno-82-28"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-29" name="__codelineno-82-29" href="#__codelineno-82-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-30" name="__codelineno-82-30" href="#__codelineno-82-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-31" name="__codelineno-82-31" href="#__codelineno-82-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-32" name="__codelineno-82-32" href="#__codelineno-82-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取列表容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-33" name="__codelineno-82-33" href="#__codelineno-82-33"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-34" name="__codelineno-82-34" href="#__codelineno-82-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-35" name="__codelineno-82-35" href="#__codelineno-82-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-36" name="__codelineno-82-36" href="#__codelineno-82-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-37" name="__codelineno-82-37" href="#__codelineno-82-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-38" name="__codelineno-82-38" href="#__codelineno-82-38"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-39" name="__codelineno-82-39" href="#__codelineno-82-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-40" name="__codelineno-82-40" href="#__codelineno-82-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-41" name="__codelineno-82-41" href="#__codelineno-82-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-42" name="__codelineno-82-42" href="#__codelineno-82-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-43" name="__codelineno-82-43" href="#__codelineno-82-43"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-44" name="__codelineno-82-44" href="#__codelineno-82-44"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-45" name="__codelineno-82-45" href="#__codelineno-82-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-46" name="__codelineno-82-46" href="#__codelineno-82-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-47" name="__codelineno-82-47" href="#__codelineno-82-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-48" name="__codelineno-82-48" href="#__codelineno-82-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-49" name="__codelineno-82-49" href="#__codelineno-82-49"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾部添加元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-50" name="__codelineno-82-50" href="#__codelineno-82-50"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-51" name="__codelineno-82-51" href="#__codelineno-82-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-52" name="__codelineno-82-52" href="#__codelineno-82-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-53" name="__codelineno-82-53" href="#__codelineno-82-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-54" name="__codelineno-82-54" href="#__codelineno-82-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-55" name="__codelineno-82-55" href="#__codelineno-82-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-56" name="__codelineno-82-56" href="#__codelineno-82-56"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-57" name="__codelineno-82-57" href="#__codelineno-82-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-58" name="__codelineno-82-58" href="#__codelineno-82-58"></a><span class="cm">/* 中间插入元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-59" name="__codelineno-82-59" href="#__codelineno-82-59"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-60" name="__codelineno-82-60" href="#__codelineno-82-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-61" name="__codelineno-82-61" href="#__codelineno-82-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-62" name="__codelineno-82-62" href="#__codelineno-82-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-63" name="__codelineno-82-63" href="#__codelineno-82-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-64" name="__codelineno-82-64" href="#__codelineno-82-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-65" name="__codelineno-82-65" href="#__codelineno-82-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">--</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-66" name="__codelineno-82-66" href="#__codelineno-82-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-67" name="__codelineno-82-67" href="#__codelineno-82-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-68" name="__codelineno-82-68" href="#__codelineno-82-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-69" name="__codelineno-82-69" href="#__codelineno-82-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-70" name="__codelineno-82-70" href="#__codelineno-82-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-71" name="__codelineno-82-71" href="#__codelineno-82-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-72" name="__codelineno-82-72" href="#__codelineno-82-72"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-73" name="__codelineno-82-73" href="#__codelineno-82-73"></a><span class="c1">// 注意：stdio.h 占用了 remove 关键词</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-74" name="__codelineno-82-74" href="#__codelineno-82-74"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeNum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-75" name="__codelineno-82-75" href="#__codelineno-82-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-76" name="__codelineno-82-76" href="#__codelineno-82-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-77" name="__codelineno-82-77" href="#__codelineno-82-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-78" name="__codelineno-82-78" href="#__codelineno-82-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-79" name="__codelineno-82-79" href="#__codelineno-82-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-80" name="__codelineno-82-80" href="#__codelineno-82-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-81" name="__codelineno-82-81" href="#__codelineno-82-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-82" name="__codelineno-82-82" href="#__codelineno-82-82"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-83" name="__codelineno-82-83" href="#__codelineno-82-83"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-84" name="__codelineno-82-84" href="#__codelineno-82-84"></a><span class="cm">/* 列表扩容 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-85" name="__codelineno-82-85" href="#__codelineno-82-85"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-86" name="__codelineno-82-86" href="#__codelineno-82-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 先分配空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-87" name="__codelineno-82-87" href="#__codelineno-82-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-88" name="__codelineno-82-88" href="#__codelineno-82-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-89" name="__codelineno-82-89" href="#__codelineno-82-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-90" name="__codelineno-82-90" href="#__codelineno-82-90"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-91" name="__codelineno-82-91" href="#__codelineno-82-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 拷贝旧数据到新数据</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-92" name="__codelineno-82-92" href="#__codelineno-82-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-93" name="__codelineno-82-93" href="#__codelineno-82-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-94" name="__codelineno-82-94" href="#__codelineno-82-94"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-95" name="__codelineno-82-95" href="#__codelineno-82-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放旧数据</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-96" name="__codelineno-82-96" href="#__codelineno-82-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-97" name="__codelineno-82-97" href="#__codelineno-82-97"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-98" name="__codelineno-82-98" href="#__codelineno-82-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新新数据</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-99" name="__codelineno-82-99" href="#__codelineno-82-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-100" name="__codelineno-82-100" href="#__codelineno-82-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-101" name="__codelineno-82-101" href="#__codelineno-82-101"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-102" name="__codelineno-82-102" href="#__codelineno-82-102"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-103" name="__codelineno-82-103" href="#__codelineno-82-103"></a><span class="cm">/* 将列表转换为 Array 用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-104" name="__codelineno-82-104" href="#__codelineno-82-104"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-105" name="__codelineno-82-105" href="#__codelineno-82-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-106" name="__codelineno-82-106" href="#__codelineno-82-106"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">myList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="c1">// 列表类简易实现</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-2" name="__codelineno-83-2" href="#__codelineno-83-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-3" name="__codelineno-83-3" href="#__codelineno-83-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-4" name="__codelineno-83-4" href="#__codelineno-83-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-5" name="__codelineno-83-5" href="#__codelineno-83-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-6" name="__codelineno-83-6" href="#__codelineno-83-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                        </span><span class="c1">// 数组（存储列表元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-7" name="__codelineno-83-7" href="#__codelineno-83-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                     </span><span class="c1">// 列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-8" name="__codelineno-83-8" href="#__codelineno-83-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                           </span><span class="c1">// 列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-9" name="__codelineno-83-9" href="#__codelineno-83-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                       </span><span class="c1">// 每次列表扩容的倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-10" name="__codelineno-83-10" href="#__codelineno-83-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-11" name="__codelineno-83-11" href="#__codelineno-83-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 内存分配器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-12" name="__codelineno-83-12" href="#__codelineno-83-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-13" name="__codelineno-83-13" href="#__codelineno-83-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 构造函数（分配内存+初始化列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-14" name="__codelineno-83-14" href="#__codelineno-83-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-15" name="__codelineno-83-15" href="#__codelineno-83-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-16" name="__codelineno-83-16" href="#__codelineno-83-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-17" name="__codelineno-83-17" href="#__codelineno-83-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-18" name="__codelineno-83-18" href="#__codelineno-83-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-19" name="__codelineno-83-19" href="#__codelineno-83-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-20" name="__codelineno-83-20" href="#__codelineno-83-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-21" name="__codelineno-83-21" href="#__codelineno-83-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-22" name="__codelineno-83-22" href="#__codelineno-83-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-23" name="__codelineno-83-23" href="#__codelineno-83-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 析构函数（释放内存）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-24" name="__codelineno-83-24" href="#__codelineno-83-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-25" name="__codelineno-83-25" href="#__codelineno-83-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-26" name="__codelineno-83-26" href="#__codelineno-83-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-27" name="__codelineno-83-27" href="#__codelineno-83-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-28" name="__codelineno-83-28" href="#__codelineno-83-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-29" name="__codelineno-83-29" href="#__codelineno-83-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-30" name="__codelineno-83-30" href="#__codelineno-83-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-31" name="__codelineno-83-31" href="#__codelineno-83-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-32" name="__codelineno-83-32" href="#__codelineno-83-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-33" name="__codelineno-83-33" href="#__codelineno-83-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-34" name="__codelineno-83-34" href="#__codelineno-83-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-35" name="__codelineno-83-35" href="#__codelineno-83-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-36" name="__codelineno-83-36" href="#__codelineno-83-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-37" name="__codelineno-83-37" href="#__codelineno-83-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-38" name="__codelineno-83-38" href="#__codelineno-83-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-39" name="__codelineno-83-39" href="#__codelineno-83-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-40" name="__codelineno-83-40" href="#__codelineno-83-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-41" name="__codelineno-83-41" href="#__codelineno-83-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-42" name="__codelineno-83-42" href="#__codelineno-83-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-43" name="__codelineno-83-43" href="#__codelineno-83-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-44" name="__codelineno-83-44" href="#__codelineno-83-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-45" name="__codelineno-83-45" href="#__codelineno-83-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-46" name="__codelineno-83-46" href="#__codelineno-83-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-47" name="__codelineno-83-47" href="#__codelineno-83-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-48" name="__codelineno-83-48" href="#__codelineno-83-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-49" name="__codelineno-83-49" href="#__codelineno-83-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-50" name="__codelineno-83-50" href="#__codelineno-83-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-51" name="__codelineno-83-51" href="#__codelineno-83-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-52" name="__codelineno-83-52" href="#__codelineno-83-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-53" name="__codelineno-83-53" href="#__codelineno-83-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尾部添加元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-54" name="__codelineno-83-54" href="#__codelineno-83-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-55" name="__codelineno-83-55" href="#__codelineno-83-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-56" name="__codelineno-83-56" href="#__codelineno-83-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-57" name="__codelineno-83-57" href="#__codelineno-83-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-58" name="__codelineno-83-58" href="#__codelineno-83-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-59" name="__codelineno-83-59" href="#__codelineno-83-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-60" name="__codelineno-83-60" href="#__codelineno-83-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-61" name="__codelineno-83-61" href="#__codelineno-83-61"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-62" name="__codelineno-83-62" href="#__codelineno-83-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 中间插入元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-63" name="__codelineno-83-63" href="#__codelineno-83-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-64" name="__codelineno-83-64" href="#__codelineno-83-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-65" name="__codelineno-83-65" href="#__codelineno-83-65"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-66" name="__codelineno-83-66" href="#__codelineno-83-66"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-67" name="__codelineno-83-67" href="#__codelineno-83-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-68" name="__codelineno-83-68" href="#__codelineno-83-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-69" name="__codelineno-83-69" href="#__codelineno-83-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-70" name="__codelineno-83-70" href="#__codelineno-83-70"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-71" name="__codelineno-83-71" href="#__codelineno-83-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-72" name="__codelineno-83-72" href="#__codelineno-83-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-73" name="__codelineno-83-73" href="#__codelineno-83-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-74" name="__codelineno-83-74" href="#__codelineno-83-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-75" name="__codelineno-83-75" href="#__codelineno-83-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-76" name="__codelineno-83-76" href="#__codelineno-83-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-77" name="__codelineno-83-77" href="#__codelineno-83-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-78" name="__codelineno-83-78" href="#__codelineno-83-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-79" name="__codelineno-83-79" href="#__codelineno-83-79"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;索引越界&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-80" name="__codelineno-83-80" href="#__codelineno-83-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-81" name="__codelineno-83-81" href="#__codelineno-83-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 索引 i 之后的元素都向前移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-82" name="__codelineno-83-82" href="#__codelineno-83-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-83" name="__codelineno-83-83" href="#__codelineno-83-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-84" name="__codelineno-83-84" href="#__codelineno-83-84"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-85" name="__codelineno-83-85" href="#__codelineno-83-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-86" name="__codelineno-83-86" href="#__codelineno-83-86"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 更新元素数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-87" name="__codelineno-83-87" href="#__codelineno-83-87"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-88" name="__codelineno-83-88" href="#__codelineno-83-88"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 返回被删除元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-89" name="__codelineno-83-89" href="#__codelineno-83-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-90" name="__codelineno-83-90" href="#__codelineno-83-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-91" name="__codelineno-83-91" href="#__codelineno-83-91"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-92" name="__codelineno-83-92" href="#__codelineno-83-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 列表扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-93" name="__codelineno-83-93" href="#__codelineno-83-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-94" name="__codelineno-83-94" href="#__codelineno-83-94"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 新建一个长度为 size * extendRatio 的数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-95" name="__codelineno-83-95" href="#__codelineno-83-95"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-96" name="__codelineno-83-96" href="#__codelineno-83-96"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-97" name="__codelineno-83-97" href="#__codelineno-83-97"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-98" name="__codelineno-83-98" href="#__codelineno-83-98"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-99" name="__codelineno-83-99" href="#__codelineno-83-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-100" name="__codelineno-83-100" href="#__codelineno-83-100"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-101" name="__codelineno-83-101" href="#__codelineno-83-101"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 更新列表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-102" name="__codelineno-83-102" href="#__codelineno-83-102"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">numsCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-103" name="__codelineno-83-103" href="#__codelineno-83-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-104" name="__codelineno-83-104" href="#__codelineno-83-104"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-105" name="__codelineno-83-105" href="#__codelineno-83-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将列表转换为数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-106" name="__codelineno-83-106" href="#__codelineno-83-106"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-107" name="__codelineno-83-107" href="#__codelineno-83-107"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-108" name="__codelineno-83-108" href="#__codelineno-83-108"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-109" name="__codelineno-83-109" href="#__codelineno-83-109"></a><span class="w">           </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-110" name="__codelineno-83-110" href="#__codelineno-83-110"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">..)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|*</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-111" name="__codelineno-83-111" href="#__codelineno-83-111"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-112" name="__codelineno-83-112" href="#__codelineno-83-112"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-113" name="__codelineno-83-113" href="#__codelineno-83-113"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-114" name="__codelineno-83-114" href="#__codelineno-83-114"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-115" name="__codelineno-83-115" href="#__codelineno-83-115"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-116" name="__codelineno-83-116" href="#__codelineno-83-116"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5428,7 +4268,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
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@@ -5494,31 +4339,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
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+          
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+              
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                4.2 &nbsp; 链表
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+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 4.4 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -5528,14 +4390,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/index.html b/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/index.html
index b6c7c35ab..7de750eda 100644
--- a/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/index.html
+++ b/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
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+      </ul>
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+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3440,7 +3460,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3506,31 +3531,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../list/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 4.3 &amp;nbsp; 列表" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                4.3 &nbsp; 列表
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+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 第 5 章 &amp;nbsp; 栈与队列" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                第 5 章 &nbsp; 栈与队列
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
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+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3540,14 +3582,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/index.html b/chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/index.html
index 77f27ddf2..583ff129e 100644
--- a/chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/index.html
+++ b/chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
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+          </li>
+        
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+    </div>
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+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3376,152 +3396,43 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;前序遍历：例题一&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="c1"># 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题一 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题一 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">preorder_traversal_i_compact</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题一 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preorder_traversal_i_compact</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题一 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrderI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">).(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrderI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrderI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrderI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题一 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">7</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>        <span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题一 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题一 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题一 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题一 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_i_compact.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3549,226 +3460,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;前序遍历：例题二&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="c1"># 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>    <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>    <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>    <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">preorder_traversal_ii_compact</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preorder_traversal_ii_compact</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrderII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrderII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrderII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrderII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">7</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>        <span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>    <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>    <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>    <span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[][]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题二 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">newPath</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newPath</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newPath</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vectorPopback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_ii_compact.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3828,237 +3560,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;前序遍历：例题三&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>        <span class="c1"># 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>    <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>    <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>    <span class="c1"># 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>    <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">preorder_traversal_iii_compact</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preorder_traversal_iii_compact</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrderIII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrderIII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrderIII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrderIII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">7</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>        <span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>    <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>    <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>    <span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>    <span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[][]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">newPath</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newPath</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newPath</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">depth</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vectorPopback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_compact.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4346,543 +3888,157 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;判断当前状态是否为解&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">state</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">7</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">is_solution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">record_solution</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">record_solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;记录解&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">is_valid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">make_choice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-9" name="__codelineno-48-9" href="#__codelineno-48-9"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_valid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-10" name="__codelineno-48-10" href="#__codelineno-48-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-11" name="__codelineno-48-11" href="#__codelineno-48-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-12" name="__codelineno-48-12" href="#__codelineno-48-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-13" name="__codelineno-48-13" href="#__codelineno-48-13"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">make_choice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-14" name="__codelineno-48-14" href="#__codelineno-48-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;更新状态&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-15" name="__codelineno-48-15" href="#__codelineno-48-15"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-16" name="__codelineno-48-16" href="#__codelineno-48-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-17" name="__codelineno-48-17" href="#__codelineno-48-17"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">undo_choice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-18" name="__codelineno-48-18" href="#__codelineno-48-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;恢复状态&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-19" name="__codelineno-48-19" href="#__codelineno-48-19"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-20" name="__codelineno-48-20" href="#__codelineno-48-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-21" name="__codelineno-48-21" href="#__codelineno-48-21"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-22" name="__codelineno-48-22" href="#__codelineno-48-22"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-23" name="__codelineno-48-23" href="#__codelineno-48-23"></a><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-24" name="__codelineno-48-24" href="#__codelineno-48-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;回溯算法：例题三&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-25" name="__codelineno-48-25" href="#__codelineno-48-25"></a>    <span class="c1"># 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-26" name="__codelineno-48-26" href="#__codelineno-48-26"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">is_solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-27" name="__codelineno-48-27" href="#__codelineno-48-27"></a>        <span class="c1"># 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-28" name="__codelineno-48-28" href="#__codelineno-48-28"></a>        <span class="n">record_solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-29" name="__codelineno-48-29" href="#__codelineno-48-29"></a>    <span class="c1"># 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-30" name="__codelineno-48-30" href="#__codelineno-48-30"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-31" name="__codelineno-48-31" href="#__codelineno-48-31"></a>        <span class="c1"># 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-32" name="__codelineno-48-32" href="#__codelineno-48-32"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">is_valid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-33" name="__codelineno-48-33" href="#__codelineno-48-33"></a>            <span class="c1"># 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-34" name="__codelineno-48-34" href="#__codelineno-48-34"></a>            <span class="n">make_choice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-35" name="__codelineno-48-35" href="#__codelineno-48-35"></a>            <span class="c1"># 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-36" name="__codelineno-48-36" href="#__codelineno-48-36"></a>            <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-37" name="__codelineno-48-37" href="#__codelineno-48-37"></a>            <span class="c1"># 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-38" name="__codelineno-48-38" href="#__codelineno-48-38"></a>            <span class="n">undo_choice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-9" name="__codelineno-48-9" href="#__codelineno-48-9"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">undo_choice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-10" name="__codelineno-48-10" href="#__codelineno-48-10"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-11" name="__codelineno-48-11" href="#__codelineno-48-11"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">back</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-49-10" name="__codelineno-49-10" href="#__codelineno-49-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-11" name="__codelineno-49-11" href="#__codelineno-49-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-12" name="__codelineno-49-12" href="#__codelineno-49-12"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-13" name="__codelineno-49-13" href="#__codelineno-49-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-14" name="__codelineno-49-14" href="#__codelineno-49-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-15" name="__codelineno-49-15" href="#__codelineno-49-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-16" name="__codelineno-49-16" href="#__codelineno-49-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-17" name="__codelineno-49-17" href="#__codelineno-49-17"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-18" name="__codelineno-49-18" href="#__codelineno-49-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-19" name="__codelineno-49-19" href="#__codelineno-49-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-20" name="__codelineno-49-20" href="#__codelineno-49-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-21" name="__codelineno-49-21" href="#__codelineno-49-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-22" name="__codelineno-49-22" href="#__codelineno-49-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-23" name="__codelineno-49-23" href="#__codelineno-49-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-24" name="__codelineno-49-24" href="#__codelineno-49-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-25" name="__codelineno-49-25" href="#__codelineno-49-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-26" name="__codelineno-49-26" href="#__codelineno-49-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-27" name="__codelineno-49-27" href="#__codelineno-49-27"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-28" name="__codelineno-49-28" href="#__codelineno-49-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-29" name="__codelineno-49-29" href="#__codelineno-49-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-30" name="__codelineno-49-30" href="#__codelineno-49-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-31" name="__codelineno-49-31" href="#__codelineno-49-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-32" name="__codelineno-49-32" href="#__codelineno-49-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-33" name="__codelineno-49-33" href="#__codelineno-49-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-34" name="__codelineno-49-34" href="#__codelineno-49-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-35" name="__codelineno-49-35" href="#__codelineno-49-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-36" name="__codelineno-49-36" href="#__codelineno-49-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-37" name="__codelineno-49-37" href="#__codelineno-49-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-38" name="__codelineno-49-38" href="#__codelineno-49-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-39" name="__codelineno-49-39" href="#__codelineno-49-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-40" name="__codelineno-49-40" href="#__codelineno-49-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nextChoices</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-41" name="__codelineno-49-41" href="#__codelineno-49-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nextChoices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-42" name="__codelineno-49-42" href="#__codelineno-49-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-43" name="__codelineno-49-43" href="#__codelineno-49-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-44" name="__codelineno-49-44" href="#__codelineno-49-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-45" name="__codelineno-49-45" href="#__codelineno-49-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-46" name="__codelineno-49-46" href="#__codelineno-49-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-11" name="__codelineno-49-11" href="#__codelineno-49-11"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-11" name="__codelineno-50-11" href="#__codelineno-50-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-12" name="__codelineno-50-12" href="#__codelineno-50-12"></a><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-13" name="__codelineno-50-13" href="#__codelineno-50-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-14" name="__codelineno-50-14" href="#__codelineno-50-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-15" name="__codelineno-50-15" href="#__codelineno-50-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-16" name="__codelineno-50-16" href="#__codelineno-50-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-17" name="__codelineno-50-17" href="#__codelineno-50-17"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-18" name="__codelineno-50-18" href="#__codelineno-50-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-19" name="__codelineno-50-19" href="#__codelineno-50-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-20" name="__codelineno-50-20" href="#__codelineno-50-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-21" name="__codelineno-50-21" href="#__codelineno-50-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-22" name="__codelineno-50-22" href="#__codelineno-50-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-23" name="__codelineno-50-23" href="#__codelineno-50-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-24" name="__codelineno-50-24" href="#__codelineno-50-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-25" name="__codelineno-50-25" href="#__codelineno-50-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-26" name="__codelineno-50-26" href="#__codelineno-50-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-27" name="__codelineno-50-27" href="#__codelineno-50-27"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-28" name="__codelineno-50-28" href="#__codelineno-50-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-29" name="__codelineno-50-29" href="#__codelineno-50-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-30" name="__codelineno-50-30" href="#__codelineno-50-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-31" name="__codelineno-50-31" href="#__codelineno-50-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-32" name="__codelineno-50-32" href="#__codelineno-50-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-33" name="__codelineno-50-33" href="#__codelineno-50-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-34" name="__codelineno-50-34" href="#__codelineno-50-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-35" name="__codelineno-50-35" href="#__codelineno-50-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-36" name="__codelineno-50-36" href="#__codelineno-50-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-37" name="__codelineno-50-37" href="#__codelineno-50-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-38" name="__codelineno-50-38" href="#__codelineno-50-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-39" name="__codelineno-50-39" href="#__codelineno-50-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-40" name="__codelineno-50-40" href="#__codelineno-50-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">asList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-41" name="__codelineno-50-41" href="#__codelineno-50-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-42" name="__codelineno-50-42" href="#__codelineno-50-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-43" name="__codelineno-50-43" href="#__codelineno-50-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-44" name="__codelineno-50-44" href="#__codelineno-50-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-45" name="__codelineno-50-45" href="#__codelineno-50-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-11" name="__codelineno-50-11" href="#__codelineno-50-11"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">^</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-13" name="__codelineno-51-13" href="#__codelineno-51-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-14" name="__codelineno-51-14" href="#__codelineno-51-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-15" name="__codelineno-51-15" href="#__codelineno-51-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-16" name="__codelineno-51-16" href="#__codelineno-51-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-17" name="__codelineno-51-17" href="#__codelineno-51-17"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-18" name="__codelineno-51-18" href="#__codelineno-51-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-19" name="__codelineno-51-19" href="#__codelineno-51-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-20" name="__codelineno-51-20" href="#__codelineno-51-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-21" name="__codelineno-51-21" href="#__codelineno-51-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-22" name="__codelineno-51-22" href="#__codelineno-51-22"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-23" name="__codelineno-51-23" href="#__codelineno-51-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-24" name="__codelineno-51-24" href="#__codelineno-51-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-25" name="__codelineno-51-25" href="#__codelineno-51-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-26" name="__codelineno-51-26" href="#__codelineno-51-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-27" name="__codelineno-51-27" href="#__codelineno-51-27"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-28" name="__codelineno-51-28" href="#__codelineno-51-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-29" name="__codelineno-51-29" href="#__codelineno-51-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-30" name="__codelineno-51-30" href="#__codelineno-51-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-31" name="__codelineno-51-31" href="#__codelineno-51-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-32" name="__codelineno-51-32" href="#__codelineno-51-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-33" name="__codelineno-51-33" href="#__codelineno-51-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-34" name="__codelineno-51-34" href="#__codelineno-51-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-35" name="__codelineno-51-35" href="#__codelineno-51-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-36" name="__codelineno-51-36" href="#__codelineno-51-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-37" name="__codelineno-51-37" href="#__codelineno-51-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-38" name="__codelineno-51-38" href="#__codelineno-51-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-39" name="__codelineno-51-39" href="#__codelineno-51-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-40" name="__codelineno-51-40" href="#__codelineno-51-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-41" name="__codelineno-51-41" href="#__codelineno-51-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-42" name="__codelineno-51-42" href="#__codelineno-51-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-43" name="__codelineno-51-43" href="#__codelineno-51-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-44" name="__codelineno-51-44" href="#__codelineno-51-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-45" name="__codelineno-51-45" href="#__codelineno-51-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preorder_traversal_iii_template</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">isSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">recordSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">isValid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">makeChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">undoChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-12" name="__codelineno-52-12" href="#__codelineno-52-12"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-13" name="__codelineno-52-13" href="#__codelineno-52-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-14" name="__codelineno-52-14" href="#__codelineno-52-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-15" name="__codelineno-52-15" href="#__codelineno-52-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-16" name="__codelineno-52-16" href="#__codelineno-52-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-17" name="__codelineno-52-17" href="#__codelineno-52-17"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-18" name="__codelineno-52-18" href="#__codelineno-52-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-19" name="__codelineno-52-19" href="#__codelineno-52-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-20" name="__codelineno-52-20" href="#__codelineno-52-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-21" name="__codelineno-52-21" href="#__codelineno-52-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-22" name="__codelineno-52-22" href="#__codelineno-52-22"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-23" name="__codelineno-52-23" href="#__codelineno-52-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-24" name="__codelineno-52-24" href="#__codelineno-52-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-25" name="__codelineno-52-25" href="#__codelineno-52-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-26" name="__codelineno-52-26" href="#__codelineno-52-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-27" name="__codelineno-52-27" href="#__codelineno-52-27"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrackIII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-28" name="__codelineno-52-28" href="#__codelineno-52-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-29" name="__codelineno-52-29" href="#__codelineno-52-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-30" name="__codelineno-52-30" href="#__codelineno-52-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-31" name="__codelineno-52-31" href="#__codelineno-52-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-32" name="__codelineno-52-32" href="#__codelineno-52-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-33" name="__codelineno-52-33" href="#__codelineno-52-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-34" name="__codelineno-52-34" href="#__codelineno-52-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-35" name="__codelineno-52-35" href="#__codelineno-52-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-36" name="__codelineno-52-36" href="#__codelineno-52-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-37" name="__codelineno-52-37" href="#__codelineno-52-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-38" name="__codelineno-52-38" href="#__codelineno-52-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-39" name="__codelineno-52-39" href="#__codelineno-52-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-40" name="__codelineno-52-40" href="#__codelineno-52-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-41" name="__codelineno-52-41" href="#__codelineno-52-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-42" name="__codelineno-52-42" href="#__codelineno-52-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrackIII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-43" name="__codelineno-52-43" href="#__codelineno-52-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-44" name="__codelineno-52-44" href="#__codelineno-52-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-45" name="__codelineno-52-45" href="#__codelineno-52-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-46" name="__codelineno-52-46" href="#__codelineno-52-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-47" name="__codelineno-52-47" href="#__codelineno-52-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrackIII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">last</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">7</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-53-10" name="__codelineno-53-10" href="#__codelineno-53-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-12" name="__codelineno-53-12" href="#__codelineno-53-12"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-13" name="__codelineno-53-13" href="#__codelineno-53-13"></a>    <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-14" name="__codelineno-53-14" href="#__codelineno-53-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-15" name="__codelineno-53-15" href="#__codelineno-53-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-16" name="__codelineno-53-16" href="#__codelineno-53-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-17" name="__codelineno-53-17" href="#__codelineno-53-17"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-18" name="__codelineno-53-18" href="#__codelineno-53-18"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-19" name="__codelineno-53-19" href="#__codelineno-53-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-20" name="__codelineno-53-20" href="#__codelineno-53-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-21" name="__codelineno-53-21" href="#__codelineno-53-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-22" name="__codelineno-53-22" href="#__codelineno-53-22"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-23" name="__codelineno-53-23" href="#__codelineno-53-23"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-24" name="__codelineno-53-24" href="#__codelineno-53-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-25" name="__codelineno-53-25" href="#__codelineno-53-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-26" name="__codelineno-53-26" href="#__codelineno-53-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-27" name="__codelineno-53-27" href="#__codelineno-53-27"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-28" name="__codelineno-53-28" href="#__codelineno-53-28"></a>    <span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-29" name="__codelineno-53-29" href="#__codelineno-53-29"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-30" name="__codelineno-53-30" href="#__codelineno-53-30"></a>        <span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-31" name="__codelineno-53-31" href="#__codelineno-53-31"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-32" name="__codelineno-53-32" href="#__codelineno-53-32"></a>    <span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-33" name="__codelineno-53-33" href="#__codelineno-53-33"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">choices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-34" name="__codelineno-53-34" href="#__codelineno-53-34"></a>        <span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-35" name="__codelineno-53-35" href="#__codelineno-53-35"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-36" name="__codelineno-53-36" href="#__codelineno-53-36"></a>            <span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-37" name="__codelineno-53-37" href="#__codelineno-53-37"></a>            <span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-38" name="__codelineno-53-38" href="#__codelineno-53-38"></a>            <span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-39" name="__codelineno-53-39" href="#__codelineno-53-39"></a>            <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">compactMap</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-40" name="__codelineno-53-40" href="#__codelineno-53-40"></a>            <span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-41" name="__codelineno-53-41" href="#__codelineno-53-41"></a>            <span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-42" name="__codelineno-53-42" href="#__codelineno-53-42"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-43" name="__codelineno-53-43" href="#__codelineno-53-43"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-44" name="__codelineno-53-44" href="#__codelineno-53-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">isSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">recordSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">isValid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">makeChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">undoChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-12" name="__codelineno-54-12" href="#__codelineno-54-12"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-13" name="__codelineno-54-13" href="#__codelineno-54-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-14" name="__codelineno-54-14" href="#__codelineno-54-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-15" name="__codelineno-54-15" href="#__codelineno-54-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-16" name="__codelineno-54-16" href="#__codelineno-54-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-17" name="__codelineno-54-17" href="#__codelineno-54-17"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-18" name="__codelineno-54-18" href="#__codelineno-54-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-19" name="__codelineno-54-19" href="#__codelineno-54-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-20" name="__codelineno-54-20" href="#__codelineno-54-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-21" name="__codelineno-54-21" href="#__codelineno-54-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-22" name="__codelineno-54-22" href="#__codelineno-54-22"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-23" name="__codelineno-54-23" href="#__codelineno-54-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-24" name="__codelineno-54-24" href="#__codelineno-54-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-25" name="__codelineno-54-25" href="#__codelineno-54-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-26" name="__codelineno-54-26" href="#__codelineno-54-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-27" name="__codelineno-54-27" href="#__codelineno-54-27"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-28" name="__codelineno-54-28" href="#__codelineno-54-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-29" name="__codelineno-54-29" href="#__codelineno-54-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-30" name="__codelineno-54-30" href="#__codelineno-54-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-31" name="__codelineno-54-31" href="#__codelineno-54-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-32" name="__codelineno-54-32" href="#__codelineno-54-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-33" name="__codelineno-54-33" href="#__codelineno-54-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-34" name="__codelineno-54-34" href="#__codelineno-54-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-35" name="__codelineno-54-35" href="#__codelineno-54-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-36" name="__codelineno-54-36" href="#__codelineno-54-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-37" name="__codelineno-54-37" href="#__codelineno-54-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-38" name="__codelineno-54-38" href="#__codelineno-54-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-39" name="__codelineno-54-39" href="#__codelineno-54-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-40" name="__codelineno-54-40" href="#__codelineno-54-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-41" name="__codelineno-54-41" href="#__codelineno-54-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-42" name="__codelineno-54-42" href="#__codelineno-54-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-43" name="__codelineno-54-43" href="#__codelineno-54-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-44" name="__codelineno-54-44" href="#__codelineno-54-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-45" name="__codelineno-54-45" href="#__codelineno-54-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[][])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">isSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">recordSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">isValid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">makeChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">undoChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-12" name="__codelineno-55-12" href="#__codelineno-55-12"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-13" name="__codelineno-55-13" href="#__codelineno-55-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-14" name="__codelineno-55-14" href="#__codelineno-55-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-15" name="__codelineno-55-15" href="#__codelineno-55-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-16" name="__codelineno-55-16" href="#__codelineno-55-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-17" name="__codelineno-55-17" href="#__codelineno-55-17"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-18" name="__codelineno-55-18" href="#__codelineno-55-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-19" name="__codelineno-55-19" href="#__codelineno-55-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-20" name="__codelineno-55-20" href="#__codelineno-55-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-21" name="__codelineno-55-21" href="#__codelineno-55-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-22" name="__codelineno-55-22" href="#__codelineno-55-22"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-23" name="__codelineno-55-23" href="#__codelineno-55-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-24" name="__codelineno-55-24" href="#__codelineno-55-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-25" name="__codelineno-55-25" href="#__codelineno-55-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-26" name="__codelineno-55-26" href="#__codelineno-55-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-27" name="__codelineno-55-27" href="#__codelineno-55-27"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-28" name="__codelineno-55-28" href="#__codelineno-55-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-29" name="__codelineno-55-29" href="#__codelineno-55-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-30" name="__codelineno-55-30" href="#__codelineno-55-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">[][]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-31" name="__codelineno-55-31" href="#__codelineno-55-31"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-32" name="__codelineno-55-32" href="#__codelineno-55-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-33" name="__codelineno-55-33" href="#__codelineno-55-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-34" name="__codelineno-55-34" href="#__codelineno-55-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-35" name="__codelineno-55-35" href="#__codelineno-55-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-36" name="__codelineno-55-36" href="#__codelineno-55-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-37" name="__codelineno-55-37" href="#__codelineno-55-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-38" name="__codelineno-55-38" href="#__codelineno-55-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-39" name="__codelineno-55-39" href="#__codelineno-55-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-40" name="__codelineno-55-40" href="#__codelineno-55-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-41" name="__codelineno-55-41" href="#__codelineno-55-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-42" name="__codelineno-55-42" href="#__codelineno-55-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-43" name="__codelineno-55-43" href="#__codelineno-55-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-44" name="__codelineno-55-44" href="#__codelineno-55-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-45" name="__codelineno-55-45" href="#__codelineno-55-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-46" name="__codelineno-55-46" href="#__codelineno-55-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-47" name="__codelineno-55-47" href="#__codelineno-55-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-48" name="__codelineno-55-48" href="#__codelineno-55-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-49" name="__codelineno-55-49" href="#__codelineno-55-49"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isNotEmpty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-56-10" name="__codelineno-56-10" href="#__codelineno-56-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-12" name="__codelineno-56-12" href="#__codelineno-56-12"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-13" name="__codelineno-56-13" href="#__codelineno-56-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-14" name="__codelineno-56-14" href="#__codelineno-56-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-15" name="__codelineno-56-15" href="#__codelineno-56-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-16" name="__codelineno-56-16" href="#__codelineno-56-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-17" name="__codelineno-56-17" href="#__codelineno-56-17"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-18" name="__codelineno-56-18" href="#__codelineno-56-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-19" name="__codelineno-56-19" href="#__codelineno-56-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-20" name="__codelineno-56-20" href="#__codelineno-56-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-21" name="__codelineno-56-21" href="#__codelineno-56-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-22" name="__codelineno-56-22" href="#__codelineno-56-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-23" name="__codelineno-56-23" href="#__codelineno-56-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-24" name="__codelineno-56-24" href="#__codelineno-56-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-25" name="__codelineno-56-25" href="#__codelineno-56-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-26" name="__codelineno-56-26" href="#__codelineno-56-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-27" name="__codelineno-56-27" href="#__codelineno-56-27"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-28" name="__codelineno-56-28" href="#__codelineno-56-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-29" name="__codelineno-56-29" href="#__codelineno-56-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-30" name="__codelineno-56-30" href="#__codelineno-56-30"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-31" name="__codelineno-56-31" href="#__codelineno-56-31"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-32" name="__codelineno-56-32" href="#__codelineno-56-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-33" name="__codelineno-56-33" href="#__codelineno-56-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-34" name="__codelineno-56-34" href="#__codelineno-56-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-35" name="__codelineno-56-35" href="#__codelineno-56-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-36" name="__codelineno-56-36" href="#__codelineno-56-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-37" name="__codelineno-56-37" href="#__codelineno-56-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-38" name="__codelineno-56-38" href="#__codelineno-56-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-39" name="__codelineno-56-39" href="#__codelineno-56-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-40" name="__codelineno-56-40" href="#__codelineno-56-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-41" name="__codelineno-56-41" href="#__codelineno-56-41"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-42" name="__codelineno-56-42" href="#__codelineno-56-42"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-43" name="__codelineno-56-43" href="#__codelineno-56-43"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-44" name="__codelineno-56-44" href="#__codelineno-56-44"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-45" name="__codelineno-56-45" href="#__codelineno-56-45"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-46" name="__codelineno-56-46" href="#__codelineno-56-46"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-47" name="__codelineno-56-47" href="#__codelineno-56-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-48" name="__codelineno-56-48" href="#__codelineno-56-48"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-49" name="__codelineno-56-49" href="#__codelineno-56-49"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">is_solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">record_solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">is_solution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">record_solution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">is_valid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">make_choice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">undo_choice</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-12" name="__codelineno-57-12" href="#__codelineno-57-12"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">is_valid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span>: <span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-13" name="__codelineno-57-13" href="#__codelineno-57-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-14" name="__codelineno-57-14" href="#__codelineno-57-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-15" name="__codelineno-57-15" href="#__codelineno-57-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-16" name="__codelineno-57-16" href="#__codelineno-57-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-17" name="__codelineno-57-17" href="#__codelineno-57-17"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">make_choice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span>: <span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-18" name="__codelineno-57-18" href="#__codelineno-57-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-19" name="__codelineno-57-19" href="#__codelineno-57-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-20" name="__codelineno-57-20" href="#__codelineno-57-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-21" name="__codelineno-57-21" href="#__codelineno-57-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-22" name="__codelineno-57-22" href="#__codelineno-57-22"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">undo_choice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span>: <span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-23" name="__codelineno-57-23" href="#__codelineno-57-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-24" name="__codelineno-57-24" href="#__codelineno-57-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-25" name="__codelineno-57-25" href="#__codelineno-57-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-26" name="__codelineno-57-26" href="#__codelineno-57-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-27" name="__codelineno-57-27" href="#__codelineno-57-27"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-28" name="__codelineno-57-28" href="#__codelineno-57-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-29" name="__codelineno-57-29" href="#__codelineno-57-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">is_solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-30" name="__codelineno-57-30" href="#__codelineno-57-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-31" name="__codelineno-57-31" href="#__codelineno-57-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">record_solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-32" name="__codelineno-57-32" href="#__codelineno-57-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-33" name="__codelineno-57-33" href="#__codelineno-57-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-34" name="__codelineno-57-34" href="#__codelineno-57-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-35" name="__codelineno-57-35" href="#__codelineno-57-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-36" name="__codelineno-57-36" href="#__codelineno-57-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">is_valid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-37" name="__codelineno-57-37" href="#__codelineno-57-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-38" name="__codelineno-57-38" href="#__codelineno-57-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">make_choice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-39" name="__codelineno-57-39" href="#__codelineno-57-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-40" name="__codelineno-57-40" href="#__codelineno-57-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">()],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-41" name="__codelineno-57-41" href="#__codelineno-57-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-42" name="__codelineno-57-42" href="#__codelineno-57-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">undo_choice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-43" name="__codelineno-57-43" href="#__codelineno-57-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-44" name="__codelineno-57-44" href="#__codelineno-57-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-45" name="__codelineno-57-45" href="#__codelineno-57-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 记录解 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">newPath</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newPath</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-11" name="__codelineno-58-11" href="#__codelineno-58-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-12" name="__codelineno-58-12" href="#__codelineno-58-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newPath</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-13" name="__codelineno-58-13" href="#__codelineno-58-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-14" name="__codelineno-58-14" href="#__codelineno-58-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-15" name="__codelineno-58-15" href="#__codelineno-58-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断在当前状态下，该选择是否合法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-16" name="__codelineno-58-16" href="#__codelineno-58-16"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-17" name="__codelineno-58-17" href="#__codelineno-58-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-18" name="__codelineno-58-18" href="#__codelineno-58-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-19" name="__codelineno-58-19" href="#__codelineno-58-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-20" name="__codelineno-58-20" href="#__codelineno-58-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-21" name="__codelineno-58-21" href="#__codelineno-58-21"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-22" name="__codelineno-58-22" href="#__codelineno-58-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-23" name="__codelineno-58-23" href="#__codelineno-58-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-24" name="__codelineno-58-24" href="#__codelineno-58-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-25" name="__codelineno-58-25" href="#__codelineno-58-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 恢复状态 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-26" name="__codelineno-58-26" href="#__codelineno-58-26"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-27" name="__codelineno-58-27" href="#__codelineno-58-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vectorPopback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-28" name="__codelineno-58-28" href="#__codelineno-58-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-29" name="__codelineno-58-29" href="#__codelineno-58-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-30" name="__codelineno-58-30" href="#__codelineno-58-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：例题三 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-31" name="__codelineno-58-31" href="#__codelineno-58-31"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-32" name="__codelineno-58-32" href="#__codelineno-58-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 检查是否为解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-33" name="__codelineno-58-33" href="#__codelineno-58-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-34" name="__codelineno-58-34" href="#__codelineno-58-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-35" name="__codelineno-58-35" href="#__codelineno-58-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-36" name="__codelineno-58-36" href="#__codelineno-58-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-37" name="__codelineno-58-37" href="#__codelineno-58-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-38" name="__codelineno-58-38" href="#__codelineno-58-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-39" name="__codelineno-58-39" href="#__codelineno-58-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-40" name="__codelineno-58-40" href="#__codelineno-58-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-41" name="__codelineno-58-41" href="#__codelineno-58-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：检查选择是否合法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-42" name="__codelineno-58-42" href="#__codelineno-58-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-43" name="__codelineno-58-43" href="#__codelineno-58-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-44" name="__codelineno-58-44" href="#__codelineno-58-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-45" name="__codelineno-58-45" href="#__codelineno-58-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-46" name="__codelineno-58-46" href="#__codelineno-58-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nextChoices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-47" name="__codelineno-58-47" href="#__codelineno-58-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nextChoices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-48" name="__codelineno-58-48" href="#__codelineno-58-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nextChoices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-49" name="__codelineno-58-49" href="#__codelineno-58-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nextChoices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-50" name="__codelineno-58-50" href="#__codelineno-58-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-51" name="__codelineno-58-51" href="#__codelineno-58-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-52" name="__codelineno-58-52" href="#__codelineno-58-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-53" name="__codelineno-58-53" href="#__codelineno-58-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-54" name="__codelineno-58-54" href="#__codelineno-58-54"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">preorder_traversal_iii_template.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recordSolution</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">isValid</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">makeChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">undoChoice</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-11" name="__codelineno-58-11" href="#__codelineno-58-11"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -5062,7 +4218,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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@@ -3332,7 +3352,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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+        <footer class="md-footer">
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+            </div>
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
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+          
+          <a href="backtracking_algorithm/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 13.1 &amp;nbsp; 回溯算法" rel="next">
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+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                13.1 &nbsp; 回溯算法
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -3432,14 +3474,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/index.html b/chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/index.html
index f542ded89..e7feb3d53 100644
--- a/chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/index.html
+++ b/chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
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+        
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+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
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@@ -3357,529 +3377,63 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>    <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]]],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;回溯算法：N 皇后&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="c1"># 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="c1"># 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">col</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>        <span class="c1"># 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>        <span class="n">diag1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">col</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>        <span class="n">diag2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">col</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>        <span class="c1"># 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>            <span class="c1"># 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Q&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>            <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>            <span class="c1"># 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a>            <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-27" name="__codelineno-0-27" href="#__codelineno-0-27"></a>            <span class="c1"># 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;#&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-29" name="__codelineno-0-29" href="#__codelineno-0-29"></a>            <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-30" name="__codelineno-0-30" href="#__codelineno-0-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-31" name="__codelineno-0-31" href="#__codelineno-0-31"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">n_queens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]]]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-32" name="__codelineno-0-32" href="#__codelineno-0-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;求解 N 皇后&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-33" name="__codelineno-0-33" href="#__codelineno-0-33"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-34" name="__codelineno-0-34" href="#__codelineno-0-34"></a>    <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="s2">&quot;#&quot;</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-35" name="__codelineno-0-35" href="#__codelineno-0-35"></a>    <span class="n">cols</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>  <span class="c1"># 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-36" name="__codelineno-0-36" href="#__codelineno-0-36"></a>    <span class="n">diags1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 记录主对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-37" name="__codelineno-0-37" href="#__codelineno-0-37"></a>    <span class="n">diags2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 记录副对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-38" name="__codelineno-0-38" href="#__codelineno-0-38"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-39" name="__codelineno-0-39" href="#__codelineno-0-39"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-40" name="__codelineno-0-40" href="#__codelineno-0-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-41" name="__codelineno-0-41" href="#__codelineno-0-41"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">n_queens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">               </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Q&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33" href="#__codelineno-1-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-34" name="__codelineno-1-34" href="#__codelineno-1-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录副对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-35" name="__codelineno-1-35" href="#__codelineno-1-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-36" name="__codelineno-1-36" href="#__codelineno-1-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-37" name="__codelineno-1-37" href="#__codelineno-1-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-38" name="__codelineno-1-38" href="#__codelineno-1-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-39" name="__codelineno-1-39" href="#__codelineno-1-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-40" name="__codelineno-1-40" href="#__codelineno-1-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nQueens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">copyState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sRow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">copyState</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sRow</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">copyState</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Q&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-34" name="__codelineno-2-34" href="#__codelineno-2-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-35" name="__codelineno-2-35" href="#__codelineno-2-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-36" name="__codelineno-2-36" href="#__codelineno-2-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-37" name="__codelineno-2-37" href="#__codelineno-2-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-38" name="__codelineno-2-38" href="#__codelineno-2-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-39" name="__codelineno-2-39" href="#__codelineno-2-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-40" name="__codelineno-2-40" href="#__codelineno-2-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-41" name="__codelineno-2-41" href="#__codelineno-2-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-42" name="__codelineno-2-42" href="#__codelineno-2-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-43" name="__codelineno-2-43" href="#__codelineno-2-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-44" name="__codelineno-2-44" href="#__codelineno-2-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-45" name="__codelineno-2-45" href="#__codelineno-2-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录副对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-46" name="__codelineno-2-46" href="#__codelineno-2-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-47" name="__codelineno-2-47" href="#__codelineno-2-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-48" name="__codelineno-2-48" href="#__codelineno-2-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-49" name="__codelineno-2-49" href="#__codelineno-2-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-50" name="__codelineno-2-50" href="#__codelineno-2-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-51" name="__codelineno-2-51" href="#__codelineno-2-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">n_queens</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">n_queens</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">nQueens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">copyState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sRow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">copyState</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sRow</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">copyState</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Q&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-31" name="__codelineno-3-31" href="#__codelineno-3-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-32" name="__codelineno-3-32" href="#__codelineno-3-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-37" name="__codelineno-3-37" href="#__codelineno-3-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-38" name="__codelineno-3-38" href="#__codelineno-3-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-39" name="__codelineno-3-39" href="#__codelineno-3-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-40" name="__codelineno-3-40" href="#__codelineno-3-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-41" name="__codelineno-3-41" href="#__codelineno-3-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-42" name="__codelineno-3-42" href="#__codelineno-3-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-43" name="__codelineno-3-43" href="#__codelineno-3-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-44" name="__codelineno-3-44" href="#__codelineno-3-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-45" name="__codelineno-3-45" href="#__codelineno-3-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录副对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-46" name="__codelineno-3-46" href="#__codelineno-3-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-47" name="__codelineno-3-47" href="#__codelineno-3-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-48" name="__codelineno-3-48" href="#__codelineno-3-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-49" name="__codelineno-3-49" href="#__codelineno-3-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-50" name="__codelineno-3-50" href="#__codelineno-3-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-51" name="__codelineno-3-51" href="#__codelineno-3-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">n_queens</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">n_queens</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nQueens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][][]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Q&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-33" name="__codelineno-4-33" href="#__codelineno-4-33"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][][]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-34" name="__codelineno-4-34" href="#__codelineno-4-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-35" name="__codelineno-4-35" href="#__codelineno-4-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-36" name="__codelineno-4-36" href="#__codelineno-4-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-37" name="__codelineno-4-37" href="#__codelineno-4-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-38" name="__codelineno-4-38" href="#__codelineno-4-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-39" name="__codelineno-4-39" href="#__codelineno-4-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-40" name="__codelineno-4-40" href="#__codelineno-4-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-41" name="__codelineno-4-41" href="#__codelineno-4-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-42" name="__codelineno-4-42" href="#__codelineno-4-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-43" name="__codelineno-4-43" href="#__codelineno-4-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-44" name="__codelineno-4-44" href="#__codelineno-4-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-45" name="__codelineno-4-45" href="#__codelineno-4-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-46" name="__codelineno-4-46" href="#__codelineno-4-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-47" name="__codelineno-4-47" href="#__codelineno-4-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-48" name="__codelineno-4-48" href="#__codelineno-4-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-49" name="__codelineno-4-49" href="#__codelineno-4-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-50" name="__codelineno-4-50" href="#__codelineno-4-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-51" name="__codelineno-4-51" href="#__codelineno-4-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-52" name="__codelineno-4-52" href="#__codelineno-4-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Q&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-53" name="__codelineno-4-53" href="#__codelineno-4-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-54" name="__codelineno-4-54" href="#__codelineno-4-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-55" name="__codelineno-4-55" href="#__codelineno-4-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-56" name="__codelineno-4-56" href="#__codelineno-4-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-57" name="__codelineno-4-57" href="#__codelineno-4-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-58" name="__codelineno-4-58" href="#__codelineno-4-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-59" name="__codelineno-4-59" href="#__codelineno-4-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-60" name="__codelineno-4-60" href="#__codelineno-4-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-61" name="__codelineno-4-61" href="#__codelineno-4-61"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-62" name="__codelineno-4-62" href="#__codelineno-4-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-63" name="__codelineno-4-63" href="#__codelineno-4-63"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][][]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-64" name="__codelineno-4-64" href="#__codelineno-4-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-65" name="__codelineno-4-65" href="#__codelineno-4-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-66" name="__codelineno-4-66" href="#__codelineno-4-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-67" name="__codelineno-4-67" href="#__codelineno-4-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-68" name="__codelineno-4-68" href="#__codelineno-4-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-69" name="__codelineno-4-69" href="#__codelineno-4-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-70" name="__codelineno-4-70" href="#__codelineno-4-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-71" name="__codelineno-4-71" href="#__codelineno-4-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-72" name="__codelineno-4-72" href="#__codelineno-4-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-73" name="__codelineno-4-73" href="#__codelineno-4-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-74" name="__codelineno-4-74" href="#__codelineno-4-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-75" name="__codelineno-4-75" href="#__codelineno-4-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-76" name="__codelineno-4-76" href="#__codelineno-4-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-77" name="__codelineno-4-77" href="#__codelineno-4-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][][]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-78" name="__codelineno-4-78" href="#__codelineno-4-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-79" name="__codelineno-4-79" href="#__codelineno-4-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-80" name="__codelineno-4-80" href="#__codelineno-4-80"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">nQueens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]]],</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">col</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">diag1</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">col</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">diag2</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">col</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>            <span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;Q&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>            <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>            <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>            <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>            <span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>            <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>            <span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>            <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>            <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>            <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]]]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">state</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">cols</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">diags1</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 记录主对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">diags2</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 记录副对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]]]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-39" name="__codelineno-5-39" href="#__codelineno-5-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-40" name="__codelineno-5-40" href="#__codelineno-5-40"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-41" name="__codelineno-5-41" href="#__codelineno-5-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-42" name="__codelineno-5-42" href="#__codelineno-5-42"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-43" name="__codelineno-5-43" href="#__codelineno-5-43"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nQueens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">slice</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;Q&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;#&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;#&#39;</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-31" name="__codelineno-6-31" href="#__codelineno-6-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-32" name="__codelineno-6-32" href="#__codelineno-6-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-33" name="__codelineno-6-33" href="#__codelineno-6-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录副对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-34" name="__codelineno-6-34" href="#__codelineno-6-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-35" name="__codelineno-6-35" href="#__codelineno-6-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-36" name="__codelineno-6-36" href="#__codelineno-6-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-37" name="__codelineno-6-37" href="#__codelineno-6-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-38" name="__codelineno-6-38" href="#__codelineno-6-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">nQueens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">[][],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">[][][],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">slice</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;Q&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;#&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-35" name="__codelineno-7-35" href="#__codelineno-7-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-36" name="__codelineno-7-36" href="#__codelineno-7-36"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">[][][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-37" name="__codelineno-7-37" href="#__codelineno-7-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-38" name="__codelineno-7-38" href="#__codelineno-7-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;#&#39;</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-39" name="__codelineno-7-39" href="#__codelineno-7-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-40" name="__codelineno-7-40" href="#__codelineno-7-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-41" name="__codelineno-7-41" href="#__codelineno-7-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录副对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-42" name="__codelineno-7-42" href="#__codelineno-7-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">[][][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-43" name="__codelineno-7-43" href="#__codelineno-7-43"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-44" name="__codelineno-7-44" href="#__codelineno-7-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-45" name="__codelineno-7-45" href="#__codelineno-7-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-46" name="__codelineno-7-46" href="#__codelineno-7-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">nQueens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">copyState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sRow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">copyState</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sRow</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">copyState</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Q&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-36" name="__codelineno-8-36" href="#__codelineno-8-36"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-37" name="__codelineno-8-37" href="#__codelineno-8-37"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-38" name="__codelineno-8-38" href="#__codelineno-8-38"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-39" name="__codelineno-8-39" href="#__codelineno-8-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-40" name="__codelineno-8-40" href="#__codelineno-8-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-41" name="__codelineno-8-41" href="#__codelineno-8-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-42" name="__codelineno-8-42" href="#__codelineno-8-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-43" name="__codelineno-8-43" href="#__codelineno-8-43"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-44" name="__codelineno-8-44" href="#__codelineno-8-44"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-45" name="__codelineno-8-45" href="#__codelineno-8-45"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-46" name="__codelineno-8-46" href="#__codelineno-8-46"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-47" name="__codelineno-8-47" href="#__codelineno-8-47"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-48" name="__codelineno-8-48" href="#__codelineno-8-48"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-49" name="__codelineno-8-49" href="#__codelineno-8-49"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录副对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-50" name="__codelineno-8-50" href="#__codelineno-8-50"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-51" name="__codelineno-8-51" href="#__codelineno-8-51"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-52" name="__codelineno-8-52" href="#__codelineno-8-52"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-53" name="__codelineno-8-53" href="#__codelineno-8-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-54" name="__codelineno-8-54" href="#__codelineno-8-54"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-55" name="__codelineno-8-55" href="#__codelineno-8-55"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nQueens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">cols</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">copy_state</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s_row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">copy_state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s_row</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">copy_state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和副对角线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、副对角线存在皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get_mut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">()[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Q&quot;</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">into</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get_mut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">()[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">into</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-31" name="__codelineno-9-31" href="#__codelineno-9-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-32" name="__codelineno-9-32" href="#__codelineno-9-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 N 皇后 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-33" name="__codelineno-9-33" href="#__codelineno-9-33"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">n_queens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-34" name="__codelineno-9-34" href="#__codelineno-9-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 &#39;Q&#39; 代表皇后，&#39;#&#39; 代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-35" name="__codelineno-9-35" href="#__codelineno-9-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-37" name="__codelineno-9-37" href="#__codelineno-9-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-39" name="__codelineno-9-39" href="#__codelineno-9-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;#&quot;</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">into</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-40" name="__codelineno-9-40" href="#__codelineno-9-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-41" name="__codelineno-9-41" href="#__codelineno-9-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-42" name="__codelineno-9-42" href="#__codelineno-9-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-43" name="__codelineno-9-43" href="#__codelineno-9-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-44" name="__codelineno-9-44" href="#__codelineno-9-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-45" name="__codelineno-9-45" href="#__codelineno-9-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录副对角线是否有皇后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-46" name="__codelineno-9-46" href="#__codelineno-9-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-47" name="__codelineno-9-47" href="#__codelineno-9-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-48" name="__codelineno-9-48" href="#__codelineno-9-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-49" name="__codelineno-9-49" href="#__codelineno-9-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-50" name="__codelineno-9-50" href="#__codelineno-9-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-51" name="__codelineno-9-51" href="#__codelineno-9-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">n_queens</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3965,7 +3519,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3459,391 +3479,69 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;回溯算法：全排列 I&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">enumerate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="c1"># 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>            <span class="c1"># 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>            <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>            <span class="c1"># 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>            <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>            <span class="c1"># 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>            <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">permutations_i</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;全排列 I&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutations_i</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">permutationsI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutationsI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">permutationsI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">permutations_i</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">permutations_i</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">permutationsI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">permutationsI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">permutations_i</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">permutations_i</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutationsI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrackI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrackI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">permutationsI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrackI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrackI</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">permutationsI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">enumerated</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>            <span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>            <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>            <span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>            <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>            <span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>            <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">permutationsI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">selected</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutationsI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">forEach</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">permutationsI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">([],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">permutationsI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">forEach</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">permutationsI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">([],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">permutationsI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">permutationsI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">([],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutationsI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">permutations_i</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutations_i</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newState</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newState</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">select</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPopback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">permutationsI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">iState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">select</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">bSelected</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bSelected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">select</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-42" name="__codelineno-10-42" href="#__codelineno-10-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-43" name="__codelineno-10-43" href="#__codelineno-10-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-44" name="__codelineno-10-44" href="#__codelineno-10-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">iState</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bSelected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-45" name="__codelineno-10-45" href="#__codelineno-10-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-46" name="__codelineno-10-46" href="#__codelineno-10-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_i.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutationsI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3877,363 +3575,63 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;回溯算法：全排列 II&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>    <span class="n">duplicated</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">enumerate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>            <span class="c1"># 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>            <span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>            <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>            <span class="c1"># 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>            <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>            <span class="c1"># 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>            <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">permutations_ii</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;全排列 II&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutations_ii</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">unordered_set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">emplace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">permutationsII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutationsII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">permutationsII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">permutations_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">permutations_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">permutationsII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ISet</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">permutationsII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">permutations_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">permutations_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutationsII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrackII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">duplicated</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="p">{},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">duplicated</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!</span><span class="nx">ok</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">duplicated</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="p">{}{}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrackI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">permutationsII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrackII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-35" name="__codelineno-16-35" href="#__codelineno-16-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrackII</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">permutationsII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">duplicated</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Set</span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">enumerated</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>        <span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>            <span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>            <span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>            <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>            <span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>            <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>            <span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>            <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>            <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">permutationsII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">selected</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutationsII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">duplicated</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Set</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">forEach</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">permutationsII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">([],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">permutationsII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">duplicated</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Set</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">forEach</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">permutationsII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">([],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">permutationsII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">permutationsII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">([],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutationsII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span>::<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">duplicated</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录选择过的元素值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">selected</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 全排列 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">permutations_ii</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">permutations_ii.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">permutations_ii</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
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+          <a href="../subset_sum_problem/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 13.3 &amp;nbsp; 子集和问题" rel="next">
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
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+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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@@ -3420,384 +3440,69 @@
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">total</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;回溯算法：子集和 I&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">total</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="c1"># 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>        <span class="c1"># 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">total</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>            <span class="k">continue</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>        <span class="c1"># 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>        <span class="c1"># 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>        <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">total</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>        <span class="c1"># 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">subset_sum_i_naive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;求解子集和 I（包含重复子集）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-27" name="__codelineno-0-27" href="#__codelineno-0-27"></a>    <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>  <span class="c1"># 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a>    <span class="n">total</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-29" name="__codelineno-0-29" href="#__codelineno-0-29"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>  <span class="c1"># 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-30" name="__codelineno-0-30" href="#__codelineno-0-30"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-31" name="__codelineno-0-31" href="#__codelineno-0-31"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_i_naive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">size_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">subset_sum_i_naive</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">subset_sum_i_naive</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_i_naive</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_i_naive</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">total</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">total</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">total</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>            <span class="k">continue</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>        <span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>        <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">total</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">total</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>        <span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span> <span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">total</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span> <span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">total</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-35" name="__codelineno-7-35" href="#__codelineno-7-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-36" name="__codelineno-7-36" href="#__codelineno-7-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 元素和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-36" name="__codelineno-8-36" href="#__codelineno-8-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">subset_sum_i_naive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_i_naive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmpVector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmpVector</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmpVector</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">size_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新元素和 total</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPopback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I（包含重复子集） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">               </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i_naive.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumINaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3844,412 +3549,69 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;回溯算法：子集和 I&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>        <span class="c1"># 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>        <span class="c1"># 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>        <span class="c1"># 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>        <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>        <span class="c1"># 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">subset_sum_i</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;求解子集和 I&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a>    <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>  <span class="c1"># 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">()</span>  <span class="c1"># 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a>    <span class="n">start</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>  <span class="c1"># 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_i</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">());</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">subset_sum_i</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">subset_sum_i</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_i</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_i</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Ints</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>        <span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>        <span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>        <span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>        <span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>        <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>        <span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span> <span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">sorted</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">start</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span> <span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">subset_sum_i</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_i</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmpVector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmpVector</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmpVector</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：若子集和超过 target ，则跳过该选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPopback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 I */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w">                        </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">qsort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                                      </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w">                          </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_i.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumI</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4281,467 +3643,69 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a>    <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;回溯算法：子集和 II&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>    <span class="c1"># 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>        <span class="c1"># 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>        <span class="c1"># 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a>        <span class="c1"># 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a>            <span class="k">continue</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-20" name="__codelineno-24-20" href="#__codelineno-24-20"></a>        <span class="c1"># 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-21" name="__codelineno-24-21" href="#__codelineno-24-21"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-22" name="__codelineno-24-22" href="#__codelineno-24-22"></a>        <span class="c1"># 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-23" name="__codelineno-24-23" href="#__codelineno-24-23"></a>        <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-24" name="__codelineno-24-24" href="#__codelineno-24-24"></a>        <span class="c1"># 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-25" name="__codelineno-24-25" href="#__codelineno-24-25"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-26" name="__codelineno-24-26" href="#__codelineno-24-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-27" name="__codelineno-24-27" href="#__codelineno-24-27"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">subset_sum_ii</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-28" name="__codelineno-24-28" href="#__codelineno-24-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;求解子集和 II&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-29" name="__codelineno-24-29" href="#__codelineno-24-29"></a>    <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>  <span class="c1"># 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-30" name="__codelineno-24-30" href="#__codelineno-24-30"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">()</span>  <span class="c1"># 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-31" name="__codelineno-24-31" href="#__codelineno-24-31"></a>    <span class="n">start</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-32" name="__codelineno-24-32" href="#__codelineno-24-32"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>  <span class="c1"># 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-33" name="__codelineno-24-33" href="#__codelineno-24-33"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-34" name="__codelineno-24-34" href="#__codelineno-24-34"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_ii</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">());</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-23" name="__codelineno-26-23" href="#__codelineno-26-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-24" name="__codelineno-26-24" href="#__codelineno-26-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-25" name="__codelineno-26-25" href="#__codelineno-26-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-26" name="__codelineno-26-26" href="#__codelineno-26-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-27" name="__codelineno-26-27" href="#__codelineno-26-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-28" name="__codelineno-26-28" href="#__codelineno-26-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-29" name="__codelineno-26-29" href="#__codelineno-26-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-30" name="__codelineno-26-30" href="#__codelineno-26-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-31" name="__codelineno-26-31" href="#__codelineno-26-31"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-32" name="__codelineno-26-32" href="#__codelineno-26-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-33" name="__codelineno-26-33" href="#__codelineno-26-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-34" name="__codelineno-26-34" href="#__codelineno-26-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-35" name="__codelineno-26-35" href="#__codelineno-26-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-36" name="__codelineno-26-36" href="#__codelineno-26-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-37" name="__codelineno-26-37" href="#__codelineno-26-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-38" name="__codelineno-26-38" href="#__codelineno-26-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">subset_sum_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">subset_sum_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-25" name="__codelineno-27-25" href="#__codelineno-27-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-26" name="__codelineno-27-26" href="#__codelineno-27-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-27" name="__codelineno-27-27" href="#__codelineno-27-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-28" name="__codelineno-27-28" href="#__codelineno-27-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-29" name="__codelineno-27-29" href="#__codelineno-27-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-30" name="__codelineno-27-30" href="#__codelineno-27-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-31" name="__codelineno-27-31" href="#__codelineno-27-31"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-32" name="__codelineno-27-32" href="#__codelineno-27-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-33" name="__codelineno-27-33" href="#__codelineno-27-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-34" name="__codelineno-27-34" href="#__codelineno-27-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-35" name="__codelineno-27-35" href="#__codelineno-27-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-36" name="__codelineno-27-36" href="#__codelineno-27-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-37" name="__codelineno-27-37" href="#__codelineno-27-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-38" name="__codelineno-27-38" href="#__codelineno-27-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newState</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Ints</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-35" name="__codelineno-28-35" href="#__codelineno-28-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-36" name="__codelineno-28-36" href="#__codelineno-28-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-37" name="__codelineno-28-37" href="#__codelineno-28-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-38" name="__codelineno-28-38" href="#__codelineno-28-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-39" name="__codelineno-28-39" href="#__codelineno-28-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrackSubsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>    <span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>        <span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>        <span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>        <span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a>            <span class="k">continue</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a>        <span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a>        <span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-24" name="__codelineno-29-24" href="#__codelineno-29-24"></a>        <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-25" name="__codelineno-29-25" href="#__codelineno-29-25"></a>        <span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-26" name="__codelineno-29-26" href="#__codelineno-29-26"></a>        <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-27" name="__codelineno-29-27" href="#__codelineno-29-27"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-28" name="__codelineno-29-28" href="#__codelineno-29-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-29" name="__codelineno-29-29" href="#__codelineno-29-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-30" name="__codelineno-29-30" href="#__codelineno-29-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-31" name="__codelineno-29-31" href="#__codelineno-29-31"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-32" name="__codelineno-29-32" href="#__codelineno-29-32"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span> <span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-33" name="__codelineno-29-33" href="#__codelineno-29-33"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">sorted</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-34" name="__codelineno-29-34" href="#__codelineno-29-34"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">start</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-35" name="__codelineno-29-35" href="#__codelineno-29-35"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span> <span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-36" name="__codelineno-29-36" href="#__codelineno-29-36"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-37" name="__codelineno-29-37" href="#__codelineno-29-37"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-38" name="__codelineno-29-38" href="#__codelineno-29-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-27" name="__codelineno-30-27" href="#__codelineno-30-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-28" name="__codelineno-30-28" href="#__codelineno-30-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-29" name="__codelineno-30-29" href="#__codelineno-30-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-30" name="__codelineno-30-30" href="#__codelineno-30-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-31" name="__codelineno-30-31" href="#__codelineno-30-31"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-32" name="__codelineno-30-32" href="#__codelineno-30-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-33" name="__codelineno-30-33" href="#__codelineno-30-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-34" name="__codelineno-30-34" href="#__codelineno-30-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-35" name="__codelineno-30-35" href="#__codelineno-30-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-36" name="__codelineno-30-36" href="#__codelineno-30-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-37" name="__codelineno-30-37" href="#__codelineno-30-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-38" name="__codelineno-30-38" href="#__codelineno-30-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([...</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-27" name="__codelineno-31-27" href="#__codelineno-31-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-28" name="__codelineno-31-28" href="#__codelineno-31-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-29" name="__codelineno-31-29" href="#__codelineno-31-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-30" name="__codelineno-31-30" href="#__codelineno-31-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-31" name="__codelineno-31-31" href="#__codelineno-31-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-32" name="__codelineno-31-32" href="#__codelineno-31-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-33" name="__codelineno-31-33" href="#__codelineno-31-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-34" name="__codelineno-31-34" href="#__codelineno-31-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-35" name="__codelineno-31-35" href="#__codelineno-31-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-36" name="__codelineno-31-36" href="#__codelineno-31-36"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-37" name="__codelineno-31-37" href="#__codelineno-31-37"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-38" name="__codelineno-31-38" href="#__codelineno-31-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-39" name="__codelineno-31-39" href="#__codelineno-31-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-40" name="__codelineno-31-40" href="#__codelineno-31-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-41" name="__codelineno-31-41" href="#__codelineno-31-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-42" name="__codelineno-31-42" href="#__codelineno-31-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-43" name="__codelineno-31-43" href="#__codelineno-31-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-44" name="__codelineno-31-44" href="#__codelineno-31-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-25" name="__codelineno-32-25" href="#__codelineno-32-25"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-26" name="__codelineno-32-26" href="#__codelineno-32-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-27" name="__codelineno-32-27" href="#__codelineno-32-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-28" name="__codelineno-32-28" href="#__codelineno-32-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-29" name="__codelineno-32-29" href="#__codelineno-32-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-30" name="__codelineno-32-30" href="#__codelineno-32-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-31" name="__codelineno-32-31" href="#__codelineno-32-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-32" name="__codelineno-32-32" href="#__codelineno-32-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-33" name="__codelineno-32-33" href="#__codelineno-32-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-34" name="__codelineno-32-34" href="#__codelineno-32-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-35" name="__codelineno-32-35" href="#__codelineno-32-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-36" name="__codelineno-32-36" href="#__codelineno-32-36"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-37" name="__codelineno-32-37" href="#__codelineno-32-37"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-38" name="__codelineno-32-38" href="#__codelineno-32-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-39" name="__codelineno-32-39" href="#__codelineno-32-39"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-40" name="__codelineno-32-40" href="#__codelineno-32-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-41" name="__codelineno-32-41" href="#__codelineno-32-41"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-42" name="__codelineno-32-42" href="#__codelineno-32-42"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-43" name="__codelineno-32-43" href="#__codelineno-32-43"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-44" name="__codelineno-32-44" href="#__codelineno-32-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-20" name="__codelineno-33-20" href="#__codelineno-33-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-21" name="__codelineno-33-21" href="#__codelineno-33-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-22" name="__codelineno-33-22" href="#__codelineno-33-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-23" name="__codelineno-33-23" href="#__codelineno-33-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-24" name="__codelineno-33-24" href="#__codelineno-33-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-25" name="__codelineno-33-25" href="#__codelineno-33-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-26" name="__codelineno-33-26" href="#__codelineno-33-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-27" name="__codelineno-33-27" href="#__codelineno-33-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-28" name="__codelineno-33-28" href="#__codelineno-33-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-29" name="__codelineno-33-29" href="#__codelineno-33-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-30" name="__codelineno-33-30" href="#__codelineno-33-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-31" name="__codelineno-33-31" href="#__codelineno-33-31"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">subset_sum_ii</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-32" name="__codelineno-33-32" href="#__codelineno-33-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-33" name="__codelineno-33-33" href="#__codelineno-33-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-34" name="__codelineno-33-34" href="#__codelineno-33-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历起始点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-35" name="__codelineno-33-35" href="#__codelineno-33-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-36" name="__codelineno-33-36" href="#__codelineno-33-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-37" name="__codelineno-33-37" href="#__codelineno-33-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-38" name="__codelineno-33-38" href="#__codelineno-33-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subset_sum_ii</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子集和等于 target 时，记录解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmpVector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmpVector</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmpVector</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝二：从 start 开始遍历，避免生成重复子集</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝三：从 start 开始遍历，避免重复选择同一元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝一：若子集和超过 target ，则直接结束循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 这是因为数组已排序，后边元素更大，子集和一定超过 target</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝四：如果该元素与左边元素相等，说明该搜索分支重复，直接跳过</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-25" name="__codelineno-34-25" href="#__codelineno-34-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新 target, start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-26" name="__codelineno-34-26" href="#__codelineno-34-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-27" name="__codelineno-34-27" href="#__codelineno-34-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 进行下一轮选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-28" name="__codelineno-34-28" href="#__codelineno-34-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-29" name="__codelineno-34-29" href="#__codelineno-34-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-30" name="__codelineno-34-30" href="#__codelineno-34-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPopback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-31" name="__codelineno-34-31" href="#__codelineno-34-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-32" name="__codelineno-34-32" href="#__codelineno-34-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-33" name="__codelineno-34-33" href="#__codelineno-34-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-34" name="__codelineno-34-34" href="#__codelineno-34-34"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解子集和 II */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-35" name="__codelineno-34-35" href="#__codelineno-34-35"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-36" name="__codelineno-34-36" href="#__codelineno-34-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w">                        </span><span class="c1">// 状态（子集）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-37" name="__codelineno-34-37" href="#__codelineno-34-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">qsort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 对 nums 进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-38" name="__codelineno-34-38" href="#__codelineno-34-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                                      </span><span class="c1">// 子集和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-39" name="__codelineno-34-39" href="#__codelineno-34-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w">                          </span><span class="c1">// 结果列表（子集列表）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-40" name="__codelineno-34-40" href="#__codelineno-34-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-41" name="__codelineno-34-41" href="#__codelineno-34-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-42" name="__codelineno-34-42" href="#__codelineno-34-42"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">subset_sum_ii.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">subsetSumII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4822,7 +3786,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+              
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diff --git a/chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/index.html b/chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/index.html
index 6885008bf..6dcc097ce 100644
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+++ b/chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
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@@ -3449,133 +3469,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">for_loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;for 循环&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">for_loop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">forLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">forLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">forLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">iteration</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">forLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">forLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">iteration</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">forLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">forLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">forLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">forLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">...</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">forLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">forLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">forLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">forLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">forLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">forLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">forLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">for_loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">for_loop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">forLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">forLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3595,157 +3529,47 @@
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">while_loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;while 循环&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">while_loop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">whileLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">whileLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">iteration</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">whileLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">whileLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">iteration</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">whileLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">whileLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">whileLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">whileLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">whileLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">whileLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">whileLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">whileLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">while_loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">while_loop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">whileLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3759,178 +3583,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">while_loop_ii</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;while 循环（两次更新）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>        <span class="c1"># 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">while_loop_ii</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">iteration</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 2, 4, 5...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">iteration</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>        <span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">while_loop_ii</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">while_loop_ii</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* while 循环（两次更新） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环求和 1, 4, ...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新条件变量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">whileLoopII</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3945,169 +3638,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">nested_for_loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;双层 for 循环&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>        <span class="c1"># 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>            <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&quot;(</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">), &quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nested_for_loop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ostringstream</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">++</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;(&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;, &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;), &quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">str</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">StringBuilder</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">StringBuilder</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;(&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;, &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;), &quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">toString</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">iteration</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">StringBuilder</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">StringBuilder</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">$&quot;({i}, {j}), &quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ToString</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">iteration</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Sprintf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;(%d, %d), &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">String</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">...</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>        <span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">...</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;(</span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">, </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">), &quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sb">`(</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">, </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">), `</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sb">`(</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">, </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">), `</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;(</span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="s2">), &quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">nested_for_loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">String</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="fm">format!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;({}, {}), &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nested_for_loop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双层 for 循环 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// n * n 为对应点数量，&quot;(i, j), &quot; 对应字符串长最大为 6+10*2，加上最后一个空字符 \0 的额外空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">26</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环 i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环 j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-9" name="__codelineno-46-9" href="#__codelineno-46-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-10" name="__codelineno-46-10" href="#__codelineno-46-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">26</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-11" name="__codelineno-46-11" href="#__codelineno-46-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">snprintf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;(%d, %d), &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-12" name="__codelineno-46-12" href="#__codelineno-46-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">strncat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-13" name="__codelineno-46-13" href="#__codelineno-46-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-14" name="__codelineno-46-14" href="#__codelineno-46-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-15" name="__codelineno-46-15" href="#__codelineno-46-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-16" name="__codelineno-46-16" href="#__codelineno-46-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">iteration.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">nestedForLoop</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4138,145 +3709,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;递归&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-9" name="__codelineno-48-9" href="#__codelineno-48-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-10" name="__codelineno-49-10" href="#__codelineno-49-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">recursion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">recursion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-10" name="__codelineno-53-10" href="#__codelineno-53-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4320,123 +3793,47 @@
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">tail_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;尾递归&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-4" name="__codelineno-60-4" href="#__codelineno-60-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-5" name="__codelineno-60-5" href="#__codelineno-60-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-6" name="__codelineno-60-6" href="#__codelineno-60-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-7" name="__codelineno-60-7" href="#__codelineno-60-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">tail_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">tail_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-4" name="__codelineno-61-4" href="#__codelineno-61-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-5" name="__codelineno-61-5" href="#__codelineno-61-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-6" name="__codelineno-61-6" href="#__codelineno-61-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-7" name="__codelineno-61-7" href="#__codelineno-61-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-8" name="__codelineno-61-8" href="#__codelineno-61-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-5" name="__codelineno-62-5" href="#__codelineno-62-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-6" name="__codelineno-62-6" href="#__codelineno-62-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-7" name="__codelineno-62-7" href="#__codelineno-62-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-8" name="__codelineno-62-8" href="#__codelineno-62-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">recursion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-4" name="__codelineno-63-4" href="#__codelineno-63-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-5" name="__codelineno-63-5" href="#__codelineno-63-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-6" name="__codelineno-63-6" href="#__codelineno-63-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-7" name="__codelineno-63-7" href="#__codelineno-63-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-8" name="__codelineno-63-8" href="#__codelineno-63-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">recursion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-9" name="__codelineno-64-9" href="#__codelineno-64-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">tailRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-3" name="__codelineno-65-3" href="#__codelineno-65-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-4" name="__codelineno-65-4" href="#__codelineno-65-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-5" name="__codelineno-65-5" href="#__codelineno-65-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-6" name="__codelineno-65-6" href="#__codelineno-65-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-7" name="__codelineno-65-7" href="#__codelineno-65-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-8" name="__codelineno-65-8" href="#__codelineno-65-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-9" name="__codelineno-65-9" href="#__codelineno-65-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-3" name="__codelineno-66-3" href="#__codelineno-66-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-4" name="__codelineno-66-4" href="#__codelineno-66-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-5" name="__codelineno-66-5" href="#__codelineno-66-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-6" name="__codelineno-66-6" href="#__codelineno-66-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-7" name="__codelineno-66-7" href="#__codelineno-66-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">tailRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-3" name="__codelineno-67-3" href="#__codelineno-67-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-4" name="__codelineno-67-4" href="#__codelineno-67-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-5" name="__codelineno-67-5" href="#__codelineno-67-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-6" name="__codelineno-67-6" href="#__codelineno-67-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-7" name="__codelineno-67-7" href="#__codelineno-67-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">tailRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-3" name="__codelineno-68-3" href="#__codelineno-68-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-4" name="__codelineno-68-4" href="#__codelineno-68-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-5" name="__codelineno-68-5" href="#__codelineno-68-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-6" name="__codelineno-68-6" href="#__codelineno-68-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-7" name="__codelineno-68-7" href="#__codelineno-68-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">tail_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-3" name="__codelineno-69-3" href="#__codelineno-69-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-4" name="__codelineno-69-4" href="#__codelineno-69-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-5" name="__codelineno-69-5" href="#__codelineno-69-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-6" name="__codelineno-69-6" href="#__codelineno-69-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-7" name="__codelineno-69-7" href="#__codelineno-69-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-8" name="__codelineno-69-8" href="#__codelineno-69-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">tail_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-9" name="__codelineno-69-9" href="#__codelineno-69-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">tail_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 尾递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-2" name="__codelineno-70-2" href="#__codelineno-70-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-3" name="__codelineno-70-3" href="#__codelineno-70-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-4" name="__codelineno-70-4" href="#__codelineno-70-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-5" name="__codelineno-70-5" href="#__codelineno-70-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-6" name="__codelineno-70-6" href="#__codelineno-70-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-7" name="__codelineno-70-7" href="#__codelineno-70-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-8" name="__codelineno-70-8" href="#__codelineno-70-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">tailRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4472,145 +3869,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="7:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_7_1" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_2" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_3" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_4" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_5" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_6" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_7" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_8" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_9" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_10" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_11" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_12" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_7_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_7_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_7_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_7_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_7_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_7_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_7_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_7_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_7_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_7_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;斐波那契数列：递归&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-4" name="__codelineno-72-4" href="#__codelineno-72-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-5" name="__codelineno-72-5" href="#__codelineno-72-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-6" name="__codelineno-72-6" href="#__codelineno-72-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-7" name="__codelineno-72-7" href="#__codelineno-72-7"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-8" name="__codelineno-72-8" href="#__codelineno-72-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-9" name="__codelineno-72-9" href="#__codelineno-72-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-3" name="__codelineno-73-3" href="#__codelineno-73-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-4" name="__codelineno-73-4" href="#__codelineno-73-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-5" name="__codelineno-73-5" href="#__codelineno-73-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-6" name="__codelineno-73-6" href="#__codelineno-73-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-7" name="__codelineno-73-7" href="#__codelineno-73-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-8" name="__codelineno-73-8" href="#__codelineno-73-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-9" name="__codelineno-73-9" href="#__codelineno-73-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-10" name="__codelineno-73-10" href="#__codelineno-73-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-3" name="__codelineno-74-3" href="#__codelineno-74-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-4" name="__codelineno-74-4" href="#__codelineno-74-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-5" name="__codelineno-74-5" href="#__codelineno-74-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-6" name="__codelineno-74-6" href="#__codelineno-74-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-7" name="__codelineno-74-7" href="#__codelineno-74-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-8" name="__codelineno-74-8" href="#__codelineno-74-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-9" name="__codelineno-74-9" href="#__codelineno-74-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-10" name="__codelineno-74-10" href="#__codelineno-74-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">recursion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-2" name="__codelineno-75-2" href="#__codelineno-75-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-3" name="__codelineno-75-3" href="#__codelineno-75-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-4" name="__codelineno-75-4" href="#__codelineno-75-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-5" name="__codelineno-75-5" href="#__codelineno-75-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-6" name="__codelineno-75-6" href="#__codelineno-75-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-7" name="__codelineno-75-7" href="#__codelineno-75-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-8" name="__codelineno-75-8" href="#__codelineno-75-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-9" name="__codelineno-75-9" href="#__codelineno-75-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-10" name="__codelineno-75-10" href="#__codelineno-75-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">recursion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-3" name="__codelineno-76-3" href="#__codelineno-76-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-4" name="__codelineno-76-4" href="#__codelineno-76-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-5" name="__codelineno-76-5" href="#__codelineno-76-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-6" name="__codelineno-76-6" href="#__codelineno-76-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-7" name="__codelineno-76-7" href="#__codelineno-76-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-8" name="__codelineno-76-8" href="#__codelineno-76-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-9" name="__codelineno-76-9" href="#__codelineno-76-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-10" name="__codelineno-76-10" href="#__codelineno-76-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-11" name="__codelineno-76-11" href="#__codelineno-76-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-6" name="__codelineno-77-6" href="#__codelineno-77-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-7" name="__codelineno-77-7" href="#__codelineno-77-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-8" name="__codelineno-77-8" href="#__codelineno-77-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-9" name="__codelineno-77-9" href="#__codelineno-77-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-10" name="__codelineno-77-10" href="#__codelineno-77-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-11" name="__codelineno-77-11" href="#__codelineno-77-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-4" name="__codelineno-78-4" href="#__codelineno-78-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-5" name="__codelineno-78-5" href="#__codelineno-78-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-6" name="__codelineno-78-6" href="#__codelineno-78-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-7" name="__codelineno-78-7" href="#__codelineno-78-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-8" name="__codelineno-78-8" href="#__codelineno-78-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-9" name="__codelineno-78-9" href="#__codelineno-78-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-4" name="__codelineno-79-4" href="#__codelineno-79-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-5" name="__codelineno-79-5" href="#__codelineno-79-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-6" name="__codelineno-79-6" href="#__codelineno-79-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-7" name="__codelineno-79-7" href="#__codelineno-79-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-8" name="__codelineno-79-8" href="#__codelineno-79-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-9" name="__codelineno-79-9" href="#__codelineno-79-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-4" name="__codelineno-80-4" href="#__codelineno-80-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-5" name="__codelineno-80-5" href="#__codelineno-80-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-6" name="__codelineno-80-6" href="#__codelineno-80-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-7" name="__codelineno-80-7" href="#__codelineno-80-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-8" name="__codelineno-80-8" href="#__codelineno-80-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-9" name="__codelineno-80-9" href="#__codelineno-80-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-4" name="__codelineno-81-4" href="#__codelineno-81-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-5" name="__codelineno-81-5" href="#__codelineno-81-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-6" name="__codelineno-81-6" href="#__codelineno-81-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-7" name="__codelineno-81-7" href="#__codelineno-81-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-8" name="__codelineno-81-8" href="#__codelineno-81-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-9" name="__codelineno-81-9" href="#__codelineno-81-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-10" name="__codelineno-81-10" href="#__codelineno-81-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-11" name="__codelineno-81-11" href="#__codelineno-81-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 斐波那契数列：递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-5" name="__codelineno-82-5" href="#__codelineno-82-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-6" name="__codelineno-82-6" href="#__codelineno-82-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-7" name="__codelineno-82-7" href="#__codelineno-82-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-8" name="__codelineno-82-8" href="#__codelineno-82-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回结果 f(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-9" name="__codelineno-82-9" href="#__codelineno-82-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-10" name="__codelineno-82-10" href="#__codelineno-82-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fib</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4679,85 +3978,19 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="8:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_8_1" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_2" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_3" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_4" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_5" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_6" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_7" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_8" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_9" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_10" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_11" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_12" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_8_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_8_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_8_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_8_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_8_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_8_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_8_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_8_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_8_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_8_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_8_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_8_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">for_loop_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-2" name="__codelineno-84-2" href="#__codelineno-84-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;使用迭代模拟递归&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-3" name="__codelineno-84-3" href="#__codelineno-84-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-4" name="__codelineno-84-4" href="#__codelineno-84-4"></a>    <span class="n">stack</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-5" name="__codelineno-84-5" href="#__codelineno-84-5"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-6" name="__codelineno-84-6" href="#__codelineno-84-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-7" name="__codelineno-84-7" href="#__codelineno-84-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-8" name="__codelineno-84-8" href="#__codelineno-84-8"></a>        <span class="c1"># 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-9" name="__codelineno-84-9" href="#__codelineno-84-9"></a>        <span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-10" name="__codelineno-84-10" href="#__codelineno-84-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-11" name="__codelineno-84-11" href="#__codelineno-84-11"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-12" name="__codelineno-84-12" href="#__codelineno-84-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-13" name="__codelineno-84-13" href="#__codelineno-84-13"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-14" name="__codelineno-84-14" href="#__codelineno-84-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># res = 1+2+3+...+n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-15" name="__codelineno-84-15" href="#__codelineno-84-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">for_loop_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-2" name="__codelineno-85-2" href="#__codelineno-85-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-3" name="__codelineno-85-3" href="#__codelineno-85-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-4" name="__codelineno-85-4" href="#__codelineno-85-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-5" name="__codelineno-85-5" href="#__codelineno-85-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-6" name="__codelineno-85-6" href="#__codelineno-85-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-7" name="__codelineno-85-7" href="#__codelineno-85-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-8" name="__codelineno-85-8" href="#__codelineno-85-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-9" name="__codelineno-85-9" href="#__codelineno-85-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-10" name="__codelineno-85-10" href="#__codelineno-85-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-11" name="__codelineno-85-11" href="#__codelineno-85-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-12" name="__codelineno-85-12" href="#__codelineno-85-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-13" name="__codelineno-85-13" href="#__codelineno-85-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-14" name="__codelineno-85-14" href="#__codelineno-85-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-15" name="__codelineno-85-15" href="#__codelineno-85-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-16" name="__codelineno-85-16" href="#__codelineno-85-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-17" name="__codelineno-85-17" href="#__codelineno-85-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// res = 1+2+3+...+n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-18" name="__codelineno-85-18" href="#__codelineno-85-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-19" name="__codelineno-85-19" href="#__codelineno-85-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-2" name="__codelineno-86-2" href="#__codelineno-86-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-3" name="__codelineno-86-3" href="#__codelineno-86-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-4" name="__codelineno-86-4" href="#__codelineno-86-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Stack</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Stack</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-5" name="__codelineno-86-5" href="#__codelineno-86-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-6" name="__codelineno-86-6" href="#__codelineno-86-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-7" name="__codelineno-86-7" href="#__codelineno-86-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-8" name="__codelineno-86-8" href="#__codelineno-86-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-9" name="__codelineno-86-9" href="#__codelineno-86-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-10" name="__codelineno-86-10" href="#__codelineno-86-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-11" name="__codelineno-86-11" href="#__codelineno-86-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-12" name="__codelineno-86-12" href="#__codelineno-86-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-13" name="__codelineno-86-13" href="#__codelineno-86-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-14" name="__codelineno-86-14" href="#__codelineno-86-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-15" name="__codelineno-86-15" href="#__codelineno-86-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-16" name="__codelineno-86-16" href="#__codelineno-86-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// res = 1+2+3+...+n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-17" name="__codelineno-86-17" href="#__codelineno-86-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-18" name="__codelineno-86-18" href="#__codelineno-86-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">recursion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-2" name="__codelineno-87-2" href="#__codelineno-87-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-3" name="__codelineno-87-3" href="#__codelineno-87-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-4" name="__codelineno-87-4" href="#__codelineno-87-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Stack</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Stack</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-5" name="__codelineno-87-5" href="#__codelineno-87-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-6" name="__codelineno-87-6" href="#__codelineno-87-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-7" name="__codelineno-87-7" href="#__codelineno-87-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-8" name="__codelineno-87-8" href="#__codelineno-87-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-9" name="__codelineno-87-9" href="#__codelineno-87-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-10" name="__codelineno-87-10" href="#__codelineno-87-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-11" name="__codelineno-87-11" href="#__codelineno-87-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-12" name="__codelineno-87-12" href="#__codelineno-87-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-13" name="__codelineno-87-13" href="#__codelineno-87-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-14" name="__codelineno-87-14" href="#__codelineno-87-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-15" name="__codelineno-87-15" href="#__codelineno-87-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-16" name="__codelineno-87-16" href="#__codelineno-87-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// res = 1+2+3+...+n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-17" name="__codelineno-87-17" href="#__codelineno-87-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-18" name="__codelineno-87-18" href="#__codelineno-87-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">recursion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4765,108 +3998,23 @@
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-2" name="__codelineno-89-2" href="#__codelineno-89-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-3" name="__codelineno-89-3" href="#__codelineno-89-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-4" name="__codelineno-89-4" href="#__codelineno-89-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">stack</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-5" name="__codelineno-89-5" href="#__codelineno-89-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-6" name="__codelineno-89-6" href="#__codelineno-89-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-7" name="__codelineno-89-7" href="#__codelineno-89-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-8" name="__codelineno-89-8" href="#__codelineno-89-8"></a>        <span class="c1">// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-9" name="__codelineno-89-9" href="#__codelineno-89-9"></a>        <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-10" name="__codelineno-89-10" href="#__codelineno-89-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-11" name="__codelineno-89-11" href="#__codelineno-89-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-12" name="__codelineno-89-12" href="#__codelineno-89-12"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-13" name="__codelineno-89-13" href="#__codelineno-89-13"></a>        <span class="c1">// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-14" name="__codelineno-89-14" href="#__codelineno-89-14"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-15" name="__codelineno-89-15" href="#__codelineno-89-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-16" name="__codelineno-89-16" href="#__codelineno-89-16"></a>    <span class="c1">// res = 1+2+3+...+n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-17" name="__codelineno-89-17" href="#__codelineno-89-17"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-18" name="__codelineno-89-18" href="#__codelineno-89-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-2" name="__codelineno-90-2" href="#__codelineno-90-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-3" name="__codelineno-90-3" href="#__codelineno-90-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-4" name="__codelineno-90-4" href="#__codelineno-90-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-5" name="__codelineno-90-5" href="#__codelineno-90-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-6" name="__codelineno-90-6" href="#__codelineno-90-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-7" name="__codelineno-90-7" href="#__codelineno-90-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-8" name="__codelineno-90-8" href="#__codelineno-90-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-9" name="__codelineno-90-9" href="#__codelineno-90-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-10" name="__codelineno-90-10" href="#__codelineno-90-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-11" name="__codelineno-90-11" href="#__codelineno-90-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-12" name="__codelineno-90-12" href="#__codelineno-90-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-13" name="__codelineno-90-13" href="#__codelineno-90-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-14" name="__codelineno-90-14" href="#__codelineno-90-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-15" name="__codelineno-90-15" href="#__codelineno-90-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-16" name="__codelineno-90-16" href="#__codelineno-90-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// res = 1+2+3+...+n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-17" name="__codelineno-90-17" href="#__codelineno-90-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-18" name="__codelineno-90-18" href="#__codelineno-90-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-91-1" name="__codelineno-91-1" href="#__codelineno-91-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-2" name="__codelineno-91-2" href="#__codelineno-91-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-3" name="__codelineno-91-3" href="#__codelineno-91-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-4" name="__codelineno-91-4" href="#__codelineno-91-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-5" name="__codelineno-91-5" href="#__codelineno-91-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-6" name="__codelineno-91-6" href="#__codelineno-91-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-7" name="__codelineno-91-7" href="#__codelineno-91-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-8" name="__codelineno-91-8" href="#__codelineno-91-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-9" name="__codelineno-91-9" href="#__codelineno-91-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-10" name="__codelineno-91-10" href="#__codelineno-91-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-11" name="__codelineno-91-11" href="#__codelineno-91-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-12" name="__codelineno-91-12" href="#__codelineno-91-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-13" name="__codelineno-91-13" href="#__codelineno-91-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-14" name="__codelineno-91-14" href="#__codelineno-91-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-15" name="__codelineno-91-15" href="#__codelineno-91-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-16" name="__codelineno-91-16" href="#__codelineno-91-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// res = 1+2+3+...+n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-17" name="__codelineno-91-17" href="#__codelineno-91-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-18" name="__codelineno-91-18" href="#__codelineno-91-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-91-1" name="__codelineno-91-1" href="#__codelineno-91-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-92-1" name="__codelineno-92-1" href="#__codelineno-92-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-2" name="__codelineno-92-2" href="#__codelineno-92-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-3" name="__codelineno-92-3" href="#__codelineno-92-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-4" name="__codelineno-92-4" href="#__codelineno-92-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-5" name="__codelineno-92-5" href="#__codelineno-92-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-6" name="__codelineno-92-6" href="#__codelineno-92-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-7" name="__codelineno-92-7" href="#__codelineno-92-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-8" name="__codelineno-92-8" href="#__codelineno-92-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-9" name="__codelineno-92-9" href="#__codelineno-92-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-10" name="__codelineno-92-10" href="#__codelineno-92-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-11" name="__codelineno-92-11" href="#__codelineno-92-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-12" name="__codelineno-92-12" href="#__codelineno-92-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-13" name="__codelineno-92-13" href="#__codelineno-92-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-14" name="__codelineno-92-14" href="#__codelineno-92-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-15" name="__codelineno-92-15" href="#__codelineno-92-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-16" name="__codelineno-92-16" href="#__codelineno-92-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// res = 1+2+3+...+n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-17" name="__codelineno-92-17" href="#__codelineno-92-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-18" name="__codelineno-92-18" href="#__codelineno-92-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-92-1" name="__codelineno-92-1" href="#__codelineno-92-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">forLoopRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-93-1" name="__codelineno-93-1" href="#__codelineno-93-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-2" name="__codelineno-93-2" href="#__codelineno-93-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">for_loop_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-3" name="__codelineno-93-3" href="#__codelineno-93-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-4" name="__codelineno-93-4" href="#__codelineno-93-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-5" name="__codelineno-93-5" href="#__codelineno-93-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-6" name="__codelineno-93-6" href="#__codelineno-93-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递：递归调用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-7" name="__codelineno-93-7" href="#__codelineno-93-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-8" name="__codelineno-93-8" href="#__codelineno-93-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-9" name="__codelineno-93-9" href="#__codelineno-93-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-10" name="__codelineno-93-10" href="#__codelineno-93-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-11" name="__codelineno-93-11" href="#__codelineno-93-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 归：返回结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-12" name="__codelineno-93-12" href="#__codelineno-93-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-13" name="__codelineno-93-13" href="#__codelineno-93-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-14" name="__codelineno-93-14" href="#__codelineno-93-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-15" name="__codelineno-93-15" href="#__codelineno-93-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-16" name="__codelineno-93-16" href="#__codelineno-93-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// res = 1+2+3+...+n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-17" name="__codelineno-93-17" href="#__codelineno-93-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-18" name="__codelineno-93-18" href="#__codelineno-93-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">recursion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-93-1" name="__codelineno-93-1" href="#__codelineno-93-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">for_loop_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4952,7 +4100,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3413,7 +3433,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+
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@@ -3479,31 +3504,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
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+          <a href="../" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 第 2 章 &amp;nbsp; 复杂度分析" rel="prev">
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+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../iteration_and_recursion/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 2.2 &amp;nbsp; 迭代与递归" rel="next">
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+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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index 5745c3bdf..e4de9ab29 100644
--- a/chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/index.html
+++ b/chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
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@@ -4071,306 +4091,75 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;函数&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;常数阶&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a>    <span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">10000</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a>    <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-13" name="__codelineno-36-13" href="#__codelineno-36-13"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-14" name="__codelineno-36-14" href="#__codelineno-36-14"></a>        <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-15" name="__codelineno-36-15" href="#__codelineno-36-15"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-16" name="__codelineno-36-16" href="#__codelineno-36-16"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-17" name="__codelineno-36-17" href="#__codelineno-36-17"></a>        <span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-16" name="__codelineno-37-16" href="#__codelineno-37-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-17" name="__codelineno-37-17" href="#__codelineno-37-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-18" name="__codelineno-37-18" href="#__codelineno-37-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-19" name="__codelineno-37-19" href="#__codelineno-37-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-20" name="__codelineno-37-20" href="#__codelineno-37-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-21" name="__codelineno-37-21" href="#__codelineno-37-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-22" name="__codelineno-37-22" href="#__codelineno-37-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-17" name="__codelineno-38-17" href="#__codelineno-38-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-18" name="__codelineno-38-18" href="#__codelineno-38-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-19" name="__codelineno-38-19" href="#__codelineno-38-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-20" name="__codelineno-38-20" href="#__codelineno-38-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-21" name="__codelineno-38-21" href="#__codelineno-38-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-22" name="__codelineno-38-22" href="#__codelineno-38-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">10000</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-13" name="__codelineno-39-13" href="#__codelineno-39-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-14" name="__codelineno-39-14" href="#__codelineno-39-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-15" name="__codelineno-39-15" href="#__codelineno-39-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-16" name="__codelineno-39-16" href="#__codelineno-39-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-17" name="__codelineno-39-17" href="#__codelineno-39-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-18" name="__codelineno-39-18" href="#__codelineno-39-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-19" name="__codelineno-39-19" href="#__codelineno-39-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-20" name="__codelineno-39-20" href="#__codelineno-39-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-21" name="__codelineno-39-21" href="#__codelineno-39-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-22" name="__codelineno-39-22" href="#__codelineno-39-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 执行某些操作...</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceConstant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-13" name="__codelineno-40-13" href="#__codelineno-40-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-14" name="__codelineno-40-14" href="#__codelineno-40-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-15" name="__codelineno-40-15" href="#__codelineno-40-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-16" name="__codelineno-40-16" href="#__codelineno-40-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-17" name="__codelineno-40-17" href="#__codelineno-40-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-18" name="__codelineno-40-18" href="#__codelineno-40-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-19" name="__codelineno-40-19" href="#__codelineno-40-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-20" name="__codelineno-40-20" href="#__codelineno-40-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-21" name="__codelineno-40-21" href="#__codelineno-40-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-22" name="__codelineno-40-22" href="#__codelineno-40-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-23" name="__codelineno-40-23" href="#__codelineno-40-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-24" name="__codelineno-40-24" href="#__codelineno-40-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">spaceConstant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a>    <span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">a</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">b</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-13" name="__codelineno-41-13" href="#__codelineno-41-13"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-14" name="__codelineno-41-14" href="#__codelineno-41-14"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-15" name="__codelineno-41-15" href="#__codelineno-41-15"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-16" name="__codelineno-41-16" href="#__codelineno-41-16"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-17" name="__codelineno-41-17" href="#__codelineno-41-17"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">c</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-18" name="__codelineno-41-18" href="#__codelineno-41-18"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-19" name="__codelineno-41-19" href="#__codelineno-41-19"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-20" name="__codelineno-41-20" href="#__codelineno-41-20"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-21" name="__codelineno-41-21" href="#__codelineno-41-21"></a>        <span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-22" name="__codelineno-41-22" href="#__codelineno-41-22"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-23" name="__codelineno-41-23" href="#__codelineno-41-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">10000</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-13" name="__codelineno-42-13" href="#__codelineno-42-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-14" name="__codelineno-42-14" href="#__codelineno-42-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-15" name="__codelineno-42-15" href="#__codelineno-42-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-16" name="__codelineno-42-16" href="#__codelineno-42-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-17" name="__codelineno-42-17" href="#__codelineno-42-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-18" name="__codelineno-42-18" href="#__codelineno-42-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-19" name="__codelineno-42-19" href="#__codelineno-42-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-20" name="__codelineno-42-20" href="#__codelineno-42-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-21" name="__codelineno-42-21" href="#__codelineno-42-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-22" name="__codelineno-42-22" href="#__codelineno-42-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">10000</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-13" name="__codelineno-43-13" href="#__codelineno-43-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-14" name="__codelineno-43-14" href="#__codelineno-43-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-15" name="__codelineno-43-15" href="#__codelineno-43-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-16" name="__codelineno-43-16" href="#__codelineno-43-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-17" name="__codelineno-43-17" href="#__codelineno-43-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-18" name="__codelineno-43-18" href="#__codelineno-43-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-19" name="__codelineno-43-19" href="#__codelineno-43-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-20" name="__codelineno-43-20" href="#__codelineno-43-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-21" name="__codelineno-43-21" href="#__codelineno-43-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-22" name="__codelineno-43-22" href="#__codelineno-43-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">10000</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-14" name="__codelineno-44-14" href="#__codelineno-44-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-15" name="__codelineno-44-15" href="#__codelineno-44-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-16" name="__codelineno-44-16" href="#__codelineno-44-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-17" name="__codelineno-44-17" href="#__codelineno-44-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-18" name="__codelineno-44-18" href="#__codelineno-44-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-19" name="__codelineno-44-19" href="#__codelineno-44-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-20" name="__codelineno-44-20" href="#__codelineno-44-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-21" name="__codelineno-44-21" href="#__codelineno-44-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-22" name="__codelineno-44-22" href="#__codelineno-44-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(unused)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-13" name="__codelineno-45-13" href="#__codelineno-45-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-14" name="__codelineno-45-14" href="#__codelineno-45-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-15" name="__codelineno-45-15" href="#__codelineno-45-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-16" name="__codelineno-45-16" href="#__codelineno-45-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-17" name="__codelineno-45-17" href="#__codelineno-45-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-18" name="__codelineno-45-18" href="#__codelineno-45-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-19" name="__codelineno-45-19" href="#__codelineno-45-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-20" name="__codelineno-45-20" href="#__codelineno-45-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-21" name="__codelineno-45-21" href="#__codelineno-45-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-22" name="__codelineno-45-22" href="#__codelineno-45-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-23" name="__codelineno-45-23" href="#__codelineno-45-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 执行某些操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-9" name="__codelineno-46-9" href="#__codelineno-46-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-10" name="__codelineno-46-10" href="#__codelineno-46-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-11" name="__codelineno-46-11" href="#__codelineno-46-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-12" name="__codelineno-46-12" href="#__codelineno-46-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-13" name="__codelineno-46-13" href="#__codelineno-46-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-14" name="__codelineno-46-14" href="#__codelineno-46-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-15" name="__codelineno-46-15" href="#__codelineno-46-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-16" name="__codelineno-46-16" href="#__codelineno-46-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-17" name="__codelineno-46-17" href="#__codelineno-46-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-18" name="__codelineno-46-18" href="#__codelineno-46-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-19" name="__codelineno-46-19" href="#__codelineno-46-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-20" name="__codelineno-46-20" href="#__codelineno-46-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-21" name="__codelineno-46-21" href="#__codelineno-46-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-22" name="__codelineno-46-22" href="#__codelineno-46-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-23" name="__codelineno-46-23" href="#__codelineno-46-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
 <div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="c1">// 常数阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">){.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-12" name="__codelineno-47-12" href="#__codelineno-47-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-13" name="__codelineno-47-13" href="#__codelineno-47-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-14" name="__codelineno-47-14" href="#__codelineno-47-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-15" name="__codelineno-47-15" href="#__codelineno-47-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-16" name="__codelineno-47-16" href="#__codelineno-47-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-17" name="__codelineno-47-17" href="#__codelineno-47-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-18" name="__codelineno-47-18" href="#__codelineno-47-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-19" name="__codelineno-47-19" href="#__codelineno-47-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-20" name="__codelineno-47-20" href="#__codelineno-47-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-21" name="__codelineno-47-21" href="#__codelineno-47-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-22" name="__codelineno-47-22" href="#__codelineno-47-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-23" name="__codelineno-47-23" href="#__codelineno-47-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-24" name="__codelineno-47-24" href="#__codelineno-47-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-25" name="__codelineno-47-25" href="#__codelineno-47-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4380,241 +4169,53 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;线性阶&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>    <span class="n">hmap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a>        <span class="n">hmap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-10" name="__codelineno-49-10" href="#__codelineno-49-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-11" name="__codelineno-49-11" href="#__codelineno-49-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">unordered_map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-12" name="__codelineno-49-12" href="#__codelineno-49-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-13" name="__codelineno-49-13" href="#__codelineno-49-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-14" name="__codelineno-49-14" href="#__codelineno-49-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-15" name="__codelineno-49-15" href="#__codelineno-49-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-11" name="__codelineno-50-11" href="#__codelineno-50-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-12" name="__codelineno-50-12" href="#__codelineno-50-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-13" name="__codelineno-50-13" href="#__codelineno-50-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">valueOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-14" name="__codelineno-50-14" href="#__codelineno-50-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-15" name="__codelineno-50-15" href="#__codelineno-50-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Dictionary</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-13" name="__codelineno-51-13" href="#__codelineno-51-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ToString</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-14" name="__codelineno-51-14" href="#__codelineno-51-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-15" name="__codelineno-51-15" href="#__codelineno-51-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceLinear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-12" name="__codelineno-52-12" href="#__codelineno-52-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-13" name="__codelineno-52-13" href="#__codelineno-52-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">strconv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Itoa</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-14" name="__codelineno-52-14" href="#__codelineno-52-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-15" name="__codelineno-52-15" href="#__codelineno-52-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">spaceLinear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">nodes</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="bp">map</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">map</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Dictionary</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">uniqueKeysWithValues</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="bp">map</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-12" name="__codelineno-54-12" href="#__codelineno-54-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-13" name="__codelineno-54-13" href="#__codelineno-54-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">toString</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-14" name="__codelineno-54-14" href="#__codelineno-54-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-15" name="__codelineno-54-15" href="#__codelineno-54-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-12" name="__codelineno-55-12" href="#__codelineno-55-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-13" name="__codelineno-55-13" href="#__codelineno-55-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">toString</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-14" name="__codelineno-55-14" href="#__codelineno-55-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-15" name="__codelineno-55-15" href="#__codelineno-55-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-10" name="__codelineno-56-10" href="#__codelineno-56-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-12" name="__codelineno-56-12" href="#__codelineno-56-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-13" name="__codelineno-56-13" href="#__codelineno-56-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">putIfAbsent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">toString</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-14" name="__codelineno-56-14" href="#__codelineno-56-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-15" name="__codelineno-56-15" href="#__codelineno-56-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(unused)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-12" name="__codelineno-57-12" href="#__codelineno-57-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-13" name="__codelineno-57-13" href="#__codelineno-57-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-14" name="__codelineno-57-14" href="#__codelineno-57-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-15" name="__codelineno-57-15" href="#__codelineno-57-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-16" name="__codelineno-57-16" href="#__codelineno-57-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">UT_hash_handle</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hh</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 基于 uthash.h 实现</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-11" name="__codelineno-58-11" href="#__codelineno-58-11"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-12" name="__codelineno-58-12" href="#__codelineno-58-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-13" name="__codelineno-58-13" href="#__codelineno-58-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-14" name="__codelineno-58-14" href="#__codelineno-58-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-15" name="__codelineno-58-15" href="#__codelineno-58-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-16" name="__codelineno-58-16" href="#__codelineno-58-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-17" name="__codelineno-58-17" href="#__codelineno-58-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-18" name="__codelineno-58-18" href="#__codelineno-58-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-19" name="__codelineno-58-19" href="#__codelineno-58-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-20" name="__codelineno-58-20" href="#__codelineno-58-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-21" name="__codelineno-58-21" href="#__codelineno-58-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 内存释放</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-22" name="__codelineno-58-22" href="#__codelineno-58-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-23" name="__codelineno-58-23" href="#__codelineno-58-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-24" name="__codelineno-58-24" href="#__codelineno-58-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-25" name="__codelineno-58-25" href="#__codelineno-58-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-26" name="__codelineno-58-26" href="#__codelineno-58-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-27" name="__codelineno-58-27" href="#__codelineno-58-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-28" name="__codelineno-58-28" href="#__codelineno-58-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-29" name="__codelineno-58-29" href="#__codelineno-58-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-30" name="__codelineno-58-30" href="#__codelineno-58-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-31" name="__codelineno-58-31" href="#__codelineno-58-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-32" name="__codelineno-58-32" href="#__codelineno-58-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-33" name="__codelineno-58-33" href="#__codelineno-58-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">HASH_ADD_INT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-34" name="__codelineno-58-34" href="#__codelineno-58-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-35" name="__codelineno-58-35" href="#__codelineno-58-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-36" name="__codelineno-58-36" href="#__codelineno-58-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 内存释放</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-37" name="__codelineno-58-37" href="#__codelineno-58-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">curr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-38" name="__codelineno-58-38" href="#__codelineno-58-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">HASH_ITER</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hh</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">curr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-39" name="__codelineno-58-39" href="#__codelineno-58-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">HASH_DEL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">curr</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-40" name="__codelineno-58-40" href="#__codelineno-58-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">curr</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-41" name="__codelineno-58-41" href="#__codelineno-58-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-42" name="__codelineno-58-42" href="#__codelineno-58-42"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="c1">// 线性阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-11" name="__codelineno-59-11" href="#__codelineno-59-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-12" name="__codelineno-59-12" href="#__codelineno-59-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-13" name="__codelineno-59-13" href="#__codelineno-59-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">AutoArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-14" name="__codelineno-59-14" href="#__codelineno-59-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-15" name="__codelineno-59-15" href="#__codelineno-59-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-16" name="__codelineno-59-16" href="#__codelineno-59-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-17" name="__codelineno-59-17" href="#__codelineno-59-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocPrint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;{d}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.{</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-18" name="__codelineno-59-18" href="#__codelineno-59-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-19" name="__codelineno-59-19" href="#__codelineno-59-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-20" name="__codelineno-59-20" href="#__codelineno-59-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-21" name="__codelineno-59-21" href="#__codelineno-59-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-22" name="__codelineno-59-22" href="#__codelineno-59-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4623,118 +4224,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;线性阶（递归实现）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a>    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;递归 n =&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-4" name="__codelineno-60-4" href="#__codelineno-60-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-5" name="__codelineno-60-5" href="#__codelineno-60-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-6" name="__codelineno-60-6" href="#__codelineno-60-6"></a>    <span class="n">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-4" name="__codelineno-61-4" href="#__codelineno-61-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-5" name="__codelineno-61-5" href="#__codelineno-61-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-6" name="__codelineno-61-6" href="#__codelineno-61-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-7" name="__codelineno-61-7" href="#__codelineno-61-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-5" name="__codelineno-62-5" href="#__codelineno-62-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-6" name="__codelineno-62-6" href="#__codelineno-62-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-7" name="__codelineno-62-7" href="#__codelineno-62-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-4" name="__codelineno-63-4" href="#__codelineno-63-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-5" name="__codelineno-63-5" href="#__codelineno-63-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-6" name="__codelineno-63-6" href="#__codelineno-63-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceLinearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n =&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">spaceLinearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">spaceLinearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-3" name="__codelineno-65-3" href="#__codelineno-65-3"></a>    <span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-4" name="__codelineno-65-4" href="#__codelineno-65-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-5" name="__codelineno-65-5" href="#__codelineno-65-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-6" name="__codelineno-65-6" href="#__codelineno-65-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-7" name="__codelineno-65-7" href="#__codelineno-65-7"></a>    <span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-8" name="__codelineno-65-8" href="#__codelineno-65-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-3" name="__codelineno-66-3" href="#__codelineno-66-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`递归 n = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-4" name="__codelineno-66-4" href="#__codelineno-66-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-5" name="__codelineno-66-5" href="#__codelineno-66-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-6" name="__codelineno-66-6" href="#__codelineno-66-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-3" name="__codelineno-67-3" href="#__codelineno-67-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`递归 n = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-4" name="__codelineno-67-4" href="#__codelineno-67-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-5" name="__codelineno-67-5" href="#__codelineno-67-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-6" name="__codelineno-67-6" href="#__codelineno-67-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-3" name="__codelineno-68-3" href="#__codelineno-68-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;递归 n = </span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-4" name="__codelineno-68-4" href="#__codelineno-68-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-5" name="__codelineno-68-5" href="#__codelineno-68-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-6" name="__codelineno-68-6" href="#__codelineno-68-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-3" name="__codelineno-69-3" href="#__codelineno-69-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = {}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-4" name="__codelineno-69-4" href="#__codelineno-69-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-5" name="__codelineno-69-5" href="#__codelineno-69-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-6" name="__codelineno-69-6" href="#__codelineno-69-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-2" name="__codelineno-70-2" href="#__codelineno-70-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-3" name="__codelineno-70-3" href="#__codelineno-70-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = %d</span><span class="se">\r\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-4" name="__codelineno-70-4" href="#__codelineno-70-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-5" name="__codelineno-70-5" href="#__codelineno-70-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-6" name="__codelineno-70-6" href="#__codelineno-70-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-7" name="__codelineno-70-7" href="#__codelineno-70-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="c1">// 线性阶（递归实现）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-2" name="__codelineno-71-2" href="#__codelineno-71-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-3" name="__codelineno-71-3" href="#__codelineno-71-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">debug</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = {}</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.{</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-4" name="__codelineno-71-4" href="#__codelineno-71-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-5" name="__codelineno-71-5" href="#__codelineno-71-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-6" name="__codelineno-71-6" href="#__codelineno-71-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4747,191 +4281,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="7:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_7_1" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_2" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_3" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_4" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_5" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_6" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_7" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_8" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_9" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_10" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_11" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_12" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_7_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_7_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_7_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_7_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_7_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_7_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_7_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_7_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_7_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_7_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;平方阶&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-4" name="__codelineno-72-4" href="#__codelineno-72-4"></a>    <span class="n">num_matrix</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-3" name="__codelineno-73-3" href="#__codelineno-73-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-4" name="__codelineno-73-4" href="#__codelineno-73-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-5" name="__codelineno-73-5" href="#__codelineno-73-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-6" name="__codelineno-73-6" href="#__codelineno-73-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-7" name="__codelineno-73-7" href="#__codelineno-73-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-8" name="__codelineno-73-8" href="#__codelineno-73-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-9" name="__codelineno-73-9" href="#__codelineno-73-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-10" name="__codelineno-73-10" href="#__codelineno-73-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-11" name="__codelineno-73-11" href="#__codelineno-73-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-12" name="__codelineno-73-12" href="#__codelineno-73-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-3" name="__codelineno-74-3" href="#__codelineno-74-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 矩阵占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-4" name="__codelineno-74-4" href="#__codelineno-74-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-5" name="__codelineno-74-5" href="#__codelineno-74-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-6" name="__codelineno-74-6" href="#__codelineno-74-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-7" name="__codelineno-74-7" href="#__codelineno-74-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-8" name="__codelineno-74-8" href="#__codelineno-74-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-9" name="__codelineno-74-9" href="#__codelineno-74-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-10" name="__codelineno-74-10" href="#__codelineno-74-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-11" name="__codelineno-74-11" href="#__codelineno-74-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-12" name="__codelineno-74-12" href="#__codelineno-74-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-13" name="__codelineno-74-13" href="#__codelineno-74-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-14" name="__codelineno-74-14" href="#__codelineno-74-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-2" name="__codelineno-75-2" href="#__codelineno-75-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-3" name="__codelineno-75-3" href="#__codelineno-75-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 矩阵占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-4" name="__codelineno-75-4" href="#__codelineno-75-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-5" name="__codelineno-75-5" href="#__codelineno-75-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-6" name="__codelineno-75-6" href="#__codelineno-75-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-7" name="__codelineno-75-7" href="#__codelineno-75-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-8" name="__codelineno-75-8" href="#__codelineno-75-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-9" name="__codelineno-75-9" href="#__codelineno-75-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-10" name="__codelineno-75-10" href="#__codelineno-75-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-11" name="__codelineno-75-11" href="#__codelineno-75-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-12" name="__codelineno-75-12" href="#__codelineno-75-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-13" name="__codelineno-75-13" href="#__codelineno-75-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-14" name="__codelineno-75-14" href="#__codelineno-75-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceQuadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-3" name="__codelineno-76-3" href="#__codelineno-76-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 矩阵占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-4" name="__codelineno-76-4" href="#__codelineno-76-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-5" name="__codelineno-76-5" href="#__codelineno-76-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-6" name="__codelineno-76-6" href="#__codelineno-76-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">numMatrix</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-7" name="__codelineno-76-7" href="#__codelineno-76-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-8" name="__codelineno-76-8" href="#__codelineno-76-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">spaceQuadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">numList</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 矩阵占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-4" name="__codelineno-78-4" href="#__codelineno-78-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-5" name="__codelineno-78-5" href="#__codelineno-78-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-6" name="__codelineno-78-6" href="#__codelineno-78-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-7" name="__codelineno-78-7" href="#__codelineno-78-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-8" name="__codelineno-78-8" href="#__codelineno-78-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-9" name="__codelineno-78-9" href="#__codelineno-78-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-10" name="__codelineno-78-10" href="#__codelineno-78-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-11" name="__codelineno-78-11" href="#__codelineno-78-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-12" name="__codelineno-78-12" href="#__codelineno-78-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-13" name="__codelineno-78-13" href="#__codelineno-78-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-14" name="__codelineno-78-14" href="#__codelineno-78-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-15" name="__codelineno-78-15" href="#__codelineno-78-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-16" name="__codelineno-78-16" href="#__codelineno-78-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 矩阵占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-4" name="__codelineno-79-4" href="#__codelineno-79-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-5" name="__codelineno-79-5" href="#__codelineno-79-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-6" name="__codelineno-79-6" href="#__codelineno-79-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-7" name="__codelineno-79-7" href="#__codelineno-79-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-8" name="__codelineno-79-8" href="#__codelineno-79-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-9" name="__codelineno-79-9" href="#__codelineno-79-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-10" name="__codelineno-79-10" href="#__codelineno-79-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-11" name="__codelineno-79-11" href="#__codelineno-79-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-12" name="__codelineno-79-12" href="#__codelineno-79-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-13" name="__codelineno-79-13" href="#__codelineno-79-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-14" name="__codelineno-79-14" href="#__codelineno-79-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-15" name="__codelineno-79-15" href="#__codelineno-79-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-16" name="__codelineno-79-16" href="#__codelineno-79-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 矩阵占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-4" name="__codelineno-80-4" href="#__codelineno-80-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-5" name="__codelineno-80-5" href="#__codelineno-80-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-6" name="__codelineno-80-6" href="#__codelineno-80-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-7" name="__codelineno-80-7" href="#__codelineno-80-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-8" name="__codelineno-80-8" href="#__codelineno-80-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-9" name="__codelineno-80-9" href="#__codelineno-80-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-10" name="__codelineno-80-10" href="#__codelineno-80-10"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-11" name="__codelineno-80-11" href="#__codelineno-80-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-12" name="__codelineno-80-12" href="#__codelineno-80-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-13" name="__codelineno-80-13" href="#__codelineno-80-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-14" name="__codelineno-80-14" href="#__codelineno-80-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(unused)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-4" name="__codelineno-81-4" href="#__codelineno-81-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 矩阵占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-5" name="__codelineno-81-5" href="#__codelineno-81-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_matrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-6" name="__codelineno-81-6" href="#__codelineno-81-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-7" name="__codelineno-81-7" href="#__codelineno-81-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-8" name="__codelineno-81-8" href="#__codelineno-81-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-9" name="__codelineno-81-9" href="#__codelineno-81-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-10" name="__codelineno-81-10" href="#__codelineno-81-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-11" name="__codelineno-81-11" href="#__codelineno-81-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-12" name="__codelineno-81-12" href="#__codelineno-81-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-13" name="__codelineno-81-13" href="#__codelineno-81-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">num_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-14" name="__codelineno-81-14" href="#__codelineno-81-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-15" name="__codelineno-81-15" href="#__codelineno-81-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-5" name="__codelineno-82-5" href="#__codelineno-82-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-6" name="__codelineno-82-6" href="#__codelineno-82-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-7" name="__codelineno-82-7" href="#__codelineno-82-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-8" name="__codelineno-82-8" href="#__codelineno-82-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-9" name="__codelineno-82-9" href="#__codelineno-82-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-10" name="__codelineno-82-10" href="#__codelineno-82-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-11" name="__codelineno-82-11" href="#__codelineno-82-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-12" name="__codelineno-82-12" href="#__codelineno-82-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-13" name="__codelineno-82-13" href="#__codelineno-82-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 内存释放</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-14" name="__codelineno-82-14" href="#__codelineno-82-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-15" name="__codelineno-82-15" href="#__codelineno-82-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-16" name="__codelineno-82-16" href="#__codelineno-82-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-17" name="__codelineno-82-17" href="#__codelineno-82-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-18" name="__codelineno-82-18" href="#__codelineno-82-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="c1">// 平方阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-2" name="__codelineno-83-2" href="#__codelineno-83-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-3" name="__codelineno-83-3" href="#__codelineno-83-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-4" name="__codelineno-83-4" href="#__codelineno-83-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-5" name="__codelineno-83-5" href="#__codelineno-83-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-6" name="__codelineno-83-6" href="#__codelineno-83-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-7" name="__codelineno-83-7" href="#__codelineno-83-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-8" name="__codelineno-83-8" href="#__codelineno-83-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-9" name="__codelineno-83-9" href="#__codelineno-83-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-10" name="__codelineno-83-10" href="#__codelineno-83-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-11" name="__codelineno-83-11" href="#__codelineno-83-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-12" name="__codelineno-83-12" href="#__codelineno-83-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-13" name="__codelineno-83-13" href="#__codelineno-83-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-14" name="__codelineno-83-14" href="#__codelineno-83-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-15" name="__codelineno-83-15" href="#__codelineno-83-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-16" name="__codelineno-83-16" href="#__codelineno-83-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4940,136 +4334,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="8:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_8_1" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_2" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_3" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_4" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_5" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_6" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_7" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_8" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_9" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_10" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_11" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_12" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_8_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_8_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_8_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_8_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_8_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_8_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_8_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_8_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_8_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_8_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_8_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_8_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-2" name="__codelineno-84-2" href="#__codelineno-84-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;平方阶（递归实现）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-3" name="__codelineno-84-3" href="#__codelineno-84-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-4" name="__codelineno-84-4" href="#__codelineno-84-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-5" name="__codelineno-84-5" href="#__codelineno-84-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 数组 nums 长度为 n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-6" name="__codelineno-84-6" href="#__codelineno-84-6"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-7" name="__codelineno-84-7" href="#__codelineno-84-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-2" name="__codelineno-85-2" href="#__codelineno-85-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-3" name="__codelineno-85-3" href="#__codelineno-85-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-4" name="__codelineno-85-4" href="#__codelineno-85-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-5" name="__codelineno-85-5" href="#__codelineno-85-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-6" name="__codelineno-85-6" href="#__codelineno-85-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; 中的 nums 长度 = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-7" name="__codelineno-85-7" href="#__codelineno-85-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-8" name="__codelineno-85-8" href="#__codelineno-85-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-2" name="__codelineno-86-2" href="#__codelineno-86-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-3" name="__codelineno-86-3" href="#__codelineno-86-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-4" name="__codelineno-86-4" href="#__codelineno-86-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-5" name="__codelineno-86-5" href="#__codelineno-86-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 数组 nums 长度为 n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-6" name="__codelineno-86-6" href="#__codelineno-86-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-7" name="__codelineno-86-7" href="#__codelineno-86-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; 中的 nums 长度 = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-8" name="__codelineno-86-8" href="#__codelineno-86-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-9" name="__codelineno-86-9" href="#__codelineno-86-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-2" name="__codelineno-87-2" href="#__codelineno-87-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-3" name="__codelineno-87-3" href="#__codelineno-87-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-4" name="__codelineno-87-4" href="#__codelineno-87-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-5" name="__codelineno-87-5" href="#__codelineno-87-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; 中的 nums 长度 = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-6" name="__codelineno-87-6" href="#__codelineno-87-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-7" name="__codelineno-87-7" href="#__codelineno-87-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-88-1" name="__codelineno-88-1" href="#__codelineno-88-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-2" name="__codelineno-88-2" href="#__codelineno-88-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceQuadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-3" name="__codelineno-88-3" href="#__codelineno-88-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-4" name="__codelineno-88-4" href="#__codelineno-88-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-5" name="__codelineno-88-5" href="#__codelineno-88-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-6" name="__codelineno-88-6" href="#__codelineno-88-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-7" name="__codelineno-88-7" href="#__codelineno-88-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = %d 中的 nums 长度 = %d \n&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-8" name="__codelineno-88-8" href="#__codelineno-88-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceQuadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-9" name="__codelineno-88-9" href="#__codelineno-88-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-88-1" name="__codelineno-88-1" href="#__codelineno-88-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">spaceQuadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-2" name="__codelineno-89-2" href="#__codelineno-89-2"></a><span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-3" name="__codelineno-89-3" href="#__codelineno-89-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-4" name="__codelineno-89-4" href="#__codelineno-89-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-5" name="__codelineno-89-5" href="#__codelineno-89-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-6" name="__codelineno-89-6" href="#__codelineno-89-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-7" name="__codelineno-89-7" href="#__codelineno-89-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 数组 nums 长度为 n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-8" name="__codelineno-89-8" href="#__codelineno-89-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-9" name="__codelineno-89-9" href="#__codelineno-89-9"></a>    <span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s"> 中的 nums 长度 = </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-10" name="__codelineno-89-10" href="#__codelineno-89-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-11" name="__codelineno-89-11" href="#__codelineno-89-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-2" name="__codelineno-90-2" href="#__codelineno-90-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-3" name="__codelineno-90-3" href="#__codelineno-90-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-4" name="__codelineno-90-4" href="#__codelineno-90-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-5" name="__codelineno-90-5" href="#__codelineno-90-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`递归 n = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb"> 中的 nums 长度 = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-6" name="__codelineno-90-6" href="#__codelineno-90-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-7" name="__codelineno-90-7" href="#__codelineno-90-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-91-1" name="__codelineno-91-1" href="#__codelineno-91-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-2" name="__codelineno-91-2" href="#__codelineno-91-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-3" name="__codelineno-91-3" href="#__codelineno-91-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-4" name="__codelineno-91-4" href="#__codelineno-91-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-5" name="__codelineno-91-5" href="#__codelineno-91-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`递归 n = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb"> 中的 nums 长度 = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-6" name="__codelineno-91-6" href="#__codelineno-91-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-7" name="__codelineno-91-7" href="#__codelineno-91-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-91-1" name="__codelineno-91-1" href="#__codelineno-91-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-92-1" name="__codelineno-92-1" href="#__codelineno-92-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-2" name="__codelineno-92-2" href="#__codelineno-92-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-3" name="__codelineno-92-3" href="#__codelineno-92-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-4" name="__codelineno-92-4" href="#__codelineno-92-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-5" name="__codelineno-92-5" href="#__codelineno-92-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;递归 n = </span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="s1"> 中的 nums 长度 = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-6" name="__codelineno-92-6" href="#__codelineno-92-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-7" name="__codelineno-92-7" href="#__codelineno-92-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-92-1" name="__codelineno-92-1" href="#__codelineno-92-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-93-1" name="__codelineno-93-1" href="#__codelineno-93-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-2" name="__codelineno-93-2" href="#__codelineno-93-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-3" name="__codelineno-93-3" href="#__codelineno-93-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-4" name="__codelineno-93-4" href="#__codelineno-93-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 数组 nums 长度为 n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-5" name="__codelineno-93-5" href="#__codelineno-93-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-6" name="__codelineno-93-6" href="#__codelineno-93-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = {} 中的 nums 长度 = {}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-7" name="__codelineno-93-7" href="#__codelineno-93-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-8" name="__codelineno-93-8" href="#__codelineno-93-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-93-1" name="__codelineno-93-1" href="#__codelineno-93-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-94-1" name="__codelineno-94-1" href="#__codelineno-94-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-2" name="__codelineno-94-2" href="#__codelineno-94-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-3" name="__codelineno-94-3" href="#__codelineno-94-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-4" name="__codelineno-94-4" href="#__codelineno-94-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-5" name="__codelineno-94-5" href="#__codelineno-94-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-6" name="__codelineno-94-6" href="#__codelineno-94-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = %d 中的 nums 长度 = %d</span><span class="se">\r\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-7" name="__codelineno-94-7" href="#__codelineno-94-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-8" name="__codelineno-94-8" href="#__codelineno-94-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-9" name="__codelineno-94-9" href="#__codelineno-94-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-10" name="__codelineno-94-10" href="#__codelineno-94-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-94-1" name="__codelineno-94-1" href="#__codelineno-94-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-95-1" name="__codelineno-95-1" href="#__codelineno-95-1"></a><span class="c1">// 平方阶（递归实现）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-2" name="__codelineno-95-2" href="#__codelineno-95-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-3" name="__codelineno-95-3" href="#__codelineno-95-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-4" name="__codelineno-95-4" href="#__codelineno-95-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-5" name="__codelineno-95-5" href="#__codelineno-95-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">debug</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;递归 n = {} 中的 nums 长度 = {}</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.{</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-6" name="__codelineno-95-6" href="#__codelineno-95-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-7" name="__codelineno-95-7" href="#__codelineno-95-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-95-1" name="__codelineno-95-1" href="#__codelineno-95-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5082,143 +4391,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="9:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_9_1" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_2" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_3" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_4" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_5" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_6" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_7" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_8" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_9" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_10" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_11" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_12" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_9_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_9_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_9_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_9_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_9_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_9_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_9_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_9_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_9_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_9_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_9_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_9_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-96-1" name="__codelineno-96-1" href="#__codelineno-96-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-2" name="__codelineno-96-2" href="#__codelineno-96-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;指数阶（建立满二叉树）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-3" name="__codelineno-96-3" href="#__codelineno-96-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-4" name="__codelineno-96-4" href="#__codelineno-96-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-5" name="__codelineno-96-5" href="#__codelineno-96-5"></a>    <span class="n">root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-6" name="__codelineno-96-6" href="#__codelineno-96-6"></a>    <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-7" name="__codelineno-96-7" href="#__codelineno-96-7"></a>    <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-8" name="__codelineno-96-8" href="#__codelineno-96-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">root</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-96-1" name="__codelineno-96-1" href="#__codelineno-96-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-97-1" name="__codelineno-97-1" href="#__codelineno-97-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-2" name="__codelineno-97-2" href="#__codelineno-97-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-3" name="__codelineno-97-3" href="#__codelineno-97-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-4" name="__codelineno-97-4" href="#__codelineno-97-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-5" name="__codelineno-97-5" href="#__codelineno-97-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-6" name="__codelineno-97-6" href="#__codelineno-97-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-7" name="__codelineno-97-7" href="#__codelineno-97-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-8" name="__codelineno-97-8" href="#__codelineno-97-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-9" name="__codelineno-97-9" href="#__codelineno-97-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-97-1" name="__codelineno-97-1" href="#__codelineno-97-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-98-1" name="__codelineno-98-1" href="#__codelineno-98-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-2" name="__codelineno-98-2" href="#__codelineno-98-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-3" name="__codelineno-98-3" href="#__codelineno-98-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-4" name="__codelineno-98-4" href="#__codelineno-98-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-5" name="__codelineno-98-5" href="#__codelineno-98-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-6" name="__codelineno-98-6" href="#__codelineno-98-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-7" name="__codelineno-98-7" href="#__codelineno-98-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-8" name="__codelineno-98-8" href="#__codelineno-98-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-9" name="__codelineno-98-9" href="#__codelineno-98-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-98-1" name="__codelineno-98-1" href="#__codelineno-98-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-99-1" name="__codelineno-99-1" href="#__codelineno-99-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-2" name="__codelineno-99-2" href="#__codelineno-99-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-3" name="__codelineno-99-3" href="#__codelineno-99-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-4" name="__codelineno-99-4" href="#__codelineno-99-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-5" name="__codelineno-99-5" href="#__codelineno-99-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-6" name="__codelineno-99-6" href="#__codelineno-99-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-7" name="__codelineno-99-7" href="#__codelineno-99-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-8" name="__codelineno-99-8" href="#__codelineno-99-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-99-1" name="__codelineno-99-1" href="#__codelineno-99-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">space_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-100-1" name="__codelineno-100-1" href="#__codelineno-100-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-2" name="__codelineno-100-2" href="#__codelineno-100-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">treeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-3" name="__codelineno-100-3" href="#__codelineno-100-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-4" name="__codelineno-100-4" href="#__codelineno-100-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-5" name="__codelineno-100-5" href="#__codelineno-100-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-6" name="__codelineno-100-6" href="#__codelineno-100-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-7" name="__codelineno-100-7" href="#__codelineno-100-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-8" name="__codelineno-100-8" href="#__codelineno-100-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-9" name="__codelineno-100-9" href="#__codelineno-100-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-10" name="__codelineno-100-10" href="#__codelineno-100-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-100-1" name="__codelineno-100-1" href="#__codelineno-100-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-101-1" name="__codelineno-101-1" href="#__codelineno-101-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-2" name="__codelineno-101-2" href="#__codelineno-101-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-3" name="__codelineno-101-3" href="#__codelineno-101-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-4" name="__codelineno-101-4" href="#__codelineno-101-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-5" name="__codelineno-101-5" href="#__codelineno-101-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-6" name="__codelineno-101-6" href="#__codelineno-101-6"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-7" name="__codelineno-101-7" href="#__codelineno-101-7"></a>    <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-8" name="__codelineno-101-8" href="#__codelineno-101-8"></a>    <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-9" name="__codelineno-101-9" href="#__codelineno-101-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-10" name="__codelineno-101-10" href="#__codelineno-101-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-101-1" name="__codelineno-101-1" href="#__codelineno-101-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-102-1" name="__codelineno-102-1" href="#__codelineno-102-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-2" name="__codelineno-102-2" href="#__codelineno-102-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-3" name="__codelineno-102-3" href="#__codelineno-102-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-4" name="__codelineno-102-4" href="#__codelineno-102-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-5" name="__codelineno-102-5" href="#__codelineno-102-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-6" name="__codelineno-102-6" href="#__codelineno-102-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-7" name="__codelineno-102-7" href="#__codelineno-102-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-8" name="__codelineno-102-8" href="#__codelineno-102-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-102-1" name="__codelineno-102-1" href="#__codelineno-102-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-103-1" name="__codelineno-103-1" href="#__codelineno-103-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-2" name="__codelineno-103-2" href="#__codelineno-103-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-3" name="__codelineno-103-3" href="#__codelineno-103-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-4" name="__codelineno-103-4" href="#__codelineno-103-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-5" name="__codelineno-103-5" href="#__codelineno-103-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-6" name="__codelineno-103-6" href="#__codelineno-103-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-7" name="__codelineno-103-7" href="#__codelineno-103-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-8" name="__codelineno-103-8" href="#__codelineno-103-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-103-1" name="__codelineno-103-1" href="#__codelineno-103-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-104-1" name="__codelineno-104-1" href="#__codelineno-104-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-2" name="__codelineno-104-2" href="#__codelineno-104-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-3" name="__codelineno-104-3" href="#__codelineno-104-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-4" name="__codelineno-104-4" href="#__codelineno-104-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-5" name="__codelineno-104-5" href="#__codelineno-104-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-6" name="__codelineno-104-6" href="#__codelineno-104-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-7" name="__codelineno-104-7" href="#__codelineno-104-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-8" name="__codelineno-104-8" href="#__codelineno-104-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-104-1" name="__codelineno-104-1" href="#__codelineno-104-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-105-1" name="__codelineno-105-1" href="#__codelineno-105-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-2" name="__codelineno-105-2" href="#__codelineno-105-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-3" name="__codelineno-105-3" href="#__codelineno-105-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-4" name="__codelineno-105-4" href="#__codelineno-105-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-5" name="__codelineno-105-5" href="#__codelineno-105-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-6" name="__codelineno-105-6" href="#__codelineno-105-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-7" name="__codelineno-105-7" href="#__codelineno-105-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-8" name="__codelineno-105-8" href="#__codelineno-105-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-105-1" name="__codelineno-105-1" href="#__codelineno-105-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-106-1" name="__codelineno-106-1" href="#__codelineno-106-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（建立满二叉树） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-2" name="__codelineno-106-2" href="#__codelineno-106-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-3" name="__codelineno-106-3" href="#__codelineno-106-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-4" name="__codelineno-106-4" href="#__codelineno-106-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-5" name="__codelineno-106-5" href="#__codelineno-106-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-6" name="__codelineno-106-6" href="#__codelineno-106-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-7" name="__codelineno-106-7" href="#__codelineno-106-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-8" name="__codelineno-106-8" href="#__codelineno-106-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-9" name="__codelineno-106-9" href="#__codelineno-106-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-106-1" name="__codelineno-106-1" href="#__codelineno-106-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-107-1" name="__codelineno-107-1" href="#__codelineno-107-1"></a><span class="c1">// 指数阶（建立满二叉树）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-2" name="__codelineno-107-2" href="#__codelineno-107-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-3" name="__codelineno-107-3" href="#__codelineno-107-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-4" name="__codelineno-107-4" href="#__codelineno-107-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-5" name="__codelineno-107-5" href="#__codelineno-107-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-6" name="__codelineno-107-6" href="#__codelineno-107-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-7" name="__codelineno-107-7" href="#__codelineno-107-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-8" name="__codelineno-107-8" href="#__codelineno-107-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-9" name="__codelineno-107-9" href="#__codelineno-107-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-107-1" name="__codelineno-107-1" href="#__codelineno-107-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5300,7 +4517,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+++ b/chapter_computational_complexity/summary/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
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@@ -3421,7 +3441,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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--- a/chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/index.html
+++ b/chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
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@@ -4317,142 +4337,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;常数阶&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>    <span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">100000</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">100000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100000</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">100_000</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>        <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">100000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">100000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">100000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100_000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 常数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="c1">// 常数阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="n">_000</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-11" name="__codelineno-59-11" href="#__codelineno-59-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4462,127 +4391,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;线性阶&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-4" name="__codelineno-60-4" href="#__codelineno-60-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-5" name="__codelineno-60-5" href="#__codelineno-60-5"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-6" name="__codelineno-60-6" href="#__codelineno-60-6"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-4" name="__codelineno-61-4" href="#__codelineno-61-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-5" name="__codelineno-61-5" href="#__codelineno-61-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-6" name="__codelineno-61-6" href="#__codelineno-61-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-7" name="__codelineno-61-7" href="#__codelineno-61-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-5" name="__codelineno-62-5" href="#__codelineno-62-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-6" name="__codelineno-62-6" href="#__codelineno-62-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-7" name="__codelineno-62-7" href="#__codelineno-62-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-4" name="__codelineno-63-4" href="#__codelineno-63-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-5" name="__codelineno-63-5" href="#__codelineno-63-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-6" name="__codelineno-63-6" href="#__codelineno-63-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-7" name="__codelineno-63-7" href="#__codelineno-63-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-3" name="__codelineno-65-3" href="#__codelineno-65-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-4" name="__codelineno-65-4" href="#__codelineno-65-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-5" name="__codelineno-65-5" href="#__codelineno-65-5"></a>        <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-6" name="__codelineno-65-6" href="#__codelineno-65-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-7" name="__codelineno-65-7" href="#__codelineno-65-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-8" name="__codelineno-65-8" href="#__codelineno-65-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-3" name="__codelineno-66-3" href="#__codelineno-66-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-4" name="__codelineno-66-4" href="#__codelineno-66-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-5" name="__codelineno-66-5" href="#__codelineno-66-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-6" name="__codelineno-66-6" href="#__codelineno-66-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-3" name="__codelineno-67-3" href="#__codelineno-67-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-4" name="__codelineno-67-4" href="#__codelineno-67-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-5" name="__codelineno-67-5" href="#__codelineno-67-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-6" name="__codelineno-67-6" href="#__codelineno-67-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-3" name="__codelineno-68-3" href="#__codelineno-68-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-4" name="__codelineno-68-4" href="#__codelineno-68-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-5" name="__codelineno-68-5" href="#__codelineno-68-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-6" name="__codelineno-68-6" href="#__codelineno-68-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-7" name="__codelineno-68-7" href="#__codelineno-68-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-8" name="__codelineno-68-8" href="#__codelineno-68-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-3" name="__codelineno-69-3" href="#__codelineno-69-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-4" name="__codelineno-69-4" href="#__codelineno-69-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-5" name="__codelineno-69-5" href="#__codelineno-69-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-6" name="__codelineno-69-6" href="#__codelineno-69-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-7" name="__codelineno-69-7" href="#__codelineno-69-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-8" name="__codelineno-69-8" href="#__codelineno-69-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-2" name="__codelineno-70-2" href="#__codelineno-70-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-3" name="__codelineno-70-3" href="#__codelineno-70-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-4" name="__codelineno-70-4" href="#__codelineno-70-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-5" name="__codelineno-70-5" href="#__codelineno-70-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-6" name="__codelineno-70-6" href="#__codelineno-70-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-7" name="__codelineno-70-7" href="#__codelineno-70-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-8" name="__codelineno-70-8" href="#__codelineno-70-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="c1">// 线性阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-2" name="__codelineno-71-2" href="#__codelineno-71-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-3" name="__codelineno-71-3" href="#__codelineno-71-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-4" name="__codelineno-71-4" href="#__codelineno-71-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-5" name="__codelineno-71-5" href="#__codelineno-71-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-6" name="__codelineno-71-6" href="#__codelineno-71-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-7" name="__codelineno-71-7" href="#__codelineno-71-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-8" name="__codelineno-71-8" href="#__codelineno-71-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-9" name="__codelineno-71-9" href="#__codelineno-71-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4591,145 +4444,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="7:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_7_1" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_2" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_3" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_4" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_5" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_6" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_7" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_8" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_9" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_10" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_11" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_12" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_7_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_7_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_7_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_7_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_7_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_7_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_7_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_7_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_7_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_7_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">array_traversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;线性阶（遍历数组）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-4" name="__codelineno-72-4" href="#__codelineno-72-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-5" name="__codelineno-72-5" href="#__codelineno-72-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-6" name="__codelineno-72-6" href="#__codelineno-72-6"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-7" name="__codelineno-72-7" href="#__codelineno-72-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">array_traversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-3" name="__codelineno-73-3" href="#__codelineno-73-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-4" name="__codelineno-73-4" href="#__codelineno-73-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-5" name="__codelineno-73-5" href="#__codelineno-73-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-6" name="__codelineno-73-6" href="#__codelineno-73-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-7" name="__codelineno-73-7" href="#__codelineno-73-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-8" name="__codelineno-73-8" href="#__codelineno-73-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-9" name="__codelineno-73-9" href="#__codelineno-73-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-3" name="__codelineno-74-3" href="#__codelineno-74-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-4" name="__codelineno-74-4" href="#__codelineno-74-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-5" name="__codelineno-74-5" href="#__codelineno-74-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-6" name="__codelineno-74-6" href="#__codelineno-74-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-7" name="__codelineno-74-7" href="#__codelineno-74-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-8" name="__codelineno-74-8" href="#__codelineno-74-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-9" name="__codelineno-74-9" href="#__codelineno-74-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-2" name="__codelineno-75-2" href="#__codelineno-75-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-3" name="__codelineno-75-3" href="#__codelineno-75-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-4" name="__codelineno-75-4" href="#__codelineno-75-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-5" name="__codelineno-75-5" href="#__codelineno-75-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-6" name="__codelineno-75-6" href="#__codelineno-75-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-7" name="__codelineno-75-7" href="#__codelineno-75-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-8" name="__codelineno-75-8" href="#__codelineno-75-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-9" name="__codelineno-75-9" href="#__codelineno-75-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-3" name="__codelineno-76-3" href="#__codelineno-76-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-4" name="__codelineno-76-4" href="#__codelineno-76-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-5" name="__codelineno-76-5" href="#__codelineno-76-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-6" name="__codelineno-76-6" href="#__codelineno-76-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-7" name="__codelineno-76-7" href="#__codelineno-76-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-8" name="__codelineno-76-8" href="#__codelineno-76-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-9" name="__codelineno-76-9" href="#__codelineno-76-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-6" name="__codelineno-77-6" href="#__codelineno-77-6"></a>        <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-7" name="__codelineno-77-7" href="#__codelineno-77-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-8" name="__codelineno-77-8" href="#__codelineno-77-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-9" name="__codelineno-77-9" href="#__codelineno-77-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-4" name="__codelineno-78-4" href="#__codelineno-78-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-5" name="__codelineno-78-5" href="#__codelineno-78-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-6" name="__codelineno-78-6" href="#__codelineno-78-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-7" name="__codelineno-78-7" href="#__codelineno-78-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-8" name="__codelineno-78-8" href="#__codelineno-78-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-9" name="__codelineno-78-9" href="#__codelineno-78-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-4" name="__codelineno-79-4" href="#__codelineno-79-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-5" name="__codelineno-79-5" href="#__codelineno-79-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-6" name="__codelineno-79-6" href="#__codelineno-79-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-7" name="__codelineno-79-7" href="#__codelineno-79-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-8" name="__codelineno-79-8" href="#__codelineno-79-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-9" name="__codelineno-79-9" href="#__codelineno-79-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-4" name="__codelineno-80-4" href="#__codelineno-80-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-5" name="__codelineno-80-5" href="#__codelineno-80-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-6" name="__codelineno-80-6" href="#__codelineno-80-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-7" name="__codelineno-80-7" href="#__codelineno-80-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-8" name="__codelineno-80-8" href="#__codelineno-80-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-9" name="__codelineno-80-9" href="#__codelineno-80-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">array_traversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-4" name="__codelineno-81-4" href="#__codelineno-81-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-5" name="__codelineno-81-5" href="#__codelineno-81-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-6" name="__codelineno-81-6" href="#__codelineno-81-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-7" name="__codelineno-81-7" href="#__codelineno-81-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-8" name="__codelineno-81-8" href="#__codelineno-81-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-9" name="__codelineno-81-9" href="#__codelineno-81-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">array_traversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性阶（遍历数组） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-5" name="__codelineno-82-5" href="#__codelineno-82-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-6" name="__codelineno-82-6" href="#__codelineno-82-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-7" name="__codelineno-82-7" href="#__codelineno-82-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-8" name="__codelineno-82-8" href="#__codelineno-82-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-9" name="__codelineno-82-9" href="#__codelineno-82-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="c1">// 线性阶（遍历数组）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-2" name="__codelineno-83-2" href="#__codelineno-83-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-3" name="__codelineno-83-3" href="#__codelineno-83-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-4" name="__codelineno-83-4" href="#__codelineno-83-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-5" name="__codelineno-83-5" href="#__codelineno-83-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-6" name="__codelineno-83-6" href="#__codelineno-83-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-7" name="__codelineno-83-7" href="#__codelineno-83-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-8" name="__codelineno-83-8" href="#__codelineno-83-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-9" name="__codelineno-83-9" href="#__codelineno-83-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayTraversal</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4740,170 +4499,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-2" name="__codelineno-84-2" href="#__codelineno-84-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;平方阶&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-3" name="__codelineno-84-3" href="#__codelineno-84-3"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-4" name="__codelineno-84-4" href="#__codelineno-84-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-5" name="__codelineno-84-5" href="#__codelineno-84-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-6" name="__codelineno-84-6" href="#__codelineno-84-6"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-7" name="__codelineno-84-7" href="#__codelineno-84-7"></a>            <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-8" name="__codelineno-84-8" href="#__codelineno-84-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-2" name="__codelineno-85-2" href="#__codelineno-85-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-3" name="__codelineno-85-3" href="#__codelineno-85-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-4" name="__codelineno-85-4" href="#__codelineno-85-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-5" name="__codelineno-85-5" href="#__codelineno-85-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-6" name="__codelineno-85-6" href="#__codelineno-85-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-7" name="__codelineno-85-7" href="#__codelineno-85-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-8" name="__codelineno-85-8" href="#__codelineno-85-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-9" name="__codelineno-85-9" href="#__codelineno-85-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-10" name="__codelineno-85-10" href="#__codelineno-85-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-11" name="__codelineno-85-11" href="#__codelineno-85-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-2" name="__codelineno-86-2" href="#__codelineno-86-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-3" name="__codelineno-86-3" href="#__codelineno-86-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-4" name="__codelineno-86-4" href="#__codelineno-86-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-5" name="__codelineno-86-5" href="#__codelineno-86-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-6" name="__codelineno-86-6" href="#__codelineno-86-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-7" name="__codelineno-86-7" href="#__codelineno-86-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-8" name="__codelineno-86-8" href="#__codelineno-86-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-9" name="__codelineno-86-9" href="#__codelineno-86-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-10" name="__codelineno-86-10" href="#__codelineno-86-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-11" name="__codelineno-86-11" href="#__codelineno-86-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-2" name="__codelineno-87-2" href="#__codelineno-87-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-3" name="__codelineno-87-3" href="#__codelineno-87-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-4" name="__codelineno-87-4" href="#__codelineno-87-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-5" name="__codelineno-87-5" href="#__codelineno-87-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-6" name="__codelineno-87-6" href="#__codelineno-87-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-7" name="__codelineno-87-7" href="#__codelineno-87-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-8" name="__codelineno-87-8" href="#__codelineno-87-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-9" name="__codelineno-87-9" href="#__codelineno-87-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-10" name="__codelineno-87-10" href="#__codelineno-87-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-11" name="__codelineno-87-11" href="#__codelineno-87-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-88-1" name="__codelineno-88-1" href="#__codelineno-88-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-2" name="__codelineno-88-2" href="#__codelineno-88-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-3" name="__codelineno-88-3" href="#__codelineno-88-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-4" name="__codelineno-88-4" href="#__codelineno-88-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-5" name="__codelineno-88-5" href="#__codelineno-88-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-6" name="__codelineno-88-6" href="#__codelineno-88-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-7" name="__codelineno-88-7" href="#__codelineno-88-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-8" name="__codelineno-88-8" href="#__codelineno-88-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-9" name="__codelineno-88-9" href="#__codelineno-88-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-10" name="__codelineno-88-10" href="#__codelineno-88-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-11" name="__codelineno-88-11" href="#__codelineno-88-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-88-1" name="__codelineno-88-1" href="#__codelineno-88-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-2" name="__codelineno-89-2" href="#__codelineno-89-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-3" name="__codelineno-89-3" href="#__codelineno-89-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-4" name="__codelineno-89-4" href="#__codelineno-89-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-5" name="__codelineno-89-5" href="#__codelineno-89-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-6" name="__codelineno-89-6" href="#__codelineno-89-6"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-7" name="__codelineno-89-7" href="#__codelineno-89-7"></a>            <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-8" name="__codelineno-89-8" href="#__codelineno-89-8"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-9" name="__codelineno-89-9" href="#__codelineno-89-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-10" name="__codelineno-89-10" href="#__codelineno-89-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-11" name="__codelineno-89-11" href="#__codelineno-89-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-2" name="__codelineno-90-2" href="#__codelineno-90-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-3" name="__codelineno-90-3" href="#__codelineno-90-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-4" name="__codelineno-90-4" href="#__codelineno-90-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-5" name="__codelineno-90-5" href="#__codelineno-90-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-6" name="__codelineno-90-6" href="#__codelineno-90-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-7" name="__codelineno-90-7" href="#__codelineno-90-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-8" name="__codelineno-90-8" href="#__codelineno-90-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-9" name="__codelineno-90-9" href="#__codelineno-90-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-10" name="__codelineno-90-10" href="#__codelineno-90-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-11" name="__codelineno-90-11" href="#__codelineno-90-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-91-1" name="__codelineno-91-1" href="#__codelineno-91-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-2" name="__codelineno-91-2" href="#__codelineno-91-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-3" name="__codelineno-91-3" href="#__codelineno-91-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-4" name="__codelineno-91-4" href="#__codelineno-91-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-5" name="__codelineno-91-5" href="#__codelineno-91-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-6" name="__codelineno-91-6" href="#__codelineno-91-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-7" name="__codelineno-91-7" href="#__codelineno-91-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-8" name="__codelineno-91-8" href="#__codelineno-91-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-9" name="__codelineno-91-9" href="#__codelineno-91-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-10" name="__codelineno-91-10" href="#__codelineno-91-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-11" name="__codelineno-91-11" href="#__codelineno-91-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-91-1" name="__codelineno-91-1" href="#__codelineno-91-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-92-1" name="__codelineno-92-1" href="#__codelineno-92-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-2" name="__codelineno-92-2" href="#__codelineno-92-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-3" name="__codelineno-92-3" href="#__codelineno-92-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-4" name="__codelineno-92-4" href="#__codelineno-92-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-5" name="__codelineno-92-5" href="#__codelineno-92-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-6" name="__codelineno-92-6" href="#__codelineno-92-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-7" name="__codelineno-92-7" href="#__codelineno-92-7"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-8" name="__codelineno-92-8" href="#__codelineno-92-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-9" name="__codelineno-92-9" href="#__codelineno-92-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-10" name="__codelineno-92-10" href="#__codelineno-92-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-11" name="__codelineno-92-11" href="#__codelineno-92-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-92-1" name="__codelineno-92-1" href="#__codelineno-92-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-93-1" name="__codelineno-93-1" href="#__codelineno-93-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-2" name="__codelineno-93-2" href="#__codelineno-93-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-3" name="__codelineno-93-3" href="#__codelineno-93-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-4" name="__codelineno-93-4" href="#__codelineno-93-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-5" name="__codelineno-93-5" href="#__codelineno-93-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-6" name="__codelineno-93-6" href="#__codelineno-93-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-7" name="__codelineno-93-7" href="#__codelineno-93-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-8" name="__codelineno-93-8" href="#__codelineno-93-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-9" name="__codelineno-93-9" href="#__codelineno-93-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-10" name="__codelineno-93-10" href="#__codelineno-93-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-11" name="__codelineno-93-11" href="#__codelineno-93-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-93-1" name="__codelineno-93-1" href="#__codelineno-93-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-94-1" name="__codelineno-94-1" href="#__codelineno-94-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-2" name="__codelineno-94-2" href="#__codelineno-94-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-3" name="__codelineno-94-3" href="#__codelineno-94-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-4" name="__codelineno-94-4" href="#__codelineno-94-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-5" name="__codelineno-94-5" href="#__codelineno-94-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-6" name="__codelineno-94-6" href="#__codelineno-94-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-7" name="__codelineno-94-7" href="#__codelineno-94-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-8" name="__codelineno-94-8" href="#__codelineno-94-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-9" name="__codelineno-94-9" href="#__codelineno-94-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-10" name="__codelineno-94-10" href="#__codelineno-94-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-11" name="__codelineno-94-11" href="#__codelineno-94-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-94-1" name="__codelineno-94-1" href="#__codelineno-94-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-95-1" name="__codelineno-95-1" href="#__codelineno-95-1"></a><span class="c1">// 平方阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-2" name="__codelineno-95-2" href="#__codelineno-95-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-3" name="__codelineno-95-3" href="#__codelineno-95-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-4" name="__codelineno-95-4" href="#__codelineno-95-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-5" name="__codelineno-95-5" href="#__codelineno-95-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-6" name="__codelineno-95-6" href="#__codelineno-95-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-7" name="__codelineno-95-7" href="#__codelineno-95-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-8" name="__codelineno-95-8" href="#__codelineno-95-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-9" name="__codelineno-95-9" href="#__codelineno-95-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-10" name="__codelineno-95-10" href="#__codelineno-95-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-11" name="__codelineno-95-11" href="#__codelineno-95-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-12" name="__codelineno-95-12" href="#__codelineno-95-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-13" name="__codelineno-95-13" href="#__codelineno-95-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-95-1" name="__codelineno-95-1" href="#__codelineno-95-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4916,251 +4556,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-96-1" name="__codelineno-96-1" href="#__codelineno-96-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-2" name="__codelineno-96-2" href="#__codelineno-96-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;平方阶（冒泡排序）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-3" name="__codelineno-96-3" href="#__codelineno-96-3"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-4" name="__codelineno-96-4" href="#__codelineno-96-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-5" name="__codelineno-96-5" href="#__codelineno-96-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-6" name="__codelineno-96-6" href="#__codelineno-96-6"></a>        <span class="c1"># 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-7" name="__codelineno-96-7" href="#__codelineno-96-7"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-8" name="__codelineno-96-8" href="#__codelineno-96-8"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-9" name="__codelineno-96-9" href="#__codelineno-96-9"></a>                <span class="c1"># 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-10" name="__codelineno-96-10" href="#__codelineno-96-10"></a>                <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-11" name="__codelineno-96-11" href="#__codelineno-96-11"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-12" name="__codelineno-96-12" href="#__codelineno-96-12"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-13" name="__codelineno-96-13" href="#__codelineno-96-13"></a>                <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>  <span class="c1"># 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-96-14" name="__codelineno-96-14" href="#__codelineno-96-14"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-96-1" name="__codelineno-96-1" href="#__codelineno-96-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-97-1" name="__codelineno-97-1" href="#__codelineno-97-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-2" name="__codelineno-97-2" href="#__codelineno-97-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-3" name="__codelineno-97-3" href="#__codelineno-97-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-4" name="__codelineno-97-4" href="#__codelineno-97-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-5" name="__codelineno-97-5" href="#__codelineno-97-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-6" name="__codelineno-97-6" href="#__codelineno-97-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-7" name="__codelineno-97-7" href="#__codelineno-97-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-8" name="__codelineno-97-8" href="#__codelineno-97-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-9" name="__codelineno-97-9" href="#__codelineno-97-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-10" name="__codelineno-97-10" href="#__codelineno-97-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-11" name="__codelineno-97-11" href="#__codelineno-97-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-12" name="__codelineno-97-12" href="#__codelineno-97-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-13" name="__codelineno-97-13" href="#__codelineno-97-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-14" name="__codelineno-97-14" href="#__codelineno-97-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-15" name="__codelineno-97-15" href="#__codelineno-97-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-16" name="__codelineno-97-16" href="#__codelineno-97-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-17" name="__codelineno-97-17" href="#__codelineno-97-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-97-18" name="__codelineno-97-18" href="#__codelineno-97-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-97-1" name="__codelineno-97-1" href="#__codelineno-97-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-98-1" name="__codelineno-98-1" href="#__codelineno-98-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-2" name="__codelineno-98-2" href="#__codelineno-98-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-3" name="__codelineno-98-3" href="#__codelineno-98-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-4" name="__codelineno-98-4" href="#__codelineno-98-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-5" name="__codelineno-98-5" href="#__codelineno-98-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-6" name="__codelineno-98-6" href="#__codelineno-98-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-7" name="__codelineno-98-7" href="#__codelineno-98-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-8" name="__codelineno-98-8" href="#__codelineno-98-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-9" name="__codelineno-98-9" href="#__codelineno-98-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-10" name="__codelineno-98-10" href="#__codelineno-98-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-11" name="__codelineno-98-11" href="#__codelineno-98-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-12" name="__codelineno-98-12" href="#__codelineno-98-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-13" name="__codelineno-98-13" href="#__codelineno-98-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-14" name="__codelineno-98-14" href="#__codelineno-98-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-15" name="__codelineno-98-15" href="#__codelineno-98-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-16" name="__codelineno-98-16" href="#__codelineno-98-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-17" name="__codelineno-98-17" href="#__codelineno-98-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-98-18" name="__codelineno-98-18" href="#__codelineno-98-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-98-1" name="__codelineno-98-1" href="#__codelineno-98-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-99-1" name="__codelineno-99-1" href="#__codelineno-99-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-2" name="__codelineno-99-2" href="#__codelineno-99-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-3" name="__codelineno-99-3" href="#__codelineno-99-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-4" name="__codelineno-99-4" href="#__codelineno-99-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-5" name="__codelineno-99-5" href="#__codelineno-99-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-6" name="__codelineno-99-6" href="#__codelineno-99-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-7" name="__codelineno-99-7" href="#__codelineno-99-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-8" name="__codelineno-99-8" href="#__codelineno-99-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-9" name="__codelineno-99-9" href="#__codelineno-99-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-10" name="__codelineno-99-10" href="#__codelineno-99-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-11" name="__codelineno-99-11" href="#__codelineno-99-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-12" name="__codelineno-99-12" href="#__codelineno-99-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-13" name="__codelineno-99-13" href="#__codelineno-99-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-14" name="__codelineno-99-14" href="#__codelineno-99-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-15" name="__codelineno-99-15" href="#__codelineno-99-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-99-16" name="__codelineno-99-16" href="#__codelineno-99-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-99-1" name="__codelineno-99-1" href="#__codelineno-99-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-100-1" name="__codelineno-100-1" href="#__codelineno-100-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-2" name="__codelineno-100-2" href="#__codelineno-100-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-3" name="__codelineno-100-3" href="#__codelineno-100-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-4" name="__codelineno-100-4" href="#__codelineno-100-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-5" name="__codelineno-100-5" href="#__codelineno-100-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-6" name="__codelineno-100-6" href="#__codelineno-100-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-7" name="__codelineno-100-7" href="#__codelineno-100-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-8" name="__codelineno-100-8" href="#__codelineno-100-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-9" name="__codelineno-100-9" href="#__codelineno-100-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-10" name="__codelineno-100-10" href="#__codelineno-100-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-11" name="__codelineno-100-11" href="#__codelineno-100-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-12" name="__codelineno-100-12" href="#__codelineno-100-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-13" name="__codelineno-100-13" href="#__codelineno-100-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-14" name="__codelineno-100-14" href="#__codelineno-100-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-15" name="__codelineno-100-15" href="#__codelineno-100-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-16" name="__codelineno-100-16" href="#__codelineno-100-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-17" name="__codelineno-100-17" href="#__codelineno-100-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-100-18" name="__codelineno-100-18" href="#__codelineno-100-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-100-1" name="__codelineno-100-1" href="#__codelineno-100-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-101-1" name="__codelineno-101-1" href="#__codelineno-101-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-2" name="__codelineno-101-2" href="#__codelineno-101-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-3" name="__codelineno-101-3" href="#__codelineno-101-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-4" name="__codelineno-101-4" href="#__codelineno-101-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-5" name="__codelineno-101-5" href="#__codelineno-101-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-6" name="__codelineno-101-6" href="#__codelineno-101-6"></a>        <span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-7" name="__codelineno-101-7" href="#__codelineno-101-7"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-8" name="__codelineno-101-8" href="#__codelineno-101-8"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-9" name="__codelineno-101-9" href="#__codelineno-101-9"></a>                <span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-10" name="__codelineno-101-10" href="#__codelineno-101-10"></a>                <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">tmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-11" name="__codelineno-101-11" href="#__codelineno-101-11"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-12" name="__codelineno-101-12" href="#__codelineno-101-12"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-13" name="__codelineno-101-13" href="#__codelineno-101-13"></a>                <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-14" name="__codelineno-101-14" href="#__codelineno-101-14"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-15" name="__codelineno-101-15" href="#__codelineno-101-15"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-16" name="__codelineno-101-16" href="#__codelineno-101-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-17" name="__codelineno-101-17" href="#__codelineno-101-17"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-101-18" name="__codelineno-101-18" href="#__codelineno-101-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-101-1" name="__codelineno-101-1" href="#__codelineno-101-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-102-1" name="__codelineno-102-1" href="#__codelineno-102-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-2" name="__codelineno-102-2" href="#__codelineno-102-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-3" name="__codelineno-102-3" href="#__codelineno-102-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-4" name="__codelineno-102-4" href="#__codelineno-102-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-5" name="__codelineno-102-5" href="#__codelineno-102-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-6" name="__codelineno-102-6" href="#__codelineno-102-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-7" name="__codelineno-102-7" href="#__codelineno-102-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-8" name="__codelineno-102-8" href="#__codelineno-102-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-9" name="__codelineno-102-9" href="#__codelineno-102-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-10" name="__codelineno-102-10" href="#__codelineno-102-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-11" name="__codelineno-102-11" href="#__codelineno-102-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-12" name="__codelineno-102-12" href="#__codelineno-102-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-13" name="__codelineno-102-13" href="#__codelineno-102-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-14" name="__codelineno-102-14" href="#__codelineno-102-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-15" name="__codelineno-102-15" href="#__codelineno-102-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-16" name="__codelineno-102-16" href="#__codelineno-102-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-17" name="__codelineno-102-17" href="#__codelineno-102-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-102-18" name="__codelineno-102-18" href="#__codelineno-102-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-102-1" name="__codelineno-102-1" href="#__codelineno-102-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-103-1" name="__codelineno-103-1" href="#__codelineno-103-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-2" name="__codelineno-103-2" href="#__codelineno-103-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-3" name="__codelineno-103-3" href="#__codelineno-103-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-4" name="__codelineno-103-4" href="#__codelineno-103-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-5" name="__codelineno-103-5" href="#__codelineno-103-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-6" name="__codelineno-103-6" href="#__codelineno-103-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-7" name="__codelineno-103-7" href="#__codelineno-103-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-8" name="__codelineno-103-8" href="#__codelineno-103-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-9" name="__codelineno-103-9" href="#__codelineno-103-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-10" name="__codelineno-103-10" href="#__codelineno-103-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-11" name="__codelineno-103-11" href="#__codelineno-103-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-12" name="__codelineno-103-12" href="#__codelineno-103-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-13" name="__codelineno-103-13" href="#__codelineno-103-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-14" name="__codelineno-103-14" href="#__codelineno-103-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-15" name="__codelineno-103-15" href="#__codelineno-103-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-16" name="__codelineno-103-16" href="#__codelineno-103-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-17" name="__codelineno-103-17" href="#__codelineno-103-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-103-18" name="__codelineno-103-18" href="#__codelineno-103-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-103-1" name="__codelineno-103-1" href="#__codelineno-103-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-104-1" name="__codelineno-104-1" href="#__codelineno-104-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-2" name="__codelineno-104-2" href="#__codelineno-104-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-3" name="__codelineno-104-3" href="#__codelineno-104-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-4" name="__codelineno-104-4" href="#__codelineno-104-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-5" name="__codelineno-104-5" href="#__codelineno-104-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-6" name="__codelineno-104-6" href="#__codelineno-104-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-7" name="__codelineno-104-7" href="#__codelineno-104-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-8" name="__codelineno-104-8" href="#__codelineno-104-8"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-9" name="__codelineno-104-9" href="#__codelineno-104-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-10" name="__codelineno-104-10" href="#__codelineno-104-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-11" name="__codelineno-104-11" href="#__codelineno-104-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-12" name="__codelineno-104-12" href="#__codelineno-104-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-13" name="__codelineno-104-13" href="#__codelineno-104-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-14" name="__codelineno-104-14" href="#__codelineno-104-14"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-15" name="__codelineno-104-15" href="#__codelineno-104-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-16" name="__codelineno-104-16" href="#__codelineno-104-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-17" name="__codelineno-104-17" href="#__codelineno-104-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-104-18" name="__codelineno-104-18" href="#__codelineno-104-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-104-1" name="__codelineno-104-1" href="#__codelineno-104-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-105-1" name="__codelineno-105-1" href="#__codelineno-105-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-2" name="__codelineno-105-2" href="#__codelineno-105-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-3" name="__codelineno-105-3" href="#__codelineno-105-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-4" name="__codelineno-105-4" href="#__codelineno-105-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-5" name="__codelineno-105-5" href="#__codelineno-105-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-6" name="__codelineno-105-6" href="#__codelineno-105-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-7" name="__codelineno-105-7" href="#__codelineno-105-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-8" name="__codelineno-105-8" href="#__codelineno-105-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-9" name="__codelineno-105-9" href="#__codelineno-105-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-10" name="__codelineno-105-10" href="#__codelineno-105-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-11" name="__codelineno-105-11" href="#__codelineno-105-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-12" name="__codelineno-105-12" href="#__codelineno-105-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-13" name="__codelineno-105-13" href="#__codelineno-105-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-14" name="__codelineno-105-14" href="#__codelineno-105-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-15" name="__codelineno-105-15" href="#__codelineno-105-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-16" name="__codelineno-105-16" href="#__codelineno-105-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-17" name="__codelineno-105-17" href="#__codelineno-105-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-105-18" name="__codelineno-105-18" href="#__codelineno-105-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-105-1" name="__codelineno-105-1" href="#__codelineno-105-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-106-1" name="__codelineno-106-1" href="#__codelineno-106-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 平方阶（冒泡排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-2" name="__codelineno-106-2" href="#__codelineno-106-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-3" name="__codelineno-106-3" href="#__codelineno-106-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计数器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-4" name="__codelineno-106-4" href="#__codelineno-106-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-5" name="__codelineno-106-5" href="#__codelineno-106-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-6" name="__codelineno-106-6" href="#__codelineno-106-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-7" name="__codelineno-106-7" href="#__codelineno-106-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-8" name="__codelineno-106-8" href="#__codelineno-106-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-9" name="__codelineno-106-9" href="#__codelineno-106-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-10" name="__codelineno-106-10" href="#__codelineno-106-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-11" name="__codelineno-106-11" href="#__codelineno-106-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-12" name="__codelineno-106-12" href="#__codelineno-106-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-13" name="__codelineno-106-13" href="#__codelineno-106-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-14" name="__codelineno-106-14" href="#__codelineno-106-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-15" name="__codelineno-106-15" href="#__codelineno-106-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-16" name="__codelineno-106-16" href="#__codelineno-106-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-17" name="__codelineno-106-17" href="#__codelineno-106-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-106-18" name="__codelineno-106-18" href="#__codelineno-106-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-106-1" name="__codelineno-106-1" href="#__codelineno-106-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-107-1" name="__codelineno-107-1" href="#__codelineno-107-1"></a><span class="c1">// 平方阶（冒泡排序）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-2" name="__codelineno-107-2" href="#__codelineno-107-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-3" name="__codelineno-107-3" href="#__codelineno-107-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 计数器 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-4" name="__codelineno-107-4" href="#__codelineno-107-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-5" name="__codelineno-107-5" href="#__codelineno-107-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-6" name="__codelineno-107-6" href="#__codelineno-107-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-7" name="__codelineno-107-7" href="#__codelineno-107-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-8" name="__codelineno-107-8" href="#__codelineno-107-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-9" name="__codelineno-107-9" href="#__codelineno-107-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-10" name="__codelineno-107-10" href="#__codelineno-107-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-11" name="__codelineno-107-11" href="#__codelineno-107-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-12" name="__codelineno-107-12" href="#__codelineno-107-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-13" name="__codelineno-107-13" href="#__codelineno-107-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-14" name="__codelineno-107-14" href="#__codelineno-107-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-15" name="__codelineno-107-15" href="#__codelineno-107-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-16" name="__codelineno-107-16" href="#__codelineno-107-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-17" name="__codelineno-107-17" href="#__codelineno-107-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-18" name="__codelineno-107-18" href="#__codelineno-107-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-19" name="__codelineno-107-19" href="#__codelineno-107-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-107-20" name="__codelineno-107-20" href="#__codelineno-107-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-107-1" name="__codelineno-107-1" href="#__codelineno-107-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5171,201 +4611,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-108-1" name="__codelineno-108-1" href="#__codelineno-108-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-2" name="__codelineno-108-2" href="#__codelineno-108-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;指数阶（循环实现）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-3" name="__codelineno-108-3" href="#__codelineno-108-3"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-4" name="__codelineno-108-4" href="#__codelineno-108-4"></a>    <span class="n">base</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-5" name="__codelineno-108-5" href="#__codelineno-108-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-6" name="__codelineno-108-6" href="#__codelineno-108-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-7" name="__codelineno-108-7" href="#__codelineno-108-7"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-8" name="__codelineno-108-8" href="#__codelineno-108-8"></a>            <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-9" name="__codelineno-108-9" href="#__codelineno-108-9"></a>        <span class="n">base</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-10" name="__codelineno-108-10" href="#__codelineno-108-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-108-11" name="__codelineno-108-11" href="#__codelineno-108-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-108-1" name="__codelineno-108-1" href="#__codelineno-108-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-109-1" name="__codelineno-109-1" href="#__codelineno-109-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-2" name="__codelineno-109-2" href="#__codelineno-109-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-3" name="__codelineno-109-3" href="#__codelineno-109-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-4" name="__codelineno-109-4" href="#__codelineno-109-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-5" name="__codelineno-109-5" href="#__codelineno-109-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-6" name="__codelineno-109-6" href="#__codelineno-109-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-7" name="__codelineno-109-7" href="#__codelineno-109-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-8" name="__codelineno-109-8" href="#__codelineno-109-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-9" name="__codelineno-109-9" href="#__codelineno-109-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-10" name="__codelineno-109-10" href="#__codelineno-109-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-11" name="__codelineno-109-11" href="#__codelineno-109-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-12" name="__codelineno-109-12" href="#__codelineno-109-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-109-13" name="__codelineno-109-13" href="#__codelineno-109-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-109-1" name="__codelineno-109-1" href="#__codelineno-109-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-110-1" name="__codelineno-110-1" href="#__codelineno-110-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-2" name="__codelineno-110-2" href="#__codelineno-110-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-3" name="__codelineno-110-3" href="#__codelineno-110-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-4" name="__codelineno-110-4" href="#__codelineno-110-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-5" name="__codelineno-110-5" href="#__codelineno-110-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-6" name="__codelineno-110-6" href="#__codelineno-110-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-7" name="__codelineno-110-7" href="#__codelineno-110-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-8" name="__codelineno-110-8" href="#__codelineno-110-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-9" name="__codelineno-110-9" href="#__codelineno-110-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-10" name="__codelineno-110-10" href="#__codelineno-110-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-11" name="__codelineno-110-11" href="#__codelineno-110-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-12" name="__codelineno-110-12" href="#__codelineno-110-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-110-13" name="__codelineno-110-13" href="#__codelineno-110-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-110-1" name="__codelineno-110-1" href="#__codelineno-110-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-111-1" name="__codelineno-111-1" href="#__codelineno-111-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-2" name="__codelineno-111-2" href="#__codelineno-111-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-3" name="__codelineno-111-3" href="#__codelineno-111-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-4" name="__codelineno-111-4" href="#__codelineno-111-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-5" name="__codelineno-111-5" href="#__codelineno-111-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-6" name="__codelineno-111-6" href="#__codelineno-111-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-7" name="__codelineno-111-7" href="#__codelineno-111-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-8" name="__codelineno-111-8" href="#__codelineno-111-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-9" name="__codelineno-111-9" href="#__codelineno-111-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-10" name="__codelineno-111-10" href="#__codelineno-111-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-11" name="__codelineno-111-11" href="#__codelineno-111-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-12" name="__codelineno-111-12" href="#__codelineno-111-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-111-13" name="__codelineno-111-13" href="#__codelineno-111-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-111-1" name="__codelineno-111-1" href="#__codelineno-111-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-112-1" name="__codelineno-112-1" href="#__codelineno-112-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-2" name="__codelineno-112-2" href="#__codelineno-112-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-3" name="__codelineno-112-3" href="#__codelineno-112-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-4" name="__codelineno-112-4" href="#__codelineno-112-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-5" name="__codelineno-112-5" href="#__codelineno-112-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-6" name="__codelineno-112-6" href="#__codelineno-112-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-7" name="__codelineno-112-7" href="#__codelineno-112-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-8" name="__codelineno-112-8" href="#__codelineno-112-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-9" name="__codelineno-112-9" href="#__codelineno-112-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-10" name="__codelineno-112-10" href="#__codelineno-112-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-11" name="__codelineno-112-11" href="#__codelineno-112-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-12" name="__codelineno-112-12" href="#__codelineno-112-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-112-13" name="__codelineno-112-13" href="#__codelineno-112-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-112-1" name="__codelineno-112-1" href="#__codelineno-112-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-113-1" name="__codelineno-113-1" href="#__codelineno-113-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-2" name="__codelineno-113-2" href="#__codelineno-113-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-3" name="__codelineno-113-3" href="#__codelineno-113-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-4" name="__codelineno-113-4" href="#__codelineno-113-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">base</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-5" name="__codelineno-113-5" href="#__codelineno-113-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-6" name="__codelineno-113-6" href="#__codelineno-113-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-7" name="__codelineno-113-7" href="#__codelineno-113-7"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">base</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-8" name="__codelineno-113-8" href="#__codelineno-113-8"></a>            <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-9" name="__codelineno-113-9" href="#__codelineno-113-9"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-10" name="__codelineno-113-10" href="#__codelineno-113-10"></a>        <span class="n">base</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-11" name="__codelineno-113-11" href="#__codelineno-113-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-12" name="__codelineno-113-12" href="#__codelineno-113-12"></a>    <span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-13" name="__codelineno-113-13" href="#__codelineno-113-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-113-14" name="__codelineno-113-14" href="#__codelineno-113-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-113-1" name="__codelineno-113-1" href="#__codelineno-113-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-114-1" name="__codelineno-114-1" href="#__codelineno-114-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-2" name="__codelineno-114-2" href="#__codelineno-114-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-3" name="__codelineno-114-3" href="#__codelineno-114-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-4" name="__codelineno-114-4" href="#__codelineno-114-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-5" name="__codelineno-114-5" href="#__codelineno-114-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-6" name="__codelineno-114-6" href="#__codelineno-114-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-7" name="__codelineno-114-7" href="#__codelineno-114-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-8" name="__codelineno-114-8" href="#__codelineno-114-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-9" name="__codelineno-114-9" href="#__codelineno-114-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-10" name="__codelineno-114-10" href="#__codelineno-114-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-11" name="__codelineno-114-11" href="#__codelineno-114-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-12" name="__codelineno-114-12" href="#__codelineno-114-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-13" name="__codelineno-114-13" href="#__codelineno-114-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-114-14" name="__codelineno-114-14" href="#__codelineno-114-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-114-1" name="__codelineno-114-1" href="#__codelineno-114-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-115-1" name="__codelineno-115-1" href="#__codelineno-115-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-2" name="__codelineno-115-2" href="#__codelineno-115-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-3" name="__codelineno-115-3" href="#__codelineno-115-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-4" name="__codelineno-115-4" href="#__codelineno-115-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-5" name="__codelineno-115-5" href="#__codelineno-115-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-6" name="__codelineno-115-6" href="#__codelineno-115-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-7" name="__codelineno-115-7" href="#__codelineno-115-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-8" name="__codelineno-115-8" href="#__codelineno-115-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-9" name="__codelineno-115-9" href="#__codelineno-115-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-10" name="__codelineno-115-10" href="#__codelineno-115-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-11" name="__codelineno-115-11" href="#__codelineno-115-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-12" name="__codelineno-115-12" href="#__codelineno-115-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-13" name="__codelineno-115-13" href="#__codelineno-115-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-115-14" name="__codelineno-115-14" href="#__codelineno-115-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-115-1" name="__codelineno-115-1" href="#__codelineno-115-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-116-1" name="__codelineno-116-1" href="#__codelineno-116-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-2" name="__codelineno-116-2" href="#__codelineno-116-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-3" name="__codelineno-116-3" href="#__codelineno-116-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-4" name="__codelineno-116-4" href="#__codelineno-116-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-5" name="__codelineno-116-5" href="#__codelineno-116-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-6" name="__codelineno-116-6" href="#__codelineno-116-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-7" name="__codelineno-116-7" href="#__codelineno-116-7"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-8" name="__codelineno-116-8" href="#__codelineno-116-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-9" name="__codelineno-116-9" href="#__codelineno-116-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-10" name="__codelineno-116-10" href="#__codelineno-116-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-11" name="__codelineno-116-11" href="#__codelineno-116-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-12" name="__codelineno-116-12" href="#__codelineno-116-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-116-13" name="__codelineno-116-13" href="#__codelineno-116-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-116-1" name="__codelineno-116-1" href="#__codelineno-116-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-117-1" name="__codelineno-117-1" href="#__codelineno-117-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-2" name="__codelineno-117-2" href="#__codelineno-117-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-3" name="__codelineno-117-3" href="#__codelineno-117-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-4" name="__codelineno-117-4" href="#__codelineno-117-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-5" name="__codelineno-117-5" href="#__codelineno-117-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-6" name="__codelineno-117-6" href="#__codelineno-117-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-7" name="__codelineno-117-7" href="#__codelineno-117-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-8" name="__codelineno-117-8" href="#__codelineno-117-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-9" name="__codelineno-117-9" href="#__codelineno-117-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-10" name="__codelineno-117-10" href="#__codelineno-117-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-11" name="__codelineno-117-11" href="#__codelineno-117-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-12" name="__codelineno-117-12" href="#__codelineno-117-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-13" name="__codelineno-117-13" href="#__codelineno-117-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-117-14" name="__codelineno-117-14" href="#__codelineno-117-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-117-1" name="__codelineno-117-1" href="#__codelineno-117-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-118-1" name="__codelineno-118-1" href="#__codelineno-118-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-2" name="__codelineno-118-2" href="#__codelineno-118-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-3" name="__codelineno-118-3" href="#__codelineno-118-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-4" name="__codelineno-118-4" href="#__codelineno-118-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-5" name="__codelineno-118-5" href="#__codelineno-118-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-6" name="__codelineno-118-6" href="#__codelineno-118-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-7" name="__codelineno-118-7" href="#__codelineno-118-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-8" name="__codelineno-118-8" href="#__codelineno-118-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-9" name="__codelineno-118-9" href="#__codelineno-118-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-10" name="__codelineno-118-10" href="#__codelineno-118-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-11" name="__codelineno-118-11" href="#__codelineno-118-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-12" name="__codelineno-118-12" href="#__codelineno-118-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-13" name="__codelineno-118-13" href="#__codelineno-118-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-118-14" name="__codelineno-118-14" href="#__codelineno-118-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-118-1" name="__codelineno-118-1" href="#__codelineno-118-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-119-1" name="__codelineno-119-1" href="#__codelineno-119-1"></a><span class="c1">// 指数阶（循环实现）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-2" name="__codelineno-119-2" href="#__codelineno-119-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-3" name="__codelineno-119-3" href="#__codelineno-119-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-4" name="__codelineno-119-4" href="#__codelineno-119-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-5" name="__codelineno-119-5" href="#__codelineno-119-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-6" name="__codelineno-119-6" href="#__codelineno-119-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 细胞每轮一分为二，形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-7" name="__codelineno-119-7" href="#__codelineno-119-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-8" name="__codelineno-119-8" href="#__codelineno-119-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-9" name="__codelineno-119-9" href="#__codelineno-119-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-10" name="__codelineno-119-10" href="#__codelineno-119-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-11" name="__codelineno-119-11" href="#__codelineno-119-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-12" name="__codelineno-119-12" href="#__codelineno-119-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-13" name="__codelineno-119-13" href="#__codelineno-119-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-14" name="__codelineno-119-14" href="#__codelineno-119-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-15" name="__codelineno-119-15" href="#__codelineno-119-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-119-16" name="__codelineno-119-16" href="#__codelineno-119-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-119-1" name="__codelineno-119-1" href="#__codelineno-119-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exponential</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5377,108 +4667,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="11:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_11_1" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_2" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_3" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_4" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_5" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_6" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_7" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_8" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_9" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_10" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_11" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_11_12" name="__tabbed_11" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_11_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_11_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_11_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_11_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_11_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_11_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_11_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_11_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_11_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_11_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_11_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_11_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-120-1" name="__codelineno-120-1" href="#__codelineno-120-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">exp_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-120-2" name="__codelineno-120-2" href="#__codelineno-120-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;指数阶（递归实现）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-120-3" name="__codelineno-120-3" href="#__codelineno-120-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-120-4" name="__codelineno-120-4" href="#__codelineno-120-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-120-5" name="__codelineno-120-5" href="#__codelineno-120-5"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">exp_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">exp_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-120-1" name="__codelineno-120-1" href="#__codelineno-120-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exp_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-121-1" name="__codelineno-121-1" href="#__codelineno-121-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-121-2" name="__codelineno-121-2" href="#__codelineno-121-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-121-3" name="__codelineno-121-3" href="#__codelineno-121-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-121-4" name="__codelineno-121-4" href="#__codelineno-121-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-121-5" name="__codelineno-121-5" href="#__codelineno-121-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-121-6" name="__codelineno-121-6" href="#__codelineno-121-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-121-1" name="__codelineno-121-1" href="#__codelineno-121-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-122-1" name="__codelineno-122-1" href="#__codelineno-122-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-122-2" name="__codelineno-122-2" href="#__codelineno-122-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-122-3" name="__codelineno-122-3" href="#__codelineno-122-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-122-4" name="__codelineno-122-4" href="#__codelineno-122-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-122-5" name="__codelineno-122-5" href="#__codelineno-122-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-122-6" name="__codelineno-122-6" href="#__codelineno-122-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-122-1" name="__codelineno-122-1" href="#__codelineno-122-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-123-1" name="__codelineno-123-1" href="#__codelineno-123-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-123-2" name="__codelineno-123-2" href="#__codelineno-123-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-123-3" name="__codelineno-123-3" href="#__codelineno-123-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-123-4" name="__codelineno-123-4" href="#__codelineno-123-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-123-5" name="__codelineno-123-5" href="#__codelineno-123-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-123-1" name="__codelineno-123-1" href="#__codelineno-123-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-124-1" name="__codelineno-124-1" href="#__codelineno-124-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-124-2" name="__codelineno-124-2" href="#__codelineno-124-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-124-3" name="__codelineno-124-3" href="#__codelineno-124-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-124-4" name="__codelineno-124-4" href="#__codelineno-124-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-124-5" name="__codelineno-124-5" href="#__codelineno-124-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-124-6" name="__codelineno-124-6" href="#__codelineno-124-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-124-7" name="__codelineno-124-7" href="#__codelineno-124-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-124-1" name="__codelineno-124-1" href="#__codelineno-124-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-125-1" name="__codelineno-125-1" href="#__codelineno-125-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-125-2" name="__codelineno-125-2" href="#__codelineno-125-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-125-3" name="__codelineno-125-3" href="#__codelineno-125-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-125-4" name="__codelineno-125-4" href="#__codelineno-125-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-125-5" name="__codelineno-125-5" href="#__codelineno-125-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-125-6" name="__codelineno-125-6" href="#__codelineno-125-6"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-125-7" name="__codelineno-125-7" href="#__codelineno-125-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-125-1" name="__codelineno-125-1" href="#__codelineno-125-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-126-1" name="__codelineno-126-1" href="#__codelineno-126-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-126-2" name="__codelineno-126-2" href="#__codelineno-126-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-126-3" name="__codelineno-126-3" href="#__codelineno-126-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-126-4" name="__codelineno-126-4" href="#__codelineno-126-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-126-5" name="__codelineno-126-5" href="#__codelineno-126-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-126-1" name="__codelineno-126-1" href="#__codelineno-126-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-127-1" name="__codelineno-127-1" href="#__codelineno-127-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-127-2" name="__codelineno-127-2" href="#__codelineno-127-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-127-3" name="__codelineno-127-3" href="#__codelineno-127-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-127-4" name="__codelineno-127-4" href="#__codelineno-127-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-127-5" name="__codelineno-127-5" href="#__codelineno-127-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-127-1" name="__codelineno-127-1" href="#__codelineno-127-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-128-1" name="__codelineno-128-1" href="#__codelineno-128-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-128-2" name="__codelineno-128-2" href="#__codelineno-128-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-128-3" name="__codelineno-128-3" href="#__codelineno-128-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-128-4" name="__codelineno-128-4" href="#__codelineno-128-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-128-5" name="__codelineno-128-5" href="#__codelineno-128-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-128-1" name="__codelineno-128-1" href="#__codelineno-128-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-129-1" name="__codelineno-129-1" href="#__codelineno-129-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-129-2" name="__codelineno-129-2" href="#__codelineno-129-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">exp_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-129-3" name="__codelineno-129-3" href="#__codelineno-129-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-129-4" name="__codelineno-129-4" href="#__codelineno-129-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-129-5" name="__codelineno-129-5" href="#__codelineno-129-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-129-6" name="__codelineno-129-6" href="#__codelineno-129-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">exp_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-129-7" name="__codelineno-129-7" href="#__codelineno-129-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-129-1" name="__codelineno-129-1" href="#__codelineno-129-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">exp_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-130-1" name="__codelineno-130-1" href="#__codelineno-130-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-130-2" name="__codelineno-130-2" href="#__codelineno-130-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-130-3" name="__codelineno-130-3" href="#__codelineno-130-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-130-4" name="__codelineno-130-4" href="#__codelineno-130-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-130-5" name="__codelineno-130-5" href="#__codelineno-130-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-130-6" name="__codelineno-130-6" href="#__codelineno-130-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-130-1" name="__codelineno-130-1" href="#__codelineno-130-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-131-1" name="__codelineno-131-1" href="#__codelineno-131-1"></a><span class="c1">// 指数阶（递归实现）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-131-2" name="__codelineno-131-2" href="#__codelineno-131-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-131-3" name="__codelineno-131-3" href="#__codelineno-131-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-131-4" name="__codelineno-131-4" href="#__codelineno-131-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-131-5" name="__codelineno-131-5" href="#__codelineno-131-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-131-1" name="__codelineno-131-1" href="#__codelineno-131-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">expRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5490,148 +4723,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-132-1" name="__codelineno-132-1" href="#__codelineno-132-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-132-2" name="__codelineno-132-2" href="#__codelineno-132-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;对数阶（循环实现）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-132-3" name="__codelineno-132-3" href="#__codelineno-132-3"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-132-4" name="__codelineno-132-4" href="#__codelineno-132-4"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-132-5" name="__codelineno-132-5" href="#__codelineno-132-5"></a>        <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-132-6" name="__codelineno-132-6" href="#__codelineno-132-6"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-132-7" name="__codelineno-132-7" href="#__codelineno-132-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-132-1" name="__codelineno-132-1" href="#__codelineno-132-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-133-1" name="__codelineno-133-1" href="#__codelineno-133-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-133-2" name="__codelineno-133-2" href="#__codelineno-133-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-133-3" name="__codelineno-133-3" href="#__codelineno-133-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-133-4" name="__codelineno-133-4" href="#__codelineno-133-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-133-5" name="__codelineno-133-5" href="#__codelineno-133-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-133-6" name="__codelineno-133-6" href="#__codelineno-133-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-133-7" name="__codelineno-133-7" href="#__codelineno-133-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-133-8" name="__codelineno-133-8" href="#__codelineno-133-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-133-9" name="__codelineno-133-9" href="#__codelineno-133-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-133-1" name="__codelineno-133-1" href="#__codelineno-133-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-134-1" name="__codelineno-134-1" href="#__codelineno-134-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-134-2" name="__codelineno-134-2" href="#__codelineno-134-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-134-3" name="__codelineno-134-3" href="#__codelineno-134-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-134-4" name="__codelineno-134-4" href="#__codelineno-134-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-134-5" name="__codelineno-134-5" href="#__codelineno-134-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-134-6" name="__codelineno-134-6" href="#__codelineno-134-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-134-7" name="__codelineno-134-7" href="#__codelineno-134-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-134-8" name="__codelineno-134-8" href="#__codelineno-134-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-134-9" name="__codelineno-134-9" href="#__codelineno-134-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-134-1" name="__codelineno-134-1" href="#__codelineno-134-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-135-1" name="__codelineno-135-1" href="#__codelineno-135-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-135-2" name="__codelineno-135-2" href="#__codelineno-135-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-135-3" name="__codelineno-135-3" href="#__codelineno-135-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-135-4" name="__codelineno-135-4" href="#__codelineno-135-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-135-5" name="__codelineno-135-5" href="#__codelineno-135-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-135-6" name="__codelineno-135-6" href="#__codelineno-135-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-135-7" name="__codelineno-135-7" href="#__codelineno-135-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-135-8" name="__codelineno-135-8" href="#__codelineno-135-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-135-9" name="__codelineno-135-9" href="#__codelineno-135-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-135-1" name="__codelineno-135-1" href="#__codelineno-135-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-136-1" name="__codelineno-136-1" href="#__codelineno-136-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-136-2" name="__codelineno-136-2" href="#__codelineno-136-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-136-3" name="__codelineno-136-3" href="#__codelineno-136-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-136-4" name="__codelineno-136-4" href="#__codelineno-136-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-136-5" name="__codelineno-136-5" href="#__codelineno-136-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-136-6" name="__codelineno-136-6" href="#__codelineno-136-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-136-7" name="__codelineno-136-7" href="#__codelineno-136-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-136-8" name="__codelineno-136-8" href="#__codelineno-136-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-136-9" name="__codelineno-136-9" href="#__codelineno-136-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-136-1" name="__codelineno-136-1" href="#__codelineno-136-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-137-1" name="__codelineno-137-1" href="#__codelineno-137-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-137-2" name="__codelineno-137-2" href="#__codelineno-137-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-137-3" name="__codelineno-137-3" href="#__codelineno-137-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-137-4" name="__codelineno-137-4" href="#__codelineno-137-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-137-5" name="__codelineno-137-5" href="#__codelineno-137-5"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-137-6" name="__codelineno-137-6" href="#__codelineno-137-6"></a>        <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-137-7" name="__codelineno-137-7" href="#__codelineno-137-7"></a>        <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-137-8" name="__codelineno-137-8" href="#__codelineno-137-8"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-137-9" name="__codelineno-137-9" href="#__codelineno-137-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-137-10" name="__codelineno-137-10" href="#__codelineno-137-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-137-1" name="__codelineno-137-1" href="#__codelineno-137-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-138-1" name="__codelineno-138-1" href="#__codelineno-138-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-138-2" name="__codelineno-138-2" href="#__codelineno-138-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-138-3" name="__codelineno-138-3" href="#__codelineno-138-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-138-4" name="__codelineno-138-4" href="#__codelineno-138-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-138-5" name="__codelineno-138-5" href="#__codelineno-138-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-138-6" name="__codelineno-138-6" href="#__codelineno-138-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-138-7" name="__codelineno-138-7" href="#__codelineno-138-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-138-8" name="__codelineno-138-8" href="#__codelineno-138-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-138-9" name="__codelineno-138-9" href="#__codelineno-138-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-138-1" name="__codelineno-138-1" href="#__codelineno-138-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-139-1" name="__codelineno-139-1" href="#__codelineno-139-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-139-2" name="__codelineno-139-2" href="#__codelineno-139-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-139-3" name="__codelineno-139-3" href="#__codelineno-139-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-139-4" name="__codelineno-139-4" href="#__codelineno-139-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-139-5" name="__codelineno-139-5" href="#__codelineno-139-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-139-6" name="__codelineno-139-6" href="#__codelineno-139-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-139-7" name="__codelineno-139-7" href="#__codelineno-139-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-139-8" name="__codelineno-139-8" href="#__codelineno-139-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-139-9" name="__codelineno-139-9" href="#__codelineno-139-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-139-1" name="__codelineno-139-1" href="#__codelineno-139-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-140-1" name="__codelineno-140-1" href="#__codelineno-140-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-140-2" name="__codelineno-140-2" href="#__codelineno-140-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-140-3" name="__codelineno-140-3" href="#__codelineno-140-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-140-4" name="__codelineno-140-4" href="#__codelineno-140-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-140-5" name="__codelineno-140-5" href="#__codelineno-140-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-140-6" name="__codelineno-140-6" href="#__codelineno-140-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-140-7" name="__codelineno-140-7" href="#__codelineno-140-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-140-8" name="__codelineno-140-8" href="#__codelineno-140-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-140-9" name="__codelineno-140-9" href="#__codelineno-140-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-140-1" name="__codelineno-140-1" href="#__codelineno-140-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-141-1" name="__codelineno-141-1" href="#__codelineno-141-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-141-2" name="__codelineno-141-2" href="#__codelineno-141-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">f32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-141-3" name="__codelineno-141-3" href="#__codelineno-141-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-141-4" name="__codelineno-141-4" href="#__codelineno-141-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-141-5" name="__codelineno-141-5" href="#__codelineno-141-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-141-6" name="__codelineno-141-6" href="#__codelineno-141-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-141-7" name="__codelineno-141-7" href="#__codelineno-141-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-141-8" name="__codelineno-141-8" href="#__codelineno-141-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-141-9" name="__codelineno-141-9" href="#__codelineno-141-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-141-1" name="__codelineno-141-1" href="#__codelineno-141-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-142-1" name="__codelineno-142-1" href="#__codelineno-142-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（循环实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-142-2" name="__codelineno-142-2" href="#__codelineno-142-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-142-3" name="__codelineno-142-3" href="#__codelineno-142-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-142-4" name="__codelineno-142-4" href="#__codelineno-142-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-142-5" name="__codelineno-142-5" href="#__codelineno-142-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-142-6" name="__codelineno-142-6" href="#__codelineno-142-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-142-7" name="__codelineno-142-7" href="#__codelineno-142-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-142-8" name="__codelineno-142-8" href="#__codelineno-142-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-142-9" name="__codelineno-142-9" href="#__codelineno-142-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-142-1" name="__codelineno-142-1" href="#__codelineno-142-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-143-1" name="__codelineno-143-1" href="#__codelineno-143-1"></a><span class="c1">// 对数阶（循环实现）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-2" name="__codelineno-143-2" href="#__codelineno-143-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-3" name="__codelineno-143-3" href="#__codelineno-143-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-4" name="__codelineno-143-4" href="#__codelineno-143-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-5" name="__codelineno-143-5" href="#__codelineno-143-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-6" name="__codelineno-143-6" href="#__codelineno-143-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-7" name="__codelineno-143-7" href="#__codelineno-143-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">n_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-8" name="__codelineno-143-8" href="#__codelineno-143-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-9" name="__codelineno-143-9" href="#__codelineno-143-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-10" name="__codelineno-143-10" href="#__codelineno-143-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-143-11" name="__codelineno-143-11" href="#__codelineno-143-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-143-1" name="__codelineno-143-1" href="#__codelineno-143-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logarithmic</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5643,108 +4779,51 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="13:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_13_1" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_2" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_3" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_4" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_5" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_6" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_7" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_8" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_9" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_10" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_11" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_13_12" name="__tabbed_13" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_13_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_13_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_13_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_13_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_13_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_13_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_13_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_13_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_13_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_13_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_13_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_13_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-144-1" name="__codelineno-144-1" href="#__codelineno-144-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-144-2" name="__codelineno-144-2" href="#__codelineno-144-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;对数阶（递归实现）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-144-3" name="__codelineno-144-3" href="#__codelineno-144-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-144-4" name="__codelineno-144-4" href="#__codelineno-144-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-144-5" name="__codelineno-144-5" href="#__codelineno-144-5"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-144-1" name="__codelineno-144-1" href="#__codelineno-144-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">log_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-145-1" name="__codelineno-145-1" href="#__codelineno-145-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-145-2" name="__codelineno-145-2" href="#__codelineno-145-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-145-3" name="__codelineno-145-3" href="#__codelineno-145-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-145-4" name="__codelineno-145-4" href="#__codelineno-145-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-145-5" name="__codelineno-145-5" href="#__codelineno-145-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-145-6" name="__codelineno-145-6" href="#__codelineno-145-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-145-1" name="__codelineno-145-1" href="#__codelineno-145-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-146-1" name="__codelineno-146-1" href="#__codelineno-146-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-146-2" name="__codelineno-146-2" href="#__codelineno-146-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-146-3" name="__codelineno-146-3" href="#__codelineno-146-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-146-4" name="__codelineno-146-4" href="#__codelineno-146-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-146-5" name="__codelineno-146-5" href="#__codelineno-146-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-146-6" name="__codelineno-146-6" href="#__codelineno-146-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-146-1" name="__codelineno-146-1" href="#__codelineno-146-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-147-1" name="__codelineno-147-1" href="#__codelineno-147-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-147-2" name="__codelineno-147-2" href="#__codelineno-147-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-147-3" name="__codelineno-147-3" href="#__codelineno-147-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-147-4" name="__codelineno-147-4" href="#__codelineno-147-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-147-5" name="__codelineno-147-5" href="#__codelineno-147-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-147-1" name="__codelineno-147-1" href="#__codelineno-147-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-148-1" name="__codelineno-148-1" href="#__codelineno-148-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-148-2" name="__codelineno-148-2" href="#__codelineno-148-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-148-3" name="__codelineno-148-3" href="#__codelineno-148-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-148-4" name="__codelineno-148-4" href="#__codelineno-148-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-148-5" name="__codelineno-148-5" href="#__codelineno-148-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-148-6" name="__codelineno-148-6" href="#__codelineno-148-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-148-7" name="__codelineno-148-7" href="#__codelineno-148-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-148-1" name="__codelineno-148-1" href="#__codelineno-148-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-149-1" name="__codelineno-149-1" href="#__codelineno-149-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-149-2" name="__codelineno-149-2" href="#__codelineno-149-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-149-3" name="__codelineno-149-3" href="#__codelineno-149-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-149-4" name="__codelineno-149-4" href="#__codelineno-149-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-149-5" name="__codelineno-149-5" href="#__codelineno-149-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-149-6" name="__codelineno-149-6" href="#__codelineno-149-6"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-149-7" name="__codelineno-149-7" href="#__codelineno-149-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-149-1" name="__codelineno-149-1" href="#__codelineno-149-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-150-1" name="__codelineno-150-1" href="#__codelineno-150-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-150-2" name="__codelineno-150-2" href="#__codelineno-150-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-150-3" name="__codelineno-150-3" href="#__codelineno-150-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-150-4" name="__codelineno-150-4" href="#__codelineno-150-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-150-5" name="__codelineno-150-5" href="#__codelineno-150-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-150-1" name="__codelineno-150-1" href="#__codelineno-150-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-151-1" name="__codelineno-151-1" href="#__codelineno-151-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-151-2" name="__codelineno-151-2" href="#__codelineno-151-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-151-3" name="__codelineno-151-3" href="#__codelineno-151-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-151-4" name="__codelineno-151-4" href="#__codelineno-151-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-151-5" name="__codelineno-151-5" href="#__codelineno-151-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-151-1" name="__codelineno-151-1" href="#__codelineno-151-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-152-1" name="__codelineno-152-1" href="#__codelineno-152-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-152-2" name="__codelineno-152-2" href="#__codelineno-152-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-152-3" name="__codelineno-152-3" href="#__codelineno-152-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-152-4" name="__codelineno-152-4" href="#__codelineno-152-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-152-5" name="__codelineno-152-5" href="#__codelineno-152-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-152-1" name="__codelineno-152-1" href="#__codelineno-152-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-153-1" name="__codelineno-153-1" href="#__codelineno-153-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-153-2" name="__codelineno-153-2" href="#__codelineno-153-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">f32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-153-3" name="__codelineno-153-3" href="#__codelineno-153-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-153-4" name="__codelineno-153-4" href="#__codelineno-153-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-153-5" name="__codelineno-153-5" href="#__codelineno-153-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-153-6" name="__codelineno-153-6" href="#__codelineno-153-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-153-7" name="__codelineno-153-7" href="#__codelineno-153-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-153-1" name="__codelineno-153-1" href="#__codelineno-153-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">log_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-154-1" name="__codelineno-154-1" href="#__codelineno-154-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 对数阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-154-2" name="__codelineno-154-2" href="#__codelineno-154-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-154-3" name="__codelineno-154-3" href="#__codelineno-154-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-154-4" name="__codelineno-154-4" href="#__codelineno-154-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-154-5" name="__codelineno-154-5" href="#__codelineno-154-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-154-6" name="__codelineno-154-6" href="#__codelineno-154-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-154-1" name="__codelineno-154-1" href="#__codelineno-154-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-155-1" name="__codelineno-155-1" href="#__codelineno-155-1"></a><span class="c1">// 对数阶（递归实现）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-155-2" name="__codelineno-155-2" href="#__codelineno-155-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-155-3" name="__codelineno-155-3" href="#__codelineno-155-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-155-4" name="__codelineno-155-4" href="#__codelineno-155-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-155-5" name="__codelineno-155-5" href="#__codelineno-155-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-155-1" name="__codelineno-155-1" href="#__codelineno-155-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">logRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5763,161 +4842,51 @@ O(\log_m n) = O(\log_k n / \log_k m) = O(\log_k n)
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="14:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_14_1" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_2" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_3" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_4" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_5" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_6" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_7" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_8" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_9" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_10" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_11" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_14_12" name="__tabbed_14" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_14_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_14_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_14_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_14_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_14_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_14_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_14_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_14_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_14_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_14_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_14_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_14_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-156-1" name="__codelineno-156-1" href="#__codelineno-156-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">linear_log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-156-2" name="__codelineno-156-2" href="#__codelineno-156-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;线性对数阶&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-156-3" name="__codelineno-156-3" href="#__codelineno-156-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-156-4" name="__codelineno-156-4" href="#__codelineno-156-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-156-5" name="__codelineno-156-5" href="#__codelineno-156-5"></a>    <span class="n">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">linear_log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">linear_log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-156-6" name="__codelineno-156-6" href="#__codelineno-156-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-156-7" name="__codelineno-156-7" href="#__codelineno-156-7"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-156-8" name="__codelineno-156-8" href="#__codelineno-156-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-156-1" name="__codelineno-156-1" href="#__codelineno-156-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear_log_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-157-1" name="__codelineno-157-1" href="#__codelineno-157-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-157-2" name="__codelineno-157-2" href="#__codelineno-157-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-157-3" name="__codelineno-157-3" href="#__codelineno-157-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-157-4" name="__codelineno-157-4" href="#__codelineno-157-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-157-5" name="__codelineno-157-5" href="#__codelineno-157-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-157-6" name="__codelineno-157-6" href="#__codelineno-157-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-157-7" name="__codelineno-157-7" href="#__codelineno-157-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-157-8" name="__codelineno-157-8" href="#__codelineno-157-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-157-9" name="__codelineno-157-9" href="#__codelineno-157-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-157-10" name="__codelineno-157-10" href="#__codelineno-157-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-157-1" name="__codelineno-157-1" href="#__codelineno-157-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-158-1" name="__codelineno-158-1" href="#__codelineno-158-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-2" name="__codelineno-158-2" href="#__codelineno-158-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-3" name="__codelineno-158-3" href="#__codelineno-158-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-4" name="__codelineno-158-4" href="#__codelineno-158-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-5" name="__codelineno-158-5" href="#__codelineno-158-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-6" name="__codelineno-158-6" href="#__codelineno-158-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-7" name="__codelineno-158-7" href="#__codelineno-158-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-8" name="__codelineno-158-8" href="#__codelineno-158-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-9" name="__codelineno-158-9" href="#__codelineno-158-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-10" name="__codelineno-158-10" href="#__codelineno-158-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-158-11" name="__codelineno-158-11" href="#__codelineno-158-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-158-1" name="__codelineno-158-1" href="#__codelineno-158-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-159-1" name="__codelineno-159-1" href="#__codelineno-159-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-159-2" name="__codelineno-159-2" href="#__codelineno-159-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-159-3" name="__codelineno-159-3" href="#__codelineno-159-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-159-4" name="__codelineno-159-4" href="#__codelineno-159-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-159-5" name="__codelineno-159-5" href="#__codelineno-159-5"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-159-6" name="__codelineno-159-6" href="#__codelineno-159-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-159-7" name="__codelineno-159-7" href="#__codelineno-159-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-159-8" name="__codelineno-159-8" href="#__codelineno-159-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-159-9" name="__codelineno-159-9" href="#__codelineno-159-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-159-10" name="__codelineno-159-10" href="#__codelineno-159-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-159-1" name="__codelineno-159-1" href="#__codelineno-159-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-160-1" name="__codelineno-160-1" href="#__codelineno-160-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-2" name="__codelineno-160-2" href="#__codelineno-160-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-3" name="__codelineno-160-3" href="#__codelineno-160-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-4" name="__codelineno-160-4" href="#__codelineno-160-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-5" name="__codelineno-160-5" href="#__codelineno-160-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-6" name="__codelineno-160-6" href="#__codelineno-160-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-7" name="__codelineno-160-7" href="#__codelineno-160-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-8" name="__codelineno-160-8" href="#__codelineno-160-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-9" name="__codelineno-160-9" href="#__codelineno-160-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-10" name="__codelineno-160-10" href="#__codelineno-160-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-11" name="__codelineno-160-11" href="#__codelineno-160-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-160-12" name="__codelineno-160-12" href="#__codelineno-160-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-160-1" name="__codelineno-160-1" href="#__codelineno-160-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-161-1" name="__codelineno-161-1" href="#__codelineno-161-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-2" name="__codelineno-161-2" href="#__codelineno-161-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-3" name="__codelineno-161-3" href="#__codelineno-161-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-4" name="__codelineno-161-4" href="#__codelineno-161-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-5" name="__codelineno-161-5" href="#__codelineno-161-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-6" name="__codelineno-161-6" href="#__codelineno-161-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-7" name="__codelineno-161-7" href="#__codelineno-161-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-8" name="__codelineno-161-8" href="#__codelineno-161-8"></a>        <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-9" name="__codelineno-161-9" href="#__codelineno-161-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-10" name="__codelineno-161-10" href="#__codelineno-161-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-161-11" name="__codelineno-161-11" href="#__codelineno-161-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-161-1" name="__codelineno-161-1" href="#__codelineno-161-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-162-1" name="__codelineno-162-1" href="#__codelineno-162-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-162-2" name="__codelineno-162-2" href="#__codelineno-162-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-162-3" name="__codelineno-162-3" href="#__codelineno-162-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-162-4" name="__codelineno-162-4" href="#__codelineno-162-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-162-5" name="__codelineno-162-5" href="#__codelineno-162-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-162-6" name="__codelineno-162-6" href="#__codelineno-162-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-162-7" name="__codelineno-162-7" href="#__codelineno-162-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-162-8" name="__codelineno-162-8" href="#__codelineno-162-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-162-9" name="__codelineno-162-9" href="#__codelineno-162-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-162-1" name="__codelineno-162-1" href="#__codelineno-162-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-163-1" name="__codelineno-163-1" href="#__codelineno-163-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-163-2" name="__codelineno-163-2" href="#__codelineno-163-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-163-3" name="__codelineno-163-3" href="#__codelineno-163-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-163-4" name="__codelineno-163-4" href="#__codelineno-163-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-163-5" name="__codelineno-163-5" href="#__codelineno-163-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-163-6" name="__codelineno-163-6" href="#__codelineno-163-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-163-7" name="__codelineno-163-7" href="#__codelineno-163-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-163-8" name="__codelineno-163-8" href="#__codelineno-163-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-163-9" name="__codelineno-163-9" href="#__codelineno-163-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-163-1" name="__codelineno-163-1" href="#__codelineno-163-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-164-1" name="__codelineno-164-1" href="#__codelineno-164-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-164-2" name="__codelineno-164-2" href="#__codelineno-164-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-164-3" name="__codelineno-164-3" href="#__codelineno-164-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-164-4" name="__codelineno-164-4" href="#__codelineno-164-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-164-5" name="__codelineno-164-5" href="#__codelineno-164-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-164-6" name="__codelineno-164-6" href="#__codelineno-164-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-164-7" name="__codelineno-164-7" href="#__codelineno-164-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-164-8" name="__codelineno-164-8" href="#__codelineno-164-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-164-9" name="__codelineno-164-9" href="#__codelineno-164-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-164-1" name="__codelineno-164-1" href="#__codelineno-164-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-165-1" name="__codelineno-165-1" href="#__codelineno-165-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-2" name="__codelineno-165-2" href="#__codelineno-165-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">linear_log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">f32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-3" name="__codelineno-165-3" href="#__codelineno-165-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-4" name="__codelineno-165-4" href="#__codelineno-165-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-5" name="__codelineno-165-5" href="#__codelineno-165-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-6" name="__codelineno-165-6" href="#__codelineno-165-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linear_log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-7" name="__codelineno-165-7" href="#__codelineno-165-7"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">linear_log_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-8" name="__codelineno-165-8" href="#__codelineno-165-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-9" name="__codelineno-165-9" href="#__codelineno-165-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-10" name="__codelineno-165-10" href="#__codelineno-165-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-11" name="__codelineno-165-11" href="#__codelineno-165-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-165-12" name="__codelineno-165-12" href="#__codelineno-165-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-165-1" name="__codelineno-165-1" href="#__codelineno-165-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linear_log_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-166-1" name="__codelineno-166-1" href="#__codelineno-166-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 线性对数阶 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-166-2" name="__codelineno-166-2" href="#__codelineno-166-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-166-3" name="__codelineno-166-3" href="#__codelineno-166-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-166-4" name="__codelineno-166-4" href="#__codelineno-166-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-166-5" name="__codelineno-166-5" href="#__codelineno-166-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-166-6" name="__codelineno-166-6" href="#__codelineno-166-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-166-7" name="__codelineno-166-7" href="#__codelineno-166-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-166-8" name="__codelineno-166-8" href="#__codelineno-166-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-166-9" name="__codelineno-166-9" href="#__codelineno-166-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-166-10" name="__codelineno-166-10" href="#__codelineno-166-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-166-1" name="__codelineno-166-1" href="#__codelineno-166-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-167-1" name="__codelineno-167-1" href="#__codelineno-167-1"></a><span class="c1">// 线性对数阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-2" name="__codelineno-167-2" href="#__codelineno-167-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-3" name="__codelineno-167-3" href="#__codelineno-167-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-4" name="__codelineno-167-4" href="#__codelineno-167-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-5" name="__codelineno-167-5" href="#__codelineno-167-5"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-6" name="__codelineno-167-6" href="#__codelineno-167-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-7" name="__codelineno-167-7" href="#__codelineno-167-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-8" name="__codelineno-167-8" href="#__codelineno-167-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-9" name="__codelineno-167-9" href="#__codelineno-167-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-10" name="__codelineno-167-10" href="#__codelineno-167-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-167-11" name="__codelineno-167-11" href="#__codelineno-167-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-167-1" name="__codelineno-167-1" href="#__codelineno-167-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linearLogRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5936,167 +4905,51 @@ n! = n \times (n - 1) \times (n - 2) \times \dots \times 2 \times 1
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="15:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_15_1" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_2" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_3" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_4" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_5" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_6" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_7" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_8" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_9" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_10" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_11" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_15_12" name="__tabbed_15" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_15_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_15_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_15_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_15_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_15_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_15_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_15_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_15_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_15_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_15_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_15_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_15_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-168-1" name="__codelineno-168-1" href="#__codelineno-168-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">factorial_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-168-2" name="__codelineno-168-2" href="#__codelineno-168-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;阶乘阶（递归实现）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-168-3" name="__codelineno-168-3" href="#__codelineno-168-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-168-4" name="__codelineno-168-4" href="#__codelineno-168-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-168-5" name="__codelineno-168-5" href="#__codelineno-168-5"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-168-6" name="__codelineno-168-6" href="#__codelineno-168-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-168-7" name="__codelineno-168-7" href="#__codelineno-168-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-168-8" name="__codelineno-168-8" href="#__codelineno-168-8"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">factorial_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-168-9" name="__codelineno-168-9" href="#__codelineno-168-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-168-1" name="__codelineno-168-1" href="#__codelineno-168-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">factorial_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-169-1" name="__codelineno-169-1" href="#__codelineno-169-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-2" name="__codelineno-169-2" href="#__codelineno-169-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-3" name="__codelineno-169-3" href="#__codelineno-169-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-4" name="__codelineno-169-4" href="#__codelineno-169-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-5" name="__codelineno-169-5" href="#__codelineno-169-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-6" name="__codelineno-169-6" href="#__codelineno-169-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-7" name="__codelineno-169-7" href="#__codelineno-169-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-8" name="__codelineno-169-8" href="#__codelineno-169-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-9" name="__codelineno-169-9" href="#__codelineno-169-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-10" name="__codelineno-169-10" href="#__codelineno-169-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-169-11" name="__codelineno-169-11" href="#__codelineno-169-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-169-1" name="__codelineno-169-1" href="#__codelineno-169-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-170-1" name="__codelineno-170-1" href="#__codelineno-170-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-2" name="__codelineno-170-2" href="#__codelineno-170-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-3" name="__codelineno-170-3" href="#__codelineno-170-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-4" name="__codelineno-170-4" href="#__codelineno-170-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-5" name="__codelineno-170-5" href="#__codelineno-170-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-6" name="__codelineno-170-6" href="#__codelineno-170-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-7" name="__codelineno-170-7" href="#__codelineno-170-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-8" name="__codelineno-170-8" href="#__codelineno-170-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-9" name="__codelineno-170-9" href="#__codelineno-170-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-10" name="__codelineno-170-10" href="#__codelineno-170-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-170-11" name="__codelineno-170-11" href="#__codelineno-170-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-170-1" name="__codelineno-170-1" href="#__codelineno-170-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-171-1" name="__codelineno-171-1" href="#__codelineno-171-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-171-2" name="__codelineno-171-2" href="#__codelineno-171-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-171-3" name="__codelineno-171-3" href="#__codelineno-171-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-171-4" name="__codelineno-171-4" href="#__codelineno-171-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-171-5" name="__codelineno-171-5" href="#__codelineno-171-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-171-6" name="__codelineno-171-6" href="#__codelineno-171-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-171-7" name="__codelineno-171-7" href="#__codelineno-171-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-171-8" name="__codelineno-171-8" href="#__codelineno-171-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-171-9" name="__codelineno-171-9" href="#__codelineno-171-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-171-10" name="__codelineno-171-10" href="#__codelineno-171-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-171-1" name="__codelineno-171-1" href="#__codelineno-171-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-172-1" name="__codelineno-172-1" href="#__codelineno-172-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-2" name="__codelineno-172-2" href="#__codelineno-172-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-3" name="__codelineno-172-3" href="#__codelineno-172-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-4" name="__codelineno-172-4" href="#__codelineno-172-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-5" name="__codelineno-172-5" href="#__codelineno-172-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-6" name="__codelineno-172-6" href="#__codelineno-172-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-7" name="__codelineno-172-7" href="#__codelineno-172-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-8" name="__codelineno-172-8" href="#__codelineno-172-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-9" name="__codelineno-172-9" href="#__codelineno-172-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-10" name="__codelineno-172-10" href="#__codelineno-172-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-11" name="__codelineno-172-11" href="#__codelineno-172-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-172-12" name="__codelineno-172-12" href="#__codelineno-172-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-172-1" name="__codelineno-172-1" href="#__codelineno-172-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-173-1" name="__codelineno-173-1" href="#__codelineno-173-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-2" name="__codelineno-173-2" href="#__codelineno-173-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-3" name="__codelineno-173-3" href="#__codelineno-173-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-4" name="__codelineno-173-4" href="#__codelineno-173-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-5" name="__codelineno-173-5" href="#__codelineno-173-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-6" name="__codelineno-173-6" href="#__codelineno-173-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-7" name="__codelineno-173-7" href="#__codelineno-173-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-8" name="__codelineno-173-8" href="#__codelineno-173-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-9" name="__codelineno-173-9" href="#__codelineno-173-9"></a>        <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-10" name="__codelineno-173-10" href="#__codelineno-173-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-11" name="__codelineno-173-11" href="#__codelineno-173-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-173-12" name="__codelineno-173-12" href="#__codelineno-173-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-173-1" name="__codelineno-173-1" href="#__codelineno-173-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-174-1" name="__codelineno-174-1" href="#__codelineno-174-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-174-2" name="__codelineno-174-2" href="#__codelineno-174-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-174-3" name="__codelineno-174-3" href="#__codelineno-174-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-174-4" name="__codelineno-174-4" href="#__codelineno-174-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-174-5" name="__codelineno-174-5" href="#__codelineno-174-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-174-6" name="__codelineno-174-6" href="#__codelineno-174-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-174-7" name="__codelineno-174-7" href="#__codelineno-174-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-174-8" name="__codelineno-174-8" href="#__codelineno-174-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-174-9" name="__codelineno-174-9" href="#__codelineno-174-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-174-10" name="__codelineno-174-10" href="#__codelineno-174-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-174-1" name="__codelineno-174-1" href="#__codelineno-174-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-175-1" name="__codelineno-175-1" href="#__codelineno-175-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-175-2" name="__codelineno-175-2" href="#__codelineno-175-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-175-3" name="__codelineno-175-3" href="#__codelineno-175-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-175-4" name="__codelineno-175-4" href="#__codelineno-175-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-175-5" name="__codelineno-175-5" href="#__codelineno-175-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-175-6" name="__codelineno-175-6" href="#__codelineno-175-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-175-7" name="__codelineno-175-7" href="#__codelineno-175-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-175-8" name="__codelineno-175-8" href="#__codelineno-175-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-175-9" name="__codelineno-175-9" href="#__codelineno-175-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-175-10" name="__codelineno-175-10" href="#__codelineno-175-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-175-1" name="__codelineno-175-1" href="#__codelineno-175-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-176-1" name="__codelineno-176-1" href="#__codelineno-176-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-176-2" name="__codelineno-176-2" href="#__codelineno-176-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-176-3" name="__codelineno-176-3" href="#__codelineno-176-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-176-4" name="__codelineno-176-4" href="#__codelineno-176-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-176-5" name="__codelineno-176-5" href="#__codelineno-176-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-176-6" name="__codelineno-176-6" href="#__codelineno-176-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-176-7" name="__codelineno-176-7" href="#__codelineno-176-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-176-8" name="__codelineno-176-8" href="#__codelineno-176-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-176-9" name="__codelineno-176-9" href="#__codelineno-176-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-176-10" name="__codelineno-176-10" href="#__codelineno-176-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-176-1" name="__codelineno-176-1" href="#__codelineno-176-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-177-1" name="__codelineno-177-1" href="#__codelineno-177-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-2" name="__codelineno-177-2" href="#__codelineno-177-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">factorial_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-3" name="__codelineno-177-3" href="#__codelineno-177-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-4" name="__codelineno-177-4" href="#__codelineno-177-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-5" name="__codelineno-177-5" href="#__codelineno-177-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-6" name="__codelineno-177-6" href="#__codelineno-177-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-7" name="__codelineno-177-7" href="#__codelineno-177-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-8" name="__codelineno-177-8" href="#__codelineno-177-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-9" name="__codelineno-177-9" href="#__codelineno-177-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factorial_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-10" name="__codelineno-177-10" href="#__codelineno-177-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-11" name="__codelineno-177-11" href="#__codelineno-177-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-177-12" name="__codelineno-177-12" href="#__codelineno-177-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-177-1" name="__codelineno-177-1" href="#__codelineno-177-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">factorial_recur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-178-1" name="__codelineno-178-1" href="#__codelineno-178-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 阶乘阶（递归实现） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-178-2" name="__codelineno-178-2" href="#__codelineno-178-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-178-3" name="__codelineno-178-3" href="#__codelineno-178-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-178-4" name="__codelineno-178-4" href="#__codelineno-178-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-178-5" name="__codelineno-178-5" href="#__codelineno-178-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-178-6" name="__codelineno-178-6" href="#__codelineno-178-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-178-7" name="__codelineno-178-7" href="#__codelineno-178-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-178-8" name="__codelineno-178-8" href="#__codelineno-178-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-178-9" name="__codelineno-178-9" href="#__codelineno-178-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-178-10" name="__codelineno-178-10" href="#__codelineno-178-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-178-1" name="__codelineno-178-1" href="#__codelineno-178-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-179-1" name="__codelineno-179-1" href="#__codelineno-179-1"></a><span class="c1">// 阶乘阶（递归实现）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-2" name="__codelineno-179-2" href="#__codelineno-179-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-3" name="__codelineno-179-3" href="#__codelineno-179-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-4" name="__codelineno-179-4" href="#__codelineno-179-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-5" name="__codelineno-179-5" href="#__codelineno-179-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-6" name="__codelineno-179-6" href="#__codelineno-179-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-7" name="__codelineno-179-7" href="#__codelineno-179-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-8" name="__codelineno-179-8" href="#__codelineno-179-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-9" name="__codelineno-179-9" href="#__codelineno-179-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-10" name="__codelineno-179-10" href="#__codelineno-179-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-179-11" name="__codelineno-179-11" href="#__codelineno-179-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-179-1" name="__codelineno-179-1" href="#__codelineno-179-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">factorialRecur</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -6115,304 +4968,69 @@ n! = n \times (n - 1) \times (n - 2) \times \dots \times 2 \times 1
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="16:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_16_1" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_2" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_3" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_4" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_5" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_6" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_7" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_8" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_9" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_10" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_11" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_16_12" name="__tabbed_16" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_16_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_16_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_16_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_16_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_16_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_16_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_16_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_16_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_16_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_16_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_16_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_16_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-180-1" name="__codelineno-180-1" href="#__codelineno-180-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">random_numbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-2" name="__codelineno-180-2" href="#__codelineno-180-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;生成一个数组，元素为: 1, 2, ..., n ，顺序被打乱&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-3" name="__codelineno-180-3" href="#__codelineno-180-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 生成数组 nums =: 1, 2, 3, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-4" name="__codelineno-180-4" href="#__codelineno-180-4"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-5" name="__codelineno-180-5" href="#__codelineno-180-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-6" name="__codelineno-180-6" href="#__codelineno-180-6"></a>    <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shuffle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-7" name="__codelineno-180-7" href="#__codelineno-180-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-8" name="__codelineno-180-8" href="#__codelineno-180-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-9" name="__codelineno-180-9" href="#__codelineno-180-9"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">find_one</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-10" name="__codelineno-180-10" href="#__codelineno-180-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-11" name="__codelineno-180-11" href="#__codelineno-180-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-12" name="__codelineno-180-12" href="#__codelineno-180-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-13" name="__codelineno-180-13" href="#__codelineno-180-13"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-14" name="__codelineno-180-14" href="#__codelineno-180-14"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-15" name="__codelineno-180-15" href="#__codelineno-180-15"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-180-16" name="__codelineno-180-16" href="#__codelineno-180-16"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-180-1" name="__codelineno-180-1" href="#__codelineno-180-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">random_numbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-180-2" name="__codelineno-180-2" href="#__codelineno-180-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-180-3" name="__codelineno-180-3" href="#__codelineno-180-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find_one</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-181-1" name="__codelineno-181-1" href="#__codelineno-181-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-2" name="__codelineno-181-2" href="#__codelineno-181-2"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-3" name="__codelineno-181-3" href="#__codelineno-181-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-4" name="__codelineno-181-4" href="#__codelineno-181-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-5" name="__codelineno-181-5" href="#__codelineno-181-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-6" name="__codelineno-181-6" href="#__codelineno-181-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-7" name="__codelineno-181-7" href="#__codelineno-181-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-8" name="__codelineno-181-8" href="#__codelineno-181-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用系统时间生成随机种子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-9" name="__codelineno-181-9" href="#__codelineno-181-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">seed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">chrono</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">system_clock</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">now</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">time_since_epoch</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-10" name="__codelineno-181-10" href="#__codelineno-181-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-11" name="__codelineno-181-11" href="#__codelineno-181-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">shuffle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">default_random_engine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">seed</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-12" name="__codelineno-181-12" href="#__codelineno-181-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-13" name="__codelineno-181-13" href="#__codelineno-181-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-14" name="__codelineno-181-14" href="#__codelineno-181-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-15" name="__codelineno-181-15" href="#__codelineno-181-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-16" name="__codelineno-181-16" href="#__codelineno-181-16"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findOne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-17" name="__codelineno-181-17" href="#__codelineno-181-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-18" name="__codelineno-181-18" href="#__codelineno-181-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-19" name="__codelineno-181-19" href="#__codelineno-181-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-20" name="__codelineno-181-20" href="#__codelineno-181-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-21" name="__codelineno-181-21" href="#__codelineno-181-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-22" name="__codelineno-181-22" href="#__codelineno-181-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-23" name="__codelineno-181-23" href="#__codelineno-181-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-181-24" name="__codelineno-181-24" href="#__codelineno-181-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-181-1" name="__codelineno-181-1" href="#__codelineno-181-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-181-2" name="__codelineno-181-2" href="#__codelineno-181-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-181-3" name="__codelineno-181-3" href="#__codelineno-181-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">findOne</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-182-1" name="__codelineno-182-1" href="#__codelineno-182-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-2" name="__codelineno-182-2" href="#__codelineno-182-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-3" name="__codelineno-182-3" href="#__codelineno-182-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-4" name="__codelineno-182-4" href="#__codelineno-182-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-5" name="__codelineno-182-5" href="#__codelineno-182-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-6" name="__codelineno-182-6" href="#__codelineno-182-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-7" name="__codelineno-182-7" href="#__codelineno-182-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-8" name="__codelineno-182-8" href="#__codelineno-182-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-9" name="__codelineno-182-9" href="#__codelineno-182-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Collections</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">shuffle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">asList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-10" name="__codelineno-182-10" href="#__codelineno-182-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// Integer[] -&gt; int[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-11" name="__codelineno-182-11" href="#__codelineno-182-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-12" name="__codelineno-182-12" href="#__codelineno-182-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-13" name="__codelineno-182-13" href="#__codelineno-182-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-14" name="__codelineno-182-14" href="#__codelineno-182-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-15" name="__codelineno-182-15" href="#__codelineno-182-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-16" name="__codelineno-182-16" href="#__codelineno-182-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-17" name="__codelineno-182-17" href="#__codelineno-182-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-18" name="__codelineno-182-18" href="#__codelineno-182-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-19" name="__codelineno-182-19" href="#__codelineno-182-19"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">findOne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-20" name="__codelineno-182-20" href="#__codelineno-182-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-21" name="__codelineno-182-21" href="#__codelineno-182-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-22" name="__codelineno-182-22" href="#__codelineno-182-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-23" name="__codelineno-182-23" href="#__codelineno-182-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-24" name="__codelineno-182-24" href="#__codelineno-182-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-25" name="__codelineno-182-25" href="#__codelineno-182-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-26" name="__codelineno-182-26" href="#__codelineno-182-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-182-27" name="__codelineno-182-27" href="#__codelineno-182-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-182-1" name="__codelineno-182-1" href="#__codelineno-182-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">worst_best_time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-182-2" name="__codelineno-182-2" href="#__codelineno-182-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-182-3" name="__codelineno-182-3" href="#__codelineno-182-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">worst_best_time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">findOne</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-183-1" name="__codelineno-183-1" href="#__codelineno-183-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-2" name="__codelineno-183-2" href="#__codelineno-183-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-3" name="__codelineno-183-3" href="#__codelineno-183-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-4" name="__codelineno-183-4" href="#__codelineno-183-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-5" name="__codelineno-183-5" href="#__codelineno-183-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-6" name="__codelineno-183-6" href="#__codelineno-183-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-7" name="__codelineno-183-7" href="#__codelineno-183-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-8" name="__codelineno-183-8" href="#__codelineno-183-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-9" name="__codelineno-183-9" href="#__codelineno-183-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-10" name="__codelineno-183-10" href="#__codelineno-183-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-11" name="__codelineno-183-11" href="#__codelineno-183-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Random</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">Next</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-12" name="__codelineno-183-12" href="#__codelineno-183-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-13" name="__codelineno-183-13" href="#__codelineno-183-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ran</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-14" name="__codelineno-183-14" href="#__codelineno-183-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ran</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-15" name="__codelineno-183-15" href="#__codelineno-183-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-16" name="__codelineno-183-16" href="#__codelineno-183-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-17" name="__codelineno-183-17" href="#__codelineno-183-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-18" name="__codelineno-183-18" href="#__codelineno-183-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-19" name="__codelineno-183-19" href="#__codelineno-183-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-20" name="__codelineno-183-20" href="#__codelineno-183-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-21" name="__codelineno-183-21" href="#__codelineno-183-21"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">findOne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-22" name="__codelineno-183-22" href="#__codelineno-183-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-23" name="__codelineno-183-23" href="#__codelineno-183-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-24" name="__codelineno-183-24" href="#__codelineno-183-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-25" name="__codelineno-183-25" href="#__codelineno-183-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-26" name="__codelineno-183-26" href="#__codelineno-183-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-27" name="__codelineno-183-27" href="#__codelineno-183-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-28" name="__codelineno-183-28" href="#__codelineno-183-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-183-29" name="__codelineno-183-29" href="#__codelineno-183-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-183-1" name="__codelineno-183-1" href="#__codelineno-183-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">worst_best_time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-183-2" name="__codelineno-183-2" href="#__codelineno-183-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-183-3" name="__codelineno-183-3" href="#__codelineno-183-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">worst_best_time_complexity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">findOne</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-184-1" name="__codelineno-184-1" href="#__codelineno-184-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-2" name="__codelineno-184-2" href="#__codelineno-184-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-3" name="__codelineno-184-3" href="#__codelineno-184-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-4" name="__codelineno-184-4" href="#__codelineno-184-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-5" name="__codelineno-184-5" href="#__codelineno-184-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-6" name="__codelineno-184-6" href="#__codelineno-184-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-7" name="__codelineno-184-7" href="#__codelineno-184-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-8" name="__codelineno-184-8" href="#__codelineno-184-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-9" name="__codelineno-184-9" href="#__codelineno-184-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">rand</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Shuffle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-10" name="__codelineno-184-10" href="#__codelineno-184-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-11" name="__codelineno-184-11" href="#__codelineno-184-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-12" name="__codelineno-184-12" href="#__codelineno-184-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-13" name="__codelineno-184-13" href="#__codelineno-184-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-14" name="__codelineno-184-14" href="#__codelineno-184-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-15" name="__codelineno-184-15" href="#__codelineno-184-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-16" name="__codelineno-184-16" href="#__codelineno-184-16"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">findOne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-17" name="__codelineno-184-17" href="#__codelineno-184-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-18" name="__codelineno-184-18" href="#__codelineno-184-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-19" name="__codelineno-184-19" href="#__codelineno-184-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-20" name="__codelineno-184-20" href="#__codelineno-184-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-21" name="__codelineno-184-21" href="#__codelineno-184-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-22" name="__codelineno-184-22" href="#__codelineno-184-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-23" name="__codelineno-184-23" href="#__codelineno-184-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-24" name="__codelineno-184-24" href="#__codelineno-184-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-184-25" name="__codelineno-184-25" href="#__codelineno-184-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-184-1" name="__codelineno-184-1" href="#__codelineno-184-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-184-2" name="__codelineno-184-2" href="#__codelineno-184-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-184-3" name="__codelineno-184-3" href="#__codelineno-184-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">findOne</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-185-1" name="__codelineno-185-1" href="#__codelineno-185-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-2" name="__codelineno-185-2" href="#__codelineno-185-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-3" name="__codelineno-185-3" href="#__codelineno-185-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-4" name="__codelineno-185-4" href="#__codelineno-185-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">...</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-5" name="__codelineno-185-5" href="#__codelineno-185-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-6" name="__codelineno-185-6" href="#__codelineno-185-6"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">shuffle</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-7" name="__codelineno-185-7" href="#__codelineno-185-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-8" name="__codelineno-185-8" href="#__codelineno-185-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-9" name="__codelineno-185-9" href="#__codelineno-185-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-10" name="__codelineno-185-10" href="#__codelineno-185-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-11" name="__codelineno-185-11" href="#__codelineno-185-11"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">findOne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-12" name="__codelineno-185-12" href="#__codelineno-185-12"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-13" name="__codelineno-185-13" href="#__codelineno-185-13"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-14" name="__codelineno-185-14" href="#__codelineno-185-14"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-15" name="__codelineno-185-15" href="#__codelineno-185-15"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-16" name="__codelineno-185-16" href="#__codelineno-185-16"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-17" name="__codelineno-185-17" href="#__codelineno-185-17"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-18" name="__codelineno-185-18" href="#__codelineno-185-18"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-19" name="__codelineno-185-19" href="#__codelineno-185-19"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-185-20" name="__codelineno-185-20" href="#__codelineno-185-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-185-1" name="__codelineno-185-1" href="#__codelineno-185-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-185-2" name="__codelineno-185-2" href="#__codelineno-185-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-185-3" name="__codelineno-185-3" href="#__codelineno-185-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">findOne</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-186-1" name="__codelineno-186-1" href="#__codelineno-186-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-2" name="__codelineno-186-2" href="#__codelineno-186-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-3" name="__codelineno-186-3" href="#__codelineno-186-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-4" name="__codelineno-186-4" href="#__codelineno-186-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-5" name="__codelineno-186-5" href="#__codelineno-186-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-6" name="__codelineno-186-6" href="#__codelineno-186-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-7" name="__codelineno-186-7" href="#__codelineno-186-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-8" name="__codelineno-186-8" href="#__codelineno-186-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-9" name="__codelineno-186-9" href="#__codelineno-186-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-10" name="__codelineno-186-10" href="#__codelineno-186-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">random</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-11" name="__codelineno-186-11" href="#__codelineno-186-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-12" name="__codelineno-186-12" href="#__codelineno-186-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-13" name="__codelineno-186-13" href="#__codelineno-186-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-14" name="__codelineno-186-14" href="#__codelineno-186-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-15" name="__codelineno-186-15" href="#__codelineno-186-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-16" name="__codelineno-186-16" href="#__codelineno-186-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-17" name="__codelineno-186-17" href="#__codelineno-186-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-18" name="__codelineno-186-18" href="#__codelineno-186-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-19" name="__codelineno-186-19" href="#__codelineno-186-19"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">findOne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-20" name="__codelineno-186-20" href="#__codelineno-186-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-21" name="__codelineno-186-21" href="#__codelineno-186-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-22" name="__codelineno-186-22" href="#__codelineno-186-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-23" name="__codelineno-186-23" href="#__codelineno-186-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-24" name="__codelineno-186-24" href="#__codelineno-186-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-25" name="__codelineno-186-25" href="#__codelineno-186-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-26" name="__codelineno-186-26" href="#__codelineno-186-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-27" name="__codelineno-186-27" href="#__codelineno-186-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-186-28" name="__codelineno-186-28" href="#__codelineno-186-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-186-1" name="__codelineno-186-1" href="#__codelineno-186-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-186-2" name="__codelineno-186-2" href="#__codelineno-186-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-186-3" name="__codelineno-186-3" href="#__codelineno-186-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">findOne</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-187-1" name="__codelineno-187-1" href="#__codelineno-187-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-2" name="__codelineno-187-2" href="#__codelineno-187-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-3" name="__codelineno-187-3" href="#__codelineno-187-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-4" name="__codelineno-187-4" href="#__codelineno-187-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-5" name="__codelineno-187-5" href="#__codelineno-187-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-6" name="__codelineno-187-6" href="#__codelineno-187-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-7" name="__codelineno-187-7" href="#__codelineno-187-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-8" name="__codelineno-187-8" href="#__codelineno-187-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-9" name="__codelineno-187-9" href="#__codelineno-187-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-10" name="__codelineno-187-10" href="#__codelineno-187-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">random</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-11" name="__codelineno-187-11" href="#__codelineno-187-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-12" name="__codelineno-187-12" href="#__codelineno-187-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-13" name="__codelineno-187-13" href="#__codelineno-187-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-14" name="__codelineno-187-14" href="#__codelineno-187-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-15" name="__codelineno-187-15" href="#__codelineno-187-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-16" name="__codelineno-187-16" href="#__codelineno-187-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-17" name="__codelineno-187-17" href="#__codelineno-187-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-18" name="__codelineno-187-18" href="#__codelineno-187-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-19" name="__codelineno-187-19" href="#__codelineno-187-19"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">findOne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-20" name="__codelineno-187-20" href="#__codelineno-187-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-21" name="__codelineno-187-21" href="#__codelineno-187-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-22" name="__codelineno-187-22" href="#__codelineno-187-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-23" name="__codelineno-187-23" href="#__codelineno-187-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-24" name="__codelineno-187-24" href="#__codelineno-187-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-25" name="__codelineno-187-25" href="#__codelineno-187-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-26" name="__codelineno-187-26" href="#__codelineno-187-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-27" name="__codelineno-187-27" href="#__codelineno-187-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-187-28" name="__codelineno-187-28" href="#__codelineno-187-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-187-1" name="__codelineno-187-1" href="#__codelineno-187-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-187-2" name="__codelineno-187-2" href="#__codelineno-187-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-187-3" name="__codelineno-187-3" href="#__codelineno-187-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">findOne</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-188-1" name="__codelineno-188-1" href="#__codelineno-188-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-2" name="__codelineno-188-2" href="#__codelineno-188-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-3" name="__codelineno-188-3" href="#__codelineno-188-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-4" name="__codelineno-188-4" href="#__codelineno-188-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-5" name="__codelineno-188-5" href="#__codelineno-188-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-6" name="__codelineno-188-6" href="#__codelineno-188-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-7" name="__codelineno-188-7" href="#__codelineno-188-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-8" name="__codelineno-188-8" href="#__codelineno-188-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-9" name="__codelineno-188-9" href="#__codelineno-188-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">shuffle</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-10" name="__codelineno-188-10" href="#__codelineno-188-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-11" name="__codelineno-188-11" href="#__codelineno-188-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-12" name="__codelineno-188-12" href="#__codelineno-188-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-13" name="__codelineno-188-13" href="#__codelineno-188-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-14" name="__codelineno-188-14" href="#__codelineno-188-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-15" name="__codelineno-188-15" href="#__codelineno-188-15"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findOne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-16" name="__codelineno-188-16" href="#__codelineno-188-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-17" name="__codelineno-188-17" href="#__codelineno-188-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-18" name="__codelineno-188-18" href="#__codelineno-188-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-19" name="__codelineno-188-19" href="#__codelineno-188-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-20" name="__codelineno-188-20" href="#__codelineno-188-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-21" name="__codelineno-188-21" href="#__codelineno-188-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-22" name="__codelineno-188-22" href="#__codelineno-188-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-188-23" name="__codelineno-188-23" href="#__codelineno-188-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-188-1" name="__codelineno-188-1" href="#__codelineno-188-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-188-2" name="__codelineno-188-2" href="#__codelineno-188-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-188-3" name="__codelineno-188-3" href="#__codelineno-188-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">findOne</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-189-1" name="__codelineno-189-1" href="#__codelineno-189-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-2" name="__codelineno-189-2" href="#__codelineno-189-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">random_numbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-3" name="__codelineno-189-3" href="#__codelineno-189-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-4" name="__codelineno-189-4" href="#__codelineno-189-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">collect</span>::<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-5" name="__codelineno-189-5" href="#__codelineno-189-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-6" name="__codelineno-189-6" href="#__codelineno-189-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">shuffle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">thread_rng</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-7" name="__codelineno-189-7" href="#__codelineno-189-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-8" name="__codelineno-189-8" href="#__codelineno-189-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-9" name="__codelineno-189-9" href="#__codelineno-189-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-10" name="__codelineno-189-10" href="#__codelineno-189-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-11" name="__codelineno-189-11" href="#__codelineno-189-11"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">find_one</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-12" name="__codelineno-189-12" href="#__codelineno-189-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-13" name="__codelineno-189-13" href="#__codelineno-189-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-14" name="__codelineno-189-14" href="#__codelineno-189-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-15" name="__codelineno-189-15" href="#__codelineno-189-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-16" name="__codelineno-189-16" href="#__codelineno-189-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-17" name="__codelineno-189-17" href="#__codelineno-189-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-18" name="__codelineno-189-18" href="#__codelineno-189-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-19" name="__codelineno-189-19" href="#__codelineno-189-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-189-20" name="__codelineno-189-20" href="#__codelineno-189-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-189-1" name="__codelineno-189-1" href="#__codelineno-189-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">random_numbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-189-2" name="__codelineno-189-2" href="#__codelineno-189-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-189-3" name="__codelineno-189-3" href="#__codelineno-189-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">find_one</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-190-1" name="__codelineno-190-1" href="#__codelineno-190-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 生成一个数组，元素为 { 1, 2, ..., n }，顺序被打乱 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-2" name="__codelineno-190-2" href="#__codelineno-190-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-3" name="__codelineno-190-3" href="#__codelineno-190-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 分配堆区内存（创建一维可变长数组：数组中元素数量为 n ，元素类型为 int ）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-4" name="__codelineno-190-4" href="#__codelineno-190-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-5" name="__codelineno-190-5" href="#__codelineno-190-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 生成数组 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-6" name="__codelineno-190-6" href="#__codelineno-190-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-7" name="__codelineno-190-7" href="#__codelineno-190-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-8" name="__codelineno-190-8" href="#__codelineno-190-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-9" name="__codelineno-190-9" href="#__codelineno-190-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 随机打乱数组元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-10" name="__codelineno-190-10" href="#__codelineno-190-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-11" name="__codelineno-190-11" href="#__codelineno-190-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-12" name="__codelineno-190-12" href="#__codelineno-190-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-13" name="__codelineno-190-13" href="#__codelineno-190-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-14" name="__codelineno-190-14" href="#__codelineno-190-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-15" name="__codelineno-190-15" href="#__codelineno-190-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-16" name="__codelineno-190-16" href="#__codelineno-190-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-17" name="__codelineno-190-17" href="#__codelineno-190-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-18" name="__codelineno-190-18" href="#__codelineno-190-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-19" name="__codelineno-190-19" href="#__codelineno-190-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-20" name="__codelineno-190-20" href="#__codelineno-190-20"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">findOne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-21" name="__codelineno-190-21" href="#__codelineno-190-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-22" name="__codelineno-190-22" href="#__codelineno-190-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组头部时，达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-23" name="__codelineno-190-23" href="#__codelineno-190-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当元素 1 在数组尾部时，达到最差时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-24" name="__codelineno-190-24" href="#__codelineno-190-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-25" name="__codelineno-190-25" href="#__codelineno-190-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-26" name="__codelineno-190-26" href="#__codelineno-190-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-27" name="__codelineno-190-27" href="#__codelineno-190-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-190-28" name="__codelineno-190-28" href="#__codelineno-190-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-190-1" name="__codelineno-190-1" href="#__codelineno-190-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">randomNumbers</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-190-2" name="__codelineno-190-2" href="#__codelineno-190-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-190-3" name="__codelineno-190-3" href="#__codelineno-190-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">findOne</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -6517,7 +5135,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -6583,31 +5206,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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diff --git a/chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/index.html b/chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/index.html
index 2b5eda503..af23b57bd 100644
--- a/chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/index.html
+++ b/chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
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       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3512,7 +3532,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
+    
+    
+  
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+
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@@ -3578,31 +3603,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
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+                下一页
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diff --git a/chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/index.html b/chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/index.html
index 263f9f2ac..3e904f14a 100644
--- a/chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/index.html
+++ b/chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
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       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3410,9 +3430,9 @@
 <p>由于以上编程语言对字符数量的低估，它们不得不采取“代理对”的方式来表示超过 16 位长度的 Unicode 字符。这是一个不得已为之的无奈之举。一方面，包含代理对的字符串中，一个字符可能占用 2 字节或 4 字节，从而丧失了等长编码的优势。另一方面，处理代理对需要增加额外代码，这增加了编程的复杂性和 Debug 难度。</p>
 <p>出于以上原因，部分编程语言提出了一些不同的编码方案。</p>
 <ul>
-<li>Python 3 使用一种灵活的字符串表示，存储的字符长度取决于字符串中最大的 Unicode 码点。对于全部是 ASCII 字符的字符串，每个字符占用 1 个字节；如果字符串中包含的字符超出了 ASCII 范围，但全部在基本多语言平面（BMP）内，每个字符占用 2 个字节；如果字符串中有超出 BMP 的字符，那么每个字符占用 4 个字节。</li>
+<li>Python 中的 <code>str</code> 使用 Unicode 编码，并采用一种灵活的字符串表示，存储的字符长度取决于字符串中最大的 Unicode 码点。若字符串中全部是 ASCII 字符，则每个字符占用 1 个字节；如果有字符超出了 ASCII 范围，但全部在基本多语言平面（BMP）内，则每个字符占用 2 个字节；如果有超出 BMP 的字符，则每个字符占用 4 个字节。</li>
 <li>Go 语言的 <code>string</code> 类型在内部使用 UTF-8 编码。Go 语言还提供了 <code>rune</code> 类型，它用于表示单个 Unicode 码点。</li>
-<li>Rust 语言的 str 和 String 类型在内部使用 UTF-8 编码。Rust 也提供了 char 类型，用于表示单个 Unicode 码点。</li>
+<li>Rust 语言的 str 和 String 类型在内部使用 UTF-8 编码。Rust 也提供了 <code>char</code> 类型，用于表示单个 Unicode 码点。</li>
 </ul>
 <p>需要注意的是，以上讨论的都是字符串在编程语言中的存储方式，<strong>这和字符串如何在文件中存储或在网络中传输是两个不同的问题</strong>。在文件存储或网络传输中，我们通常会将字符串编码为 UTF-8 格式，以达到最优的兼容性和空间效率。</p>
 
@@ -3482,7 +3502,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
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+
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@@ -3548,31 +3573,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
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diff --git a/chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/index.html b/chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/index.html
index 3e2df97ae..144ecb71b 100644
--- a/chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/index.html
+++ b/chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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@@ -3416,7 +3436,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3482,31 +3507,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
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index 2f7fc9c5e..7bd991449 100644
--- a/chapter_data_structure/index.html
+++ b/chapter_data_structure/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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@@ -3332,7 +3352,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3398,31 +3423,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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--- a/chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/index.html
+++ b/chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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@@ -3399,7 +3419,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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diff --git a/chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/index.html b/chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/index.html
index e4f91df34..0530888ca 100644
--- a/chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/index.html
+++ b/chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
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@@ -3334,288 +3354,63 @@
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二分查找：问题 f(i, j)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若区间为空，代表无目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="c1"># 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>        <span class="c1"># 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">binary_search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二分查找&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>    <span class="c1"># 求解问题 f(0, n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找：问题 f(i, j) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若区间为空，代表无目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求解问题 f(0, n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找：问题 f(i, j) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若区间为空，代表无目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求解问题 f(0, n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_search_recur</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_search_recur</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找：问题 f(i, j) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若区间为空，代表无目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求解问题 f(0, n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_search_recur</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_search_recur</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找：问题 f(i, j) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 如果区间为空，代表没有目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//    计算索引中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//判断中点与目标元素大小</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 小于则递归右半数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 小于则递归左半数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找：问题 f(i, j) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若区间为空，代表无目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>        <span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>    <span class="c1">// 求解问题 f(0, n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找：问题 f(i, j) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若区间为空，代表无目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求解问题 f(0, n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找：问题 f(i, j) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若区间为空，代表无目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求解问题 f(0, n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找：问题 f(i, j) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若区间为空，代表无目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 求解问题 f(0, n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找：问题 f(i, j) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若区间为空，代表无目标元素，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(m+1, j)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归子问题 f(i, m-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">binary_search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求解问题 f(0, n-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_recur.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3699,7 +3494,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3765,31 +3565,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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index f413c6a5c..66b0b3d1d 100644
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@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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@@ -3415,313 +3435,63 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>    <span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="n">r</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构建二叉树：分治&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">r</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="n">root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>    <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>    <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">r</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构建二叉树&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a>    <span class="n">inorder_map</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">enumerate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">)}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-27" name="__codelineno-0-27" href="#__codelineno-0-27"></a>    <span class="n">root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">root</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树：分治 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unordered_map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">unordered_map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树：分治 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">build_tree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">build_tree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树：分治 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Dictionary</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Dictionary</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Dictionary</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TryAdd</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树：分治 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfsBuildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">NewTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfsBuildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfsBuildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfsBuildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfsBuildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树：分治 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">r</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">r</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">!</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">r</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">r</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">r</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">inorderMap</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">enumerated</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="bp">reduce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">into</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[:])</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv">$1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">element</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nv">$1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">offset</span> <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">r</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树：分治 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树：分治 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树：分治 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorderMap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树：分治 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder_map</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">HashMap</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子树区间为空时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 查询 m ，从而划分左右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建左子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题：构建右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 构建二叉树 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化哈希表，存储 inorder 元素到索引的映射</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder_map</span>: <span class="nc">HashMap</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preorder</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">inorder_map</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inorder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">build_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3845,7 +3615,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3911,31 +3686,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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@@ -3945,14 +3737,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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index 262c77771..17f6f2728 100644
--- a/chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/index.html
+++ b/chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
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+    </button>
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+      </ul>
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+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3506,7 +3526,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
+    
+    
+  
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+
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@@ -3572,31 +3597,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
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+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
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+        
+          
+          <a href="../binary_search_recur/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 12.2 &amp;nbsp; 分治搜索策略" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                12.2 &nbsp; 分治搜索策略
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
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+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -3606,14 +3648,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/index.html b/chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/index.html
index 19618b553..85d5eee50 100644
--- a/chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/index.html
+++ b/chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
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+          <li class="md-select__item">
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+              中文
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+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3419,324 +3439,83 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;移动一个圆盘&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">pan</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="n">tar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>    <span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>    <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">solve_hanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">B</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">C</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;求解汉诺塔&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>    <span class="c1"># 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>    <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">C</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">solve_hanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 移动一个圆盘 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">solveHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">solveHanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 移动一个圆盘 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">solveHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">hanota</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">hanota</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">hanota</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">solveHanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 移动一个圆盘 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">^</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">solveHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">hanota</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">hanota</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">hanota</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">solveHanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 移动一个圆盘 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Back</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pan</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 移除 src 顶部圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pan</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfsHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfsHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buf</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfsHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">solveHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">C</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">A</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfsHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">C</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfsHanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">solveHanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 移动一个圆盘 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pan</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">!</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>    <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">solveHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">B</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">C</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">A</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>    <span class="c1">// 列表尾部是柱子顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>    <span class="c1">// 将 src 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>    <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">solveHanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 移动一个圆盘 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pan</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buf</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">solveHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">C</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">A</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">C</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">solveHanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 移动一个圆盘 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pan</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buf</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buf</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">solveHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">A</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">B</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">C</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">A</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">C</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">move</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">solveHanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 移动一个圆盘 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">solveHanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">solveHanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 移动一个圆盘 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">move_pan</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从 src 顶部拿出一个圆盘</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将圆盘放入 tar 顶部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pan</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔：问题 f(i) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若 src 只剩下一个圆盘，则直接将其移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">move_pan</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 src 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 tar 移到 buf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(1) ：将 src 剩余一个圆盘移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">move_pan</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子问题 f(i-1) ：将 buf 顶部 i-1 个圆盘借助 src 移到 tar</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buf</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解汉诺塔 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">solve_hanota</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">A</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">B</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">C</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 A 顶部 n 个圆盘借助 B 移到 C</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">C</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hanota.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">move_pan</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">solve_hanota</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3833,7 +3612,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
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   <script 
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@@ -3899,31 +3683,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
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@@ -3338,192 +3358,43 @@ dp[i] = \min(dp[i-1], dp[i-2]) + cost[i]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3531,23 +3402,7 @@ dp[i] = \min(dp[i-1], dp[i-2]) + cost[i]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 爬楼梯最小代价：动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3560,163 +3415,43 @@ dp[i] = \min(dp[i-1], dp[i-2]) + cost[i]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;爬楼梯最小代价：空间优化后的动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">b</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>        <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">b</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯最小代价：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">b</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3724,22 +3459,7 @@ dp[i] = \min(dp[i-1], dp[i-2]) + cost[i]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 爬楼梯最小代价：空间优化后的动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3777,216 +3497,43 @@ dp[i, 2] = dp[i-2, 1] + dp[i-2, 2]
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;带约束爬楼梯：动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3994,25 +3541,7 @@ dp[i, 2] = dp[i-2, 1] + dp[i-2, 2]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4091,7 +3620,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -4157,31 +3691,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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+        
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+          <a href="../intro_to_dynamic_programming/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 14.1 &amp;nbsp; 初探动态规划" rel="prev">
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+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
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+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                14.1 &nbsp; 初探动态规划
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+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../dp_solution_pipeline/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 14.3 &amp;nbsp; DP 解题思路" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                14.3 &nbsp; DP 解题思路
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -4191,14 +3742,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
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diff --git a/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/index.html b/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/index.html
index a5b833e81..409366498 100644
--- a/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/index.html
+++ b/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
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+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
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+    </button>
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       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3458,195 +3478,43 @@ dp[i, j] = \min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">min_path_sum_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;最小路径和：暴力搜索&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">inf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="n">up</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">MAX_VALUE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">min_path_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">MaxValue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">MaxInt</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">max</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">up</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">Infinity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">Infinity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在 Dart 中，int 类型是固定范围的整数，不存在表示“无穷大”的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BigInt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">31</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">toInt</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">min_path_sum_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span>::<span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3654,22 +3522,7 @@ dp[i, j] = \min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 最小路径和：暴力搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">anytype</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">maxInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))][</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">))];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3685,247 +3538,43 @@ dp[i, j] = \min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">min_path_sum_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>    <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;最小路径和：记忆化搜索&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">inf</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>    <span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>    <span class="n">up</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>    <span class="c1"># 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>    <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">MAX_VALUE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">min_path_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">MaxValue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">MaxInt</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">max</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>    <span class="c1">// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">up</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>    <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">Infinity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">Infinity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在 Dart 中，int 类型是固定范围的整数，不存在表示“无穷大”的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BigInt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">31</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">toInt</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">min_path_sum_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span>::<span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3933,28 +3582,7 @@ dp[i, j] = \min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 最小路径和：记忆化搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">anytype</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">anytype</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为左上角单元格，则终止搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若行列索引越界，则返回 +∞ 代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">maxInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))][</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">))]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))][</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">))];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))][</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">))]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))][</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">))];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))][</span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">))];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3968,258 +3596,43 @@ dp[i, j] = \min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">min_path_sum_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;最小路径和：动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a>            <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">min_path_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a>            <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">min_path_sum_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-20" name="__codelineno-33-20" href="#__codelineno-33-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-21" name="__codelineno-33-21" href="#__codelineno-33-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-22" name="__codelineno-33-22" href="#__codelineno-33-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4227,29 +3640,7 @@ dp[i, j] = \min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 最小路径和：动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">anytype</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-20" name="__codelineno-35-20" href="#__codelineno-35-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-21" name="__codelineno-35-21" href="#__codelineno-35-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-22" name="__codelineno-35-22" href="#__codelineno-35-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-23" name="__codelineno-35-23" href="#__codelineno-35-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4304,241 +3695,43 @@ dp[i, j] = \min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">min_path_sum_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;最小路径和：空间优化后的动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-13" name="__codelineno-36-13" href="#__codelineno-36-13"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-14" name="__codelineno-36-14" href="#__codelineno-36-14"></a>        <span class="c1"># 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-15" name="__codelineno-36-15" href="#__codelineno-36-15"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-16" name="__codelineno-36-16" href="#__codelineno-36-16"></a>            <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-17" name="__codelineno-36-17" href="#__codelineno-36-17"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-16" name="__codelineno-37-16" href="#__codelineno-37-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-17" name="__codelineno-37-17" href="#__codelineno-37-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-18" name="__codelineno-37-18" href="#__codelineno-37-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-19" name="__codelineno-37-19" href="#__codelineno-37-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-20" name="__codelineno-37-20" href="#__codelineno-37-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-21" name="__codelineno-37-21" href="#__codelineno-37-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-17" name="__codelineno-38-17" href="#__codelineno-38-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-18" name="__codelineno-38-18" href="#__codelineno-38-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-19" name="__codelineno-38-19" href="#__codelineno-38-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-20" name="__codelineno-38-20" href="#__codelineno-38-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-21" name="__codelineno-38-21" href="#__codelineno-38-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">min_path_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-13" name="__codelineno-39-13" href="#__codelineno-39-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-14" name="__codelineno-39-14" href="#__codelineno-39-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-15" name="__codelineno-39-15" href="#__codelineno-39-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-16" name="__codelineno-39-16" href="#__codelineno-39-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-17" name="__codelineno-39-17" href="#__codelineno-39-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-18" name="__codelineno-39-18" href="#__codelineno-39-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-19" name="__codelineno-39-19" href="#__codelineno-39-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-20" name="__codelineno-39-20" href="#__codelineno-39-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-21" name="__codelineno-39-21" href="#__codelineno-39-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-13" name="__codelineno-40-13" href="#__codelineno-40-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-14" name="__codelineno-40-14" href="#__codelineno-40-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-15" name="__codelineno-40-15" href="#__codelineno-40-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-16" name="__codelineno-40-16" href="#__codelineno-40-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-17" name="__codelineno-40-17" href="#__codelineno-40-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-18" name="__codelineno-40-18" href="#__codelineno-40-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-19" name="__codelineno-40-19" href="#__codelineno-40-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-20" name="__codelineno-40-20" href="#__codelineno-40-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-21" name="__codelineno-40-21" href="#__codelineno-40-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-13" name="__codelineno-41-13" href="#__codelineno-41-13"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-14" name="__codelineno-41-14" href="#__codelineno-41-14"></a>        <span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-15" name="__codelineno-41-15" href="#__codelineno-41-15"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-16" name="__codelineno-41-16" href="#__codelineno-41-16"></a>        <span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-17" name="__codelineno-41-17" href="#__codelineno-41-17"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-18" name="__codelineno-41-18" href="#__codelineno-41-18"></a>            <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-19" name="__codelineno-41-19" href="#__codelineno-41-19"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-20" name="__codelineno-41-20" href="#__codelineno-41-20"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-21" name="__codelineno-41-21" href="#__codelineno-41-21"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-22" name="__codelineno-41-22" href="#__codelineno-41-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-13" name="__codelineno-42-13" href="#__codelineno-42-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-14" name="__codelineno-42-14" href="#__codelineno-42-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-15" name="__codelineno-42-15" href="#__codelineno-42-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-16" name="__codelineno-42-16" href="#__codelineno-42-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-17" name="__codelineno-42-17" href="#__codelineno-42-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-18" name="__codelineno-42-18" href="#__codelineno-42-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-19" name="__codelineno-42-19" href="#__codelineno-42-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-20" name="__codelineno-42-20" href="#__codelineno-42-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-21" name="__codelineno-42-21" href="#__codelineno-42-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-22" name="__codelineno-42-22" href="#__codelineno-42-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-13" name="__codelineno-43-13" href="#__codelineno-43-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-14" name="__codelineno-43-14" href="#__codelineno-43-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-15" name="__codelineno-43-15" href="#__codelineno-43-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-16" name="__codelineno-43-16" href="#__codelineno-43-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-17" name="__codelineno-43-17" href="#__codelineno-43-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-18" name="__codelineno-43-18" href="#__codelineno-43-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-19" name="__codelineno-43-19" href="#__codelineno-43-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-20" name="__codelineno-43-20" href="#__codelineno-43-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-21" name="__codelineno-43-21" href="#__codelineno-43-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-22" name="__codelineno-43-22" href="#__codelineno-43-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-14" name="__codelineno-44-14" href="#__codelineno-44-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-15" name="__codelineno-44-15" href="#__codelineno-44-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-16" name="__codelineno-44-16" href="#__codelineno-44-16"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-17" name="__codelineno-44-17" href="#__codelineno-44-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-18" name="__codelineno-44-18" href="#__codelineno-44-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-19" name="__codelineno-44-19" href="#__codelineno-44-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-20" name="__codelineno-44-20" href="#__codelineno-44-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最小路径和：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">min_path_sum_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-13" name="__codelineno-45-13" href="#__codelineno-45-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-14" name="__codelineno-45-14" href="#__codelineno-45-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-15" name="__codelineno-45-15" href="#__codelineno-45-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-16" name="__codelineno-45-16" href="#__codelineno-45-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-17" name="__codelineno-45-17" href="#__codelineno-45-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-18" name="__codelineno-45-18" href="#__codelineno-45-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-19" name="__codelineno-45-19" href="#__codelineno-45-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-20" name="__codelineno-45-20" href="#__codelineno-45-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-21" name="__codelineno-45-21" href="#__codelineno-45-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">min_path_sum_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4546,27 +3739,7 @@ dp[i, j] = \min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="c1">// 最小路径和：空间优化后的动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">anytype</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-12" name="__codelineno-47-12" href="#__codelineno-47-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-13" name="__codelineno-47-13" href="#__codelineno-47-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-14" name="__codelineno-47-14" href="#__codelineno-47-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-15" name="__codelineno-47-15" href="#__codelineno-47-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-16" name="__codelineno-47-16" href="#__codelineno-47-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-17" name="__codelineno-47-17" href="#__codelineno-47-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-18" name="__codelineno-47-18" href="#__codelineno-47-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-19" name="__codelineno-47-19" href="#__codelineno-47-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-20" name="__codelineno-47-20" href="#__codelineno-47-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-21" name="__codelineno-47-21" href="#__codelineno-47-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_path_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">minPathSumDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4638,7 +3811,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+          <a href="../knapsack_problem/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 14.4 &amp;nbsp; 0-1 背包问题" rel="next">
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index d8fb5b94d..f89c62669 100644
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+++ b/chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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@@ -3376,294 +3396,43 @@ dp[i, j] = dp[i-1, j-1]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">edit_distance_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;编辑距离：动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>                <span class="c1"># 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">edit_distance_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">edit_distance</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">edit_distance</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MinInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">MinInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">utf8CString</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">utf8CString</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">utf8CString</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">utf8CString</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>                <span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">edit_distance_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">chars</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">nth</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">chars</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">nth</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">edit_distance_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3671,32 +3440,7 @@ dp[i, j] = dp[i-1, j-1]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 编辑距离：动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3759,312 +3503,43 @@ dp[i, j] = dp[i-1, j-1]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">edit_distance_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;编辑距离：空间优化后的动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="c1"># 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>        <span class="n">leftup</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>  <span class="c1"># 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>        <span class="c1"># 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>            <span class="n">temp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">leftup</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>                <span class="c1"># 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>            <span class="n">leftup</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">temp</span>  <span class="c1"># 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">edit_distance_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">edit_distance</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">edit_distance</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">leftUp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftUp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MinInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">MinInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftUp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">leftUp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">utf8CString</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">utf8CString</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>        <span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">leftup</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>        <span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>            <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">temp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">utf8CString</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">utf8CString</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">leftup</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>                <span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span> <span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>            <span class="n">leftup</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">temp</span> <span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftup</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftup</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 编辑距离：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">edit_distance_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">chars</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">nth</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">chars</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">nth</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">edit_distance_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4072,35 +3547,7 @@ dp[i, j] = dp[i-1, j-1]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 编辑距离：空间优化后的动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若两字符相等，则直接跳过此两字符</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">leftup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-27" name="__codelineno-23-27" href="#__codelineno-23-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-28" name="__codelineno-23-28" href="#__codelineno-23-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-29" name="__codelineno-23-29" href="#__codelineno-23-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">edit_distance.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">editDistanceDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4172,7 +3619,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -4238,31 +3690,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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+++ b/chapter_dynamic_programming/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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+    </button>
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@@ -3334,7 +3354,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3400,31 +3425,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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+          <a href="intro_to_dynamic_programming/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 14.1 &amp;nbsp; 初探动态规划" rel="next">
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+                下一页
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+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -3434,14 +3476,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/index.html b/chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/index.html
index 08dc81e0f..9eb4bede2 100644
--- a/chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/index.html
+++ b/chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
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       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3352,344 +3372,75 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;回溯&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="c1"># 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="c1"># 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="c1"># 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;爬楼梯：回溯&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>    <span class="n">choices</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>  <span class="c1"># 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>    <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>  <span class="c1"># 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">asList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">climbing_stairs_backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">climbing_stairs_backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">state</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">choices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">choice</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">choices</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">state</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>    <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">any</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：回溯 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 回溯</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当爬到第 n 阶时，方案数量加 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choice</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 回退</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="c1">// 爬楼梯：回溯</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从第 0 阶开始爬</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">choices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-28" name="__codelineno-11-28" href="#__codelineno-11-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_backtrack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsBacktrack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3714,204 +3465,75 @@ dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;搜索&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;爬楼梯：搜索&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">climbing_stairs_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">climbing_stairs_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="c1">// 爬楼梯：搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3931,297 +3553,75 @@ dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;记忆化搜索&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>    <span class="c1"># 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>    <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;爬楼梯：记忆化搜索&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a>    <span class="c1"># mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a>    <span class="n">mem</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfsMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfsMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfsMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfsMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfsMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>    <span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>    <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a>    <span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">mem</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-25" name="__codelineno-34-25" href="#__codelineno-34-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-26" name="__codelineno-34-26" href="#__codelineno-34-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 记忆化搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若存在记录 dp[i] ，则直接返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录 dp[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="c1">// 爬楼梯：记忆化搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-20" name="__codelineno-35-20" href="#__codelineno-35-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数，-1 代表无记录</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-21" name="__codelineno-35-21" href="#__codelineno-35-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-22" name="__codelineno-35-22" href="#__codelineno-35-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-23" name="__codelineno-35-23" href="#__codelineno-35-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4237,219 +3637,51 @@ dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;爬楼梯：动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-13" name="__codelineno-39-13" href="#__codelineno-39-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-14" name="__codelineno-39-14" href="#__codelineno-39-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-15" name="__codelineno-39-15" href="#__codelineno-39-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-13" name="__codelineno-40-13" href="#__codelineno-40-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-14" name="__codelineno-40-14" href="#__codelineno-40-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-15" name="__codelineno-40-15" href="#__codelineno-40-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-16" name="__codelineno-40-16" href="#__codelineno-40-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-13" name="__codelineno-41-13" href="#__codelineno-41-13"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-14" name="__codelineno-41-14" href="#__codelineno-41-14"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-15" name="__codelineno-41-15" href="#__codelineno-41-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-16" name="__codelineno-41-16" href="#__codelineno-41-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-13" name="__codelineno-42-13" href="#__codelineno-42-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-14" name="__codelineno-42-14" href="#__codelineno-42-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-13" name="__codelineno-43-13" href="#__codelineno-43-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-14" name="__codelineno-43-14" href="#__codelineno-43-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-14" name="__codelineno-44-14" href="#__codelineno-44-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-13" name="__codelineno-45-13" href="#__codelineno-45-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-14" name="__codelineno-45-14" href="#__codelineno-45-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-15" name="__codelineno-45-15" href="#__codelineno-45-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-9" name="__codelineno-46-9" href="#__codelineno-46-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-10" name="__codelineno-46-10" href="#__codelineno-46-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-11" name="__codelineno-46-11" href="#__codelineno-46-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-12" name="__codelineno-46-12" href="#__codelineno-46-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-13" name="__codelineno-46-13" href="#__codelineno-46-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-14" name="__codelineno-46-14" href="#__codelineno-46-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-15" name="__codelineno-46-15" href="#__codelineno-46-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-16" name="__codelineno-46-16" href="#__codelineno-46-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-17" name="__codelineno-46-17" href="#__codelineno-46-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="c1">// 爬楼梯：动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ，返回之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-12" name="__codelineno-47-12" href="#__codelineno-47-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-13" name="__codelineno-47-13" href="#__codelineno-47-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-14" name="__codelineno-47-14" href="#__codelineno-47-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-15" name="__codelineno-47-15" href="#__codelineno-47-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-16" name="__codelineno-47-16" href="#__codelineno-47-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-17" name="__codelineno-47-17" href="#__codelineno-47-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4470,179 +3702,51 @@ dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a>    <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>        <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">b</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">b</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-10" name="__codelineno-49-10" href="#__codelineno-49-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-11" name="__codelineno-49-11" href="#__codelineno-49-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-12" name="__codelineno-49-12" href="#__codelineno-49-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-11" name="__codelineno-50-11" href="#__codelineno-50-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-12" name="__codelineno-50-12" href="#__codelineno-50-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">b</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-12" name="__codelineno-52-12" href="#__codelineno-52-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">a</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">b</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a>        <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-10" name="__codelineno-53-10" href="#__codelineno-53-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">b</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-12" name="__codelineno-53-12" href="#__codelineno-53-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-12" name="__codelineno-54-12" href="#__codelineno-54-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-12" name="__codelineno-55-12" href="#__codelineno-55-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-10" name="__codelineno-56-10" href="#__codelineno-56-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">b</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-11" name="__codelineno-58-11" href="#__codelineno-58-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-12" name="__codelineno-58-12" href="#__codelineno-58-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="c1">// 爬楼梯：空间优化后的动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-11" name="__codelineno-59-11" href="#__codelineno-59-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-12" name="__codelineno-59-12" href="#__codelineno-59-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-13" name="__codelineno-59-13" href="#__codelineno-59-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-14" name="__codelineno-59-14" href="#__codelineno-59-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_dp.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">climbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4716,7 +3820,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/index.html b/chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/index.html
index 29d1d9328..a54e53180 100644
--- a/chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/index.html
+++ b/chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
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+        
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+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3380,195 +3400,43 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;0-1 背包：暴力搜索&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="n">no</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="n">yes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="p">)))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">no</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">yes</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：暴力搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3576,22 +3444,7 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 0-1 背包：暴力搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3607,255 +3460,43 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>    <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;0-1 背包：记忆化搜索&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>    <span class="n">no</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>    <span class="n">yes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>    <span class="c1"># 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>    <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="p">)))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>    <span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">no</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">yes</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="c1">// 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>    <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsack_dfs_mem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3863,27 +3504,7 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 0-1 背包：记忆化搜索</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">anytype</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量，则返回价值 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若已有记录，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则只能不放入背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 记录并返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yes</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDFSMem</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3897,236 +3518,43 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;0-1 背包：动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>                <span class="c1"># 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>                <span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-27" name="__codelineno-31-27" href="#__codelineno-31-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-28" name="__codelineno-31-28" href="#__codelineno-31-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4134,25 +3562,7 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 0-1 背包：动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4242,209 +3652,43 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;0-1 背包：空间优化后的动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>        <span class="c1"># 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-13" name="__codelineno-36-13" href="#__codelineno-36-13"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-14" name="__codelineno-36-14" href="#__codelineno-36-14"></a>                <span class="c1"># 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-15" name="__codelineno-36-15" href="#__codelineno-36-15"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-16" name="__codelineno-36-16" href="#__codelineno-36-16"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-16" name="__codelineno-37-16" href="#__codelineno-37-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-17" name="__codelineno-37-17" href="#__codelineno-37-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-17" name="__codelineno-38-17" href="#__codelineno-38-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-13" name="__codelineno-39-13" href="#__codelineno-39-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-14" name="__codelineno-39-14" href="#__codelineno-39-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-15" name="__codelineno-39-15" href="#__codelineno-39-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-16" name="__codelineno-39-16" href="#__codelineno-39-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-17" name="__codelineno-39-17" href="#__codelineno-39-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-18" name="__codelineno-39-18" href="#__codelineno-39-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-19" name="__codelineno-39-19" href="#__codelineno-39-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-20" name="__codelineno-39-20" href="#__codelineno-39-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-13" name="__codelineno-40-13" href="#__codelineno-40-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-14" name="__codelineno-40-14" href="#__codelineno-40-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-15" name="__codelineno-40-15" href="#__codelineno-40-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-16" name="__codelineno-40-16" href="#__codelineno-40-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-17" name="__codelineno-40-17" href="#__codelineno-40-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a>        <span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a>                <span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-13" name="__codelineno-41-13" href="#__codelineno-41-13"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-14" name="__codelineno-41-14" href="#__codelineno-41-14"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-15" name="__codelineno-41-15" href="#__codelineno-41-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-16" name="__codelineno-41-16" href="#__codelineno-41-16"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-17" name="__codelineno-41-17" href="#__codelineno-41-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-13" name="__codelineno-42-13" href="#__codelineno-42-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-14" name="__codelineno-42-14" href="#__codelineno-42-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-15" name="__codelineno-42-15" href="#__codelineno-42-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-16" name="__codelineno-42-16" href="#__codelineno-42-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-17" name="__codelineno-42-17" href="#__codelineno-42-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-13" name="__codelineno-43-13" href="#__codelineno-43-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-14" name="__codelineno-43-14" href="#__codelineno-43-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-15" name="__codelineno-43-15" href="#__codelineno-43-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-16" name="__codelineno-43-16" href="#__codelineno-43-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-17" name="__codelineno-43-17" href="#__codelineno-43-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-18" name="__codelineno-43-18" href="#__codelineno-43-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-19" name="__codelineno-43-19" href="#__codelineno-43-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-20" name="__codelineno-43-20" href="#__codelineno-43-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-21" name="__codelineno-43-21" href="#__codelineno-43-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-14" name="__codelineno-44-14" href="#__codelineno-44-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-15" name="__codelineno-44-15" href="#__codelineno-44-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-16" name="__codelineno-44-16" href="#__codelineno-44-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-17" name="__codelineno-44-17" href="#__codelineno-44-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 0-1 背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-13" name="__codelineno-45-13" href="#__codelineno-45-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-14" name="__codelineno-45-14" href="#__codelineno-45-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-15" name="__codelineno-45-15" href="#__codelineno-45-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-16" name="__codelineno-45-16" href="#__codelineno-45-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-17" name="__codelineno-45-17" href="#__codelineno-45-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4452,24 +3696,7 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="c1">// 0-1 背包：空间优化后的动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-12" name="__codelineno-47-12" href="#__codelineno-47-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-13" name="__codelineno-47-13" href="#__codelineno-47-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-14" name="__codelineno-47-14" href="#__codelineno-47-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-15" name="__codelineno-47-15" href="#__codelineno-47-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-16" name="__codelineno-47-16" href="#__codelineno-47-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-17" name="__codelineno-47-17" href="#__codelineno-47-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-18" name="__codelineno-47-18" href="#__codelineno-47-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">knapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4541,7 +3768,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
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@@ -3515,236 +3535,43 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;完全背包：动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>                <span class="c1"># 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unbounded_knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">unbounded_knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">unbounded_knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>                <span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unbounded_knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3752,25 +3579,7 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 完全背包：动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3806,224 +3615,43 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;完全背包：空间优化后的动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="c1"># 正序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>                <span class="c1"># 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">unbounded_knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">unbounded_knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>                <span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 完全背包：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4031,25 +3659,7 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 完全背包：空间优化后的动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选物品 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">unboundedKnapsackDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4092,278 +3702,43 @@ dp[i, a] = \min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1)
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;零钱兑换：动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="n">MAX</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MAX</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a>                <span class="c1"># 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">MAX</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-23" name="__codelineno-26-23" href="#__codelineno-26-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-24" name="__codelineno-26-24" href="#__codelineno-26-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">coin_change</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coin_change</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">MAX</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">MAX</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>                <span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">MAX</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-24" name="__codelineno-29-24" href="#__codelineno-29-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-20" name="__codelineno-33-20" href="#__codelineno-33-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-21" name="__codelineno-33-21" href="#__codelineno-33-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-22" name="__codelineno-33-22" href="#__codelineno-33-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-23" name="__codelineno-33-23" href="#__codelineno-33-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-24" name="__codelineno-33-24" href="#__codelineno-33-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4371,34 +3746,7 @@ dp[i, a] = \min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1)
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 零钱兑换：动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：首行首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-20" name="__codelineno-35-20" href="#__codelineno-35-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-21" name="__codelineno-35-21" href="#__codelineno-35-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-22" name="__codelineno-35-22" href="#__codelineno-35-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-23" name="__codelineno-35-23" href="#__codelineno-35-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-24" name="__codelineno-35-24" href="#__codelineno-35-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-25" name="__codelineno-35-25" href="#__codelineno-35-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-26" name="__codelineno-35-26" href="#__codelineno-35-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-27" name="__codelineno-35-27" href="#__codelineno-35-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-28" name="__codelineno-35-28" href="#__codelineno-35-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4460,249 +3808,43 @@ dp[i, a] = \min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1)
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;零钱兑换：空间优化后的动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    <span class="n">MAX</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a>        <span class="c1"># 正序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-13" name="__codelineno-36-13" href="#__codelineno-36-13"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-14" name="__codelineno-36-14" href="#__codelineno-36-14"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-15" name="__codelineno-36-15" href="#__codelineno-36-15"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-16" name="__codelineno-36-16" href="#__codelineno-36-16"></a>                <span class="c1"># 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-17" name="__codelineno-36-17" href="#__codelineno-36-17"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-18" name="__codelineno-36-18" href="#__codelineno-36-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">MAX</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-16" name="__codelineno-37-16" href="#__codelineno-37-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-17" name="__codelineno-37-17" href="#__codelineno-37-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-18" name="__codelineno-37-18" href="#__codelineno-37-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-19" name="__codelineno-37-19" href="#__codelineno-37-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-20" name="__codelineno-37-20" href="#__codelineno-37-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-21" name="__codelineno-37-21" href="#__codelineno-37-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-17" name="__codelineno-38-17" href="#__codelineno-38-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-18" name="__codelineno-38-18" href="#__codelineno-38-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-19" name="__codelineno-38-19" href="#__codelineno-38-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-20" name="__codelineno-38-20" href="#__codelineno-38-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-21" name="__codelineno-38-21" href="#__codelineno-38-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-22" name="__codelineno-38-22" href="#__codelineno-38-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">coin_change</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-13" name="__codelineno-39-13" href="#__codelineno-39-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-14" name="__codelineno-39-14" href="#__codelineno-39-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-15" name="__codelineno-39-15" href="#__codelineno-39-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-16" name="__codelineno-39-16" href="#__codelineno-39-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-17" name="__codelineno-39-17" href="#__codelineno-39-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-18" name="__codelineno-39-18" href="#__codelineno-39-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-19" name="__codelineno-39-19" href="#__codelineno-39-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-20" name="__codelineno-39-20" href="#__codelineno-39-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-21" name="__codelineno-39-21" href="#__codelineno-39-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-22" name="__codelineno-39-22" href="#__codelineno-39-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coin_change</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-13" name="__codelineno-40-13" href="#__codelineno-40-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-14" name="__codelineno-40-14" href="#__codelineno-40-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-15" name="__codelineno-40-15" href="#__codelineno-40-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-16" name="__codelineno-40-16" href="#__codelineno-40-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-17" name="__codelineno-40-17" href="#__codelineno-40-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-18" name="__codelineno-40-18" href="#__codelineno-40-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-19" name="__codelineno-40-19" href="#__codelineno-40-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-20" name="__codelineno-40-20" href="#__codelineno-40-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-21" name="__codelineno-40-21" href="#__codelineno-40-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-22" name="__codelineno-40-22" href="#__codelineno-40-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-23" name="__codelineno-40-23" href="#__codelineno-40-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-24" name="__codelineno-40-24" href="#__codelineno-40-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-25" name="__codelineno-40-25" href="#__codelineno-40-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-26" name="__codelineno-40-26" href="#__codelineno-40-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-27" name="__codelineno-40-27" href="#__codelineno-40-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">MAX</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-13" name="__codelineno-41-13" href="#__codelineno-41-13"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-14" name="__codelineno-41-14" href="#__codelineno-41-14"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-15" name="__codelineno-41-15" href="#__codelineno-41-15"></a>                <span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-16" name="__codelineno-41-16" href="#__codelineno-41-16"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-17" name="__codelineno-41-17" href="#__codelineno-41-17"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-18" name="__codelineno-41-18" href="#__codelineno-41-18"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-19" name="__codelineno-41-19" href="#__codelineno-41-19"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-20" name="__codelineno-41-20" href="#__codelineno-41-20"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">MAX</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-21" name="__codelineno-41-21" href="#__codelineno-41-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-13" name="__codelineno-42-13" href="#__codelineno-42-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-14" name="__codelineno-42-14" href="#__codelineno-42-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-15" name="__codelineno-42-15" href="#__codelineno-42-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-16" name="__codelineno-42-16" href="#__codelineno-42-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-17" name="__codelineno-42-17" href="#__codelineno-42-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-18" name="__codelineno-42-18" href="#__codelineno-42-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-19" name="__codelineno-42-19" href="#__codelineno-42-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-20" name="__codelineno-42-20" href="#__codelineno-42-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-21" name="__codelineno-42-21" href="#__codelineno-42-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-13" name="__codelineno-43-13" href="#__codelineno-43-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-14" name="__codelineno-43-14" href="#__codelineno-43-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-15" name="__codelineno-43-15" href="#__codelineno-43-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-16" name="__codelineno-43-16" href="#__codelineno-43-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-17" name="__codelineno-43-17" href="#__codelineno-43-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-18" name="__codelineno-43-18" href="#__codelineno-43-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-19" name="__codelineno-43-19" href="#__codelineno-43-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-20" name="__codelineno-43-20" href="#__codelineno-43-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-21" name="__codelineno-43-21" href="#__codelineno-43-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-14" name="__codelineno-44-14" href="#__codelineno-44-14"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-15" name="__codelineno-44-15" href="#__codelineno-44-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-16" name="__codelineno-44-16" href="#__codelineno-44-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-17" name="__codelineno-44-17" href="#__codelineno-44-17"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-18" name="__codelineno-44-18" href="#__codelineno-44-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-19" name="__codelineno-44-19" href="#__codelineno-44-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-20" name="__codelineno-44-20" href="#__codelineno-44-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-21" name="__codelineno-44-21" href="#__codelineno-44-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-13" name="__codelineno-45-13" href="#__codelineno-45-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-14" name="__codelineno-45-14" href="#__codelineno-45-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-15" name="__codelineno-45-15" href="#__codelineno-45-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-16" name="__codelineno-45-16" href="#__codelineno-45-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-17" name="__codelineno-45-17" href="#__codelineno-45-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-18" name="__codelineno-45-18" href="#__codelineno-45-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-19" name="__codelineno-45-19" href="#__codelineno-45-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-20" name="__codelineno-45-20" href="#__codelineno-45-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-21" name="__codelineno-45-21" href="#__codelineno-45-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-22" name="__codelineno-45-22" href="#__codelineno-45-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4710,32 +3852,7 @@ dp[i, a] = \min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1)
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="c1">// 零钱兑换：空间优化后的动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-12" name="__codelineno-47-12" href="#__codelineno-47-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-13" name="__codelineno-47-13" href="#__codelineno-47-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-14" name="__codelineno-47-14" href="#__codelineno-47-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-15" name="__codelineno-47-15" href="#__codelineno-47-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-16" name="__codelineno-47-16" href="#__codelineno-47-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-17" name="__codelineno-47-17" href="#__codelineno-47-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-18" name="__codelineno-47-18" href="#__codelineno-47-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-19" name="__codelineno-47-19" href="#__codelineno-47-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-20" name="__codelineno-47-20" href="#__codelineno-47-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-21" name="__codelineno-47-21" href="#__codelineno-47-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-22" name="__codelineno-47-22" href="#__codelineno-47-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-23" name="__codelineno-47-23" href="#__codelineno-47-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-24" name="__codelineno-47-24" href="#__codelineno-47-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-25" name="__codelineno-47-25" href="#__codelineno-47-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-26" name="__codelineno-47-26" href="#__codelineno-47-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4759,265 +3876,43 @@ dp[i, a] = dp[i-1, a] + dp[i, a - coins[i-1]]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="7:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_7_1" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_2" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_3" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_4" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_5" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_6" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_7" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_8" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_9" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_10" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_11" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_12" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_7_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_7_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_7_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_7_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_7_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_7_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_7_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_7_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_7_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_7_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_ii_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;零钱兑换 II：动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-9" name="__codelineno-48-9" href="#__codelineno-48-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-10" name="__codelineno-48-10" href="#__codelineno-48-10"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-11" name="__codelineno-48-11" href="#__codelineno-48-11"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-12" name="__codelineno-48-12" href="#__codelineno-48-12"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-13" name="__codelineno-48-13" href="#__codelineno-48-13"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-14" name="__codelineno-48-14" href="#__codelineno-48-14"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-15" name="__codelineno-48-15" href="#__codelineno-48-15"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-16" name="__codelineno-48-16" href="#__codelineno-48-16"></a>                <span class="c1"># 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-17" name="__codelineno-48-17" href="#__codelineno-48-17"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-18" name="__codelineno-48-18" href="#__codelineno-48-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_ii_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-10" name="__codelineno-49-10" href="#__codelineno-49-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-11" name="__codelineno-49-11" href="#__codelineno-49-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-12" name="__codelineno-49-12" href="#__codelineno-49-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-13" name="__codelineno-49-13" href="#__codelineno-49-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-14" name="__codelineno-49-14" href="#__codelineno-49-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-15" name="__codelineno-49-15" href="#__codelineno-49-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-16" name="__codelineno-49-16" href="#__codelineno-49-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-17" name="__codelineno-49-17" href="#__codelineno-49-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-18" name="__codelineno-49-18" href="#__codelineno-49-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-19" name="__codelineno-49-19" href="#__codelineno-49-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-20" name="__codelineno-49-20" href="#__codelineno-49-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-21" name="__codelineno-49-21" href="#__codelineno-49-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-22" name="__codelineno-49-22" href="#__codelineno-49-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-23" name="__codelineno-49-23" href="#__codelineno-49-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-11" name="__codelineno-50-11" href="#__codelineno-50-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-12" name="__codelineno-50-12" href="#__codelineno-50-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-13" name="__codelineno-50-13" href="#__codelineno-50-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-14" name="__codelineno-50-14" href="#__codelineno-50-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-15" name="__codelineno-50-15" href="#__codelineno-50-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-16" name="__codelineno-50-16" href="#__codelineno-50-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-17" name="__codelineno-50-17" href="#__codelineno-50-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-18" name="__codelineno-50-18" href="#__codelineno-50-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-19" name="__codelineno-50-19" href="#__codelineno-50-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-20" name="__codelineno-50-20" href="#__codelineno-50-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-21" name="__codelineno-50-21" href="#__codelineno-50-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-22" name="__codelineno-50-22" href="#__codelineno-50-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-23" name="__codelineno-50-23" href="#__codelineno-50-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">coin_change_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-13" name="__codelineno-51-13" href="#__codelineno-51-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-14" name="__codelineno-51-14" href="#__codelineno-51-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-15" name="__codelineno-51-15" href="#__codelineno-51-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-16" name="__codelineno-51-16" href="#__codelineno-51-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-17" name="__codelineno-51-17" href="#__codelineno-51-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-18" name="__codelineno-51-18" href="#__codelineno-51-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-19" name="__codelineno-51-19" href="#__codelineno-51-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-20" name="__codelineno-51-20" href="#__codelineno-51-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-21" name="__codelineno-51-21" href="#__codelineno-51-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-22" name="__codelineno-51-22" href="#__codelineno-51-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-23" name="__codelineno-51-23" href="#__codelineno-51-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coin_change_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-12" name="__codelineno-52-12" href="#__codelineno-52-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-13" name="__codelineno-52-13" href="#__codelineno-52-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移：其余行列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-14" name="__codelineno-52-14" href="#__codelineno-52-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-15" name="__codelineno-52-15" href="#__codelineno-52-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-16" name="__codelineno-52-16" href="#__codelineno-52-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-17" name="__codelineno-52-17" href="#__codelineno-52-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-18" name="__codelineno-52-18" href="#__codelineno-52-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-19" name="__codelineno-52-19" href="#__codelineno-52-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-20" name="__codelineno-52-20" href="#__codelineno-52-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-21" name="__codelineno-52-21" href="#__codelineno-52-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-22" name="__codelineno-52-22" href="#__codelineno-52-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-23" name="__codelineno-52-23" href="#__codelineno-52-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-24" name="__codelineno-52-24" href="#__codelineno-52-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-25" name="__codelineno-52-25" href="#__codelineno-52-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-26" name="__codelineno-52-26" href="#__codelineno-52-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>        <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-10" name="__codelineno-53-10" href="#__codelineno-53-10"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-12" name="__codelineno-53-12" href="#__codelineno-53-12"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-13" name="__codelineno-53-13" href="#__codelineno-53-13"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-14" name="__codelineno-53-14" href="#__codelineno-53-14"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-15" name="__codelineno-53-15" href="#__codelineno-53-15"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-16" name="__codelineno-53-16" href="#__codelineno-53-16"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-17" name="__codelineno-53-17" href="#__codelineno-53-17"></a>                <span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-18" name="__codelineno-53-18" href="#__codelineno-53-18"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-19" name="__codelineno-53-19" href="#__codelineno-53-19"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-20" name="__codelineno-53-20" href="#__codelineno-53-20"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-21" name="__codelineno-53-21" href="#__codelineno-53-21"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-22" name="__codelineno-53-22" href="#__codelineno-53-22"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-23" name="__codelineno-53-23" href="#__codelineno-53-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-12" name="__codelineno-54-12" href="#__codelineno-54-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-13" name="__codelineno-54-13" href="#__codelineno-54-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-14" name="__codelineno-54-14" href="#__codelineno-54-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-15" name="__codelineno-54-15" href="#__codelineno-54-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-16" name="__codelineno-54-16" href="#__codelineno-54-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-17" name="__codelineno-54-17" href="#__codelineno-54-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-18" name="__codelineno-54-18" href="#__codelineno-54-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-19" name="__codelineno-54-19" href="#__codelineno-54-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-20" name="__codelineno-54-20" href="#__codelineno-54-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-21" name="__codelineno-54-21" href="#__codelineno-54-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-22" name="__codelineno-54-22" href="#__codelineno-54-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-23" name="__codelineno-54-23" href="#__codelineno-54-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-24" name="__codelineno-54-24" href="#__codelineno-54-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-25" name="__codelineno-54-25" href="#__codelineno-54-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-12" name="__codelineno-55-12" href="#__codelineno-55-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-13" name="__codelineno-55-13" href="#__codelineno-55-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-14" name="__codelineno-55-14" href="#__codelineno-55-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-15" name="__codelineno-55-15" href="#__codelineno-55-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-16" name="__codelineno-55-16" href="#__codelineno-55-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-17" name="__codelineno-55-17" href="#__codelineno-55-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-18" name="__codelineno-55-18" href="#__codelineno-55-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-19" name="__codelineno-55-19" href="#__codelineno-55-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-20" name="__codelineno-55-20" href="#__codelineno-55-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-21" name="__codelineno-55-21" href="#__codelineno-55-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-22" name="__codelineno-55-22" href="#__codelineno-55-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-23" name="__codelineno-55-23" href="#__codelineno-55-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-24" name="__codelineno-55-24" href="#__codelineno-55-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-25" name="__codelineno-55-25" href="#__codelineno-55-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-10" name="__codelineno-56-10" href="#__codelineno-56-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-12" name="__codelineno-56-12" href="#__codelineno-56-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-13" name="__codelineno-56-13" href="#__codelineno-56-13"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-14" name="__codelineno-56-14" href="#__codelineno-56-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-15" name="__codelineno-56-15" href="#__codelineno-56-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-16" name="__codelineno-56-16" href="#__codelineno-56-16"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-17" name="__codelineno-56-17" href="#__codelineno-56-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-18" name="__codelineno-56-18" href="#__codelineno-56-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-19" name="__codelineno-56-19" href="#__codelineno-56-19"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-20" name="__codelineno-56-20" href="#__codelineno-56-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-21" name="__codelineno-56-21" href="#__codelineno-56-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-22" name="__codelineno-56-22" href="#__codelineno-56-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-23" name="__codelineno-56-23" href="#__codelineno-56-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_ii_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-12" name="__codelineno-57-12" href="#__codelineno-57-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-13" name="__codelineno-57-13" href="#__codelineno-57-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-14" name="__codelineno-57-14" href="#__codelineno-57-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-15" name="__codelineno-57-15" href="#__codelineno-57-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-16" name="__codelineno-57-16" href="#__codelineno-57-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-17" name="__codelineno-57-17" href="#__codelineno-57-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-18" name="__codelineno-57-18" href="#__codelineno-57-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-19" name="__codelineno-57-19" href="#__codelineno-57-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-20" name="__codelineno-57-20" href="#__codelineno-57-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-21" name="__codelineno-57-21" href="#__codelineno-57-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-22" name="__codelineno-57-22" href="#__codelineno-57-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-23" name="__codelineno-57-23" href="#__codelineno-57-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_ii_dp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -5025,29 +3920,7 @@ dp[i, a] = dp[i-1, a] + dp[i, a - coins[i-1]]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="c1">// 零钱兑换 II：动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化首列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-11" name="__codelineno-59-11" href="#__codelineno-59-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-12" name="__codelineno-59-12" href="#__codelineno-59-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-13" name="__codelineno-59-13" href="#__codelineno-59-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-14" name="__codelineno-59-14" href="#__codelineno-59-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-15" name="__codelineno-59-15" href="#__codelineno-59-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-16" name="__codelineno-59-16" href="#__codelineno-59-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-17" name="__codelineno-59-17" href="#__codelineno-59-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-18" name="__codelineno-59-18" href="#__codelineno-59-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-19" name="__codelineno-59-19" href="#__codelineno-59-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-20" name="__codelineno-59-20" href="#__codelineno-59-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-21" name="__codelineno-59-21" href="#__codelineno-59-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-22" name="__codelineno-59-22" href="#__codelineno-59-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-23" name="__codelineno-59-23" href="#__codelineno-59-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDP</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5057,231 +3930,43 @@ dp[i, a] = dp[i-1, a] + dp[i, a - coins[i-1]]
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="8:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_8_1" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_2" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_3" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_4" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_5" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_6" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_7" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_8" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_9" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_10" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_11" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_12" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_8_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_8_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_8_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_8_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_8_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_8_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_8_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_8_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_8_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_8_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_8_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_8_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_ii_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;零钱兑换 II：空间优化后的动态规划&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-4" name="__codelineno-60-4" href="#__codelineno-60-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-5" name="__codelineno-60-5" href="#__codelineno-60-5"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-6" name="__codelineno-60-6" href="#__codelineno-60-6"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-7" name="__codelineno-60-7" href="#__codelineno-60-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-8" name="__codelineno-60-8" href="#__codelineno-60-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-9" name="__codelineno-60-9" href="#__codelineno-60-9"></a>        <span class="c1"># 正序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-10" name="__codelineno-60-10" href="#__codelineno-60-10"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-11" name="__codelineno-60-11" href="#__codelineno-60-11"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-12" name="__codelineno-60-12" href="#__codelineno-60-12"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-13" name="__codelineno-60-13" href="#__codelineno-60-13"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-14" name="__codelineno-60-14" href="#__codelineno-60-14"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-15" name="__codelineno-60-15" href="#__codelineno-60-15"></a>                <span class="c1"># 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-16" name="__codelineno-60-16" href="#__codelineno-60-16"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-17" name="__codelineno-60-17" href="#__codelineno-60-17"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_ii_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-4" name="__codelineno-61-4" href="#__codelineno-61-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-5" name="__codelineno-61-5" href="#__codelineno-61-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-6" name="__codelineno-61-6" href="#__codelineno-61-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-7" name="__codelineno-61-7" href="#__codelineno-61-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-8" name="__codelineno-61-8" href="#__codelineno-61-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-9" name="__codelineno-61-9" href="#__codelineno-61-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-10" name="__codelineno-61-10" href="#__codelineno-61-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-11" name="__codelineno-61-11" href="#__codelineno-61-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-12" name="__codelineno-61-12" href="#__codelineno-61-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-13" name="__codelineno-61-13" href="#__codelineno-61-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-14" name="__codelineno-61-14" href="#__codelineno-61-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-15" name="__codelineno-61-15" href="#__codelineno-61-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-16" name="__codelineno-61-16" href="#__codelineno-61-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-17" name="__codelineno-61-17" href="#__codelineno-61-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-18" name="__codelineno-61-18" href="#__codelineno-61-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-19" name="__codelineno-61-19" href="#__codelineno-61-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-20" name="__codelineno-61-20" href="#__codelineno-61-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-5" name="__codelineno-62-5" href="#__codelineno-62-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-6" name="__codelineno-62-6" href="#__codelineno-62-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-7" name="__codelineno-62-7" href="#__codelineno-62-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-8" name="__codelineno-62-8" href="#__codelineno-62-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-9" name="__codelineno-62-9" href="#__codelineno-62-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-10" name="__codelineno-62-10" href="#__codelineno-62-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-11" name="__codelineno-62-11" href="#__codelineno-62-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-12" name="__codelineno-62-12" href="#__codelineno-62-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-13" name="__codelineno-62-13" href="#__codelineno-62-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-14" name="__codelineno-62-14" href="#__codelineno-62-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-15" name="__codelineno-62-15" href="#__codelineno-62-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-16" name="__codelineno-62-16" href="#__codelineno-62-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-17" name="__codelineno-62-17" href="#__codelineno-62-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-18" name="__codelineno-62-18" href="#__codelineno-62-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-19" name="__codelineno-62-19" href="#__codelineno-62-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-20" name="__codelineno-62-20" href="#__codelineno-62-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">coin_change_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-4" name="__codelineno-63-4" href="#__codelineno-63-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-5" name="__codelineno-63-5" href="#__codelineno-63-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-6" name="__codelineno-63-6" href="#__codelineno-63-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-7" name="__codelineno-63-7" href="#__codelineno-63-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-8" name="__codelineno-63-8" href="#__codelineno-63-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-9" name="__codelineno-63-9" href="#__codelineno-63-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-10" name="__codelineno-63-10" href="#__codelineno-63-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-11" name="__codelineno-63-11" href="#__codelineno-63-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-12" name="__codelineno-63-12" href="#__codelineno-63-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-13" name="__codelineno-63-13" href="#__codelineno-63-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-14" name="__codelineno-63-14" href="#__codelineno-63-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-15" name="__codelineno-63-15" href="#__codelineno-63-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-16" name="__codelineno-63-16" href="#__codelineno-63-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-17" name="__codelineno-63-17" href="#__codelineno-63-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-18" name="__codelineno-63-18" href="#__codelineno-63-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-19" name="__codelineno-63-19" href="#__codelineno-63-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-20" name="__codelineno-63-20" href="#__codelineno-63-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coin_change_ii</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-9" name="__codelineno-64-9" href="#__codelineno-64-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-10" name="__codelineno-64-10" href="#__codelineno-64-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-11" name="__codelineno-64-11" href="#__codelineno-64-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-12" name="__codelineno-64-12" href="#__codelineno-64-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-13" name="__codelineno-64-13" href="#__codelineno-64-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-14" name="__codelineno-64-14" href="#__codelineno-64-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-15" name="__codelineno-64-15" href="#__codelineno-64-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-16" name="__codelineno-64-16" href="#__codelineno-64-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-17" name="__codelineno-64-17" href="#__codelineno-64-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-18" name="__codelineno-64-18" href="#__codelineno-64-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-19" name="__codelineno-64-19" href="#__codelineno-64-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-20" name="__codelineno-64-20" href="#__codelineno-64-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-21" name="__codelineno-64-21" href="#__codelineno-64-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-3" name="__codelineno-65-3" href="#__codelineno-65-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-4" name="__codelineno-65-4" href="#__codelineno-65-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-5" name="__codelineno-65-5" href="#__codelineno-65-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-6" name="__codelineno-65-6" href="#__codelineno-65-6"></a>    <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-7" name="__codelineno-65-7" href="#__codelineno-65-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-8" name="__codelineno-65-8" href="#__codelineno-65-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-9" name="__codelineno-65-9" href="#__codelineno-65-9"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-10" name="__codelineno-65-10" href="#__codelineno-65-10"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-11" name="__codelineno-65-11" href="#__codelineno-65-11"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-12" name="__codelineno-65-12" href="#__codelineno-65-12"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-13" name="__codelineno-65-13" href="#__codelineno-65-13"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-14" name="__codelineno-65-14" href="#__codelineno-65-14"></a>                <span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-15" name="__codelineno-65-15" href="#__codelineno-65-15"></a>                <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-16" name="__codelineno-65-16" href="#__codelineno-65-16"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-17" name="__codelineno-65-17" href="#__codelineno-65-17"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-18" name="__codelineno-65-18" href="#__codelineno-65-18"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-19" name="__codelineno-65-19" href="#__codelineno-65-19"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-20" name="__codelineno-65-20" href="#__codelineno-65-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-3" name="__codelineno-66-3" href="#__codelineno-66-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-4" name="__codelineno-66-4" href="#__codelineno-66-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-5" name="__codelineno-66-5" href="#__codelineno-66-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-6" name="__codelineno-66-6" href="#__codelineno-66-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-7" name="__codelineno-66-7" href="#__codelineno-66-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-8" name="__codelineno-66-8" href="#__codelineno-66-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-9" name="__codelineno-66-9" href="#__codelineno-66-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-10" name="__codelineno-66-10" href="#__codelineno-66-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-11" name="__codelineno-66-11" href="#__codelineno-66-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-12" name="__codelineno-66-12" href="#__codelineno-66-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-13" name="__codelineno-66-13" href="#__codelineno-66-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-14" name="__codelineno-66-14" href="#__codelineno-66-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-15" name="__codelineno-66-15" href="#__codelineno-66-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-16" name="__codelineno-66-16" href="#__codelineno-66-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-17" name="__codelineno-66-17" href="#__codelineno-66-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-18" name="__codelineno-66-18" href="#__codelineno-66-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-19" name="__codelineno-66-19" href="#__codelineno-66-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-20" name="__codelineno-66-20" href="#__codelineno-66-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：状态压缩后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-3" name="__codelineno-67-3" href="#__codelineno-67-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-4" name="__codelineno-67-4" href="#__codelineno-67-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-5" name="__codelineno-67-5" href="#__codelineno-67-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-6" name="__codelineno-67-6" href="#__codelineno-67-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-7" name="__codelineno-67-7" href="#__codelineno-67-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-8" name="__codelineno-67-8" href="#__codelineno-67-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-9" name="__codelineno-67-9" href="#__codelineno-67-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-10" name="__codelineno-67-10" href="#__codelineno-67-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-11" name="__codelineno-67-11" href="#__codelineno-67-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-12" name="__codelineno-67-12" href="#__codelineno-67-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-13" name="__codelineno-67-13" href="#__codelineno-67-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-14" name="__codelineno-67-14" href="#__codelineno-67-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-15" name="__codelineno-67-15" href="#__codelineno-67-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-16" name="__codelineno-67-16" href="#__codelineno-67-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-17" name="__codelineno-67-17" href="#__codelineno-67-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-18" name="__codelineno-67-18" href="#__codelineno-67-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-19" name="__codelineno-67-19" href="#__codelineno-67-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-20" name="__codelineno-67-20" href="#__codelineno-67-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-3" name="__codelineno-68-3" href="#__codelineno-68-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-4" name="__codelineno-68-4" href="#__codelineno-68-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-5" name="__codelineno-68-5" href="#__codelineno-68-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-6" name="__codelineno-68-6" href="#__codelineno-68-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-7" name="__codelineno-68-7" href="#__codelineno-68-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-8" name="__codelineno-68-8" href="#__codelineno-68-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-9" name="__codelineno-68-9" href="#__codelineno-68-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-10" name="__codelineno-68-10" href="#__codelineno-68-10"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-11" name="__codelineno-68-11" href="#__codelineno-68-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-12" name="__codelineno-68-12" href="#__codelineno-68-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-13" name="__codelineno-68-13" href="#__codelineno-68-13"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-14" name="__codelineno-68-14" href="#__codelineno-68-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-15" name="__codelineno-68-15" href="#__codelineno-68-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-16" name="__codelineno-68-16" href="#__codelineno-68-16"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-17" name="__codelineno-68-17" href="#__codelineno-68-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-18" name="__codelineno-68-18" href="#__codelineno-68-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-19" name="__codelineno-68-19" href="#__codelineno-68-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-20" name="__codelineno-68-20" href="#__codelineno-68-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换 II：空间优化后的动态规划 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_ii_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-3" name="__codelineno-69-3" href="#__codelineno-69-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-4" name="__codelineno-69-4" href="#__codelineno-69-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-5" name="__codelineno-69-5" href="#__codelineno-69-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-6" name="__codelineno-69-6" href="#__codelineno-69-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-7" name="__codelineno-69-7" href="#__codelineno-69-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-8" name="__codelineno-69-8" href="#__codelineno-69-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-9" name="__codelineno-69-9" href="#__codelineno-69-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-10" name="__codelineno-69-10" href="#__codelineno-69-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-11" name="__codelineno-69-11" href="#__codelineno-69-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-12" name="__codelineno-69-12" href="#__codelineno-69-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-13" name="__codelineno-69-13" href="#__codelineno-69-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-14" name="__codelineno-69-14" href="#__codelineno-69-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-15" name="__codelineno-69-15" href="#__codelineno-69-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-16" name="__codelineno-69-16" href="#__codelineno-69-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-17" name="__codelineno-69-17" href="#__codelineno-69-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-18" name="__codelineno-69-18" href="#__codelineno-69-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-19" name="__codelineno-69-19" href="#__codelineno-69-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-20" name="__codelineno-69-20" href="#__codelineno-69-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_ii_dp_comp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -5289,26 +3974,7 @@ dp[i, a] = dp[i-1, a] + dp[i, a - coins[i-1]]
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="c1">// 零钱兑换 II：空间优化后的动态规划</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-2" name="__codelineno-71-2" href="#__codelineno-71-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-3" name="__codelineno-71-3" href="#__codelineno-71-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-4" name="__codelineno-71-4" href="#__codelineno-71-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 dp 表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-5" name="__codelineno-71-5" href="#__codelineno-71-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-6" name="__codelineno-71-6" href="#__codelineno-71-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-7" name="__codelineno-71-7" href="#__codelineno-71-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 状态转移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-8" name="__codelineno-71-8" href="#__codelineno-71-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-9" name="__codelineno-71-9" href="#__codelineno-71-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-10" name="__codelineno-71-10" href="#__codelineno-71-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-11" name="__codelineno-71-11" href="#__codelineno-71-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若超过背包容量，则不选硬币 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-12" name="__codelineno-71-12" href="#__codelineno-71-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-13" name="__codelineno-71-13" href="#__codelineno-71-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-14" name="__codelineno-71-14" href="#__codelineno-71-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-15" name="__codelineno-71-15" href="#__codelineno-71-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]))];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-16" name="__codelineno-71-16" href="#__codelineno-71-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-17" name="__codelineno-71-17" href="#__codelineno-71-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-18" name="__codelineno-71-18" href="#__codelineno-71-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-19" name="__codelineno-71-19" href="#__codelineno-71-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-20" name="__codelineno-71-20" href="#__codelineno-71-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeIIDPComp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5380,7 +4046,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -5446,31 +4117,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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index 325aaa653..018fbe2bc 100644
--- a/chapter_graph/graph/index.html
+++ b/chapter_graph/graph/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
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+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
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+    </button>
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       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3528,7 +3548,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
+    
+    
+  
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+
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@@ -3594,31 +3619,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
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-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
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+      
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+        
+          
+          <a href="../graph_operations/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 9.2 &amp;nbsp; 图基础操作" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                9.2 &nbsp; 图基础操作
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -3628,14 +3670,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_graph/graph_operations/index.html b/chapter_graph/graph_operations/index.html
index 1b7b97c5c..e82b81f8f 100644
--- a/chapter_graph/graph_operations/index.html
+++ b/chapter_graph/graph_operations/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
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+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3358,1063 +3378,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 顶点列表，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="c1"># 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>        <span class="c1"># 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>        <span class="c1"># 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">e</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取顶点数量&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;添加顶点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-27" name="__codelineno-0-27" href="#__codelineno-0-27"></a>        <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a>        <span class="c1"># 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-29" name="__codelineno-0-29" href="#__codelineno-0-29"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-30" name="__codelineno-0-30" href="#__codelineno-0-30"></a>        <span class="c1"># 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-31" name="__codelineno-0-31" href="#__codelineno-0-31"></a>        <span class="n">new_row</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-32" name="__codelineno-0-32" href="#__codelineno-0-32"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_row</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-33" name="__codelineno-0-33" href="#__codelineno-0-33"></a>        <span class="c1"># 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-34" name="__codelineno-0-34" href="#__codelineno-0-34"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-35" name="__codelineno-0-35" href="#__codelineno-0-35"></a>            <span class="n">row</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-36" name="__codelineno-0-36" href="#__codelineno-0-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-37" name="__codelineno-0-37" href="#__codelineno-0-37"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-38" name="__codelineno-0-38" href="#__codelineno-0-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除顶点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-39" name="__codelineno-0-39" href="#__codelineno-0-39"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-40" name="__codelineno-0-40" href="#__codelineno-0-40"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-41" name="__codelineno-0-41" href="#__codelineno-0-41"></a>        <span class="c1"># 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-42" name="__codelineno-0-42" href="#__codelineno-0-42"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-43" name="__codelineno-0-43" href="#__codelineno-0-43"></a>        <span class="c1"># 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-44" name="__codelineno-0-44" href="#__codelineno-0-44"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-45" name="__codelineno-0-45" href="#__codelineno-0-45"></a>        <span class="c1"># 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-46" name="__codelineno-0-46" href="#__codelineno-0-46"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-47" name="__codelineno-0-47" href="#__codelineno-0-47"></a>            <span class="n">row</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-48" name="__codelineno-0-48" href="#__codelineno-0-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-49" name="__codelineno-0-49" href="#__codelineno-0-49"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">add_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-50" name="__codelineno-0-50" href="#__codelineno-0-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;添加边&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-51" name="__codelineno-0-51" href="#__codelineno-0-51"></a>        <span class="c1"># 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-52" name="__codelineno-0-52" href="#__codelineno-0-52"></a>        <span class="c1"># 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-53" name="__codelineno-0-53" href="#__codelineno-0-53"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-54" name="__codelineno-0-54" href="#__codelineno-0-54"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-55" name="__codelineno-0-55" href="#__codelineno-0-55"></a>        <span class="c1"># 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-56" name="__codelineno-0-56" href="#__codelineno-0-56"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-57" name="__codelineno-0-57" href="#__codelineno-0-57"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-58" name="__codelineno-0-58" href="#__codelineno-0-58"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-59" name="__codelineno-0-59" href="#__codelineno-0-59"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-60" name="__codelineno-0-60" href="#__codelineno-0-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除边&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-61" name="__codelineno-0-61" href="#__codelineno-0-61"></a>        <span class="c1"># 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-62" name="__codelineno-0-62" href="#__codelineno-0-62"></a>        <span class="c1"># 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-63" name="__codelineno-0-63" href="#__codelineno-0-63"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-64" name="__codelineno-0-64" href="#__codelineno-0-64"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-65" name="__codelineno-0-65" href="#__codelineno-0-65"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-66" name="__codelineno-0-66" href="#__codelineno-0-66"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-67" name="__codelineno-0-67" href="#__codelineno-0-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-68" name="__codelineno-0-68" href="#__codelineno-0-68"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-69" name="__codelineno-0-69" href="#__codelineno-0-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;打印邻接矩阵&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-70" name="__codelineno-0-70" href="#__codelineno-0-70"></a>        <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;顶点列表 =&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-71" name="__codelineno-0-71" href="#__codelineno-0-71"></a>        <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;邻接矩阵 =&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-72" name="__codelineno-0-72" href="#__codelineno-0-72"></a>        <span class="n">print_matrix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 顶点列表，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">emplace_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33" href="#__codelineno-1-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-34" name="__codelineno-1-34" href="#__codelineno-1-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-35" name="__codelineno-1-35" href="#__codelineno-1-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-36" name="__codelineno-1-36" href="#__codelineno-1-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-37" name="__codelineno-1-37" href="#__codelineno-1-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-38" name="__codelineno-1-38" href="#__codelineno-1-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-39" name="__codelineno-1-39" href="#__codelineno-1-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-40" name="__codelineno-1-40" href="#__codelineno-1-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-41" name="__codelineno-1-41" href="#__codelineno-1-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;顶点不存在&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-42" name="__codelineno-1-42" href="#__codelineno-1-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-43" name="__codelineno-1-43" href="#__codelineno-1-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-44" name="__codelineno-1-44" href="#__codelineno-1-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">erase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-45" name="__codelineno-1-45" href="#__codelineno-1-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-46" name="__codelineno-1-46" href="#__codelineno-1-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">erase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-47" name="__codelineno-1-47" href="#__codelineno-1-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-48" name="__codelineno-1-48" href="#__codelineno-1-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-49" name="__codelineno-1-49" href="#__codelineno-1-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">erase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-50" name="__codelineno-1-50" href="#__codelineno-1-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-51" name="__codelineno-1-51" href="#__codelineno-1-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-52" name="__codelineno-1-52" href="#__codelineno-1-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-53" name="__codelineno-1-53" href="#__codelineno-1-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-54" name="__codelineno-1-54" href="#__codelineno-1-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-55" name="__codelineno-1-55" href="#__codelineno-1-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-56" name="__codelineno-1-56" href="#__codelineno-1-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-57" name="__codelineno-1-57" href="#__codelineno-1-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-58" name="__codelineno-1-58" href="#__codelineno-1-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;顶点不存在&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-59" name="__codelineno-1-59" href="#__codelineno-1-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-60" name="__codelineno-1-60" href="#__codelineno-1-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-61" name="__codelineno-1-61" href="#__codelineno-1-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-62" name="__codelineno-1-62" href="#__codelineno-1-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-63" name="__codelineno-1-63" href="#__codelineno-1-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-64" name="__codelineno-1-64" href="#__codelineno-1-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-65" name="__codelineno-1-65" href="#__codelineno-1-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-66" name="__codelineno-1-66" href="#__codelineno-1-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-67" name="__codelineno-1-67" href="#__codelineno-1-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-68" name="__codelineno-1-68" href="#__codelineno-1-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-69" name="__codelineno-1-69" href="#__codelineno-1-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-70" name="__codelineno-1-70" href="#__codelineno-1-70"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;顶点不存在&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-71" name="__codelineno-1-71" href="#__codelineno-1-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-72" name="__codelineno-1-72" href="#__codelineno-1-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-73" name="__codelineno-1-73" href="#__codelineno-1-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-74" name="__codelineno-1-74" href="#__codelineno-1-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-75" name="__codelineno-1-75" href="#__codelineno-1-75"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-76" name="__codelineno-1-76" href="#__codelineno-1-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-77" name="__codelineno-1-77" href="#__codelineno-1-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-78" name="__codelineno-1-78" href="#__codelineno-1-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;顶点列表 = &quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-79" name="__codelineno-1-79" href="#__codelineno-1-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printVector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-80" name="__codelineno-1-80" href="#__codelineno-1-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;邻接矩阵 =&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-81" name="__codelineno-1-81" href="#__codelineno-1-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printVectorMatrix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-82" name="__codelineno-1-82" href="#__codelineno-1-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-83" name="__codelineno-1-83" href="#__codelineno-1-83"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 顶点列表，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">e</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newRow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-34" name="__codelineno-2-34" href="#__codelineno-2-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">newRow</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-35" name="__codelineno-2-35" href="#__codelineno-2-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-36" name="__codelineno-2-36" href="#__codelineno-2-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newRow</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-37" name="__codelineno-2-37" href="#__codelineno-2-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-38" name="__codelineno-2-38" href="#__codelineno-2-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-39" name="__codelineno-2-39" href="#__codelineno-2-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-40" name="__codelineno-2-40" href="#__codelineno-2-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-41" name="__codelineno-2-41" href="#__codelineno-2-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-42" name="__codelineno-2-42" href="#__codelineno-2-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-43" name="__codelineno-2-43" href="#__codelineno-2-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-44" name="__codelineno-2-44" href="#__codelineno-2-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-45" name="__codelineno-2-45" href="#__codelineno-2-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-46" name="__codelineno-2-46" href="#__codelineno-2-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-47" name="__codelineno-2-47" href="#__codelineno-2-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-48" name="__codelineno-2-48" href="#__codelineno-2-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-49" name="__codelineno-2-49" href="#__codelineno-2-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-50" name="__codelineno-2-50" href="#__codelineno-2-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-51" name="__codelineno-2-51" href="#__codelineno-2-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-52" name="__codelineno-2-52" href="#__codelineno-2-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-53" name="__codelineno-2-53" href="#__codelineno-2-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-54" name="__codelineno-2-54" href="#__codelineno-2-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-55" name="__codelineno-2-55" href="#__codelineno-2-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-56" name="__codelineno-2-56" href="#__codelineno-2-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-57" name="__codelineno-2-57" href="#__codelineno-2-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-58" name="__codelineno-2-58" href="#__codelineno-2-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-59" name="__codelineno-2-59" href="#__codelineno-2-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-60" name="__codelineno-2-60" href="#__codelineno-2-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-61" name="__codelineno-2-61" href="#__codelineno-2-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-62" name="__codelineno-2-62" href="#__codelineno-2-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-63" name="__codelineno-2-63" href="#__codelineno-2-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-64" name="__codelineno-2-64" href="#__codelineno-2-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-65" name="__codelineno-2-65" href="#__codelineno-2-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-66" name="__codelineno-2-66" href="#__codelineno-2-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-67" name="__codelineno-2-67" href="#__codelineno-2-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-68" name="__codelineno-2-68" href="#__codelineno-2-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-69" name="__codelineno-2-69" href="#__codelineno-2-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-70" name="__codelineno-2-70" href="#__codelineno-2-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-71" name="__codelineno-2-71" href="#__codelineno-2-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-72" name="__codelineno-2-72" href="#__codelineno-2-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-73" name="__codelineno-2-73" href="#__codelineno-2-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-74" name="__codelineno-2-74" href="#__codelineno-2-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-75" name="__codelineno-2-75" href="#__codelineno-2-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-76" name="__codelineno-2-76" href="#__codelineno-2-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-77" name="__codelineno-2-77" href="#__codelineno-2-77"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-78" name="__codelineno-2-78" href="#__codelineno-2-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-79" name="__codelineno-2-79" href="#__codelineno-2-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-80" name="__codelineno-2-80" href="#__codelineno-2-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;顶点列表 = &quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-81" name="__codelineno-2-81" href="#__codelineno-2-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-82" name="__codelineno-2-82" href="#__codelineno-2-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接矩阵 =&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-83" name="__codelineno-2-83" href="#__codelineno-2-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">PrintUtil</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">printMatrix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-84" name="__codelineno-2-84" href="#__codelineno-2-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-85" name="__codelineno-2-85" href="#__codelineno-2-85"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 顶点列表，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-31" name="__codelineno-3-31" href="#__codelineno-3-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-32" name="__codelineno-3-32" href="#__codelineno-3-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newRow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">newRow</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newRow</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-37" name="__codelineno-3-37" href="#__codelineno-3-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-38" name="__codelineno-3-38" href="#__codelineno-3-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-39" name="__codelineno-3-39" href="#__codelineno-3-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-40" name="__codelineno-3-40" href="#__codelineno-3-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-41" name="__codelineno-3-41" href="#__codelineno-3-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-42" name="__codelineno-3-42" href="#__codelineno-3-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-43" name="__codelineno-3-43" href="#__codelineno-3-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-44" name="__codelineno-3-44" href="#__codelineno-3-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-45" name="__codelineno-3-45" href="#__codelineno-3-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-46" name="__codelineno-3-46" href="#__codelineno-3-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-47" name="__codelineno-3-47" href="#__codelineno-3-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-48" name="__codelineno-3-48" href="#__codelineno-3-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-49" name="__codelineno-3-49" href="#__codelineno-3-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-50" name="__codelineno-3-50" href="#__codelineno-3-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-51" name="__codelineno-3-51" href="#__codelineno-3-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-52" name="__codelineno-3-52" href="#__codelineno-3-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-53" name="__codelineno-3-53" href="#__codelineno-3-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-54" name="__codelineno-3-54" href="#__codelineno-3-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-55" name="__codelineno-3-55" href="#__codelineno-3-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-56" name="__codelineno-3-56" href="#__codelineno-3-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-57" name="__codelineno-3-57" href="#__codelineno-3-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-58" name="__codelineno-3-58" href="#__codelineno-3-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-59" name="__codelineno-3-59" href="#__codelineno-3-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-60" name="__codelineno-3-60" href="#__codelineno-3-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-61" name="__codelineno-3-61" href="#__codelineno-3-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-62" name="__codelineno-3-62" href="#__codelineno-3-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-63" name="__codelineno-3-63" href="#__codelineno-3-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-64" name="__codelineno-3-64" href="#__codelineno-3-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-65" name="__codelineno-3-65" href="#__codelineno-3-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-66" name="__codelineno-3-66" href="#__codelineno-3-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-67" name="__codelineno-3-67" href="#__codelineno-3-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-68" name="__codelineno-3-68" href="#__codelineno-3-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-69" name="__codelineno-3-69" href="#__codelineno-3-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-70" name="__codelineno-3-70" href="#__codelineno-3-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-71" name="__codelineno-3-71" href="#__codelineno-3-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-72" name="__codelineno-3-72" href="#__codelineno-3-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-73" name="__codelineno-3-73" href="#__codelineno-3-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-74" name="__codelineno-3-74" href="#__codelineno-3-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-75" name="__codelineno-3-75" href="#__codelineno-3-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-76" name="__codelineno-3-76" href="#__codelineno-3-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-77" name="__codelineno-3-77" href="#__codelineno-3-77"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-78" name="__codelineno-3-78" href="#__codelineno-3-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-79" name="__codelineno-3-79" href="#__codelineno-3-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-80" name="__codelineno-3-80" href="#__codelineno-3-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;顶点列表 = &quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-81" name="__codelineno-3-81" href="#__codelineno-3-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">PrintUtil</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">PrintList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-82" name="__codelineno-3-82" href="#__codelineno-3-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接矩阵 =&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-83" name="__codelineno-3-83" href="#__codelineno-3-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">PrintUtil</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">PrintMatrix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-84" name="__codelineno-3-84" href="#__codelineno-3-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-85" name="__codelineno-3-85" href="#__codelineno-3-85"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点列表，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newGraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化图</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-33" name="__codelineno-4-33" href="#__codelineno-4-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-34" name="__codelineno-4-34" href="#__codelineno-4-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-35" name="__codelineno-4-35" href="#__codelineno-4-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-36" name="__codelineno-4-36" href="#__codelineno-4-36"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-37" name="__codelineno-4-37" href="#__codelineno-4-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-38" name="__codelineno-4-38" href="#__codelineno-4-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-39" name="__codelineno-4-39" href="#__codelineno-4-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-40" name="__codelineno-4-40" href="#__codelineno-4-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-41" name="__codelineno-4-41" href="#__codelineno-4-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">newRow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-42" name="__codelineno-4-42" href="#__codelineno-4-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newRow</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-43" name="__codelineno-4-43" href="#__codelineno-4-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-44" name="__codelineno-4-44" href="#__codelineno-4-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-45" name="__codelineno-4-45" href="#__codelineno-4-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-46" name="__codelineno-4-46" href="#__codelineno-4-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-47" name="__codelineno-4-47" href="#__codelineno-4-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-48" name="__codelineno-4-48" href="#__codelineno-4-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-49" name="__codelineno-4-49" href="#__codelineno-4-49"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-50" name="__codelineno-4-50" href="#__codelineno-4-50"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-51" name="__codelineno-4-51" href="#__codelineno-4-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-52" name="__codelineno-4-52" href="#__codelineno-4-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-53" name="__codelineno-4-53" href="#__codelineno-4-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-54" name="__codelineno-4-54" href="#__codelineno-4-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-55" name="__codelineno-4-55" href="#__codelineno-4-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-56" name="__codelineno-4-56" href="#__codelineno-4-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-57" name="__codelineno-4-57" href="#__codelineno-4-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-58" name="__codelineno-4-58" href="#__codelineno-4-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-59" name="__codelineno-4-59" href="#__codelineno-4-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-60" name="__codelineno-4-60" href="#__codelineno-4-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][:</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-61" name="__codelineno-4-61" href="#__codelineno-4-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-62" name="__codelineno-4-62" href="#__codelineno-4-62"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-63" name="__codelineno-4-63" href="#__codelineno-4-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-64" name="__codelineno-4-64" href="#__codelineno-4-64"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-65" name="__codelineno-4-65" href="#__codelineno-4-65"></a><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-66" name="__codelineno-4-66" href="#__codelineno-4-66"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-67" name="__codelineno-4-67" href="#__codelineno-4-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-68" name="__codelineno-4-68" href="#__codelineno-4-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-69" name="__codelineno-4-69" href="#__codelineno-4-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Errorf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%s&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Index Out Of Bounds Exception&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-70" name="__codelineno-4-70" href="#__codelineno-4-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-71" name="__codelineno-4-71" href="#__codelineno-4-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-72" name="__codelineno-4-72" href="#__codelineno-4-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-73" name="__codelineno-4-73" href="#__codelineno-4-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-74" name="__codelineno-4-74" href="#__codelineno-4-74"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-75" name="__codelineno-4-75" href="#__codelineno-4-75"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-76" name="__codelineno-4-76" href="#__codelineno-4-76"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-77" name="__codelineno-4-77" href="#__codelineno-4-77"></a><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-78" name="__codelineno-4-78" href="#__codelineno-4-78"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-79" name="__codelineno-4-79" href="#__codelineno-4-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-80" name="__codelineno-4-80" href="#__codelineno-4-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-81" name="__codelineno-4-81" href="#__codelineno-4-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Errorf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%s&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Index Out Of Bounds Exception&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-82" name="__codelineno-4-82" href="#__codelineno-4-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-83" name="__codelineno-4-83" href="#__codelineno-4-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-84" name="__codelineno-4-84" href="#__codelineno-4-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-85" name="__codelineno-4-85" href="#__codelineno-4-85"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-86" name="__codelineno-4-86" href="#__codelineno-4-86"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-87" name="__codelineno-4-87" href="#__codelineno-4-87"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-88" name="__codelineno-4-88" href="#__codelineno-4-88"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-89" name="__codelineno-4-89" href="#__codelineno-4-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;\t顶点列表 = %v\n&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-90" name="__codelineno-4-90" href="#__codelineno-4-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;\t邻接矩阵 = \n&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-91" name="__codelineno-4-91" href="#__codelineno-4-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-92" name="__codelineno-4-92" href="#__codelineno-4-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;\t\t\t%v\n&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-93" name="__codelineno-4-93" href="#__codelineno-4-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-94" name="__codelineno-4-94" href="#__codelineno-4-94"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">GraphAdjMat</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">vertices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">// 顶点列表，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">adjMat</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="c1">// 邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="kc">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="n">adjMat</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="c1">// 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">vertices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>            <span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="c1">// 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">e</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">edges</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>            <span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>        <span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>        <span class="c1">// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>        <span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a>        <span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">newRow</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a>        <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newRow</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a>        <span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a>            <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-39" name="__codelineno-5-39" href="#__codelineno-5-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-40" name="__codelineno-5-40" href="#__codelineno-5-40"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-41" name="__codelineno-5-41" href="#__codelineno-5-41"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-42" name="__codelineno-5-42" href="#__codelineno-5-42"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-43" name="__codelineno-5-43" href="#__codelineno-5-43"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-44" name="__codelineno-5-44" href="#__codelineno-5-44"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-45" name="__codelineno-5-45" href="#__codelineno-5-45"></a>        <span class="c1">// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-46" name="__codelineno-5-46" href="#__codelineno-5-46"></a>        <span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">at</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-47" name="__codelineno-5-47" href="#__codelineno-5-47"></a>        <span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-48" name="__codelineno-5-48" href="#__codelineno-5-48"></a>        <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">at</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-49" name="__codelineno-5-49" href="#__codelineno-5-49"></a>        <span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-50" name="__codelineno-5-50" href="#__codelineno-5-50"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-51" name="__codelineno-5-51" href="#__codelineno-5-51"></a>            <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">at</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-52" name="__codelineno-5-52" href="#__codelineno-5-52"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-53" name="__codelineno-5-53" href="#__codelineno-5-53"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-54" name="__codelineno-5-54" href="#__codelineno-5-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-55" name="__codelineno-5-55" href="#__codelineno-5-55"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-56" name="__codelineno-5-56" href="#__codelineno-5-56"></a>    <span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-57" name="__codelineno-5-57" href="#__codelineno-5-57"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-58" name="__codelineno-5-58" href="#__codelineno-5-58"></a>        <span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-59" name="__codelineno-5-59" href="#__codelineno-5-59"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-60" name="__codelineno-5-60" href="#__codelineno-5-60"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-61" name="__codelineno-5-61" href="#__codelineno-5-61"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-62" name="__codelineno-5-62" href="#__codelineno-5-62"></a>        <span class="c1">// 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-63" name="__codelineno-5-63" href="#__codelineno-5-63"></a>        <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-64" name="__codelineno-5-64" href="#__codelineno-5-64"></a>        <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-65" name="__codelineno-5-65" href="#__codelineno-5-65"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-66" name="__codelineno-5-66" href="#__codelineno-5-66"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-67" name="__codelineno-5-67" href="#__codelineno-5-67"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-68" name="__codelineno-5-68" href="#__codelineno-5-68"></a>    <span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-69" name="__codelineno-5-69" href="#__codelineno-5-69"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-70" name="__codelineno-5-70" href="#__codelineno-5-70"></a>        <span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-71" name="__codelineno-5-71" href="#__codelineno-5-71"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-72" name="__codelineno-5-72" href="#__codelineno-5-72"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;越界&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-73" name="__codelineno-5-73" href="#__codelineno-5-73"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-74" name="__codelineno-5-74" href="#__codelineno-5-74"></a>        <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-75" name="__codelineno-5-75" href="#__codelineno-5-75"></a>        <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-76" name="__codelineno-5-76" href="#__codelineno-5-76"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-77" name="__codelineno-5-77" href="#__codelineno-5-77"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-78" name="__codelineno-5-78" href="#__codelineno-5-78"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 打印邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-79" name="__codelineno-5-79" href="#__codelineno-5-79"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-80" name="__codelineno-5-80" href="#__codelineno-5-80"></a>        <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;顶点列表 = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">terminator</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-81" name="__codelineno-5-81" href="#__codelineno-5-81"></a>        <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-82" name="__codelineno-5-82" href="#__codelineno-5-82"></a>        <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接矩阵 =&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-83" name="__codelineno-5-83" href="#__codelineno-5-83"></a>        <span class="n">PrintUtil</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">printMatrix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">matrix</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-84" name="__codelineno-5-84" href="#__codelineno-5-84"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-85" name="__codelineno-5-85" href="#__codelineno-5-85"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 顶点列表，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-31" name="__codelineno-6-31" href="#__codelineno-6-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-32" name="__codelineno-6-32" href="#__codelineno-6-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newRow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-33" name="__codelineno-6-33" href="#__codelineno-6-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-34" name="__codelineno-6-34" href="#__codelineno-6-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">newRow</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-35" name="__codelineno-6-35" href="#__codelineno-6-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-36" name="__codelineno-6-36" href="#__codelineno-6-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">newRow</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-37" name="__codelineno-6-37" href="#__codelineno-6-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-38" name="__codelineno-6-38" href="#__codelineno-6-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-39" name="__codelineno-6-39" href="#__codelineno-6-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-40" name="__codelineno-6-40" href="#__codelineno-6-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-41" name="__codelineno-6-41" href="#__codelineno-6-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-42" name="__codelineno-6-42" href="#__codelineno-6-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-43" name="__codelineno-6-43" href="#__codelineno-6-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-44" name="__codelineno-6-44" href="#__codelineno-6-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-45" name="__codelineno-6-45" href="#__codelineno-6-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-46" name="__codelineno-6-46" href="#__codelineno-6-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Index Out Of Bounds Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-47" name="__codelineno-6-47" href="#__codelineno-6-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-48" name="__codelineno-6-48" href="#__codelineno-6-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-49" name="__codelineno-6-49" href="#__codelineno-6-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-50" name="__codelineno-6-50" href="#__codelineno-6-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-51" name="__codelineno-6-51" href="#__codelineno-6-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-52" name="__codelineno-6-52" href="#__codelineno-6-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-53" name="__codelineno-6-53" href="#__codelineno-6-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-54" name="__codelineno-6-54" href="#__codelineno-6-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-55" name="__codelineno-6-55" href="#__codelineno-6-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-56" name="__codelineno-6-56" href="#__codelineno-6-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-57" name="__codelineno-6-57" href="#__codelineno-6-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-58" name="__codelineno-6-58" href="#__codelineno-6-58"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-59" name="__codelineno-6-59" href="#__codelineno-6-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-60" name="__codelineno-6-60" href="#__codelineno-6-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-61" name="__codelineno-6-61" href="#__codelineno-6-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-62" name="__codelineno-6-62" href="#__codelineno-6-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-63" name="__codelineno-6-63" href="#__codelineno-6-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-64" name="__codelineno-6-64" href="#__codelineno-6-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Index Out Of Bounds Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-65" name="__codelineno-6-65" href="#__codelineno-6-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-66" name="__codelineno-6-66" href="#__codelineno-6-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) === (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-67" name="__codelineno-6-67" href="#__codelineno-6-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-68" name="__codelineno-6-68" href="#__codelineno-6-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-69" name="__codelineno-6-69" href="#__codelineno-6-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-70" name="__codelineno-6-70" href="#__codelineno-6-70"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-71" name="__codelineno-6-71" href="#__codelineno-6-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-72" name="__codelineno-6-72" href="#__codelineno-6-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-73" name="__codelineno-6-73" href="#__codelineno-6-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-74" name="__codelineno-6-74" href="#__codelineno-6-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-75" name="__codelineno-6-75" href="#__codelineno-6-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-76" name="__codelineno-6-76" href="#__codelineno-6-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Index Out Of Bounds Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-77" name="__codelineno-6-77" href="#__codelineno-6-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-78" name="__codelineno-6-78" href="#__codelineno-6-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-79" name="__codelineno-6-79" href="#__codelineno-6-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-80" name="__codelineno-6-80" href="#__codelineno-6-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-81" name="__codelineno-6-81" href="#__codelineno-6-81"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-82" name="__codelineno-6-82" href="#__codelineno-6-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-83" name="__codelineno-6-83" href="#__codelineno-6-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-84" name="__codelineno-6-84" href="#__codelineno-6-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;顶点列表 = &#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-85" name="__codelineno-6-85" href="#__codelineno-6-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;邻接矩阵 =&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-86" name="__codelineno-6-86" href="#__codelineno-6-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-87" name="__codelineno-6-87" href="#__codelineno-6-87"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 顶点列表，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newRow</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">newRow</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-35" name="__codelineno-7-35" href="#__codelineno-7-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-36" name="__codelineno-7-36" href="#__codelineno-7-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">newRow</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-37" name="__codelineno-7-37" href="#__codelineno-7-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-38" name="__codelineno-7-38" href="#__codelineno-7-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-39" name="__codelineno-7-39" href="#__codelineno-7-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-40" name="__codelineno-7-40" href="#__codelineno-7-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-41" name="__codelineno-7-41" href="#__codelineno-7-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-42" name="__codelineno-7-42" href="#__codelineno-7-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-43" name="__codelineno-7-43" href="#__codelineno-7-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-44" name="__codelineno-7-44" href="#__codelineno-7-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-45" name="__codelineno-7-45" href="#__codelineno-7-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-46" name="__codelineno-7-46" href="#__codelineno-7-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Index Out Of Bounds Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-47" name="__codelineno-7-47" href="#__codelineno-7-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-48" name="__codelineno-7-48" href="#__codelineno-7-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-49" name="__codelineno-7-49" href="#__codelineno-7-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-50" name="__codelineno-7-50" href="#__codelineno-7-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-51" name="__codelineno-7-51" href="#__codelineno-7-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-52" name="__codelineno-7-52" href="#__codelineno-7-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-53" name="__codelineno-7-53" href="#__codelineno-7-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-54" name="__codelineno-7-54" href="#__codelineno-7-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-55" name="__codelineno-7-55" href="#__codelineno-7-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-56" name="__codelineno-7-56" href="#__codelineno-7-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-57" name="__codelineno-7-57" href="#__codelineno-7-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-58" name="__codelineno-7-58" href="#__codelineno-7-58"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-59" name="__codelineno-7-59" href="#__codelineno-7-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-60" name="__codelineno-7-60" href="#__codelineno-7-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-61" name="__codelineno-7-61" href="#__codelineno-7-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-62" name="__codelineno-7-62" href="#__codelineno-7-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-63" name="__codelineno-7-63" href="#__codelineno-7-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-64" name="__codelineno-7-64" href="#__codelineno-7-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Index Out Of Bounds Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-65" name="__codelineno-7-65" href="#__codelineno-7-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-66" name="__codelineno-7-66" href="#__codelineno-7-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) === (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-67" name="__codelineno-7-67" href="#__codelineno-7-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-68" name="__codelineno-7-68" href="#__codelineno-7-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-69" name="__codelineno-7-69" href="#__codelineno-7-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-70" name="__codelineno-7-70" href="#__codelineno-7-70"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-71" name="__codelineno-7-71" href="#__codelineno-7-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-72" name="__codelineno-7-72" href="#__codelineno-7-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-73" name="__codelineno-7-73" href="#__codelineno-7-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-74" name="__codelineno-7-74" href="#__codelineno-7-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-75" name="__codelineno-7-75" href="#__codelineno-7-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-76" name="__codelineno-7-76" href="#__codelineno-7-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Index Out Of Bounds Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-77" name="__codelineno-7-77" href="#__codelineno-7-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-78" name="__codelineno-7-78" href="#__codelineno-7-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-79" name="__codelineno-7-79" href="#__codelineno-7-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-80" name="__codelineno-7-80" href="#__codelineno-7-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-81" name="__codelineno-7-81" href="#__codelineno-7-81"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-82" name="__codelineno-7-82" href="#__codelineno-7-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-83" name="__codelineno-7-83" href="#__codelineno-7-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-84" name="__codelineno-7-84" href="#__codelineno-7-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;顶点列表 = &#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">vertices</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-85" name="__codelineno-7-85" href="#__codelineno-7-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;邻接矩阵 =&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjMat</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-86" name="__codelineno-7-86" href="#__codelineno-7-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-87" name="__codelineno-7-87" href="#__codelineno-7-87"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 顶点元素，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">//邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newRow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nl">growable:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newRow</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-36" name="__codelineno-8-36" href="#__codelineno-8-36"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-37" name="__codelineno-8-37" href="#__codelineno-8-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-38" name="__codelineno-8-38" href="#__codelineno-8-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-39" name="__codelineno-8-39" href="#__codelineno-8-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-40" name="__codelineno-8-40" href="#__codelineno-8-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-41" name="__codelineno-8-41" href="#__codelineno-8-41"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-42" name="__codelineno-8-42" href="#__codelineno-8-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-43" name="__codelineno-8-43" href="#__codelineno-8-43"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexError</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-44" name="__codelineno-8-44" href="#__codelineno-8-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-45" name="__codelineno-8-45" href="#__codelineno-8-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-46" name="__codelineno-8-46" href="#__codelineno-8-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-47" name="__codelineno-8-47" href="#__codelineno-8-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-48" name="__codelineno-8-48" href="#__codelineno-8-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-49" name="__codelineno-8-49" href="#__codelineno-8-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-50" name="__codelineno-8-50" href="#__codelineno-8-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-51" name="__codelineno-8-51" href="#__codelineno-8-51"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-52" name="__codelineno-8-52" href="#__codelineno-8-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-53" name="__codelineno-8-53" href="#__codelineno-8-53"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-54" name="__codelineno-8-54" href="#__codelineno-8-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-55" name="__codelineno-8-55" href="#__codelineno-8-55"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-56" name="__codelineno-8-56" href="#__codelineno-8-56"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-57" name="__codelineno-8-57" href="#__codelineno-8-57"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-58" name="__codelineno-8-58" href="#__codelineno-8-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-59" name="__codelineno-8-59" href="#__codelineno-8-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-60" name="__codelineno-8-60" href="#__codelineno-8-60"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexError</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-61" name="__codelineno-8-61" href="#__codelineno-8-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-62" name="__codelineno-8-62" href="#__codelineno-8-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-63" name="__codelineno-8-63" href="#__codelineno-8-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-64" name="__codelineno-8-64" href="#__codelineno-8-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-65" name="__codelineno-8-65" href="#__codelineno-8-65"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-66" name="__codelineno-8-66" href="#__codelineno-8-66"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-67" name="__codelineno-8-67" href="#__codelineno-8-67"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-68" name="__codelineno-8-68" href="#__codelineno-8-68"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-69" name="__codelineno-8-69" href="#__codelineno-8-69"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-70" name="__codelineno-8-70" href="#__codelineno-8-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-71" name="__codelineno-8-71" href="#__codelineno-8-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-72" name="__codelineno-8-72" href="#__codelineno-8-72"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexError</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-73" name="__codelineno-8-73" href="#__codelineno-8-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-74" name="__codelineno-8-74" href="#__codelineno-8-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-75" name="__codelineno-8-75" href="#__codelineno-8-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-76" name="__codelineno-8-76" href="#__codelineno-8-76"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-77" name="__codelineno-8-77" href="#__codelineno-8-77"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-78" name="__codelineno-8-78" href="#__codelineno-8-78"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-79" name="__codelineno-8-79" href="#__codelineno-8-79"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printAdjMat</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-80" name="__codelineno-8-80" href="#__codelineno-8-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;顶点列表 = </span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-81" name="__codelineno-8-81" href="#__codelineno-8-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;邻接矩阵 = &quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-82" name="__codelineno-8-82" href="#__codelineno-8-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printMatrix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-83" name="__codelineno-8-83" href="#__codelineno-8-83"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-84" name="__codelineno-8-84" href="#__codelineno-8-84"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类型 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点列表，元素代表“顶点值”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 邻接矩阵，行列索引对应“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adj_mat</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertices</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vertices</span>: <span class="nc">vec</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">adj_mat</span>: <span class="nc">vec</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 请注意，edges 元素代表顶点索引，即对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">graph</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-31" name="__codelineno-9-31" href="#__codelineno-9-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-32" name="__codelineno-9-32" href="#__codelineno-9-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-33" name="__codelineno-9-33" href="#__codelineno-9-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-34" name="__codelineno-9-34" href="#__codelineno-9-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-35" name="__codelineno-9-35" href="#__codelineno-9-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-37" name="__codelineno-9-37" href="#__codelineno-9-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-39" name="__codelineno-9-39" href="#__codelineno-9-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-40" name="__codelineno-9-40" href="#__codelineno-9-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-41" name="__codelineno-9-41" href="#__codelineno-9-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-42" name="__codelineno-9-42" href="#__codelineno-9-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-43" name="__codelineno-9-43" href="#__codelineno-9-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-44" name="__codelineno-9-44" href="#__codelineno-9-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-45" name="__codelineno-9-45" href="#__codelineno-9-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-46" name="__codelineno-9-46" href="#__codelineno-9-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-47" name="__codelineno-9-47" href="#__codelineno-9-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-48" name="__codelineno-9-48" href="#__codelineno-9-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-49" name="__codelineno-9-49" href="#__codelineno-9-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-50" name="__codelineno-9-50" href="#__codelineno-9-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;index error&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-51" name="__codelineno-9-51" href="#__codelineno-9-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-52" name="__codelineno-9-52" href="#__codelineno-9-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-53" name="__codelineno-9-53" href="#__codelineno-9-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-54" name="__codelineno-9-54" href="#__codelineno-9-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-55" name="__codelineno-9-55" href="#__codelineno-9-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-56" name="__codelineno-9-56" href="#__codelineno-9-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-57" name="__codelineno-9-57" href="#__codelineno-9-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-58" name="__codelineno-9-58" href="#__codelineno-9-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-59" name="__codelineno-9-59" href="#__codelineno-9-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-60" name="__codelineno-9-60" href="#__codelineno-9-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-61" name="__codelineno-9-61" href="#__codelineno-9-61"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-62" name="__codelineno-9-62" href="#__codelineno-9-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-63" name="__codelineno-9-63" href="#__codelineno-9-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">add_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-64" name="__codelineno-9-64" href="#__codelineno-9-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-65" name="__codelineno-9-65" href="#__codelineno-9-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-66" name="__codelineno-9-66" href="#__codelineno-9-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-67" name="__codelineno-9-67" href="#__codelineno-9-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;index error&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-68" name="__codelineno-9-68" href="#__codelineno-9-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-69" name="__codelineno-9-69" href="#__codelineno-9-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在无向图中，邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称，即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-70" name="__codelineno-9-70" href="#__codelineno-9-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-71" name="__codelineno-9-71" href="#__codelineno-9-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-72" name="__codelineno-9-72" href="#__codelineno-9-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-73" name="__codelineno-9-73" href="#__codelineno-9-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-74" name="__codelineno-9-74" href="#__codelineno-9-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-75" name="__codelineno-9-75" href="#__codelineno-9-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-76" name="__codelineno-9-76" href="#__codelineno-9-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-77" name="__codelineno-9-77" href="#__codelineno-9-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-78" name="__codelineno-9-78" href="#__codelineno-9-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 索引越界与相等处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-79" name="__codelineno-9-79" href="#__codelineno-9-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-80" name="__codelineno-9-80" href="#__codelineno-9-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;index error&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-81" name="__codelineno-9-81" href="#__codelineno-9-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-82" name="__codelineno-9-82" href="#__codelineno-9-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-83" name="__codelineno-9-83" href="#__codelineno-9-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-84" name="__codelineno-9-84" href="#__codelineno-9-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-85" name="__codelineno-9-85" href="#__codelineno-9-85"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-86" name="__codelineno-9-86" href="#__codelineno-9-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-87" name="__codelineno-9-87" href="#__codelineno-9-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-88" name="__codelineno-9-88" href="#__codelineno-9-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;顶点列表 = {:?}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-89" name="__codelineno-9-89" href="#__codelineno-9-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接矩阵 =&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-90" name="__codelineno-9-90" href="#__codelineno-9-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;[&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-91" name="__codelineno-9-91" href="#__codelineno-9-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_mat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-92" name="__codelineno-9-92" href="#__codelineno-9-92"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;  {:?},&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-93" name="__codelineno-9-93" href="#__codelineno-9-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-94" name="__codelineno-9-94" href="#__codelineno-9-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;]&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-95" name="__codelineno-9-95" href="#__codelineno-9-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-96" name="__codelineno-9-96" href="#__codelineno-9-96"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类结构 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 顶点列表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 邻接矩阵，元素代表“边”，索引代表“顶点索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 顶点数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 图容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 越界检查</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Out of range in %s:%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__FILE__</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__LINE__</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 越界检查</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Out of range in %s:%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__FILE__</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__LINE__</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 如果实际使用不大于预设空间，则直接初始化新空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-42" name="__codelineno-10-42" href="#__codelineno-10-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-43" name="__codelineno-10-43" href="#__codelineno-10-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化新顶点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-44" name="__codelineno-10-44" href="#__codelineno-10-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-45" name="__codelineno-10-45" href="#__codelineno-10-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 邻接矩新列阵置0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-46" name="__codelineno-10-46" href="#__codelineno-10-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-47" name="__codelineno-10-47" href="#__codelineno-10-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将新增行置 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-48" name="__codelineno-10-48" href="#__codelineno-10-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-49" name="__codelineno-10-49" href="#__codelineno-10-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-50" name="__codelineno-10-50" href="#__codelineno-10-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-51" name="__codelineno-10-51" href="#__codelineno-10-51"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-52" name="__codelineno-10-52" href="#__codelineno-10-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 扩容，申请新的顶点数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-53" name="__codelineno-10-53" href="#__codelineno-10-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-54" name="__codelineno-10-54" href="#__codelineno-10-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-55" name="__codelineno-10-55" href="#__codelineno-10-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-56" name="__codelineno-10-56" href="#__codelineno-10-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-57" name="__codelineno-10-57" href="#__codelineno-10-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放原数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-58" name="__codelineno-10-58" href="#__codelineno-10-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-59" name="__codelineno-10-59" href="#__codelineno-10-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-60" name="__codelineno-10-60" href="#__codelineno-10-60"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-61" name="__codelineno-10-61" href="#__codelineno-10-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 扩容，申请新的二维数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-62" name="__codelineno-10-62" href="#__codelineno-10-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">tempMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-63" name="__codelineno-10-63" href="#__codelineno-10-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tempMatLine</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-64" name="__codelineno-10-64" href="#__codelineno-10-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tempMatLine</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-65" name="__codelineno-10-65" href="#__codelineno-10-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-66" name="__codelineno-10-66" href="#__codelineno-10-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tempMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tempMatLine</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-67" name="__codelineno-10-67" href="#__codelineno-10-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-68" name="__codelineno-10-68" href="#__codelineno-10-68"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-69" name="__codelineno-10-69" href="#__codelineno-10-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-70" name="__codelineno-10-70" href="#__codelineno-10-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">memcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tempMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 原数据复制到新数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-71" name="__codelineno-10-71" href="#__codelineno-10-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-72" name="__codelineno-10-72" href="#__codelineno-10-72"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-73" name="__codelineno-10-73" href="#__codelineno-10-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-74" name="__codelineno-10-74" href="#__codelineno-10-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tempMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将新增列置 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-75" name="__codelineno-10-75" href="#__codelineno-10-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-76" name="__codelineno-10-76" href="#__codelineno-10-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tempMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将新增行置 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-77" name="__codelineno-10-77" href="#__codelineno-10-77"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-78" name="__codelineno-10-78" href="#__codelineno-10-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放原数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-79" name="__codelineno-10-79" href="#__codelineno-10-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-80" name="__codelineno-10-80" href="#__codelineno-10-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-81" name="__codelineno-10-81" href="#__codelineno-10-81"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-82" name="__codelineno-10-82" href="#__codelineno-10-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 扩容后，指向新地址</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-83" name="__codelineno-10-83" href="#__codelineno-10-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tempMat</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 指向新的邻接矩阵地址</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-84" name="__codelineno-10-84" href="#__codelineno-10-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-85" name="__codelineno-10-85" href="#__codelineno-10-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-86" name="__codelineno-10-86" href="#__codelineno-10-86"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-87" name="__codelineno-10-87" href="#__codelineno-10-87"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-88" name="__codelineno-10-88" href="#__codelineno-10-88"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-89" name="__codelineno-10-89" href="#__codelineno-10-89"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-90" name="__codelineno-10-90" href="#__codelineno-10-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 越界检查</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-91" name="__codelineno-10-91" href="#__codelineno-10-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-92" name="__codelineno-10-92" href="#__codelineno-10-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Out of range in %s:%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__FILE__</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__LINE__</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-93" name="__codelineno-10-93" href="#__codelineno-10-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-94" name="__codelineno-10-94" href="#__codelineno-10-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-95" name="__codelineno-10-95" href="#__codelineno-10-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-96" name="__codelineno-10-96" href="#__codelineno-10-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 清除删除的顶点，并将其后所有顶点前移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-97" name="__codelineno-10-97" href="#__codelineno-10-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-98" name="__codelineno-10-98" href="#__codelineno-10-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将被前移的最后一个顶点置 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-99" name="__codelineno-10-99" href="#__codelineno-10-99"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-100" name="__codelineno-10-100" href="#__codelineno-10-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 清除邻接矩阵中删除的列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-101" name="__codelineno-10-101" href="#__codelineno-10-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-102" name="__codelineno-10-102" href="#__codelineno-10-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-103" name="__codelineno-10-103" href="#__codelineno-10-103"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-104" name="__codelineno-10-104" href="#__codelineno-10-104"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 被删除列后的所有列前移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-105" name="__codelineno-10-105" href="#__codelineno-10-105"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-106" name="__codelineno-10-106" href="#__codelineno-10-106"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-107" name="__codelineno-10-107" href="#__codelineno-10-107"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">memcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 被删除行的下方所有行上移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-108" name="__codelineno-10-108" href="#__codelineno-10-108"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-109" name="__codelineno-10-109" href="#__codelineno-10-109"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 被删除列后的所有列前移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-110" name="__codelineno-10-110" href="#__codelineno-10-110"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-111" name="__codelineno-10-111" href="#__codelineno-10-111"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-112" name="__codelineno-10-112" href="#__codelineno-10-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-113" name="__codelineno-10-113" href="#__codelineno-10-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-114" name="__codelineno-10-114" href="#__codelineno-10-114"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-115" name="__codelineno-10-115" href="#__codelineno-10-115"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-116" name="__codelineno-10-116" href="#__codelineno-10-116"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印顶点与邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-117" name="__codelineno-10-117" href="#__codelineno-10-117"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">printGraph</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-118" name="__codelineno-10-118" href="#__codelineno-10-118"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-119" name="__codelineno-10-119" href="#__codelineno-10-119"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;graph is empty</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-120" name="__codelineno-10-120" href="#__codelineno-10-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-121" name="__codelineno-10-121" href="#__codelineno-10-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-122" name="__codelineno-10-122" href="#__codelineno-10-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;顶点列表 = [&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-123" name="__codelineno-10-123" href="#__codelineno-10-123"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-124" name="__codelineno-10-124" href="#__codelineno-10-124"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-125" name="__codelineno-10-125" href="#__codelineno-10-125"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%d, &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-126" name="__codelineno-10-126" href="#__codelineno-10-126"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-127" name="__codelineno-10-127" href="#__codelineno-10-127"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%d&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-128" name="__codelineno-10-128" href="#__codelineno-10-128"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-129" name="__codelineno-10-129" href="#__codelineno-10-129"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-130" name="__codelineno-10-130" href="#__codelineno-10-130"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;]</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-131" name="__codelineno-10-131" href="#__codelineno-10-131"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接矩阵 =</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">[</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-132" name="__codelineno-10-132" href="#__codelineno-10-132"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-133" name="__codelineno-10-133" href="#__codelineno-10-133"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;  [&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-134" name="__codelineno-10-134" href="#__codelineno-10-134"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-135" name="__codelineno-10-135" href="#__codelineno-10-135"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-136" name="__codelineno-10-136" href="#__codelineno-10-136"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%u, &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-137" name="__codelineno-10-137" href="#__codelineno-10-137"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-138" name="__codelineno-10-138" href="#__codelineno-10-138"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%u&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-139" name="__codelineno-10-139" href="#__codelineno-10-139"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-140" name="__codelineno-10-140" href="#__codelineno-10-140"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-141" name="__codelineno-10-141" href="#__codelineno-10-141"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;],</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-142" name="__codelineno-10-142" href="#__codelineno-10-142"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-143" name="__codelineno-10-143" href="#__codelineno-10-143"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;]</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-144" name="__codelineno-10-144" href="#__codelineno-10-144"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-145" name="__codelineno-10-145" href="#__codelineno-10-145"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-146" name="__codelineno-10-146" href="#__codelineno-10-146"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-147" name="__codelineno-10-147" href="#__codelineno-10-147"></a><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newGraphAjdMat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-148" name="__codelineno-10-148" href="#__codelineno-10-148"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 申请内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-149" name="__codelineno-10-149" href="#__codelineno-10-149"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 为图分配内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-150" name="__codelineno-10-150" href="#__codelineno-10-150"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 为顶点列表分配内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-151" name="__codelineno-10-151" href="#__codelineno-10-151"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 为邻接矩阵分配二维内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-152" name="__codelineno-10-152" href="#__codelineno-10-152"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 为邻接矩阵分配一维内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-153" name="__codelineno-10-153" href="#__codelineno-10-153"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 初始化顶点数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-154" name="__codelineno-10-154" href="#__codelineno-10-154"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化图容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-155" name="__codelineno-10-155" href="#__codelineno-10-155"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-156" name="__codelineno-10-156" href="#__codelineno-10-156"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 配置二维数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-157" name="__codelineno-10-157" href="#__codelineno-10-157"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-158" name="__codelineno-10-158" href="#__codelineno-10-158"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将二维指针指向一维数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-159" name="__codelineno-10-159" href="#__codelineno-10-159"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-160" name="__codelineno-10-160" href="#__codelineno-10-160"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-161" name="__codelineno-10-161" href="#__codelineno-10-161"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 赋值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-162" name="__codelineno-10-162" href="#__codelineno-10-162"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertices</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-163" name="__codelineno-10-163" href="#__codelineno-10-163"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-164" name="__codelineno-10-164" href="#__codelineno-10-164"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">memcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjMat</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numberVertices</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将传入的邻接矩阵赋值给结构体内邻接矩阵</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-165" name="__codelineno-10-165" href="#__codelineno-10-165"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-166" name="__codelineno-10-166" href="#__codelineno-10-166"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-167" name="__codelineno-10-167" href="#__codelineno-10-167"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回结构体指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-168" name="__codelineno-10-168" href="#__codelineno-10-168"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-169" name="__codelineno-10-169" href="#__codelineno-10-169"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_matrix.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphAdjMat</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4462,930 +3466,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于邻接表实现的无向图类&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>        <span class="c1"># 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]]()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="c1"># 添加所有顶点和边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">edge</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取顶点数量&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">add_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;添加边&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">vet1</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">vet2</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">vet1</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">ValueError</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>        <span class="c1"># 添加边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除边&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">vet1</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">vet2</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">vet1</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">ValueError</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a>        <span class="c1"># 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-31" name="__codelineno-12-31" href="#__codelineno-12-31"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-32" name="__codelineno-12-32" href="#__codelineno-12-32"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-33" name="__codelineno-12-33" href="#__codelineno-12-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-34" name="__codelineno-12-34" href="#__codelineno-12-34"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-35" name="__codelineno-12-35" href="#__codelineno-12-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;添加顶点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-36" name="__codelineno-12-36" href="#__codelineno-12-36"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">vet</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-37" name="__codelineno-12-37" href="#__codelineno-12-37"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-38" name="__codelineno-12-38" href="#__codelineno-12-38"></a>        <span class="c1"># 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-39" name="__codelineno-12-39" href="#__codelineno-12-39"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-40" name="__codelineno-12-40" href="#__codelineno-12-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-41" name="__codelineno-12-41" href="#__codelineno-12-41"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-42" name="__codelineno-12-42" href="#__codelineno-12-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除顶点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-43" name="__codelineno-12-43" href="#__codelineno-12-43"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">vet</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-44" name="__codelineno-12-44" href="#__codelineno-12-44"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">ValueError</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-45" name="__codelineno-12-45" href="#__codelineno-12-45"></a>        <span class="c1"># 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-46" name="__codelineno-12-46" href="#__codelineno-12-46"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-47" name="__codelineno-12-47" href="#__codelineno-12-47"></a>        <span class="c1"># 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-48" name="__codelineno-12-48" href="#__codelineno-12-48"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">vertex</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-49" name="__codelineno-12-49" href="#__codelineno-12-49"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">vet</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-50" name="__codelineno-12-50" href="#__codelineno-12-50"></a>                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-51" name="__codelineno-12-51" href="#__codelineno-12-51"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-52" name="__codelineno-12-52" href="#__codelineno-12-52"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-53" name="__codelineno-12-53" href="#__codelineno-12-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;打印邻接表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-54" name="__codelineno-12-54" href="#__codelineno-12-54"></a>        <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;邻接表 =&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-55" name="__codelineno-12-55" href="#__codelineno-12-55"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">vertex</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-56" name="__codelineno-12-56" href="#__codelineno-12-56"></a>            <span class="n">tmp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">v</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-57" name="__codelineno-12-57" href="#__codelineno-12-57"></a>            <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">,&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">unordered_map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 在 vector 中删除指定节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">erase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加所有顶点和边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-35" name="__codelineno-13-35" href="#__codelineno-13-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">invalid_argument</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;不存在顶点&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-36" name="__codelineno-13-36" href="#__codelineno-13-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-37" name="__codelineno-13-37" href="#__codelineno-13-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-38" name="__codelineno-13-38" href="#__codelineno-13-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-39" name="__codelineno-13-39" href="#__codelineno-13-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-40" name="__codelineno-13-40" href="#__codelineno-13-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-41" name="__codelineno-13-41" href="#__codelineno-13-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-42" name="__codelineno-13-42" href="#__codelineno-13-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-43" name="__codelineno-13-43" href="#__codelineno-13-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-44" name="__codelineno-13-44" href="#__codelineno-13-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">invalid_argument</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;不存在顶点&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-45" name="__codelineno-13-45" href="#__codelineno-13-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-46" name="__codelineno-13-46" href="#__codelineno-13-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-47" name="__codelineno-13-47" href="#__codelineno-13-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-48" name="__codelineno-13-48" href="#__codelineno-13-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-49" name="__codelineno-13-49" href="#__codelineno-13-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-50" name="__codelineno-13-50" href="#__codelineno-13-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-51" name="__codelineno-13-51" href="#__codelineno-13-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-52" name="__codelineno-13-52" href="#__codelineno-13-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-53" name="__codelineno-13-53" href="#__codelineno-13-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-54" name="__codelineno-13-54" href="#__codelineno-13-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-55" name="__codelineno-13-55" href="#__codelineno-13-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-56" name="__codelineno-13-56" href="#__codelineno-13-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-57" name="__codelineno-13-57" href="#__codelineno-13-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-58" name="__codelineno-13-58" href="#__codelineno-13-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-59" name="__codelineno-13-59" href="#__codelineno-13-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-60" name="__codelineno-13-60" href="#__codelineno-13-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-61" name="__codelineno-13-61" href="#__codelineno-13-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">invalid_argument</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;不存在顶点&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-62" name="__codelineno-13-62" href="#__codelineno-13-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-63" name="__codelineno-13-63" href="#__codelineno-13-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">erase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-64" name="__codelineno-13-64" href="#__codelineno-13-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-65" name="__codelineno-13-65" href="#__codelineno-13-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">adj</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-66" name="__codelineno-13-66" href="#__codelineno-13-66"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adj</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">second</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-67" name="__codelineno-13-67" href="#__codelineno-13-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-68" name="__codelineno-13-68" href="#__codelineno-13-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-69" name="__codelineno-13-69" href="#__codelineno-13-69"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-70" name="__codelineno-13-70" href="#__codelineno-13-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-71" name="__codelineno-13-71" href="#__codelineno-13-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-72" name="__codelineno-13-72" href="#__codelineno-13-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;邻接表 =&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-73" name="__codelineno-13-73" href="#__codelineno-13-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">adj</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-74" name="__codelineno-13-74" href="#__codelineno-13-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adj</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-75" name="__codelineno-13-75" href="#__codelineno-13-75"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adj</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">second</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-76" name="__codelineno-13-76" href="#__codelineno-13-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;: &quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-77" name="__codelineno-13-77" href="#__codelineno-13-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">printVector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vetsToVals</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-78" name="__codelineno-13-78" href="#__codelineno-13-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-79" name="__codelineno-13-79" href="#__codelineno-13-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-80" name="__codelineno-13-80" href="#__codelineno-13-80"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">adjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加所有顶点和边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IllegalArgumentException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-34" name="__codelineno-14-34" href="#__codelineno-14-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IllegalArgumentException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-35" name="__codelineno-14-35" href="#__codelineno-14-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-36" name="__codelineno-14-36" href="#__codelineno-14-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-37" name="__codelineno-14-37" href="#__codelineno-14-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-38" name="__codelineno-14-38" href="#__codelineno-14-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-39" name="__codelineno-14-39" href="#__codelineno-14-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-40" name="__codelineno-14-40" href="#__codelineno-14-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-41" name="__codelineno-14-41" href="#__codelineno-14-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-42" name="__codelineno-14-42" href="#__codelineno-14-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-43" name="__codelineno-14-43" href="#__codelineno-14-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-44" name="__codelineno-14-44" href="#__codelineno-14-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-45" name="__codelineno-14-45" href="#__codelineno-14-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-46" name="__codelineno-14-46" href="#__codelineno-14-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-47" name="__codelineno-14-47" href="#__codelineno-14-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-48" name="__codelineno-14-48" href="#__codelineno-14-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-49" name="__codelineno-14-49" href="#__codelineno-14-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-50" name="__codelineno-14-50" href="#__codelineno-14-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-51" name="__codelineno-14-51" href="#__codelineno-14-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IllegalArgumentException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-52" name="__codelineno-14-52" href="#__codelineno-14-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-53" name="__codelineno-14-53" href="#__codelineno-14-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-54" name="__codelineno-14-54" href="#__codelineno-14-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-55" name="__codelineno-14-55" href="#__codelineno-14-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">values</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-56" name="__codelineno-14-56" href="#__codelineno-14-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-57" name="__codelineno-14-57" href="#__codelineno-14-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-58" name="__codelineno-14-58" href="#__codelineno-14-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-59" name="__codelineno-14-59" href="#__codelineno-14-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-60" name="__codelineno-14-60" href="#__codelineno-14-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-61" name="__codelineno-14-61" href="#__codelineno-14-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-62" name="__codelineno-14-62" href="#__codelineno-14-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接表 =&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-63" name="__codelineno-14-63" href="#__codelineno-14-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">Entry</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">entrySet</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-64" name="__codelineno-14-64" href="#__codelineno-14-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-65" name="__codelineno-14-65" href="#__codelineno-14-65"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">getValue</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-66" name="__codelineno-14-66" href="#__codelineno-14-66"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-67" name="__codelineno-14-67" href="#__codelineno-14-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">getKey</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;: &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;,&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-68" name="__codelineno-14-68" href="#__codelineno-14-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-69" name="__codelineno-14-69" href="#__codelineno-14-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-70" name="__codelineno-14-70" href="#__codelineno-14-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Dictionary</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Dictionary</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加所有顶点和边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ContainsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ContainsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">InvalidOperationException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ContainsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ContainsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-34" name="__codelineno-15-34" href="#__codelineno-15-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">InvalidOperationException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-35" name="__codelineno-15-35" href="#__codelineno-15-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-36" name="__codelineno-15-36" href="#__codelineno-15-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-37" name="__codelineno-15-37" href="#__codelineno-15-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-38" name="__codelineno-15-38" href="#__codelineno-15-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-39" name="__codelineno-15-39" href="#__codelineno-15-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-40" name="__codelineno-15-40" href="#__codelineno-15-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-41" name="__codelineno-15-41" href="#__codelineno-15-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-42" name="__codelineno-15-42" href="#__codelineno-15-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ContainsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-43" name="__codelineno-15-43" href="#__codelineno-15-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-44" name="__codelineno-15-44" href="#__codelineno-15-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-45" name="__codelineno-15-45" href="#__codelineno-15-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-46" name="__codelineno-15-46" href="#__codelineno-15-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-47" name="__codelineno-15-47" href="#__codelineno-15-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-48" name="__codelineno-15-48" href="#__codelineno-15-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-49" name="__codelineno-15-49" href="#__codelineno-15-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-50" name="__codelineno-15-50" href="#__codelineno-15-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ContainsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-51" name="__codelineno-15-51" href="#__codelineno-15-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">InvalidOperationException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-52" name="__codelineno-15-52" href="#__codelineno-15-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-53" name="__codelineno-15-53" href="#__codelineno-15-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-54" name="__codelineno-15-54" href="#__codelineno-15-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-55" name="__codelineno-15-55" href="#__codelineno-15-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Values</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-56" name="__codelineno-15-56" href="#__codelineno-15-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-57" name="__codelineno-15-57" href="#__codelineno-15-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-58" name="__codelineno-15-58" href="#__codelineno-15-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-59" name="__codelineno-15-59" href="#__codelineno-15-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-60" name="__codelineno-15-60" href="#__codelineno-15-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-61" name="__codelineno-15-61" href="#__codelineno-15-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-62" name="__codelineno-15-62" href="#__codelineno-15-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接表 =&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-63" name="__codelineno-15-63" href="#__codelineno-15-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">KeyValuePair</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-64" name="__codelineno-15-64" href="#__codelineno-15-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-65" name="__codelineno-15-65" href="#__codelineno-15-65"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Value</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-66" name="__codelineno-15-66" href="#__codelineno-15-66"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-67" name="__codelineno-15-67" href="#__codelineno-15-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;: [&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;, &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;],&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-68" name="__codelineno-15-68" href="#__codelineno-15-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-69" name="__codelineno-15-69" href="#__codelineno-15-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-70" name="__codelineno-15-70" href="#__codelineno-15-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">][]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newGraphAdjList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">][]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加所有顶点和边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!</span><span class="nx">ok1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!</span><span class="nx">ok2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;error&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加边 vet1 - vet2, 添加匿名 struct{},</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-35" name="__codelineno-16-35" href="#__codelineno-16-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-36" name="__codelineno-16-36" href="#__codelineno-16-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-37" name="__codelineno-16-37" href="#__codelineno-16-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-38" name="__codelineno-16-38" href="#__codelineno-16-38"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-39" name="__codelineno-16-39" href="#__codelineno-16-39"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-40" name="__codelineno-16-40" href="#__codelineno-16-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-41" name="__codelineno-16-41" href="#__codelineno-16-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-42" name="__codelineno-16-42" href="#__codelineno-16-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!</span><span class="nx">ok1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!</span><span class="nx">ok2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-43" name="__codelineno-16-43" href="#__codelineno-16-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;error&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-44" name="__codelineno-16-44" href="#__codelineno-16-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-45" name="__codelineno-16-45" href="#__codelineno-16-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-46" name="__codelineno-16-46" href="#__codelineno-16-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">DeleteSliceElms</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-47" name="__codelineno-16-47" href="#__codelineno-16-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">DeleteSliceElms</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-48" name="__codelineno-16-48" href="#__codelineno-16-48"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-49" name="__codelineno-16-49" href="#__codelineno-16-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-50" name="__codelineno-16-50" href="#__codelineno-16-50"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-51" name="__codelineno-16-51" href="#__codelineno-16-51"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-52" name="__codelineno-16-52" href="#__codelineno-16-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-53" name="__codelineno-16-53" href="#__codelineno-16-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-54" name="__codelineno-16-54" href="#__codelineno-16-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-55" name="__codelineno-16-55" href="#__codelineno-16-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-56" name="__codelineno-16-56" href="#__codelineno-16-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-57" name="__codelineno-16-57" href="#__codelineno-16-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-58" name="__codelineno-16-58" href="#__codelineno-16-58"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-59" name="__codelineno-16-59" href="#__codelineno-16-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-60" name="__codelineno-16-60" href="#__codelineno-16-60"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-61" name="__codelineno-16-61" href="#__codelineno-16-61"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-62" name="__codelineno-16-62" href="#__codelineno-16-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-63" name="__codelineno-16-63" href="#__codelineno-16-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!</span><span class="nx">ok</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-64" name="__codelineno-16-64" href="#__codelineno-16-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;error&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-65" name="__codelineno-16-65" href="#__codelineno-16-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-66" name="__codelineno-16-66" href="#__codelineno-16-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-67" name="__codelineno-16-67" href="#__codelineno-16-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-68" name="__codelineno-16-68" href="#__codelineno-16-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-69" name="__codelineno-16-69" href="#__codelineno-16-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-70" name="__codelineno-16-70" href="#__codelineno-16-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">DeleteSliceElms</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-71" name="__codelineno-16-71" href="#__codelineno-16-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-72" name="__codelineno-16-72" href="#__codelineno-16-72"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-73" name="__codelineno-16-73" href="#__codelineno-16-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-74" name="__codelineno-16-74" href="#__codelineno-16-74"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-75" name="__codelineno-16-75" href="#__codelineno-16-75"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-76" name="__codelineno-16-76" href="#__codelineno-16-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">strings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Builder</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-77" name="__codelineno-16-77" href="#__codelineno-16-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接表 = \n&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-78" name="__codelineno-16-78" href="#__codelineno-16-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-79" name="__codelineno-16-79" href="#__codelineno-16-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">WriteString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;\t\t&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">strconv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Itoa</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;: &quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-80" name="__codelineno-16-80" href="#__codelineno-16-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-81" name="__codelineno-16-81" href="#__codelineno-16-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">WriteString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">strconv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Itoa</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-82" name="__codelineno-16-82" href="#__codelineno-16-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-83" name="__codelineno-16-83" href="#__codelineno-16-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">String</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-84" name="__codelineno-16-84" href="#__codelineno-16-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Reset</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-85" name="__codelineno-16-85" href="#__codelineno-16-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-86" name="__codelineno-16-86" href="#__codelineno-16-86"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">private</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">set</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">adjList</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>        <span class="n">adjList</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[:]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>        <span class="c1">// 添加所有顶点和边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">edge</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">edges</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>            <span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>            <span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>            <span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>        <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>    <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">vet1</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">vet2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;参数错误&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>        <span class="c1">// 添加边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>        <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>        <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a>    <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-34" name="__codelineno-17-34" href="#__codelineno-17-34"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">vet1</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">vet2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-35" name="__codelineno-17-35" href="#__codelineno-17-35"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;参数错误&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-36" name="__codelineno-17-36" href="#__codelineno-17-36"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-37" name="__codelineno-17-37" href="#__codelineno-17-37"></a>        <span class="c1">// 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-38" name="__codelineno-17-38" href="#__codelineno-17-38"></a>        <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="bp">removeAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">where</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">vet2</span> <span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-39" name="__codelineno-17-39" href="#__codelineno-17-39"></a>        <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="bp">removeAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">where</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">vet1</span> <span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-40" name="__codelineno-17-40" href="#__codelineno-17-40"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-41" name="__codelineno-17-41" href="#__codelineno-17-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-42" name="__codelineno-17-42" href="#__codelineno-17-42"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-43" name="__codelineno-17-43" href="#__codelineno-17-43"></a>    <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-44" name="__codelineno-17-44" href="#__codelineno-17-44"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-45" name="__codelineno-17-45" href="#__codelineno-17-45"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-46" name="__codelineno-17-46" href="#__codelineno-17-46"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-47" name="__codelineno-17-47" href="#__codelineno-17-47"></a>        <span class="c1">// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-48" name="__codelineno-17-48" href="#__codelineno-17-48"></a>        <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-49" name="__codelineno-17-49" href="#__codelineno-17-49"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-50" name="__codelineno-17-50" href="#__codelineno-17-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-51" name="__codelineno-17-51" href="#__codelineno-17-51"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-52" name="__codelineno-17-52" href="#__codelineno-17-52"></a>    <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-53" name="__codelineno-17-53" href="#__codelineno-17-53"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-54" name="__codelineno-17-54" href="#__codelineno-17-54"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;参数错误&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-55" name="__codelineno-17-55" href="#__codelineno-17-55"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-56" name="__codelineno-17-56" href="#__codelineno-17-56"></a>        <span class="c1">// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-57" name="__codelineno-17-57" href="#__codelineno-17-57"></a>        <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeValue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">forKey</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-58" name="__codelineno-17-58" href="#__codelineno-17-58"></a>        <span class="c1">// 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-59" name="__codelineno-17-59" href="#__codelineno-17-59"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">keys</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-60" name="__codelineno-17-60" href="#__codelineno-17-60"></a>            <span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="bp">removeAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">where</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">vet</span> <span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-61" name="__codelineno-17-61" href="#__codelineno-17-61"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-62" name="__codelineno-17-62" href="#__codelineno-17-62"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-63" name="__codelineno-17-63" href="#__codelineno-17-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-64" name="__codelineno-17-64" href="#__codelineno-17-64"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 打印邻接表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-65" name="__codelineno-17-65" href="#__codelineno-17-65"></a>    <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-66" name="__codelineno-17-66" href="#__codelineno-17-66"></a>        <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接表 =&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-67" name="__codelineno-17-67" href="#__codelineno-17-67"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">adjList</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-68" name="__codelineno-17-68" href="#__codelineno-17-68"></a>            <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">tmp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-69" name="__codelineno-17-69" href="#__codelineno-17-69"></a>            <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">vertex</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">value</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-70" name="__codelineno-17-70" href="#__codelineno-17-70"></a>                <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-71" name="__codelineno-17-71" href="#__codelineno-17-71"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-72" name="__codelineno-17-72" href="#__codelineno-17-72"></a>            <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">: </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">,&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-73" name="__codelineno-17-73" href="#__codelineno-17-73"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-74" name="__codelineno-17-74" href="#__codelineno-17-74"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-75" name="__codelineno-17-75" href="#__codelineno-17-75"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加所有顶点和边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Illegal Argument Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-34" name="__codelineno-18-34" href="#__codelineno-18-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-35" name="__codelineno-18-35" href="#__codelineno-18-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-36" name="__codelineno-18-36" href="#__codelineno-18-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-37" name="__codelineno-18-37" href="#__codelineno-18-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-38" name="__codelineno-18-38" href="#__codelineno-18-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-39" name="__codelineno-18-39" href="#__codelineno-18-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-40" name="__codelineno-18-40" href="#__codelineno-18-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-41" name="__codelineno-18-41" href="#__codelineno-18-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-42" name="__codelineno-18-42" href="#__codelineno-18-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-43" name="__codelineno-18-43" href="#__codelineno-18-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Illegal Argument Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-44" name="__codelineno-18-44" href="#__codelineno-18-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-45" name="__codelineno-18-45" href="#__codelineno-18-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-46" name="__codelineno-18-46" href="#__codelineno-18-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">indexOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-47" name="__codelineno-18-47" href="#__codelineno-18-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">indexOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-48" name="__codelineno-18-48" href="#__codelineno-18-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-49" name="__codelineno-18-49" href="#__codelineno-18-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-50" name="__codelineno-18-50" href="#__codelineno-18-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-51" name="__codelineno-18-51" href="#__codelineno-18-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-52" name="__codelineno-18-52" href="#__codelineno-18-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-53" name="__codelineno-18-53" href="#__codelineno-18-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-54" name="__codelineno-18-54" href="#__codelineno-18-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-55" name="__codelineno-18-55" href="#__codelineno-18-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-56" name="__codelineno-18-56" href="#__codelineno-18-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-57" name="__codelineno-18-57" href="#__codelineno-18-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-58" name="__codelineno-18-58" href="#__codelineno-18-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-59" name="__codelineno-18-59" href="#__codelineno-18-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-60" name="__codelineno-18-60" href="#__codelineno-18-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Illegal Argument Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-61" name="__codelineno-18-61" href="#__codelineno-18-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-62" name="__codelineno-18-62" href="#__codelineno-18-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-63" name="__codelineno-18-63" href="#__codelineno-18-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="ow">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-64" name="__codelineno-18-64" href="#__codelineno-18-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-65" name="__codelineno-18-65" href="#__codelineno-18-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">values</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-66" name="__codelineno-18-66" href="#__codelineno-18-66"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">indexOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-67" name="__codelineno-18-67" href="#__codelineno-18-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-68" name="__codelineno-18-68" href="#__codelineno-18-68"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-69" name="__codelineno-18-69" href="#__codelineno-18-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-70" name="__codelineno-18-70" href="#__codelineno-18-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-71" name="__codelineno-18-71" href="#__codelineno-18-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-72" name="__codelineno-18-72" href="#__codelineno-18-72"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-73" name="__codelineno-18-73" href="#__codelineno-18-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-74" name="__codelineno-18-74" href="#__codelineno-18-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-75" name="__codelineno-18-75" href="#__codelineno-18-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;邻接表 =&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-76" name="__codelineno-18-76" href="#__codelineno-18-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-77" name="__codelineno-18-77" href="#__codelineno-18-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-78" name="__codelineno-18-78" href="#__codelineno-18-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-79" name="__codelineno-18-79" href="#__codelineno-18-79"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vertex</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-80" name="__codelineno-18-80" href="#__codelineno-18-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-81" name="__codelineno-18-81" href="#__codelineno-18-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;: &#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">join</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-82" name="__codelineno-18-82" href="#__codelineno-18-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-83" name="__codelineno-18-83" href="#__codelineno-18-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-84" name="__codelineno-18-84" href="#__codelineno-18-84"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">[][])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加所有顶点和边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Illegal Argument Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Illegal Argument Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">indexOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">indexOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet1</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-54" name="__codelineno-19-54" href="#__codelineno-19-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-55" name="__codelineno-19-55" href="#__codelineno-19-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-56" name="__codelineno-19-56" href="#__codelineno-19-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-57" name="__codelineno-19-57" href="#__codelineno-19-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-58" name="__codelineno-19-58" href="#__codelineno-19-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-59" name="__codelineno-19-59" href="#__codelineno-19-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-60" name="__codelineno-19-60" href="#__codelineno-19-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Illegal Argument Exception&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-61" name="__codelineno-19-61" href="#__codelineno-19-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-62" name="__codelineno-19-62" href="#__codelineno-19-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-63" name="__codelineno-19-63" href="#__codelineno-19-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="ow">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-64" name="__codelineno-19-64" href="#__codelineno-19-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-65" name="__codelineno-19-65" href="#__codelineno-19-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">values</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-66" name="__codelineno-19-66" href="#__codelineno-19-66"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">indexOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-67" name="__codelineno-19-67" href="#__codelineno-19-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-68" name="__codelineno-19-68" href="#__codelineno-19-68"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-69" name="__codelineno-19-69" href="#__codelineno-19-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-70" name="__codelineno-19-70" href="#__codelineno-19-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-71" name="__codelineno-19-71" href="#__codelineno-19-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-72" name="__codelineno-19-72" href="#__codelineno-19-72"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-73" name="__codelineno-19-73" href="#__codelineno-19-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-74" name="__codelineno-19-74" href="#__codelineno-19-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-75" name="__codelineno-19-75" href="#__codelineno-19-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;邻接表 =&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-76" name="__codelineno-19-76" href="#__codelineno-19-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">entries</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-77" name="__codelineno-19-77" href="#__codelineno-19-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-78" name="__codelineno-19-78" href="#__codelineno-19-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-79" name="__codelineno-19-79" href="#__codelineno-19-79"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vertex</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-80" name="__codelineno-19-80" href="#__codelineno-19-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-81" name="__codelineno-19-81" href="#__codelineno-19-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;: &#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">join</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-82" name="__codelineno-19-82" href="#__codelineno-19-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-83" name="__codelineno-19-83" href="#__codelineno-19-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-84" name="__codelineno-19-84" href="#__codelineno-19-84"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArgumentError</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArgumentError</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-40" name="__codelineno-20-40" href="#__codelineno-20-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-41" name="__codelineno-20-41" href="#__codelineno-20-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-42" name="__codelineno-20-42" href="#__codelineno-20-42"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-43" name="__codelineno-20-43" href="#__codelineno-20-43"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-44" name="__codelineno-20-44" href="#__codelineno-20-44"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-45" name="__codelineno-20-45" href="#__codelineno-20-45"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-46" name="__codelineno-20-46" href="#__codelineno-20-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-47" name="__codelineno-20-47" href="#__codelineno-20-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-48" name="__codelineno-20-48" href="#__codelineno-20-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-49" name="__codelineno-20-49" href="#__codelineno-20-49"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-50" name="__codelineno-20-50" href="#__codelineno-20-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-51" name="__codelineno-20-51" href="#__codelineno-20-51"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-52" name="__codelineno-20-52" href="#__codelineno-20-52"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-53" name="__codelineno-20-53" href="#__codelineno-20-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-54" name="__codelineno-20-54" href="#__codelineno-20-54"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArgumentError</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-55" name="__codelineno-20-55" href="#__codelineno-20-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-56" name="__codelineno-20-56" href="#__codelineno-20-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-57" name="__codelineno-20-57" href="#__codelineno-20-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-58" name="__codelineno-20-58" href="#__codelineno-20-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-59" name="__codelineno-20-59" href="#__codelineno-20-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forEach</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-60" name="__codelineno-20-60" href="#__codelineno-20-60"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-61" name="__codelineno-20-61" href="#__codelineno-20-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-62" name="__codelineno-20-62" href="#__codelineno-20-62"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-63" name="__codelineno-20-63" href="#__codelineno-20-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-64" name="__codelineno-20-64" href="#__codelineno-20-64"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-65" name="__codelineno-20-65" href="#__codelineno-20-65"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printAdjList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-66" name="__codelineno-20-66" href="#__codelineno-20-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;邻接表 =&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-67" name="__codelineno-20-67" href="#__codelineno-20-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forEach</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-68" name="__codelineno-20-68" href="#__codelineno-20-68"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-69" name="__codelineno-20-69" href="#__codelineno-20-69"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-70" name="__codelineno-20-70" href="#__codelineno-20-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-71" name="__codelineno-20-71" href="#__codelineno-20-71"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-72" name="__codelineno-20-72" href="#__codelineno-20-72"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">: </span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="s2">,&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-73" name="__codelineno-20-73" href="#__codelineno-20-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-74" name="__codelineno-20-74" href="#__codelineno-20-74"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-75" name="__codelineno-20-75" href="#__codelineno-20-75"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类型 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 邻接表，key: 顶点，value：该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adj_list</span>: <span class="nc">HashMap</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edges</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">adj_list</span>: <span class="nc">HashMap</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加所有顶点和边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edges</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">edge</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">graph</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取顶点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cp">#[allow(unused)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">add_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span>: <span class="nc">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span>: <span class="nc">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains_key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains_key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value error&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get_mut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get_mut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-39" name="__codelineno-21-39" href="#__codelineno-21-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-40" name="__codelineno-21-40" href="#__codelineno-21-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-41" name="__codelineno-21-41" href="#__codelineno-21-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cp">#[allow(unused)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-42" name="__codelineno-21-42" href="#__codelineno-21-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span>: <span class="nc">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span>: <span class="nc">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-43" name="__codelineno-21-43" href="#__codelineno-21-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains_key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains_key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-44" name="__codelineno-21-44" href="#__codelineno-21-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-45" name="__codelineno-21-45" href="#__codelineno-21-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value error&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-46" name="__codelineno-21-46" href="#__codelineno-21-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-47" name="__codelineno-21-47" href="#__codelineno-21-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-48" name="__codelineno-21-48" href="#__codelineno-21-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-49" name="__codelineno-21-49" href="#__codelineno-21-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get_mut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-50" name="__codelineno-21-50" href="#__codelineno-21-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-51" name="__codelineno-21-51" href="#__codelineno-21-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">retain</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|&amp;</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-52" name="__codelineno-21-52" href="#__codelineno-21-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-53" name="__codelineno-21-53" href="#__codelineno-21-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get_mut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-54" name="__codelineno-21-54" href="#__codelineno-21-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-55" name="__codelineno-21-55" href="#__codelineno-21-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">retain</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|&amp;</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-56" name="__codelineno-21-56" href="#__codelineno-21-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-57" name="__codelineno-21-57" href="#__codelineno-21-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-58" name="__codelineno-21-58" href="#__codelineno-21-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-59" name="__codelineno-21-59" href="#__codelineno-21-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">add_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span>: <span class="nc">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-60" name="__codelineno-21-60" href="#__codelineno-21-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains_key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-61" name="__codelineno-21-61" href="#__codelineno-21-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-62" name="__codelineno-21-62" href="#__codelineno-21-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-63" name="__codelineno-21-63" href="#__codelineno-21-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-64" name="__codelineno-21-64" href="#__codelineno-21-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-65" name="__codelineno-21-65" href="#__codelineno-21-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-66" name="__codelineno-21-66" href="#__codelineno-21-66"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-67" name="__codelineno-21-67" href="#__codelineno-21-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-68" name="__codelineno-21-68" href="#__codelineno-21-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cp">#[allow(unused)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-69" name="__codelineno-21-69" href="#__codelineno-21-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove_vertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span>: <span class="nc">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-70" name="__codelineno-21-70" href="#__codelineno-21-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains_key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-71" name="__codelineno-21-71" href="#__codelineno-21-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value error&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-72" name="__codelineno-21-72" href="#__codelineno-21-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-73" name="__codelineno-21-73" href="#__codelineno-21-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-74" name="__codelineno-21-74" href="#__codelineno-21-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-75" name="__codelineno-21-75" href="#__codelineno-21-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历其他顶点的链表，删除所有包含 vet 的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-76" name="__codelineno-21-76" href="#__codelineno-21-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">values_mut</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-77" name="__codelineno-21-77" href="#__codelineno-21-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">retain</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|&amp;</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-78" name="__codelineno-21-78" href="#__codelineno-21-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-79" name="__codelineno-21-79" href="#__codelineno-21-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-80" name="__codelineno-21-80" href="#__codelineno-21-80"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-81" name="__codelineno-21-81" href="#__codelineno-21-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印邻接表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-82" name="__codelineno-21-82" href="#__codelineno-21-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-83" name="__codelineno-21-83" href="#__codelineno-21-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接表 =&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-84" name="__codelineno-21-84" href="#__codelineno-21-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-85" name="__codelineno-21-85" href="#__codelineno-21-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">collect</span>::<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-86" name="__codelineno-21-86" href="#__codelineno-21-86"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;{}: {:?},&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vertex</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-87" name="__codelineno-21-87" href="#__codelineno-21-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-88" name="__codelineno-21-88" href="#__codelineno-21-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-89" name="__codelineno-21-89" href="#__codelineno-21-89"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于邻接链表实现的无向图类结构 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 邻接表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 顶点数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 顶点容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 越界检查</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Out of range in %s:%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__FILE__</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__LINE__</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 查找欲添加边的顶点 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 连接顶点 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除边 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 越界检查</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Out of range in %s:%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__FILE__</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__LINE__</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 查找欲删除边的顶点 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-37" name="__codelineno-22-37" href="#__codelineno-22-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-38" name="__codelineno-22-38" href="#__codelineno-22-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 移除待删除边 vet1 - vet2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-39" name="__codelineno-22-39" href="#__codelineno-22-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">removeLink</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-40" name="__codelineno-22-40" href="#__codelineno-22-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">removeLink</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet2</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-41" name="__codelineno-22-41" href="#__codelineno-22-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-42" name="__codelineno-22-42" href="#__codelineno-22-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-43" name="__codelineno-22-43" href="#__codelineno-22-43"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-44" name="__codelineno-22-44" href="#__codelineno-22-44"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-45" name="__codelineno-22-45" href="#__codelineno-22-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若大小超过容量，则扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-46" name="__codelineno-22-46" href="#__codelineno-22-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-47" name="__codelineno-22-47" href="#__codelineno-22-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">tempList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-48" name="__codelineno-22-48" href="#__codelineno-22-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">memcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tempList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-49" name="__codelineno-22-49" href="#__codelineno-22-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 释放原邻接表内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-50" name="__codelineno-22-50" href="#__codelineno-22-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tempList</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 指向新邻接表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-51" name="__codelineno-22-51" href="#__codelineno-22-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 容量扩大至2倍</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-52" name="__codelineno-22-52" href="#__codelineno-22-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-53" name="__codelineno-22-53" href="#__codelineno-22-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 申请新顶点内存并将新顶点地址存入顶点列表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-54" name="__codelineno-22-54" href="#__codelineno-22-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">newV</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建立新顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-55" name="__codelineno-22-55" href="#__codelineno-22-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newV</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">pos</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 为新顶点标记下标</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-56" name="__codelineno-22-56" href="#__codelineno-22-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newV</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newLinklist</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newV</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 为新顶点建立链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-57" name="__codelineno-22-57" href="#__codelineno-22-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newV</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将新顶点加入邻接表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-58" name="__codelineno-22-58" href="#__codelineno-22-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-59" name="__codelineno-22-59" href="#__codelineno-22-59"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-60" name="__codelineno-22-60" href="#__codelineno-22-60"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-61" name="__codelineno-22-61" href="#__codelineno-22-61"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除顶点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-62" name="__codelineno-22-62" href="#__codelineno-22-62"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-63" name="__codelineno-22-63" href="#__codelineno-22-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 越界检查</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-64" name="__codelineno-22-64" href="#__codelineno-22-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-65" name="__codelineno-22-65" href="#__codelineno-22-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Out of range in %s:%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__FILE__</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__LINE__</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-66" name="__codelineno-22-66" href="#__codelineno-22-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-67" name="__codelineno-22-67" href="#__codelineno-22-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-68" name="__codelineno-22-68" href="#__codelineno-22-68"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-69" name="__codelineno-22-69" href="#__codelineno-22-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 查找待删节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-70" name="__codelineno-22-70" href="#__codelineno-22-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">                       </span><span class="c1">// 若不存在该节点，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-71" name="__codelineno-22-71" href="#__codelineno-22-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;index is:%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-72" name="__codelineno-22-72" href="#__codelineno-22-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Out of range in %s:%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__FILE__</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__LINE__</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-73" name="__codelineno-22-73" href="#__codelineno-22-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-74" name="__codelineno-22-74" href="#__codelineno-22-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-75" name="__codelineno-22-75" href="#__codelineno-22-75"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-76" name="__codelineno-22-76" href="#__codelineno-22-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历待删除顶点的链表，将所有与待删除结点有关的边删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-77" name="__codelineno-22-77" href="#__codelineno-22-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-78" name="__codelineno-22-78" href="#__codelineno-22-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-79" name="__codelineno-22-79" href="#__codelineno-22-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">removeLink</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除与该顶点有关的边</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-80" name="__codelineno-22-80" href="#__codelineno-22-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-81" name="__codelineno-22-81" href="#__codelineno-22-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-82" name="__codelineno-22-82" href="#__codelineno-22-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-83" name="__codelineno-22-83" href="#__codelineno-22-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将顶点前移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-84" name="__codelineno-22-84" href="#__codelineno-22-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-85" name="__codelineno-22-85" href="#__codelineno-22-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 顶点前移</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-86" name="__codelineno-22-86" href="#__codelineno-22-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">pos</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                   </span><span class="c1">// 所有前移的顶点索引值减1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-87" name="__codelineno-22-87" href="#__codelineno-22-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-88" name="__codelineno-22-88" href="#__codelineno-22-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将被删除顶点的位置置 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-89" name="__codelineno-22-89" href="#__codelineno-22-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-90" name="__codelineno-22-90" href="#__codelineno-22-90"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-91" name="__codelineno-22-91" href="#__codelineno-22-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-92" name="__codelineno-22-92" href="#__codelineno-22-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">freeVertex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-93" name="__codelineno-22-93" href="#__codelineno-22-93"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-94" name="__codelineno-22-94" href="#__codelineno-22-94"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-95" name="__codelineno-22-95" href="#__codelineno-22-95"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印顶点与邻接矩阵 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-96" name="__codelineno-22-96" href="#__codelineno-22-96"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">printGraph</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-97" name="__codelineno-22-97" href="#__codelineno-22-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;邻接表  =</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-98" name="__codelineno-22-98" href="#__codelineno-22-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-99" name="__codelineno-22-99" href="#__codelineno-22-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-100" name="__codelineno-22-100" href="#__codelineno-22-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%d: [&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-101" name="__codelineno-22-101" href="#__codelineno-22-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-102" name="__codelineno-22-102" href="#__codelineno-22-102"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-103" name="__codelineno-22-103" href="#__codelineno-22-103"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%d, &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-104" name="__codelineno-22-104" href="#__codelineno-22-104"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-105" name="__codelineno-22-105" href="#__codelineno-22-105"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%d&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-106" name="__codelineno-22-106" href="#__codelineno-22-106"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-107" name="__codelineno-22-107" href="#__codelineno-22-107"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-108" name="__codelineno-22-108" href="#__codelineno-22-108"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-109" name="__codelineno-22-109" href="#__codelineno-22-109"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;]</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-110" name="__codelineno-22-110" href="#__codelineno-22-110"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-111" name="__codelineno-22-111" href="#__codelineno-22-111"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-112" name="__codelineno-22-112" href="#__codelineno-22-112"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-113" name="__codelineno-22-113" href="#__codelineno-22-113"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-114" name="__codelineno-22-114" href="#__codelineno-22-114"></a><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newGraphAdjList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">verticesCapacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-115" name="__codelineno-22-115" href="#__codelineno-22-115"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 申请内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-116" name="__codelineno-22-116" href="#__codelineno-22-116"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-117" name="__codelineno-22-117" href="#__codelineno-22-117"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建立顶点表并分配内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-118" name="__codelineno-22-118" href="#__codelineno-22-118"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">verticesCapacity</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 为顶点列表分配内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-119" name="__codelineno-22-119" href="#__codelineno-22-119"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">verticesList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">verticesCapacity</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 顶点列表置 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-120" name="__codelineno-22-120" href="#__codelineno-22-120"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                                                              </span><span class="c1">// 初始化顶点数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-121" name="__codelineno-22-121" href="#__codelineno-22-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">verticesCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                                           </span><span class="c1">// 初始化顶点容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-122" name="__codelineno-22-122" href="#__codelineno-22-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回图指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-123" name="__codelineno-22-123" href="#__codelineno-22-123"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newGraph</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-124" name="__codelineno-22-124" href="#__codelineno-22-124"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_adjacency_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -5516,7 +3637,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -5582,31 +3708,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../graph/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 9.1 &amp;nbsp; 图" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                9.1 &nbsp; 图
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../graph_traversal/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 9.3 &amp;nbsp; 图的遍历" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                9.3 &nbsp; 图的遍历
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -5616,14 +3759,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_graph/graph_traversal/index.html b/chapter_graph/graph_traversal/index.html
index 0e32fe9e1..4510fd0d2 100644
--- a/chapter_graph/graph_traversal/index.html
+++ b/chapter_graph/graph_traversal/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3408,337 +3428,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">graph_bfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start_vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;广度优先遍历 BFS&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="n">visited</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]([</span><span class="n">start_vet</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="n">que</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]([</span><span class="n">start_vet</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="n">vet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">que</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">popleft</span><span class="p">()</span>  <span class="c1"># 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>        <span class="c1"># 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">adj_vet</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">graph</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">adj_vet</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>                <span class="k">continue</span>  <span class="c1"># 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>            <span class="n">que</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adj_vet</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>            <span class="n">visited</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adj_vet</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graph_bfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graphBFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">unordered_set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">emplace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphBFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">graphBFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">poll</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">graph_bfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">graphBFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graphBFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Dequeue</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">               </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">graph_bfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphBFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graphBFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="p">{})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="p">{}{}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS, 使用切片模拟队列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isExist</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!</span><span class="nx">isExist</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="p">{}{}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">graphBFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">graphBFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">visited</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Set</span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">que</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">vet</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1">// 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">adjVet</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">??</span> <span class="p">[]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>                <span class="k">continue</span> <span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>            <span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>            <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphBFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graphBFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Set</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">??</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">graphBFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graphBFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Set</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">??</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 只入队未访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">graphBFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graphBFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isNotEmpty</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphBFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">graph_bfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span>: <span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start_vet</span>: <span class="nc">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">start_vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">VecDeque</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">start_vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_front</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首顶点出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adj_vets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">adj_vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adj_vets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">adj_vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adj_vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adj_vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graph_bfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 广度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="nf">graphBFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列用于实现 BFS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">resIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queuePush</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 将第一个元素入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashMark</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">pos</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记第一个入队的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以顶点 vet 为起点，循环直至访问完所有顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">tail</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的边链表，将所有与该顶点有连接的，并且未被标记的顶点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queueTop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 查询哈希表，若该索引的顶点已入队，则跳过，否则入队并标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">pos</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queuePush</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 只入队未访问的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">hashMark</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">pos</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首元素存入数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">resIndex</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queueTop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首顶点加入顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">resIndex</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queuePop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首元素出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">freeQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">freeHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">resIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_bfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphBFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3804,319 +3534,69 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="n">visited</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">adjVet</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">graph</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">adjVet</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>            <span class="k">continue</span>  <span class="c1"># 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>        <span class="c1"># 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">graph_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start_vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;深度优先遍历 DFS&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>    <span class="c1"># 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>    <span class="c1"># 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>    <span class="n">visited</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>    <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">start_vet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graph_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unordered_set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">emplace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graphDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">unordered_set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">graphDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">graph_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">graph_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">graphDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点                             </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graphDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">graph_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">graph_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="p">{},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// append 操作会返回新的的引用，必须让原引用重新赋值为新slice的引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="p">{}{}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isExist</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">!</span><span class="nx">isExist</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graphDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">graphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="p">{})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">g</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">graphDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="n">Set</span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">&gt;,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">adjVet</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">??</span> <span class="p">[]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>            <span class="k">continue</span> <span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>        <span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>        <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">graphDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>    <span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">visited</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Set</span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="p">&gt;</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>    <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graphDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Set</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">graphDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">adjList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">vet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">has</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">graphDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Vertex</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nx">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Set</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">graphDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adjList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adjVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graphDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GraphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Set</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span>: <span class="nc">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录访问顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记该顶点已被访问</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">                         </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">adj_vets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">adj_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">adj_vet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adj_vets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">adj_vet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adj_vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">graph_dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span>: <span class="nc">GraphAdjList</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start_vet</span>: <span class="nc">Vertex</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashSet</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">start_vet</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graph_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">resIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">pos</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 跳过已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashMark</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">pos</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 标记顶点并将顶点存入数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">resIndex</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 将顶点存入数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">resIndex</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历该顶点链表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vet</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">linked</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归访问邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="c1">// 使用邻接表来表示图，以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="nf">graphDFS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphAdjList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 顶点遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Vertex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表，用于记录已被访问过的顶点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">startVet</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放哈希表内存并将数组索引归零</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">freeHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">visited</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">resIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">graph_dfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">graphDFS</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4247,7 +3727,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -4313,31 +3798,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../graph_operations/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 9.2 &amp;nbsp; 图基础操作" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                9.2 &nbsp; 图基础操作
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 9.4 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                9.4 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -4347,14 +3849,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/index.html b/chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/index.html
index a666b6564..5b0ac9aa7 100644
--- a/chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/index.html
+++ b/chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
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@@ -3355,405 +3375,69 @@
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Item</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;物品&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">w</span>  <span class="c1"># 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">v</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">v</span>  <span class="c1"># 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fractional_knapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;分数背包：贪心&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="n">items</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">zip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="n">items</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">v</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">reverse</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">item</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">items</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>            <span class="c1"># 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>            <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">v</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>            <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">w</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>            <span class="c1"># 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>            <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">v</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">cap</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>            <span class="c1"># 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fractional_knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[](</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33" href="#__codelineno-1-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-34" name="__codelineno-1-34" href="#__codelineno-1-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-35" name="__codelineno-1-35" href="#__codelineno-1-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Comparator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">comparingDouble</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">w</span><span class="p">)));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-34" name="__codelineno-2-34" href="#__codelineno-2-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-35" name="__codelineno-2-35" href="#__codelineno-2-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-36" name="__codelineno-2-36" href="#__codelineno-2-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">fractional_knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">CompareTo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-31" name="__codelineno-3-31" href="#__codelineno-3-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-32" name="__codelineno-3-32" href="#__codelineno-3-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">fractional_knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Slice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-33" name="__codelineno-4-33" href="#__codelineno-4-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">Item</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">w</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">v</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>        <span class="kc">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">w</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="kc">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">v</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Double</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">items</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">zip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="bp">map</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nv">$1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mf">0.0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">cap</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cap</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">item</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">items</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>            <span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>            <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>            <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>            <span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>            <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>            <span class="c1">// 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Item</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">w</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">compareTo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">w</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">v</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">fractional_knapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">f64</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">zip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Item</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">collect</span>::<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">partial_cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-31" name="__codelineno-9-31" href="#__codelineno-9-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-32" name="__codelineno-9-32" href="#__codelineno-9-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-33" name="__codelineno-9-33" href="#__codelineno-9-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-34" name="__codelineno-9-34" href="#__codelineno-9-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-35" name="__codelineno-9-35" href="#__codelineno-9-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-37" name="__codelineno-9-37" href="#__codelineno-9-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 已无剩余容量，因此跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-39" name="__codelineno-9-39" href="#__codelineno-9-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-40" name="__codelineno-9-40" href="#__codelineno-9-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-41" name="__codelineno-9-41" href="#__codelineno-9-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-42" name="__codelineno-9-42" href="#__codelineno-9-42"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fractional_knapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 物品 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品重量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 物品价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 分数背包：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">itemCount</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 创建物品列表，包含两个属性：重量、价值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">itemCount</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">itemCount</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">){.</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">qsort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">size_t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">itemCount</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sortByValueDensity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">itemCount</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量充足，则将当前物品整个装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若剩余容量不足，则将当前物品的一部分装进背包</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">fractional_knapsack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Item</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">fractionalKnapsack</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3840,7 +3524,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+                下一页
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
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@@ -3357,239 +3377,47 @@
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_greedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;零钱兑换：贪心&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 假设 coins 列表有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="c1"># 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="c1"># 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_greedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 假设 coins 列表有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 假设 coins 列表有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">coin_change_greedy</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 假设 coins 列表有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">coin_change_greedy</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 假设 coins 列表有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 假设 coins 列表有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">count</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">amt</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">amt</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">amt</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="bp">count</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 假设 coins 数组有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 假设 coins 数组有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 假设 coins 列表有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">coin_change_greedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 假设 coins 列表有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coin_change_greedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 假设 coins 列表有序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 选择 coins[i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_greedy.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">coinChangeGreedy</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3721,7 +3549,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3787,31 +3620,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
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+      
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diff --git a/chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/index.html b/chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/index.html
index c1582a0f9..e5d974679 100644
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+++ b/chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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@@ -3400,257 +3420,47 @@ cap[i, j] = \min(ht[i], ht[j]) \times (j - i)
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">max_capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;最大容量：贪心&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="c1"># 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="n">cap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">max_capacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">max_capacity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">max_capacity</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">cap</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">max_capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">max_capacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大容量：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">htLength</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">htLength</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始最大容量为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环贪心选择，直至两板相遇</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 更新最大容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MIN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 向内移动短板</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ht</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_capacity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxCapacity</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3737,7 +3547,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3803,31 +3618,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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+          <a href="../max_product_cutting_problem/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 15.4 &amp;nbsp; 最大切分乘积问题" rel="next">
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
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@@ -3837,14 +3669,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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--- a/chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/index.html
+++ b/chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
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@@ -3376,251 +3396,47 @@ n = 3 a + b
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">max_product_cutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;最大切分乘积：贪心&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">math</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">math</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">math</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">max_product_cutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">max_product_cutting</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">max_product_cutting</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">a</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">b</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">toInt</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">toInt</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">toInt</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">max_product_cutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="mi">3_</span><span class="k">i32</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="mi">3_</span><span class="k">i32</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="mi">3_</span><span class="k">i32</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u32</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">max_product_cutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 最大切分乘积：贪心 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 n &lt;= 3 时，必须切分出一个 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 贪心地切分出 3 ，a 为 3 的个数，b 为余数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 1 时，将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 2 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当余数为 0 时，不做处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">max_product_cutting.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxProductCutting</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3712,7 +3528,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3778,31 +3599,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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+        
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+          <a href="../summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 15.5 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="next">
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@@ -3323,7 +3343,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3389,31 +3414,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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@@ -3378,483 +3398,113 @@
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">add_hash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;加法哈希&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>    <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a>    <span class="n">modulus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1000000007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a>        <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="nb">ord</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">modulus</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">mul_hash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;乘法哈希&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a>    <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a>    <span class="n">modulus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1000000007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a>        <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">31</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">ord</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">modulus</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">xor_hash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;异或哈希&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a>    <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a>    <span class="n">modulus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1000000007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a>        <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">^=</span> <span class="nb">ord</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">modulus</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">rot_hash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;旋转哈希&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a>    <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a>    <span class="n">modulus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1000000007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a>        <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">^</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="mi">28</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">^</span> <span class="nb">ord</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">hash</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">modulus</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">add_hash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mul_hash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">xor_hash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rot_hash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">mulHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">xorHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">rotHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-34" name="__codelineno-2-34" href="#__codelineno-2-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-35" name="__codelineno-2-35" href="#__codelineno-2-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-36" name="__codelineno-2-36" href="#__codelineno-2-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">28</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-37" name="__codelineno-2-37" href="#__codelineno-2-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-38" name="__codelineno-2-38" href="#__codelineno-2-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-39" name="__codelineno-2-39" href="#__codelineno-2-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">addHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mulHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">xorHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">toCharArray</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">mulHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">toCharArray</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">xorHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">toCharArray</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-31" name="__codelineno-3-31" href="#__codelineno-3-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-32" name="__codelineno-3-32" href="#__codelineno-3-32"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">rotHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">toCharArray</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">28</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-37" name="__codelineno-3-37" href="#__codelineno-3-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-38" name="__codelineno-3-38" href="#__codelineno-3-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-39" name="__codelineno-3-39" href="#__codelineno-3-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">simple_hash</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">addHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">simple_hash</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">mulHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">simple_hash</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">xorHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">simple_hash</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">rotHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">mulHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">xorHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">rotHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-33" name="__codelineno-4-33" href="#__codelineno-4-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-34" name="__codelineno-4-34" href="#__codelineno-4-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-35" name="__codelineno-4-35" href="#__codelineno-4-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-36" name="__codelineno-4-36" href="#__codelineno-4-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">28</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-37" name="__codelineno-4-37" href="#__codelineno-4-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-38" name="__codelineno-4-38" href="#__codelineno-4-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-39" name="__codelineno-4-39" href="#__codelineno-4-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">simple_hash</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">addHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">simple_hash</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mulHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">simple_hash</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">xorHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">simple_hash</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">addHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int64</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">modulus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int64</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">modulus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="nb">byte</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">modulus</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mulHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int64</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">modulus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int64</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">modulus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="nb">byte</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">31</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">modulus</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">xorHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">modulus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="nb">byte</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">^=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">31</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">modulus</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">modulus</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rotHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-39" name="__codelineno-5-39" href="#__codelineno-5-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int64</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-40" name="__codelineno-5-40" href="#__codelineno-5-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">modulus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int64</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-41" name="__codelineno-5-41" href="#__codelineno-5-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-42" name="__codelineno-5-42" href="#__codelineno-5-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">modulus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-43" name="__codelineno-5-43" href="#__codelineno-5-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="nb">byte</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-44" name="__codelineno-5-44" href="#__codelineno-5-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">28</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">modulus</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-45" name="__codelineno-5-45" href="#__codelineno-5-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-46" name="__codelineno-5-46" href="#__codelineno-5-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-47" name="__codelineno-5-47" href="#__codelineno-5-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">addHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">mulHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">xorHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">rotHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">addHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">hash</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">MODULUS</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1_000_000_007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">scalar</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unicodeScalars</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a>            <span class="n">hash</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">scalar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">MODULUS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">hash</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">mulHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">hash</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">MODULUS</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1_000_000_007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">scalar</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unicodeScalars</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a>            <span class="n">hash</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">31</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">hash</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">scalar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">MODULUS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">hash</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">xorHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">hash</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">MODULUS</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1_000_000_007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">scalar</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unicodeScalars</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-31" name="__codelineno-6-31" href="#__codelineno-6-31"></a>            <span class="n">hash</span> <span class="o">^=</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">scalar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-32" name="__codelineno-6-32" href="#__codelineno-6-32"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-33" name="__codelineno-6-33" href="#__codelineno-6-33"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-34" name="__codelineno-6-34" href="#__codelineno-6-34"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">hash</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">MODULUS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-35" name="__codelineno-6-35" href="#__codelineno-6-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-36" name="__codelineno-6-36" href="#__codelineno-6-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-37" name="__codelineno-6-37" href="#__codelineno-6-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-38" name="__codelineno-6-38" href="#__codelineno-6-38"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">rotHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-39" name="__codelineno-6-39" href="#__codelineno-6-39"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">hash</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-40" name="__codelineno-6-40" href="#__codelineno-6-40"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">MODULUS</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">1_000_000_007</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-41" name="__codelineno-6-41" href="#__codelineno-6-41"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-42" name="__codelineno-6-42" href="#__codelineno-6-42"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">scalar</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unicodeScalars</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-43" name="__codelineno-6-43" href="#__codelineno-6-43"></a>            <span class="n">hash</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="n">hash</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">^</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span> <span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="mi">28</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">^</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">scalar</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">MODULUS</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-44" name="__codelineno-6-44" href="#__codelineno-6-44"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-45" name="__codelineno-6-45" href="#__codelineno-6-45"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-46" name="__codelineno-6-46" href="#__codelineno-6-46"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">hash</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-47" name="__codelineno-6-47" href="#__codelineno-6-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">addHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mulHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">xorHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">addHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charCodeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mulHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charCodeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">xorHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charCodeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rotHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-35" name="__codelineno-7-35" href="#__codelineno-7-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-36" name="__codelineno-7-36" href="#__codelineno-7-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">28</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charCodeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-37" name="__codelineno-7-37" href="#__codelineno-7-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-38" name="__codelineno-7-38" href="#__codelineno-7-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-39" name="__codelineno-7-39" href="#__codelineno-7-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">addHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">mulHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">xorHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">rotHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">addHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charCodeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mulHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charCodeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">xorHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charCodeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rotHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-36" name="__codelineno-8-36" href="#__codelineno-8-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">28</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">charCodeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-37" name="__codelineno-8-37" href="#__codelineno-8-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-38" name="__codelineno-8-38" href="#__codelineno-8-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-39" name="__codelineno-8-39" href="#__codelineno-8-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">addHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">mulHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">xorHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">rotHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">codeUnitAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mulHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">codeUnitAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">xorHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">codeUnitAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-31" name="__codelineno-9-31" href="#__codelineno-9-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-32" name="__codelineno-9-32" href="#__codelineno-9-32"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-33" name="__codelineno-9-33" href="#__codelineno-9-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-34" name="__codelineno-9-34" href="#__codelineno-9-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-35" name="__codelineno-9-35" href="#__codelineno-9-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">28</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">codeUnitAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-37" name="__codelineno-9-37" href="#__codelineno-9-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-39" name="__codelineno-9-39" href="#__codelineno-9-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">addHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mulHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">xorHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">add_hash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0_</span><span class="k">i64</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span>: <span class="kt">i64</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">chars</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i64</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">mul_hash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0_</span><span class="k">i64</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span>: <span class="kt">i64</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">chars</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i64</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">xor_hash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0_</span><span class="k">i64</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span>: <span class="kt">i64</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">chars</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i64</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">rot_hash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0_</span><span class="k">i64</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span>: <span class="kt">i64</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-42" name="__codelineno-10-42" href="#__codelineno-10-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">chars</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-43" name="__codelineno-10-43" href="#__codelineno-10-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">28</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i64</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-44" name="__codelineno-10-44" href="#__codelineno-10-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-45" name="__codelineno-10-45" href="#__codelineno-10-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-46" name="__codelineno-10-46" href="#__codelineno-10-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-47" name="__codelineno-10-47" href="#__codelineno-10-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">add_hash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mul_hash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">xor_hash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rot_hash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 加法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">addHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 乘法哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">mulHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 异或哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">xorHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-28" name="__codelineno-11-28" href="#__codelineno-11-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-29" name="__codelineno-11-29" href="#__codelineno-11-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-30" name="__codelineno-11-30" href="#__codelineno-11-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-31" name="__codelineno-11-31" href="#__codelineno-11-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-32" name="__codelineno-11-32" href="#__codelineno-11-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 旋转哈希 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-33" name="__codelineno-11-33" href="#__codelineno-11-33"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">rotHash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-34" name="__codelineno-11-34" href="#__codelineno-11-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-35" name="__codelineno-11-35" href="#__codelineno-11-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1000000007</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-36" name="__codelineno-11-36" href="#__codelineno-11-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-37" name="__codelineno-11-37" href="#__codelineno-11-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">28</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MODULUS</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-38" name="__codelineno-11-38" href="#__codelineno-11-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-39" name="__codelineno-11-39" href="#__codelineno-11-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-40" name="__codelineno-11-40" href="#__codelineno-11-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hash</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-41" name="__codelineno-11-41" href="#__codelineno-11-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">simple_hash.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">addHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mulHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">xorHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotHash</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4249,7 +3899,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
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@@ -4315,31 +3970,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../hash_collision/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 6.2 &amp;nbsp; 哈希冲突" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                6.2 &nbsp; 哈希冲突
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 6.4 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                6.4 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -4349,14 +4021,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
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diff --git a/chapter_hashing/hash_collision/index.html b/chapter_hashing/hash_collision/index.html
index 65fa12e67..1926eda98 100644
--- a/chapter_hashing/hash_collision/index.html
+++ b/chapter_hashing/hash_collision/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
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+        
+      </ul>
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+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3409,1268 +3429,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;链式地址哈希表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span>  <span class="c1"># 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">2.0</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">3.0</span>  <span class="c1"># 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>  <span class="c1"># 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)]</span>  <span class="c1"># 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;哈希函数&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">load_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;负载因子&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">str</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;查询操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>        <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>        <span class="c1"># 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-27" name="__codelineno-0-27" href="#__codelineno-0-27"></a>                <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若未找到 key 则返回 None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-29" name="__codelineno-0-29" href="#__codelineno-0-29"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-30" name="__codelineno-0-30" href="#__codelineno-0-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-31" name="__codelineno-0-31" href="#__codelineno-0-31"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-32" name="__codelineno-0-32" href="#__codelineno-0-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;添加操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-33" name="__codelineno-0-33" href="#__codelineno-0-33"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-34" name="__codelineno-0-34" href="#__codelineno-0-34"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_factor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-35" name="__codelineno-0-35" href="#__codelineno-0-35"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-36" name="__codelineno-0-36" href="#__codelineno-0-36"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-37" name="__codelineno-0-37" href="#__codelineno-0-37"></a>        <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-38" name="__codelineno-0-38" href="#__codelineno-0-38"></a>        <span class="c1"># 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-39" name="__codelineno-0-39" href="#__codelineno-0-39"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-40" name="__codelineno-0-40" href="#__codelineno-0-40"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-41" name="__codelineno-0-41" href="#__codelineno-0-41"></a>                <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-42" name="__codelineno-0-42" href="#__codelineno-0-42"></a>                <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-43" name="__codelineno-0-43" href="#__codelineno-0-43"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-44" name="__codelineno-0-44" href="#__codelineno-0-44"></a>        <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-45" name="__codelineno-0-45" href="#__codelineno-0-45"></a>        <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-46" name="__codelineno-0-46" href="#__codelineno-0-46"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-47" name="__codelineno-0-47" href="#__codelineno-0-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-48" name="__codelineno-0-48" href="#__codelineno-0-48"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-49" name="__codelineno-0-49" href="#__codelineno-0-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-50" name="__codelineno-0-50" href="#__codelineno-0-50"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-51" name="__codelineno-0-51" href="#__codelineno-0-51"></a>        <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-52" name="__codelineno-0-52" href="#__codelineno-0-52"></a>        <span class="c1"># 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-53" name="__codelineno-0-53" href="#__codelineno-0-53"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-54" name="__codelineno-0-54" href="#__codelineno-0-54"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-55" name="__codelineno-0-55" href="#__codelineno-0-55"></a>                <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-56" name="__codelineno-0-56" href="#__codelineno-0-56"></a>                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-57" name="__codelineno-0-57" href="#__codelineno-0-57"></a>                <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-58" name="__codelineno-0-58" href="#__codelineno-0-58"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-59" name="__codelineno-0-59" href="#__codelineno-0-59"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-60" name="__codelineno-0-60" href="#__codelineno-0-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;扩容哈希表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-61" name="__codelineno-0-61" href="#__codelineno-0-61"></a>        <span class="c1"># 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-62" name="__codelineno-0-62" href="#__codelineno-0-62"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-63" name="__codelineno-0-63" href="#__codelineno-0-63"></a>        <span class="c1"># 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-64" name="__codelineno-0-64" href="#__codelineno-0-64"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-65" name="__codelineno-0-65" href="#__codelineno-0-65"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-66" name="__codelineno-0-66" href="#__codelineno-0-66"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-67" name="__codelineno-0-67" href="#__codelineno-0-67"></a>        <span class="c1"># 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-68" name="__codelineno-0-68" href="#__codelineno-0-68"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-69" name="__codelineno-0-69" href="#__codelineno-0-69"></a>            <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-70" name="__codelineno-0-70" href="#__codelineno-0-70"></a>                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-71" name="__codelineno-0-71" href="#__codelineno-0-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-72" name="__codelineno-0-72" href="#__codelineno-0-72"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-73" name="__codelineno-0-73" href="#__codelineno-0-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;打印哈希表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-74" name="__codelineno-0-74" href="#__codelineno-0-74"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-75" name="__codelineno-0-75" href="#__codelineno-0-75"></a>            <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-76" name="__codelineno-0-76" href="#__codelineno-0-76"></a>            <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-77" name="__codelineno-0-77" href="#__codelineno-0-77"></a>                <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-78" name="__codelineno-0-78" href="#__codelineno-0-78"></a>            <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                       </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                   </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">               </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 析构方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33" href="#__codelineno-1-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-34" name="__codelineno-1-34" href="#__codelineno-1-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-35" name="__codelineno-1-35" href="#__codelineno-1-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-36" name="__codelineno-1-36" href="#__codelineno-1-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-37" name="__codelineno-1-37" href="#__codelineno-1-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-38" name="__codelineno-1-38" href="#__codelineno-1-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-39" name="__codelineno-1-39" href="#__codelineno-1-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-40" name="__codelineno-1-40" href="#__codelineno-1-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-41" name="__codelineno-1-41" href="#__codelineno-1-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-42" name="__codelineno-1-42" href="#__codelineno-1-42"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-43" name="__codelineno-1-43" href="#__codelineno-1-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-44" name="__codelineno-1-44" href="#__codelineno-1-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-45" name="__codelineno-1-45" href="#__codelineno-1-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回空字符串</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-46" name="__codelineno-1-46" href="#__codelineno-1-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-47" name="__codelineno-1-47" href="#__codelineno-1-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-48" name="__codelineno-1-48" href="#__codelineno-1-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-49" name="__codelineno-1-49" href="#__codelineno-1-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-50" name="__codelineno-1-50" href="#__codelineno-1-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-51" name="__codelineno-1-51" href="#__codelineno-1-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-52" name="__codelineno-1-52" href="#__codelineno-1-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-53" name="__codelineno-1-53" href="#__codelineno-1-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-54" name="__codelineno-1-54" href="#__codelineno-1-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-55" name="__codelineno-1-55" href="#__codelineno-1-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-56" name="__codelineno-1-56" href="#__codelineno-1-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-57" name="__codelineno-1-57" href="#__codelineno-1-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-58" name="__codelineno-1-58" href="#__codelineno-1-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-59" name="__codelineno-1-59" href="#__codelineno-1-59"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-60" name="__codelineno-1-60" href="#__codelineno-1-60"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-61" name="__codelineno-1-61" href="#__codelineno-1-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-62" name="__codelineno-1-62" href="#__codelineno-1-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-63" name="__codelineno-1-63" href="#__codelineno-1-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-64" name="__codelineno-1-64" href="#__codelineno-1-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-65" name="__codelineno-1-65" href="#__codelineno-1-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-66" name="__codelineno-1-66" href="#__codelineno-1-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-67" name="__codelineno-1-67" href="#__codelineno-1-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-68" name="__codelineno-1-68" href="#__codelineno-1-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-69" name="__codelineno-1-69" href="#__codelineno-1-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-70" name="__codelineno-1-70" href="#__codelineno-1-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-71" name="__codelineno-1-71" href="#__codelineno-1-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-72" name="__codelineno-1-72" href="#__codelineno-1-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-73" name="__codelineno-1-73" href="#__codelineno-1-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-74" name="__codelineno-1-74" href="#__codelineno-1-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-75" name="__codelineno-1-75" href="#__codelineno-1-75"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-76" name="__codelineno-1-76" href="#__codelineno-1-76"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">erase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-77" name="__codelineno-1-77" href="#__codelineno-1-77"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                       </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-78" name="__codelineno-1-78" href="#__codelineno-1-78"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-79" name="__codelineno-1-79" href="#__codelineno-1-79"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-80" name="__codelineno-1-80" href="#__codelineno-1-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-81" name="__codelineno-1-81" href="#__codelineno-1-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-82" name="__codelineno-1-82" href="#__codelineno-1-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-83" name="__codelineno-1-83" href="#__codelineno-1-83"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-84" name="__codelineno-1-84" href="#__codelineno-1-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-85" name="__codelineno-1-85" href="#__codelineno-1-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-86" name="__codelineno-1-86" href="#__codelineno-1-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-87" name="__codelineno-1-87" href="#__codelineno-1-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-88" name="__codelineno-1-88" href="#__codelineno-1-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-89" name="__codelineno-1-89" href="#__codelineno-1-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-90" name="__codelineno-1-90" href="#__codelineno-1-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-91" name="__codelineno-1-91" href="#__codelineno-1-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-92" name="__codelineno-1-92" href="#__codelineno-1-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-93" name="__codelineno-1-93" href="#__codelineno-1-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-94" name="__codelineno-1-94" href="#__codelineno-1-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-95" name="__codelineno-1-95" href="#__codelineno-1-95"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-96" name="__codelineno-1-96" href="#__codelineno-1-96"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-97" name="__codelineno-1-97" href="#__codelineno-1-97"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-98" name="__codelineno-1-98" href="#__codelineno-1-98"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-99" name="__codelineno-1-99" href="#__codelineno-1-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-100" name="__codelineno-1-100" href="#__codelineno-1-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-101" name="__codelineno-1-101" href="#__codelineno-1-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-102" name="__codelineno-1-102" href="#__codelineno-1-102"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-103" name="__codelineno-1-103" href="#__codelineno-1-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-104" name="__codelineno-1-104" href="#__codelineno-1-104"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-105" name="__codelineno-1-105" href="#__codelineno-1-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-106" name="__codelineno-1-106" href="#__codelineno-1-106"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;[&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-107" name="__codelineno-1-107" href="#__codelineno-1-107"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-108" name="__codelineno-1-108" href="#__codelineno-1-108"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;, &quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-109" name="__codelineno-1-109" href="#__codelineno-1-109"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-110" name="__codelineno-1-110" href="#__codelineno-1-110"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;]</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-111" name="__codelineno-1-111" href="#__codelineno-1-111"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-112" name="__codelineno-1-112" href="#__codelineno-1-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-113" name="__codelineno-1-113" href="#__codelineno-1-113"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-34" name="__codelineno-2-34" href="#__codelineno-2-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-35" name="__codelineno-2-35" href="#__codelineno-2-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-36" name="__codelineno-2-36" href="#__codelineno-2-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-37" name="__codelineno-2-37" href="#__codelineno-2-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-38" name="__codelineno-2-38" href="#__codelineno-2-38"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-39" name="__codelineno-2-39" href="#__codelineno-2-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-40" name="__codelineno-2-40" href="#__codelineno-2-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-41" name="__codelineno-2-41" href="#__codelineno-2-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-42" name="__codelineno-2-42" href="#__codelineno-2-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-43" name="__codelineno-2-43" href="#__codelineno-2-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-44" name="__codelineno-2-44" href="#__codelineno-2-44"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-45" name="__codelineno-2-45" href="#__codelineno-2-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-46" name="__codelineno-2-46" href="#__codelineno-2-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-47" name="__codelineno-2-47" href="#__codelineno-2-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-48" name="__codelineno-2-48" href="#__codelineno-2-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-49" name="__codelineno-2-49" href="#__codelineno-2-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-50" name="__codelineno-2-50" href="#__codelineno-2-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-51" name="__codelineno-2-51" href="#__codelineno-2-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-52" name="__codelineno-2-52" href="#__codelineno-2-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-53" name="__codelineno-2-53" href="#__codelineno-2-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-54" name="__codelineno-2-54" href="#__codelineno-2-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-55" name="__codelineno-2-55" href="#__codelineno-2-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-56" name="__codelineno-2-56" href="#__codelineno-2-56"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-57" name="__codelineno-2-57" href="#__codelineno-2-57"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-58" name="__codelineno-2-58" href="#__codelineno-2-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-59" name="__codelineno-2-59" href="#__codelineno-2-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-60" name="__codelineno-2-60" href="#__codelineno-2-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-61" name="__codelineno-2-61" href="#__codelineno-2-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-62" name="__codelineno-2-62" href="#__codelineno-2-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-63" name="__codelineno-2-63" href="#__codelineno-2-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-64" name="__codelineno-2-64" href="#__codelineno-2-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-65" name="__codelineno-2-65" href="#__codelineno-2-65"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-66" name="__codelineno-2-66" href="#__codelineno-2-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-67" name="__codelineno-2-67" href="#__codelineno-2-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-68" name="__codelineno-2-68" href="#__codelineno-2-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-69" name="__codelineno-2-69" href="#__codelineno-2-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-70" name="__codelineno-2-70" href="#__codelineno-2-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-71" name="__codelineno-2-71" href="#__codelineno-2-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-72" name="__codelineno-2-72" href="#__codelineno-2-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-73" name="__codelineno-2-73" href="#__codelineno-2-73"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-74" name="__codelineno-2-74" href="#__codelineno-2-74"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-75" name="__codelineno-2-75" href="#__codelineno-2-75"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-76" name="__codelineno-2-76" href="#__codelineno-2-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-77" name="__codelineno-2-77" href="#__codelineno-2-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-78" name="__codelineno-2-78" href="#__codelineno-2-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-79" name="__codelineno-2-79" href="#__codelineno-2-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-80" name="__codelineno-2-80" href="#__codelineno-2-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-81" name="__codelineno-2-81" href="#__codelineno-2-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-82" name="__codelineno-2-82" href="#__codelineno-2-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-83" name="__codelineno-2-83" href="#__codelineno-2-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-84" name="__codelineno-2-84" href="#__codelineno-2-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-85" name="__codelineno-2-85" href="#__codelineno-2-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-86" name="__codelineno-2-86" href="#__codelineno-2-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-87" name="__codelineno-2-87" href="#__codelineno-2-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-88" name="__codelineno-2-88" href="#__codelineno-2-88"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-89" name="__codelineno-2-89" href="#__codelineno-2-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-90" name="__codelineno-2-90" href="#__codelineno-2-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-91" name="__codelineno-2-91" href="#__codelineno-2-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-92" name="__codelineno-2-92" href="#__codelineno-2-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-93" name="__codelineno-2-93" href="#__codelineno-2-93"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-94" name="__codelineno-2-94" href="#__codelineno-2-94"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-95" name="__codelineno-2-95" href="#__codelineno-2-95"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-96" name="__codelineno-2-96" href="#__codelineno-2-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-97" name="__codelineno-2-97" href="#__codelineno-2-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-98" name="__codelineno-2-98" href="#__codelineno-2-98"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-99" name="__codelineno-2-99" href="#__codelineno-2-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-100" name="__codelineno-2-100" href="#__codelineno-2-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-101" name="__codelineno-2-101" href="#__codelineno-2-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-102" name="__codelineno-2-102" href="#__codelineno-2-102"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-103" name="__codelineno-2-103" href="#__codelineno-2-103"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-104" name="__codelineno-2-104" href="#__codelineno-2-104"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-105" name="__codelineno-2-105" href="#__codelineno-2-105"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-106" name="__codelineno-2-106" href="#__codelineno-2-106"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-107" name="__codelineno-2-107" href="#__codelineno-2-107"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-108" name="__codelineno-2-108" href="#__codelineno-2-108"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-109" name="__codelineno-2-109" href="#__codelineno-2-109"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-31" name="__codelineno-3-31" href="#__codelineno-3-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-32" name="__codelineno-3-32" href="#__codelineno-3-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-37" name="__codelineno-3-37" href="#__codelineno-3-37"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-38" name="__codelineno-3-38" href="#__codelineno-3-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-39" name="__codelineno-3-39" href="#__codelineno-3-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-40" name="__codelineno-3-40" href="#__codelineno-3-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-41" name="__codelineno-3-41" href="#__codelineno-3-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-42" name="__codelineno-3-42" href="#__codelineno-3-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-43" name="__codelineno-3-43" href="#__codelineno-3-43"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-44" name="__codelineno-3-44" href="#__codelineno-3-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-45" name="__codelineno-3-45" href="#__codelineno-3-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-46" name="__codelineno-3-46" href="#__codelineno-3-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-47" name="__codelineno-3-47" href="#__codelineno-3-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-48" name="__codelineno-3-48" href="#__codelineno-3-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-49" name="__codelineno-3-49" href="#__codelineno-3-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-50" name="__codelineno-3-50" href="#__codelineno-3-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-51" name="__codelineno-3-51" href="#__codelineno-3-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-52" name="__codelineno-3-52" href="#__codelineno-3-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-53" name="__codelineno-3-53" href="#__codelineno-3-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-54" name="__codelineno-3-54" href="#__codelineno-3-54"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-55" name="__codelineno-3-55" href="#__codelineno-3-55"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-56" name="__codelineno-3-56" href="#__codelineno-3-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-57" name="__codelineno-3-57" href="#__codelineno-3-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-58" name="__codelineno-3-58" href="#__codelineno-3-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-59" name="__codelineno-3-59" href="#__codelineno-3-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-60" name="__codelineno-3-60" href="#__codelineno-3-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-61" name="__codelineno-3-61" href="#__codelineno-3-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-62" name="__codelineno-3-62" href="#__codelineno-3-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-63" name="__codelineno-3-63" href="#__codelineno-3-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-64" name="__codelineno-3-64" href="#__codelineno-3-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-65" name="__codelineno-3-65" href="#__codelineno-3-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-66" name="__codelineno-3-66" href="#__codelineno-3-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-67" name="__codelineno-3-67" href="#__codelineno-3-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">ToList</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-68" name="__codelineno-3-68" href="#__codelineno-3-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-69" name="__codelineno-3-69" href="#__codelineno-3-69"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-70" name="__codelineno-3-70" href="#__codelineno-3-70"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-71" name="__codelineno-3-71" href="#__codelineno-3-71"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-72" name="__codelineno-3-72" href="#__codelineno-3-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-73" name="__codelineno-3-73" href="#__codelineno-3-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-74" name="__codelineno-3-74" href="#__codelineno-3-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-75" name="__codelineno-3-75" href="#__codelineno-3-75"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-76" name="__codelineno-3-76" href="#__codelineno-3-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-77" name="__codelineno-3-77" href="#__codelineno-3-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-78" name="__codelineno-3-78" href="#__codelineno-3-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-79" name="__codelineno-3-79" href="#__codelineno-3-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-80" name="__codelineno-3-80" href="#__codelineno-3-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-81" name="__codelineno-3-81" href="#__codelineno-3-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-82" name="__codelineno-3-82" href="#__codelineno-3-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-83" name="__codelineno-3-83" href="#__codelineno-3-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-84" name="__codelineno-3-84" href="#__codelineno-3-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-85" name="__codelineno-3-85" href="#__codelineno-3-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-86" name="__codelineno-3-86" href="#__codelineno-3-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-87" name="__codelineno-3-87" href="#__codelineno-3-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-88" name="__codelineno-3-88" href="#__codelineno-3-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-89" name="__codelineno-3-89" href="#__codelineno-3-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-90" name="__codelineno-3-90" href="#__codelineno-3-90"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-91" name="__codelineno-3-91" href="#__codelineno-3-91"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-92" name="__codelineno-3-92" href="#__codelineno-3-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-93" name="__codelineno-3-93" href="#__codelineno-3-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-94" name="__codelineno-3-94" href="#__codelineno-3-94"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-95" name="__codelineno-3-95" href="#__codelineno-3-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-96" name="__codelineno-3-96" href="#__codelineno-3-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-97" name="__codelineno-3-97" href="#__codelineno-3-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-98" name="__codelineno-3-98" href="#__codelineno-3-98"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-99" name="__codelineno-3-99" href="#__codelineno-3-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-100" name="__codelineno-3-100" href="#__codelineno-3-100"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-101" name="__codelineno-3-101" href="#__codelineno-3-101"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-102" name="__codelineno-3-102" href="#__codelineno-3-102"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-103" name="__codelineno-3-103" href="#__codelineno-3-103"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-104" name="__codelineno-3-104" href="#__codelineno-3-104"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-105" name="__codelineno-3-105" href="#__codelineno-3-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-106" name="__codelineno-3-106" href="#__codelineno-3-106"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-107" name="__codelineno-3-107" href="#__codelineno-3-107"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newHashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-33" name="__codelineno-4-33" href="#__codelineno-4-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-34" name="__codelineno-4-34" href="#__codelineno-4-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-35" name="__codelineno-4-35" href="#__codelineno-4-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-36" name="__codelineno-4-36" href="#__codelineno-4-36"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-37" name="__codelineno-4-37" href="#__codelineno-4-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-38" name="__codelineno-4-38" href="#__codelineno-4-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-39" name="__codelineno-4-39" href="#__codelineno-4-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-40" name="__codelineno-4-40" href="#__codelineno-4-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-41" name="__codelineno-4-41" href="#__codelineno-4-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-42" name="__codelineno-4-42" href="#__codelineno-4-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-43" name="__codelineno-4-43" href="#__codelineno-4-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-44" name="__codelineno-4-44" href="#__codelineno-4-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-45" name="__codelineno-4-45" href="#__codelineno-4-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回空字符串</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-46" name="__codelineno-4-46" href="#__codelineno-4-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-47" name="__codelineno-4-47" href="#__codelineno-4-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-48" name="__codelineno-4-48" href="#__codelineno-4-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-49" name="__codelineno-4-49" href="#__codelineno-4-49"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-50" name="__codelineno-4-50" href="#__codelineno-4-50"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-51" name="__codelineno-4-51" href="#__codelineno-4-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-52" name="__codelineno-4-52" href="#__codelineno-4-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-53" name="__codelineno-4-53" href="#__codelineno-4-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-54" name="__codelineno-4-54" href="#__codelineno-4-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-55" name="__codelineno-4-55" href="#__codelineno-4-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-56" name="__codelineno-4-56" href="#__codelineno-4-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-57" name="__codelineno-4-57" href="#__codelineno-4-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-58" name="__codelineno-4-58" href="#__codelineno-4-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-59" name="__codelineno-4-59" href="#__codelineno-4-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-60" name="__codelineno-4-60" href="#__codelineno-4-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-61" name="__codelineno-4-61" href="#__codelineno-4-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-62" name="__codelineno-4-62" href="#__codelineno-4-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-63" name="__codelineno-4-63" href="#__codelineno-4-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-64" name="__codelineno-4-64" href="#__codelineno-4-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-65" name="__codelineno-4-65" href="#__codelineno-4-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-66" name="__codelineno-4-66" href="#__codelineno-4-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-67" name="__codelineno-4-67" href="#__codelineno-4-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-68" name="__codelineno-4-68" href="#__codelineno-4-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-69" name="__codelineno-4-69" href="#__codelineno-4-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-70" name="__codelineno-4-70" href="#__codelineno-4-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-71" name="__codelineno-4-71" href="#__codelineno-4-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-72" name="__codelineno-4-72" href="#__codelineno-4-72"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-73" name="__codelineno-4-73" href="#__codelineno-4-73"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-74" name="__codelineno-4-74" href="#__codelineno-4-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-75" name="__codelineno-4-75" href="#__codelineno-4-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-76" name="__codelineno-4-76" href="#__codelineno-4-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-77" name="__codelineno-4-77" href="#__codelineno-4-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-78" name="__codelineno-4-78" href="#__codelineno-4-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 切片删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-79" name="__codelineno-4-79" href="#__codelineno-4-79"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">][:</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-80" name="__codelineno-4-80" href="#__codelineno-4-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-81" name="__codelineno-4-81" href="#__codelineno-4-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-82" name="__codelineno-4-82" href="#__codelineno-4-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-83" name="__codelineno-4-83" href="#__codelineno-4-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-84" name="__codelineno-4-84" href="#__codelineno-4-84"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-85" name="__codelineno-4-85" href="#__codelineno-4-85"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-86" name="__codelineno-4-86" href="#__codelineno-4-86"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-87" name="__codelineno-4-87" href="#__codelineno-4-87"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-88" name="__codelineno-4-88" href="#__codelineno-4-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-89" name="__codelineno-4-89" href="#__codelineno-4-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-90" name="__codelineno-4-90" href="#__codelineno-4-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-91" name="__codelineno-4-91" href="#__codelineno-4-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-92" name="__codelineno-4-92" href="#__codelineno-4-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-93" name="__codelineno-4-93" href="#__codelineno-4-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-94" name="__codelineno-4-94" href="#__codelineno-4-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-95" name="__codelineno-4-95" href="#__codelineno-4-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-96" name="__codelineno-4-96" href="#__codelineno-4-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-97" name="__codelineno-4-97" href="#__codelineno-4-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-98" name="__codelineno-4-98" href="#__codelineno-4-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-99" name="__codelineno-4-99" href="#__codelineno-4-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-100" name="__codelineno-4-100" href="#__codelineno-4-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-101" name="__codelineno-4-101" href="#__codelineno-4-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-102" name="__codelineno-4-102" href="#__codelineno-4-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-103" name="__codelineno-4-103" href="#__codelineno-4-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-104" name="__codelineno-4-104" href="#__codelineno-4-104"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-105" name="__codelineno-4-105" href="#__codelineno-4-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-106" name="__codelineno-4-106" href="#__codelineno-4-106"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-107" name="__codelineno-4-107" href="#__codelineno-4-107"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-108" name="__codelineno-4-108" href="#__codelineno-4-108"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-109" name="__codelineno-4-109" href="#__codelineno-4-109"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-110" name="__codelineno-4-110" href="#__codelineno-4-110"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-111" name="__codelineno-4-111" href="#__codelineno-4-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">strings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Builder</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-112" name="__codelineno-4-112" href="#__codelineno-4-112"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-113" name="__codelineno-4-113" href="#__codelineno-4-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-114" name="__codelineno-4-114" href="#__codelineno-4-114"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">WriteString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;[&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-115" name="__codelineno-4-115" href="#__codelineno-4-115"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-116" name="__codelineno-4-116" href="#__codelineno-4-116"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">WriteString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">strconv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Itoa</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-117" name="__codelineno-4-117" href="#__codelineno-4-117"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-118" name="__codelineno-4-118" href="#__codelineno-4-118"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">WriteString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;]&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-119" name="__codelineno-4-119" href="#__codelineno-4-119"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">String</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-120" name="__codelineno-4-120" href="#__codelineno-4-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Reset</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-121" name="__codelineno-4-121" href="#__codelineno-4-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-122" name="__codelineno-4-122" href="#__codelineno-4-122"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">loadThres</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Double</span> <span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="n">loadThres</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mf">2.0</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">3.0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="n">extendRatio</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>        <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Double</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>        <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucket</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a>        <span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a>                <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-39" name="__codelineno-5-39" href="#__codelineno-5-39"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-40" name="__codelineno-5-40" href="#__codelineno-5-40"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-41" name="__codelineno-5-41" href="#__codelineno-5-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-42" name="__codelineno-5-42" href="#__codelineno-5-42"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-43" name="__codelineno-5-43" href="#__codelineno-5-43"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-44" name="__codelineno-5-44" href="#__codelineno-5-44"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-45" name="__codelineno-5-45" href="#__codelineno-5-45"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">loadThres</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-46" name="__codelineno-5-46" href="#__codelineno-5-46"></a>            <span class="bp">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-47" name="__codelineno-5-47" href="#__codelineno-5-47"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-48" name="__codelineno-5-48" href="#__codelineno-5-48"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-49" name="__codelineno-5-49" href="#__codelineno-5-49"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucket</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-50" name="__codelineno-5-50" href="#__codelineno-5-50"></a>        <span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-51" name="__codelineno-5-51" href="#__codelineno-5-51"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-52" name="__codelineno-5-52" href="#__codelineno-5-52"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-53" name="__codelineno-5-53" href="#__codelineno-5-53"></a>                <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-54" name="__codelineno-5-54" href="#__codelineno-5-54"></a>                <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-55" name="__codelineno-5-55" href="#__codelineno-5-55"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-56" name="__codelineno-5-56" href="#__codelineno-5-56"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-57" name="__codelineno-5-57" href="#__codelineno-5-57"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-58" name="__codelineno-5-58" href="#__codelineno-5-58"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-59" name="__codelineno-5-59" href="#__codelineno-5-59"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-60" name="__codelineno-5-60" href="#__codelineno-5-60"></a>        <span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-61" name="__codelineno-5-61" href="#__codelineno-5-61"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-62" name="__codelineno-5-62" href="#__codelineno-5-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-63" name="__codelineno-5-63" href="#__codelineno-5-63"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-64" name="__codelineno-5-64" href="#__codelineno-5-64"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-65" name="__codelineno-5-65" href="#__codelineno-5-65"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-66" name="__codelineno-5-66" href="#__codelineno-5-66"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucket</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-67" name="__codelineno-5-67" href="#__codelineno-5-67"></a>        <span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-68" name="__codelineno-5-68" href="#__codelineno-5-68"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pairIndex</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">enumerated</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-69" name="__codelineno-5-69" href="#__codelineno-5-69"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-70" name="__codelineno-5-70" href="#__codelineno-5-70"></a>                <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">at</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pairIndex</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-71" name="__codelineno-5-71" href="#__codelineno-5-71"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-72" name="__codelineno-5-72" href="#__codelineno-5-72"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-73" name="__codelineno-5-73" href="#__codelineno-5-73"></a>        <span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-74" name="__codelineno-5-74" href="#__codelineno-5-74"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-75" name="__codelineno-5-75" href="#__codelineno-5-75"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-76" name="__codelineno-5-76" href="#__codelineno-5-76"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-77" name="__codelineno-5-77" href="#__codelineno-5-77"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-78" name="__codelineno-5-78" href="#__codelineno-5-78"></a>        <span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-79" name="__codelineno-5-79" href="#__codelineno-5-79"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucketsTmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-80" name="__codelineno-5-80" href="#__codelineno-5-80"></a>        <span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-81" name="__codelineno-5-81" href="#__codelineno-5-81"></a>        <span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="n">extendRatio</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-82" name="__codelineno-5-82" href="#__codelineno-5-82"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-83" name="__codelineno-5-83" href="#__codelineno-5-83"></a>        <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-84" name="__codelineno-5-84" href="#__codelineno-5-84"></a>        <span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-85" name="__codelineno-5-85" href="#__codelineno-5-85"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucketsTmp</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-86" name="__codelineno-5-86" href="#__codelineno-5-86"></a>            <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-87" name="__codelineno-5-87" href="#__codelineno-5-87"></a>                <span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-88" name="__codelineno-5-88" href="#__codelineno-5-88"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-89" name="__codelineno-5-89" href="#__codelineno-5-89"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-90" name="__codelineno-5-90" href="#__codelineno-5-90"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-91" name="__codelineno-5-91" href="#__codelineno-5-91"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-92" name="__codelineno-5-92" href="#__codelineno-5-92"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-93" name="__codelineno-5-93" href="#__codelineno-5-93"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-94" name="__codelineno-5-94" href="#__codelineno-5-94"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-95" name="__codelineno-5-95" href="#__codelineno-5-95"></a>            <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">map</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s"> -&gt; </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-96" name="__codelineno-5-96" href="#__codelineno-5-96"></a>            <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-97" name="__codelineno-5-97" href="#__codelineno-5-97"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-98" name="__codelineno-5-98" href="#__codelineno-5-98"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-99" name="__codelineno-5-99" href="#__codelineno-5-99"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-31" name="__codelineno-6-31" href="#__codelineno-6-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-32" name="__codelineno-6-32" href="#__codelineno-6-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-33" name="__codelineno-6-33" href="#__codelineno-6-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-34" name="__codelineno-6-34" href="#__codelineno-6-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-35" name="__codelineno-6-35" href="#__codelineno-6-35"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-36" name="__codelineno-6-36" href="#__codelineno-6-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-37" name="__codelineno-6-37" href="#__codelineno-6-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-38" name="__codelineno-6-38" href="#__codelineno-6-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-39" name="__codelineno-6-39" href="#__codelineno-6-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-40" name="__codelineno-6-40" href="#__codelineno-6-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-41" name="__codelineno-6-41" href="#__codelineno-6-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-42" name="__codelineno-6-42" href="#__codelineno-6-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-43" name="__codelineno-6-43" href="#__codelineno-6-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-44" name="__codelineno-6-44" href="#__codelineno-6-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-45" name="__codelineno-6-45" href="#__codelineno-6-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-46" name="__codelineno-6-46" href="#__codelineno-6-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-47" name="__codelineno-6-47" href="#__codelineno-6-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-48" name="__codelineno-6-48" href="#__codelineno-6-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-49" name="__codelineno-6-49" href="#__codelineno-6-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-50" name="__codelineno-6-50" href="#__codelineno-6-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-51" name="__codelineno-6-51" href="#__codelineno-6-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-52" name="__codelineno-6-52" href="#__codelineno-6-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-53" name="__codelineno-6-53" href="#__codelineno-6-53"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-54" name="__codelineno-6-54" href="#__codelineno-6-54"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-55" name="__codelineno-6-55" href="#__codelineno-6-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-56" name="__codelineno-6-56" href="#__codelineno-6-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-57" name="__codelineno-6-57" href="#__codelineno-6-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-58" name="__codelineno-6-58" href="#__codelineno-6-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-59" name="__codelineno-6-59" href="#__codelineno-6-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-60" name="__codelineno-6-60" href="#__codelineno-6-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-61" name="__codelineno-6-61" href="#__codelineno-6-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-62" name="__codelineno-6-62" href="#__codelineno-6-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-63" name="__codelineno-6-63" href="#__codelineno-6-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-64" name="__codelineno-6-64" href="#__codelineno-6-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-65" name="__codelineno-6-65" href="#__codelineno-6-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-66" name="__codelineno-6-66" href="#__codelineno-6-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-67" name="__codelineno-6-67" href="#__codelineno-6-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-68" name="__codelineno-6-68" href="#__codelineno-6-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-69" name="__codelineno-6-69" href="#__codelineno-6-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-70" name="__codelineno-6-70" href="#__codelineno-6-70"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-71" name="__codelineno-6-71" href="#__codelineno-6-71"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-72" name="__codelineno-6-72" href="#__codelineno-6-72"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-73" name="__codelineno-6-73" href="#__codelineno-6-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-74" name="__codelineno-6-74" href="#__codelineno-6-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-75" name="__codelineno-6-75" href="#__codelineno-6-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-76" name="__codelineno-6-76" href="#__codelineno-6-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-77" name="__codelineno-6-77" href="#__codelineno-6-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-78" name="__codelineno-6-78" href="#__codelineno-6-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-79" name="__codelineno-6-79" href="#__codelineno-6-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-80" name="__codelineno-6-80" href="#__codelineno-6-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-81" name="__codelineno-6-81" href="#__codelineno-6-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-82" name="__codelineno-6-82" href="#__codelineno-6-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-83" name="__codelineno-6-83" href="#__codelineno-6-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-84" name="__codelineno-6-84" href="#__codelineno-6-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-85" name="__codelineno-6-85" href="#__codelineno-6-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-86" name="__codelineno-6-86" href="#__codelineno-6-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-87" name="__codelineno-6-87" href="#__codelineno-6-87"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-88" name="__codelineno-6-88" href="#__codelineno-6-88"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-89" name="__codelineno-6-89" href="#__codelineno-6-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-90" name="__codelineno-6-90" href="#__codelineno-6-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-91" name="__codelineno-6-91" href="#__codelineno-6-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-92" name="__codelineno-6-92" href="#__codelineno-6-92"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-93" name="__codelineno-6-93" href="#__codelineno-6-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-94" name="__codelineno-6-94" href="#__codelineno-6-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-95" name="__codelineno-6-95" href="#__codelineno-6-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-96" name="__codelineno-6-96" href="#__codelineno-6-96"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-97" name="__codelineno-6-97" href="#__codelineno-6-97"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-98" name="__codelineno-6-98" href="#__codelineno-6-98"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39; -&gt; &#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-99" name="__codelineno-6-99" href="#__codelineno-6-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-100" name="__codelineno-6-100" href="#__codelineno-6-100"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-101" name="__codelineno-6-101" href="#__codelineno-6-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-102" name="__codelineno-6-102" href="#__codelineno-6-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-103" name="__codelineno-6-103" href="#__codelineno-6-103"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Pair</span><span class="p">[][];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-35" name="__codelineno-7-35" href="#__codelineno-7-35"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-36" name="__codelineno-7-36" href="#__codelineno-7-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-37" name="__codelineno-7-37" href="#__codelineno-7-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-38" name="__codelineno-7-38" href="#__codelineno-7-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-39" name="__codelineno-7-39" href="#__codelineno-7-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-40" name="__codelineno-7-40" href="#__codelineno-7-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-41" name="__codelineno-7-41" href="#__codelineno-7-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-42" name="__codelineno-7-42" href="#__codelineno-7-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-43" name="__codelineno-7-43" href="#__codelineno-7-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-44" name="__codelineno-7-44" href="#__codelineno-7-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-45" name="__codelineno-7-45" href="#__codelineno-7-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-46" name="__codelineno-7-46" href="#__codelineno-7-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-47" name="__codelineno-7-47" href="#__codelineno-7-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-48" name="__codelineno-7-48" href="#__codelineno-7-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-49" name="__codelineno-7-49" href="#__codelineno-7-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-50" name="__codelineno-7-50" href="#__codelineno-7-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-51" name="__codelineno-7-51" href="#__codelineno-7-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-52" name="__codelineno-7-52" href="#__codelineno-7-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-53" name="__codelineno-7-53" href="#__codelineno-7-53"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-54" name="__codelineno-7-54" href="#__codelineno-7-54"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-55" name="__codelineno-7-55" href="#__codelineno-7-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-56" name="__codelineno-7-56" href="#__codelineno-7-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-57" name="__codelineno-7-57" href="#__codelineno-7-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-58" name="__codelineno-7-58" href="#__codelineno-7-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-59" name="__codelineno-7-59" href="#__codelineno-7-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-60" name="__codelineno-7-60" href="#__codelineno-7-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-61" name="__codelineno-7-61" href="#__codelineno-7-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-62" name="__codelineno-7-62" href="#__codelineno-7-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-63" name="__codelineno-7-63" href="#__codelineno-7-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-64" name="__codelineno-7-64" href="#__codelineno-7-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-65" name="__codelineno-7-65" href="#__codelineno-7-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-66" name="__codelineno-7-66" href="#__codelineno-7-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-67" name="__codelineno-7-67" href="#__codelineno-7-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-68" name="__codelineno-7-68" href="#__codelineno-7-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-69" name="__codelineno-7-69" href="#__codelineno-7-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-70" name="__codelineno-7-70" href="#__codelineno-7-70"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-71" name="__codelineno-7-71" href="#__codelineno-7-71"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-72" name="__codelineno-7-72" href="#__codelineno-7-72"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-73" name="__codelineno-7-73" href="#__codelineno-7-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-74" name="__codelineno-7-74" href="#__codelineno-7-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-75" name="__codelineno-7-75" href="#__codelineno-7-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-76" name="__codelineno-7-76" href="#__codelineno-7-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-77" name="__codelineno-7-77" href="#__codelineno-7-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-78" name="__codelineno-7-78" href="#__codelineno-7-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-79" name="__codelineno-7-79" href="#__codelineno-7-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-80" name="__codelineno-7-80" href="#__codelineno-7-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-81" name="__codelineno-7-81" href="#__codelineno-7-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-82" name="__codelineno-7-82" href="#__codelineno-7-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-83" name="__codelineno-7-83" href="#__codelineno-7-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-84" name="__codelineno-7-84" href="#__codelineno-7-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-85" name="__codelineno-7-85" href="#__codelineno-7-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-86" name="__codelineno-7-86" href="#__codelineno-7-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-87" name="__codelineno-7-87" href="#__codelineno-7-87"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-88" name="__codelineno-7-88" href="#__codelineno-7-88"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-89" name="__codelineno-7-89" href="#__codelineno-7-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-90" name="__codelineno-7-90" href="#__codelineno-7-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-91" name="__codelineno-7-91" href="#__codelineno-7-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-92" name="__codelineno-7-92" href="#__codelineno-7-92"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-93" name="__codelineno-7-93" href="#__codelineno-7-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-94" name="__codelineno-7-94" href="#__codelineno-7-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-95" name="__codelineno-7-95" href="#__codelineno-7-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-96" name="__codelineno-7-96" href="#__codelineno-7-96"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-97" name="__codelineno-7-97" href="#__codelineno-7-97"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-98" name="__codelineno-7-98" href="#__codelineno-7-98"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39; -&gt; &#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-99" name="__codelineno-7-99" href="#__codelineno-7-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-100" name="__codelineno-7-100" href="#__codelineno-7-100"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-101" name="__codelineno-7-101" href="#__codelineno-7-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-102" name="__codelineno-7-102" href="#__codelineno-7-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-103" name="__codelineno-7-103" href="#__codelineno-7-103"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-36" name="__codelineno-8-36" href="#__codelineno-8-36"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-37" name="__codelineno-8-37" href="#__codelineno-8-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-38" name="__codelineno-8-38" href="#__codelineno-8-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-39" name="__codelineno-8-39" href="#__codelineno-8-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-40" name="__codelineno-8-40" href="#__codelineno-8-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-41" name="__codelineno-8-41" href="#__codelineno-8-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-42" name="__codelineno-8-42" href="#__codelineno-8-42"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-43" name="__codelineno-8-43" href="#__codelineno-8-43"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-44" name="__codelineno-8-44" href="#__codelineno-8-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-45" name="__codelineno-8-45" href="#__codelineno-8-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-46" name="__codelineno-8-46" href="#__codelineno-8-46"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-47" name="__codelineno-8-47" href="#__codelineno-8-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-48" name="__codelineno-8-48" href="#__codelineno-8-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-49" name="__codelineno-8-49" href="#__codelineno-8-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-50" name="__codelineno-8-50" href="#__codelineno-8-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-51" name="__codelineno-8-51" href="#__codelineno-8-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-52" name="__codelineno-8-52" href="#__codelineno-8-52"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-53" name="__codelineno-8-53" href="#__codelineno-8-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-54" name="__codelineno-8-54" href="#__codelineno-8-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-55" name="__codelineno-8-55" href="#__codelineno-8-55"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-56" name="__codelineno-8-56" href="#__codelineno-8-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-57" name="__codelineno-8-57" href="#__codelineno-8-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-58" name="__codelineno-8-58" href="#__codelineno-8-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-59" name="__codelineno-8-59" href="#__codelineno-8-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-60" name="__codelineno-8-60" href="#__codelineno-8-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-61" name="__codelineno-8-61" href="#__codelineno-8-61"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-62" name="__codelineno-8-62" href="#__codelineno-8-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-63" name="__codelineno-8-63" href="#__codelineno-8-63"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-64" name="__codelineno-8-64" href="#__codelineno-8-64"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-65" name="__codelineno-8-65" href="#__codelineno-8-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-66" name="__codelineno-8-66" href="#__codelineno-8-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-67" name="__codelineno-8-67" href="#__codelineno-8-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-68" name="__codelineno-8-68" href="#__codelineno-8-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-69" name="__codelineno-8-69" href="#__codelineno-8-69"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-70" name="__codelineno-8-70" href="#__codelineno-8-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-71" name="__codelineno-8-71" href="#__codelineno-8-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-72" name="__codelineno-8-72" href="#__codelineno-8-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-73" name="__codelineno-8-73" href="#__codelineno-8-73"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-74" name="__codelineno-8-74" href="#__codelineno-8-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-75" name="__codelineno-8-75" href="#__codelineno-8-75"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-76" name="__codelineno-8-76" href="#__codelineno-8-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-77" name="__codelineno-8-77" href="#__codelineno-8-77"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-78" name="__codelineno-8-78" href="#__codelineno-8-78"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-79" name="__codelineno-8-79" href="#__codelineno-8-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-80" name="__codelineno-8-80" href="#__codelineno-8-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-81" name="__codelineno-8-81" href="#__codelineno-8-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-82" name="__codelineno-8-82" href="#__codelineno-8-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-83" name="__codelineno-8-83" href="#__codelineno-8-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-84" name="__codelineno-8-84" href="#__codelineno-8-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-85" name="__codelineno-8-85" href="#__codelineno-8-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-86" name="__codelineno-8-86" href="#__codelineno-8-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-87" name="__codelineno-8-87" href="#__codelineno-8-87"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-88" name="__codelineno-8-88" href="#__codelineno-8-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-89" name="__codelineno-8-89" href="#__codelineno-8-89"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-90" name="__codelineno-8-90" href="#__codelineno-8-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-91" name="__codelineno-8-91" href="#__codelineno-8-91"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-92" name="__codelineno-8-92" href="#__codelineno-8-92"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-93" name="__codelineno-8-93" href="#__codelineno-8-93"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-94" name="__codelineno-8-94" href="#__codelineno-8-94"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-95" name="__codelineno-8-95" href="#__codelineno-8-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-96" name="__codelineno-8-96" href="#__codelineno-8-96"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-97" name="__codelineno-8-97" href="#__codelineno-8-97"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-98" name="__codelineno-8-98" href="#__codelineno-8-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"> -&gt; </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-99" name="__codelineno-8-99" href="#__codelineno-8-99"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-100" name="__codelineno-8-100" href="#__codelineno-8-100"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-101" name="__codelineno-8-101" href="#__codelineno-8-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-102" name="__codelineno-8-102" href="#__codelineno-8-102"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-103" name="__codelineno-8-103" href="#__codelineno-8-103"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">size</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">capacity</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">load_thres</span>: <span class="kt">f32</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">buckets</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">size</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">capacity</span>: <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">load_thres</span>: <span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>: <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span>: <span class="nc">vec</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">load_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">f32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f32</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-31" name="__codelineno-9-31" href="#__codelineno-9-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-32" name="__codelineno-9-32" href="#__codelineno-9-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-33" name="__codelineno-9-33" href="#__codelineno-9-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-34" name="__codelineno-9-34" href="#__codelineno-9-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-35" name="__codelineno-9-35" href="#__codelineno-9-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-37" name="__codelineno-9-37" href="#__codelineno-9-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-39" name="__codelineno-9-39" href="#__codelineno-9-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-40" name="__codelineno-9-40" href="#__codelineno-9-40"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-41" name="__codelineno-9-41" href="#__codelineno-9-41"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-42" name="__codelineno-9-42" href="#__codelineno-9-42"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-43" name="__codelineno-9-43" href="#__codelineno-9-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-44" name="__codelineno-9-44" href="#__codelineno-9-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-45" name="__codelineno-9-45" href="#__codelineno-9-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-46" name="__codelineno-9-46" href="#__codelineno-9-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-47" name="__codelineno-9-47" href="#__codelineno-9-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-48" name="__codelineno-9-48" href="#__codelineno-9-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-49" name="__codelineno-9-49" href="#__codelineno-9-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-50" name="__codelineno-9-50" href="#__codelineno-9-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-51" name="__codelineno-9-51" href="#__codelineno-9-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-52" name="__codelineno-9-52" href="#__codelineno-9-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-53" name="__codelineno-9-53" href="#__codelineno-9-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets_tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">mem</span>::<span class="n">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-54" name="__codelineno-9-54" href="#__codelineno-9-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-55" name="__codelineno-9-55" href="#__codelineno-9-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-56" name="__codelineno-9-56" href="#__codelineno-9-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-57" name="__codelineno-9-57" href="#__codelineno-9-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-58" name="__codelineno-9-58" href="#__codelineno-9-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-59" name="__codelineno-9-59" href="#__codelineno-9-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-60" name="__codelineno-9-60" href="#__codelineno-9-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-61" name="__codelineno-9-61" href="#__codelineno-9-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets_tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-62" name="__codelineno-9-62" href="#__codelineno-9-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-63" name="__codelineno-9-63" href="#__codelineno-9-63"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-64" name="__codelineno-9-64" href="#__codelineno-9-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-65" name="__codelineno-9-65" href="#__codelineno-9-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-66" name="__codelineno-9-66" href="#__codelineno-9-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-67" name="__codelineno-9-67" href="#__codelineno-9-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-68" name="__codelineno-9-68" href="#__codelineno-9-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-69" name="__codelineno-9-69" href="#__codelineno-9-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-70" name="__codelineno-9-70" href="#__codelineno-9-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-71" name="__codelineno-9-71" href="#__codelineno-9-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-72" name="__codelineno-9-72" href="#__codelineno-9-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-73" name="__codelineno-9-73" href="#__codelineno-9-73"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="fm">format!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;{} -&gt; {}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-74" name="__codelineno-9-74" href="#__codelineno-9-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-75" name="__codelineno-9-75" href="#__codelineno-9-75"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;{:?}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-76" name="__codelineno-9-76" href="#__codelineno-9-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-77" name="__codelineno-9-77" href="#__codelineno-9-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-78" name="__codelineno-9-78" href="#__codelineno-9-78"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-79" name="__codelineno-9-79" href="#__codelineno-9-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-80" name="__codelineno-9-80" href="#__codelineno-9-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-81" name="__codelineno-9-81" href="#__codelineno-9-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-82" name="__codelineno-9-82" href="#__codelineno-9-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">load_factor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-83" name="__codelineno-9-83" href="#__codelineno-9-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-84" name="__codelineno-9-84" href="#__codelineno-9-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-85" name="__codelineno-9-85" href="#__codelineno-9-85"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-86" name="__codelineno-9-86" href="#__codelineno-9-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-87" name="__codelineno-9-87" href="#__codelineno-9-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-88" name="__codelineno-9-88" href="#__codelineno-9-88"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-89" name="__codelineno-9-89" href="#__codelineno-9-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-90" name="__codelineno-9-90" href="#__codelineno-9-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-91" name="__codelineno-9-91" href="#__codelineno-9-91"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-92" name="__codelineno-9-92" href="#__codelineno-9-92"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-93" name="__codelineno-9-93" href="#__codelineno-9-93"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-94" name="__codelineno-9-94" href="#__codelineno-9-94"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-95" name="__codelineno-9-95" href="#__codelineno-9-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-96" name="__codelineno-9-96" href="#__codelineno-9-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-97" name="__codelineno-9-97" href="#__codelineno-9-97"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-98" name="__codelineno-9-98" href="#__codelineno-9-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-99" name="__codelineno-9-99" href="#__codelineno-9-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-100" name="__codelineno-9-100" href="#__codelineno-9-100"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-101" name="__codelineno-9-101" href="#__codelineno-9-101"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="nc">val</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-102" name="__codelineno-9-102" href="#__codelineno-9-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-103" name="__codelineno-9-103" href="#__codelineno-9-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-104" name="__codelineno-9-104" href="#__codelineno-9-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-105" name="__codelineno-9-105" href="#__codelineno-9-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-106" name="__codelineno-9-106" href="#__codelineno-9-106"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-107" name="__codelineno-9-107" href="#__codelineno-9-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-108" name="__codelineno-9-108" href="#__codelineno-9-108"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-109" name="__codelineno-9-109" href="#__codelineno-9-109"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-110" name="__codelineno-9-110" href="#__codelineno-9-110"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-111" name="__codelineno-9-111" href="#__codelineno-9-111"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-112" name="__codelineno-9-112" href="#__codelineno-9-112"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-113" name="__codelineno-9-113" href="#__codelineno-9-113"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-114" name="__codelineno-9-114" href="#__codelineno-9-114"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-115" name="__codelineno-9-115" href="#__codelineno-9-115"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-116" name="__codelineno-9-116" href="#__codelineno-9-116"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-117" name="__codelineno-9-117" href="#__codelineno-9-117"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-118" name="__codelineno-9-118" href="#__codelineno-9-118"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-119" name="__codelineno-9-119" href="#__codelineno-9-119"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-120" name="__codelineno-9-120" href="#__codelineno-9-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-121" name="__codelineno-9-121" href="#__codelineno-9-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-122" name="__codelineno-9-122" href="#__codelineno-9-122"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的链式地址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化桶数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newHashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 为哈希表分配空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tableSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tableSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tableSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tableSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 销毁哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delHashMapChaining</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-42" name="__codelineno-10-42" href="#__codelineno-10-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-43" name="__codelineno-10-43" href="#__codelineno-10-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-44" name="__codelineno-10-44" href="#__codelineno-10-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-45" name="__codelineno-10-45" href="#__codelineno-10-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-46" name="__codelineno-10-46" href="#__codelineno-10-46"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-47" name="__codelineno-10-47" href="#__codelineno-10-47"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-48" name="__codelineno-10-48" href="#__codelineno-10-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-49" name="__codelineno-10-49" href="#__codelineno-10-49"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-50" name="__codelineno-10-50" href="#__codelineno-10-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-51" name="__codelineno-10-51" href="#__codelineno-10-51"></a><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-52" name="__codelineno-10-52" href="#__codelineno-10-52"></a><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-53" name="__codelineno-10-53" href="#__codelineno-10-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-54" name="__codelineno-10-54" href="#__codelineno-10-54"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-55" name="__codelineno-10-55" href="#__codelineno-10-55"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-56" name="__codelineno-10-56" href="#__codelineno-10-56"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-57" name="__codelineno-10-57" href="#__codelineno-10-57"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-58" name="__codelineno-10-58" href="#__codelineno-10-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-59" name="__codelineno-10-59" href="#__codelineno-10-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-60" name="__codelineno-10-60" href="#__codelineno-10-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-61" name="__codelineno-10-61" href="#__codelineno-10-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-62" name="__codelineno-10-62" href="#__codelineno-10-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-63" name="__codelineno-10-63" href="#__codelineno-10-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 先为新节点分配空间再赋值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-64" name="__codelineno-10-64" href="#__codelineno-10-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">newNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-65" name="__codelineno-10-65" href="#__codelineno-10-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-66" name="__codelineno-10-66" href="#__codelineno-10-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newNode</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-67" name="__codelineno-10-67" href="#__codelineno-10-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newNode</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-68" name="__codelineno-10-68" href="#__codelineno-10-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">strcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">newNode</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-69" name="__codelineno-10-69" href="#__codelineno-10-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newNode</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;\0&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-70" name="__codelineno-10-70" href="#__codelineno-10-70"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-71" name="__codelineno-10-71" href="#__codelineno-10-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-72" name="__codelineno-10-72" href="#__codelineno-10-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-73" name="__codelineno-10-73" href="#__codelineno-10-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-74" name="__codelineno-10-74" href="#__codelineno-10-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newNode</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-75" name="__codelineno-10-75" href="#__codelineno-10-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-76" name="__codelineno-10-76" href="#__codelineno-10-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-77" name="__codelineno-10-77" href="#__codelineno-10-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-78" name="__codelineno-10-78" href="#__codelineno-10-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-79" name="__codelineno-10-79" href="#__codelineno-10-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-80" name="__codelineno-10-80" href="#__codelineno-10-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 释放先前分配的内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-81" name="__codelineno-10-81" href="#__codelineno-10-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-82" name="__codelineno-10-82" href="#__codelineno-10-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-83" name="__codelineno-10-83" href="#__codelineno-10-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-84" name="__codelineno-10-84" href="#__codelineno-10-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">strcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-85" name="__codelineno-10-85" href="#__codelineno-10-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;\0&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-86" name="__codelineno-10-86" href="#__codelineno-10-86"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-87" name="__codelineno-10-87" href="#__codelineno-10-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-88" name="__codelineno-10-88" href="#__codelineno-10-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-89" name="__codelineno-10-89" href="#__codelineno-10-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-90" name="__codelineno-10-90" href="#__codelineno-10-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-91" name="__codelineno-10-91" href="#__codelineno-10-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-92" name="__codelineno-10-92" href="#__codelineno-10-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-93" name="__codelineno-10-93" href="#__codelineno-10-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newNode</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-94" name="__codelineno-10-94" href="#__codelineno-10-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-95" name="__codelineno-10-95" href="#__codelineno-10-95"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-96" name="__codelineno-10-96" href="#__codelineno-10-96"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-97" name="__codelineno-10-97" href="#__codelineno-10-97"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-98" name="__codelineno-10-98" href="#__codelineno-10-98"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeItem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-99" name="__codelineno-10-99" href="#__codelineno-10-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-100" name="__codelineno-10-100" href="#__codelineno-10-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-101" name="__codelineno-10-101" href="#__codelineno-10-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-102" name="__codelineno-10-102" href="#__codelineno-10-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 保存后继的节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-103" name="__codelineno-10-103" href="#__codelineno-10-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-104" name="__codelineno-10-104" href="#__codelineno-10-104"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-105" name="__codelineno-10-105" href="#__codelineno-10-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-106" name="__codelineno-10-106" href="#__codelineno-10-106"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 如果要删除的节点是桶的第一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-107" name="__codelineno-10-107" href="#__codelineno-10-107"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-108" name="__codelineno-10-108" href="#__codelineno-10-108"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-109" name="__codelineno-10-109" href="#__codelineno-10-109"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-110" name="__codelineno-10-110" href="#__codelineno-10-110"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-111" name="__codelineno-10-111" href="#__codelineno-10-111"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-112" name="__codelineno-10-112" href="#__codelineno-10-112"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-113" name="__codelineno-10-113" href="#__codelineno-10-113"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-114" name="__codelineno-10-114" href="#__codelineno-10-114"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-115" name="__codelineno-10-115" href="#__codelineno-10-115"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-116" name="__codelineno-10-116" href="#__codelineno-10-116"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-117" name="__codelineno-10-117" href="#__codelineno-10-117"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-118" name="__codelineno-10-118" href="#__codelineno-10-118"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-119" name="__codelineno-10-119" href="#__codelineno-10-119"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-120" name="__codelineno-10-120" href="#__codelineno-10-120"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-121" name="__codelineno-10-121" href="#__codelineno-10-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-122" name="__codelineno-10-122" href="#__codelineno-10-122"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-123" name="__codelineno-10-123" href="#__codelineno-10-123"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-124" name="__codelineno-10-124" href="#__codelineno-10-124"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-125" name="__codelineno-10-125" href="#__codelineno-10-125"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-126" name="__codelineno-10-126" href="#__codelineno-10-126"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-127" name="__codelineno-10-127" href="#__codelineno-10-127"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">oldBuckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-128" name="__codelineno-10-128" href="#__codelineno-10-128"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">oldCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-129" name="__codelineno-10-129" href="#__codelineno-10-129"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-130" name="__codelineno-10-130" href="#__codelineno-10-130"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 创建新的哈希表，重新分配一段空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-131" name="__codelineno-10-131" href="#__codelineno-10-131"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-132" name="__codelineno-10-132" href="#__codelineno-10-132"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-133" name="__codelineno-10-133" href="#__codelineno-10-133"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-134" name="__codelineno-10-134" href="#__codelineno-10-134"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-135" name="__codelineno-10-135" href="#__codelineno-10-135"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-136" name="__codelineno-10-136" href="#__codelineno-10-136"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将原哈希表中的键值对重新哈希到新的哈希表中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-137" name="__codelineno-10-137" href="#__codelineno-10-137"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">oldCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-138" name="__codelineno-10-138" href="#__codelineno-10-138"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">oldBuckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-139" name="__codelineno-10-139" href="#__codelineno-10-139"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-140" name="__codelineno-10-140" href="#__codelineno-10-140"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-141" name="__codelineno-10-141" href="#__codelineno-10-141"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-142" name="__codelineno-10-142" href="#__codelineno-10-142"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-143" name="__codelineno-10-143" href="#__codelineno-10-143"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-144" name="__codelineno-10-144" href="#__codelineno-10-144"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-145" name="__codelineno-10-145" href="#__codelineno-10-145"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放原哈希表的内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-146" name="__codelineno-10-146" href="#__codelineno-10-146"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">oldCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-147" name="__codelineno-10-147" href="#__codelineno-10-147"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">oldBuckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-148" name="__codelineno-10-148" href="#__codelineno-10-148"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-149" name="__codelineno-10-149" href="#__codelineno-10-149"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-150" name="__codelineno-10-150" href="#__codelineno-10-150"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-151" name="__codelineno-10-151" href="#__codelineno-10-151"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-152" name="__codelineno-10-152" href="#__codelineno-10-152"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-153" name="__codelineno-10-153" href="#__codelineno-10-153"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-154" name="__codelineno-10-154" href="#__codelineno-10-154"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-155" name="__codelineno-10-155" href="#__codelineno-10-155"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">oldBuckets</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-156" name="__codelineno-10-156" href="#__codelineno-10-156"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-157" name="__codelineno-10-157" href="#__codelineno-10-157"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-158" name="__codelineno-10-158" href="#__codelineno-10-158"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-159" name="__codelineno-10-159" href="#__codelineno-10-159"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-160" name="__codelineno-10-160" href="#__codelineno-10-160"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-161" name="__codelineno-10-161" href="#__codelineno-10-161"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;[&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-162" name="__codelineno-10-162" href="#__codelineno-10-162"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">hashmap</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-163" name="__codelineno-10-163" href="#__codelineno-10-163"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-164" name="__codelineno-10-164" href="#__codelineno-10-164"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-165" name="__codelineno-10-165" href="#__codelineno-10-165"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-166" name="__codelineno-10-166" href="#__codelineno-10-166"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%d-&gt;%s, &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-167" name="__codelineno-10-167" href="#__codelineno-10-167"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-168" name="__codelineno-10-168" href="#__codelineno-10-168"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-169" name="__codelineno-10-169" href="#__codelineno-10-169"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-170" name="__codelineno-10-170" href="#__codelineno-10-170"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;]</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-171" name="__codelineno-10-171" href="#__codelineno-10-171"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-172" name="__codelineno-10-172" href="#__codelineno-10-172"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-173" name="__codelineno-10-173" href="#__codelineno-10-173"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4705,1269 +3504,43 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;开放寻址哈希表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span>  <span class="c1"># 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">2.0</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">3.0</span>  <span class="c1"># 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>  <span class="c1"># 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>  <span class="c1"># 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;-1&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;哈希函数&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">load_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;负载因子&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">find_bucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;搜索 key 对应的桶索引&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a>        <span class="n">first_tombstone</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a>        <span class="c1"># 线性探测，当遇到空桶时跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a>            <span class="c1"># 若遇到 key ，返回对应桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a>                <span class="c1"># 若之前遇到了删除标记，则将键值对移动至该索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a>                <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">first_tombstone</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-31" name="__codelineno-12-31" href="#__codelineno-12-31"></a>                    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">first_tombstone</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-32" name="__codelineno-12-32" href="#__codelineno-12-32"></a>                    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-33" name="__codelineno-12-33" href="#__codelineno-12-33"></a>                    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">first_tombstone</span>  <span class="c1"># 返回移动后的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-34" name="__codelineno-12-34" href="#__codelineno-12-34"></a>                <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">index</span>  <span class="c1"># 返回桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-35" name="__codelineno-12-35" href="#__codelineno-12-35"></a>            <span class="c1"># 记录遇到的首个删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-36" name="__codelineno-12-36" href="#__codelineno-12-36"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">first_tombstone</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-37" name="__codelineno-12-37" href="#__codelineno-12-37"></a>                <span class="n">first_tombstone</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">index</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-38" name="__codelineno-12-38" href="#__codelineno-12-38"></a>            <span class="c1"># 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-39" name="__codelineno-12-39" href="#__codelineno-12-39"></a>            <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-40" name="__codelineno-12-40" href="#__codelineno-12-40"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若 key 不存在，则返回添加点的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-41" name="__codelineno-12-41" href="#__codelineno-12-41"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">first_tombstone</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="n">first_tombstone</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-42" name="__codelineno-12-42" href="#__codelineno-12-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-43" name="__codelineno-12-43" href="#__codelineno-12-43"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-44" name="__codelineno-12-44" href="#__codelineno-12-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;查询操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-45" name="__codelineno-12-45" href="#__codelineno-12-45"></a>        <span class="c1"># 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-46" name="__codelineno-12-46" href="#__codelineno-12-46"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find_bucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-47" name="__codelineno-12-47" href="#__codelineno-12-47"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若找到键值对，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-48" name="__codelineno-12-48" href="#__codelineno-12-48"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-49" name="__codelineno-12-49" href="#__codelineno-12-49"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-50" name="__codelineno-12-50" href="#__codelineno-12-50"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若键值对不存在，则返回 None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-51" name="__codelineno-12-51" href="#__codelineno-12-51"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-52" name="__codelineno-12-52" href="#__codelineno-12-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-53" name="__codelineno-12-53" href="#__codelineno-12-53"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-54" name="__codelineno-12-54" href="#__codelineno-12-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;添加操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-55" name="__codelineno-12-55" href="#__codelineno-12-55"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-56" name="__codelineno-12-56" href="#__codelineno-12-56"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_factor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-57" name="__codelineno-12-57" href="#__codelineno-12-57"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-58" name="__codelineno-12-58" href="#__codelineno-12-58"></a>        <span class="c1"># 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-59" name="__codelineno-12-59" href="#__codelineno-12-59"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find_bucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-60" name="__codelineno-12-60" href="#__codelineno-12-60"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若找到键值对，则覆盖 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-61" name="__codelineno-12-61" href="#__codelineno-12-61"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-62" name="__codelineno-12-62" href="#__codelineno-12-62"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-63" name="__codelineno-12-63" href="#__codelineno-12-63"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-64" name="__codelineno-12-64" href="#__codelineno-12-64"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若键值对不存在，则添加该键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-65" name="__codelineno-12-65" href="#__codelineno-12-65"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-66" name="__codelineno-12-66" href="#__codelineno-12-66"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-67" name="__codelineno-12-67" href="#__codelineno-12-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-68" name="__codelineno-12-68" href="#__codelineno-12-68"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-69" name="__codelineno-12-69" href="#__codelineno-12-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-70" name="__codelineno-12-70" href="#__codelineno-12-70"></a>        <span class="c1"># 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-71" name="__codelineno-12-71" href="#__codelineno-12-71"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find_bucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-72" name="__codelineno-12-72" href="#__codelineno-12-72"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若找到键值对，则用删除标记覆盖它</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-73" name="__codelineno-12-73" href="#__codelineno-12-73"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-74" name="__codelineno-12-74" href="#__codelineno-12-74"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-75" name="__codelineno-12-75" href="#__codelineno-12-75"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-76" name="__codelineno-12-76" href="#__codelineno-12-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-77" name="__codelineno-12-77" href="#__codelineno-12-77"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-78" name="__codelineno-12-78" href="#__codelineno-12-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;扩容哈希表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-79" name="__codelineno-12-79" href="#__codelineno-12-79"></a>        <span class="c1"># 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-80" name="__codelineno-12-80" href="#__codelineno-12-80"></a>        <span class="n">buckets_tmp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-81" name="__codelineno-12-81" href="#__codelineno-12-81"></a>        <span class="c1"># 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-82" name="__codelineno-12-82" href="#__codelineno-12-82"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-83" name="__codelineno-12-83" href="#__codelineno-12-83"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-84" name="__codelineno-12-84" href="#__codelineno-12-84"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-85" name="__codelineno-12-85" href="#__codelineno-12-85"></a>        <span class="c1"># 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-86" name="__codelineno-12-86" href="#__codelineno-12-86"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">buckets_tmp</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-87" name="__codelineno-12-87" href="#__codelineno-12-87"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-88" name="__codelineno-12-88" href="#__codelineno-12-88"></a>                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-89" name="__codelineno-12-89" href="#__codelineno-12-89"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-90" name="__codelineno-12-90" href="#__codelineno-12-90"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-91" name="__codelineno-12-91" href="#__codelineno-12-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;打印哈希表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-92" name="__codelineno-12-92" href="#__codelineno-12-92"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-93" name="__codelineno-12-93" href="#__codelineno-12-93"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-94" name="__codelineno-12-94" href="#__codelineno-12-94"></a>                <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;None&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-95" name="__codelineno-12-95" href="#__codelineno-12-95"></a>            <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-96" name="__codelineno-12-96" href="#__codelineno-12-96"></a>                <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;TOMBSTONE&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-97" name="__codelineno-12-97" href="#__codelineno-12-97"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-98" name="__codelineno-12-98" href="#__codelineno-12-98"></a>                <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;-&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                             </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                     </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">               </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;-1&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 析构方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-35" name="__codelineno-13-35" href="#__codelineno-13-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-36" name="__codelineno-13-36" href="#__codelineno-13-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-37" name="__codelineno-13-37" href="#__codelineno-13-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-38" name="__codelineno-13-38" href="#__codelineno-13-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-39" name="__codelineno-13-39" href="#__codelineno-13-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-40" name="__codelineno-13-40" href="#__codelineno-13-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，当遇到空桶时跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-41" name="__codelineno-13-41" href="#__codelineno-13-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-42" name="__codelineno-13-42" href="#__codelineno-13-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到 key ，返回对应桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-43" name="__codelineno-13-43" href="#__codelineno-13-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-44" name="__codelineno-13-44" href="#__codelineno-13-44"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若之前遇到了删除标记，则将键值对移动至该索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-45" name="__codelineno-13-45" href="#__codelineno-13-45"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-46" name="__codelineno-13-46" href="#__codelineno-13-46"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-47" name="__codelineno-13-47" href="#__codelineno-13-47"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-48" name="__codelineno-13-48" href="#__codelineno-13-48"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回移动后的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-49" name="__codelineno-13-49" href="#__codelineno-13-49"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-50" name="__codelineno-13-50" href="#__codelineno-13-50"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-51" name="__codelineno-13-51" href="#__codelineno-13-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-52" name="__codelineno-13-52" href="#__codelineno-13-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 记录遇到的首个删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-53" name="__codelineno-13-53" href="#__codelineno-13-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-54" name="__codelineno-13-54" href="#__codelineno-13-54"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-55" name="__codelineno-13-55" href="#__codelineno-13-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-56" name="__codelineno-13-56" href="#__codelineno-13-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-57" name="__codelineno-13-57" href="#__codelineno-13-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-58" name="__codelineno-13-58" href="#__codelineno-13-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-59" name="__codelineno-13-59" href="#__codelineno-13-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若 key 不存在，则返回添加点的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-60" name="__codelineno-13-60" href="#__codelineno-13-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-61" name="__codelineno-13-61" href="#__codelineno-13-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-62" name="__codelineno-13-62" href="#__codelineno-13-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-63" name="__codelineno-13-63" href="#__codelineno-13-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-64" name="__codelineno-13-64" href="#__codelineno-13-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-65" name="__codelineno-13-65" href="#__codelineno-13-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-66" name="__codelineno-13-66" href="#__codelineno-13-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-67" name="__codelineno-13-67" href="#__codelineno-13-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-68" name="__codelineno-13-68" href="#__codelineno-13-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-69" name="__codelineno-13-69" href="#__codelineno-13-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-70" name="__codelineno-13-70" href="#__codelineno-13-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-71" name="__codelineno-13-71" href="#__codelineno-13-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则返回空字符串</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-72" name="__codelineno-13-72" href="#__codelineno-13-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-73" name="__codelineno-13-73" href="#__codelineno-13-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-74" name="__codelineno-13-74" href="#__codelineno-13-74"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-75" name="__codelineno-13-75" href="#__codelineno-13-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-76" name="__codelineno-13-76" href="#__codelineno-13-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-77" name="__codelineno-13-77" href="#__codelineno-13-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-78" name="__codelineno-13-78" href="#__codelineno-13-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-79" name="__codelineno-13-79" href="#__codelineno-13-79"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-80" name="__codelineno-13-80" href="#__codelineno-13-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-81" name="__codelineno-13-81" href="#__codelineno-13-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-82" name="__codelineno-13-82" href="#__codelineno-13-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-83" name="__codelineno-13-83" href="#__codelineno-13-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则覆盖 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-84" name="__codelineno-13-84" href="#__codelineno-13-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-85" name="__codelineno-13-85" href="#__codelineno-13-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-86" name="__codelineno-13-86" href="#__codelineno-13-86"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-87" name="__codelineno-13-87" href="#__codelineno-13-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-88" name="__codelineno-13-88" href="#__codelineno-13-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则添加该键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-89" name="__codelineno-13-89" href="#__codelineno-13-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-90" name="__codelineno-13-90" href="#__codelineno-13-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-91" name="__codelineno-13-91" href="#__codelineno-13-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-92" name="__codelineno-13-92" href="#__codelineno-13-92"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-93" name="__codelineno-13-93" href="#__codelineno-13-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-94" name="__codelineno-13-94" href="#__codelineno-13-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-95" name="__codelineno-13-95" href="#__codelineno-13-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-96" name="__codelineno-13-96" href="#__codelineno-13-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-97" name="__codelineno-13-97" href="#__codelineno-13-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则用删除标记覆盖它</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-98" name="__codelineno-13-98" href="#__codelineno-13-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-99" name="__codelineno-13-99" href="#__codelineno-13-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-100" name="__codelineno-13-100" href="#__codelineno-13-100"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-101" name="__codelineno-13-101" href="#__codelineno-13-101"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-102" name="__codelineno-13-102" href="#__codelineno-13-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-103" name="__codelineno-13-103" href="#__codelineno-13-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-104" name="__codelineno-13-104" href="#__codelineno-13-104"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-105" name="__codelineno-13-105" href="#__codelineno-13-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-106" name="__codelineno-13-106" href="#__codelineno-13-106"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-107" name="__codelineno-13-107" href="#__codelineno-13-107"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-108" name="__codelineno-13-108" href="#__codelineno-13-108"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-109" name="__codelineno-13-109" href="#__codelineno-13-109"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-110" name="__codelineno-13-110" href="#__codelineno-13-110"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-111" name="__codelineno-13-111" href="#__codelineno-13-111"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-112" name="__codelineno-13-112" href="#__codelineno-13-112"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-113" name="__codelineno-13-113" href="#__codelineno-13-113"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-114" name="__codelineno-13-114" href="#__codelineno-13-114"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-115" name="__codelineno-13-115" href="#__codelineno-13-115"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-116" name="__codelineno-13-116" href="#__codelineno-13-116"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-117" name="__codelineno-13-117" href="#__codelineno-13-117"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-118" name="__codelineno-13-118" href="#__codelineno-13-118"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-119" name="__codelineno-13-119" href="#__codelineno-13-119"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-120" name="__codelineno-13-120" href="#__codelineno-13-120"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-121" name="__codelineno-13-121" href="#__codelineno-13-121"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-122" name="__codelineno-13-122" href="#__codelineno-13-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-123" name="__codelineno-13-123" href="#__codelineno-13-123"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-124" name="__codelineno-13-124" href="#__codelineno-13-124"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-125" name="__codelineno-13-125" href="#__codelineno-13-125"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-126" name="__codelineno-13-126" href="#__codelineno-13-126"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;nullptr&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-127" name="__codelineno-13-127" href="#__codelineno-13-127"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-128" name="__codelineno-13-128" href="#__codelineno-13-128"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;TOMBSTONE&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-129" name="__codelineno-13-129" href="#__codelineno-13-129"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-130" name="__codelineno-13-130" href="#__codelineno-13-130"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-131" name="__codelineno-13-131" href="#__codelineno-13-131"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-132" name="__codelineno-13-132" href="#__codelineno-13-132"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-133" name="__codelineno-13-133" href="#__codelineno-13-133"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-134" name="__codelineno-13-134" href="#__codelineno-13-134"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;-1&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，当遇到空桶时跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到 key ，返回对应桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-34" name="__codelineno-14-34" href="#__codelineno-14-34"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若之前遇到了删除标记，则将键值对移动至该索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-35" name="__codelineno-14-35" href="#__codelineno-14-35"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-36" name="__codelineno-14-36" href="#__codelineno-14-36"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-37" name="__codelineno-14-37" href="#__codelineno-14-37"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-38" name="__codelineno-14-38" href="#__codelineno-14-38"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回移动后的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-39" name="__codelineno-14-39" href="#__codelineno-14-39"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-40" name="__codelineno-14-40" href="#__codelineno-14-40"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-41" name="__codelineno-14-41" href="#__codelineno-14-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-42" name="__codelineno-14-42" href="#__codelineno-14-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 记录遇到的首个删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-43" name="__codelineno-14-43" href="#__codelineno-14-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-44" name="__codelineno-14-44" href="#__codelineno-14-44"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-45" name="__codelineno-14-45" href="#__codelineno-14-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-46" name="__codelineno-14-46" href="#__codelineno-14-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-47" name="__codelineno-14-47" href="#__codelineno-14-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-48" name="__codelineno-14-48" href="#__codelineno-14-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-49" name="__codelineno-14-49" href="#__codelineno-14-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若 key 不存在，则返回添加点的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-50" name="__codelineno-14-50" href="#__codelineno-14-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-51" name="__codelineno-14-51" href="#__codelineno-14-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-52" name="__codelineno-14-52" href="#__codelineno-14-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-53" name="__codelineno-14-53" href="#__codelineno-14-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-54" name="__codelineno-14-54" href="#__codelineno-14-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-55" name="__codelineno-14-55" href="#__codelineno-14-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-56" name="__codelineno-14-56" href="#__codelineno-14-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-57" name="__codelineno-14-57" href="#__codelineno-14-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-58" name="__codelineno-14-58" href="#__codelineno-14-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-59" name="__codelineno-14-59" href="#__codelineno-14-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-60" name="__codelineno-14-60" href="#__codelineno-14-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-61" name="__codelineno-14-61" href="#__codelineno-14-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-62" name="__codelineno-14-62" href="#__codelineno-14-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-63" name="__codelineno-14-63" href="#__codelineno-14-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-64" name="__codelineno-14-64" href="#__codelineno-14-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-65" name="__codelineno-14-65" href="#__codelineno-14-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-66" name="__codelineno-14-66" href="#__codelineno-14-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-67" name="__codelineno-14-67" href="#__codelineno-14-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-68" name="__codelineno-14-68" href="#__codelineno-14-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-69" name="__codelineno-14-69" href="#__codelineno-14-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-70" name="__codelineno-14-70" href="#__codelineno-14-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-71" name="__codelineno-14-71" href="#__codelineno-14-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-72" name="__codelineno-14-72" href="#__codelineno-14-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-73" name="__codelineno-14-73" href="#__codelineno-14-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则覆盖 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-74" name="__codelineno-14-74" href="#__codelineno-14-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-75" name="__codelineno-14-75" href="#__codelineno-14-75"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-76" name="__codelineno-14-76" href="#__codelineno-14-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-77" name="__codelineno-14-77" href="#__codelineno-14-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-78" name="__codelineno-14-78" href="#__codelineno-14-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则添加该键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-79" name="__codelineno-14-79" href="#__codelineno-14-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-80" name="__codelineno-14-80" href="#__codelineno-14-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-81" name="__codelineno-14-81" href="#__codelineno-14-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-82" name="__codelineno-14-82" href="#__codelineno-14-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-83" name="__codelineno-14-83" href="#__codelineno-14-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-84" name="__codelineno-14-84" href="#__codelineno-14-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-85" name="__codelineno-14-85" href="#__codelineno-14-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-86" name="__codelineno-14-86" href="#__codelineno-14-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-87" name="__codelineno-14-87" href="#__codelineno-14-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则用删除标记覆盖它</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-88" name="__codelineno-14-88" href="#__codelineno-14-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-89" name="__codelineno-14-89" href="#__codelineno-14-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-90" name="__codelineno-14-90" href="#__codelineno-14-90"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-91" name="__codelineno-14-91" href="#__codelineno-14-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-92" name="__codelineno-14-92" href="#__codelineno-14-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-93" name="__codelineno-14-93" href="#__codelineno-14-93"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-94" name="__codelineno-14-94" href="#__codelineno-14-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-95" name="__codelineno-14-95" href="#__codelineno-14-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-96" name="__codelineno-14-96" href="#__codelineno-14-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-97" name="__codelineno-14-97" href="#__codelineno-14-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-98" name="__codelineno-14-98" href="#__codelineno-14-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-99" name="__codelineno-14-99" href="#__codelineno-14-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-100" name="__codelineno-14-100" href="#__codelineno-14-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-101" name="__codelineno-14-101" href="#__codelineno-14-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-102" name="__codelineno-14-102" href="#__codelineno-14-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-103" name="__codelineno-14-103" href="#__codelineno-14-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-104" name="__codelineno-14-104" href="#__codelineno-14-104"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-105" name="__codelineno-14-105" href="#__codelineno-14-105"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-106" name="__codelineno-14-106" href="#__codelineno-14-106"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-107" name="__codelineno-14-107" href="#__codelineno-14-107"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-108" name="__codelineno-14-108" href="#__codelineno-14-108"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-109" name="__codelineno-14-109" href="#__codelineno-14-109"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-110" name="__codelineno-14-110" href="#__codelineno-14-110"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-111" name="__codelineno-14-111" href="#__codelineno-14-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-112" name="__codelineno-14-112" href="#__codelineno-14-112"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-113" name="__codelineno-14-113" href="#__codelineno-14-113"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-114" name="__codelineno-14-114" href="#__codelineno-14-114"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-115" name="__codelineno-14-115" href="#__codelineno-14-115"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-116" name="__codelineno-14-116" href="#__codelineno-14-116"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;TOMBSTONE&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-117" name="__codelineno-14-117" href="#__codelineno-14-117"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-118" name="__codelineno-14-118" href="#__codelineno-14-118"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-119" name="__codelineno-14-119" href="#__codelineno-14-119"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-120" name="__codelineno-14-120" href="#__codelineno-14-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-121" name="__codelineno-14-121" href="#__codelineno-14-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-122" name="__codelineno-14-122" href="#__codelineno-14-122"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;-1&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，当遇到空桶时跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到 key ，返回对应桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-34" name="__codelineno-15-34" href="#__codelineno-15-34"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若之前遇到了删除标记，则将键值对移动至该索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-35" name="__codelineno-15-35" href="#__codelineno-15-35"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-36" name="__codelineno-15-36" href="#__codelineno-15-36"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-37" name="__codelineno-15-37" href="#__codelineno-15-37"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-38" name="__codelineno-15-38" href="#__codelineno-15-38"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回移动后的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-39" name="__codelineno-15-39" href="#__codelineno-15-39"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-40" name="__codelineno-15-40" href="#__codelineno-15-40"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-41" name="__codelineno-15-41" href="#__codelineno-15-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-42" name="__codelineno-15-42" href="#__codelineno-15-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 记录遇到的首个删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-43" name="__codelineno-15-43" href="#__codelineno-15-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-44" name="__codelineno-15-44" href="#__codelineno-15-44"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-45" name="__codelineno-15-45" href="#__codelineno-15-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-46" name="__codelineno-15-46" href="#__codelineno-15-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-47" name="__codelineno-15-47" href="#__codelineno-15-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-48" name="__codelineno-15-48" href="#__codelineno-15-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-49" name="__codelineno-15-49" href="#__codelineno-15-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若 key 不存在，则返回添加点的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-50" name="__codelineno-15-50" href="#__codelineno-15-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-51" name="__codelineno-15-51" href="#__codelineno-15-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-52" name="__codelineno-15-52" href="#__codelineno-15-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-53" name="__codelineno-15-53" href="#__codelineno-15-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-54" name="__codelineno-15-54" href="#__codelineno-15-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-55" name="__codelineno-15-55" href="#__codelineno-15-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-56" name="__codelineno-15-56" href="#__codelineno-15-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-57" name="__codelineno-15-57" href="#__codelineno-15-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-58" name="__codelineno-15-58" href="#__codelineno-15-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-59" name="__codelineno-15-59" href="#__codelineno-15-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-60" name="__codelineno-15-60" href="#__codelineno-15-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-61" name="__codelineno-15-61" href="#__codelineno-15-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-62" name="__codelineno-15-62" href="#__codelineno-15-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-63" name="__codelineno-15-63" href="#__codelineno-15-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-64" name="__codelineno-15-64" href="#__codelineno-15-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-65" name="__codelineno-15-65" href="#__codelineno-15-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-66" name="__codelineno-15-66" href="#__codelineno-15-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-67" name="__codelineno-15-67" href="#__codelineno-15-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-68" name="__codelineno-15-68" href="#__codelineno-15-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-69" name="__codelineno-15-69" href="#__codelineno-15-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-70" name="__codelineno-15-70" href="#__codelineno-15-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-71" name="__codelineno-15-71" href="#__codelineno-15-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-72" name="__codelineno-15-72" href="#__codelineno-15-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-73" name="__codelineno-15-73" href="#__codelineno-15-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则覆盖 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-74" name="__codelineno-15-74" href="#__codelineno-15-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-75" name="__codelineno-15-75" href="#__codelineno-15-75"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-76" name="__codelineno-15-76" href="#__codelineno-15-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-77" name="__codelineno-15-77" href="#__codelineno-15-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-78" name="__codelineno-15-78" href="#__codelineno-15-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则添加该键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-79" name="__codelineno-15-79" href="#__codelineno-15-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-80" name="__codelineno-15-80" href="#__codelineno-15-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-81" name="__codelineno-15-81" href="#__codelineno-15-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-82" name="__codelineno-15-82" href="#__codelineno-15-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-83" name="__codelineno-15-83" href="#__codelineno-15-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-84" name="__codelineno-15-84" href="#__codelineno-15-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-85" name="__codelineno-15-85" href="#__codelineno-15-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-86" name="__codelineno-15-86" href="#__codelineno-15-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-87" name="__codelineno-15-87" href="#__codelineno-15-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则用删除标记覆盖它</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-88" name="__codelineno-15-88" href="#__codelineno-15-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-89" name="__codelineno-15-89" href="#__codelineno-15-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-90" name="__codelineno-15-90" href="#__codelineno-15-90"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-91" name="__codelineno-15-91" href="#__codelineno-15-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-92" name="__codelineno-15-92" href="#__codelineno-15-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-93" name="__codelineno-15-93" href="#__codelineno-15-93"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-94" name="__codelineno-15-94" href="#__codelineno-15-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-95" name="__codelineno-15-95" href="#__codelineno-15-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-96" name="__codelineno-15-96" href="#__codelineno-15-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-97" name="__codelineno-15-97" href="#__codelineno-15-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-98" name="__codelineno-15-98" href="#__codelineno-15-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-99" name="__codelineno-15-99" href="#__codelineno-15-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-100" name="__codelineno-15-100" href="#__codelineno-15-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-101" name="__codelineno-15-101" href="#__codelineno-15-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-102" name="__codelineno-15-102" href="#__codelineno-15-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-103" name="__codelineno-15-103" href="#__codelineno-15-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-104" name="__codelineno-15-104" href="#__codelineno-15-104"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-105" name="__codelineno-15-105" href="#__codelineno-15-105"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-106" name="__codelineno-15-106" href="#__codelineno-15-106"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-107" name="__codelineno-15-107" href="#__codelineno-15-107"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-108" name="__codelineno-15-108" href="#__codelineno-15-108"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-109" name="__codelineno-15-109" href="#__codelineno-15-109"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-110" name="__codelineno-15-110" href="#__codelineno-15-110"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-111" name="__codelineno-15-111" href="#__codelineno-15-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-112" name="__codelineno-15-112" href="#__codelineno-15-112"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-113" name="__codelineno-15-113" href="#__codelineno-15-113"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-114" name="__codelineno-15-114" href="#__codelineno-15-114"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-115" name="__codelineno-15-115" href="#__codelineno-15-115"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-116" name="__codelineno-15-116" href="#__codelineno-15-116"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;TOMBSTONE&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-117" name="__codelineno-15-117" href="#__codelineno-15-117"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-118" name="__codelineno-15-118" href="#__codelineno-15-118"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-119" name="__codelineno-15-119" href="#__codelineno-15-119"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-120" name="__codelineno-15-120" href="#__codelineno-15-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-121" name="__codelineno-15-121" href="#__codelineno-15-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-122" name="__codelineno-15-122" href="#__codelineno-15-122"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newHashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;-1&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">},</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-35" name="__codelineno-16-35" href="#__codelineno-16-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-36" name="__codelineno-16-36" href="#__codelineno-16-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-37" name="__codelineno-16-37" href="#__codelineno-16-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-38" name="__codelineno-16-38" href="#__codelineno-16-38"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-39" name="__codelineno-16-39" href="#__codelineno-16-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-40" name="__codelineno-16-40" href="#__codelineno-16-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-41" name="__codelineno-16-41" href="#__codelineno-16-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-42" name="__codelineno-16-42" href="#__codelineno-16-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-43" name="__codelineno-16-43" href="#__codelineno-16-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-44" name="__codelineno-16-44" href="#__codelineno-16-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-45" name="__codelineno-16-45" href="#__codelineno-16-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-46" name="__codelineno-16-46" href="#__codelineno-16-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-47" name="__codelineno-16-47" href="#__codelineno-16-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-48" name="__codelineno-16-48" href="#__codelineno-16-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-49" name="__codelineno-16-49" href="#__codelineno-16-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-50" name="__codelineno-16-50" href="#__codelineno-16-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-51" name="__codelineno-16-51" href="#__codelineno-16-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-52" name="__codelineno-16-52" href="#__codelineno-16-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-53" name="__codelineno-16-53" href="#__codelineno-16-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回空字符串</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-54" name="__codelineno-16-54" href="#__codelineno-16-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-55" name="__codelineno-16-55" href="#__codelineno-16-55"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-56" name="__codelineno-16-56" href="#__codelineno-16-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-57" name="__codelineno-16-57" href="#__codelineno-16-57"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-58" name="__codelineno-16-58" href="#__codelineno-16-58"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-59" name="__codelineno-16-59" href="#__codelineno-16-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-60" name="__codelineno-16-60" href="#__codelineno-16-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-61" name="__codelineno-16-61" href="#__codelineno-16-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-62" name="__codelineno-16-62" href="#__codelineno-16-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-63" name="__codelineno-16-63" href="#__codelineno-16-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-64" name="__codelineno-16-64" href="#__codelineno-16-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-65" name="__codelineno-16-65" href="#__codelineno-16-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-66" name="__codelineno-16-66" href="#__codelineno-16-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-67" name="__codelineno-16-67" href="#__codelineno-16-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-68" name="__codelineno-16-68" href="#__codelineno-16-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-69" name="__codelineno-16-69" href="#__codelineno-16-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-70" name="__codelineno-16-70" href="#__codelineno-16-70"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-71" name="__codelineno-16-71" href="#__codelineno-16-71"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-72" name="__codelineno-16-72" href="#__codelineno-16-72"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-73" name="__codelineno-16-73" href="#__codelineno-16-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-74" name="__codelineno-16-74" href="#__codelineno-16-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-75" name="__codelineno-16-75" href="#__codelineno-16-75"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-76" name="__codelineno-16-76" href="#__codelineno-16-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-77" name="__codelineno-16-77" href="#__codelineno-16-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-78" name="__codelineno-16-78" href="#__codelineno-16-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-79" name="__codelineno-16-79" href="#__codelineno-16-79"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-80" name="__codelineno-16-80" href="#__codelineno-16-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-81" name="__codelineno-16-81" href="#__codelineno-16-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-82" name="__codelineno-16-82" href="#__codelineno-16-82"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-83" name="__codelineno-16-83" href="#__codelineno-16-83"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-84" name="__codelineno-16-84" href="#__codelineno-16-84"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-85" name="__codelineno-16-85" href="#__codelineno-16-85"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-86" name="__codelineno-16-86" href="#__codelineno-16-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-87" name="__codelineno-16-87" href="#__codelineno-16-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-88" name="__codelineno-16-88" href="#__codelineno-16-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-89" name="__codelineno-16-89" href="#__codelineno-16-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-90" name="__codelineno-16-90" href="#__codelineno-16-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-91" name="__codelineno-16-91" href="#__codelineno-16-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-92" name="__codelineno-16-92" href="#__codelineno-16-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-93" name="__codelineno-16-93" href="#__codelineno-16-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-94" name="__codelineno-16-94" href="#__codelineno-16-94"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-95" name="__codelineno-16-95" href="#__codelineno-16-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-96" name="__codelineno-16-96" href="#__codelineno-16-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-97" name="__codelineno-16-97" href="#__codelineno-16-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-98" name="__codelineno-16-98" href="#__codelineno-16-98"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removed</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-99" name="__codelineno-16-99" href="#__codelineno-16-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-100" name="__codelineno-16-100" href="#__codelineno-16-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-101" name="__codelineno-16-101" href="#__codelineno-16-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-102" name="__codelineno-16-102" href="#__codelineno-16-102"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-103" name="__codelineno-16-103" href="#__codelineno-16-103"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-104" name="__codelineno-16-104" href="#__codelineno-16-104"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-105" name="__codelineno-16-105" href="#__codelineno-16-105"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-106" name="__codelineno-16-106" href="#__codelineno-16-106"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-107" name="__codelineno-16-107" href="#__codelineno-16-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-108" name="__codelineno-16-108" href="#__codelineno-16-108"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-109" name="__codelineno-16-109" href="#__codelineno-16-109"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-110" name="__codelineno-16-110" href="#__codelineno-16-110"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-111" name="__codelineno-16-111" href="#__codelineno-16-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-112" name="__codelineno-16-112" href="#__codelineno-16-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-113" name="__codelineno-16-113" href="#__codelineno-16-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-114" name="__codelineno-16-114" href="#__codelineno-16-114"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-115" name="__codelineno-16-115" href="#__codelineno-16-115"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-116" name="__codelineno-16-116" href="#__codelineno-16-116"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-117" name="__codelineno-16-117" href="#__codelineno-16-117"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-118" name="__codelineno-16-118" href="#__codelineno-16-118"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-119" name="__codelineno-16-119" href="#__codelineno-16-119"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-120" name="__codelineno-16-120" href="#__codelineno-16-120"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-121" name="__codelineno-16-121" href="#__codelineno-16-121"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-122" name="__codelineno-16-122" href="#__codelineno-16-122"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-123" name="__codelineno-16-123" href="#__codelineno-16-123"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-124" name="__codelineno-16-124" href="#__codelineno-16-124"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-125" name="__codelineno-16-125" href="#__codelineno-16-125"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-126" name="__codelineno-16-126" href="#__codelineno-16-126"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">strconv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Itoa</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-127" name="__codelineno-16-127" href="#__codelineno-16-127"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-128" name="__codelineno-16-128" href="#__codelineno-16-128"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;nil&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-129" name="__codelineno-16-129" href="#__codelineno-16-129"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-130" name="__codelineno-16-130" href="#__codelineno-16-130"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-131" name="__codelineno-16-131" href="#__codelineno-16-131"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">loadThres</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Double</span> <span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">?]</span> <span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Pair</span> <span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>        <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>        <span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>        <span class="n">loadThres</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mf">2.0</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">3.0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>        <span class="n">extendRatio</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>        <span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;-1&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>        <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Double</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>        <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">firstTombstone</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-34" name="__codelineno-17-34" href="#__codelineno-17-34"></a>        <span class="c1">// 线性探测，当遇到空桶时跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-35" name="__codelineno-17-35" href="#__codelineno-17-35"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-36" name="__codelineno-17-36" href="#__codelineno-17-36"></a>            <span class="c1">// 若遇到 key ，返回对应桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-37" name="__codelineno-17-37" href="#__codelineno-17-37"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-38" name="__codelineno-17-38" href="#__codelineno-17-38"></a>                <span class="c1">// 若之前遇到了删除标记，则将键值对移动至该索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-39" name="__codelineno-17-39" href="#__codelineno-17-39"></a>                <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">firstTombstone</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-40" name="__codelineno-17-40" href="#__codelineno-17-40"></a>                    <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-41" name="__codelineno-17-41" href="#__codelineno-17-41"></a>                    <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-42" name="__codelineno-17-42" href="#__codelineno-17-42"></a>                    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">firstTombstone</span> <span class="c1">// 返回移动后的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-43" name="__codelineno-17-43" href="#__codelineno-17-43"></a>                <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-44" name="__codelineno-17-44" href="#__codelineno-17-44"></a>                <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="c1">// 返回桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-45" name="__codelineno-17-45" href="#__codelineno-17-45"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-46" name="__codelineno-17-46" href="#__codelineno-17-46"></a>            <span class="c1">// 记录遇到的首个删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-47" name="__codelineno-17-47" href="#__codelineno-17-47"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">firstTombstone</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-48" name="__codelineno-17-48" href="#__codelineno-17-48"></a>                <span class="n">firstTombstone</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">index</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-49" name="__codelineno-17-49" href="#__codelineno-17-49"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-50" name="__codelineno-17-50" href="#__codelineno-17-50"></a>            <span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-51" name="__codelineno-17-51" href="#__codelineno-17-51"></a>            <span class="n">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-52" name="__codelineno-17-52" href="#__codelineno-17-52"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-53" name="__codelineno-17-53" href="#__codelineno-17-53"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若 key 不存在，则返回添加点的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-54" name="__codelineno-17-54" href="#__codelineno-17-54"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">firstTombstone</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">firstTombstone</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-55" name="__codelineno-17-55" href="#__codelineno-17-55"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-56" name="__codelineno-17-56" href="#__codelineno-17-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-57" name="__codelineno-17-57" href="#__codelineno-17-57"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-58" name="__codelineno-17-58" href="#__codelineno-17-58"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-59" name="__codelineno-17-59" href="#__codelineno-17-59"></a>        <span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-60" name="__codelineno-17-60" href="#__codelineno-17-60"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-61" name="__codelineno-17-61" href="#__codelineno-17-61"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-62" name="__codelineno-17-62" href="#__codelineno-17-62"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-63" name="__codelineno-17-63" href="#__codelineno-17-63"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-64" name="__codelineno-17-64" href="#__codelineno-17-64"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-65" name="__codelineno-17-65" href="#__codelineno-17-65"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-66" name="__codelineno-17-66" href="#__codelineno-17-66"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-67" name="__codelineno-17-67" href="#__codelineno-17-67"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-68" name="__codelineno-17-68" href="#__codelineno-17-68"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-69" name="__codelineno-17-69" href="#__codelineno-17-69"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-70" name="__codelineno-17-70" href="#__codelineno-17-70"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-71" name="__codelineno-17-71" href="#__codelineno-17-71"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-72" name="__codelineno-17-72" href="#__codelineno-17-72"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">loadThres</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-73" name="__codelineno-17-73" href="#__codelineno-17-73"></a>            <span class="bp">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-74" name="__codelineno-17-74" href="#__codelineno-17-74"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-75" name="__codelineno-17-75" href="#__codelineno-17-75"></a>        <span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-76" name="__codelineno-17-76" href="#__codelineno-17-76"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-77" name="__codelineno-17-77" href="#__codelineno-17-77"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则覆盖 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-78" name="__codelineno-17-78" href="#__codelineno-17-78"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-79" name="__codelineno-17-79" href="#__codelineno-17-79"></a>            <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-80" name="__codelineno-17-80" href="#__codelineno-17-80"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-81" name="__codelineno-17-81" href="#__codelineno-17-81"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-82" name="__codelineno-17-82" href="#__codelineno-17-82"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则添加该键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-83" name="__codelineno-17-83" href="#__codelineno-17-83"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-84" name="__codelineno-17-84" href="#__codelineno-17-84"></a>        <span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-85" name="__codelineno-17-85" href="#__codelineno-17-85"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-86" name="__codelineno-17-86" href="#__codelineno-17-86"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-87" name="__codelineno-17-87" href="#__codelineno-17-87"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-88" name="__codelineno-17-88" href="#__codelineno-17-88"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-89" name="__codelineno-17-89" href="#__codelineno-17-89"></a>        <span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-90" name="__codelineno-17-90" href="#__codelineno-17-90"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-91" name="__codelineno-17-91" href="#__codelineno-17-91"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则用删除标记覆盖它</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-92" name="__codelineno-17-92" href="#__codelineno-17-92"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-93" name="__codelineno-17-93" href="#__codelineno-17-93"></a>            <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-94" name="__codelineno-17-94" href="#__codelineno-17-94"></a>            <span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-95" name="__codelineno-17-95" href="#__codelineno-17-95"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-96" name="__codelineno-17-96" href="#__codelineno-17-96"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-97" name="__codelineno-17-97" href="#__codelineno-17-97"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-98" name="__codelineno-17-98" href="#__codelineno-17-98"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-99" name="__codelineno-17-99" href="#__codelineno-17-99"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-100" name="__codelineno-17-100" href="#__codelineno-17-100"></a>        <span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-101" name="__codelineno-17-101" href="#__codelineno-17-101"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucketsTmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-102" name="__codelineno-17-102" href="#__codelineno-17-102"></a>        <span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-103" name="__codelineno-17-103" href="#__codelineno-17-103"></a>        <span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="n">extendRatio</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-104" name="__codelineno-17-104" href="#__codelineno-17-104"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-105" name="__codelineno-17-105" href="#__codelineno-17-105"></a>        <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-106" name="__codelineno-17-106" href="#__codelineno-17-106"></a>        <span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-107" name="__codelineno-17-107" href="#__codelineno-17-107"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucketsTmp</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-108" name="__codelineno-17-108" href="#__codelineno-17-108"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-109" name="__codelineno-17-109" href="#__codelineno-17-109"></a>                <span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-110" name="__codelineno-17-110" href="#__codelineno-17-110"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-111" name="__codelineno-17-111" href="#__codelineno-17-111"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-112" name="__codelineno-17-112" href="#__codelineno-17-112"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-113" name="__codelineno-17-113" href="#__codelineno-17-113"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-114" name="__codelineno-17-114" href="#__codelineno-17-114"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-115" name="__codelineno-17-115" href="#__codelineno-17-115"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-116" name="__codelineno-17-116" href="#__codelineno-17-116"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-117" name="__codelineno-17-117" href="#__codelineno-17-117"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-118" name="__codelineno-17-118" href="#__codelineno-17-118"></a>                <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-119" name="__codelineno-17-119" href="#__codelineno-17-119"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-120" name="__codelineno-17-120" href="#__codelineno-17-120"></a>                <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;TOMBSTONE&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-121" name="__codelineno-17-121" href="#__codelineno-17-121"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-122" name="__codelineno-17-122" href="#__codelineno-17-122"></a>                <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s"> -&gt; </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-123" name="__codelineno-17-123" href="#__codelineno-17-123"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-124" name="__codelineno-17-124" href="#__codelineno-17-124"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-125" name="__codelineno-17-125" href="#__codelineno-17-125"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-126" name="__codelineno-17-126" href="#__codelineno-17-126"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;-1&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-34" name="__codelineno-18-34" href="#__codelineno-18-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-35" name="__codelineno-18-35" href="#__codelineno-18-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-36" name="__codelineno-18-36" href="#__codelineno-18-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-37" name="__codelineno-18-37" href="#__codelineno-18-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-38" name="__codelineno-18-38" href="#__codelineno-18-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-39" name="__codelineno-18-39" href="#__codelineno-18-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-40" name="__codelineno-18-40" href="#__codelineno-18-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-41" name="__codelineno-18-41" href="#__codelineno-18-41"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-42" name="__codelineno-18-42" href="#__codelineno-18-42"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-43" name="__codelineno-18-43" href="#__codelineno-18-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-44" name="__codelineno-18-44" href="#__codelineno-18-44"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-45" name="__codelineno-18-45" href="#__codelineno-18-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-46" name="__codelineno-18-46" href="#__codelineno-18-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-47" name="__codelineno-18-47" href="#__codelineno-18-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-48" name="__codelineno-18-48" href="#__codelineno-18-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-49" name="__codelineno-18-49" href="#__codelineno-18-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-50" name="__codelineno-18-50" href="#__codelineno-18-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-51" name="__codelineno-18-51" href="#__codelineno-18-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-52" name="__codelineno-18-52" href="#__codelineno-18-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-53" name="__codelineno-18-53" href="#__codelineno-18-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-54" name="__codelineno-18-54" href="#__codelineno-18-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-55" name="__codelineno-18-55" href="#__codelineno-18-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-56" name="__codelineno-18-56" href="#__codelineno-18-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-57" name="__codelineno-18-57" href="#__codelineno-18-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-58" name="__codelineno-18-58" href="#__codelineno-18-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-59" name="__codelineno-18-59" href="#__codelineno-18-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-60" name="__codelineno-18-60" href="#__codelineno-18-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-61" name="__codelineno-18-61" href="#__codelineno-18-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-62" name="__codelineno-18-62" href="#__codelineno-18-62"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-63" name="__codelineno-18-63" href="#__codelineno-18-63"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-64" name="__codelineno-18-64" href="#__codelineno-18-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-65" name="__codelineno-18-65" href="#__codelineno-18-65"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-66" name="__codelineno-18-66" href="#__codelineno-18-66"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-67" name="__codelineno-18-67" href="#__codelineno-18-67"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-68" name="__codelineno-18-68" href="#__codelineno-18-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-69" name="__codelineno-18-69" href="#__codelineno-18-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-70" name="__codelineno-18-70" href="#__codelineno-18-70"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-71" name="__codelineno-18-71" href="#__codelineno-18-71"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-72" name="__codelineno-18-72" href="#__codelineno-18-72"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-73" name="__codelineno-18-73" href="#__codelineno-18-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-74" name="__codelineno-18-74" href="#__codelineno-18-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-75" name="__codelineno-18-75" href="#__codelineno-18-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-76" name="__codelineno-18-76" href="#__codelineno-18-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-77" name="__codelineno-18-77" href="#__codelineno-18-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-78" name="__codelineno-18-78" href="#__codelineno-18-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-79" name="__codelineno-18-79" href="#__codelineno-18-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-80" name="__codelineno-18-80" href="#__codelineno-18-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-81" name="__codelineno-18-81" href="#__codelineno-18-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-82" name="__codelineno-18-82" href="#__codelineno-18-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-83" name="__codelineno-18-83" href="#__codelineno-18-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-84" name="__codelineno-18-84" href="#__codelineno-18-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-85" name="__codelineno-18-85" href="#__codelineno-18-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-86" name="__codelineno-18-86" href="#__codelineno-18-86"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-87" name="__codelineno-18-87" href="#__codelineno-18-87"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-88" name="__codelineno-18-88" href="#__codelineno-18-88"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-89" name="__codelineno-18-89" href="#__codelineno-18-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-90" name="__codelineno-18-90" href="#__codelineno-18-90"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-91" name="__codelineno-18-91" href="#__codelineno-18-91"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-92" name="__codelineno-18-92" href="#__codelineno-18-92"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-93" name="__codelineno-18-93" href="#__codelineno-18-93"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-94" name="__codelineno-18-94" href="#__codelineno-18-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-95" name="__codelineno-18-95" href="#__codelineno-18-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-96" name="__codelineno-18-96" href="#__codelineno-18-96"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-97" name="__codelineno-18-97" href="#__codelineno-18-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-98" name="__codelineno-18-98" href="#__codelineno-18-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-99" name="__codelineno-18-99" href="#__codelineno-18-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-100" name="__codelineno-18-100" href="#__codelineno-18-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-101" name="__codelineno-18-101" href="#__codelineno-18-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-102" name="__codelineno-18-102" href="#__codelineno-18-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-103" name="__codelineno-18-103" href="#__codelineno-18-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-104" name="__codelineno-18-104" href="#__codelineno-18-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-105" name="__codelineno-18-105" href="#__codelineno-18-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-106" name="__codelineno-18-106" href="#__codelineno-18-106"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-107" name="__codelineno-18-107" href="#__codelineno-18-107"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-108" name="__codelineno-18-108" href="#__codelineno-18-108"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-109" name="__codelineno-18-109" href="#__codelineno-18-109"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-110" name="__codelineno-18-110" href="#__codelineno-18-110"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-111" name="__codelineno-18-111" href="#__codelineno-18-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-112" name="__codelineno-18-112" href="#__codelineno-18-112"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-113" name="__codelineno-18-113" href="#__codelineno-18-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-114" name="__codelineno-18-114" href="#__codelineno-18-114"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-115" name="__codelineno-18-115" href="#__codelineno-18-115"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-116" name="__codelineno-18-116" href="#__codelineno-18-116"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-117" name="__codelineno-18-117" href="#__codelineno-18-117"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39; -&gt; &#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-118" name="__codelineno-18-118" href="#__codelineno-18-118"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-119" name="__codelineno-18-119" href="#__codelineno-18-119"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;null&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-120" name="__codelineno-18-120" href="#__codelineno-18-120"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-121" name="__codelineno-18-121" href="#__codelineno-18-121"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-122" name="__codelineno-18-122" href="#__codelineno-18-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-123" name="__codelineno-18-123" href="#__codelineno-18-123"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Pair</span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Pair</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;-1&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-54" name="__codelineno-19-54" href="#__codelineno-19-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-55" name="__codelineno-19-55" href="#__codelineno-19-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-56" name="__codelineno-19-56" href="#__codelineno-19-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-57" name="__codelineno-19-57" href="#__codelineno-19-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-58" name="__codelineno-19-58" href="#__codelineno-19-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-59" name="__codelineno-19-59" href="#__codelineno-19-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-60" name="__codelineno-19-60" href="#__codelineno-19-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-61" name="__codelineno-19-61" href="#__codelineno-19-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-62" name="__codelineno-19-62" href="#__codelineno-19-62"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-63" name="__codelineno-19-63" href="#__codelineno-19-63"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-64" name="__codelineno-19-64" href="#__codelineno-19-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-65" name="__codelineno-19-65" href="#__codelineno-19-65"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-66" name="__codelineno-19-66" href="#__codelineno-19-66"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-67" name="__codelineno-19-67" href="#__codelineno-19-67"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-68" name="__codelineno-19-68" href="#__codelineno-19-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-69" name="__codelineno-19-69" href="#__codelineno-19-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-70" name="__codelineno-19-70" href="#__codelineno-19-70"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-71" name="__codelineno-19-71" href="#__codelineno-19-71"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-72" name="__codelineno-19-72" href="#__codelineno-19-72"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-73" name="__codelineno-19-73" href="#__codelineno-19-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-74" name="__codelineno-19-74" href="#__codelineno-19-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-75" name="__codelineno-19-75" href="#__codelineno-19-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-76" name="__codelineno-19-76" href="#__codelineno-19-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-77" name="__codelineno-19-77" href="#__codelineno-19-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-78" name="__codelineno-19-78" href="#__codelineno-19-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-79" name="__codelineno-19-79" href="#__codelineno-19-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-80" name="__codelineno-19-80" href="#__codelineno-19-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-81" name="__codelineno-19-81" href="#__codelineno-19-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-82" name="__codelineno-19-82" href="#__codelineno-19-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-83" name="__codelineno-19-83" href="#__codelineno-19-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-84" name="__codelineno-19-84" href="#__codelineno-19-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-85" name="__codelineno-19-85" href="#__codelineno-19-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-86" name="__codelineno-19-86" href="#__codelineno-19-86"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-87" name="__codelineno-19-87" href="#__codelineno-19-87"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-88" name="__codelineno-19-88" href="#__codelineno-19-88"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-89" name="__codelineno-19-89" href="#__codelineno-19-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-90" name="__codelineno-19-90" href="#__codelineno-19-90"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-91" name="__codelineno-19-91" href="#__codelineno-19-91"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-92" name="__codelineno-19-92" href="#__codelineno-19-92"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-93" name="__codelineno-19-93" href="#__codelineno-19-93"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-94" name="__codelineno-19-94" href="#__codelineno-19-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-95" name="__codelineno-19-95" href="#__codelineno-19-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-96" name="__codelineno-19-96" href="#__codelineno-19-96"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-97" name="__codelineno-19-97" href="#__codelineno-19-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-98" name="__codelineno-19-98" href="#__codelineno-19-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-99" name="__codelineno-19-99" href="#__codelineno-19-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-100" name="__codelineno-19-100" href="#__codelineno-19-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-101" name="__codelineno-19-101" href="#__codelineno-19-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-102" name="__codelineno-19-102" href="#__codelineno-19-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-103" name="__codelineno-19-103" href="#__codelineno-19-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-104" name="__codelineno-19-104" href="#__codelineno-19-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-105" name="__codelineno-19-105" href="#__codelineno-19-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-106" name="__codelineno-19-106" href="#__codelineno-19-106"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-107" name="__codelineno-19-107" href="#__codelineno-19-107"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-108" name="__codelineno-19-108" href="#__codelineno-19-108"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-109" name="__codelineno-19-109" href="#__codelineno-19-109"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-110" name="__codelineno-19-110" href="#__codelineno-19-110"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-111" name="__codelineno-19-111" href="#__codelineno-19-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-112" name="__codelineno-19-112" href="#__codelineno-19-112"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-113" name="__codelineno-19-113" href="#__codelineno-19-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-114" name="__codelineno-19-114" href="#__codelineno-19-114"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-115" name="__codelineno-19-115" href="#__codelineno-19-115"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-116" name="__codelineno-19-116" href="#__codelineno-19-116"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-117" name="__codelineno-19-117" href="#__codelineno-19-117"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39; -&gt; &#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-118" name="__codelineno-19-118" href="#__codelineno-19-118"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-119" name="__codelineno-19-119" href="#__codelineno-19-119"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;null&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-120" name="__codelineno-19-120" href="#__codelineno-19-120"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-121" name="__codelineno-19-121" href="#__codelineno-19-121"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-122" name="__codelineno-19-122" href="#__codelineno-19-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-123" name="__codelineno-19-123" href="#__codelineno-19-123"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;-1&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，当遇到空桶时跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到 key ，返回对应桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若之前遇到了删除标记，则将键值对移动至该索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a><span class="w">          </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="w">          </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a><span class="w">          </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回移动后的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-40" name="__codelineno-20-40" href="#__codelineno-20-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-41" name="__codelineno-20-41" href="#__codelineno-20-41"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-42" name="__codelineno-20-42" href="#__codelineno-20-42"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 记录遇到的首个删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-43" name="__codelineno-20-43" href="#__codelineno-20-43"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-44" name="__codelineno-20-44" href="#__codelineno-20-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-45" name="__codelineno-20-45" href="#__codelineno-20-45"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-46" name="__codelineno-20-46" href="#__codelineno-20-46"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-47" name="__codelineno-20-47" href="#__codelineno-20-47"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-48" name="__codelineno-20-48" href="#__codelineno-20-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-49" name="__codelineno-20-49" href="#__codelineno-20-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若 key 不存在，则返回添加点的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-50" name="__codelineno-20-50" href="#__codelineno-20-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">firstTombstone</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-51" name="__codelineno-20-51" href="#__codelineno-20-51"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-52" name="__codelineno-20-52" href="#__codelineno-20-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-53" name="__codelineno-20-53" href="#__codelineno-20-53"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-54" name="__codelineno-20-54" href="#__codelineno-20-54"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-55" name="__codelineno-20-55" href="#__codelineno-20-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-56" name="__codelineno-20-56" href="#__codelineno-20-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-57" name="__codelineno-20-57" href="#__codelineno-20-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-58" name="__codelineno-20-58" href="#__codelineno-20-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-59" name="__codelineno-20-59" href="#__codelineno-20-59"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-60" name="__codelineno-20-60" href="#__codelineno-20-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-61" name="__codelineno-20-61" href="#__codelineno-20-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-62" name="__codelineno-20-62" href="#__codelineno-20-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-63" name="__codelineno-20-63" href="#__codelineno-20-63"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-64" name="__codelineno-20-64" href="#__codelineno-20-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-65" name="__codelineno-20-65" href="#__codelineno-20-65"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-66" name="__codelineno-20-66" href="#__codelineno-20-66"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-67" name="__codelineno-20-67" href="#__codelineno-20-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-68" name="__codelineno-20-68" href="#__codelineno-20-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-69" name="__codelineno-20-69" href="#__codelineno-20-69"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-70" name="__codelineno-20-70" href="#__codelineno-20-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-71" name="__codelineno-20-71" href="#__codelineno-20-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-72" name="__codelineno-20-72" href="#__codelineno-20-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-73" name="__codelineno-20-73" href="#__codelineno-20-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则覆盖 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-74" name="__codelineno-20-74" href="#__codelineno-20-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-75" name="__codelineno-20-75" href="#__codelineno-20-75"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-76" name="__codelineno-20-76" href="#__codelineno-20-76"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-77" name="__codelineno-20-77" href="#__codelineno-20-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-78" name="__codelineno-20-78" href="#__codelineno-20-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则添加该键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-79" name="__codelineno-20-79" href="#__codelineno-20-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-80" name="__codelineno-20-80" href="#__codelineno-20-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-81" name="__codelineno-20-81" href="#__codelineno-20-81"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-82" name="__codelineno-20-82" href="#__codelineno-20-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-83" name="__codelineno-20-83" href="#__codelineno-20-83"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-84" name="__codelineno-20-84" href="#__codelineno-20-84"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-85" name="__codelineno-20-85" href="#__codelineno-20-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-86" name="__codelineno-20-86" href="#__codelineno-20-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">findBucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-87" name="__codelineno-20-87" href="#__codelineno-20-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则用删除标记覆盖它</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-88" name="__codelineno-20-88" href="#__codelineno-20-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-89" name="__codelineno-20-89" href="#__codelineno-20-89"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-90" name="__codelineno-20-90" href="#__codelineno-20-90"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-91" name="__codelineno-20-91" href="#__codelineno-20-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-92" name="__codelineno-20-92" href="#__codelineno-20-92"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-93" name="__codelineno-20-93" href="#__codelineno-20-93"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-94" name="__codelineno-20-94" href="#__codelineno-20-94"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-95" name="__codelineno-20-95" href="#__codelineno-20-95"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-96" name="__codelineno-20-96" href="#__codelineno-20-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-97" name="__codelineno-20-97" href="#__codelineno-20-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-98" name="__codelineno-20-98" href="#__codelineno-20-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-99" name="__codelineno-20-99" href="#__codelineno-20-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-100" name="__codelineno-20-100" href="#__codelineno-20-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-101" name="__codelineno-20-101" href="#__codelineno-20-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-102" name="__codelineno-20-102" href="#__codelineno-20-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-103" name="__codelineno-20-103" href="#__codelineno-20-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-104" name="__codelineno-20-104" href="#__codelineno-20-104"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-105" name="__codelineno-20-105" href="#__codelineno-20-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-106" name="__codelineno-20-106" href="#__codelineno-20-106"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-107" name="__codelineno-20-107" href="#__codelineno-20-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-108" name="__codelineno-20-108" href="#__codelineno-20-108"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-109" name="__codelineno-20-109" href="#__codelineno-20-109"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-110" name="__codelineno-20-110" href="#__codelineno-20-110"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-111" name="__codelineno-20-111" href="#__codelineno-20-111"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-112" name="__codelineno-20-112" href="#__codelineno-20-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-113" name="__codelineno-20-113" href="#__codelineno-20-113"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-114" name="__codelineno-20-114" href="#__codelineno-20-114"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-115" name="__codelineno-20-115" href="#__codelineno-20-115"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-116" name="__codelineno-20-116" href="#__codelineno-20-116"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;TOMBSTONE&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-117" name="__codelineno-20-117" href="#__codelineno-20-117"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-118" name="__codelineno-20-118" href="#__codelineno-20-118"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"> -&gt; </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-119" name="__codelineno-20-119" href="#__codelineno-20-119"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-120" name="__codelineno-20-120" href="#__codelineno-20-120"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-121" name="__codelineno-20-121" href="#__codelineno-20-121"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-122" name="__codelineno-20-122" href="#__codelineno-20-122"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">size</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                    </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">capacity</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">load_thres</span>: <span class="kt">f64</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">buckets</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">size</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">capacity</span>: <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">load_thres</span>: <span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>: <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span>: <span class="nc">vec</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span>: <span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="s">&quot;-1&quot;</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">()}),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">load_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">f64</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">find_bucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">first_tombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-39" name="__codelineno-21-39" href="#__codelineno-21-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，当遇到空桶时跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-40" name="__codelineno-21-40" href="#__codelineno-21-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">is_some</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-41" name="__codelineno-21-41" href="#__codelineno-21-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到 key，返回对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-42" name="__codelineno-21-42" href="#__codelineno-21-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-43" name="__codelineno-21-43" href="#__codelineno-21-43"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若之前遇到了删除标记，则将建值对移动至该索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-44" name="__codelineno-21-44" href="#__codelineno-21-44"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">first_tombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-45" name="__codelineno-21-45" href="#__codelineno-21-45"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">first_tombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-46" name="__codelineno-21-46" href="#__codelineno-21-46"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-47" name="__codelineno-21-47" href="#__codelineno-21-47"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">first_tombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回移动后的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-48" name="__codelineno-21-48" href="#__codelineno-21-48"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-49" name="__codelineno-21-49" href="#__codelineno-21-49"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 返回桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-50" name="__codelineno-21-50" href="#__codelineno-21-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-51" name="__codelineno-21-51" href="#__codelineno-21-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 记录遇到的首个删除标记</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-52" name="__codelineno-21-52" href="#__codelineno-21-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">first_tombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-53" name="__codelineno-21-53" href="#__codelineno-21-53"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">first_tombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-54" name="__codelineno-21-54" href="#__codelineno-21-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-55" name="__codelineno-21-55" href="#__codelineno-21-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-56" name="__codelineno-21-56" href="#__codelineno-21-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-57" name="__codelineno-21-57" href="#__codelineno-21-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-58" name="__codelineno-21-58" href="#__codelineno-21-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若 key 不存在，则返回添加点的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-59" name="__codelineno-21-59" href="#__codelineno-21-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">first_tombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">first_tombstone</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-60" name="__codelineno-21-60" href="#__codelineno-21-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-61" name="__codelineno-21-61" href="#__codelineno-21-61"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-62" name="__codelineno-21-62" href="#__codelineno-21-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-63" name="__codelineno-21-63" href="#__codelineno-21-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-64" name="__codelineno-21-64" href="#__codelineno-21-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-65" name="__codelineno-21-65" href="#__codelineno-21-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">find_bucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-66" name="__codelineno-21-66" href="#__codelineno-21-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则返回对应 val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-67" name="__codelineno-21-67" href="#__codelineno-21-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">is_some</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-68" name="__codelineno-21-68" href="#__codelineno-21-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-69" name="__codelineno-21-69" href="#__codelineno-21-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-70" name="__codelineno-21-70" href="#__codelineno-21-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-71" name="__codelineno-21-71" href="#__codelineno-21-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-72" name="__codelineno-21-72" href="#__codelineno-21-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-73" name="__codelineno-21-73" href="#__codelineno-21-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-74" name="__codelineno-21-74" href="#__codelineno-21-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-75" name="__codelineno-21-75" href="#__codelineno-21-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-76" name="__codelineno-21-76" href="#__codelineno-21-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-77" name="__codelineno-21-77" href="#__codelineno-21-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">load_factor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-78" name="__codelineno-21-78" href="#__codelineno-21-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-79" name="__codelineno-21-79" href="#__codelineno-21-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-80" name="__codelineno-21-80" href="#__codelineno-21-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-81" name="__codelineno-21-81" href="#__codelineno-21-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">find_bucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-82" name="__codelineno-21-82" href="#__codelineno-21-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则覆盖 val 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-83" name="__codelineno-21-83" href="#__codelineno-21-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">is_some</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-84" name="__codelineno-21-84" href="#__codelineno-21-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">as_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-85" name="__codelineno-21-85" href="#__codelineno-21-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-86" name="__codelineno-21-86" href="#__codelineno-21-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-87" name="__codelineno-21-87" href="#__codelineno-21-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若键值对不存在，则添加该键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-88" name="__codelineno-21-88" href="#__codelineno-21-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-89" name="__codelineno-21-89" href="#__codelineno-21-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-90" name="__codelineno-21-90" href="#__codelineno-21-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-91" name="__codelineno-21-91" href="#__codelineno-21-91"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-92" name="__codelineno-21-92" href="#__codelineno-21-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-93" name="__codelineno-21-93" href="#__codelineno-21-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-94" name="__codelineno-21-94" href="#__codelineno-21-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-95" name="__codelineno-21-95" href="#__codelineno-21-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">find_bucket</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-96" name="__codelineno-21-96" href="#__codelineno-21-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若找到键值对，则用删除标记覆盖它</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-97" name="__codelineno-21-97" href="#__codelineno-21-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">is_some</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-98" name="__codelineno-21-98" href="#__codelineno-21-98"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-99" name="__codelineno-21-99" href="#__codelineno-21-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-100" name="__codelineno-21-100" href="#__codelineno-21-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-101" name="__codelineno-21-101" href="#__codelineno-21-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-102" name="__codelineno-21-102" href="#__codelineno-21-102"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-103" name="__codelineno-21-103" href="#__codelineno-21-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-104" name="__codelineno-21-104" href="#__codelineno-21-104"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-105" name="__codelineno-21-105" href="#__codelineno-21-105"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-106" name="__codelineno-21-106" href="#__codelineno-21-106"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets_tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-107" name="__codelineno-21-107" href="#__codelineno-21-107"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-108" name="__codelineno-21-108" href="#__codelineno-21-108"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-109" name="__codelineno-21-109" href="#__codelineno-21-109"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-110" name="__codelineno-21-110" href="#__codelineno-21-110"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-111" name="__codelineno-21-111" href="#__codelineno-21-111"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-112" name="__codelineno-21-112" href="#__codelineno-21-112"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-113" name="__codelineno-21-113" href="#__codelineno-21-113"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets_tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-114" name="__codelineno-21-114" href="#__codelineno-21-114"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-115" name="__codelineno-21-115" href="#__codelineno-21-115"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-116" name="__codelineno-21-116" href="#__codelineno-21-116"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-117" name="__codelineno-21-117" href="#__codelineno-21-117"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-118" name="__codelineno-21-118" href="#__codelineno-21-118"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-119" name="__codelineno-21-119" href="#__codelineno-21-119"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-120" name="__codelineno-21-120" href="#__codelineno-21-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-121" name="__codelineno-21-121" href="#__codelineno-21-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-122" name="__codelineno-21-122" href="#__codelineno-21-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-123" name="__codelineno-21-123" href="#__codelineno-21-123"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-124" name="__codelineno-21-124" href="#__codelineno-21-124"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-125" name="__codelineno-21-125" href="#__codelineno-21-125"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-126" name="__codelineno-21-126" href="#__codelineno-21-126"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-127" name="__codelineno-21-127" href="#__codelineno-21-127"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TOMBSTONE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-128" name="__codelineno-21-128" href="#__codelineno-21-128"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;TOMBSTONE&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-129" name="__codelineno-21-129" href="#__codelineno-21-129"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-130" name="__codelineno-21-130" href="#__codelineno-21-130"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-131" name="__codelineno-21-131" href="#__codelineno-21-131"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;{} -&gt; {}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-132" name="__codelineno-21-132" href="#__codelineno-21-132"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-133" name="__codelineno-21-133" href="#__codelineno-21-133"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-134" name="__codelineno-21-134" href="#__codelineno-21-134"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-135" name="__codelineno-21-135" href="#__codelineno-21-135"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -6077,7 +3650,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -6143,31 +3721,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../hash_map/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 6.1 &amp;nbsp; 哈希表" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                6.1 &nbsp; 哈希表
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../hash_algorithm/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 6.3 &amp;nbsp; 哈希算法" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                6.3 &nbsp; 哈希算法
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -6177,14 +3772,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_hashing/hash_map/index.html b/chapter_hashing/hash_map/index.html
index bd02f46b7..f9aad1a5e 100644
--- a/chapter_hashing/hash_map/index.html
+++ b/chapter_hashing/hash_map/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3792,451 +3812,33 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Pair</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;键值对&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">key</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于数组简易实现的哈希表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a>        <span class="c1"># 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">100</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;哈希函数&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a>        <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="mi">100</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">index</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;查询操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a>        <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a>        <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Pair</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;添加操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a>        <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a>        <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pair</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a>        <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a>        <span class="c1"># 置为 None ，代表删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-40" name="__codelineno-25-40" href="#__codelineno-25-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-41" name="__codelineno-25-41" href="#__codelineno-25-41"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">entry_set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-42" name="__codelineno-25-42" href="#__codelineno-25-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取所有键值对&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-43" name="__codelineno-25-43" href="#__codelineno-25-43"></a>        <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-44" name="__codelineno-25-44" href="#__codelineno-25-44"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-45" name="__codelineno-25-45" href="#__codelineno-25-45"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-46" name="__codelineno-25-46" href="#__codelineno-25-46"></a>                <span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-47" name="__codelineno-25-47" href="#__codelineno-25-47"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-48" name="__codelineno-25-48" href="#__codelineno-25-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-49" name="__codelineno-25-49" href="#__codelineno-25-49"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">key_set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-50" name="__codelineno-25-50" href="#__codelineno-25-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取所有键&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-51" name="__codelineno-25-51" href="#__codelineno-25-51"></a>        <span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-52" name="__codelineno-25-52" href="#__codelineno-25-52"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-53" name="__codelineno-25-53" href="#__codelineno-25-53"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-54" name="__codelineno-25-54" href="#__codelineno-25-54"></a>                <span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-55" name="__codelineno-25-55" href="#__codelineno-25-55"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-56" name="__codelineno-25-56" href="#__codelineno-25-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-57" name="__codelineno-25-57" href="#__codelineno-25-57"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">value_set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-58" name="__codelineno-25-58" href="#__codelineno-25-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取所有值&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-59" name="__codelineno-25-59" href="#__codelineno-25-59"></a>        <span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-60" name="__codelineno-25-60" href="#__codelineno-25-60"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-61" name="__codelineno-25-61" href="#__codelineno-25-61"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-62" name="__codelineno-25-62" href="#__codelineno-25-62"></a>                <span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-63" name="__codelineno-25-63" href="#__codelineno-25-63"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-64" name="__codelineno-25-64" href="#__codelineno-25-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-65" name="__codelineno-25-65" href="#__codelineno-25-65"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-66" name="__codelineno-25-66" href="#__codelineno-25-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;打印哈希表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-67" name="__codelineno-25-67" href="#__codelineno-25-67"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-68" name="__codelineno-25-68" href="#__codelineno-25-68"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-69" name="__codelineno-25-69" href="#__codelineno-25-69"></a>                <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;-&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-23" name="__codelineno-26-23" href="#__codelineno-26-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-24" name="__codelineno-26-24" href="#__codelineno-26-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-25" name="__codelineno-26-25" href="#__codelineno-26-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-26" name="__codelineno-26-26" href="#__codelineno-26-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-27" name="__codelineno-26-27" href="#__codelineno-26-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-28" name="__codelineno-26-28" href="#__codelineno-26-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-29" name="__codelineno-26-29" href="#__codelineno-26-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-30" name="__codelineno-26-30" href="#__codelineno-26-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-31" name="__codelineno-26-31" href="#__codelineno-26-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-32" name="__codelineno-26-32" href="#__codelineno-26-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-33" name="__codelineno-26-33" href="#__codelineno-26-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-34" name="__codelineno-26-34" href="#__codelineno-26-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-35" name="__codelineno-26-35" href="#__codelineno-26-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-36" name="__codelineno-26-36" href="#__codelineno-26-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-37" name="__codelineno-26-37" href="#__codelineno-26-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-38" name="__codelineno-26-38" href="#__codelineno-26-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-39" name="__codelineno-26-39" href="#__codelineno-26-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-40" name="__codelineno-26-40" href="#__codelineno-26-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-41" name="__codelineno-26-41" href="#__codelineno-26-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-42" name="__codelineno-26-42" href="#__codelineno-26-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-43" name="__codelineno-26-43" href="#__codelineno-26-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-44" name="__codelineno-26-44" href="#__codelineno-26-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-45" name="__codelineno-26-45" href="#__codelineno-26-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-46" name="__codelineno-26-46" href="#__codelineno-26-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-47" name="__codelineno-26-47" href="#__codelineno-26-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-48" name="__codelineno-26-48" href="#__codelineno-26-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-49" name="__codelineno-26-49" href="#__codelineno-26-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-50" name="__codelineno-26-50" href="#__codelineno-26-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-51" name="__codelineno-26-51" href="#__codelineno-26-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-52" name="__codelineno-26-52" href="#__codelineno-26-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-53" name="__codelineno-26-53" href="#__codelineno-26-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-54" name="__codelineno-26-54" href="#__codelineno-26-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-55" name="__codelineno-26-55" href="#__codelineno-26-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-56" name="__codelineno-26-56" href="#__codelineno-26-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存并置为 nullptr</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-57" name="__codelineno-26-57" href="#__codelineno-26-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-58" name="__codelineno-26-58" href="#__codelineno-26-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-59" name="__codelineno-26-59" href="#__codelineno-26-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-60" name="__codelineno-26-60" href="#__codelineno-26-60"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-61" name="__codelineno-26-61" href="#__codelineno-26-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-62" name="__codelineno-26-62" href="#__codelineno-26-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-63" name="__codelineno-26-63" href="#__codelineno-26-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-64" name="__codelineno-26-64" href="#__codelineno-26-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-65" name="__codelineno-26-65" href="#__codelineno-26-65"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-66" name="__codelineno-26-66" href="#__codelineno-26-66"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-67" name="__codelineno-26-67" href="#__codelineno-26-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-68" name="__codelineno-26-68" href="#__codelineno-26-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-69" name="__codelineno-26-69" href="#__codelineno-26-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-70" name="__codelineno-26-70" href="#__codelineno-26-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-71" name="__codelineno-26-71" href="#__codelineno-26-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-72" name="__codelineno-26-72" href="#__codelineno-26-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-73" name="__codelineno-26-73" href="#__codelineno-26-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-74" name="__codelineno-26-74" href="#__codelineno-26-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-75" name="__codelineno-26-75" href="#__codelineno-26-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-76" name="__codelineno-26-76" href="#__codelineno-26-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-77" name="__codelineno-26-77" href="#__codelineno-26-77"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-78" name="__codelineno-26-78" href="#__codelineno-26-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-79" name="__codelineno-26-79" href="#__codelineno-26-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-80" name="__codelineno-26-80" href="#__codelineno-26-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-81" name="__codelineno-26-81" href="#__codelineno-26-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-82" name="__codelineno-26-82" href="#__codelineno-26-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-83" name="__codelineno-26-83" href="#__codelineno-26-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-84" name="__codelineno-26-84" href="#__codelineno-26-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-85" name="__codelineno-26-85" href="#__codelineno-26-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-86" name="__codelineno-26-86" href="#__codelineno-26-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-87" name="__codelineno-26-87" href="#__codelineno-26-87"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-88" name="__codelineno-26-88" href="#__codelineno-26-88"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-89" name="__codelineno-26-89" href="#__codelineno-26-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-90" name="__codelineno-26-90" href="#__codelineno-26-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-91" name="__codelineno-26-91" href="#__codelineno-26-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-92" name="__codelineno-26-92" href="#__codelineno-26-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-93" name="__codelineno-26-93" href="#__codelineno-26-93"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-94" name="__codelineno-26-94" href="#__codelineno-26-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-95" name="__codelineno-26-95" href="#__codelineno-26-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-96" name="__codelineno-26-96" href="#__codelineno-26-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-97" name="__codelineno-26-97" href="#__codelineno-26-97"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-98" name="__codelineno-26-98" href="#__codelineno-26-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-99" name="__codelineno-26-99" href="#__codelineno-26-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-100" name="__codelineno-26-100" href="#__codelineno-26-100"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-25" name="__codelineno-27-25" href="#__codelineno-27-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-26" name="__codelineno-27-26" href="#__codelineno-27-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-27" name="__codelineno-27-27" href="#__codelineno-27-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-28" name="__codelineno-27-28" href="#__codelineno-27-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-29" name="__codelineno-27-29" href="#__codelineno-27-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-30" name="__codelineno-27-30" href="#__codelineno-27-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-31" name="__codelineno-27-31" href="#__codelineno-27-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-32" name="__codelineno-27-32" href="#__codelineno-27-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-33" name="__codelineno-27-33" href="#__codelineno-27-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-34" name="__codelineno-27-34" href="#__codelineno-27-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-35" name="__codelineno-27-35" href="#__codelineno-27-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-36" name="__codelineno-27-36" href="#__codelineno-27-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-37" name="__codelineno-27-37" href="#__codelineno-27-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-38" name="__codelineno-27-38" href="#__codelineno-27-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-39" name="__codelineno-27-39" href="#__codelineno-27-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-40" name="__codelineno-27-40" href="#__codelineno-27-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-41" name="__codelineno-27-41" href="#__codelineno-27-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-42" name="__codelineno-27-42" href="#__codelineno-27-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-43" name="__codelineno-27-43" href="#__codelineno-27-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-44" name="__codelineno-27-44" href="#__codelineno-27-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-45" name="__codelineno-27-45" href="#__codelineno-27-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-46" name="__codelineno-27-46" href="#__codelineno-27-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-47" name="__codelineno-27-47" href="#__codelineno-27-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-48" name="__codelineno-27-48" href="#__codelineno-27-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-49" name="__codelineno-27-49" href="#__codelineno-27-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 置为 null ，代表删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-50" name="__codelineno-27-50" href="#__codelineno-27-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-51" name="__codelineno-27-51" href="#__codelineno-27-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-52" name="__codelineno-27-52" href="#__codelineno-27-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-53" name="__codelineno-27-53" href="#__codelineno-27-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-54" name="__codelineno-27-54" href="#__codelineno-27-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pairSet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-55" name="__codelineno-27-55" href="#__codelineno-27-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-56" name="__codelineno-27-56" href="#__codelineno-27-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-57" name="__codelineno-27-57" href="#__codelineno-27-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-58" name="__codelineno-27-58" href="#__codelineno-27-58"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-59" name="__codelineno-27-59" href="#__codelineno-27-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-60" name="__codelineno-27-60" href="#__codelineno-27-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-61" name="__codelineno-27-61" href="#__codelineno-27-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-62" name="__codelineno-27-62" href="#__codelineno-27-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-63" name="__codelineno-27-63" href="#__codelineno-27-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-64" name="__codelineno-27-64" href="#__codelineno-27-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">keySet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-65" name="__codelineno-27-65" href="#__codelineno-27-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-66" name="__codelineno-27-66" href="#__codelineno-27-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-67" name="__codelineno-27-67" href="#__codelineno-27-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-68" name="__codelineno-27-68" href="#__codelineno-27-68"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-69" name="__codelineno-27-69" href="#__codelineno-27-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-70" name="__codelineno-27-70" href="#__codelineno-27-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-71" name="__codelineno-27-71" href="#__codelineno-27-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-72" name="__codelineno-27-72" href="#__codelineno-27-72"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-73" name="__codelineno-27-73" href="#__codelineno-27-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-74" name="__codelineno-27-74" href="#__codelineno-27-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">valueSet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-75" name="__codelineno-27-75" href="#__codelineno-27-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-76" name="__codelineno-27-76" href="#__codelineno-27-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-77" name="__codelineno-27-77" href="#__codelineno-27-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-78" name="__codelineno-27-78" href="#__codelineno-27-78"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-79" name="__codelineno-27-79" href="#__codelineno-27-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-80" name="__codelineno-27-80" href="#__codelineno-27-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-81" name="__codelineno-27-81" href="#__codelineno-27-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-82" name="__codelineno-27-82" href="#__codelineno-27-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-83" name="__codelineno-27-83" href="#__codelineno-27-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-84" name="__codelineno-27-84" href="#__codelineno-27-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-85" name="__codelineno-27-85" href="#__codelineno-27-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-86" name="__codelineno-27-86" href="#__codelineno-27-86"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-87" name="__codelineno-27-87" href="#__codelineno-27-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-88" name="__codelineno-27-88" href="#__codelineno-27-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-89" name="__codelineno-27-89" href="#__codelineno-27-89"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">Pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 键值对 int-&gt;string */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">100</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-35" name="__codelineno-28-35" href="#__codelineno-28-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-36" name="__codelineno-28-36" href="#__codelineno-28-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-37" name="__codelineno-28-37" href="#__codelineno-28-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-38" name="__codelineno-28-38" href="#__codelineno-28-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-39" name="__codelineno-28-39" href="#__codelineno-28-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-40" name="__codelineno-28-40" href="#__codelineno-28-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-41" name="__codelineno-28-41" href="#__codelineno-28-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-42" name="__codelineno-28-42" href="#__codelineno-28-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-43" name="__codelineno-28-43" href="#__codelineno-28-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-44" name="__codelineno-28-44" href="#__codelineno-28-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-45" name="__codelineno-28-45" href="#__codelineno-28-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-46" name="__codelineno-28-46" href="#__codelineno-28-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 置为 null ，代表删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-47" name="__codelineno-28-47" href="#__codelineno-28-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-48" name="__codelineno-28-48" href="#__codelineno-28-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-49" name="__codelineno-28-49" href="#__codelineno-28-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-50" name="__codelineno-28-50" href="#__codelineno-28-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-51" name="__codelineno-28-51" href="#__codelineno-28-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-52" name="__codelineno-28-52" href="#__codelineno-28-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-53" name="__codelineno-28-53" href="#__codelineno-28-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-54" name="__codelineno-28-54" href="#__codelineno-28-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-55" name="__codelineno-28-55" href="#__codelineno-28-55"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-56" name="__codelineno-28-56" href="#__codelineno-28-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-57" name="__codelineno-28-57" href="#__codelineno-28-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-58" name="__codelineno-28-58" href="#__codelineno-28-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-59" name="__codelineno-28-59" href="#__codelineno-28-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-60" name="__codelineno-28-60" href="#__codelineno-28-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-61" name="__codelineno-28-61" href="#__codelineno-28-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-62" name="__codelineno-28-62" href="#__codelineno-28-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-63" name="__codelineno-28-63" href="#__codelineno-28-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-64" name="__codelineno-28-64" href="#__codelineno-28-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-65" name="__codelineno-28-65" href="#__codelineno-28-65"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-66" name="__codelineno-28-66" href="#__codelineno-28-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-67" name="__codelineno-28-67" href="#__codelineno-28-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-68" name="__codelineno-28-68" href="#__codelineno-28-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-69" name="__codelineno-28-69" href="#__codelineno-28-69"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-70" name="__codelineno-28-70" href="#__codelineno-28-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-71" name="__codelineno-28-71" href="#__codelineno-28-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-72" name="__codelineno-28-72" href="#__codelineno-28-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-73" name="__codelineno-28-73" href="#__codelineno-28-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-74" name="__codelineno-28-74" href="#__codelineno-28-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-75" name="__codelineno-28-75" href="#__codelineno-28-75"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-76" name="__codelineno-28-76" href="#__codelineno-28-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-77" name="__codelineno-28-77" href="#__codelineno-28-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-78" name="__codelineno-28-78" href="#__codelineno-28-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-79" name="__codelineno-28-79" href="#__codelineno-28-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-80" name="__codelineno-28-80" href="#__codelineno-28-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-81" name="__codelineno-28-81" href="#__codelineno-28-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-82" name="__codelineno-28-82" href="#__codelineno-28-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-83" name="__codelineno-28-83" href="#__codelineno-28-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; -&gt; &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-84" name="__codelineno-28-84" href="#__codelineno-28-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-85" name="__codelineno-28-85" href="#__codelineno-28-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-86" name="__codelineno-28-86" href="#__codelineno-28-86"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">pair</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-24" name="__codelineno-29-24" href="#__codelineno-29-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-25" name="__codelineno-29-25" href="#__codelineno-29-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-26" name="__codelineno-29-26" href="#__codelineno-29-26"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-27" name="__codelineno-29-27" href="#__codelineno-29-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-28" name="__codelineno-29-28" href="#__codelineno-29-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-29" name="__codelineno-29-29" href="#__codelineno-29-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-30" name="__codelineno-29-30" href="#__codelineno-29-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Not Found&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-31" name="__codelineno-29-31" href="#__codelineno-29-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-32" name="__codelineno-29-32" href="#__codelineno-29-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-33" name="__codelineno-29-33" href="#__codelineno-29-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-34" name="__codelineno-29-34" href="#__codelineno-29-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-35" name="__codelineno-29-35" href="#__codelineno-29-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-36" name="__codelineno-29-36" href="#__codelineno-29-36"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-37" name="__codelineno-29-37" href="#__codelineno-29-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-38" name="__codelineno-29-38" href="#__codelineno-29-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-39" name="__codelineno-29-39" href="#__codelineno-29-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-40" name="__codelineno-29-40" href="#__codelineno-29-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-41" name="__codelineno-29-41" href="#__codelineno-29-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-42" name="__codelineno-29-42" href="#__codelineno-29-42"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-43" name="__codelineno-29-43" href="#__codelineno-29-43"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-44" name="__codelineno-29-44" href="#__codelineno-29-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-45" name="__codelineno-29-45" href="#__codelineno-29-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 置为 nil ，代表删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-46" name="__codelineno-29-46" href="#__codelineno-29-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-47" name="__codelineno-29-47" href="#__codelineno-29-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-48" name="__codelineno-29-48" href="#__codelineno-29-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-49" name="__codelineno-29-49" href="#__codelineno-29-49"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-50" name="__codelineno-29-50" href="#__codelineno-29-50"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pairSet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-51" name="__codelineno-29-51" href="#__codelineno-29-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pairs</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">pair</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-52" name="__codelineno-29-52" href="#__codelineno-29-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-53" name="__codelineno-29-53" href="#__codelineno-29-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-54" name="__codelineno-29-54" href="#__codelineno-29-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">pairs</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pairs</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-55" name="__codelineno-29-55" href="#__codelineno-29-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-56" name="__codelineno-29-56" href="#__codelineno-29-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-57" name="__codelineno-29-57" href="#__codelineno-29-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pairs</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-58" name="__codelineno-29-58" href="#__codelineno-29-58"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-59" name="__codelineno-29-59" href="#__codelineno-29-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-60" name="__codelineno-29-60" href="#__codelineno-29-60"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-61" name="__codelineno-29-61" href="#__codelineno-29-61"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">keySet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-62" name="__codelineno-29-62" href="#__codelineno-29-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">keys</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-63" name="__codelineno-29-63" href="#__codelineno-29-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-64" name="__codelineno-29-64" href="#__codelineno-29-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-65" name="__codelineno-29-65" href="#__codelineno-29-65"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">keys</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">keys</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-66" name="__codelineno-29-66" href="#__codelineno-29-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-67" name="__codelineno-29-67" href="#__codelineno-29-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-68" name="__codelineno-29-68" href="#__codelineno-29-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">keys</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-69" name="__codelineno-29-69" href="#__codelineno-29-69"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-70" name="__codelineno-29-70" href="#__codelineno-29-70"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-71" name="__codelineno-29-71" href="#__codelineno-29-71"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-72" name="__codelineno-29-72" href="#__codelineno-29-72"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">valueSet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-73" name="__codelineno-29-73" href="#__codelineno-29-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">values</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">string</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-74" name="__codelineno-29-74" href="#__codelineno-29-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-75" name="__codelineno-29-75" href="#__codelineno-29-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-76" name="__codelineno-29-76" href="#__codelineno-29-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">values</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">values</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-77" name="__codelineno-29-77" href="#__codelineno-29-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-78" name="__codelineno-29-78" href="#__codelineno-29-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-79" name="__codelineno-29-79" href="#__codelineno-29-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">values</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-80" name="__codelineno-29-80" href="#__codelineno-29-80"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-81" name="__codelineno-29-81" href="#__codelineno-29-81"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-82" name="__codelineno-29-82" href="#__codelineno-29-82"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-83" name="__codelineno-29-83" href="#__codelineno-29-83"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-84" name="__codelineno-29-84" href="#__codelineno-29-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-85" name="__codelineno-29-85" href="#__codelineno-29-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-86" name="__codelineno-29-86" href="#__codelineno-29-86"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;-&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-87" name="__codelineno-29-87" href="#__codelineno-29-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-88" name="__codelineno-29-88" href="#__codelineno-29-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-89" name="__codelineno-29-89" href="#__codelineno-29-89"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4251,656 +3853,43 @@
 <a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayHashMap</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">?]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a>        <span class="c1">// 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">100</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a>            <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="mi">100</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">index</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-27" name="__codelineno-30-27" href="#__codelineno-30-27"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-28" name="__codelineno-30-28" href="#__codelineno-30-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-29" name="__codelineno-30-29" href="#__codelineno-30-29"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-30" name="__codelineno-30-30" href="#__codelineno-30-30"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-31" name="__codelineno-30-31" href="#__codelineno-30-31"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-32" name="__codelineno-30-32" href="#__codelineno-30-32"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-33" name="__codelineno-30-33" href="#__codelineno-30-33"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-34" name="__codelineno-30-34" href="#__codelineno-30-34"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-35" name="__codelineno-30-35" href="#__codelineno-30-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-36" name="__codelineno-30-36" href="#__codelineno-30-36"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-37" name="__codelineno-30-37" href="#__codelineno-30-37"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-38" name="__codelineno-30-38" href="#__codelineno-30-38"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-39" name="__codelineno-30-39" href="#__codelineno-30-39"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-40" name="__codelineno-30-40" href="#__codelineno-30-40"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">pair</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-41" name="__codelineno-30-41" href="#__codelineno-30-41"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-42" name="__codelineno-30-42" href="#__codelineno-30-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-43" name="__codelineno-30-43" href="#__codelineno-30-43"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-44" name="__codelineno-30-44" href="#__codelineno-30-44"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-45" name="__codelineno-30-45" href="#__codelineno-30-45"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-46" name="__codelineno-30-46" href="#__codelineno-30-46"></a>        <span class="c1">// 置为 nil ，代表删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-47" name="__codelineno-30-47" href="#__codelineno-30-47"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-48" name="__codelineno-30-48" href="#__codelineno-30-48"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-49" name="__codelineno-30-49" href="#__codelineno-30-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-50" name="__codelineno-30-50" href="#__codelineno-30-50"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取所有键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-51" name="__codelineno-30-51" href="#__codelineno-30-51"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pairSet</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-52" name="__codelineno-30-52" href="#__codelineno-30-52"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">pairSet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-53" name="__codelineno-30-53" href="#__codelineno-30-53"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-54" name="__codelineno-30-54" href="#__codelineno-30-54"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-55" name="__codelineno-30-55" href="#__codelineno-30-55"></a>                <span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-56" name="__codelineno-30-56" href="#__codelineno-30-56"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-57" name="__codelineno-30-57" href="#__codelineno-30-57"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-58" name="__codelineno-30-58" href="#__codelineno-30-58"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pairSet</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-59" name="__codelineno-30-59" href="#__codelineno-30-59"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-60" name="__codelineno-30-60" href="#__codelineno-30-60"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-61" name="__codelineno-30-61" href="#__codelineno-30-61"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-62" name="__codelineno-30-62" href="#__codelineno-30-62"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">keySet</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-63" name="__codelineno-30-63" href="#__codelineno-30-63"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">keySet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-64" name="__codelineno-30-64" href="#__codelineno-30-64"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-65" name="__codelineno-30-65" href="#__codelineno-30-65"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-66" name="__codelineno-30-66" href="#__codelineno-30-66"></a>                <span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-67" name="__codelineno-30-67" href="#__codelineno-30-67"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-68" name="__codelineno-30-68" href="#__codelineno-30-68"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-69" name="__codelineno-30-69" href="#__codelineno-30-69"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">keySet</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-70" name="__codelineno-30-70" href="#__codelineno-30-70"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-71" name="__codelineno-30-71" href="#__codelineno-30-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-72" name="__codelineno-30-72" href="#__codelineno-30-72"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-73" name="__codelineno-30-73" href="#__codelineno-30-73"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">valueSet</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-74" name="__codelineno-30-74" href="#__codelineno-30-74"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">valueSet</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-75" name="__codelineno-30-75" href="#__codelineno-30-75"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-76" name="__codelineno-30-76" href="#__codelineno-30-76"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-77" name="__codelineno-30-77" href="#__codelineno-30-77"></a>                <span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-78" name="__codelineno-30-78" href="#__codelineno-30-78"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-79" name="__codelineno-30-79" href="#__codelineno-30-79"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-80" name="__codelineno-30-80" href="#__codelineno-30-80"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">valueSet</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-81" name="__codelineno-30-81" href="#__codelineno-30-81"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-82" name="__codelineno-30-82" href="#__codelineno-30-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-83" name="__codelineno-30-83" href="#__codelineno-30-83"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-84" name="__codelineno-30-84" href="#__codelineno-30-84"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-85" name="__codelineno-30-85" href="#__codelineno-30-85"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-86" name="__codelineno-30-86" href="#__codelineno-30-86"></a>            <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s"> -&gt; </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-87" name="__codelineno-30-87" href="#__codelineno-30-87"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-88" name="__codelineno-30-88" href="#__codelineno-30-88"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-89" name="__codelineno-30-89" href="#__codelineno-30-89"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 键值对 Number -&gt; String */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">100</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-27" name="__codelineno-31-27" href="#__codelineno-31-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-28" name="__codelineno-31-28" href="#__codelineno-31-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-29" name="__codelineno-31-29" href="#__codelineno-31-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-30" name="__codelineno-31-30" href="#__codelineno-31-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-31" name="__codelineno-31-31" href="#__codelineno-31-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-32" name="__codelineno-31-32" href="#__codelineno-31-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-33" name="__codelineno-31-33" href="#__codelineno-31-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-34" name="__codelineno-31-34" href="#__codelineno-31-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-35" name="__codelineno-31-35" href="#__codelineno-31-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-36" name="__codelineno-31-36" href="#__codelineno-31-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-37" name="__codelineno-31-37" href="#__codelineno-31-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="ow">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-38" name="__codelineno-31-38" href="#__codelineno-31-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-39" name="__codelineno-31-39" href="#__codelineno-31-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 置为 null ，代表删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-40" name="__codelineno-31-40" href="#__codelineno-31-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-41" name="__codelineno-31-41" href="#__codelineno-31-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-42" name="__codelineno-31-42" href="#__codelineno-31-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-43" name="__codelineno-31-43" href="#__codelineno-31-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-44" name="__codelineno-31-44" href="#__codelineno-31-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">entries</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-45" name="__codelineno-31-45" href="#__codelineno-31-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-46" name="__codelineno-31-46" href="#__codelineno-31-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-47" name="__codelineno-31-47" href="#__codelineno-31-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-48" name="__codelineno-31-48" href="#__codelineno-31-48"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-49" name="__codelineno-31-49" href="#__codelineno-31-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-50" name="__codelineno-31-50" href="#__codelineno-31-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-51" name="__codelineno-31-51" href="#__codelineno-31-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-52" name="__codelineno-31-52" href="#__codelineno-31-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-53" name="__codelineno-31-53" href="#__codelineno-31-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-54" name="__codelineno-31-54" href="#__codelineno-31-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-55" name="__codelineno-31-55" href="#__codelineno-31-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">keys</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-56" name="__codelineno-31-56" href="#__codelineno-31-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-57" name="__codelineno-31-57" href="#__codelineno-31-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-58" name="__codelineno-31-58" href="#__codelineno-31-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-59" name="__codelineno-31-59" href="#__codelineno-31-59"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-60" name="__codelineno-31-60" href="#__codelineno-31-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-61" name="__codelineno-31-61" href="#__codelineno-31-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-62" name="__codelineno-31-62" href="#__codelineno-31-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-63" name="__codelineno-31-63" href="#__codelineno-31-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-64" name="__codelineno-31-64" href="#__codelineno-31-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-65" name="__codelineno-31-65" href="#__codelineno-31-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-66" name="__codelineno-31-66" href="#__codelineno-31-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">values</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-67" name="__codelineno-31-67" href="#__codelineno-31-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-68" name="__codelineno-31-68" href="#__codelineno-31-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-69" name="__codelineno-31-69" href="#__codelineno-31-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-70" name="__codelineno-31-70" href="#__codelineno-31-70"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-71" name="__codelineno-31-71" href="#__codelineno-31-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-72" name="__codelineno-31-72" href="#__codelineno-31-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-73" name="__codelineno-31-73" href="#__codelineno-31-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-74" name="__codelineno-31-74" href="#__codelineno-31-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-75" name="__codelineno-31-75" href="#__codelineno-31-75"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-76" name="__codelineno-31-76" href="#__codelineno-31-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-77" name="__codelineno-31-77" href="#__codelineno-31-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-78" name="__codelineno-31-78" href="#__codelineno-31-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pairSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">entries</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-79" name="__codelineno-31-79" href="#__codelineno-31-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pairSet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-80" name="__codelineno-31-80" href="#__codelineno-31-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb"> -&gt; </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-81" name="__codelineno-31-81" href="#__codelineno-31-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-82" name="__codelineno-31-82" href="#__codelineno-31-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-83" name="__codelineno-31-83" href="#__codelineno-31-83"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 键值对 Number -&gt; String */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">readonly</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">100</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-25" name="__codelineno-32-25" href="#__codelineno-32-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-26" name="__codelineno-32-26" href="#__codelineno-32-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-27" name="__codelineno-32-27" href="#__codelineno-32-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-28" name="__codelineno-32-28" href="#__codelineno-32-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-29" name="__codelineno-32-29" href="#__codelineno-32-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-30" name="__codelineno-32-30" href="#__codelineno-32-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-31" name="__codelineno-32-31" href="#__codelineno-32-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-32" name="__codelineno-32-32" href="#__codelineno-32-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-33" name="__codelineno-32-33" href="#__codelineno-32-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-34" name="__codelineno-32-34" href="#__codelineno-32-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-35" name="__codelineno-32-35" href="#__codelineno-32-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-36" name="__codelineno-32-36" href="#__codelineno-32-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-37" name="__codelineno-32-37" href="#__codelineno-32-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-38" name="__codelineno-32-38" href="#__codelineno-32-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-39" name="__codelineno-32-39" href="#__codelineno-32-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-40" name="__codelineno-32-40" href="#__codelineno-32-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-41" name="__codelineno-32-41" href="#__codelineno-32-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-42" name="__codelineno-32-42" href="#__codelineno-32-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-43" name="__codelineno-32-43" href="#__codelineno-32-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 置为 null ，代表删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-44" name="__codelineno-32-44" href="#__codelineno-32-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-45" name="__codelineno-32-45" href="#__codelineno-32-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-46" name="__codelineno-32-46" href="#__codelineno-32-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-47" name="__codelineno-32-47" href="#__codelineno-32-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-48" name="__codelineno-32-48" href="#__codelineno-32-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">entries</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-49" name="__codelineno-32-49" href="#__codelineno-32-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-50" name="__codelineno-32-50" href="#__codelineno-32-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-51" name="__codelineno-32-51" href="#__codelineno-32-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-52" name="__codelineno-32-52" href="#__codelineno-32-52"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-53" name="__codelineno-32-53" href="#__codelineno-32-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-54" name="__codelineno-32-54" href="#__codelineno-32-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-55" name="__codelineno-32-55" href="#__codelineno-32-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-56" name="__codelineno-32-56" href="#__codelineno-32-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-57" name="__codelineno-32-57" href="#__codelineno-32-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-58" name="__codelineno-32-58" href="#__codelineno-32-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-59" name="__codelineno-32-59" href="#__codelineno-32-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">keys</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">)[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-60" name="__codelineno-32-60" href="#__codelineno-32-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">)[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-61" name="__codelineno-32-61" href="#__codelineno-32-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-62" name="__codelineno-32-62" href="#__codelineno-32-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-63" name="__codelineno-32-63" href="#__codelineno-32-63"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-64" name="__codelineno-32-64" href="#__codelineno-32-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-65" name="__codelineno-32-65" href="#__codelineno-32-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-66" name="__codelineno-32-66" href="#__codelineno-32-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-67" name="__codelineno-32-67" href="#__codelineno-32-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-68" name="__codelineno-32-68" href="#__codelineno-32-68"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-69" name="__codelineno-32-69" href="#__codelineno-32-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-70" name="__codelineno-32-70" href="#__codelineno-32-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">values</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">)[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-71" name="__codelineno-32-71" href="#__codelineno-32-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">)[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-72" name="__codelineno-32-72" href="#__codelineno-32-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-73" name="__codelineno-32-73" href="#__codelineno-32-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-74" name="__codelineno-32-74" href="#__codelineno-32-74"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-75" name="__codelineno-32-75" href="#__codelineno-32-75"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-76" name="__codelineno-32-76" href="#__codelineno-32-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-77" name="__codelineno-32-77" href="#__codelineno-32-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-78" name="__codelineno-32-78" href="#__codelineno-32-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-79" name="__codelineno-32-79" href="#__codelineno-32-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-80" name="__codelineno-32-80" href="#__codelineno-32-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-81" name="__codelineno-32-81" href="#__codelineno-32-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-82" name="__codelineno-32-82" href="#__codelineno-32-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pairSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">entries</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-83" name="__codelineno-32-83" href="#__codelineno-32-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pairSet</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-84" name="__codelineno-32-84" href="#__codelineno-32-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb"> -&gt; </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-85" name="__codelineno-32-85" href="#__codelineno-32-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-86" name="__codelineno-32-86" href="#__codelineno-32-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-87" name="__codelineno-32-87" href="#__codelineno-32-87"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">Pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">100</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-20" name="__codelineno-33-20" href="#__codelineno-33-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-21" name="__codelineno-33-21" href="#__codelineno-33-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-22" name="__codelineno-33-22" href="#__codelineno-33-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-23" name="__codelineno-33-23" href="#__codelineno-33-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-24" name="__codelineno-33-24" href="#__codelineno-33-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-25" name="__codelineno-33-25" href="#__codelineno-33-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-26" name="__codelineno-33-26" href="#__codelineno-33-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-27" name="__codelineno-33-27" href="#__codelineno-33-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-28" name="__codelineno-33-28" href="#__codelineno-33-28"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-29" name="__codelineno-33-29" href="#__codelineno-33-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-30" name="__codelineno-33-30" href="#__codelineno-33-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-31" name="__codelineno-33-31" href="#__codelineno-33-31"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-32" name="__codelineno-33-32" href="#__codelineno-33-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-33" name="__codelineno-33-33" href="#__codelineno-33-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-34" name="__codelineno-33-34" href="#__codelineno-33-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-35" name="__codelineno-33-35" href="#__codelineno-33-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-36" name="__codelineno-33-36" href="#__codelineno-33-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-37" name="__codelineno-33-37" href="#__codelineno-33-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-38" name="__codelineno-33-38" href="#__codelineno-33-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-39" name="__codelineno-33-39" href="#__codelineno-33-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-40" name="__codelineno-33-40" href="#__codelineno-33-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-41" name="__codelineno-33-41" href="#__codelineno-33-41"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-42" name="__codelineno-33-42" href="#__codelineno-33-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-43" name="__codelineno-33-43" href="#__codelineno-33-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-44" name="__codelineno-33-44" href="#__codelineno-33-44"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-45" name="__codelineno-33-45" href="#__codelineno-33-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-46" name="__codelineno-33-46" href="#__codelineno-33-46"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-47" name="__codelineno-33-47" href="#__codelineno-33-47"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-48" name="__codelineno-33-48" href="#__codelineno-33-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-49" name="__codelineno-33-49" href="#__codelineno-33-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-50" name="__codelineno-33-50" href="#__codelineno-33-50"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-51" name="__codelineno-33-51" href="#__codelineno-33-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-52" name="__codelineno-33-52" href="#__codelineno-33-52"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-53" name="__codelineno-33-53" href="#__codelineno-33-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-54" name="__codelineno-33-54" href="#__codelineno-33-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-55" name="__codelineno-33-55" href="#__codelineno-33-55"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-56" name="__codelineno-33-56" href="#__codelineno-33-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-57" name="__codelineno-33-57" href="#__codelineno-33-57"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-58" name="__codelineno-33-58" href="#__codelineno-33-58"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-59" name="__codelineno-33-59" href="#__codelineno-33-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-60" name="__codelineno-33-60" href="#__codelineno-33-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-61" name="__codelineno-33-61" href="#__codelineno-33-61"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-62" name="__codelineno-33-62" href="#__codelineno-33-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-63" name="__codelineno-33-63" href="#__codelineno-33-63"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-64" name="__codelineno-33-64" href="#__codelineno-33-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-65" name="__codelineno-33-65" href="#__codelineno-33-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-66" name="__codelineno-33-66" href="#__codelineno-33-66"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-67" name="__codelineno-33-67" href="#__codelineno-33-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-68" name="__codelineno-33-68" href="#__codelineno-33-68"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-69" name="__codelineno-33-69" href="#__codelineno-33-69"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">values</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-70" name="__codelineno-33-70" href="#__codelineno-33-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-71" name="__codelineno-33-71" href="#__codelineno-33-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-72" name="__codelineno-33-72" href="#__codelineno-33-72"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-73" name="__codelineno-33-73" href="#__codelineno-33-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-74" name="__codelineno-33-74" href="#__codelineno-33-74"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-75" name="__codelineno-33-75" href="#__codelineno-33-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-76" name="__codelineno-33-76" href="#__codelineno-33-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-77" name="__codelineno-33-77" href="#__codelineno-33-77"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-78" name="__codelineno-33-78" href="#__codelineno-33-78"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-79" name="__codelineno-33-79" href="#__codelineno-33-79"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-80" name="__codelineno-33-80" href="#__codelineno-33-80"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-81" name="__codelineno-33-81" href="#__codelineno-33-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-82" name="__codelineno-33-82" href="#__codelineno-33-82"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"> -&gt; </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-83" name="__codelineno-33-83" href="#__codelineno-33-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-84" name="__codelineno-33-84" href="#__codelineno-33-84"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-85" name="__codelineno-33-85" href="#__codelineno-33-85"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="cp">#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">buckets</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组，包含 100 个桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span>: <span class="nc">vec</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-25" name="__codelineno-34-25" href="#__codelineno-34-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-26" name="__codelineno-34-26" href="#__codelineno-34-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-27" name="__codelineno-34-27" href="#__codelineno-34-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-28" name="__codelineno-34-28" href="#__codelineno-34-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-29" name="__codelineno-34-29" href="#__codelineno-34-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-30" name="__codelineno-34-30" href="#__codelineno-34-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-31" name="__codelineno-34-31" href="#__codelineno-34-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-32" name="__codelineno-34-32" href="#__codelineno-34-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-33" name="__codelineno-34-33" href="#__codelineno-34-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-34" name="__codelineno-34-34" href="#__codelineno-34-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-35" name="__codelineno-34-35" href="#__codelineno-34-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="nc">val</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">(),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-36" name="__codelineno-34-36" href="#__codelineno-34-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-37" name="__codelineno-34-37" href="#__codelineno-34-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-38" name="__codelineno-34-38" href="#__codelineno-34-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-39" name="__codelineno-34-39" href="#__codelineno-34-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-40" name="__codelineno-34-40" href="#__codelineno-34-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-41" name="__codelineno-34-41" href="#__codelineno-34-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-42" name="__codelineno-34-42" href="#__codelineno-34-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 置为 None ，代表删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-43" name="__codelineno-34-43" href="#__codelineno-34-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-44" name="__codelineno-34-44" href="#__codelineno-34-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-45" name="__codelineno-34-45" href="#__codelineno-34-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-46" name="__codelineno-34-46" href="#__codelineno-34-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-47" name="__codelineno-34-47" href="#__codelineno-34-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">entry_set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-48" name="__codelineno-34-48" href="#__codelineno-34-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">filter_map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()).</span><span class="n">collect</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-49" name="__codelineno-34-49" href="#__codelineno-34-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-50" name="__codelineno-34-50" href="#__codelineno-34-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-51" name="__codelineno-34-51" href="#__codelineno-34-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-52" name="__codelineno-34-52" href="#__codelineno-34-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">key_set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-53" name="__codelineno-34-53" href="#__codelineno-34-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">filter_map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)).</span><span class="n">collect</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-54" name="__codelineno-34-54" href="#__codelineno-34-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-55" name="__codelineno-34-55" href="#__codelineno-34-55"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-56" name="__codelineno-34-56" href="#__codelineno-34-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-57" name="__codelineno-34-57" href="#__codelineno-34-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">value_set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-58" name="__codelineno-34-58" href="#__codelineno-34-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">filter_map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)).</span><span class="n">collect</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-59" name="__codelineno-34-59" href="#__codelineno-34-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-60" name="__codelineno-34-60" href="#__codelineno-34-60"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-61" name="__codelineno-34-61" href="#__codelineno-34-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-62" name="__codelineno-34-62" href="#__codelineno-34-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-63" name="__codelineno-34-63" href="#__codelineno-34-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">entry_set</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-64" name="__codelineno-34-64" href="#__codelineno-34-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;{} -&gt; {}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-65" name="__codelineno-34-65" href="#__codelineno-34-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-66" name="__codelineno-34-66" href="#__codelineno-34-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-67" name="__codelineno-34-67" href="#__codelineno-34-67"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 键值对 int-&gt;string */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希表初始化函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-20" name="__codelineno-35-20" href="#__codelineno-35-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-21" name="__codelineno-35-21" href="#__codelineno-35-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-22" name="__codelineno-35-22" href="#__codelineno-35-22"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-23" name="__codelineno-35-23" href="#__codelineno-35-23"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-24" name="__codelineno-35-24" href="#__codelineno-35-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-25" name="__codelineno-35-25" href="#__codelineno-35-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-26" name="__codelineno-35-26" href="#__codelineno-35-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-27" name="__codelineno-35-27" href="#__codelineno-35-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">strcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-28" name="__codelineno-35-28" href="#__codelineno-35-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-29" name="__codelineno-35-29" href="#__codelineno-35-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-30" name="__codelineno-35-30" href="#__codelineno-35-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-31" name="__codelineno-35-31" href="#__codelineno-35-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-32" name="__codelineno-35-32" href="#__codelineno-35-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-33" name="__codelineno-35-33" href="#__codelineno-35-33"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-34" name="__codelineno-35-34" href="#__codelineno-35-34"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeItem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-35" name="__codelineno-35-35" href="#__codelineno-35-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-36" name="__codelineno-35-36" href="#__codelineno-35-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-37" name="__codelineno-35-37" href="#__codelineno-35-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-38" name="__codelineno-35-38" href="#__codelineno-35-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-39" name="__codelineno-35-39" href="#__codelineno-35-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-40" name="__codelineno-35-40" href="#__codelineno-35-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-41" name="__codelineno-35-41" href="#__codelineno-35-41"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键值对 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-42" name="__codelineno-35-42" href="#__codelineno-35-42"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pairSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mapSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-43" name="__codelineno-35-43" href="#__codelineno-35-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">entries</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-44" name="__codelineno-35-44" href="#__codelineno-35-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-45" name="__codelineno-35-45" href="#__codelineno-35-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-46" name="__codelineno-35-46" href="#__codelineno-35-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-47" name="__codelineno-35-47" href="#__codelineno-35-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 统计有效键值对数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-48" name="__codelineno-35-48" href="#__codelineno-35-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-49" name="__codelineno-35-49" href="#__codelineno-35-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-50" name="__codelineno-35-50" href="#__codelineno-35-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-51" name="__codelineno-35-51" href="#__codelineno-35-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-52" name="__codelineno-35-52" href="#__codelineno-35-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-53" name="__codelineno-35-53" href="#__codelineno-35-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-54" name="__codelineno-35-54" href="#__codelineno-35-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">entries</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-55" name="__codelineno-35-55" href="#__codelineno-35-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-56" name="__codelineno-35-56" href="#__codelineno-35-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-57" name="__codelineno-35-57" href="#__codelineno-35-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">entries</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-58" name="__codelineno-35-58" href="#__codelineno-35-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">entries</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-59" name="__codelineno-35-59" href="#__codelineno-35-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">strcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">entries</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-60" name="__codelineno-35-60" href="#__codelineno-35-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-61" name="__codelineno-35-61" href="#__codelineno-35-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-62" name="__codelineno-35-62" href="#__codelineno-35-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-63" name="__codelineno-35-63" href="#__codelineno-35-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-64" name="__codelineno-35-64" href="#__codelineno-35-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">entries</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-65" name="__codelineno-35-65" href="#__codelineno-35-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-66" name="__codelineno-35-66" href="#__codelineno-35-66"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-67" name="__codelineno-35-67" href="#__codelineno-35-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-68" name="__codelineno-35-68" href="#__codelineno-35-68"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取所有键 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-69" name="__codelineno-35-69" href="#__codelineno-35-69"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">keySet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mapSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-70" name="__codelineno-35-70" href="#__codelineno-35-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-71" name="__codelineno-35-71" href="#__codelineno-35-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-72" name="__codelineno-35-72" href="#__codelineno-35-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-73" name="__codelineno-35-73" href="#__codelineno-35-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-74" name="__codelineno-35-74" href="#__codelineno-35-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 统计有效键值对数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-75" name="__codelineno-35-75" href="#__codelineno-35-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-76" name="__codelineno-35-76" href="#__codelineno-35-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-77" name="__codelineno-35-77" href="#__codelineno-35-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-78" name="__codelineno-35-78" href="#__codelineno-35-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-79" name="__codelineno-35-79" href="#__codelineno-35-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-80" name="__codelineno-35-80" href="#__codelineno-35-80"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-81" name="__codelineno-35-81" href="#__codelineno-35-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-82" name="__codelineno-35-82" href="#__codelineno-35-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-83" name="__codelineno-35-83" href="#__codelineno-35-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-84" name="__codelineno-35-84" href="#__codelineno-35-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-85" name="__codelineno-35-85" href="#__codelineno-35-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-86" name="__codelineno-35-86" href="#__codelineno-35-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-87" name="__codelineno-35-87" href="#__codelineno-35-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-88" name="__codelineno-35-88" href="#__codelineno-35-88"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-89" name="__codelineno-35-89" href="#__codelineno-35-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-90" name="__codelineno-35-90" href="#__codelineno-35-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-91" name="__codelineno-35-91" href="#__codelineno-35-91"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-92" name="__codelineno-35-92" href="#__codelineno-35-92"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-93" name="__codelineno-35-93" href="#__codelineno-35-93"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取所有值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-94" name="__codelineno-35-94" href="#__codelineno-35-94"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">valueSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mapSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-95" name="__codelineno-35-95" href="#__codelineno-35-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">vals</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-96" name="__codelineno-35-96" href="#__codelineno-35-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-97" name="__codelineno-35-97" href="#__codelineno-35-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-98" name="__codelineno-35-98" href="#__codelineno-35-98"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-99" name="__codelineno-35-99" href="#__codelineno-35-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 统计有效键值对数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-100" name="__codelineno-35-100" href="#__codelineno-35-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-101" name="__codelineno-35-101" href="#__codelineno-35-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-102" name="__codelineno-35-102" href="#__codelineno-35-102"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-103" name="__codelineno-35-103" href="#__codelineno-35-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-104" name="__codelineno-35-104" href="#__codelineno-35-104"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-105" name="__codelineno-35-105" href="#__codelineno-35-105"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-106" name="__codelineno-35-106" href="#__codelineno-35-106"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vals</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-107" name="__codelineno-35-107" href="#__codelineno-35-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-108" name="__codelineno-35-108" href="#__codelineno-35-108"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-109" name="__codelineno-35-109" href="#__codelineno-35-109"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vals</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-110" name="__codelineno-35-110" href="#__codelineno-35-110"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-111" name="__codelineno-35-111" href="#__codelineno-35-111"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-112" name="__codelineno-35-112" href="#__codelineno-35-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-113" name="__codelineno-35-113" href="#__codelineno-35-113"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-114" name="__codelineno-35-114" href="#__codelineno-35-114"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vals</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-115" name="__codelineno-35-115" href="#__codelineno-35-115"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-116" name="__codelineno-35-116" href="#__codelineno-35-116"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-117" name="__codelineno-35-117" href="#__codelineno-35-117"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-118" name="__codelineno-35-118" href="#__codelineno-35-118"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-119" name="__codelineno-35-119" href="#__codelineno-35-119"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-120" name="__codelineno-35-120" href="#__codelineno-35-120"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-121" name="__codelineno-35-121" href="#__codelineno-35-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mapSet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-122" name="__codelineno-35-122" href="#__codelineno-35-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-123" name="__codelineno-35-123" href="#__codelineno-35-123"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">entries</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-124" name="__codelineno-35-124" href="#__codelineno-35-124"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-125" name="__codelineno-35-125" href="#__codelineno-35-125"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;%d -&gt; %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">entries</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">entries</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-126" name="__codelineno-35-126" href="#__codelineno-35-126"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-127" name="__codelineno-35-127" href="#__codelineno-35-127"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-128" name="__codelineno-35-128" href="#__codelineno-35-128"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="c1">// 键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a><span class="w">   </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-13" name="__codelineno-36-13" href="#__codelineno-36-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-14" name="__codelineno-36-14" href="#__codelineno-36-14"></a><span class="c1">// 基于数组简易实现的哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-15" name="__codelineno-36-15" href="#__codelineno-36-15"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-16" name="__codelineno-36-16" href="#__codelineno-36-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-17" name="__codelineno-36-17" href="#__codelineno-36-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-18" name="__codelineno-36-18" href="#__codelineno-36-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-19" name="__codelineno-36-19" href="#__codelineno-36-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-20" name="__codelineno-36-20" href="#__codelineno-36-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-21" name="__codelineno-36-21" href="#__codelineno-36-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-22" name="__codelineno-36-22" href="#__codelineno-36-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 构造函数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-23" name="__codelineno-36-23" href="#__codelineno-36-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-24" name="__codelineno-36-24" href="#__codelineno-36-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-25" name="__codelineno-36-25" href="#__codelineno-36-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶（数组）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-26" name="__codelineno-36-26" href="#__codelineno-36-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-27" name="__codelineno-36-27" href="#__codelineno-36-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-28" name="__codelineno-36-28" href="#__codelineno-36-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-29" name="__codelineno-36-29" href="#__codelineno-36-29"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-30" name="__codelineno-36-30" href="#__codelineno-36-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-31" name="__codelineno-36-31" href="#__codelineno-36-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-32" name="__codelineno-36-32" href="#__codelineno-36-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-33" name="__codelineno-36-33" href="#__codelineno-36-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 析构函数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-34" name="__codelineno-36-34" href="#__codelineno-36-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-35" name="__codelineno-36-35" href="#__codelineno-36-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-36" name="__codelineno-36-36" href="#__codelineno-36-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-37" name="__codelineno-36-37" href="#__codelineno-36-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-38" name="__codelineno-36-38" href="#__codelineno-36-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哈希函数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-39" name="__codelineno-36-39" href="#__codelineno-36-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-40" name="__codelineno-36-40" href="#__codelineno-36-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-41" name="__codelineno-36-41" href="#__codelineno-36-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-42" name="__codelineno-36-42" href="#__codelineno-36-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-43" name="__codelineno-36-43" href="#__codelineno-36-43"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-44" name="__codelineno-36-44" href="#__codelineno-36-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 查询操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-45" name="__codelineno-36-45" href="#__codelineno-36-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-46" name="__codelineno-36-46" href="#__codelineno-36-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-47" name="__codelineno-36-47" href="#__codelineno-36-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-48" name="__codelineno-36-48" href="#__codelineno-36-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-49" name="__codelineno-36-49" href="#__codelineno-36-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-50" name="__codelineno-36-50" href="#__codelineno-36-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-51" name="__codelineno-36-51" href="#__codelineno-36-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 添加操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-52" name="__codelineno-36-52" href="#__codelineno-36-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-53" name="__codelineno-36-53" href="#__codelineno-36-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-54" name="__codelineno-36-54" href="#__codelineno-36-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-55" name="__codelineno-36-55" href="#__codelineno-36-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-56" name="__codelineno-36-56" href="#__codelineno-36-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-57" name="__codelineno-36-57" href="#__codelineno-36-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-58" name="__codelineno-36-58" href="#__codelineno-36-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-59" name="__codelineno-36-59" href="#__codelineno-36-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-60" name="__codelineno-36-60" href="#__codelineno-36-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-61" name="__codelineno-36-61" href="#__codelineno-36-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 置为 null ，代表删除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-62" name="__codelineno-36-62" href="#__codelineno-36-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-63" name="__codelineno-36-63" href="#__codelineno-36-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">       </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-64" name="__codelineno-36-64" href="#__codelineno-36-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-65" name="__codelineno-36-65" href="#__codelineno-36-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取所有键值对</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-66" name="__codelineno-36-66" href="#__codelineno-36-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-67" name="__codelineno-36-67" href="#__codelineno-36-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">entry_set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-68" name="__codelineno-36-68" href="#__codelineno-36-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-69" name="__codelineno-36-69" href="#__codelineno-36-69"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-70" name="__codelineno-36-70" href="#__codelineno-36-70"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">entry_set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-71" name="__codelineno-36-71" href="#__codelineno-36-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-72" name="__codelineno-36-72" href="#__codelineno-36-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">entry_set</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-73" name="__codelineno-36-73" href="#__codelineno-36-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-74" name="__codelineno-36-74" href="#__codelineno-36-74"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-75" name="__codelineno-36-75" href="#__codelineno-36-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取所有键</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-76" name="__codelineno-36-76" href="#__codelineno-36-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keySet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-77" name="__codelineno-36-77" href="#__codelineno-36-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key_set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-78" name="__codelineno-36-78" href="#__codelineno-36-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-79" name="__codelineno-36-79" href="#__codelineno-36-79"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-80" name="__codelineno-36-80" href="#__codelineno-36-80"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key_set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-81" name="__codelineno-36-81" href="#__codelineno-36-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-82" name="__codelineno-36-82" href="#__codelineno-36-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key_set</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-83" name="__codelineno-36-83" href="#__codelineno-36-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-84" name="__codelineno-36-84" href="#__codelineno-36-84"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-85" name="__codelineno-36-85" href="#__codelineno-36-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取所有值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-86" name="__codelineno-36-86" href="#__codelineno-36-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">valueSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-87" name="__codelineno-36-87" href="#__codelineno-36-87"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value_set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u8</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-88" name="__codelineno-36-88" href="#__codelineno-36-88"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-89" name="__codelineno-36-89" href="#__codelineno-36-89"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">continue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-90" name="__codelineno-36-90" href="#__codelineno-36-90"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value_set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-91" name="__codelineno-36-91" href="#__codelineno-36-91"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-92" name="__codelineno-36-92" href="#__codelineno-36-92"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value_set</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-93" name="__codelineno-36-93" href="#__codelineno-36-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-94" name="__codelineno-36-94" href="#__codelineno-36-94"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-95" name="__codelineno-36-95" href="#__codelineno-36-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 打印哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-96" name="__codelineno-36-96" href="#__codelineno-36-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-97" name="__codelineno-36-97" href="#__codelineno-36-97"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">entry_set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pairSet</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-98" name="__codelineno-36-98" href="#__codelineno-36-98"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">entry_set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-99" name="__codelineno-36-99" href="#__codelineno-36-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">entry_set</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-100" name="__codelineno-36-100" href="#__codelineno-36-100"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">debug</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;{} -&gt; {s}</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.{</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-101" name="__codelineno-36-101" href="#__codelineno-36-101"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-102" name="__codelineno-36-102" href="#__codelineno-36-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-103" name="__codelineno-36-103" href="#__codelineno-36-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-104" name="__codelineno-36-104" href="#__codelineno-36-104"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_hash_map.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayHashMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4989,7 +3978,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
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@@ -5055,31 +4049,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
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-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
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+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
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+              
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../hash_collision/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 6.2 &amp;nbsp; 哈希冲突" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                6.2 &nbsp; 哈希冲突
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -5089,14 +4100,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
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diff --git a/chapter_hashing/index.html b/chapter_hashing/index.html
index 178649264..9d46ab345 100644
--- a/chapter_hashing/index.html
+++ b/chapter_hashing/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3331,7 +3351,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3397,31 +3422,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 5.4 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                5.4 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="hash_map/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 6.1 &amp;nbsp; 哈希表" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                6.1 &nbsp; 哈希表
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3431,14 +3473,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
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         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_hashing/summary/index.html b/chapter_hashing/summary/index.html
index 8ddbf2652..838d9676e 100644
--- a/chapter_hashing/summary/index.html
+++ b/chapter_hashing/summary/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3420,7 +3440,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3486,31 +3511,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../hash_algorithm/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 6.3 &amp;nbsp; 哈希算法" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                6.3 &nbsp; 哈希算法
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../../chapter_tree/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 第 7 章 &amp;nbsp; 树" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                第 7 章 &nbsp; 树
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3520,14 +3562,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
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diff --git a/chapter_heap/build_heap/index.html b/chapter_heap/build_heap/index.html
index a3f44bf8e..fbaeaafac 100644
--- a/chapter_heap/build_heap/index.html
+++ b/chapter_heap/build_heap/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3341,154 +3361,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法，根据输入列表建堆&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法，根据输入列表建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法，根据输入列表建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数，根据输入列表建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">IEnumerable</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数，根据切片建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newMaxHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">newMaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法，根据输入列表建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="n">maxHeap</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>        <span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法，建立空堆或根据输入列表建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[...</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法，建立空堆或根据输入列表建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums?</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[...</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法，根据输入列表建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法，根据输入列表建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max_heap</span>: <span class="nc">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">heap</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数，根据切片建堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newMaxHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 所有元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">newMaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 构造方法，根据输入列表建堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">appendSlice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3595,7 +3512,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3661,31 +3583,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../heap/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 8.1 &amp;nbsp; 堆" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                8.1 &nbsp; 堆
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../top_k/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 8.3 &amp;nbsp; Top-K 问题" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                8.3 &nbsp; Top-K 问题
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3695,14 +3634,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_heap/heap/index.html b/chapter_heap/heap/index.html
index 9288259f5..4e81da6a6 100644
--- a/chapter_heap/heap/index.html
+++ b/chapter_heap/heap/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3756,206 +3776,99 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取左子节点索引&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取右子节点索引&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取父节点索引&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span>  <span class="c1"># 向下整除</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向下取整</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向下整除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向下整除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 向下整除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>    <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1">// 向下整除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向下整除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向下整除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向下整除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">_left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">_right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">_parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 向下整除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取左子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取右子节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取父节点索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 获取左子节点索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="c1">// 获取右子节点索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="c1">// 获取父节点索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// return (i - 1) / 2; // 向下整除</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@divFloor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3965,86 +3878,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问堆顶元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">copied</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问堆顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 访问堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4089,315 +3967,75 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;元素入堆&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sift_up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">sift_up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a>        <span class="c1"># 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a>        <span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-13" name="__codelineno-36-13" href="#__codelineno-36-13"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-14" name="__codelineno-36-14" href="#__codelineno-36-14"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-15" name="__codelineno-36-15" href="#__codelineno-36-15"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-16" name="__codelineno-36-16" href="#__codelineno-36-16"></a>        <span class="c1"># 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-17" name="__codelineno-36-17" href="#__codelineno-36-17"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-18" name="__codelineno-36-18" href="#__codelineno-36-18"></a>        <span class="c1"># 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-19" name="__codelineno-36-19" href="#__codelineno-36-19"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">p</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">sift_up</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-16" name="__codelineno-37-16" href="#__codelineno-37-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-17" name="__codelineno-37-17" href="#__codelineno-37-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-18" name="__codelineno-37-18" href="#__codelineno-37-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-19" name="__codelineno-37-19" href="#__codelineno-37-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-20" name="__codelineno-37-20" href="#__codelineno-37-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-21" name="__codelineno-37-21" href="#__codelineno-37-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-22" name="__codelineno-37-22" href="#__codelineno-37-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-17" name="__codelineno-38-17" href="#__codelineno-38-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-18" name="__codelineno-38-18" href="#__codelineno-38-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-19" name="__codelineno-38-19" href="#__codelineno-38-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-20" name="__codelineno-38-20" href="#__codelineno-38-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-21" name="__codelineno-38-21" href="#__codelineno-38-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-22" name="__codelineno-38-22" href="#__codelineno-38-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-13" name="__codelineno-39-13" href="#__codelineno-39-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-14" name="__codelineno-39-14" href="#__codelineno-39-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”，则结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-15" name="__codelineno-39-15" href="#__codelineno-39-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-16" name="__codelineno-39-16" href="#__codelineno-39-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-17" name="__codelineno-39-17" href="#__codelineno-39-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-18" name="__codelineno-39-18" href="#__codelineno-39-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-19" name="__codelineno-39-19" href="#__codelineno-39-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-20" name="__codelineno-39-20" href="#__codelineno-39-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-21" name="__codelineno-39-21" href="#__codelineno-39-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-22" name="__codelineno-39-22" href="#__codelineno-39-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-13" name="__codelineno-40-13" href="#__codelineno-40-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-14" name="__codelineno-40-14" href="#__codelineno-40-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-15" name="__codelineno-40-15" href="#__codelineno-40-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">].(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-16" name="__codelineno-40-16" href="#__codelineno-40-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-17" name="__codelineno-40-17" href="#__codelineno-40-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-18" name="__codelineno-40-18" href="#__codelineno-40-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-19" name="__codelineno-40-19" href="#__codelineno-40-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-20" name="__codelineno-40-20" href="#__codelineno-40-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-21" name="__codelineno-40-21" href="#__codelineno-40-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-22" name="__codelineno-40-22" href="#__codelineno-40-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-23" name="__codelineno-40-23" href="#__codelineno-40-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>    <span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>    <span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">true</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-13" name="__codelineno-41-13" href="#__codelineno-41-13"></a>        <span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-14" name="__codelineno-41-14" href="#__codelineno-41-14"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">p</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-15" name="__codelineno-41-15" href="#__codelineno-41-15"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-16" name="__codelineno-41-16" href="#__codelineno-41-16"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-17" name="__codelineno-41-17" href="#__codelineno-41-17"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-18" name="__codelineno-41-18" href="#__codelineno-41-18"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-19" name="__codelineno-41-19" href="#__codelineno-41-19"></a>        <span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-20" name="__codelineno-41-20" href="#__codelineno-41-20"></a>        <span class="bp">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-21" name="__codelineno-41-21" href="#__codelineno-41-21"></a>        <span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-22" name="__codelineno-41-22" href="#__codelineno-41-22"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">p</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-23" name="__codelineno-41-23" href="#__codelineno-41-23"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-24" name="__codelineno-41-24" href="#__codelineno-41-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-13" name="__codelineno-42-13" href="#__codelineno-42-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-14" name="__codelineno-42-14" href="#__codelineno-42-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-15" name="__codelineno-42-15" href="#__codelineno-42-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-16" name="__codelineno-42-16" href="#__codelineno-42-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-17" name="__codelineno-42-17" href="#__codelineno-42-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-18" name="__codelineno-42-18" href="#__codelineno-42-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-19" name="__codelineno-42-19" href="#__codelineno-42-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-20" name="__codelineno-42-20" href="#__codelineno-42-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-21" name="__codelineno-42-21" href="#__codelineno-42-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="nx">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-13" name="__codelineno-43-13" href="#__codelineno-43-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-14" name="__codelineno-43-14" href="#__codelineno-43-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-15" name="__codelineno-43-15" href="#__codelineno-43-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-16" name="__codelineno-43-16" href="#__codelineno-43-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-17" name="__codelineno-43-17" href="#__codelineno-43-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-18" name="__codelineno-43-18" href="#__codelineno-43-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-19" name="__codelineno-43-19" href="#__codelineno-43-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-20" name="__codelineno-43-20" href="#__codelineno-43-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-21" name="__codelineno-43-21" href="#__codelineno-43-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-14" name="__codelineno-44-14" href="#__codelineno-44-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-15" name="__codelineno-44-15" href="#__codelineno-44-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-16" name="__codelineno-44-16" href="#__codelineno-44-16"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-17" name="__codelineno-44-17" href="#__codelineno-44-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-18" name="__codelineno-44-18" href="#__codelineno-44-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-19" name="__codelineno-44-19" href="#__codelineno-44-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-20" name="__codelineno-44-20" href="#__codelineno-44-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-21" name="__codelineno-44-21" href="#__codelineno-44-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-22" name="__codelineno-44-22" href="#__codelineno-44-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-23" name="__codelineno-44-23" href="#__codelineno-44-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sift_up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">sift_up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">loop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 节点 i 已经是堆顶节点了，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-13" name="__codelineno-45-13" href="#__codelineno-45-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-14" name="__codelineno-45-14" href="#__codelineno-45-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-15" name="__codelineno-45-15" href="#__codelineno-45-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-16" name="__codelineno-45-16" href="#__codelineno-45-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-17" name="__codelineno-45-17" href="#__codelineno-45-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-18" name="__codelineno-45-18" href="#__codelineno-45-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-19" name="__codelineno-45-19" href="#__codelineno-45-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-20" name="__codelineno-45-20" href="#__codelineno-45-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-21" name="__codelineno-45-21" href="#__codelineno-45-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-22" name="__codelineno-45-22" href="#__codelineno-45-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-23" name="__codelineno-45-23" href="#__codelineno-45-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-24" name="__codelineno-45-24" href="#__codelineno-45-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-25" name="__codelineno-45-25" href="#__codelineno-45-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-26" name="__codelineno-45-26" href="#__codelineno-45-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-27" name="__codelineno-45-27" href="#__codelineno-45-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">sift_up</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 默认情况下，不应该添加这么多节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_SIZE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;heap is full!&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-9" name="__codelineno-46-9" href="#__codelineno-46-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-10" name="__codelineno-46-10" href="#__codelineno-46-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-11" name="__codelineno-46-11" href="#__codelineno-46-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-12" name="__codelineno-46-12" href="#__codelineno-46-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-13" name="__codelineno-46-13" href="#__codelineno-46-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-14" name="__codelineno-46-14" href="#__codelineno-46-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-15" name="__codelineno-46-15" href="#__codelineno-46-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-16" name="__codelineno-46-16" href="#__codelineno-46-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-17" name="__codelineno-46-17" href="#__codelineno-46-17"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-18" name="__codelineno-46-18" href="#__codelineno-46-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-19" name="__codelineno-46-19" href="#__codelineno-46-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-20" name="__codelineno-46-20" href="#__codelineno-46-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-21" name="__codelineno-46-21" href="#__codelineno-46-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-22" name="__codelineno-46-22" href="#__codelineno-46-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-23" name="__codelineno-46-23" href="#__codelineno-46-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-24" name="__codelineno-46-24" href="#__codelineno-46-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-25" name="__codelineno-46-25" href="#__codelineno-46-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-26" name="__codelineno-46-26" href="#__codelineno-46-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-27" name="__codelineno-46-27" href="#__codelineno-46-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-28" name="__codelineno-46-28" href="#__codelineno-46-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-29" name="__codelineno-46-29" href="#__codelineno-46-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-30" name="__codelineno-46-30" href="#__codelineno-46-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="c1">// 元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 添加节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="c1">// 从节点 i 开始，从底至顶堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i_</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i_</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-12" name="__codelineno-47-12" href="#__codelineno-47-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-13" name="__codelineno-47-13" href="#__codelineno-47-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 i 的父节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-14" name="__codelineno-47-14" href="#__codelineno-47-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-15" name="__codelineno-47-15" href="#__codelineno-47-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时，结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-16" name="__codelineno-47-16" href="#__codelineno-47-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-17" name="__codelineno-47-17" href="#__codelineno-47-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-18" name="__codelineno-47-18" href="#__codelineno-47-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-19" name="__codelineno-47-19" href="#__codelineno-47-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向上堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-20" name="__codelineno-47-20" href="#__codelineno-47-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-21" name="__codelineno-47-21" href="#__codelineno-47-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-22" name="__codelineno-47-22" href="#__codelineno-47-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftUp</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4450,450 +4088,75 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="7:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_7_1" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_2" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_3" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_4" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_5" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_6" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_7" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_8" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_9" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_10" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_11" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_12" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_7_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_7_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_7_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_7_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_7_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_7_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_7_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_7_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_7_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_7_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;元素出堆&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a>        <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;堆为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-9" name="__codelineno-48-9" href="#__codelineno-48-9"></a>    <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-10" name="__codelineno-48-10" href="#__codelineno-48-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-11" name="__codelineno-48-11" href="#__codelineno-48-11"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-12" name="__codelineno-48-12" href="#__codelineno-48-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-13" name="__codelineno-48-13" href="#__codelineno-48-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-14" name="__codelineno-48-14" href="#__codelineno-48-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-15" name="__codelineno-48-15" href="#__codelineno-48-15"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-16" name="__codelineno-48-16" href="#__codelineno-48-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-17" name="__codelineno-48-17" href="#__codelineno-48-17"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-18" name="__codelineno-48-18" href="#__codelineno-48-18"></a>        <span class="c1"># 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-19" name="__codelineno-48-19" href="#__codelineno-48-19"></a>        <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">r</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-20" name="__codelineno-48-20" href="#__codelineno-48-20"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-21" name="__codelineno-48-21" href="#__codelineno-48-21"></a>            <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">l</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-22" name="__codelineno-48-22" href="#__codelineno-48-22"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">r</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-23" name="__codelineno-48-23" href="#__codelineno-48-23"></a>            <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">r</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-24" name="__codelineno-48-24" href="#__codelineno-48-24"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-25" name="__codelineno-48-25" href="#__codelineno-48-25"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-26" name="__codelineno-48-26" href="#__codelineno-48-26"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-27" name="__codelineno-48-27" href="#__codelineno-48-27"></a>        <span class="c1"># 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-28" name="__codelineno-48-28" href="#__codelineno-48-28"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-29" name="__codelineno-48-29" href="#__codelineno-48-29"></a>        <span class="c1"># 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-30" name="__codelineno-48-30" href="#__codelineno-48-30"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ma</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;堆为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-10" name="__codelineno-49-10" href="#__codelineno-49-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-11" name="__codelineno-49-11" href="#__codelineno-49-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-12" name="__codelineno-49-12" href="#__codelineno-49-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-13" name="__codelineno-49-13" href="#__codelineno-49-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-14" name="__codelineno-49-14" href="#__codelineno-49-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-15" name="__codelineno-49-15" href="#__codelineno-49-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-16" name="__codelineno-49-16" href="#__codelineno-49-16"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-17" name="__codelineno-49-17" href="#__codelineno-49-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-18" name="__codelineno-49-18" href="#__codelineno-49-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-19" name="__codelineno-49-19" href="#__codelineno-49-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-20" name="__codelineno-49-20" href="#__codelineno-49-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-21" name="__codelineno-49-21" href="#__codelineno-49-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-22" name="__codelineno-49-22" href="#__codelineno-49-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-23" name="__codelineno-49-23" href="#__codelineno-49-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-24" name="__codelineno-49-24" href="#__codelineno-49-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-25" name="__codelineno-49-25" href="#__codelineno-49-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-26" name="__codelineno-49-26" href="#__codelineno-49-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-27" name="__codelineno-49-27" href="#__codelineno-49-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-28" name="__codelineno-49-28" href="#__codelineno-49-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-29" name="__codelineno-49-29" href="#__codelineno-49-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-30" name="__codelineno-49-30" href="#__codelineno-49-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-31" name="__codelineno-49-31" href="#__codelineno-49-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-11" name="__codelineno-50-11" href="#__codelineno-50-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-12" name="__codelineno-50-12" href="#__codelineno-50-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-13" name="__codelineno-50-13" href="#__codelineno-50-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-14" name="__codelineno-50-14" href="#__codelineno-50-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-15" name="__codelineno-50-15" href="#__codelineno-50-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-16" name="__codelineno-50-16" href="#__codelineno-50-16"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-17" name="__codelineno-50-17" href="#__codelineno-50-17"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-18" name="__codelineno-50-18" href="#__codelineno-50-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-19" name="__codelineno-50-19" href="#__codelineno-50-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-20" name="__codelineno-50-20" href="#__codelineno-50-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-21" name="__codelineno-50-21" href="#__codelineno-50-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-22" name="__codelineno-50-22" href="#__codelineno-50-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-23" name="__codelineno-50-23" href="#__codelineno-50-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-24" name="__codelineno-50-24" href="#__codelineno-50-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-25" name="__codelineno-50-25" href="#__codelineno-50-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-26" name="__codelineno-50-26" href="#__codelineno-50-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-27" name="__codelineno-50-27" href="#__codelineno-50-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-28" name="__codelineno-50-28" href="#__codelineno-50-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-29" name="__codelineno-50-29" href="#__codelineno-50-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-30" name="__codelineno-50-30" href="#__codelineno-50-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-31" name="__codelineno-50-31" href="#__codelineno-50-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-32" name="__codelineno-50-32" href="#__codelineno-50-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-33" name="__codelineno-50-33" href="#__codelineno-50-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Last</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-13" name="__codelineno-51-13" href="#__codelineno-51-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-14" name="__codelineno-51-14" href="#__codelineno-51-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-15" name="__codelineno-51-15" href="#__codelineno-51-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-16" name="__codelineno-51-16" href="#__codelineno-51-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-17" name="__codelineno-51-17" href="#__codelineno-51-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-18" name="__codelineno-51-18" href="#__codelineno-51-18"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-19" name="__codelineno-51-19" href="#__codelineno-51-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-20" name="__codelineno-51-20" href="#__codelineno-51-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-21" name="__codelineno-51-21" href="#__codelineno-51-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-22" name="__codelineno-51-22" href="#__codelineno-51-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-23" name="__codelineno-51-23" href="#__codelineno-51-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-24" name="__codelineno-51-24" href="#__codelineno-51-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-25" name="__codelineno-51-25" href="#__codelineno-51-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-26" name="__codelineno-51-26" href="#__codelineno-51-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若“节点 i 最大”或“越过叶节点”，则结束堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-27" name="__codelineno-51-27" href="#__codelineno-51-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-28" name="__codelineno-51-28" href="#__codelineno-51-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-29" name="__codelineno-51-29" href="#__codelineno-51-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-30" name="__codelineno-51-30" href="#__codelineno-51-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-31" name="__codelineno-51-31" href="#__codelineno-51-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-32" name="__codelineno-51-32" href="#__codelineno-51-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-33" name="__codelineno-51-33" href="#__codelineno-51-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;error&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-12" name="__codelineno-52-12" href="#__codelineno-52-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-13" name="__codelineno-52-13" href="#__codelineno-52-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-14" name="__codelineno-52-14" href="#__codelineno-52-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-15" name="__codelineno-52-15" href="#__codelineno-52-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-16" name="__codelineno-52-16" href="#__codelineno-52-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-17" name="__codelineno-52-17" href="#__codelineno-52-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-18" name="__codelineno-52-18" href="#__codelineno-52-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-19" name="__codelineno-52-19" href="#__codelineno-52-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-20" name="__codelineno-52-20" href="#__codelineno-52-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-21" name="__codelineno-52-21" href="#__codelineno-52-21"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-22" name="__codelineno-52-22" href="#__codelineno-52-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-23" name="__codelineno-52-23" href="#__codelineno-52-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 max</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-24" name="__codelineno-52-24" href="#__codelineno-52-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-25" name="__codelineno-52-25" href="#__codelineno-52-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">].(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">].(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-26" name="__codelineno-52-26" href="#__codelineno-52-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-27" name="__codelineno-52-27" href="#__codelineno-52-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-28" name="__codelineno-52-28" href="#__codelineno-52-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">].(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">].(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-29" name="__codelineno-52-29" href="#__codelineno-52-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-30" name="__codelineno-52-30" href="#__codelineno-52-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-31" name="__codelineno-52-31" href="#__codelineno-52-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-32" name="__codelineno-52-32" href="#__codelineno-52-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-33" name="__codelineno-52-33" href="#__codelineno-52-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-34" name="__codelineno-52-34" href="#__codelineno-52-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-35" name="__codelineno-52-35" href="#__codelineno-52-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-36" name="__codelineno-52-36" href="#__codelineno-52-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-37" name="__codelineno-52-37" href="#__codelineno-52-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-38" name="__codelineno-52-38" href="#__codelineno-52-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-39" name="__codelineno-52-39" href="#__codelineno-52-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-40" name="__codelineno-52-40" href="#__codelineno-52-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>        <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;堆为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>    <span class="bp">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-10" name="__codelineno-53-10" href="#__codelineno-53-10"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">at</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-12" name="__codelineno-53-12" href="#__codelineno-53-12"></a>    <span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-13" name="__codelineno-53-13" href="#__codelineno-53-13"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-14" name="__codelineno-53-14" href="#__codelineno-53-14"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-15" name="__codelineno-53-15" href="#__codelineno-53-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-16" name="__codelineno-53-16" href="#__codelineno-53-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-17" name="__codelineno-53-17" href="#__codelineno-53-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-18" name="__codelineno-53-18" href="#__codelineno-53-18"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-19" name="__codelineno-53-19" href="#__codelineno-53-19"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-20" name="__codelineno-53-20" href="#__codelineno-53-20"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">true</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-21" name="__codelineno-53-21" href="#__codelineno-53-21"></a>        <span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-22" name="__codelineno-53-22" href="#__codelineno-53-22"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">l</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-23" name="__codelineno-53-23" href="#__codelineno-53-23"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">r</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-24" name="__codelineno-53-24" href="#__codelineno-53-24"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">ma</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-25" name="__codelineno-53-25" href="#__codelineno-53-25"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-26" name="__codelineno-53-26" href="#__codelineno-53-26"></a>            <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">l</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-27" name="__codelineno-53-27" href="#__codelineno-53-27"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-28" name="__codelineno-53-28" href="#__codelineno-53-28"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">r</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-29" name="__codelineno-53-29" href="#__codelineno-53-29"></a>            <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">r</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-30" name="__codelineno-53-30" href="#__codelineno-53-30"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-31" name="__codelineno-53-31" href="#__codelineno-53-31"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-32" name="__codelineno-53-32" href="#__codelineno-53-32"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-33" name="__codelineno-53-33" href="#__codelineno-53-33"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-34" name="__codelineno-53-34" href="#__codelineno-53-34"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-35" name="__codelineno-53-35" href="#__codelineno-53-35"></a>        <span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-36" name="__codelineno-53-36" href="#__codelineno-53-36"></a>        <span class="bp">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-37" name="__codelineno-53-37" href="#__codelineno-53-37"></a>        <span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-38" name="__codelineno-53-38" href="#__codelineno-53-38"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-39" name="__codelineno-53-39" href="#__codelineno-53-39"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-40" name="__codelineno-53-40" href="#__codelineno-53-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;堆为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-12" name="__codelineno-54-12" href="#__codelineno-54-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-13" name="__codelineno-54-13" href="#__codelineno-54-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-14" name="__codelineno-54-14" href="#__codelineno-54-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-15" name="__codelineno-54-15" href="#__codelineno-54-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-16" name="__codelineno-54-16" href="#__codelineno-54-16"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-17" name="__codelineno-54-17" href="#__codelineno-54-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-18" name="__codelineno-54-18" href="#__codelineno-54-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-19" name="__codelineno-54-19" href="#__codelineno-54-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-20" name="__codelineno-54-20" href="#__codelineno-54-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-21" name="__codelineno-54-21" href="#__codelineno-54-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-22" name="__codelineno-54-22" href="#__codelineno-54-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-23" name="__codelineno-54-23" href="#__codelineno-54-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-24" name="__codelineno-54-24" href="#__codelineno-54-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-25" name="__codelineno-54-25" href="#__codelineno-54-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-26" name="__codelineno-54-26" href="#__codelineno-54-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-27" name="__codelineno-54-27" href="#__codelineno-54-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-28" name="__codelineno-54-28" href="#__codelineno-54-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-29" name="__codelineno-54-29" href="#__codelineno-54-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-30" name="__codelineno-54-30" href="#__codelineno-54-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-31" name="__codelineno-54-31" href="#__codelineno-54-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Heap is empty.&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-12" name="__codelineno-55-12" href="#__codelineno-55-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-13" name="__codelineno-55-13" href="#__codelineno-55-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-14" name="__codelineno-55-14" href="#__codelineno-55-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-15" name="__codelineno-55-15" href="#__codelineno-55-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-16" name="__codelineno-55-16" href="#__codelineno-55-16"></a><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-17" name="__codelineno-55-17" href="#__codelineno-55-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-18" name="__codelineno-55-18" href="#__codelineno-55-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-19" name="__codelineno-55-19" href="#__codelineno-55-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-20" name="__codelineno-55-20" href="#__codelineno-55-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-21" name="__codelineno-55-21" href="#__codelineno-55-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-22" name="__codelineno-55-22" href="#__codelineno-55-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-23" name="__codelineno-55-23" href="#__codelineno-55-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-24" name="__codelineno-55-24" href="#__codelineno-55-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-25" name="__codelineno-55-25" href="#__codelineno-55-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-26" name="__codelineno-55-26" href="#__codelineno-55-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-27" name="__codelineno-55-27" href="#__codelineno-55-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-28" name="__codelineno-55-28" href="#__codelineno-55-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-29" name="__codelineno-55-29" href="#__codelineno-55-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-30" name="__codelineno-55-30" href="#__codelineno-55-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-31" name="__codelineno-55-31" href="#__codelineno-55-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;堆为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-10" name="__codelineno-56-10" href="#__codelineno-56-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-12" name="__codelineno-56-12" href="#__codelineno-56-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-13" name="__codelineno-56-13" href="#__codelineno-56-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-14" name="__codelineno-56-14" href="#__codelineno-56-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-15" name="__codelineno-56-15" href="#__codelineno-56-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-16" name="__codelineno-56-16" href="#__codelineno-56-16"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-17" name="__codelineno-56-17" href="#__codelineno-56-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-18" name="__codelineno-56-18" href="#__codelineno-56-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-19" name="__codelineno-56-19" href="#__codelineno-56-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-20" name="__codelineno-56-20" href="#__codelineno-56-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-21" name="__codelineno-56-21" href="#__codelineno-56-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-22" name="__codelineno-56-22" href="#__codelineno-56-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-23" name="__codelineno-56-23" href="#__codelineno-56-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_maxHeap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-24" name="__codelineno-56-24" href="#__codelineno-56-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-25" name="__codelineno-56-25" href="#__codelineno-56-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-26" name="__codelineno-56-26" href="#__codelineno-56-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-27" name="__codelineno-56-27" href="#__codelineno-56-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-28" name="__codelineno-56-28" href="#__codelineno-56-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-29" name="__codelineno-56-29" href="#__codelineno-56-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-30" name="__codelineno-56-30" href="#__codelineno-56-30"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-31" name="__codelineno-56-31" href="#__codelineno-56-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;index out of bounds&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-12" name="__codelineno-57-12" href="#__codelineno-57-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-13" name="__codelineno-57-13" href="#__codelineno-57-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-14" name="__codelineno-57-14" href="#__codelineno-57-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-15" name="__codelineno-57-15" href="#__codelineno-57-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-16" name="__codelineno-57-16" href="#__codelineno-57-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-17" name="__codelineno-57-17" href="#__codelineno-57-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-18" name="__codelineno-57-18" href="#__codelineno-57-18"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-19" name="__codelineno-57-19" href="#__codelineno-57-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">loop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-20" name="__codelineno-57-20" href="#__codelineno-57-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-21" name="__codelineno-57-21" href="#__codelineno-57-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-22" name="__codelineno-57-22" href="#__codelineno-57-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-23" name="__codelineno-57-23" href="#__codelineno-57-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-24" name="__codelineno-57-24" href="#__codelineno-57-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-25" name="__codelineno-57-25" href="#__codelineno-57-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-26" name="__codelineno-57-26" href="#__codelineno-57-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-27" name="__codelineno-57-27" href="#__codelineno-57-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-28" name="__codelineno-57-28" href="#__codelineno-57-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-29" name="__codelineno-57-29" href="#__codelineno-57-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-30" name="__codelineno-57-30" href="#__codelineno-57-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-31" name="__codelineno-57-31" href="#__codelineno-57-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-32" name="__codelineno-57-32" href="#__codelineno-57-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-33" name="__codelineno-57-33" href="#__codelineno-57-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-34" name="__codelineno-57-34" href="#__codelineno-57-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-35" name="__codelineno-57-35" href="#__codelineno-57-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-36" name="__codelineno-57-36" href="#__codelineno-57-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-37" name="__codelineno-57-37" href="#__codelineno-57-37"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;heap is empty!&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-11" name="__codelineno-58-11" href="#__codelineno-58-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-12" name="__codelineno-58-12" href="#__codelineno-58-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-13" name="__codelineno-58-13" href="#__codelineno-58-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-14" name="__codelineno-58-14" href="#__codelineno-58-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-15" name="__codelineno-58-15" href="#__codelineno-58-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-16" name="__codelineno-58-16" href="#__codelineno-58-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-17" name="__codelineno-58-17" href="#__codelineno-58-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-18" name="__codelineno-58-18" href="#__codelineno-58-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-19" name="__codelineno-58-19" href="#__codelineno-58-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-20" name="__codelineno-58-20" href="#__codelineno-58-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-21" name="__codelineno-58-21" href="#__codelineno-58-21"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-22" name="__codelineno-58-22" href="#__codelineno-58-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-23" name="__codelineno-58-23" href="#__codelineno-58-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 max</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-24" name="__codelineno-58-24" href="#__codelineno-58-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-25" name="__codelineno-58-25" href="#__codelineno-58-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-26" name="__codelineno-58-26" href="#__codelineno-58-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-27" name="__codelineno-58-27" href="#__codelineno-58-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-28" name="__codelineno-58-28" href="#__codelineno-58-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-29" name="__codelineno-58-29" href="#__codelineno-58-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-30" name="__codelineno-58-30" href="#__codelineno-58-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-31" name="__codelineno-58-31" href="#__codelineno-58-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-32" name="__codelineno-58-32" href="#__codelineno-58-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-33" name="__codelineno-58-33" href="#__codelineno-58-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-34" name="__codelineno-58-34" href="#__codelineno-58-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-35" name="__codelineno-58-35" href="#__codelineno-58-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-36" name="__codelineno-58-36" href="#__codelineno-58-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-37" name="__codelineno-58-37" href="#__codelineno-58-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-38" name="__codelineno-58-38" href="#__codelineno-58-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-39" name="__codelineno-58-39" href="#__codelineno-58-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-40" name="__codelineno-58-40" href="#__codelineno-58-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-41" name="__codelineno-58-41" href="#__codelineno-58-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-42" name="__codelineno-58-42" href="#__codelineno-58-42"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="c1">// 元素出堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判断处理</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">unreachable</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-11" name="__codelineno-59-11" href="#__codelineno-59-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回堆顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-12" name="__codelineno-59-12" href="#__codelineno-59-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-13" name="__codelineno-59-13" href="#__codelineno-59-13"></a><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-14" name="__codelineno-59-14" href="#__codelineno-59-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-15" name="__codelineno-59-15" href="#__codelineno-59-15"></a><span class="c1">// 从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-16" name="__codelineno-59-16" href="#__codelineno-59-16"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i_</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-17" name="__codelineno-59-17" href="#__codelineno-59-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i_</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-18" name="__codelineno-59-18" href="#__codelineno-59-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-19" name="__codelineno-59-19" href="#__codelineno-59-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-20" name="__codelineno-59-20" href="#__codelineno-59-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-21" name="__codelineno-59-21" href="#__codelineno-59-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-22" name="__codelineno-59-22" href="#__codelineno-59-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-23" name="__codelineno-59-23" href="#__codelineno-59-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-24" name="__codelineno-59-24" href="#__codelineno-59-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">max_heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-25" name="__codelineno-59-25" href="#__codelineno-59-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-26" name="__codelineno-59-26" href="#__codelineno-59-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-27" name="__codelineno-59-27" href="#__codelineno-59-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-28" name="__codelineno-59-28" href="#__codelineno-59-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-29" name="__codelineno-59-29" href="#__codelineno-59-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-30" name="__codelineno-59-30" href="#__codelineno-59-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-31" name="__codelineno-59-31" href="#__codelineno-59-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-32" name="__codelineno-59-32" href="#__codelineno-59-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4971,7 +4234,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -5037,31 +4305,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 第 8 章 &amp;nbsp; 堆" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                第 8 章 &nbsp; 堆
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../build_heap/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 8.2 &amp;nbsp; 建堆操作" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                8.2 &nbsp; 建堆操作
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -5071,14 +4356,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_heap/index.html b/chapter_heap/index.html
index 59a9dec38..b056557fe 100644
--- a/chapter_heap/index.html
+++ b/chapter_heap/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3331,7 +3351,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3397,31 +3422,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 7.6 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                7.6 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="heap/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 8.1 &amp;nbsp; 堆" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                8.1 &nbsp; 堆
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3431,14 +3473,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
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 </div>
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         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_heap/summary/index.html b/chapter_heap/summary/index.html
index fd96d74b4..2e3f64b08 100644
--- a/chapter_heap/summary/index.html
+++ b/chapter_heap/summary/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3392,7 +3412,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3458,31 +3483,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../top_k/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 8.3 &amp;nbsp; Top-K 问题" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                8.3 &nbsp; Top-K 问题
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../../chapter_graph/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 第 9 章 &amp;nbsp; 图" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                第 9 章 &nbsp; 图
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3492,14 +3534,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
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 </div>
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-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_heap/top_k/index.html b/chapter_heap/top_k/index.html
index 96da515b7..736b4a188 100644
--- a/chapter_heap/top_k/index.html
+++ b/chapter_heap/top_k/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3391,201 +3411,43 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">top_k_heap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">k</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">heap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="n">heapq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">heappush</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若当前元素大于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>            <span class="n">heapq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">heappop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>            <span class="n">heapq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">heappush</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">heap</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">top_k_heap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">priority_queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">greater</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">topKHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">priority_queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">greater</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若当前元素大于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">topKHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">topKHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PriorityQueue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若当前元素大于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">peek</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">poll</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">top_k</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">topKHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="n">PriorityQueue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">topKHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">PriorityQueue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PriorityQueue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若当前元素大于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Peek</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Dequeue</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">top_k</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">topKHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">topKHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">minHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">minHeap</span><span class="p">{}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若当前元素大于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Top</span><span class="p">().(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">topKHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">topKHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">k</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">heap</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">prefix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">k</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若当前元素大于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">!</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>            <span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>            <span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">at</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">heap</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">topKHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">topKHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用大顶堆 MaxHeap ，对数组 nums 取相反数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">slice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若当前元素小于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 取出堆中元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getMaxHeap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 对堆中元素取相反数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">invertedMaxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">invertedMaxHeap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">topKHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">topKHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将堆中所有元素取反，从而用大顶堆来模拟小顶堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MaxHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">slice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若当前元素小于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">invertedNums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 取出堆中元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getMaxHeap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 对堆中元素取相反数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">invertedMaxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">invertedMaxHeap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">topKHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">MinHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">topKHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">MinHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MinHeap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sublist</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若当前元素大于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">topKHeap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">top_k_heap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">BinaryHeap</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Reverse</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// Rust 的 BinaryHeap 是大顶堆，使用 Reverse 将元素大小反转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BinaryHeap</span>::<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Reverse</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Reverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从第 k+1 个元素开始，保持堆的长度为 k</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">skip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若当前元素大于堆顶元素，则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Reverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">heap</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">top_k.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">top_k_heap</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
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   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
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@@ -3386,31 +3411,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
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-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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+                上一页
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+                下一页
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+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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diff --git a/chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/index.html b/chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/index.html
index 36faf563d..8c1d535d9 100644
--- a/chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/index.html
+++ b/chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
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+    <div class="md-select__inner">
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+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3460,7 +3480,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
+    
+    
+  
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+
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@@ -3526,31 +3551,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+        
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+          <a href="../summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 1.3 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="next">
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+                下一页
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+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -3560,14 +3602,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_preface/about_the_book/index.html b/chapter_preface/about_the_book/index.html
index ccf587caa..a9dee2e1c 100644
--- a/chapter_preface/about_the_book/index.html
+++ b/chapter_preface/about_the_book/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
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+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3427,7 +3447,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
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@@ -3493,31 +3518,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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-<footer class="md-footer">
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
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+          </a>
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+        
+          
+          <a href="../suggestions/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 0.2 &amp;nbsp; 如何使用本书" rel="next">
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
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+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -3527,14 +3569,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_preface/index.html b/chapter_preface/index.html
index 7697911b4..836401d26 100644
--- a/chapter_preface/index.html
+++ b/chapter_preface/index.html
@@ -161,6 +161,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
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+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
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+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3307,7 +3327,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
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@@ -3373,31 +3398,32 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
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+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -3407,14 +3433,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_preface/suggestions/index.html b/chapter_preface/suggestions/index.html
index 53aeb306d..40edfa233 100644
--- a/chapter_preface/suggestions/index.html
+++ b/chapter_preface/suggestions/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3608,7 +3628,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
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     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3674,31 +3699,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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-<!-- Footer -->
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-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
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     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -3708,14 +3750,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
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-  
 </div>
-
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         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_preface/summary/index.html b/chapter_preface/summary/index.html
index ff1a04a3a..fbfe79d8c 100644
--- a/chapter_preface/summary/index.html
+++ b/chapter_preface/summary/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3319,7 +3339,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3385,31 +3410,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../suggestions/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 0.2 &amp;nbsp; 如何使用本书" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                0.2 &nbsp; 如何使用本书
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../../chapter_introduction/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 第 1 章 &amp;nbsp; 初识算法" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                第 1 章 &nbsp; 初识算法
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -3419,14 +3461,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
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diff --git a/chapter_reference/index.html b/chapter_reference/index.html
index e0a5ee66d..93d957ef1 100644
--- a/chapter_reference/index.html
+++ b/chapter_reference/index.html
@@ -161,6 +161,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3304,31 +3324,32 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../chapter_appendix/contribution/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 16.2 &amp;nbsp; 一起参与创作" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                16.2 &nbsp; 一起参与创作
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3338,14 +3359,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_searching/binary_search/index.html b/chapter_searching/binary_search/index.html
index c77e6e493..8bc2bf402 100644
--- a/chapter_searching/binary_search/index.html
+++ b/chapter_searching/binary_search/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3361,260 +3381,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">binary_search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二分查找（双闭区间）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="c1"># 理论上 Python 的数字可以无限大（取决于内存大小），无须考虑大数越界问题</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span>  <span class="c1"># 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span>  <span class="c1"># 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_search</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w">                       </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_search</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m ，使用 parseInt() 向下取整</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">parseInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">binary_search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">                      </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">                       </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（双闭区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 二分查找（双闭区间）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i &gt; j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">                                </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearch</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3627,260 +3438,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_lcro</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二分查找（左闭右开）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span>  <span class="c1"># 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">m</span>  <span class="c1"># 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span>  <span class="c1"># 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_lcro</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_search</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w">                       </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_search</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>    <span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m ，使用 parseInt() 向下取整</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">parseInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开区间） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_lcro</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">                      </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">                       </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_lcro</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找（左闭右开） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 二分查找（左闭右开）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ，即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环，当搜索区间为空时跳出（当 i = j 时为空）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">                                </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标元素，返回其索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到目标元素，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLCRO</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3969,7 +3571,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -4035,31 +3642,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
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-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 第 10 章 &amp;nbsp; 搜索" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                第 10 章 &nbsp; 搜索
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../binary_search_insertion/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 10.2 &amp;nbsp; 二分查找插入点" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.2 &nbsp; 二分查找插入点
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -4069,14 +3693,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/index.html b/chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/index.html
index e23ee3391..1be12b100 100644
--- a/chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/index.html
+++ b/chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3365,155 +3385,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_left_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二分查找最左一个 target&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_left_edge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_search_edge</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_search_edge</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_left_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_left_edge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最左一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 等价于查找 target 的插入点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchLeftEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3535,177 +3447,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_right_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二分查找最右一个 target&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">j</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_right_edge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_search_edge</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_search_edge</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_right_edge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_right_edge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找最右一个 target */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// j 指向最右一个 target ，i 指向首个大于 target 的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回 -1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_edge.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchRightEdge</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3796,7 +3578,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3862,31 +3649,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../binary_search_insertion/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 10.2 &amp;nbsp; 二分查找插入点" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.2 &nbsp; 二分查找插入点
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../replace_linear_by_hashing/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 10.4 &amp;nbsp; 哈希优化策略" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.4 &nbsp; 哈希优化策略
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3896,14 +3700,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/index.html b/chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/index.html
index 663ae1fdc..50a2a2e21 100644
--- a/chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/index.html
+++ b/chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3328,219 +3348,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_insertion_simple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二分查找插入点（无重复元素）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span>  <span class="c1"># 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span>  <span class="c1"># 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion_simple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（无重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（无重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（无重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（无重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（无重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（无重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m, 使用 Math.floor() 向下取整</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（无重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m, 使用 Math.floor() 向下取整</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（无重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（无重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 找到 target ，返回插入点 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 未找到 target ，返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertionSimple</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3605,216 +3453,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二分查找插入点（存在重复元素）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>        <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span>  <span class="c1"># 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m, 使用 Math.floor() 向下取整</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m, 使用 Math.floor() 向下取整</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binary_search_insertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二分查找插入点（存在重复元素） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点索引 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回插入点 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_insertion.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchInsertion</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3896,7 +3575,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3962,31 +3646,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../binary_search/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 10.1 &amp;nbsp; 二分查找" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.1 &nbsp; 二分查找
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../binary_search_edge/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 10.3 &amp;nbsp; 二分查找边界" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.3 &nbsp; 二分查找边界
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3996,14 +3697,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_searching/index.html b/chapter_searching/index.html
index 93ed2d3d5..f6d52e766 100644
--- a/chapter_searching/index.html
+++ b/chapter_searching/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
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+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3333,7 +3353,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3399,31 +3424,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 9.4 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                9.4 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="binary_search/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 10.1 &amp;nbsp; 二分查找" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.1 &nbsp; 二分查找
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3433,14 +3475,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
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 </div>
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diff --git a/chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/index.html b/chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/index.html
index eff7aacd2..a1be36215 100644
--- a/chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/index.html
+++ b/chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3323,188 +3343,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">two_sum_brute_force</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;方法一：暴力枚举&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>                <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">two_sum_brute_force</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一：暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一：暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">two_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一：暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Empty</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">two_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一：暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一：暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">dropLast</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">dropFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>                <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一：暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一：暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一： 暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一：暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">two_sum_brute_force</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">two_sum_brute_force</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法一：暴力枚举 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">returnSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">++</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">returnSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">returnSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 方法一：暴力枚举</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 两层循环，时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumBruteForce</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3535,233 +3418,53 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">two_sum_hash_table</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;方法二：辅助哈希表&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="n">dic</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>        <span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">two_sum_hash_table</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二：辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">unordered_map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">emplace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二：辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">two_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二：辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Dictionary</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ContainsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Empty</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">two_sum</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二：辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preIdx</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashTable</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ok</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">preIdx</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">hashTable</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">idx</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二：辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">dic</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[:]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">target</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>        <span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二：辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二：辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二： 辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">containsKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">putIfAbsent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二：辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">two_sum_hash_table</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">enumerate</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">]),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">two_sum_hash_table</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">UT_hash_handle</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hh</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 基于 uthash.h 实现</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希表查询 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">HASH_FIND_INT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希表元素插入 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">HASH_ADD_INT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 方法二：辅助哈希表 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">returnSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">hashtable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numsSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashtable</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-37" name="__codelineno-22-37" href="#__codelineno-22-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">returnSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-38" name="__codelineno-22-38" href="#__codelineno-22-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-39" name="__codelineno-22-39" href="#__codelineno-22-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-40" name="__codelineno-22-40" href="#__codelineno-22-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashtable</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-41" name="__codelineno-22-41" href="#__codelineno-22-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-42" name="__codelineno-22-42" href="#__codelineno-22-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">returnSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-43" name="__codelineno-22-43" href="#__codelineno-22-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-44" name="__codelineno-22-44" href="#__codelineno-22-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">hashTable</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 方法二：辅助哈希表</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!?</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 辅助哈希表，空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">AutoHashMap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 单层循环，时间复杂度 O(n)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]).</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dic</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@intCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">two_sum.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">twoSumHashTable</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3835,7 +3538,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3901,31 +3609,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
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+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
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+          <a href="../searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 10.5 &amp;nbsp; 重识搜索算法" rel="next">
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.5 &nbsp; 重识搜索算法
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+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+      </nav>
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+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -3935,14 +3660,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
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--- a/chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/index.html
+++ b/chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
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+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3511,7 +3531,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3577,31 +3602,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.4 &nbsp; 哈希优化策略
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+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 10.6 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.6 &nbsp; 小结
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+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
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+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -3611,14 +3653,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_searching/summary/index.html b/chapter_searching/summary/index.html
index 188314337..54bbb2566 100644
--- a/chapter_searching/summary/index.html
+++ b/chapter_searching/summary/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
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+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3319,7 +3339,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3385,31 +3410,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 10.5 &amp;nbsp; 重识搜索算法" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.5 &nbsp; 重识搜索算法
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../../chapter_sorting/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 第 11 章 &amp;nbsp; 排序" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                第 11 章 &nbsp; 排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3419,14 +3461,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
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diff --git a/chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/index.html b/chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/index.html
index 905063055..d5b64f180 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3367,212 +3387,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;冒泡排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="c1"># 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>                <span class="c1"># 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 这里使用了 std::swap() 函数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>                <span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>                <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">tmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 冒泡排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3583,255 +3442,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">bubble_sort_with_flag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;冒泡排序（标志优化）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>        <span class="n">flag</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>  <span class="c1"># 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="c1"># 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>                <span class="c1"># 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>                <span class="n">flag</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>  <span class="c1"># 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">flag</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>  <span class="c1"># 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubble_sort_with_flag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 这里使用了 std::swap() 函数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">flag</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span> <span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>                <span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>                <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">tmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>                <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>                <span class="n">flag</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span> <span class="c1">// 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">flag</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">flag</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">flag</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">bubble_sort_with_flag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 记录交换元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubble_sort_with_flag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 冒泡排序（标志优化）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 冒泡排序（标志优化）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 初始化标志位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将未排序区间 [0, i] 中的最大元素交换至该区间的最右端 </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 此轮冒泡未交换任何元素，直接跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bubble_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bubbleSortWithFlag</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3909,7 +3564,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3975,31 +3635,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../selection_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 11.2 &amp;nbsp; 选择排序" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.2 &nbsp; 选择排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../insertion_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.4 &amp;nbsp; 插入排序" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.4 &nbsp; 插入排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -4009,14 +3686,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/index.html b/chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/index.html
index a7dd84f43..f2c6bf492 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3339,347 +3359,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">bucket_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;桶排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">k</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="c1"># 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">k</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="c1"># 将 num 添加进桶 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>        <span class="c1"># 使用内置排序函数，也可以替换成其他排序算法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>        <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>    <span class="c1"># 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>    <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bucket_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bucketSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加进桶 bucket_idx</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置排序函数，也可以替换成其他排序算法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bucketSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bucketSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Float</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加进桶 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Float</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置排序函数，也可以替换成其他排序算法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Collections</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Float</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">bucket_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">bucketSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bucketSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加进桶 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置排序函数，也可以替换成其他排序算法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Sort</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">bucket_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bucketSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加进桶 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置切片排序函数，也可以替换成其他排序算法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Float64s</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bucketSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">bucketSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">k</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">buckets</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">k</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="bp">map</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">]()</span> <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="c1">// 将 num 添加进桶 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="c1">// 使用内置排序函数，也可以替换成其他排序算法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>        <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="bp">sort</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startIndex</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">formIndex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">after</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bucketSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加进桶 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置排序函数，也可以替换成其他排序算法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bucketSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucketSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">([]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加进桶 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置排序函数，也可以替换成其他排序算法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">bucketSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">toInt</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加进桶 bucket_idx</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bucketSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">bucket_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">f64</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加进桶 i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置排序函数，也可以替换成其他排序算法</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">partial_cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bucket_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 桶排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">bucketSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 k = n/2 个桶，预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">calloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 每个桶最多可以分配 k 个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">calloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ARRAY_SIZE</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 输入数据范围 [0, 1)，使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket_idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果桶中有数据且数据小于当前值 nums[i], 要将其放到当前桶的后面，相当于 cpp 中的 push_back</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">bucket_idx</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">bucket_idx</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ARRAY_SIZE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">bucket_idx</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">bucket_idx</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">bucket_idx</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 对各个桶执行排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">qsort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ARRAY_SIZE</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">compare_float</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历桶合并结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ARRAY_SIZE</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-42" name="__codelineno-10-42" href="#__codelineno-10-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放上述分配的内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-43" name="__codelineno-10-43" href="#__codelineno-10-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-44" name="__codelineno-10-44" href="#__codelineno-10-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-45" name="__codelineno-10-45" href="#__codelineno-10-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-46" name="__codelineno-10-46" href="#__codelineno-10-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-47" name="__codelineno-10-47" href="#__codelineno-10-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">bucket_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">bucketSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3774,7 +3494,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3840,31 +3565,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../heap_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 11.7 &amp;nbsp; 堆排序" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.7 &nbsp; 堆排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../counting_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.9 &amp;nbsp; 计数排序" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.9 &nbsp; 计数排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3874,14 +3616,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_sorting/counting_sort/index.html b/chapter_sorting/counting_sort/index.html
index 54de0b3ad..99a08fe72 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/counting_sort/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/counting_sort/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3352,274 +3372,47 @@
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">counting_sort_naive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;计数排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="n">counter</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="c1"># 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">counting_sort_naive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">]++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">counting_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">counting_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">!</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">counter</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kc">_</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">counting_sort_naive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">into_iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">counting_sort_naive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="c1">// 简单实现，无法用于排序对象</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 遍历 counter ，将各元素填入原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortNaive</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3678,381 +3471,47 @@
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">counting_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;计数排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="n">counter</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>    <span class="c1"># 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>    <span class="c1"># 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>        <span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>  <span class="c1"># 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>    <span class="c1"># 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">counting_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">]++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">]--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">counting_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">countingSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">counting_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">countingSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-35" name="__codelineno-16-35" href="#__codelineno-16-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">countingSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">countingSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">!</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">counter</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>    <span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>    <span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>    <span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>    <span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">countingSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">countingSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">countingSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">countingSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">countingSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">setAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">counting_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">into_iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">counting_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="c1">// 完整实现，可排序对象，并且是稳定排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 统计数组最大元素 m</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 统计各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 3. 求 counter 的前缀和，将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 4. 倒序遍历 nums ，将各元素填入结果数组 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 放置到对应索引处</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 令前缀和自减 1 ，得到下次放置 num 的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">memcpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">counting_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4138,7 +3597,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
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+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
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@@ -4204,31 +3668,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
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-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
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-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../bucket_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 11.8 &amp;nbsp; 桶排序" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.8 &nbsp; 桶排序
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+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../radix_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.10 &amp;nbsp; 基数排序" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.10 &nbsp; 基数排序
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -4238,14 +3719,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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-      Material for MkDocs
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diff --git a/chapter_sorting/heap_sort/index.html b/chapter_sorting/heap_sort/index.html
index 8232d0385..52bc79d7f 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/heap_sort/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/heap_sort/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
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+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
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       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3378,447 +3398,69 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>        <span class="c1"># 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="n">r</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>            <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">l</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">r</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>            <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">r</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>        <span class="c1"># 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>        <span class="c1"># 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">heap_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;堆排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>    <span class="c1"># 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>        <span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>    <span class="c1"># 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-27" name="__codelineno-0-27" href="#__codelineno-0-27"></a>        <span class="c1"># 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-29" name="__codelineno-0-29" href="#__codelineno-0-29"></a>        <span class="c1"># 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-30" name="__codelineno-0-30" href="#__codelineno-0-30"></a>        <span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">heap_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">heapSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">--</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">--</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33" href="#__codelineno-1-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-34" name="__codelineno-1-34" href="#__codelineno-1-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-35" name="__codelineno-1-35" href="#__codelineno-1-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-36" name="__codelineno-1-36" href="#__codelineno-1-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">heapSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">heapSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-34" name="__codelineno-2-34" href="#__codelineno-2-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-35" name="__codelineno-2-35" href="#__codelineno-2-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-36" name="__codelineno-2-36" href="#__codelineno-2-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-37" name="__codelineno-2-37" href="#__codelineno-2-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-38" name="__codelineno-2-38" href="#__codelineno-2-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-39" name="__codelineno-2-39" href="#__codelineno-2-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">heap_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">heap_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">heapSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">heapSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-31" name="__codelineno-3-31" href="#__codelineno-3-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-32" name="__codelineno-3-32" href="#__codelineno-3-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">heap_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">heap_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">heapSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heapSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-33" name="__codelineno-4-33" href="#__codelineno-4-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-34" name="__codelineno-4-34" href="#__codelineno-4-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-35" name="__codelineno-4-35" href="#__codelineno-4-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-36" name="__codelineno-4-36" href="#__codelineno-4-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-37" name="__codelineno-4-37" href="#__codelineno-4-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-38" name="__codelineno-4-38" href="#__codelineno-4-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">heapSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">true</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">l</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">r</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">ma</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>            <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">l</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">r</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>            <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">r</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">ma</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>        <span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swapAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>        <span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>        <span class="n">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">heapSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>    <span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>        <span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a>    <span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a>        <span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swapAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a>        <span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a>        <span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-39" name="__codelineno-5-39" href="#__codelineno-5-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">heapSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heapSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-31" name="__codelineno-6-31" href="#__codelineno-6-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-32" name="__codelineno-6-32" href="#__codelineno-6-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-33" name="__codelineno-6-33" href="#__codelineno-6-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-34" name="__codelineno-6-34" href="#__codelineno-6-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-35" name="__codelineno-6-35" href="#__codelineno-6-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-36" name="__codelineno-6-36" href="#__codelineno-6-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-37" name="__codelineno-6-37" href="#__codelineno-6-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-38" name="__codelineno-6-38" href="#__codelineno-6-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">heapSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heapSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-35" name="__codelineno-7-35" href="#__codelineno-7-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-36" name="__codelineno-7-36" href="#__codelineno-7-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-37" name="__codelineno-7-37" href="#__codelineno-7-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-38" name="__codelineno-7-38" href="#__codelineno-7-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">heapSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">heapSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-36" name="__codelineno-8-36" href="#__codelineno-8-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">heapSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">loop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">heap_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-31" name="__codelineno-9-31" href="#__codelineno-9-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-32" name="__codelineno-9-32" href="#__codelineno-9-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-33" name="__codelineno-9-33" href="#__codelineno-9-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-34" name="__codelineno-9-34" href="#__codelineno-9-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-35" name="__codelineno-9-35" href="#__codelineno-9-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-37" name="__codelineno-9-37" href="#__codelineno-9-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-39" name="__codelineno-9-39" href="#__codelineno-9-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-40" name="__codelineno-9-40" href="#__codelineno-9-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-41" name="__codelineno-9-41" href="#__codelineno-9-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-42" name="__codelineno-9-42" href="#__codelineno-9-42"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">sift_down</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">heap_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆的长度为 n ，从节点 i 开始，从顶至底堆化 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点，记为 ma</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界，则无须继续堆化，跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换两节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 循环向下堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ma</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 堆排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">heapSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 建堆操作：堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">--</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 从堆中提取最大元素，循环 n-1 轮</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">--</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换根节点与最右叶节点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 以根节点为起点，从顶至底进行堆化</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">heapSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3902,7 +3544,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3968,31 +3615,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../merge_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 11.6 &amp;nbsp; 归并排序" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.6 &nbsp; 归并排序
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+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../bucket_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.8 &amp;nbsp; 桶排序" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.8 &nbsp; 桶排序
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -4002,14 +3666,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_sorting/index.html b/chapter_sorting/index.html
index 025418f8f..fc8841e93 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3338,7 +3358,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3404,31 +3429,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 10.6 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                10.6 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="sorting_algorithm/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.1 &amp;nbsp; 排序算法" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.1 &nbsp; 排序算法
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3438,14 +3480,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/index.html b/chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/index.html
index cb354b30e..1c67f8fcc 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3344,200 +3364,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">insertion_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;插入排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 外循环：已排序区间为 [0, i-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>        <span class="n">base</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="c1"># 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序区间 [0, i-1] 中的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">base</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>  <span class="c1"># 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">base</span>  <span class="c1"># 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertion_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">insertion_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bas</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">insertion_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [0, i]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">base</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>        <span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">base</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">base</span> <span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">insertion_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertion_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 插入排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：已排序元素数量为 1, 2, ..., n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：将 base 插入到已排序部分的正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将 nums[j] 向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">base</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 将 base 赋值到正确位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">insertion_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3625,7 +3496,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
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+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
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@@ -3691,31 +3567,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../bubble_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 11.3 &amp;nbsp; 冒泡排序" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.3 &nbsp; 冒泡排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../quick_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.5 &amp;nbsp; 快速排序" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.5 &nbsp; 快速排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3725,14 +3618,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
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-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_sorting/merge_sort/index.html b/chapter_sorting/merge_sort/index.html
index 7b5852cdc..fc67bc9b5 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/merge_sort/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/merge_sort/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
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+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3383,540 +3403,75 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;合并左子数组和右子数组&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="n">tmp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="n">left_start</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="n">left_end</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mid</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="n">right_start</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mid</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="n">right_end</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="c1"># i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">left_start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">right_start</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>    <span class="c1"># 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">k</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">left_end</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>        <span class="c1"># 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>        <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">right_end</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a>        <span class="c1"># 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-27" name="__codelineno-0-27" href="#__codelineno-0-27"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-29" name="__codelineno-0-29" href="#__codelineno-0-29"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-30" name="__codelineno-0-30" href="#__codelineno-0-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-31" name="__codelineno-0-31" href="#__codelineno-0-31"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">merge_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-32" name="__codelineno-0-32" href="#__codelineno-0-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;归并排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-33" name="__codelineno-0-33" href="#__codelineno-0-33"></a>    <span class="c1"># 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-34" name="__codelineno-0-34" href="#__codelineno-0-34"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-35" name="__codelineno-0-35" href="#__codelineno-0-35"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>  <span class="c1"># 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-36" name="__codelineno-0-36" href="#__codelineno-0-36"></a>    <span class="c1"># 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-37" name="__codelineno-0-37" href="#__codelineno-0-37"></a>    <span class="n">mid</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span>  <span class="c1"># 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-38" name="__codelineno-0-38" href="#__codelineno-0-38"></a>    <span class="n">merge_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-39" name="__codelineno-0-39" href="#__codelineno-0-39"></a>    <span class="n">merge_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mid</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-40" name="__codelineno-0-40" href="#__codelineno-0-40"></a>    <span class="c1"># 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-41" name="__codelineno-0-41" href="#__codelineno-0-41"></a>    <span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33" href="#__codelineno-1-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-34" name="__codelineno-1-34" href="#__codelineno-1-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-35" name="__codelineno-1-35" href="#__codelineno-1-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-36" name="__codelineno-1-36" href="#__codelineno-1-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-37" name="__codelineno-1-37" href="#__codelineno-1-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-38" name="__codelineno-1-38" href="#__codelineno-1-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">copyOfRange</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                      </span><span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-34" name="__codelineno-2-34" href="#__codelineno-2-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-35" name="__codelineno-2-35" href="#__codelineno-2-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-36" name="__codelineno-2-36" href="#__codelineno-2-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-37" name="__codelineno-2-37" href="#__codelineno-2-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-38" name="__codelineno-2-38" href="#__codelineno-2-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">merge_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">merge_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">..(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引       </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-31" name="__codelineno-3-31" href="#__codelineno-3-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-32" name="__codelineno-3-32" href="#__codelineno-3-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-37" name="__codelineno-3-37" href="#__codelineno-3-37"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">merge_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">merge_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组 借助 copy 模块</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">leftStart</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">rightStart</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftStart</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightStart</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-33" name="__codelineno-4-33" href="#__codelineno-4-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-34" name="__codelineno-4-34" href="#__codelineno-4-34"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-35" name="__codelineno-4-35" href="#__codelineno-4-35"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-36" name="__codelineno-4-36" href="#__codelineno-4-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-37" name="__codelineno-4-37" href="#__codelineno-4-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-38" name="__codelineno-4-38" href="#__codelineno-4-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-39" name="__codelineno-4-39" href="#__codelineno-4-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-40" name="__codelineno-4-40" href="#__codelineno-4-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-41" name="__codelineno-4-41" href="#__codelineno-4-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-42" name="__codelineno-4-42" href="#__codelineno-4-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-43" name="__codelineno-4-43" href="#__codelineno-4-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-44" name="__codelineno-4-44" href="#__codelineno-4-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-45" name="__codelineno-4-45" href="#__codelineno-4-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-46" name="__codelineno-4-46" href="#__codelineno-4-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">tmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">leftStart</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">leftEnd</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">mid</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">rightStart</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">mid</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">rightEnd</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kr">right</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">leftStart</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">rightStart</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">k</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">...</span> <span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">leftEnd</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>        <span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">rightEnd</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>        <span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>            <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a>    <span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-39" name="__codelineno-5-39" href="#__codelineno-5-39"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-40" name="__codelineno-5-40" href="#__codelineno-5-40"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-41" name="__codelineno-5-41" href="#__codelineno-5-41"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-42" name="__codelineno-5-42" href="#__codelineno-5-42"></a>    <span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-43" name="__codelineno-5-43" href="#__codelineno-5-43"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">mid</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-44" name="__codelineno-5-44" href="#__codelineno-5-44"></a>    <span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-45" name="__codelineno-5-45" href="#__codelineno-5-45"></a>    <span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">mid</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-46" name="__codelineno-5-46" href="#__codelineno-5-46"></a>    <span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-47" name="__codelineno-5-47" href="#__codelineno-5-47"></a>    <span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-48" name="__codelineno-5-48" href="#__codelineno-5-48"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">slice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftStart</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightStart</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftEnd</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-31" name="__codelineno-6-31" href="#__codelineno-6-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-32" name="__codelineno-6-32" href="#__codelineno-6-32"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-33" name="__codelineno-6-33" href="#__codelineno-6-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-34" name="__codelineno-6-34" href="#__codelineno-6-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-35" name="__codelineno-6-35" href="#__codelineno-6-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-36" name="__codelineno-6-36" href="#__codelineno-6-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-37" name="__codelineno-6-37" href="#__codelineno-6-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-38" name="__codelineno-6-38" href="#__codelineno-6-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-39" name="__codelineno-6-39" href="#__codelineno-6-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-40" name="__codelineno-6-40" href="#__codelineno-6-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-41" name="__codelineno-6-41" href="#__codelineno-6-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">slice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftStart</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightStart</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftEnd</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-35" name="__codelineno-7-35" href="#__codelineno-7-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-36" name="__codelineno-7-36" href="#__codelineno-7-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-37" name="__codelineno-7-37" href="#__codelineno-7-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-38" name="__codelineno-7-38" href="#__codelineno-7-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-39" name="__codelineno-7-39" href="#__codelineno-7-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-40" name="__codelineno-7-40" href="#__codelineno-7-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-41" name="__codelineno-7-41" href="#__codelineno-7-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sublist</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-36" name="__codelineno-8-36" href="#__codelineno-8-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-37" name="__codelineno-8-37" href="#__codelineno-8-37"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">to_vec</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left_start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left_end</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right_start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right_end</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l_corrent</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r_corrent</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left_start</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right_start</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">l_corrent</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left_end</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r_corrent</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">r_corrent</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">r_corrent</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right_end</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l_corrent</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r_corrent</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l_corrent</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">l_corrent</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">r_corrent</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">r_corrent</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-31" name="__codelineno-9-31" href="#__codelineno-9-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-32" name="__codelineno-9-32" href="#__codelineno-9-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-33" name="__codelineno-9-33" href="#__codelineno-9-33"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-34" name="__codelineno-9-34" href="#__codelineno-9-34"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">merge_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-35" name="__codelineno-9-35" href="#__codelineno-9-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-37" name="__codelineno-9-37" href="#__codelineno-9-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-39" name="__codelineno-9-39" href="#__codelineno-9-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">merge_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-40" name="__codelineno-9-40" href="#__codelineno-9-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">merge_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-41" name="__codelineno-9-41" href="#__codelineno-9-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-42" name="__codelineno-9-42" href="#__codelineno-9-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-43" name="__codelineno-9-43" href="#__codelineno-9-43"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 合并左子数组和右子数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 归并排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-42" name="__codelineno-10-42" href="#__codelineno-10-42"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="c1">// 左子数组区间 [left, mid]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="c1">// 右子数组区间 [mid + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化辅助数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子数组的起始索引和结束索引  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右子数组的起始索引和结束索引       </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// i, j 分别指向左子数组、右子数组的首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftStart</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightStart</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过覆盖原数组 nums 来合并左子数组和右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若“左子数组已全部合并完”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftEnd</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“右子数组已全部合并完”或“左子数组元素 &lt;= 右子数组元素”，则选取左子数组元素，并且 i++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-28" name="__codelineno-11-28" href="#__codelineno-11-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightEnd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-29" name="__codelineno-11-29" href="#__codelineno-11-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-30" name="__codelineno-11-30" href="#__codelineno-11-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-31" name="__codelineno-11-31" href="#__codelineno-11-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 否则，若“左右子数组都未全部合并完”且“左子数组元素 &gt; 右子数组元素”，则选取右子数组元素，并且 j++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-32" name="__codelineno-11-32" href="#__codelineno-11-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-33" name="__codelineno-11-33" href="#__codelineno-11-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-34" name="__codelineno-11-34" href="#__codelineno-11-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-35" name="__codelineno-11-35" href="#__codelineno-11-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-36" name="__codelineno-11-36" href="#__codelineno-11-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-37" name="__codelineno-11-37" href="#__codelineno-11-37"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-38" name="__codelineno-11-38" href="#__codelineno-11-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-39" name="__codelineno-11-39" href="#__codelineno-11-39"></a><span class="c1">// 归并排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-40" name="__codelineno-11-40" href="#__codelineno-11-40"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-41" name="__codelineno-11-41" href="#__codelineno-11-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 终止条件</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-42" name="__codelineno-11-42" href="#__codelineno-11-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-43" name="__codelineno-11-43" href="#__codelineno-11-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 划分阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-44" name="__codelineno-11-44" href="#__codelineno-11-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 计算中点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-45" name="__codelineno-11-45" href="#__codelineno-11-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-46" name="__codelineno-11-46" href="#__codelineno-11-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-47" name="__codelineno-11-47" href="#__codelineno-11-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 合并阶段</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-48" name="__codelineno-11-48" href="#__codelineno-11-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-49" name="__codelineno-11-49" href="#__codelineno-11-49"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">merge_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">merge</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">mergeSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4006,7 +3561,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -4072,31 +3632,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../quick_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 11.5 &amp;nbsp; 快速排序" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.5 &nbsp; 快速排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../heap_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.7 &amp;nbsp; 堆排序" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.7 &nbsp; 堆排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -4106,14 +3683,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_sorting/quick_sort/index.html b/chapter_sorting/quick_sort/index.html
index 4d950733e..351159f6e 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/quick_sort/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/quick_sort/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3400,292 +3420,69 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;哨兵划分&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="c1"># 元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="c1"># 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>  <span class="c1"># 返回基准数的索引</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素交换 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素交换 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素交换 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素交换 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">tmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">i</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>        <span class="bp">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>    <span class="bp">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="bp">swap</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="bp">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素交换 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素交换 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素交换 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">_partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w">                    </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素交换 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="c1">// 快速排序类-哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">               </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3703,195 +3500,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;快速排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pivot</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="c1">// 快速排序类-哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="c1">// 快速排序类-快速排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 快速排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归左子数组、右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3917,422 +3570,75 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Zig</label></div>
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">median_three</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;选取三个元素的中位数&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">^</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">^</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mid</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;哨兵划分（三数取中值）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>    <span class="c1"># 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>    <span class="n">med</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">median_three</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a>    <span class="c1"># 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">med</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">med</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a>    <span class="c1"># 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a>    <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-20" name="__codelineno-24-20" href="#__codelineno-24-20"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-21" name="__codelineno-24-21" href="#__codelineno-24-21"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-22" name="__codelineno-24-22" href="#__codelineno-24-22"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-23" name="__codelineno-24-23" href="#__codelineno-24-23"></a>            <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-24" name="__codelineno-24-24" href="#__codelineno-24-24"></a>        <span class="c1"># 元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-25" name="__codelineno-24-25" href="#__codelineno-24-25"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-26" name="__codelineno-24-26" href="#__codelineno-24-26"></a>    <span class="c1"># 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-27" name="__codelineno-24-27" href="#__codelineno-24-27"></a>    <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-28" name="__codelineno-24-28" href="#__codelineno-24-28"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>  <span class="c1"># 返回基准数的索引</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">median_three</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选取三个元素的中位数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分（三数取中值） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选取三个元素的中位数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分（三数取中值） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-23" name="__codelineno-26-23" href="#__codelineno-26-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-24" name="__codelineno-26-24" href="#__codelineno-26-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-25" name="__codelineno-26-25" href="#__codelineno-26-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-26" name="__codelineno-26-26" href="#__codelineno-26-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-27" name="__codelineno-26-27" href="#__codelineno-26-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-28" name="__codelineno-26-28" href="#__codelineno-26-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-29" name="__codelineno-26-29" href="#__codelineno-26-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-30" name="__codelineno-26-30" href="#__codelineno-26-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选取三个元素的中位数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分（三数取中值） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-25" name="__codelineno-27-25" href="#__codelineno-27-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-26" name="__codelineno-27-26" href="#__codelineno-27-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-27" name="__codelineno-27-27" href="#__codelineno-27-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-28" name="__codelineno-27-28" href="#__codelineno-27-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-29" name="__codelineno-27-29" href="#__codelineno-27-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-30" name="__codelineno-27-30" href="#__codelineno-27-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选取三个元素的中位数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">quickSortMedian</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码（!= 在这里起到异或的作用）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分（三数取中值）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">quickSortMedian</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">med</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">med</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">//从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">//从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">//元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">//将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">//返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选取三个元素的中位数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mid</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分（三数取中值） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">partitionMedian</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>    <span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">med</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>    <span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>    <span class="bp">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">med</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partitionMedian</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选取三个元素的中位数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="nx">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">]))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分（三数取中值） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">med</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-27" name="__codelineno-30-27" href="#__codelineno-30-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-28" name="__codelineno-30-28" href="#__codelineno-30-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-29" name="__codelineno-30-29" href="#__codelineno-30-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-30" name="__codelineno-30-30" href="#__codelineno-30-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-31" name="__codelineno-30-31" href="#__codelineno-30-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-32" name="__codelineno-30-32" href="#__codelineno-30-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选取三个元素的中位数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="nx">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Number</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Number</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">]))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Number</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Number</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分（三数取中值） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-27" name="__codelineno-31-27" href="#__codelineno-31-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-28" name="__codelineno-31-28" href="#__codelineno-31-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-29" name="__codelineno-31-29" href="#__codelineno-31-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-30" name="__codelineno-31-30" href="#__codelineno-31-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-31" name="__codelineno-31-31" href="#__codelineno-31-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">med</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-32" name="__codelineno-31-32" href="#__codelineno-31-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-33" name="__codelineno-31-33" href="#__codelineno-31-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-34" name="__codelineno-31-34" href="#__codelineno-31-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-35" name="__codelineno-31-35" href="#__codelineno-31-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-36" name="__codelineno-31-36" href="#__codelineno-31-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-37" name="__codelineno-31-37" href="#__codelineno-31-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-38" name="__codelineno-31-38" href="#__codelineno-31-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-39" name="__codelineno-31-39" href="#__codelineno-31-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-40" name="__codelineno-31-40" href="#__codelineno-31-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-41" name="__codelineno-31-41" href="#__codelineno-31-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-42" name="__codelineno-31-42" href="#__codelineno-31-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-43" name="__codelineno-31-43" href="#__codelineno-31-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-44" name="__codelineno-31-44" href="#__codelineno-31-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-45" name="__codelineno-31-45" href="#__codelineno-31-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-46" name="__codelineno-31-46" href="#__codelineno-31-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选取三个元素的中位数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分（三数取中值） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-25" name="__codelineno-32-25" href="#__codelineno-32-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-26" name="__codelineno-32-26" href="#__codelineno-32-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-27" name="__codelineno-32-27" href="#__codelineno-32-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-28" name="__codelineno-32-28" href="#__codelineno-32-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">_medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">_partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选取三个元素的中位数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">median_three</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 哨兵划分（三数取中值） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">median_three</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-20" name="__codelineno-33-20" href="#__codelineno-33-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-21" name="__codelineno-33-21" href="#__codelineno-33-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-22" name="__codelineno-33-22" href="#__codelineno-33-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-23" name="__codelineno-33-23" href="#__codelineno-33-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-24" name="__codelineno-33-24" href="#__codelineno-33-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-25" name="__codelineno-33-25" href="#__codelineno-33-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-26" name="__codelineno-33-26" href="#__codelineno-33-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-27" name="__codelineno-33-27" href="#__codelineno-33-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-28" name="__codelineno-33-28" href="#__codelineno-33-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-29" name="__codelineno-33-29" href="#__codelineno-33-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-30" name="__codelineno-33-30" href="#__codelineno-33-30"></a><span class="w">     </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-31" name="__codelineno-33-31" href="#__codelineno-33-31"></a><span class="w">     </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w">                    </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-32" name="__codelineno-33-32" href="#__codelineno-33-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">median_three</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序类（中位基准数优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="c1">// 选取三个元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序类（中位基准数优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="c1">// 选取三个元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">^</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-25" name="__codelineno-34-25" href="#__codelineno-34-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-26" name="__codelineno-34-26" href="#__codelineno-34-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-27" name="__codelineno-34-27" href="#__codelineno-34-27"></a><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分（三数取中值）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-28" name="__codelineno-34-28" href="#__codelineno-34-28"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">partitionMedian</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-29" name="__codelineno-34-29" href="#__codelineno-34-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-30" name="__codelineno-34-30" href="#__codelineno-34-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-31" name="__codelineno-34-31" href="#__codelineno-34-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-32" name="__codelineno-34-32" href="#__codelineno-34-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-33" name="__codelineno-34-33" href="#__codelineno-34-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-34" name="__codelineno-34-34" href="#__codelineno-34-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-35" name="__codelineno-34-35" href="#__codelineno-34-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-36" name="__codelineno-34-36" href="#__codelineno-34-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-37" name="__codelineno-34-37" href="#__codelineno-34-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-38" name="__codelineno-34-38" href="#__codelineno-34-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-39" name="__codelineno-34-39" href="#__codelineno-34-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-40" name="__codelineno-34-40" href="#__codelineno-34-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-41" name="__codelineno-34-41" href="#__codelineno-34-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-42" name="__codelineno-34-42" href="#__codelineno-34-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-43" name="__codelineno-34-43" href="#__codelineno-34-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-44" name="__codelineno-34-44" href="#__codelineno-34-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partitionMedian</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 选取三个元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 此处使用异或运算来简化代码</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 异或规则为 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">]))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mid</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分（三数取中值）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 选取三个候选元素的中位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将中位数交换至数组最左端</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">med</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-20" name="__codelineno-35-20" href="#__codelineno-35-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 nums[left] 作为基准数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-21" name="__codelineno-35-21" href="#__codelineno-35-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-22" name="__codelineno-35-22" href="#__codelineno-35-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-23" name="__codelineno-35-23" href="#__codelineno-35-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-24" name="__codelineno-35-24" href="#__codelineno-35-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从右向左找首个小于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-25" name="__codelineno-35-25" href="#__codelineno-35-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从左向右找首个大于基准数的元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-26" name="__codelineno-35-26" href="#__codelineno-35-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 交换这两个元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-27" name="__codelineno-35-27" href="#__codelineno-35-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-28" name="__codelineno-35-28" href="#__codelineno-35-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将基准数交换至两子数组的分界线</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-29" name="__codelineno-35-29" href="#__codelineno-35-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">               </span><span class="c1">// 返回基准数的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-30" name="__codelineno-35-30" href="#__codelineno-35-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">medianThree</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortMedian</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4343,233 +3649,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;快速排序（尾递归优化）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>        <span class="c1"># 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>        <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>        <span class="c1"># 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">pivot</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a>            <span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-13" name="__codelineno-36-13" href="#__codelineno-36-13"></a>            <span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序（尾递归优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                 </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                 </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-16" name="__codelineno-37-16" href="#__codelineno-37-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序（尾递归优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">QuickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序（尾递归优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-13" name="__codelineno-39-13" href="#__codelineno-39-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-14" name="__codelineno-39-14" href="#__codelineno-39-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-15" name="__codelineno-39-15" href="#__codelineno-39-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-16" name="__codelineno-39-16" href="#__codelineno-39-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">QuickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序（尾递归优化）*/</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w">                 </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-13" name="__codelineno-40-13" href="#__codelineno-40-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w">                 </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-14" name="__codelineno-40-14" href="#__codelineno-40-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-15" name="__codelineno-40-15" href="#__codelineno-40-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-16" name="__codelineno-40-16" href="#__codelineno-40-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序（尾递归优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>        <span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pivot</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a>        <span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">pivot</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a>            <span class="n">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a>            <span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-13" name="__codelineno-41-13" href="#__codelineno-41-13"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-14" name="__codelineno-41-14" href="#__codelineno-41-14"></a>            <span class="n">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-15" name="__codelineno-41-15" href="#__codelineno-41-15"></a>            <span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">pivot</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-16" name="__codelineno-41-16" href="#__codelineno-41-16"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-17" name="__codelineno-41-17" href="#__codelineno-41-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-18" name="__codelineno-41-18" href="#__codelineno-41-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序（尾递归优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-13" name="__codelineno-42-13" href="#__codelineno-42-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-14" name="__codelineno-42-14" href="#__codelineno-42-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-15" name="__codelineno-42-15" href="#__codelineno-42-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-16" name="__codelineno-42-16" href="#__codelineno-42-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序（尾递归优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-13" name="__codelineno-43-13" href="#__codelineno-43-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-14" name="__codelineno-43-14" href="#__codelineno-43-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-15" name="__codelineno-43-15" href="#__codelineno-43-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-16" name="__codelineno-43-16" href="#__codelineno-43-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">QuickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序（尾递归优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-14" name="__codelineno-44-14" href="#__codelineno-44-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-15" name="__codelineno-44-15" href="#__codelineno-44-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-16" name="__codelineno-44-16" href="#__codelineno-44-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序（尾递归优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-13" name="__codelineno-45-13" href="#__codelineno-45-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-14" name="__codelineno-45-14" href="#__codelineno-45-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-15" name="__codelineno-45-15" href="#__codelineno-45-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-16" name="__codelineno-45-16" href="#__codelineno-45-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quick_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 快速排序类（尾递归优化） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="c1">// 快速排序（尾递归优化）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-9" name="__codelineno-46-9" href="#__codelineno-46-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-10" name="__codelineno-46-10" href="#__codelineno-46-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-11" name="__codelineno-46-11" href="#__codelineno-46-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                         </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-12" name="__codelineno-46-12" href="#__codelineno-46-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-13" name="__codelineno-46-13" href="#__codelineno-46-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-14" name="__codelineno-46-14" href="#__codelineno-46-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                         </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-15" name="__codelineno-46-15" href="#__codelineno-46-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-16" name="__codelineno-46-16" href="#__codelineno-46-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-17" name="__codelineno-46-17" href="#__codelineno-46-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="c1">// 快速排序（尾递归优化）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left_</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right_</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left_</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right_</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子数组长度为 1 时终止递归</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 哨兵划分操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">partition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对两个子数组中较短的那个执行快排</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序左子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-12" name="__codelineno-47-12" href="#__codelineno-47-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                   </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [pivot + 1, right]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-13" name="__codelineno-47-13" href="#__codelineno-47-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-14" name="__codelineno-47-14" href="#__codelineno-47-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 递归排序右子数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-15" name="__codelineno-47-15" href="#__codelineno-47-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pivot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                  </span><span class="c1">// 剩余未排序区间为 [left, pivot - 1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-16" name="__codelineno-47-16" href="#__codelineno-47-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-17" name="__codelineno-47-17" href="#__codelineno-47-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-18" name="__codelineno-47-18" href="#__codelineno-47-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">quick_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">QuickSortTailCall</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">quickSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4641,7 +3765,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
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+          <a href="../merge_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.6 &amp;nbsp; 归并排序" rel="next">
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@@ -3331,633 +3351,99 @@ x_k = \lfloor\frac{x}{d^{k-1}}\rfloor \bmod d
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 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="mi">10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">counting_sort_digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    <span class="n">counter</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    <span class="c1"># 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="c1"># 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>    <span class="c1"># 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>        <span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>        <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>  <span class="c1"># 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>    <span class="c1"># 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-27" name="__codelineno-0-27" href="#__codelineno-0-27"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-29" name="__codelineno-0-29" href="#__codelineno-0-29"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">radix_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-30" name="__codelineno-0-30" href="#__codelineno-0-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基数排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-31" name="__codelineno-0-31" href="#__codelineno-0-31"></a>    <span class="c1"># 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-32" name="__codelineno-0-32" href="#__codelineno-0-32"></a>    <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-33" name="__codelineno-0-33" href="#__codelineno-0-33"></a>    <span class="c1"># 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-34" name="__codelineno-0-34" href="#__codelineno-0-34"></a>    <span class="n">exp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-35" name="__codelineno-0-35" href="#__codelineno-0-35"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">exp</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-36" name="__codelineno-0-36" href="#__codelineno-0-36"></a>        <span class="c1"># 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-37" name="__codelineno-0-37" href="#__codelineno-0-37"></a>        <span class="c1"># k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-38" name="__codelineno-0-38" href="#__codelineno-0-38"></a>        <span class="c1"># k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-39" name="__codelineno-0-39" href="#__codelineno-0-39"></a>        <span class="c1"># 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-40" name="__codelineno-0-40" href="#__codelineno-0-40"></a>        <span class="n">counting_sort_digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-41" name="__codelineno-0-41" href="#__codelineno-0-41"></a>        <span class="n">exp</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="mi">10</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">counting_sort_digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">radix_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33" href="#__codelineno-1-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-34" name="__codelineno-1-34" href="#__codelineno-1-34"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-35" name="__codelineno-1-35" href="#__codelineno-1-35"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-36" name="__codelineno-1-36" href="#__codelineno-1-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-37" name="__codelineno-1-37" href="#__codelineno-1-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">max_element</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-38" name="__codelineno-1-38" href="#__codelineno-1-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-39" name="__codelineno-1-39" href="#__codelineno-1-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-40" name="__codelineno-1-40" href="#__codelineno-1-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-41" name="__codelineno-1-41" href="#__codelineno-1-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-42" name="__codelineno-1-42" href="#__codelineno-1-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-43" name="__codelineno-1-43" href="#__codelineno-1-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-44" name="__codelineno-1-44" href="#__codelineno-1-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-45" name="__codelineno-1-45" href="#__codelineno-1-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">]++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">]--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-34" name="__codelineno-2-34" href="#__codelineno-2-34"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-35" name="__codelineno-2-35" href="#__codelineno-2-35"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-36" name="__codelineno-2-36" href="#__codelineno-2-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-37" name="__codelineno-2-37" href="#__codelineno-2-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">MIN_VALUE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-38" name="__codelineno-2-38" href="#__codelineno-2-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-39" name="__codelineno-2-39" href="#__codelineno-2-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-40" name="__codelineno-2-40" href="#__codelineno-2-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-41" name="__codelineno-2-41" href="#__codelineno-2-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-42" name="__codelineno-2-42" href="#__codelineno-2-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-43" name="__codelineno-2-43" href="#__codelineno-2-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-44" name="__codelineno-2-44" href="#__codelineno-2-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-45" name="__codelineno-2-45" href="#__codelineno-2-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-46" name="__codelineno-2-46" href="#__codelineno-2-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-47" name="__codelineno-2-47" href="#__codelineno-2-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-48" name="__codelineno-2-48" href="#__codelineno-2-48"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">radix_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">radix_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">radix_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-31" name="__codelineno-3-31" href="#__codelineno-3-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-32" name="__codelineno-3-32" href="#__codelineno-3-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-37" name="__codelineno-3-37" href="#__codelineno-3-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-38" name="__codelineno-3-38" href="#__codelineno-3-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">MinValue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-39" name="__codelineno-3-39" href="#__codelineno-3-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-40" name="__codelineno-3-40" href="#__codelineno-3-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-41" name="__codelineno-3-41" href="#__codelineno-3-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-42" name="__codelineno-3-42" href="#__codelineno-3-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-43" name="__codelineno-3-43" href="#__codelineno-3-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-44" name="__codelineno-3-44" href="#__codelineno-3-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-45" name="__codelineno-3-45" href="#__codelineno-3-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-46" name="__codelineno-3-46" href="#__codelineno-3-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-47" name="__codelineno-3-47" href="#__codelineno-3-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-48" name="__codelineno-3-48" href="#__codelineno-3-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-49" name="__codelineno-3-49" href="#__codelineno-3-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-50" name="__codelineno-3-50" href="#__codelineno-3-50"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">radix_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">radix_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">radix_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-33" name="__codelineno-4-33" href="#__codelineno-4-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-34" name="__codelineno-4-34" href="#__codelineno-4-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-35" name="__codelineno-4-35" href="#__codelineno-4-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-36" name="__codelineno-4-36" href="#__codelineno-4-36"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-37" name="__codelineno-4-37" href="#__codelineno-4-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-38" name="__codelineno-4-38" href="#__codelineno-4-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">MinInt</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-39" name="__codelineno-4-39" href="#__codelineno-4-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-40" name="__codelineno-4-40" href="#__codelineno-4-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-41" name="__codelineno-4-41" href="#__codelineno-4-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-42" name="__codelineno-4-42" href="#__codelineno-4-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-43" name="__codelineno-4-43" href="#__codelineno-4-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-44" name="__codelineno-4-44" href="#__codelineno-4-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-45" name="__codelineno-4-45" href="#__codelineno-4-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-46" name="__codelineno-4-46" href="#__codelineno-4-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-47" name="__codelineno-4-47" href="#__codelineno-4-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-48" name="__codelineno-4-48" href="#__codelineno-4-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-49" name="__codelineno-4-49" href="#__codelineno-4-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-50" name="__codelineno-4-50" href="#__codelineno-4-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-51" name="__codelineno-4-51" href="#__codelineno-4-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-52" name="__codelineno-4-52" href="#__codelineno-4-52"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="mi">10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">counter</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>    <span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">d</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>    <span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">d</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>        <span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>    <span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a>    <span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">min</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-39" name="__codelineno-5-39" href="#__codelineno-5-39"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-40" name="__codelineno-5-40" href="#__codelineno-5-40"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-41" name="__codelineno-5-41" href="#__codelineno-5-41"></a>            <span class="n">m</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-42" name="__codelineno-5-42" href="#__codelineno-5-42"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-43" name="__codelineno-5-43" href="#__codelineno-5-43"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-44" name="__codelineno-5-44" href="#__codelineno-5-44"></a>    <span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-45" name="__codelineno-5-45" href="#__codelineno-5-45"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">exp</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-46" name="__codelineno-5-46" href="#__codelineno-5-46"></a>        <span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-47" name="__codelineno-5-47" href="#__codelineno-5-47"></a>        <span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-48" name="__codelineno-5-48" href="#__codelineno-5-48"></a>        <span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-49" name="__codelineno-5-49" href="#__codelineno-5-49"></a>        <span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-50" name="__codelineno-5-50" href="#__codelineno-5-50"></a>        <span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-51" name="__codelineno-5-51" href="#__codelineno-5-51"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-52" name="__codelineno-5-52" href="#__codelineno-5-52"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-31" name="__codelineno-6-31" href="#__codelineno-6-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-32" name="__codelineno-6-32" href="#__codelineno-6-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-33" name="__codelineno-6-33" href="#__codelineno-6-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-34" name="__codelineno-6-34" href="#__codelineno-6-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-35" name="__codelineno-6-35" href="#__codelineno-6-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-36" name="__codelineno-6-36" href="#__codelineno-6-36"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-37" name="__codelineno-6-37" href="#__codelineno-6-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-38" name="__codelineno-6-38" href="#__codelineno-6-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Number</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">MIN_VALUE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-39" name="__codelineno-6-39" href="#__codelineno-6-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-40" name="__codelineno-6-40" href="#__codelineno-6-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-41" name="__codelineno-6-41" href="#__codelineno-6-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-42" name="__codelineno-6-42" href="#__codelineno-6-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-43" name="__codelineno-6-43" href="#__codelineno-6-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-44" name="__codelineno-6-44" href="#__codelineno-6-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-45" name="__codelineno-6-45" href="#__codelineno-6-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-46" name="__codelineno-6-46" href="#__codelineno-6-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-47" name="__codelineno-6-47" href="#__codelineno-6-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-48" name="__codelineno-6-48" href="#__codelineno-6-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-49" name="__codelineno-6-49" href="#__codelineno-6-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-50" name="__codelineno-6-50" href="#__codelineno-6-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-51" name="__codelineno-6-51" href="#__codelineno-6-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-52" name="__codelineno-6-52" href="#__codelineno-6-52"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-35" name="__codelineno-7-35" href="#__codelineno-7-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-36" name="__codelineno-7-36" href="#__codelineno-7-36"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-37" name="__codelineno-7-37" href="#__codelineno-7-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-38" name="__codelineno-7-38" href="#__codelineno-7-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Number</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">MIN_VALUE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-39" name="__codelineno-7-39" href="#__codelineno-7-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-40" name="__codelineno-7-40" href="#__codelineno-7-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-41" name="__codelineno-7-41" href="#__codelineno-7-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-42" name="__codelineno-7-42" href="#__codelineno-7-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-43" name="__codelineno-7-43" href="#__codelineno-7-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-44" name="__codelineno-7-44" href="#__codelineno-7-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-45" name="__codelineno-7-45" href="#__codelineno-7-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-46" name="__codelineno-7-46" href="#__codelineno-7-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-47" name="__codelineno-7-47" href="#__codelineno-7-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-48" name="__codelineno-7-48" href="#__codelineno-7-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-49" name="__codelineno-7-49" href="#__codelineno-7-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-50" name="__codelineno-7-50" href="#__codelineno-7-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-51" name="__codelineno-7-51" href="#__codelineno-7-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-52" name="__codelineno-7-52" href="#__codelineno-7-52"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-36" name="__codelineno-8-36" href="#__codelineno-8-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// dart 中 int 的长度是 64 位的</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-37" name="__codelineno-8-37" href="#__codelineno-8-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">63</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-38" name="__codelineno-8-38" href="#__codelineno-8-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-39" name="__codelineno-8-39" href="#__codelineno-8-39"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-40" name="__codelineno-8-40" href="#__codelineno-8-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-41" name="__codelineno-8-41" href="#__codelineno-8-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-42" name="__codelineno-8-42" href="#__codelineno-8-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-43" name="__codelineno-8-43" href="#__codelineno-8-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-44" name="__codelineno-8-44" href="#__codelineno-8-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-45" name="__codelineno-8-45" href="#__codelineno-8-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-46" name="__codelineno-8-46" href="#__codelineno-8-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">counting_sort_digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-30" name="__codelineno-9-30" href="#__codelineno-9-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-31" name="__codelineno-9-31" href="#__codelineno-9-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-32" name="__codelineno-9-32" href="#__codelineno-9-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-33" name="__codelineno-9-33" href="#__codelineno-9-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-34" name="__codelineno-9-34" href="#__codelineno-9-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-35" name="__codelineno-9-35" href="#__codelineno-9-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">radix_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-37" name="__codelineno-9-37" href="#__codelineno-9-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">into_iter</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-39" name="__codelineno-9-39" href="#__codelineno-9-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-40" name="__codelineno-9-40" href="#__codelineno-9-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-41" name="__codelineno-9-41" href="#__codelineno-9-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-42" name="__codelineno-9-42" href="#__codelineno-9-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counting_sort_digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-43" name="__codelineno-9-43" href="#__codelineno-9-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-44" name="__codelineno-9-44" href="#__codelineno-9-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-45" name="__codelineno-9-45" href="#__codelineno-9-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">counting_sort_digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">radix_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1) */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="cm">/* 基数排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT32_MIN</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">size_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-42" name="__codelineno-10-42" href="#__codelineno-10-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-43" name="__codelineno-10-43" href="#__codelineno-10-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-44" name="__codelineno-10-44" href="#__codelineno-10-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-45" name="__codelineno-10-45" href="#__codelineno-10-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-46" name="__codelineno-10-46" href="#__codelineno-10-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-47" name="__codelineno-10-47" href="#__codelineno-10-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-48" name="__codelineno-10-48" href="#__codelineno-10-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-49" name="__codelineno-10-49" href="#__codelineno-10-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-50" name="__codelineno-10-50" href="#__codelineno-10-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-51" name="__codelineno-10-51" href="#__codelineno-10-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-52" name="__codelineno-10-52" href="#__codelineno-10-52"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 获取元素 num 的第 k 位，其中 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 传入 exp 而非 k 可以避免在此重复执行昂贵的次方计算</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@mod</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">@divFloor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="c1">// 计数排序（根据 nums 第 k 位排序）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 十进制的位范围为 0~9 ，因此需要长度为 10 的桶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// defer mem_arena.deinit();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 统计 0~9 各数字的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@bitCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 nums[i] 第 k 位，记为 d</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 统计数字 d 的出现次数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 求前缀和，将“出现个数”转换为“数组索引”</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 倒序遍历，根据桶内统计结果，将各元素填入 res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-28" name="__codelineno-11-28" href="#__codelineno-11-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-29" name="__codelineno-11-29" href="#__codelineno-11-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-30" name="__codelineno-11-30" href="#__codelineno-11-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">u32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@bitCast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-31" name="__codelineno-11-31" href="#__codelineno-11-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取 d 在数组中的索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-32" name="__codelineno-11-32" href="#__codelineno-11-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 将当前元素填入索引 j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-33" name="__codelineno-11-33" href="#__codelineno-11-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">counter</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 d 的数量减 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-34" name="__codelineno-11-34" href="#__codelineno-11-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-35" name="__codelineno-11-35" href="#__codelineno-11-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-36" name="__codelineno-11-36" href="#__codelineno-11-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用结果覆盖原数组 nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-37" name="__codelineno-11-37" href="#__codelineno-11-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-38" name="__codelineno-11-38" href="#__codelineno-11-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-39" name="__codelineno-11-39" href="#__codelineno-11-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-40" name="__codelineno-11-40" href="#__codelineno-11-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-41" name="__codelineno-11-41" href="#__codelineno-11-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-42" name="__codelineno-11-42" href="#__codelineno-11-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-43" name="__codelineno-11-43" href="#__codelineno-11-43"></a><span class="c1">// 基数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-44" name="__codelineno-11-44" href="#__codelineno-11-44"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">radixSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-45" name="__codelineno-11-45" href="#__codelineno-11-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取数组的最大元素，用于判断最大位数</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-46" name="__codelineno-11-46" href="#__codelineno-11-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">minInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-47" name="__codelineno-11-47" href="#__codelineno-11-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-48" name="__codelineno-11-48" href="#__codelineno-11-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-49" name="__codelineno-11-49" href="#__codelineno-11-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-50" name="__codelineno-11-50" href="#__codelineno-11-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 按照从低位到高位的顺序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-51" name="__codelineno-11-51" href="#__codelineno-11-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-52" name="__codelineno-11-52" href="#__codelineno-11-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-53" name="__codelineno-11-53" href="#__codelineno-11-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 对数组元素的第 k 位执行计数排序</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-54" name="__codelineno-11-54" href="#__codelineno-11-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-55" name="__codelineno-11-55" href="#__codelineno-11-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-56" name="__codelineno-11-56" href="#__codelineno-11-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 即 exp = 10^(k-1)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-57" name="__codelineno-11-57" href="#__codelineno-11-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">    </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-58" name="__codelineno-11-58" href="#__codelineno-11-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-59" name="__codelineno-11-59" href="#__codelineno-11-59"></a><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">radix_sort.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">digit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">countingSortDigit</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">radixSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4040,7 +3526,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
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@@ -4106,31 +3597,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../counting_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 11.9 &amp;nbsp; 计数排序" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.9 &nbsp; 计数排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.11 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.11 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -4140,14 +3648,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
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diff --git a/chapter_sorting/selection_sort/index.html b/chapter_sorting/selection_sort/index.html
index 4b9bf6270..2ca647819 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/selection_sort/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/selection_sort/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3348,208 +3368,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">selection_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;选择排序&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="c1"># 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="n">k</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>                <span class="n">k</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">j</span>  <span class="c1"># 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="c1"># 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">selection_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">selectionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">selectionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">selectionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">selection_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">selectionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">selectionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">selection_sort</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">selectionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selectionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">selectionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">selectionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">dropLast</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>        <span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">k</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">i</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">dropFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>                <span class="n">k</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swapAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">k</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">selectionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selectionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">selectionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">selectionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">k</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">selectionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">selectionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">selectionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">selection_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">selection_sort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 选择排序 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">selectionSort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 外循环：未排序区间为 [i, n-1]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 内循环：找到未排序区间内的最小元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录最小元素的索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将该最小元素与未排序区间的首个元素交换</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">selection_sort.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">selectionSort</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -3633,7 +3492,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
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@@ -3699,31 +3563,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
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-
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-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
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+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../sorting_algorithm/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 11.1 &amp;nbsp; 排序算法" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.1 &nbsp; 排序算法
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+          
+          <a href="../bubble_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.3 &amp;nbsp; 冒泡排序" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.3 &nbsp; 冒泡排序
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+      </nav>
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+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -3733,14 +3614,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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-    Made with
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diff --git a/chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/index.html b/chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/index.html
index 2d3d34812..1755d70c5 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3410,7 +3430,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3476,31 +3501,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 第 11 章 &amp;nbsp; 排序" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                第 11 章 &nbsp; 排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../selection_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 11.2 &amp;nbsp; 选择排序" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.2 &nbsp; 选择排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3510,14 +3552,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
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         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_sorting/summary/index.html b/chapter_sorting/summary/index.html
index 7ea67cbb3..e36a3ddd4 100644
--- a/chapter_sorting/summary/index.html
+++ b/chapter_sorting/summary/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3419,7 +3439,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3485,31 +3510,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../radix_sort/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 11.10 &amp;nbsp; 基数排序" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                11.10 &nbsp; 基数排序
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 第 12 章 &amp;nbsp; 分治" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                第 12 章 &nbsp; 分治
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3519,14 +3561,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/index.html b/chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/index.html
index 3f3be5edc..50540af71 100644
--- a/chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/index.html
+++ b/chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3748,1603 +3768,73 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ListNode</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;双向链表节点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>  <span class="c1"># 后继节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>  <span class="c1"># 前驱节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于双向链表实现的双向队列&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>  <span class="c1"># 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>  <span class="c1"># 尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取双向队列的长度&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;判断双向队列是否为空&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">is_front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;入队操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a>        <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-31" name="__codelineno-12-31" href="#__codelineno-12-31"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-32" name="__codelineno-12-32" href="#__codelineno-12-32"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-33" name="__codelineno-12-33" href="#__codelineno-12-33"></a>        <span class="c1"># 队首入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-34" name="__codelineno-12-34" href="#__codelineno-12-34"></a>        <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">is_front</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-35" name="__codelineno-12-35" href="#__codelineno-12-35"></a>            <span class="c1"># 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-36" name="__codelineno-12-36" href="#__codelineno-12-36"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">prev</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-37" name="__codelineno-12-37" href="#__codelineno-12-37"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-38" name="__codelineno-12-38" href="#__codelineno-12-38"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>  <span class="c1"># 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-39" name="__codelineno-12-39" href="#__codelineno-12-39"></a>        <span class="c1"># 队尾入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-40" name="__codelineno-12-40" href="#__codelineno-12-40"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-41" name="__codelineno-12-41" href="#__codelineno-12-41"></a>            <span class="c1"># 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-42" name="__codelineno-12-42" href="#__codelineno-12-42"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-43" name="__codelineno-12-43" href="#__codelineno-12-43"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">prev</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-44" name="__codelineno-12-44" href="#__codelineno-12-44"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>  <span class="c1"># 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-45" name="__codelineno-12-45" href="#__codelineno-12-45"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-46" name="__codelineno-12-46" href="#__codelineno-12-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-47" name="__codelineno-12-47" href="#__codelineno-12-47"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-48" name="__codelineno-12-48" href="#__codelineno-12-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;队首入队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-49" name="__codelineno-12-49" href="#__codelineno-12-49"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-50" name="__codelineno-12-50" href="#__codelineno-12-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-51" name="__codelineno-12-51" href="#__codelineno-12-51"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-52" name="__codelineno-12-52" href="#__codelineno-12-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;队尾入队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-53" name="__codelineno-12-53" href="#__codelineno-12-53"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-54" name="__codelineno-12-54" href="#__codelineno-12-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-55" name="__codelineno-12-55" href="#__codelineno-12-55"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">is_front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-56" name="__codelineno-12-56" href="#__codelineno-12-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;出队操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-57" name="__codelineno-12-57" href="#__codelineno-12-57"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-58" name="__codelineno-12-58" href="#__codelineno-12-58"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-59" name="__codelineno-12-59" href="#__codelineno-12-59"></a>        <span class="c1"># 队首出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-60" name="__codelineno-12-60" href="#__codelineno-12-60"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">is_front</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-61" name="__codelineno-12-61" href="#__codelineno-12-61"></a>            <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>  <span class="c1"># 暂存头节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-62" name="__codelineno-12-62" href="#__codelineno-12-62"></a>            <span class="c1"># 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-63" name="__codelineno-12-63" href="#__codelineno-12-63"></a>            <span class="n">fnext</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-64" name="__codelineno-12-64" href="#__codelineno-12-64"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">fnext</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-65" name="__codelineno-12-65" href="#__codelineno-12-65"></a>                <span class="n">fnext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">prev</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-66" name="__codelineno-12-66" href="#__codelineno-12-66"></a>                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-67" name="__codelineno-12-67" href="#__codelineno-12-67"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fnext</span>  <span class="c1"># 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-68" name="__codelineno-12-68" href="#__codelineno-12-68"></a>        <span class="c1"># 队尾出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-69" name="__codelineno-12-69" href="#__codelineno-12-69"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-70" name="__codelineno-12-70" href="#__codelineno-12-70"></a>            <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>  <span class="c1"># 暂存尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-71" name="__codelineno-12-71" href="#__codelineno-12-71"></a>            <span class="c1"># 删除尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-72" name="__codelineno-12-72" href="#__codelineno-12-72"></a>            <span class="n">rprev</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">prev</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-73" name="__codelineno-12-73" href="#__codelineno-12-73"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">rprev</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-74" name="__codelineno-12-74" href="#__codelineno-12-74"></a>                <span class="n">rprev</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-75" name="__codelineno-12-75" href="#__codelineno-12-75"></a>                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">prev</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-76" name="__codelineno-12-76" href="#__codelineno-12-76"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">rprev</span>  <span class="c1"># 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-77" name="__codelineno-12-77" href="#__codelineno-12-77"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>  <span class="c1"># 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-78" name="__codelineno-12-78" href="#__codelineno-12-78"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-79" name="__codelineno-12-79" href="#__codelineno-12-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-80" name="__codelineno-12-80" href="#__codelineno-12-80"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-81" name="__codelineno-12-81" href="#__codelineno-12-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;队首出队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-82" name="__codelineno-12-82" href="#__codelineno-12-82"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-83" name="__codelineno-12-83" href="#__codelineno-12-83"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-84" name="__codelineno-12-84" href="#__codelineno-12-84"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-85" name="__codelineno-12-85" href="#__codelineno-12-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;队尾出队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-86" name="__codelineno-12-86" href="#__codelineno-12-86"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-87" name="__codelineno-12-87" href="#__codelineno-12-87"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-88" name="__codelineno-12-88" href="#__codelineno-12-88"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-89" name="__codelineno-12-89" href="#__codelineno-12-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问队首元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-90" name="__codelineno-12-90" href="#__codelineno-12-90"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-91" name="__codelineno-12-91" href="#__codelineno-12-91"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-92" name="__codelineno-12-92" href="#__codelineno-12-92"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-93" name="__codelineno-12-93" href="#__codelineno-12-93"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-94" name="__codelineno-12-94" href="#__codelineno-12-94"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-95" name="__codelineno-12-95" href="#__codelineno-12-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问队尾元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-96" name="__codelineno-12-96" href="#__codelineno-12-96"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-97" name="__codelineno-12-97" href="#__codelineno-12-97"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-98" name="__codelineno-12-98" href="#__codelineno-12-98"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-99" name="__codelineno-12-99" href="#__codelineno-12-99"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-100" name="__codelineno-12-100" href="#__codelineno-12-100"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-101" name="__codelineno-12-101" href="#__codelineno-12-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;返回数组用于打印&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-102" name="__codelineno-12-102" href="#__codelineno-12-102"></a>        <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-103" name="__codelineno-12-103" href="#__codelineno-12-103"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-104" name="__codelineno-12-104" href="#__codelineno-12-104"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-105" name="__codelineno-12-105" href="#__codelineno-12-105"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-106" name="__codelineno-12-106" href="#__codelineno-12-106"></a>            <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-107" name="__codelineno-12-107" href="#__codelineno-12-107"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双向链表节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">DoublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 后继节点指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 前驱节点指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front ，尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 析构方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历链表删除节点，释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-35" name="__codelineno-13-35" href="#__codelineno-13-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-36" name="__codelineno-13-36" href="#__codelineno-13-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-37" name="__codelineno-13-37" href="#__codelineno-13-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-38" name="__codelineno-13-38" href="#__codelineno-13-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-39" name="__codelineno-13-39" href="#__codelineno-13-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-40" name="__codelineno-13-40" href="#__codelineno-13-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-41" name="__codelineno-13-41" href="#__codelineno-13-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-42" name="__codelineno-13-42" href="#__codelineno-13-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-43" name="__codelineno-13-43" href="#__codelineno-13-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-44" name="__codelineno-13-44" href="#__codelineno-13-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-45" name="__codelineno-13-45" href="#__codelineno-13-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-46" name="__codelineno-13-46" href="#__codelineno-13-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-47" name="__codelineno-13-47" href="#__codelineno-13-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-48" name="__codelineno-13-48" href="#__codelineno-13-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-49" name="__codelineno-13-49" href="#__codelineno-13-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-50" name="__codelineno-13-50" href="#__codelineno-13-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-51" name="__codelineno-13-51" href="#__codelineno-13-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-52" name="__codelineno-13-52" href="#__codelineno-13-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-53" name="__codelineno-13-53" href="#__codelineno-13-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-54" name="__codelineno-13-54" href="#__codelineno-13-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-55" name="__codelineno-13-55" href="#__codelineno-13-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-56" name="__codelineno-13-56" href="#__codelineno-13-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-57" name="__codelineno-13-57" href="#__codelineno-13-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-58" name="__codelineno-13-58" href="#__codelineno-13-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-59" name="__codelineno-13-59" href="#__codelineno-13-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-60" name="__codelineno-13-60" href="#__codelineno-13-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-61" name="__codelineno-13-61" href="#__codelineno-13-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-62" name="__codelineno-13-62" href="#__codelineno-13-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-63" name="__codelineno-13-63" href="#__codelineno-13-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-64" name="__codelineno-13-64" href="#__codelineno-13-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-65" name="__codelineno-13-65" href="#__codelineno-13-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-66" name="__codelineno-13-66" href="#__codelineno-13-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-67" name="__codelineno-13-67" href="#__codelineno-13-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-68" name="__codelineno-13-68" href="#__codelineno-13-68"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-69" name="__codelineno-13-69" href="#__codelineno-13-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-70" name="__codelineno-13-70" href="#__codelineno-13-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-71" name="__codelineno-13-71" href="#__codelineno-13-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-72" name="__codelineno-13-72" href="#__codelineno-13-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-73" name="__codelineno-13-73" href="#__codelineno-13-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-74" name="__codelineno-13-74" href="#__codelineno-13-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-75" name="__codelineno-13-75" href="#__codelineno-13-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-76" name="__codelineno-13-76" href="#__codelineno-13-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-77" name="__codelineno-13-77" href="#__codelineno-13-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-78" name="__codelineno-13-78" href="#__codelineno-13-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-79" name="__codelineno-13-79" href="#__codelineno-13-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-80" name="__codelineno-13-80" href="#__codelineno-13-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-81" name="__codelineno-13-81" href="#__codelineno-13-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存头节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-82" name="__codelineno-13-82" href="#__codelineno-13-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-83" name="__codelineno-13-83" href="#__codelineno-13-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-84" name="__codelineno-13-84" href="#__codelineno-13-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-85" name="__codelineno-13-85" href="#__codelineno-13-85"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-86" name="__codelineno-13-86" href="#__codelineno-13-86"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-87" name="__codelineno-13-87" href="#__codelineno-13-87"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-88" name="__codelineno-13-88" href="#__codelineno-13-88"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-89" name="__codelineno-13-89" href="#__codelineno-13-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-90" name="__codelineno-13-90" href="#__codelineno-13-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-91" name="__codelineno-13-91" href="#__codelineno-13-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-92" name="__codelineno-13-92" href="#__codelineno-13-92"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-93" name="__codelineno-13-93" href="#__codelineno-13-93"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 删除尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-94" name="__codelineno-13-94" href="#__codelineno-13-94"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-95" name="__codelineno-13-95" href="#__codelineno-13-95"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-96" name="__codelineno-13-96" href="#__codelineno-13-96"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-97" name="__codelineno-13-97" href="#__codelineno-13-97"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-98" name="__codelineno-13-98" href="#__codelineno-13-98"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-99" name="__codelineno-13-99" href="#__codelineno-13-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-100" name="__codelineno-13-100" href="#__codelineno-13-100"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-101" name="__codelineno-13-101" href="#__codelineno-13-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-102" name="__codelineno-13-102" href="#__codelineno-13-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-103" name="__codelineno-13-103" href="#__codelineno-13-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-104" name="__codelineno-13-104" href="#__codelineno-13-104"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-105" name="__codelineno-13-105" href="#__codelineno-13-105"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-106" name="__codelineno-13-106" href="#__codelineno-13-106"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-107" name="__codelineno-13-107" href="#__codelineno-13-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-108" name="__codelineno-13-108" href="#__codelineno-13-108"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-109" name="__codelineno-13-109" href="#__codelineno-13-109"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-110" name="__codelineno-13-110" href="#__codelineno-13-110"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-111" name="__codelineno-13-111" href="#__codelineno-13-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-112" name="__codelineno-13-112" href="#__codelineno-13-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-113" name="__codelineno-13-113" href="#__codelineno-13-113"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-114" name="__codelineno-13-114" href="#__codelineno-13-114"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-115" name="__codelineno-13-115" href="#__codelineno-13-115"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-116" name="__codelineno-13-116" href="#__codelineno-13-116"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-117" name="__codelineno-13-117" href="#__codelineno-13-117"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-118" name="__codelineno-13-118" href="#__codelineno-13-118"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-119" name="__codelineno-13-119" href="#__codelineno-13-119"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-120" name="__codelineno-13-120" href="#__codelineno-13-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-121" name="__codelineno-13-121" href="#__codelineno-13-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-122" name="__codelineno-13-122" href="#__codelineno-13-122"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-123" name="__codelineno-13-123" href="#__codelineno-13-123"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-124" name="__codelineno-13-124" href="#__codelineno-13-124"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-125" name="__codelineno-13-125" href="#__codelineno-13-125"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-126" name="__codelineno-13-126" href="#__codelineno-13-126"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-127" name="__codelineno-13-127" href="#__codelineno-13-127"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-128" name="__codelineno-13-128" href="#__codelineno-13-128"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-129" name="__codelineno-13-129" href="#__codelineno-13-129"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-130" name="__codelineno-13-130" href="#__codelineno-13-130"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-131" name="__codelineno-13-131" href="#__codelineno-13-131"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-132" name="__codelineno-13-132" href="#__codelineno-13-132"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-133" name="__codelineno-13-133" href="#__codelineno-13-133"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-134" name="__codelineno-13-134" href="#__codelineno-13-134"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-135" name="__codelineno-13-135" href="#__codelineno-13-135"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-136" name="__codelineno-13-136" href="#__codelineno-13-136"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-137" name="__codelineno-13-137" href="#__codelineno-13-137"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-138" name="__codelineno-13-138" href="#__codelineno-13-138"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-139" name="__codelineno-13-139" href="#__codelineno-13-139"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-140" name="__codelineno-13-140" href="#__codelineno-13-140"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">DoublyListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双向链表节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 后继节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 前驱节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front ，尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-34" name="__codelineno-14-34" href="#__codelineno-14-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-35" name="__codelineno-14-35" href="#__codelineno-14-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-36" name="__codelineno-14-36" href="#__codelineno-14-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-37" name="__codelineno-14-37" href="#__codelineno-14-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-38" name="__codelineno-14-38" href="#__codelineno-14-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-39" name="__codelineno-14-39" href="#__codelineno-14-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-40" name="__codelineno-14-40" href="#__codelineno-14-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-41" name="__codelineno-14-41" href="#__codelineno-14-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-42" name="__codelineno-14-42" href="#__codelineno-14-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-43" name="__codelineno-14-43" href="#__codelineno-14-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-44" name="__codelineno-14-44" href="#__codelineno-14-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-45" name="__codelineno-14-45" href="#__codelineno-14-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-46" name="__codelineno-14-46" href="#__codelineno-14-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-47" name="__codelineno-14-47" href="#__codelineno-14-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-48" name="__codelineno-14-48" href="#__codelineno-14-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-49" name="__codelineno-14-49" href="#__codelineno-14-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-50" name="__codelineno-14-50" href="#__codelineno-14-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-51" name="__codelineno-14-51" href="#__codelineno-14-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-52" name="__codelineno-14-52" href="#__codelineno-14-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-53" name="__codelineno-14-53" href="#__codelineno-14-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-54" name="__codelineno-14-54" href="#__codelineno-14-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-55" name="__codelineno-14-55" href="#__codelineno-14-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-56" name="__codelineno-14-56" href="#__codelineno-14-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-57" name="__codelineno-14-57" href="#__codelineno-14-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-58" name="__codelineno-14-58" href="#__codelineno-14-58"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-59" name="__codelineno-14-59" href="#__codelineno-14-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-60" name="__codelineno-14-60" href="#__codelineno-14-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-61" name="__codelineno-14-61" href="#__codelineno-14-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-62" name="__codelineno-14-62" href="#__codelineno-14-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-63" name="__codelineno-14-63" href="#__codelineno-14-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-64" name="__codelineno-14-64" href="#__codelineno-14-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-65" name="__codelineno-14-65" href="#__codelineno-14-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-66" name="__codelineno-14-66" href="#__codelineno-14-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-67" name="__codelineno-14-67" href="#__codelineno-14-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-68" name="__codelineno-14-68" href="#__codelineno-14-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-69" name="__codelineno-14-69" href="#__codelineno-14-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-70" name="__codelineno-14-70" href="#__codelineno-14-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-71" name="__codelineno-14-71" href="#__codelineno-14-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存头节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-72" name="__codelineno-14-72" href="#__codelineno-14-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-73" name="__codelineno-14-73" href="#__codelineno-14-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-74" name="__codelineno-14-74" href="#__codelineno-14-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-75" name="__codelineno-14-75" href="#__codelineno-14-75"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-76" name="__codelineno-14-76" href="#__codelineno-14-76"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-77" name="__codelineno-14-77" href="#__codelineno-14-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-78" name="__codelineno-14-78" href="#__codelineno-14-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-79" name="__codelineno-14-79" href="#__codelineno-14-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-80" name="__codelineno-14-80" href="#__codelineno-14-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-81" name="__codelineno-14-81" href="#__codelineno-14-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-82" name="__codelineno-14-82" href="#__codelineno-14-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 删除尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-83" name="__codelineno-14-83" href="#__codelineno-14-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">prev</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-84" name="__codelineno-14-84" href="#__codelineno-14-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-85" name="__codelineno-14-85" href="#__codelineno-14-85"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-86" name="__codelineno-14-86" href="#__codelineno-14-86"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-87" name="__codelineno-14-87" href="#__codelineno-14-87"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-88" name="__codelineno-14-88" href="#__codelineno-14-88"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-89" name="__codelineno-14-89" href="#__codelineno-14-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-90" name="__codelineno-14-90" href="#__codelineno-14-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-91" name="__codelineno-14-91" href="#__codelineno-14-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-92" name="__codelineno-14-92" href="#__codelineno-14-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-93" name="__codelineno-14-93" href="#__codelineno-14-93"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-94" name="__codelineno-14-94" href="#__codelineno-14-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-95" name="__codelineno-14-95" href="#__codelineno-14-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-96" name="__codelineno-14-96" href="#__codelineno-14-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-97" name="__codelineno-14-97" href="#__codelineno-14-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-98" name="__codelineno-14-98" href="#__codelineno-14-98"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-99" name="__codelineno-14-99" href="#__codelineno-14-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-100" name="__codelineno-14-100" href="#__codelineno-14-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-101" name="__codelineno-14-101" href="#__codelineno-14-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-102" name="__codelineno-14-102" href="#__codelineno-14-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-103" name="__codelineno-14-103" href="#__codelineno-14-103"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-104" name="__codelineno-14-104" href="#__codelineno-14-104"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-105" name="__codelineno-14-105" href="#__codelineno-14-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-106" name="__codelineno-14-106" href="#__codelineno-14-106"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-107" name="__codelineno-14-107" href="#__codelineno-14-107"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-108" name="__codelineno-14-108" href="#__codelineno-14-108"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-109" name="__codelineno-14-109" href="#__codelineno-14-109"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-110" name="__codelineno-14-110" href="#__codelineno-14-110"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-111" name="__codelineno-14-111" href="#__codelineno-14-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-112" name="__codelineno-14-112" href="#__codelineno-14-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-113" name="__codelineno-14-113" href="#__codelineno-14-113"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-114" name="__codelineno-14-114" href="#__codelineno-14-114"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-115" name="__codelineno-14-115" href="#__codelineno-14-115"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-116" name="__codelineno-14-116" href="#__codelineno-14-116"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-117" name="__codelineno-14-117" href="#__codelineno-14-117"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-118" name="__codelineno-14-118" href="#__codelineno-14-118"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-119" name="__codelineno-14-119" href="#__codelineno-14-119"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-120" name="__codelineno-14-120" href="#__codelineno-14-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-121" name="__codelineno-14-121" href="#__codelineno-14-121"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-122" name="__codelineno-14-122" href="#__codelineno-14-122"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-123" name="__codelineno-14-123" href="#__codelineno-14-123"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-124" name="__codelineno-14-124" href="#__codelineno-14-124"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-125" name="__codelineno-14-125" href="#__codelineno-14-125"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-126" name="__codelineno-14-126" href="#__codelineno-14-126"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-127" name="__codelineno-14-127" href="#__codelineno-14-127"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-128" name="__codelineno-14-128" href="#__codelineno-14-128"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">ListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双向链表节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 后继节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 前驱节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front, 尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-34" name="__codelineno-15-34" href="#__codelineno-15-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-35" name="__codelineno-15-35" href="#__codelineno-15-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-36" name="__codelineno-15-36" href="#__codelineno-15-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-37" name="__codelineno-15-37" href="#__codelineno-15-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-38" name="__codelineno-15-38" href="#__codelineno-15-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-39" name="__codelineno-15-39" href="#__codelineno-15-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-40" name="__codelineno-15-40" href="#__codelineno-15-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-41" name="__codelineno-15-41" href="#__codelineno-15-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-42" name="__codelineno-15-42" href="#__codelineno-15-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-43" name="__codelineno-15-43" href="#__codelineno-15-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-44" name="__codelineno-15-44" href="#__codelineno-15-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-45" name="__codelineno-15-45" href="#__codelineno-15-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-46" name="__codelineno-15-46" href="#__codelineno-15-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-47" name="__codelineno-15-47" href="#__codelineno-15-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点                           </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-48" name="__codelineno-15-48" href="#__codelineno-15-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-49" name="__codelineno-15-49" href="#__codelineno-15-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-50" name="__codelineno-15-50" href="#__codelineno-15-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-51" name="__codelineno-15-51" href="#__codelineno-15-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-52" name="__codelineno-15-52" href="#__codelineno-15-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-53" name="__codelineno-15-53" href="#__codelineno-15-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-54" name="__codelineno-15-54" href="#__codelineno-15-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-55" name="__codelineno-15-55" href="#__codelineno-15-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-56" name="__codelineno-15-56" href="#__codelineno-15-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-57" name="__codelineno-15-57" href="#__codelineno-15-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-58" name="__codelineno-15-58" href="#__codelineno-15-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-59" name="__codelineno-15-59" href="#__codelineno-15-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-60" name="__codelineno-15-60" href="#__codelineno-15-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-61" name="__codelineno-15-61" href="#__codelineno-15-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-62" name="__codelineno-15-62" href="#__codelineno-15-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-63" name="__codelineno-15-63" href="#__codelineno-15-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-64" name="__codelineno-15-64" href="#__codelineno-15-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-65" name="__codelineno-15-65" href="#__codelineno-15-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-66" name="__codelineno-15-66" href="#__codelineno-15-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-67" name="__codelineno-15-67" href="#__codelineno-15-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-68" name="__codelineno-15-68" href="#__codelineno-15-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-69" name="__codelineno-15-69" href="#__codelineno-15-69"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-70" name="__codelineno-15-70" href="#__codelineno-15-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-71" name="__codelineno-15-71" href="#__codelineno-15-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-72" name="__codelineno-15-72" href="#__codelineno-15-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-73" name="__codelineno-15-73" href="#__codelineno-15-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-74" name="__codelineno-15-74" href="#__codelineno-15-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-75" name="__codelineno-15-75" href="#__codelineno-15-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-76" name="__codelineno-15-76" href="#__codelineno-15-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-77" name="__codelineno-15-77" href="#__codelineno-15-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存头节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-78" name="__codelineno-15-78" href="#__codelineno-15-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-79" name="__codelineno-15-79" href="#__codelineno-15-79"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-80" name="__codelineno-15-80" href="#__codelineno-15-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-81" name="__codelineno-15-81" href="#__codelineno-15-81"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-82" name="__codelineno-15-82" href="#__codelineno-15-82"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-83" name="__codelineno-15-83" href="#__codelineno-15-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-84" name="__codelineno-15-84" href="#__codelineno-15-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-85" name="__codelineno-15-85" href="#__codelineno-15-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-86" name="__codelineno-15-86" href="#__codelineno-15-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-87" name="__codelineno-15-87" href="#__codelineno-15-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-88" name="__codelineno-15-88" href="#__codelineno-15-88"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 暂存尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-89" name="__codelineno-15-89" href="#__codelineno-15-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 删除尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-90" name="__codelineno-15-90" href="#__codelineno-15-90"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-91" name="__codelineno-15-91" href="#__codelineno-15-91"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-92" name="__codelineno-15-92" href="#__codelineno-15-92"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-93" name="__codelineno-15-93" href="#__codelineno-15-93"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-94" name="__codelineno-15-94" href="#__codelineno-15-94"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-95" name="__codelineno-15-95" href="#__codelineno-15-95"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-96" name="__codelineno-15-96" href="#__codelineno-15-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-97" name="__codelineno-15-97" href="#__codelineno-15-97"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-98" name="__codelineno-15-98" href="#__codelineno-15-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-99" name="__codelineno-15-99" href="#__codelineno-15-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-100" name="__codelineno-15-100" href="#__codelineno-15-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-101" name="__codelineno-15-101" href="#__codelineno-15-101"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-102" name="__codelineno-15-102" href="#__codelineno-15-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-103" name="__codelineno-15-103" href="#__codelineno-15-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-104" name="__codelineno-15-104" href="#__codelineno-15-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-105" name="__codelineno-15-105" href="#__codelineno-15-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-106" name="__codelineno-15-106" href="#__codelineno-15-106"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-107" name="__codelineno-15-107" href="#__codelineno-15-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-108" name="__codelineno-15-108" href="#__codelineno-15-108"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-109" name="__codelineno-15-109" href="#__codelineno-15-109"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-110" name="__codelineno-15-110" href="#__codelineno-15-110"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-111" name="__codelineno-15-111" href="#__codelineno-15-111"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-112" name="__codelineno-15-112" href="#__codelineno-15-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-113" name="__codelineno-15-113" href="#__codelineno-15-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-114" name="__codelineno-15-114" href="#__codelineno-15-114"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-115" name="__codelineno-15-115" href="#__codelineno-15-115"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-116" name="__codelineno-15-116" href="#__codelineno-15-116"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-117" name="__codelineno-15-117" href="#__codelineno-15-117"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-118" name="__codelineno-15-118" href="#__codelineno-15-118"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-119" name="__codelineno-15-119" href="#__codelineno-15-119"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-120" name="__codelineno-15-120" href="#__codelineno-15-120"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-121" name="__codelineno-15-121" href="#__codelineno-15-121"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-122" name="__codelineno-15-122" href="#__codelineno-15-122"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-123" name="__codelineno-15-123" href="#__codelineno-15-123"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-124" name="__codelineno-15-124" href="#__codelineno-15-124"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-125" name="__codelineno-15-125" href="#__codelineno-15-125"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-126" name="__codelineno-15-126" href="#__codelineno-15-126"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-127" name="__codelineno-15-127" href="#__codelineno-15-127"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-128" name="__codelineno-15-128" href="#__codelineno-15-128"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-129" name="__codelineno-15-129" href="#__codelineno-15-129"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-130" name="__codelineno-15-130" href="#__codelineno-15-130"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-131" name="__codelineno-15-131" href="#__codelineno-15-131"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-132" name="__codelineno-15-132" href="#__codelineno-15-132"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-133" name="__codelineno-15-133" href="#__codelineno-15-133"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-134" name="__codelineno-15-134" href="#__codelineno-15-134"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-135" name="__codelineno-15-135" href="#__codelineno-15-135"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-136" name="__codelineno-15-136" href="#__codelineno-15-136"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-137" name="__codelineno-15-137" href="#__codelineno-15-137"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置包 list</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化双端队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newLinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">New</span><span class="p">(),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 队首元素入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushFront</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 队尾元素入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 队首元素出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="cm">/* 队尾元素出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-35" name="__codelineno-16-35" href="#__codelineno-16-35"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-36" name="__codelineno-16-36" href="#__codelineno-16-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-37" name="__codelineno-16-37" href="#__codelineno-16-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-38" name="__codelineno-16-38" href="#__codelineno-16-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-39" name="__codelineno-16-39" href="#__codelineno-16-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Back</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-40" name="__codelineno-16-40" href="#__codelineno-16-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-41" name="__codelineno-16-41" href="#__codelineno-16-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-42" name="__codelineno-16-42" href="#__codelineno-16-42"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-43" name="__codelineno-16-43" href="#__codelineno-16-43"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-44" name="__codelineno-16-44" href="#__codelineno-16-44"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-45" name="__codelineno-16-45" href="#__codelineno-16-45"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-46" name="__codelineno-16-46" href="#__codelineno-16-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-47" name="__codelineno-16-47" href="#__codelineno-16-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-48" name="__codelineno-16-48" href="#__codelineno-16-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-49" name="__codelineno-16-49" href="#__codelineno-16-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-50" name="__codelineno-16-50" href="#__codelineno-16-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-51" name="__codelineno-16-51" href="#__codelineno-16-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-52" name="__codelineno-16-52" href="#__codelineno-16-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-53" name="__codelineno-16-53" href="#__codelineno-16-53"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-54" name="__codelineno-16-54" href="#__codelineno-16-54"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-55" name="__codelineno-16-55" href="#__codelineno-16-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-56" name="__codelineno-16-56" href="#__codelineno-16-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-57" name="__codelineno-16-57" href="#__codelineno-16-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-58" name="__codelineno-16-58" href="#__codelineno-16-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Back</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-59" name="__codelineno-16-59" href="#__codelineno-16-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-60" name="__codelineno-16-60" href="#__codelineno-16-60"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-61" name="__codelineno-16-61" href="#__codelineno-16-61"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-62" name="__codelineno-16-62" href="#__codelineno-16-62"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-63" name="__codelineno-16-63" href="#__codelineno-16-63"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-64" name="__codelineno-16-64" href="#__codelineno-16-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-65" name="__codelineno-16-65" href="#__codelineno-16-65"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-66" name="__codelineno-16-66" href="#__codelineno-16-66"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-67" name="__codelineno-16-67" href="#__codelineno-16-67"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-68" name="__codelineno-16-68" href="#__codelineno-16-68"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-69" name="__codelineno-16-69" href="#__codelineno-16-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-70" name="__codelineno-16-70" href="#__codelineno-16-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-71" name="__codelineno-16-71" href="#__codelineno-16-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-72" name="__codelineno-16-72" href="#__codelineno-16-72"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 List 用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-73" name="__codelineno-16-73" href="#__codelineno-16-73"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-74" name="__codelineno-16-74" href="#__codelineno-16-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-75" name="__codelineno-16-75" href="#__codelineno-16-75"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双向链表节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ListNode</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 后继节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="kr">weak</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">prev</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 前驱节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>        <span class="kc">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListDeque</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">rear</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">queSize</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>        <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-34" name="__codelineno-17-34" href="#__codelineno-17-34"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-35" name="__codelineno-17-35" href="#__codelineno-17-35"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-36" name="__codelineno-17-36" href="#__codelineno-17-36"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-37" name="__codelineno-17-37" href="#__codelineno-17-37"></a>            <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-38" name="__codelineno-17-38" href="#__codelineno-17-38"></a>            <span class="n">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-39" name="__codelineno-17-39" href="#__codelineno-17-39"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-40" name="__codelineno-17-40" href="#__codelineno-17-40"></a>        <span class="c1">// 队首入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-41" name="__codelineno-17-41" href="#__codelineno-17-41"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">isFront</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-42" name="__codelineno-17-42" href="#__codelineno-17-42"></a>            <span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-43" name="__codelineno-17-43" href="#__codelineno-17-43"></a>            <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">prev</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-44" name="__codelineno-17-44" href="#__codelineno-17-44"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-45" name="__codelineno-17-45" href="#__codelineno-17-45"></a>            <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-46" name="__codelineno-17-46" href="#__codelineno-17-46"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-47" name="__codelineno-17-47" href="#__codelineno-17-47"></a>        <span class="c1">// 队尾入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-48" name="__codelineno-17-48" href="#__codelineno-17-48"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-49" name="__codelineno-17-49" href="#__codelineno-17-49"></a>            <span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-50" name="__codelineno-17-50" href="#__codelineno-17-50"></a>            <span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-51" name="__codelineno-17-51" href="#__codelineno-17-51"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-52" name="__codelineno-17-52" href="#__codelineno-17-52"></a>            <span class="n">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-53" name="__codelineno-17-53" href="#__codelineno-17-53"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-54" name="__codelineno-17-54" href="#__codelineno-17-54"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-55" name="__codelineno-17-55" href="#__codelineno-17-55"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-56" name="__codelineno-17-56" href="#__codelineno-17-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-57" name="__codelineno-17-57" href="#__codelineno-17-57"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-58" name="__codelineno-17-58" href="#__codelineno-17-58"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-59" name="__codelineno-17-59" href="#__codelineno-17-59"></a>        <span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-60" name="__codelineno-17-60" href="#__codelineno-17-60"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-61" name="__codelineno-17-61" href="#__codelineno-17-61"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-62" name="__codelineno-17-62" href="#__codelineno-17-62"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-63" name="__codelineno-17-63" href="#__codelineno-17-63"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-64" name="__codelineno-17-64" href="#__codelineno-17-64"></a>        <span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-65" name="__codelineno-17-65" href="#__codelineno-17-65"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-66" name="__codelineno-17-66" href="#__codelineno-17-66"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-67" name="__codelineno-17-67" href="#__codelineno-17-67"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-68" name="__codelineno-17-68" href="#__codelineno-17-68"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-69" name="__codelineno-17-69" href="#__codelineno-17-69"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-70" name="__codelineno-17-70" href="#__codelineno-17-70"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-71" name="__codelineno-17-71" href="#__codelineno-17-71"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-72" name="__codelineno-17-72" href="#__codelineno-17-72"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-73" name="__codelineno-17-73" href="#__codelineno-17-73"></a>        <span class="c1">// 队首出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-74" name="__codelineno-17-74" href="#__codelineno-17-74"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">isFront</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-75" name="__codelineno-17-75" href="#__codelineno-17-75"></a>            <span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="c1">// 暂存头节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-76" name="__codelineno-17-76" href="#__codelineno-17-76"></a>            <span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-77" name="__codelineno-17-77" href="#__codelineno-17-77"></a>            <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">fNext</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-78" name="__codelineno-17-78" href="#__codelineno-17-78"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">fNext</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-79" name="__codelineno-17-79" href="#__codelineno-17-79"></a>                <span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">prev</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-80" name="__codelineno-17-80" href="#__codelineno-17-80"></a>                <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-81" name="__codelineno-17-81" href="#__codelineno-17-81"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-82" name="__codelineno-17-82" href="#__codelineno-17-82"></a>            <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">fNext</span> <span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-83" name="__codelineno-17-83" href="#__codelineno-17-83"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-84" name="__codelineno-17-84" href="#__codelineno-17-84"></a>        <span class="c1">// 队尾出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-85" name="__codelineno-17-85" href="#__codelineno-17-85"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-86" name="__codelineno-17-86" href="#__codelineno-17-86"></a>            <span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="c1">// 暂存尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-87" name="__codelineno-17-87" href="#__codelineno-17-87"></a>            <span class="c1">// 删除尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-88" name="__codelineno-17-88" href="#__codelineno-17-88"></a>            <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">rPrev</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">prev</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-89" name="__codelineno-17-89" href="#__codelineno-17-89"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">rPrev</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-90" name="__codelineno-17-90" href="#__codelineno-17-90"></a>                <span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-91" name="__codelineno-17-91" href="#__codelineno-17-91"></a>                <span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">prev</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-92" name="__codelineno-17-92" href="#__codelineno-17-92"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-93" name="__codelineno-17-93" href="#__codelineno-17-93"></a>            <span class="n">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">rPrev</span> <span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-94" name="__codelineno-17-94" href="#__codelineno-17-94"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-95" name="__codelineno-17-95" href="#__codelineno-17-95"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-96" name="__codelineno-17-96" href="#__codelineno-17-96"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-97" name="__codelineno-17-97" href="#__codelineno-17-97"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-98" name="__codelineno-17-98" href="#__codelineno-17-98"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-99" name="__codelineno-17-99" href="#__codelineno-17-99"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-100" name="__codelineno-17-100" href="#__codelineno-17-100"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-101" name="__codelineno-17-101" href="#__codelineno-17-101"></a>        <span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-102" name="__codelineno-17-102" href="#__codelineno-17-102"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-103" name="__codelineno-17-103" href="#__codelineno-17-103"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-104" name="__codelineno-17-104" href="#__codelineno-17-104"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-105" name="__codelineno-17-105" href="#__codelineno-17-105"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-106" name="__codelineno-17-106" href="#__codelineno-17-106"></a>        <span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-107" name="__codelineno-17-107" href="#__codelineno-17-107"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-108" name="__codelineno-17-108" href="#__codelineno-17-108"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-109" name="__codelineno-17-109" href="#__codelineno-17-109"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-110" name="__codelineno-17-110" href="#__codelineno-17-110"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-111" name="__codelineno-17-111" href="#__codelineno-17-111"></a>        <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-112" name="__codelineno-17-112" href="#__codelineno-17-112"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-113" name="__codelineno-17-113" href="#__codelineno-17-113"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-114" name="__codelineno-17-114" href="#__codelineno-17-114"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-115" name="__codelineno-17-115" href="#__codelineno-17-115"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-116" name="__codelineno-17-116" href="#__codelineno-17-116"></a>        <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-117" name="__codelineno-17-117" href="#__codelineno-17-117"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-118" name="__codelineno-17-118" href="#__codelineno-17-118"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-119" name="__codelineno-17-119" href="#__codelineno-17-119"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-120" name="__codelineno-17-120" href="#__codelineno-17-120"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-121" name="__codelineno-17-121" href="#__codelineno-17-121"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-122" name="__codelineno-17-122" href="#__codelineno-17-122"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-123" name="__codelineno-17-123" href="#__codelineno-17-123"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-124" name="__codelineno-17-124" href="#__codelineno-17-124"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-125" name="__codelineno-17-125" href="#__codelineno-17-125"></a>            <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-126" name="__codelineno-17-126" href="#__codelineno-17-126"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-127" name="__codelineno-17-127" href="#__codelineno-17-127"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-128" name="__codelineno-17-128" href="#__codelineno-17-128"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-129" name="__codelineno-17-129" href="#__codelineno-17-129"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双向链表节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 前驱节点引用 (指针)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 后继节点引用 (指针)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-34" name="__codelineno-18-34" href="#__codelineno-18-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-35" name="__codelineno-18-35" href="#__codelineno-18-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-36" name="__codelineno-18-36" href="#__codelineno-18-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-37" name="__codelineno-18-37" href="#__codelineno-18-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-38" name="__codelineno-18-38" href="#__codelineno-18-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-39" name="__codelineno-18-39" href="#__codelineno-18-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-40" name="__codelineno-18-40" href="#__codelineno-18-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-41" name="__codelineno-18-41" href="#__codelineno-18-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-42" name="__codelineno-18-42" href="#__codelineno-18-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-43" name="__codelineno-18-43" href="#__codelineno-18-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-44" name="__codelineno-18-44" href="#__codelineno-18-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-45" name="__codelineno-18-45" href="#__codelineno-18-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-46" name="__codelineno-18-46" href="#__codelineno-18-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-47" name="__codelineno-18-47" href="#__codelineno-18-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-48" name="__codelineno-18-48" href="#__codelineno-18-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-49" name="__codelineno-18-49" href="#__codelineno-18-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-50" name="__codelineno-18-50" href="#__codelineno-18-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-51" name="__codelineno-18-51" href="#__codelineno-18-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-52" name="__codelineno-18-52" href="#__codelineno-18-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-53" name="__codelineno-18-53" href="#__codelineno-18-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-54" name="__codelineno-18-54" href="#__codelineno-18-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-55" name="__codelineno-18-55" href="#__codelineno-18-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-56" name="__codelineno-18-56" href="#__codelineno-18-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-57" name="__codelineno-18-57" href="#__codelineno-18-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-58" name="__codelineno-18-58" href="#__codelineno-18-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-59" name="__codelineno-18-59" href="#__codelineno-18-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-60" name="__codelineno-18-60" href="#__codelineno-18-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-61" name="__codelineno-18-61" href="#__codelineno-18-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-62" name="__codelineno-18-62" href="#__codelineno-18-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-63" name="__codelineno-18-63" href="#__codelineno-18-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 存储尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-64" name="__codelineno-18-64" href="#__codelineno-18-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-65" name="__codelineno-18-65" href="#__codelineno-18-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-66" name="__codelineno-18-66" href="#__codelineno-18-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-67" name="__codelineno-18-67" href="#__codelineno-18-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-68" name="__codelineno-18-68" href="#__codelineno-18-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-69" name="__codelineno-18-69" href="#__codelineno-18-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-70" name="__codelineno-18-70" href="#__codelineno-18-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-71" name="__codelineno-18-71" href="#__codelineno-18-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-72" name="__codelineno-18-72" href="#__codelineno-18-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-73" name="__codelineno-18-73" href="#__codelineno-18-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-74" name="__codelineno-18-74" href="#__codelineno-18-74"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-75" name="__codelineno-18-75" href="#__codelineno-18-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-76" name="__codelineno-18-76" href="#__codelineno-18-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-77" name="__codelineno-18-77" href="#__codelineno-18-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-78" name="__codelineno-18-78" href="#__codelineno-18-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-79" name="__codelineno-18-79" href="#__codelineno-18-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-80" name="__codelineno-18-80" href="#__codelineno-18-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 存储尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-81" name="__codelineno-18-81" href="#__codelineno-18-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-82" name="__codelineno-18-82" href="#__codelineno-18-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-83" name="__codelineno-18-83" href="#__codelineno-18-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-84" name="__codelineno-18-84" href="#__codelineno-18-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-85" name="__codelineno-18-85" href="#__codelineno-18-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-86" name="__codelineno-18-86" href="#__codelineno-18-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-87" name="__codelineno-18-87" href="#__codelineno-18-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-88" name="__codelineno-18-88" href="#__codelineno-18-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-89" name="__codelineno-18-89" href="#__codelineno-18-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-90" name="__codelineno-18-90" href="#__codelineno-18-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-91" name="__codelineno-18-91" href="#__codelineno-18-91"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-92" name="__codelineno-18-92" href="#__codelineno-18-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-93" name="__codelineno-18-93" href="#__codelineno-18-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-94" name="__codelineno-18-94" href="#__codelineno-18-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-95" name="__codelineno-18-95" href="#__codelineno-18-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-96" name="__codelineno-18-96" href="#__codelineno-18-96"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-97" name="__codelineno-18-97" href="#__codelineno-18-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-98" name="__codelineno-18-98" href="#__codelineno-18-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-99" name="__codelineno-18-99" href="#__codelineno-18-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-100" name="__codelineno-18-100" href="#__codelineno-18-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-101" name="__codelineno-18-101" href="#__codelineno-18-101"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-102" name="__codelineno-18-102" href="#__codelineno-18-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-103" name="__codelineno-18-103" href="#__codelineno-18-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-104" name="__codelineno-18-104" href="#__codelineno-18-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-105" name="__codelineno-18-105" href="#__codelineno-18-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-106" name="__codelineno-18-106" href="#__codelineno-18-106"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-107" name="__codelineno-18-107" href="#__codelineno-18-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-108" name="__codelineno-18-108" href="#__codelineno-18-108"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-109" name="__codelineno-18-109" href="#__codelineno-18-109"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-110" name="__codelineno-18-110" href="#__codelineno-18-110"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-111" name="__codelineno-18-111" href="#__codelineno-18-111"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-112" name="__codelineno-18-112" href="#__codelineno-18-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-113" name="__codelineno-18-113" href="#__codelineno-18-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-114" name="__codelineno-18-114" href="#__codelineno-18-114"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-115" name="__codelineno-18-115" href="#__codelineno-18-115"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-116" name="__codelineno-18-116" href="#__codelineno-18-116"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-117" name="__codelineno-18-117" href="#__codelineno-18-117"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-118" name="__codelineno-18-118" href="#__codelineno-18-118"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-119" name="__codelineno-18-119" href="#__codelineno-18-119"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-120" name="__codelineno-18-120" href="#__codelineno-18-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;[&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;, &#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;]&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-121" name="__codelineno-18-121" href="#__codelineno-18-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-122" name="__codelineno-18-122" href="#__codelineno-18-122"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双向链表节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 前驱节点引用 (指针)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 后继节点引用 (指针)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-54" name="__codelineno-19-54" href="#__codelineno-19-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-55" name="__codelineno-19-55" href="#__codelineno-19-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-56" name="__codelineno-19-56" href="#__codelineno-19-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-57" name="__codelineno-19-57" href="#__codelineno-19-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-58" name="__codelineno-19-58" href="#__codelineno-19-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-59" name="__codelineno-19-59" href="#__codelineno-19-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-60" name="__codelineno-19-60" href="#__codelineno-19-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-61" name="__codelineno-19-61" href="#__codelineno-19-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-62" name="__codelineno-19-62" href="#__codelineno-19-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-63" name="__codelineno-19-63" href="#__codelineno-19-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 存储尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-64" name="__codelineno-19-64" href="#__codelineno-19-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-65" name="__codelineno-19-65" href="#__codelineno-19-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-66" name="__codelineno-19-66" href="#__codelineno-19-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-67" name="__codelineno-19-67" href="#__codelineno-19-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-68" name="__codelineno-19-68" href="#__codelineno-19-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-69" name="__codelineno-19-69" href="#__codelineno-19-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-70" name="__codelineno-19-70" href="#__codelineno-19-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-71" name="__codelineno-19-71" href="#__codelineno-19-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-72" name="__codelineno-19-72" href="#__codelineno-19-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-73" name="__codelineno-19-73" href="#__codelineno-19-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-74" name="__codelineno-19-74" href="#__codelineno-19-74"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-75" name="__codelineno-19-75" href="#__codelineno-19-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-76" name="__codelineno-19-76" href="#__codelineno-19-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-77" name="__codelineno-19-77" href="#__codelineno-19-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-78" name="__codelineno-19-78" href="#__codelineno-19-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-79" name="__codelineno-19-79" href="#__codelineno-19-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-80" name="__codelineno-19-80" href="#__codelineno-19-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 存储尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-81" name="__codelineno-19-81" href="#__codelineno-19-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-82" name="__codelineno-19-82" href="#__codelineno-19-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-83" name="__codelineno-19-83" href="#__codelineno-19-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-84" name="__codelineno-19-84" href="#__codelineno-19-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-85" name="__codelineno-19-85" href="#__codelineno-19-85"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-86" name="__codelineno-19-86" href="#__codelineno-19-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-87" name="__codelineno-19-87" href="#__codelineno-19-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-88" name="__codelineno-19-88" href="#__codelineno-19-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-89" name="__codelineno-19-89" href="#__codelineno-19-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-90" name="__codelineno-19-90" href="#__codelineno-19-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-91" name="__codelineno-19-91" href="#__codelineno-19-91"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-92" name="__codelineno-19-92" href="#__codelineno-19-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-93" name="__codelineno-19-93" href="#__codelineno-19-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-94" name="__codelineno-19-94" href="#__codelineno-19-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">this.rear.val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-95" name="__codelineno-19-95" href="#__codelineno-19-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-96" name="__codelineno-19-96" href="#__codelineno-19-96"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-97" name="__codelineno-19-97" href="#__codelineno-19-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-98" name="__codelineno-19-98" href="#__codelineno-19-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-99" name="__codelineno-19-99" href="#__codelineno-19-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">this.front.val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-100" name="__codelineno-19-100" href="#__codelineno-19-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-101" name="__codelineno-19-101" href="#__codelineno-19-101"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-102" name="__codelineno-19-102" href="#__codelineno-19-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-103" name="__codelineno-19-103" href="#__codelineno-19-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-104" name="__codelineno-19-104" href="#__codelineno-19-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-105" name="__codelineno-19-105" href="#__codelineno-19-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-106" name="__codelineno-19-106" href="#__codelineno-19-106"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-107" name="__codelineno-19-107" href="#__codelineno-19-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-108" name="__codelineno-19-108" href="#__codelineno-19-108"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-109" name="__codelineno-19-109" href="#__codelineno-19-109"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-110" name="__codelineno-19-110" href="#__codelineno-19-110"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-111" name="__codelineno-19-111" href="#__codelineno-19-111"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-112" name="__codelineno-19-112" href="#__codelineno-19-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 打印双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-113" name="__codelineno-19-113" href="#__codelineno-19-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-114" name="__codelineno-19-114" href="#__codelineno-19-114"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-115" name="__codelineno-19-115" href="#__codelineno-19-115"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-116" name="__codelineno-19-116" href="#__codelineno-19-116"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-117" name="__codelineno-19-117" href="#__codelineno-19-117"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-118" name="__codelineno-19-118" href="#__codelineno-19-118"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-119" name="__codelineno-19-119" href="#__codelineno-19-119"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-120" name="__codelineno-19-120" href="#__codelineno-19-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;[&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;, &#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;]&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-121" name="__codelineno-19-121" href="#__codelineno-19-121"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-122" name="__codelineno-19-122" href="#__codelineno-19-122"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双向链表节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 后继节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 前驱节点引用</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向对列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 _front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 _rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 _front 和 _rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 队首入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-40" name="__codelineno-20-40" href="#__codelineno-20-40"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-41" name="__codelineno-20-41" href="#__codelineno-20-41"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-42" name="__codelineno-20-42" href="#__codelineno-20-42"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-43" name="__codelineno-20-43" href="#__codelineno-20-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-44" name="__codelineno-20-44" href="#__codelineno-20-44"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 队尾入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-45" name="__codelineno-20-45" href="#__codelineno-20-45"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-46" name="__codelineno-20-46" href="#__codelineno-20-46"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-47" name="__codelineno-20-47" href="#__codelineno-20-47"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-48" name="__codelineno-20-48" href="#__codelineno-20-48"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-49" name="__codelineno-20-49" href="#__codelineno-20-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-50" name="__codelineno-20-50" href="#__codelineno-20-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-51" name="__codelineno-20-51" href="#__codelineno-20-51"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-52" name="__codelineno-20-52" href="#__codelineno-20-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-53" name="__codelineno-20-53" href="#__codelineno-20-53"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-54" name="__codelineno-20-54" href="#__codelineno-20-54"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-55" name="__codelineno-20-55" href="#__codelineno-20-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-56" name="__codelineno-20-56" href="#__codelineno-20-56"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-57" name="__codelineno-20-57" href="#__codelineno-20-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-58" name="__codelineno-20-58" href="#__codelineno-20-58"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-59" name="__codelineno-20-59" href="#__codelineno-20-59"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-60" name="__codelineno-20-60" href="#__codelineno-20-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-61" name="__codelineno-20-61" href="#__codelineno-20-61"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-62" name="__codelineno-20-62" href="#__codelineno-20-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-63" name="__codelineno-20-63" href="#__codelineno-20-63"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-64" name="__codelineno-20-64" href="#__codelineno-20-64"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-65" name="__codelineno-20-65" href="#__codelineno-20-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若队列为空，直接返回 null</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-66" name="__codelineno-20-66" href="#__codelineno-20-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-67" name="__codelineno-20-67" href="#__codelineno-20-67"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-68" name="__codelineno-20-68" href="#__codelineno-20-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-69" name="__codelineno-20-69" href="#__codelineno-20-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-70" name="__codelineno-20-70" href="#__codelineno-20-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-71" name="__codelineno-20-71" href="#__codelineno-20-71"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 队首出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-72" name="__codelineno-20-72" href="#__codelineno-20-72"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存头节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-73" name="__codelineno-20-73" href="#__codelineno-20-73"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-74" name="__codelineno-20-74" href="#__codelineno-20-74"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-75" name="__codelineno-20-75" href="#__codelineno-20-75"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-76" name="__codelineno-20-76" href="#__codelineno-20-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-77" name="__codelineno-20-77" href="#__codelineno-20-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-78" name="__codelineno-20-78" href="#__codelineno-20-78"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-79" name="__codelineno-20-79" href="#__codelineno-20-79"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-80" name="__codelineno-20-80" href="#__codelineno-20-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-81" name="__codelineno-20-81" href="#__codelineno-20-81"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 队尾出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-82" name="__codelineno-20-82" href="#__codelineno-20-82"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-83" name="__codelineno-20-83" href="#__codelineno-20-83"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 删除尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-84" name="__codelineno-20-84" href="#__codelineno-20-84"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-85" name="__codelineno-20-85" href="#__codelineno-20-85"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-86" name="__codelineno-20-86" href="#__codelineno-20-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-87" name="__codelineno-20-87" href="#__codelineno-20-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-88" name="__codelineno-20-88" href="#__codelineno-20-88"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-89" name="__codelineno-20-89" href="#__codelineno-20-89"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-90" name="__codelineno-20-90" href="#__codelineno-20-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-91" name="__codelineno-20-91" href="#__codelineno-20-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-92" name="__codelineno-20-92" href="#__codelineno-20-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-93" name="__codelineno-20-93" href="#__codelineno-20-93"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-94" name="__codelineno-20-94" href="#__codelineno-20-94"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-95" name="__codelineno-20-95" href="#__codelineno-20-95"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-96" name="__codelineno-20-96" href="#__codelineno-20-96"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-97" name="__codelineno-20-97" href="#__codelineno-20-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-98" name="__codelineno-20-98" href="#__codelineno-20-98"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-99" name="__codelineno-20-99" href="#__codelineno-20-99"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-100" name="__codelineno-20-100" href="#__codelineno-20-100"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-101" name="__codelineno-20-101" href="#__codelineno-20-101"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-102" name="__codelineno-20-102" href="#__codelineno-20-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-103" name="__codelineno-20-103" href="#__codelineno-20-103"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-104" name="__codelineno-20-104" href="#__codelineno-20-104"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-105" name="__codelineno-20-105" href="#__codelineno-20-105"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-106" name="__codelineno-20-106" href="#__codelineno-20-106"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-107" name="__codelineno-20-107" href="#__codelineno-20-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-108" name="__codelineno-20-108" href="#__codelineno-20-108"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-109" name="__codelineno-20-109" href="#__codelineno-20-109"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-110" name="__codelineno-20-110" href="#__codelineno-20-110"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-111" name="__codelineno-20-111" href="#__codelineno-20-111"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-112" name="__codelineno-20-112" href="#__codelineno-20-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-113" name="__codelineno-20-113" href="#__codelineno-20-113"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-114" name="__codelineno-20-114" href="#__codelineno-20-114"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-115" name="__codelineno-20-115" href="#__codelineno-20-115"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-116" name="__codelineno-20-116" href="#__codelineno-20-116"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-117" name="__codelineno-20-117" href="#__codelineno-20-117"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-118" name="__codelineno-20-118" href="#__codelineno-20-118"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-119" name="__codelineno-20-119" href="#__codelineno-20-119"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-120" name="__codelineno-20-120" href="#__codelineno-20-120"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-121" name="__codelineno-20-121" href="#__codelineno-20-121"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-122" name="__codelineno-20-122" href="#__codelineno-20-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-123" name="__codelineno-20-123" href="#__codelineno-20-123"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-124" name="__codelineno-20-124" href="#__codelineno-20-124"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-125" name="__codelineno-20-125" href="#__codelineno-20-125"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双向链表节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                                 </span><span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 后继节点指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">prev</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 前驱节点指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RefCell</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">next</span>: <span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">prev</span>: <span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(dead_code)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">front</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">rear</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 rear </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que_size</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                            </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span>: <span class="nb">Copy</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span>: <span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span>: <span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que_size</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-39" name="__codelineno-21-39" href="#__codelineno-21-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-40" name="__codelineno-21-40" href="#__codelineno-21-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-41" name="__codelineno-21-41" href="#__codelineno-21-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-42" name="__codelineno-21-42" href="#__codelineno-21-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-43" name="__codelineno-21-43" href="#__codelineno-21-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-44" name="__codelineno-21-44" href="#__codelineno-21-44"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-45" name="__codelineno-21-45" href="#__codelineno-21-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-46" name="__codelineno-21-46" href="#__codelineno-21-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">is_front</span>: <span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-47" name="__codelineno-21-47" href="#__codelineno-21-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-48" name="__codelineno-21-48" href="#__codelineno-21-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-49" name="__codelineno-21-49" href="#__codelineno-21-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">is_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-50" name="__codelineno-21-50" href="#__codelineno-21-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-51" name="__codelineno-21-51" href="#__codelineno-21-51"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-52" name="__codelineno-21-52" href="#__codelineno-21-52"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-53" name="__codelineno-21-53" href="#__codelineno-21-53"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-54" name="__codelineno-21-54" href="#__codelineno-21-54"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-55" name="__codelineno-21-55" href="#__codelineno-21-55"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-56" name="__codelineno-21-56" href="#__codelineno-21-56"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-57" name="__codelineno-21-57" href="#__codelineno-21-57"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">old_front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-58" name="__codelineno-21-58" href="#__codelineno-21-58"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">old_front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-59" name="__codelineno-21-59" href="#__codelineno-21-59"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">old_front</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-60" name="__codelineno-21-60" href="#__codelineno-21-60"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-61" name="__codelineno-21-61" href="#__codelineno-21-61"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-62" name="__codelineno-21-62" href="#__codelineno-21-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-63" name="__codelineno-21-63" href="#__codelineno-21-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-64" name="__codelineno-21-64" href="#__codelineno-21-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-65" name="__codelineno-21-65" href="#__codelineno-21-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-66" name="__codelineno-21-66" href="#__codelineno-21-66"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-67" name="__codelineno-21-67" href="#__codelineno-21-67"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-68" name="__codelineno-21-68" href="#__codelineno-21-68"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-69" name="__codelineno-21-69" href="#__codelineno-21-69"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-70" name="__codelineno-21-70" href="#__codelineno-21-70"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-71" name="__codelineno-21-71" href="#__codelineno-21-71"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-72" name="__codelineno-21-72" href="#__codelineno-21-72"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-73" name="__codelineno-21-73" href="#__codelineno-21-73"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">old_rear</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-74" name="__codelineno-21-74" href="#__codelineno-21-74"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">old_rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-75" name="__codelineno-21-75" href="#__codelineno-21-75"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">old_rear</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-76" name="__codelineno-21-76" href="#__codelineno-21-76"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-77" name="__codelineno-21-77" href="#__codelineno-21-77"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-78" name="__codelineno-21-78" href="#__codelineno-21-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-79" name="__codelineno-21-79" href="#__codelineno-21-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-80" name="__codelineno-21-80" href="#__codelineno-21-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-81" name="__codelineno-21-81" href="#__codelineno-21-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-82" name="__codelineno-21-82" href="#__codelineno-21-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-83" name="__codelineno-21-83" href="#__codelineno-21-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-84" name="__codelineno-21-84" href="#__codelineno-21-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-85" name="__codelineno-21-85" href="#__codelineno-21-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-86" name="__codelineno-21-86" href="#__codelineno-21-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-87" name="__codelineno-21-87" href="#__codelineno-21-87"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-88" name="__codelineno-21-88" href="#__codelineno-21-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-89" name="__codelineno-21-89" href="#__codelineno-21-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-90" name="__codelineno-21-90" href="#__codelineno-21-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-91" name="__codelineno-21-91" href="#__codelineno-21-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-92" name="__codelineno-21-92" href="#__codelineno-21-92"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-93" name="__codelineno-21-93" href="#__codelineno-21-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-94" name="__codelineno-21-94" href="#__codelineno-21-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">is_front</span>: <span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-95" name="__codelineno-21-95" href="#__codelineno-21-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若队列为空，直接返回 None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-96" name="__codelineno-21-96" href="#__codelineno-21-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-97" name="__codelineno-21-97" href="#__codelineno-21-97"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-98" name="__codelineno-21-98" href="#__codelineno-21-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-99" name="__codelineno-21-99" href="#__codelineno-21-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-100" name="__codelineno-21-100" href="#__codelineno-21-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">is_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-101" name="__codelineno-21-101" href="#__codelineno-21-101"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">old_front</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-102" name="__codelineno-21-102" href="#__codelineno-21-102"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">old_front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-103" name="__codelineno-21-103" href="#__codelineno-21-103"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-104" name="__codelineno-21-104" href="#__codelineno-21-104"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="n">new_front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-105" name="__codelineno-21-105" href="#__codelineno-21-105"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_front</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-106" name="__codelineno-21-106" href="#__codelineno-21-106"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-107" name="__codelineno-21-107" href="#__codelineno-21-107"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-108" name="__codelineno-21-108" href="#__codelineno-21-108"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-109" name="__codelineno-21-109" href="#__codelineno-21-109"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-110" name="__codelineno-21-110" href="#__codelineno-21-110"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-111" name="__codelineno-21-111" href="#__codelineno-21-111"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-112" name="__codelineno-21-112" href="#__codelineno-21-112"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">try_unwrap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">old_front</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">into_inner</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-113" name="__codelineno-21-113" href="#__codelineno-21-113"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-114" name="__codelineno-21-114" href="#__codelineno-21-114"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-115" name="__codelineno-21-115" href="#__codelineno-21-115"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-116" name="__codelineno-21-116" href="#__codelineno-21-116"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-117" name="__codelineno-21-117" href="#__codelineno-21-117"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-118" name="__codelineno-21-118" href="#__codelineno-21-118"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">old_rear</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-119" name="__codelineno-21-119" href="#__codelineno-21-119"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">old_rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-120" name="__codelineno-21-120" href="#__codelineno-21-120"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_rear</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-121" name="__codelineno-21-121" href="#__codelineno-21-121"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="n">new_rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-122" name="__codelineno-21-122" href="#__codelineno-21-122"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_rear</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-123" name="__codelineno-21-123" href="#__codelineno-21-123"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-124" name="__codelineno-21-124" href="#__codelineno-21-124"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-125" name="__codelineno-21-125" href="#__codelineno-21-125"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-126" name="__codelineno-21-126" href="#__codelineno-21-126"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-127" name="__codelineno-21-127" href="#__codelineno-21-127"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-128" name="__codelineno-21-128" href="#__codelineno-21-128"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-129" name="__codelineno-21-129" href="#__codelineno-21-129"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">try_unwrap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">old_rear</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">into_inner</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-130" name="__codelineno-21-130" href="#__codelineno-21-130"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-131" name="__codelineno-21-131" href="#__codelineno-21-131"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-132" name="__codelineno-21-132" href="#__codelineno-21-132"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-133" name="__codelineno-21-133" href="#__codelineno-21-133"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-134" name="__codelineno-21-134" href="#__codelineno-21-134"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-135" name="__codelineno-21-135" href="#__codelineno-21-135"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-136" name="__codelineno-21-136" href="#__codelineno-21-136"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-137" name="__codelineno-21-137" href="#__codelineno-21-137"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-138" name="__codelineno-21-138" href="#__codelineno-21-138"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-139" name="__codelineno-21-139" href="#__codelineno-21-139"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-140" name="__codelineno-21-140" href="#__codelineno-21-140"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-141" name="__codelineno-21-141" href="#__codelineno-21-141"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-142" name="__codelineno-21-142" href="#__codelineno-21-142"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-143" name="__codelineno-21-143" href="#__codelineno-21-143"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-144" name="__codelineno-21-144" href="#__codelineno-21-144"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-145" name="__codelineno-21-145" href="#__codelineno-21-145"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">peek_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-146" name="__codelineno-21-146" href="#__codelineno-21-146"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-147" name="__codelineno-21-147" href="#__codelineno-21-147"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-148" name="__codelineno-21-148" href="#__codelineno-21-148"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-149" name="__codelineno-21-149" href="#__codelineno-21-149"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-150" name="__codelineno-21-150" href="#__codelineno-21-150"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">peek_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-151" name="__codelineno-21-151" href="#__codelineno-21-151"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-152" name="__codelineno-21-152" href="#__codelineno-21-152"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-153" name="__codelineno-21-153" href="#__codelineno-21-153"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-154" name="__codelineno-21-154" href="#__codelineno-21-154"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-155" name="__codelineno-21-155" href="#__codelineno-21-155"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-156" name="__codelineno-21-156" href="#__codelineno-21-156"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-157" name="__codelineno-21-157" href="#__codelineno-21-157"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-158" name="__codelineno-21-158" href="#__codelineno-21-158"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-159" name="__codelineno-21-159" href="#__codelineno-21-159"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-160" name="__codelineno-21-160" href="#__codelineno-21-160"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-161" name="__codelineno-21-161" href="#__codelineno-21-161"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-162" name="__codelineno-21-162" href="#__codelineno-21-162"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-163" name="__codelineno-21-163" href="#__codelineno-21-163"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 双向链表节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                     </span><span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 后继节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 前驱节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newDoublyListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">new</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">new</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">new</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 析构函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delDoublyListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front ，尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">                  </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newLinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-37" name="__codelineno-22-37" href="#__codelineno-22-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-38" name="__codelineno-22-38" href="#__codelineno-22-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-39" name="__codelineno-22-39" href="#__codelineno-22-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-40" name="__codelineno-22-40" href="#__codelineno-22-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-41" name="__codelineno-22-41" href="#__codelineno-22-41"></a><span class="cm">/* 析构函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-42" name="__codelineno-22-42" href="#__codelineno-22-42"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delLinkedListdeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-43" name="__codelineno-22-43" href="#__codelineno-22-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-44" name="__codelineno-22-44" href="#__codelineno-22-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-45" name="__codelineno-22-45" href="#__codelineno-22-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-46" name="__codelineno-22-46" href="#__codelineno-22-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-47" name="__codelineno-22-47" href="#__codelineno-22-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-48" name="__codelineno-22-48" href="#__codelineno-22-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-49" name="__codelineno-22-49" href="#__codelineno-22-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放 deque 结构体</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-50" name="__codelineno-22-50" href="#__codelineno-22-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-51" name="__codelineno-22-51" href="#__codelineno-22-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-52" name="__codelineno-22-52" href="#__codelineno-22-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-53" name="__codelineno-22-53" href="#__codelineno-22-53"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-54" name="__codelineno-22-54" href="#__codelineno-22-54"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-55" name="__codelineno-22-55" href="#__codelineno-22-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-56" name="__codelineno-22-56" href="#__codelineno-22-56"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-57" name="__codelineno-22-57" href="#__codelineno-22-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-58" name="__codelineno-22-58" href="#__codelineno-22-58"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-59" name="__codelineno-22-59" href="#__codelineno-22-59"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-60" name="__codelineno-22-60" href="#__codelineno-22-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-61" name="__codelineno-22-61" href="#__codelineno-22-61"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-62" name="__codelineno-22-62" href="#__codelineno-22-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-63" name="__codelineno-22-63" href="#__codelineno-22-63"></a><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-64" name="__codelineno-22-64" href="#__codelineno-22-64"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-65" name="__codelineno-22-65" href="#__codelineno-22-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newDoublyListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-66" name="__codelineno-22-66" href="#__codelineno-22-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-67" name="__codelineno-22-67" href="#__codelineno-22-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-68" name="__codelineno-22-68" href="#__codelineno-22-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-69" name="__codelineno-22-69" href="#__codelineno-22-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-70" name="__codelineno-22-70" href="#__codelineno-22-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-71" name="__codelineno-22-71" href="#__codelineno-22-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-72" name="__codelineno-22-72" href="#__codelineno-22-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-73" name="__codelineno-22-73" href="#__codelineno-22-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-74" name="__codelineno-22-74" href="#__codelineno-22-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-75" name="__codelineno-22-75" href="#__codelineno-22-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-76" name="__codelineno-22-76" href="#__codelineno-22-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-77" name="__codelineno-22-77" href="#__codelineno-22-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 对尾入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-78" name="__codelineno-22-78" href="#__codelineno-22-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-79" name="__codelineno-22-79" href="#__codelineno-22-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-80" name="__codelineno-22-80" href="#__codelineno-22-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-81" name="__codelineno-22-81" href="#__codelineno-22-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-82" name="__codelineno-22-82" href="#__codelineno-22-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-83" name="__codelineno-22-83" href="#__codelineno-22-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-84" name="__codelineno-22-84" href="#__codelineno-22-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-85" name="__codelineno-22-85" href="#__codelineno-22-85"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-86" name="__codelineno-22-86" href="#__codelineno-22-86"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-87" name="__codelineno-22-87" href="#__codelineno-22-87"></a><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-88" name="__codelineno-22-88" href="#__codelineno-22-88"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-89" name="__codelineno-22-89" href="#__codelineno-22-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-90" name="__codelineno-22-90" href="#__codelineno-22-90"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-91" name="__codelineno-22-91" href="#__codelineno-22-91"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-92" name="__codelineno-22-92" href="#__codelineno-22-92"></a><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-93" name="__codelineno-22-93" href="#__codelineno-22-93"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-94" name="__codelineno-22-94" href="#__codelineno-22-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-95" name="__codelineno-22-95" href="#__codelineno-22-95"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-96" name="__codelineno-22-96" href="#__codelineno-22-96"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-97" name="__codelineno-22-97" href="#__codelineno-22-97"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-98" name="__codelineno-22-98" href="#__codelineno-22-98"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-99" name="__codelineno-22-99" href="#__codelineno-22-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-100" name="__codelineno-22-100" href="#__codelineno-22-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-101" name="__codelineno-22-101" href="#__codelineno-22-101"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-102" name="__codelineno-22-102" href="#__codelineno-22-102"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-103" name="__codelineno-22-103" href="#__codelineno-22-103"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-104" name="__codelineno-22-104" href="#__codelineno-22-104"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-105" name="__codelineno-22-105" href="#__codelineno-22-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-106" name="__codelineno-22-106" href="#__codelineno-22-106"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-107" name="__codelineno-22-107" href="#__codelineno-22-107"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-108" name="__codelineno-22-108" href="#__codelineno-22-108"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-109" name="__codelineno-22-109" href="#__codelineno-22-109"></a><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-110" name="__codelineno-22-110" href="#__codelineno-22-110"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-111" name="__codelineno-22-111" href="#__codelineno-22-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-112" name="__codelineno-22-112" href="#__codelineno-22-112"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-113" name="__codelineno-22-113" href="#__codelineno-22-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-114" name="__codelineno-22-114" href="#__codelineno-22-114"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-115" name="__codelineno-22-115" href="#__codelineno-22-115"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isFront</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-116" name="__codelineno-22-116" href="#__codelineno-22-116"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存头节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-117" name="__codelineno-22-117" href="#__codelineno-22-117"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-118" name="__codelineno-22-118" href="#__codelineno-22-118"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-119" name="__codelineno-22-119" href="#__codelineno-22-119"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-120" name="__codelineno-22-120" href="#__codelineno-22-120"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-121" name="__codelineno-22-121" href="#__codelineno-22-121"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">delDoublyListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-122" name="__codelineno-22-122" href="#__codelineno-22-122"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-123" name="__codelineno-22-123" href="#__codelineno-22-123"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-124" name="__codelineno-22-124" href="#__codelineno-22-124"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-125" name="__codelineno-22-125" href="#__codelineno-22-125"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队尾出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-126" name="__codelineno-22-126" href="#__codelineno-22-126"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-127" name="__codelineno-22-127" href="#__codelineno-22-127"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-128" name="__codelineno-22-128" href="#__codelineno-22-128"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-129" name="__codelineno-22-129" href="#__codelineno-22-129"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-130" name="__codelineno-22-130" href="#__codelineno-22-130"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-131" name="__codelineno-22-131" href="#__codelineno-22-131"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-132" name="__codelineno-22-132" href="#__codelineno-22-132"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">delDoublyListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-133" name="__codelineno-22-133" href="#__codelineno-22-133"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-134" name="__codelineno-22-134" href="#__codelineno-22-134"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-135" name="__codelineno-22-135" href="#__codelineno-22-135"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-136" name="__codelineno-22-136" href="#__codelineno-22-136"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-137" name="__codelineno-22-137" href="#__codelineno-22-137"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-138" name="__codelineno-22-138" href="#__codelineno-22-138"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-139" name="__codelineno-22-139" href="#__codelineno-22-139"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-140" name="__codelineno-22-140" href="#__codelineno-22-140"></a><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-141" name="__codelineno-22-141" href="#__codelineno-22-141"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-142" name="__codelineno-22-142" href="#__codelineno-22-142"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-143" name="__codelineno-22-143" href="#__codelineno-22-143"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-144" name="__codelineno-22-144" href="#__codelineno-22-144"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-145" name="__codelineno-22-145" href="#__codelineno-22-145"></a><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-146" name="__codelineno-22-146" href="#__codelineno-22-146"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-147" name="__codelineno-22-147" href="#__codelineno-22-147"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-148" name="__codelineno-22-148" href="#__codelineno-22-148"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-149" name="__codelineno-22-149" href="#__codelineno-22-149"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-150" name="__codelineno-22-150" href="#__codelineno-22-150"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-151" name="__codelineno-22-151" href="#__codelineno-22-151"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">printLinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-152" name="__codelineno-22-152" href="#__codelineno-22-152"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-153" name="__codelineno-22-153" href="#__codelineno-22-153"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 拷贝链表中的数据到数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-154" name="__codelineno-22-154" href="#__codelineno-22-154"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-155" name="__codelineno-22-155" href="#__codelineno-22-155"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-156" name="__codelineno-22-156" href="#__codelineno-22-156"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-157" name="__codelineno-22-157" href="#__codelineno-22-157"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-158" name="__codelineno-22-158" href="#__codelineno-22-158"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-159" name="__codelineno-22-159" href="#__codelineno-22-159"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-160" name="__codelineno-22-160" href="#__codelineno-22-160"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-161" name="__codelineno-22-161" href="#__codelineno-22-161"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">doublyListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 双向链表节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 后继节点指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 前驱节点指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// Initialize a list node with specific value</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="c1">// 基于双向链表实现的双向队列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                    </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                     </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                             </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-27" name="__codelineno-23-27" href="#__codelineno-23-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-28" name="__codelineno-23-28" href="#__codelineno-23-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 内存分配器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-29" name="__codelineno-23-29" href="#__codelineno-23-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-30" name="__codelineno-23-30" href="#__codelineno-23-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 构造函数（分配内存+初始化队列）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-31" name="__codelineno-23-31" href="#__codelineno-23-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-32" name="__codelineno-23-32" href="#__codelineno-23-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-33" name="__codelineno-23-33" href="#__codelineno-23-33"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-34" name="__codelineno-23-34" href="#__codelineno-23-34"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-35" name="__codelineno-23-35" href="#__codelineno-23-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-36" name="__codelineno-23-36" href="#__codelineno-23-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-37" name="__codelineno-23-37" href="#__codelineno-23-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-38" name="__codelineno-23-38" href="#__codelineno-23-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-39" name="__codelineno-23-39" href="#__codelineno-23-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-40" name="__codelineno-23-40" href="#__codelineno-23-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-41" name="__codelineno-23-41" href="#__codelineno-23-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 析构函数（释放内存）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-42" name="__codelineno-23-42" href="#__codelineno-23-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-43" name="__codelineno-23-43" href="#__codelineno-23-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-44" name="__codelineno-23-44" href="#__codelineno-23-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-45" name="__codelineno-23-45" href="#__codelineno-23-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-46" name="__codelineno-23-46" href="#__codelineno-23-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-47" name="__codelineno-23-47" href="#__codelineno-23-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取双向队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-48" name="__codelineno-23-48" href="#__codelineno-23-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-49" name="__codelineno-23-49" href="#__codelineno-23-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-50" name="__codelineno-23-50" href="#__codelineno-23-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-51" name="__codelineno-23-51" href="#__codelineno-23-51"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-52" name="__codelineno-23-52" href="#__codelineno-23-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断双向队列是否为空</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-53" name="__codelineno-23-53" href="#__codelineno-23-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-54" name="__codelineno-23-54" href="#__codelineno-23-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-55" name="__codelineno-23-55" href="#__codelineno-23-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-56" name="__codelineno-23-56" href="#__codelineno-23-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-57" name="__codelineno-23-57" href="#__codelineno-23-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-58" name="__codelineno-23-58" href="#__codelineno-23-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">is_front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-59" name="__codelineno-23-59" href="#__codelineno-23-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-60" name="__codelineno-23-60" href="#__codelineno-23-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-61" name="__codelineno-23-61" href="#__codelineno-23-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若链表为空，则令 front, rear 都指向 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-62" name="__codelineno-23-62" href="#__codelineno-23-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-63" name="__codelineno-23-63" href="#__codelineno-23-63"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-64" name="__codelineno-23-64" href="#__codelineno-23-64"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-65" name="__codelineno-23-65" href="#__codelineno-23-65"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 队首入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-66" name="__codelineno-23-66" href="#__codelineno-23-66"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">is_front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-67" name="__codelineno-23-67" href="#__codelineno-23-67"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-68" name="__codelineno-23-68" href="#__codelineno-23-68"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-69" name="__codelineno-23-69" href="#__codelineno-23-69"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-70" name="__codelineno-23-70" href="#__codelineno-23-70"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-71" name="__codelineno-23-71" href="#__codelineno-23-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 队尾入队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-72" name="__codelineno-23-72" href="#__codelineno-23-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-73" name="__codelineno-23-73" href="#__codelineno-23-73"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 将 node 添加至链表尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-74" name="__codelineno-23-74" href="#__codelineno-23-74"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-75" name="__codelineno-23-75" href="#__codelineno-23-75"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-76" name="__codelineno-23-76" href="#__codelineno-23-76"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-77" name="__codelineno-23-77" href="#__codelineno-23-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-78" name="__codelineno-23-78" href="#__codelineno-23-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-79" name="__codelineno-23-79" href="#__codelineno-23-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-80" name="__codelineno-23-80" href="#__codelineno-23-80"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-81" name="__codelineno-23-81" href="#__codelineno-23-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-82" name="__codelineno-23-82" href="#__codelineno-23-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-83" name="__codelineno-23-83" href="#__codelineno-23-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-84" name="__codelineno-23-84" href="#__codelineno-23-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-85" name="__codelineno-23-85" href="#__codelineno-23-85"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-86" name="__codelineno-23-86" href="#__codelineno-23-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-87" name="__codelineno-23-87" href="#__codelineno-23-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-88" name="__codelineno-23-88" href="#__codelineno-23-88"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-89" name="__codelineno-23-89" href="#__codelineno-23-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-90" name="__codelineno-23-90" href="#__codelineno-23-90"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-91" name="__codelineno-23-91" href="#__codelineno-23-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-92" name="__codelineno-23-92" href="#__codelineno-23-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">is_front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-93" name="__codelineno-23-93" href="#__codelineno-23-93"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-94" name="__codelineno-23-94" href="#__codelineno-23-94"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-95" name="__codelineno-23-95" href="#__codelineno-23-95"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 队首出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-96" name="__codelineno-23-96" href="#__codelineno-23-96"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">is_front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-97" name="__codelineno-23-97" href="#__codelineno-23-97"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 暂存头节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-98" name="__codelineno-23-98" href="#__codelineno-23-98"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-99" name="__codelineno-23-99" href="#__codelineno-23-99"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-100" name="__codelineno-23-100" href="#__codelineno-23-100"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-101" name="__codelineno-23-101" href="#__codelineno-23-101"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-102" name="__codelineno-23-102" href="#__codelineno-23-102"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-103" name="__codelineno-23-103" href="#__codelineno-23-103"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-104" name="__codelineno-23-104" href="#__codelineno-23-104"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fNext</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 更新头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-105" name="__codelineno-23-105" href="#__codelineno-23-105"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 队尾出队操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-106" name="__codelineno-23-106" href="#__codelineno-23-106"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-107" name="__codelineno-23-107" href="#__codelineno-23-107"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 暂存尾节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-108" name="__codelineno-23-108" href="#__codelineno-23-108"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 删除尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-109" name="__codelineno-23-109" href="#__codelineno-23-109"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-110" name="__codelineno-23-110" href="#__codelineno-23-110"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-111" name="__codelineno-23-111" href="#__codelineno-23-111"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-112" name="__codelineno-23-112" href="#__codelineno-23-112"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">prev</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-113" name="__codelineno-23-113" href="#__codelineno-23-113"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-114" name="__codelineno-23-114" href="#__codelineno-23-114"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rPrev</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="c1">// 更新尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-115" name="__codelineno-23-115" href="#__codelineno-23-115"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-116" name="__codelineno-23-116" href="#__codelineno-23-116"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 更新队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-117" name="__codelineno-23-117" href="#__codelineno-23-117"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-118" name="__codelineno-23-118" href="#__codelineno-23-118"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-119" name="__codelineno-23-119" href="#__codelineno-23-119"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-120" name="__codelineno-23-120" href="#__codelineno-23-120"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-121" name="__codelineno-23-121" href="#__codelineno-23-121"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-122" name="__codelineno-23-122" href="#__codelineno-23-122"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-123" name="__codelineno-23-123" href="#__codelineno-23-123"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-124" name="__codelineno-23-124" href="#__codelineno-23-124"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-125" name="__codelineno-23-125" href="#__codelineno-23-125"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队尾出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-126" name="__codelineno-23-126" href="#__codelineno-23-126"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-127" name="__codelineno-23-127" href="#__codelineno-23-127"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-128" name="__codelineno-23-128" href="#__codelineno-23-128"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-129" name="__codelineno-23-129" href="#__codelineno-23-129"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-130" name="__codelineno-23-130" href="#__codelineno-23-130"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-131" name="__codelineno-23-131" href="#__codelineno-23-131"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-132" name="__codelineno-23-132" href="#__codelineno-23-132"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-133" name="__codelineno-23-133" href="#__codelineno-23-133"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-134" name="__codelineno-23-134" href="#__codelineno-23-134"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-135" name="__codelineno-23-135" href="#__codelineno-23-135"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-136" name="__codelineno-23-136" href="#__codelineno-23-136"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问队尾元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-137" name="__codelineno-23-137" href="#__codelineno-23-137"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-138" name="__codelineno-23-138" href="#__codelineno-23-138"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-139" name="__codelineno-23-139" href="#__codelineno-23-139"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-140" name="__codelineno-23-140" href="#__codelineno-23-140"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-141" name="__codelineno-23-141" href="#__codelineno-23-141"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-142" name="__codelineno-23-142" href="#__codelineno-23-142"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 返回数组用于打印</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-143" name="__codelineno-23-143" href="#__codelineno-23-143"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-144" name="__codelineno-23-144" href="#__codelineno-23-144"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-145" name="__codelineno-23-145" href="#__codelineno-23-145"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-146" name="__codelineno-23-146" href="#__codelineno-23-146"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-147" name="__codelineno-23-147" href="#__codelineno-23-147"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-148" name="__codelineno-23-148" href="#__codelineno-23-148"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-149" name="__codelineno-23-149" href="#__codelineno-23-149"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-150" name="__codelineno-23-150" href="#__codelineno-23-150"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-151" name="__codelineno-23-151" href="#__codelineno-23-151"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-152" name="__codelineno-23-152" href="#__codelineno-23-152"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-153" name="__codelineno-23-153" href="#__codelineno-23-153"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-154" name="__codelineno-23-154" href="#__codelineno-23-154"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-155" name="__codelineno-23-155" href="#__codelineno-23-155"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_deque.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5376,1187 +3866,47 @@
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于环形数组实现的双向队列&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取双向队列的容量&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取双向队列的长度&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;判断双向队列是否为空&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-20" name="__codelineno-24-20" href="#__codelineno-24-20"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-21" name="__codelineno-24-21" href="#__codelineno-24-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-22" name="__codelineno-24-22" href="#__codelineno-24-22"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-23" name="__codelineno-24-23" href="#__codelineno-24-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;计算环形数组索引&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-24" name="__codelineno-24-24" href="#__codelineno-24-24"></a>        <span class="c1"># 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-25" name="__codelineno-24-25" href="#__codelineno-24-25"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-26" name="__codelineno-24-26" href="#__codelineno-24-26"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-27" name="__codelineno-24-27" href="#__codelineno-24-27"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-28" name="__codelineno-24-28" href="#__codelineno-24-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-29" name="__codelineno-24-29" href="#__codelineno-24-29"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-30" name="__codelineno-24-30" href="#__codelineno-24-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;队首入队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-31" name="__codelineno-24-31" href="#__codelineno-24-31"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-32" name="__codelineno-24-32" href="#__codelineno-24-32"></a>            <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-33" name="__codelineno-24-33" href="#__codelineno-24-33"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-34" name="__codelineno-24-34" href="#__codelineno-24-34"></a>        <span class="c1"># 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-35" name="__codelineno-24-35" href="#__codelineno-24-35"></a>        <span class="c1"># 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-36" name="__codelineno-24-36" href="#__codelineno-24-36"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-37" name="__codelineno-24-37" href="#__codelineno-24-37"></a>        <span class="c1"># 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-38" name="__codelineno-24-38" href="#__codelineno-24-38"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-39" name="__codelineno-24-39" href="#__codelineno-24-39"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-40" name="__codelineno-24-40" href="#__codelineno-24-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-41" name="__codelineno-24-41" href="#__codelineno-24-41"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-42" name="__codelineno-24-42" href="#__codelineno-24-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;队尾入队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-43" name="__codelineno-24-43" href="#__codelineno-24-43"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-44" name="__codelineno-24-44" href="#__codelineno-24-44"></a>            <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-45" name="__codelineno-24-45" href="#__codelineno-24-45"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-46" name="__codelineno-24-46" href="#__codelineno-24-46"></a>        <span class="c1"># 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-47" name="__codelineno-24-47" href="#__codelineno-24-47"></a>        <span class="n">rear</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-48" name="__codelineno-24-48" href="#__codelineno-24-48"></a>        <span class="c1"># 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-49" name="__codelineno-24-49" href="#__codelineno-24-49"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-50" name="__codelineno-24-50" href="#__codelineno-24-50"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-51" name="__codelineno-24-51" href="#__codelineno-24-51"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-52" name="__codelineno-24-52" href="#__codelineno-24-52"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-53" name="__codelineno-24-53" href="#__codelineno-24-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;队首出队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-54" name="__codelineno-24-54" href="#__codelineno-24-54"></a>        <span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">peek_first</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-55" name="__codelineno-24-55" href="#__codelineno-24-55"></a>        <span class="c1"># 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-56" name="__codelineno-24-56" href="#__codelineno-24-56"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-57" name="__codelineno-24-57" href="#__codelineno-24-57"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-58" name="__codelineno-24-58" href="#__codelineno-24-58"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-59" name="__codelineno-24-59" href="#__codelineno-24-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-60" name="__codelineno-24-60" href="#__codelineno-24-60"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-61" name="__codelineno-24-61" href="#__codelineno-24-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;队尾出队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-62" name="__codelineno-24-62" href="#__codelineno-24-62"></a>        <span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">peek_last</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-63" name="__codelineno-24-63" href="#__codelineno-24-63"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-64" name="__codelineno-24-64" href="#__codelineno-24-64"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-65" name="__codelineno-24-65" href="#__codelineno-24-65"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-66" name="__codelineno-24-66" href="#__codelineno-24-66"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-67" name="__codelineno-24-67" href="#__codelineno-24-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问队首元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-68" name="__codelineno-24-68" href="#__codelineno-24-68"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-69" name="__codelineno-24-69" href="#__codelineno-24-69"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-70" name="__codelineno-24-70" href="#__codelineno-24-70"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-71" name="__codelineno-24-71" href="#__codelineno-24-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-72" name="__codelineno-24-72" href="#__codelineno-24-72"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-73" name="__codelineno-24-73" href="#__codelineno-24-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问队尾元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-74" name="__codelineno-24-74" href="#__codelineno-24-74"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-75" name="__codelineno-24-75" href="#__codelineno-24-75"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-76" name="__codelineno-24-76" href="#__codelineno-24-76"></a>        <span class="c1"># 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-77" name="__codelineno-24-77" href="#__codelineno-24-77"></a>        <span class="n">last</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-78" name="__codelineno-24-78" href="#__codelineno-24-78"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-79" name="__codelineno-24-79" href="#__codelineno-24-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-80" name="__codelineno-24-80" href="#__codelineno-24-80"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-81" name="__codelineno-24-81" href="#__codelineno-24-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;返回数组用于打印&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-82" name="__codelineno-24-82" href="#__codelineno-24-82"></a>        <span class="c1"># 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-83" name="__codelineno-24-83" href="#__codelineno-24-83"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-84" name="__codelineno-24-84" href="#__codelineno-24-84"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-85" name="__codelineno-24-85" href="#__codelineno-24-85"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)])</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-86" name="__codelineno-24-86" href="#__codelineno-24-86"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储双向队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-40" name="__codelineno-25-40" href="#__codelineno-25-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-41" name="__codelineno-25-41" href="#__codelineno-25-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-42" name="__codelineno-25-42" href="#__codelineno-25-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-43" name="__codelineno-25-43" href="#__codelineno-25-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-44" name="__codelineno-25-44" href="#__codelineno-25-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-45" name="__codelineno-25-45" href="#__codelineno-25-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-46" name="__codelineno-25-46" href="#__codelineno-25-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-47" name="__codelineno-25-47" href="#__codelineno-25-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-48" name="__codelineno-25-48" href="#__codelineno-25-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-49" name="__codelineno-25-49" href="#__codelineno-25-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-50" name="__codelineno-25-50" href="#__codelineno-25-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-51" name="__codelineno-25-51" href="#__codelineno-25-51"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-52" name="__codelineno-25-52" href="#__codelineno-25-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-53" name="__codelineno-25-53" href="#__codelineno-25-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-54" name="__codelineno-25-54" href="#__codelineno-25-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-55" name="__codelineno-25-55" href="#__codelineno-25-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-56" name="__codelineno-25-56" href="#__codelineno-25-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-57" name="__codelineno-25-57" href="#__codelineno-25-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-58" name="__codelineno-25-58" href="#__codelineno-25-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-59" name="__codelineno-25-59" href="#__codelineno-25-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-60" name="__codelineno-25-60" href="#__codelineno-25-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-61" name="__codelineno-25-61" href="#__codelineno-25-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-62" name="__codelineno-25-62" href="#__codelineno-25-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-63" name="__codelineno-25-63" href="#__codelineno-25-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-64" name="__codelineno-25-64" href="#__codelineno-25-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-65" name="__codelineno-25-65" href="#__codelineno-25-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-66" name="__codelineno-25-66" href="#__codelineno-25-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-67" name="__codelineno-25-67" href="#__codelineno-25-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-68" name="__codelineno-25-68" href="#__codelineno-25-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-69" name="__codelineno-25-69" href="#__codelineno-25-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-70" name="__codelineno-25-70" href="#__codelineno-25-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-71" name="__codelineno-25-71" href="#__codelineno-25-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-72" name="__codelineno-25-72" href="#__codelineno-25-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-73" name="__codelineno-25-73" href="#__codelineno-25-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-74" name="__codelineno-25-74" href="#__codelineno-25-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-75" name="__codelineno-25-75" href="#__codelineno-25-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-76" name="__codelineno-25-76" href="#__codelineno-25-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-77" name="__codelineno-25-77" href="#__codelineno-25-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-78" name="__codelineno-25-78" href="#__codelineno-25-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-79" name="__codelineno-25-79" href="#__codelineno-25-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-80" name="__codelineno-25-80" href="#__codelineno-25-80"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-81" name="__codelineno-25-81" href="#__codelineno-25-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-82" name="__codelineno-25-82" href="#__codelineno-25-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-83" name="__codelineno-25-83" href="#__codelineno-25-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-84" name="__codelineno-25-84" href="#__codelineno-25-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-85" name="__codelineno-25-85" href="#__codelineno-25-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-86" name="__codelineno-25-86" href="#__codelineno-25-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-87" name="__codelineno-25-87" href="#__codelineno-25-87"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-88" name="__codelineno-25-88" href="#__codelineno-25-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-89" name="__codelineno-25-89" href="#__codelineno-25-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-90" name="__codelineno-25-90" href="#__codelineno-25-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-91" name="__codelineno-25-91" href="#__codelineno-25-91"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-92" name="__codelineno-25-92" href="#__codelineno-25-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-93" name="__codelineno-25-93" href="#__codelineno-25-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">last</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-94" name="__codelineno-25-94" href="#__codelineno-25-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-95" name="__codelineno-25-95" href="#__codelineno-25-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-96" name="__codelineno-25-96" href="#__codelineno-25-96"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-97" name="__codelineno-25-97" href="#__codelineno-25-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-98" name="__codelineno-25-98" href="#__codelineno-25-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-99" name="__codelineno-25-99" href="#__codelineno-25-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-100" name="__codelineno-25-100" href="#__codelineno-25-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-101" name="__codelineno-25-101" href="#__codelineno-25-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-102" name="__codelineno-25-102" href="#__codelineno-25-102"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-103" name="__codelineno-25-103" href="#__codelineno-25-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-104" name="__codelineno-25-104" href="#__codelineno-25-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-105" name="__codelineno-25-105" href="#__codelineno-25-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-106" name="__codelineno-25-106" href="#__codelineno-25-106"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储双向队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-23" name="__codelineno-26-23" href="#__codelineno-26-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-24" name="__codelineno-26-24" href="#__codelineno-26-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-25" name="__codelineno-26-25" href="#__codelineno-26-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-26" name="__codelineno-26-26" href="#__codelineno-26-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-27" name="__codelineno-26-27" href="#__codelineno-26-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-28" name="__codelineno-26-28" href="#__codelineno-26-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-29" name="__codelineno-26-29" href="#__codelineno-26-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-30" name="__codelineno-26-30" href="#__codelineno-26-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-31" name="__codelineno-26-31" href="#__codelineno-26-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-32" name="__codelineno-26-32" href="#__codelineno-26-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-33" name="__codelineno-26-33" href="#__codelineno-26-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-34" name="__codelineno-26-34" href="#__codelineno-26-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-35" name="__codelineno-26-35" href="#__codelineno-26-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-36" name="__codelineno-26-36" href="#__codelineno-26-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-37" name="__codelineno-26-37" href="#__codelineno-26-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-38" name="__codelineno-26-38" href="#__codelineno-26-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-39" name="__codelineno-26-39" href="#__codelineno-26-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-40" name="__codelineno-26-40" href="#__codelineno-26-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-41" name="__codelineno-26-41" href="#__codelineno-26-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-42" name="__codelineno-26-42" href="#__codelineno-26-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-43" name="__codelineno-26-43" href="#__codelineno-26-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-44" name="__codelineno-26-44" href="#__codelineno-26-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-45" name="__codelineno-26-45" href="#__codelineno-26-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-46" name="__codelineno-26-46" href="#__codelineno-26-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-47" name="__codelineno-26-47" href="#__codelineno-26-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-48" name="__codelineno-26-48" href="#__codelineno-26-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-49" name="__codelineno-26-49" href="#__codelineno-26-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-50" name="__codelineno-26-50" href="#__codelineno-26-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-51" name="__codelineno-26-51" href="#__codelineno-26-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-52" name="__codelineno-26-52" href="#__codelineno-26-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-53" name="__codelineno-26-53" href="#__codelineno-26-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-54" name="__codelineno-26-54" href="#__codelineno-26-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-55" name="__codelineno-26-55" href="#__codelineno-26-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-56" name="__codelineno-26-56" href="#__codelineno-26-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-57" name="__codelineno-26-57" href="#__codelineno-26-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-58" name="__codelineno-26-58" href="#__codelineno-26-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-59" name="__codelineno-26-59" href="#__codelineno-26-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-60" name="__codelineno-26-60" href="#__codelineno-26-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-61" name="__codelineno-26-61" href="#__codelineno-26-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-62" name="__codelineno-26-62" href="#__codelineno-26-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-63" name="__codelineno-26-63" href="#__codelineno-26-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-64" name="__codelineno-26-64" href="#__codelineno-26-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-65" name="__codelineno-26-65" href="#__codelineno-26-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-66" name="__codelineno-26-66" href="#__codelineno-26-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-67" name="__codelineno-26-67" href="#__codelineno-26-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-68" name="__codelineno-26-68" href="#__codelineno-26-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-69" name="__codelineno-26-69" href="#__codelineno-26-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-70" name="__codelineno-26-70" href="#__codelineno-26-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-71" name="__codelineno-26-71" href="#__codelineno-26-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-72" name="__codelineno-26-72" href="#__codelineno-26-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-73" name="__codelineno-26-73" href="#__codelineno-26-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-74" name="__codelineno-26-74" href="#__codelineno-26-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-75" name="__codelineno-26-75" href="#__codelineno-26-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-76" name="__codelineno-26-76" href="#__codelineno-26-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-77" name="__codelineno-26-77" href="#__codelineno-26-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-78" name="__codelineno-26-78" href="#__codelineno-26-78"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-79" name="__codelineno-26-79" href="#__codelineno-26-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-80" name="__codelineno-26-80" href="#__codelineno-26-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-81" name="__codelineno-26-81" href="#__codelineno-26-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-82" name="__codelineno-26-82" href="#__codelineno-26-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-83" name="__codelineno-26-83" href="#__codelineno-26-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-84" name="__codelineno-26-84" href="#__codelineno-26-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-85" name="__codelineno-26-85" href="#__codelineno-26-85"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-86" name="__codelineno-26-86" href="#__codelineno-26-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-87" name="__codelineno-26-87" href="#__codelineno-26-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-88" name="__codelineno-26-88" href="#__codelineno-26-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-89" name="__codelineno-26-89" href="#__codelineno-26-89"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-90" name="__codelineno-26-90" href="#__codelineno-26-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-91" name="__codelineno-26-91" href="#__codelineno-26-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">last</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-92" name="__codelineno-26-92" href="#__codelineno-26-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-93" name="__codelineno-26-93" href="#__codelineno-26-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-94" name="__codelineno-26-94" href="#__codelineno-26-94"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-95" name="__codelineno-26-95" href="#__codelineno-26-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-96" name="__codelineno-26-96" href="#__codelineno-26-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-97" name="__codelineno-26-97" href="#__codelineno-26-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-98" name="__codelineno-26-98" href="#__codelineno-26-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-99" name="__codelineno-26-99" href="#__codelineno-26-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-100" name="__codelineno-26-100" href="#__codelineno-26-100"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-101" name="__codelineno-26-101" href="#__codelineno-26-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-102" name="__codelineno-26-102" href="#__codelineno-26-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-103" name="__codelineno-26-103" href="#__codelineno-26-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-104" name="__codelineno-26-104" href="#__codelineno-26-104"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">readonly</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储双向队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-25" name="__codelineno-27-25" href="#__codelineno-27-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-26" name="__codelineno-27-26" href="#__codelineno-27-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-27" name="__codelineno-27-27" href="#__codelineno-27-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-28" name="__codelineno-27-28" href="#__codelineno-27-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-29" name="__codelineno-27-29" href="#__codelineno-27-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-30" name="__codelineno-27-30" href="#__codelineno-27-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-31" name="__codelineno-27-31" href="#__codelineno-27-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-32" name="__codelineno-27-32" href="#__codelineno-27-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-33" name="__codelineno-27-33" href="#__codelineno-27-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-34" name="__codelineno-27-34" href="#__codelineno-27-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-35" name="__codelineno-27-35" href="#__codelineno-27-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-36" name="__codelineno-27-36" href="#__codelineno-27-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-37" name="__codelineno-27-37" href="#__codelineno-27-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-38" name="__codelineno-27-38" href="#__codelineno-27-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-39" name="__codelineno-27-39" href="#__codelineno-27-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-40" name="__codelineno-27-40" href="#__codelineno-27-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-41" name="__codelineno-27-41" href="#__codelineno-27-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-42" name="__codelineno-27-42" href="#__codelineno-27-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-43" name="__codelineno-27-43" href="#__codelineno-27-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-44" name="__codelineno-27-44" href="#__codelineno-27-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-45" name="__codelineno-27-45" href="#__codelineno-27-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-46" name="__codelineno-27-46" href="#__codelineno-27-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-47" name="__codelineno-27-47" href="#__codelineno-27-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-48" name="__codelineno-27-48" href="#__codelineno-27-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-49" name="__codelineno-27-49" href="#__codelineno-27-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-50" name="__codelineno-27-50" href="#__codelineno-27-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-51" name="__codelineno-27-51" href="#__codelineno-27-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-52" name="__codelineno-27-52" href="#__codelineno-27-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-53" name="__codelineno-27-53" href="#__codelineno-27-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-54" name="__codelineno-27-54" href="#__codelineno-27-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-55" name="__codelineno-27-55" href="#__codelineno-27-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-56" name="__codelineno-27-56" href="#__codelineno-27-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-57" name="__codelineno-27-57" href="#__codelineno-27-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-58" name="__codelineno-27-58" href="#__codelineno-27-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-59" name="__codelineno-27-59" href="#__codelineno-27-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-60" name="__codelineno-27-60" href="#__codelineno-27-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-61" name="__codelineno-27-61" href="#__codelineno-27-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-62" name="__codelineno-27-62" href="#__codelineno-27-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-63" name="__codelineno-27-63" href="#__codelineno-27-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-64" name="__codelineno-27-64" href="#__codelineno-27-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-65" name="__codelineno-27-65" href="#__codelineno-27-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-66" name="__codelineno-27-66" href="#__codelineno-27-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-67" name="__codelineno-27-67" href="#__codelineno-27-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-68" name="__codelineno-27-68" href="#__codelineno-27-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-69" name="__codelineno-27-69" href="#__codelineno-27-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-70" name="__codelineno-27-70" href="#__codelineno-27-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-71" name="__codelineno-27-71" href="#__codelineno-27-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-72" name="__codelineno-27-72" href="#__codelineno-27-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-73" name="__codelineno-27-73" href="#__codelineno-27-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-74" name="__codelineno-27-74" href="#__codelineno-27-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-75" name="__codelineno-27-75" href="#__codelineno-27-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-76" name="__codelineno-27-76" href="#__codelineno-27-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-77" name="__codelineno-27-77" href="#__codelineno-27-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-78" name="__codelineno-27-78" href="#__codelineno-27-78"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-79" name="__codelineno-27-79" href="#__codelineno-27-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-80" name="__codelineno-27-80" href="#__codelineno-27-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-81" name="__codelineno-27-81" href="#__codelineno-27-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-82" name="__codelineno-27-82" href="#__codelineno-27-82"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">InvalidOperationException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-83" name="__codelineno-27-83" href="#__codelineno-27-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-84" name="__codelineno-27-84" href="#__codelineno-27-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-85" name="__codelineno-27-85" href="#__codelineno-27-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-86" name="__codelineno-27-86" href="#__codelineno-27-86"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-87" name="__codelineno-27-87" href="#__codelineno-27-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-88" name="__codelineno-27-88" href="#__codelineno-27-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-89" name="__codelineno-27-89" href="#__codelineno-27-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-90" name="__codelineno-27-90" href="#__codelineno-27-90"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">InvalidOperationException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-91" name="__codelineno-27-91" href="#__codelineno-27-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-92" name="__codelineno-27-92" href="#__codelineno-27-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-93" name="__codelineno-27-93" href="#__codelineno-27-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">last</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-94" name="__codelineno-27-94" href="#__codelineno-27-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-95" name="__codelineno-27-95" href="#__codelineno-27-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-96" name="__codelineno-27-96" href="#__codelineno-27-96"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-97" name="__codelineno-27-97" href="#__codelineno-27-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-98" name="__codelineno-27-98" href="#__codelineno-27-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-99" name="__codelineno-27-99" href="#__codelineno-27-99"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-100" name="__codelineno-27-100" href="#__codelineno-27-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-101" name="__codelineno-27-101" href="#__codelineno-27-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-102" name="__codelineno-27-102" href="#__codelineno-27-102"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-103" name="__codelineno-27-103" href="#__codelineno-27-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-104" name="__codelineno-27-104" href="#__codelineno-27-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-105" name="__codelineno-27-105" href="#__codelineno-27-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-106" name="__codelineno-27-106" href="#__codelineno-27-106"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储双向队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量（即最大容纳元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newArrayDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-35" name="__codelineno-28-35" href="#__codelineno-28-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-36" name="__codelineno-28-36" href="#__codelineno-28-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-37" name="__codelineno-28-37" href="#__codelineno-28-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-38" name="__codelineno-28-38" href="#__codelineno-28-38"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-39" name="__codelineno-28-39" href="#__codelineno-28-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-40" name="__codelineno-28-40" href="#__codelineno-28-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-41" name="__codelineno-28-41" href="#__codelineno-28-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-42" name="__codelineno-28-42" href="#__codelineno-28-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-43" name="__codelineno-28-43" href="#__codelineno-28-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-44" name="__codelineno-28-44" href="#__codelineno-28-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-45" name="__codelineno-28-45" href="#__codelineno-28-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-46" name="__codelineno-28-46" href="#__codelineno-28-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-47" name="__codelineno-28-47" href="#__codelineno-28-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-48" name="__codelineno-28-48" href="#__codelineno-28-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-49" name="__codelineno-28-49" href="#__codelineno-28-49"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-50" name="__codelineno-28-50" href="#__codelineno-28-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-51" name="__codelineno-28-51" href="#__codelineno-28-51"></a><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-52" name="__codelineno-28-52" href="#__codelineno-28-52"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-53" name="__codelineno-28-53" href="#__codelineno-28-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-54" name="__codelineno-28-54" href="#__codelineno-28-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-55" name="__codelineno-28-55" href="#__codelineno-28-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-56" name="__codelineno-28-56" href="#__codelineno-28-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-57" name="__codelineno-28-57" href="#__codelineno-28-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-58" name="__codelineno-28-58" href="#__codelineno-28-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-59" name="__codelineno-28-59" href="#__codelineno-28-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-60" name="__codelineno-28-60" href="#__codelineno-28-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-61" name="__codelineno-28-61" href="#__codelineno-28-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-62" name="__codelineno-28-62" href="#__codelineno-28-62"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-63" name="__codelineno-28-63" href="#__codelineno-28-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-64" name="__codelineno-28-64" href="#__codelineno-28-64"></a><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-65" name="__codelineno-28-65" href="#__codelineno-28-65"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-66" name="__codelineno-28-66" href="#__codelineno-28-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-67" name="__codelineno-28-67" href="#__codelineno-28-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-68" name="__codelineno-28-68" href="#__codelineno-28-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-69" name="__codelineno-28-69" href="#__codelineno-28-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-70" name="__codelineno-28-70" href="#__codelineno-28-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-71" name="__codelineno-28-71" href="#__codelineno-28-71"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-72" name="__codelineno-28-72" href="#__codelineno-28-72"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-73" name="__codelineno-28-73" href="#__codelineno-28-73"></a><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-74" name="__codelineno-28-74" href="#__codelineno-28-74"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-75" name="__codelineno-28-75" href="#__codelineno-28-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-76" name="__codelineno-28-76" href="#__codelineno-28-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-77" name="__codelineno-28-77" href="#__codelineno-28-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-78" name="__codelineno-28-78" href="#__codelineno-28-78"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-79" name="__codelineno-28-79" href="#__codelineno-28-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-80" name="__codelineno-28-80" href="#__codelineno-28-80"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-81" name="__codelineno-28-81" href="#__codelineno-28-81"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-82" name="__codelineno-28-82" href="#__codelineno-28-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-83" name="__codelineno-28-83" href="#__codelineno-28-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-84" name="__codelineno-28-84" href="#__codelineno-28-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-85" name="__codelineno-28-85" href="#__codelineno-28-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-86" name="__codelineno-28-86" href="#__codelineno-28-86"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-87" name="__codelineno-28-87" href="#__codelineno-28-87"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-88" name="__codelineno-28-88" href="#__codelineno-28-88"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-89" name="__codelineno-28-89" href="#__codelineno-28-89"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-90" name="__codelineno-28-90" href="#__codelineno-28-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-91" name="__codelineno-28-91" href="#__codelineno-28-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-92" name="__codelineno-28-92" href="#__codelineno-28-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-93" name="__codelineno-28-93" href="#__codelineno-28-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-94" name="__codelineno-28-94" href="#__codelineno-28-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">last</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-95" name="__codelineno-28-95" href="#__codelineno-28-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">last</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-96" name="__codelineno-28-96" href="#__codelineno-28-96"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-97" name="__codelineno-28-97" href="#__codelineno-28-97"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-98" name="__codelineno-28-98" href="#__codelineno-28-98"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 Slice 用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-99" name="__codelineno-28-99" href="#__codelineno-28-99"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toSlice</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-100" name="__codelineno-28-100" href="#__codelineno-28-100"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-101" name="__codelineno-28-101" href="#__codelineno-28-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-102" name="__codelineno-28-102" href="#__codelineno-28-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-103" name="__codelineno-28-103" href="#__codelineno-28-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-104" name="__codelineno-28-104" href="#__codelineno-28-104"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-105" name="__codelineno-28-105" href="#__codelineno-28-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-106" name="__codelineno-28-106" href="#__codelineno-28-106"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-107" name="__codelineno-28-107" href="#__codelineno-28-107"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayDeque</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">// 用于存储双向队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">queSize</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 双向队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>        <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-24" name="__codelineno-29-24" href="#__codelineno-29-24"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-25" name="__codelineno-29-25" href="#__codelineno-29-25"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-26" name="__codelineno-29-26" href="#__codelineno-29-26"></a>        <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-27" name="__codelineno-29-27" href="#__codelineno-29-27"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-28" name="__codelineno-29-28" href="#__codelineno-29-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-29" name="__codelineno-29-29" href="#__codelineno-29-29"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-30" name="__codelineno-29-30" href="#__codelineno-29-30"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-31" name="__codelineno-29-31" href="#__codelineno-29-31"></a>        <span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-32" name="__codelineno-29-32" href="#__codelineno-29-32"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-33" name="__codelineno-29-33" href="#__codelineno-29-33"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-34" name="__codelineno-29-34" href="#__codelineno-29-34"></a>        <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-35" name="__codelineno-29-35" href="#__codelineno-29-35"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-36" name="__codelineno-29-36" href="#__codelineno-29-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-37" name="__codelineno-29-37" href="#__codelineno-29-37"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-38" name="__codelineno-29-38" href="#__codelineno-29-38"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-39" name="__codelineno-29-39" href="#__codelineno-29-39"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-40" name="__codelineno-29-40" href="#__codelineno-29-40"></a>            <span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-41" name="__codelineno-29-41" href="#__codelineno-29-41"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-42" name="__codelineno-29-42" href="#__codelineno-29-42"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-43" name="__codelineno-29-43" href="#__codelineno-29-43"></a>        <span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-44" name="__codelineno-29-44" href="#__codelineno-29-44"></a>        <span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-45" name="__codelineno-29-45" href="#__codelineno-29-45"></a>        <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-46" name="__codelineno-29-46" href="#__codelineno-29-46"></a>        <span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-47" name="__codelineno-29-47" href="#__codelineno-29-47"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-48" name="__codelineno-29-48" href="#__codelineno-29-48"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-49" name="__codelineno-29-49" href="#__codelineno-29-49"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-50" name="__codelineno-29-50" href="#__codelineno-29-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-51" name="__codelineno-29-51" href="#__codelineno-29-51"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-52" name="__codelineno-29-52" href="#__codelineno-29-52"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-53" name="__codelineno-29-53" href="#__codelineno-29-53"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-54" name="__codelineno-29-54" href="#__codelineno-29-54"></a>            <span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-55" name="__codelineno-29-55" href="#__codelineno-29-55"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-56" name="__codelineno-29-56" href="#__codelineno-29-56"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-57" name="__codelineno-29-57" href="#__codelineno-29-57"></a>        <span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-58" name="__codelineno-29-58" href="#__codelineno-29-58"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-59" name="__codelineno-29-59" href="#__codelineno-29-59"></a>        <span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-60" name="__codelineno-29-60" href="#__codelineno-29-60"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-61" name="__codelineno-29-61" href="#__codelineno-29-61"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-62" name="__codelineno-29-62" href="#__codelineno-29-62"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-63" name="__codelineno-29-63" href="#__codelineno-29-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-64" name="__codelineno-29-64" href="#__codelineno-29-64"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-65" name="__codelineno-29-65" href="#__codelineno-29-65"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-66" name="__codelineno-29-66" href="#__codelineno-29-66"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-67" name="__codelineno-29-67" href="#__codelineno-29-67"></a>        <span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-68" name="__codelineno-29-68" href="#__codelineno-29-68"></a>        <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-69" name="__codelineno-29-69" href="#__codelineno-29-69"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-70" name="__codelineno-29-70" href="#__codelineno-29-70"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-71" name="__codelineno-29-71" href="#__codelineno-29-71"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-72" name="__codelineno-29-72" href="#__codelineno-29-72"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-73" name="__codelineno-29-73" href="#__codelineno-29-73"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-74" name="__codelineno-29-74" href="#__codelineno-29-74"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-75" name="__codelineno-29-75" href="#__codelineno-29-75"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-76" name="__codelineno-29-76" href="#__codelineno-29-76"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-77" name="__codelineno-29-77" href="#__codelineno-29-77"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-78" name="__codelineno-29-78" href="#__codelineno-29-78"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-79" name="__codelineno-29-79" href="#__codelineno-29-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-80" name="__codelineno-29-80" href="#__codelineno-29-80"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-81" name="__codelineno-29-81" href="#__codelineno-29-81"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-82" name="__codelineno-29-82" href="#__codelineno-29-82"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-83" name="__codelineno-29-83" href="#__codelineno-29-83"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-84" name="__codelineno-29-84" href="#__codelineno-29-84"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-85" name="__codelineno-29-85" href="#__codelineno-29-85"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-86" name="__codelineno-29-86" href="#__codelineno-29-86"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-87" name="__codelineno-29-87" href="#__codelineno-29-87"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-88" name="__codelineno-29-88" href="#__codelineno-29-88"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-89" name="__codelineno-29-89" href="#__codelineno-29-89"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-90" name="__codelineno-29-90" href="#__codelineno-29-90"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-91" name="__codelineno-29-91" href="#__codelineno-29-91"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-92" name="__codelineno-29-92" href="#__codelineno-29-92"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-93" name="__codelineno-29-93" href="#__codelineno-29-93"></a>        <span class="c1">// 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-94" name="__codelineno-29-94" href="#__codelineno-29-94"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">last</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-95" name="__codelineno-29-95" href="#__codelineno-29-95"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">last</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-96" name="__codelineno-29-96" href="#__codelineno-29-96"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-97" name="__codelineno-29-97" href="#__codelineno-29-97"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-98" name="__codelineno-29-98" href="#__codelineno-29-98"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-99" name="__codelineno-29-99" href="#__codelineno-29-99"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-100" name="__codelineno-29-100" href="#__codelineno-29-100"></a>        <span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-101" name="__codelineno-29-101" href="#__codelineno-29-101"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-102" name="__codelineno-29-102" href="#__codelineno-29-102"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="kc">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-103" name="__codelineno-29-103" href="#__codelineno-29-103"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-104" name="__codelineno-29-104" href="#__codelineno-29-104"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-105" name="__codelineno-29-105" href="#__codelineno-29-105"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-106" name="__codelineno-29-106" href="#__codelineno-29-106"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-107" name="__codelineno-29-107" href="#__codelineno-29-107"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储双向队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-27" name="__codelineno-30-27" href="#__codelineno-30-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-28" name="__codelineno-30-28" href="#__codelineno-30-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-29" name="__codelineno-30-29" href="#__codelineno-30-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-30" name="__codelineno-30-30" href="#__codelineno-30-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-31" name="__codelineno-30-31" href="#__codelineno-30-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-32" name="__codelineno-30-32" href="#__codelineno-30-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-33" name="__codelineno-30-33" href="#__codelineno-30-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-34" name="__codelineno-30-34" href="#__codelineno-30-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-35" name="__codelineno-30-35" href="#__codelineno-30-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-36" name="__codelineno-30-36" href="#__codelineno-30-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-37" name="__codelineno-30-37" href="#__codelineno-30-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-38" name="__codelineno-30-38" href="#__codelineno-30-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-39" name="__codelineno-30-39" href="#__codelineno-30-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-40" name="__codelineno-30-40" href="#__codelineno-30-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;双向队列已满&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-41" name="__codelineno-30-41" href="#__codelineno-30-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-42" name="__codelineno-30-42" href="#__codelineno-30-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-43" name="__codelineno-30-43" href="#__codelineno-30-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-44" name="__codelineno-30-44" href="#__codelineno-30-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-45" name="__codelineno-30-45" href="#__codelineno-30-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-46" name="__codelineno-30-46" href="#__codelineno-30-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-47" name="__codelineno-30-47" href="#__codelineno-30-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-48" name="__codelineno-30-48" href="#__codelineno-30-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-49" name="__codelineno-30-49" href="#__codelineno-30-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-50" name="__codelineno-30-50" href="#__codelineno-30-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-51" name="__codelineno-30-51" href="#__codelineno-30-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-52" name="__codelineno-30-52" href="#__codelineno-30-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-53" name="__codelineno-30-53" href="#__codelineno-30-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-54" name="__codelineno-30-54" href="#__codelineno-30-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;双向队列已满&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-55" name="__codelineno-30-55" href="#__codelineno-30-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-56" name="__codelineno-30-56" href="#__codelineno-30-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-57" name="__codelineno-30-57" href="#__codelineno-30-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-58" name="__codelineno-30-58" href="#__codelineno-30-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-59" name="__codelineno-30-59" href="#__codelineno-30-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-60" name="__codelineno-30-60" href="#__codelineno-30-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-61" name="__codelineno-30-61" href="#__codelineno-30-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-62" name="__codelineno-30-62" href="#__codelineno-30-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-63" name="__codelineno-30-63" href="#__codelineno-30-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-64" name="__codelineno-30-64" href="#__codelineno-30-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-65" name="__codelineno-30-65" href="#__codelineno-30-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-66" name="__codelineno-30-66" href="#__codelineno-30-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peekFirst</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-67" name="__codelineno-30-67" href="#__codelineno-30-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-68" name="__codelineno-30-68" href="#__codelineno-30-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-69" name="__codelineno-30-69" href="#__codelineno-30-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-70" name="__codelineno-30-70" href="#__codelineno-30-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-71" name="__codelineno-30-71" href="#__codelineno-30-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-72" name="__codelineno-30-72" href="#__codelineno-30-72"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-73" name="__codelineno-30-73" href="#__codelineno-30-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-74" name="__codelineno-30-74" href="#__codelineno-30-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-75" name="__codelineno-30-75" href="#__codelineno-30-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peekLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-76" name="__codelineno-30-76" href="#__codelineno-30-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-77" name="__codelineno-30-77" href="#__codelineno-30-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-78" name="__codelineno-30-78" href="#__codelineno-30-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-79" name="__codelineno-30-79" href="#__codelineno-30-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-80" name="__codelineno-30-80" href="#__codelineno-30-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-81" name="__codelineno-30-81" href="#__codelineno-30-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-82" name="__codelineno-30-82" href="#__codelineno-30-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;The Deque Is Empty.&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-83" name="__codelineno-30-83" href="#__codelineno-30-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-84" name="__codelineno-30-84" href="#__codelineno-30-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-85" name="__codelineno-30-85" href="#__codelineno-30-85"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-86" name="__codelineno-30-86" href="#__codelineno-30-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-87" name="__codelineno-30-87" href="#__codelineno-30-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-88" name="__codelineno-30-88" href="#__codelineno-30-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;The Deque Is Empty.&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-89" name="__codelineno-30-89" href="#__codelineno-30-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-90" name="__codelineno-30-90" href="#__codelineno-30-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">last</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-91" name="__codelineno-30-91" href="#__codelineno-30-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">last</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-92" name="__codelineno-30-92" href="#__codelineno-30-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-93" name="__codelineno-30-93" href="#__codelineno-30-93"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-94" name="__codelineno-30-94" href="#__codelineno-30-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-95" name="__codelineno-30-95" href="#__codelineno-30-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-96" name="__codelineno-30-96" href="#__codelineno-30-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-97" name="__codelineno-30-97" href="#__codelineno-30-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-98" name="__codelineno-30-98" href="#__codelineno-30-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-99" name="__codelineno-30-99" href="#__codelineno-30-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-100" name="__codelineno-30-100" href="#__codelineno-30-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-101" name="__codelineno-30-101" href="#__codelineno-30-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-102" name="__codelineno-30-102" href="#__codelineno-30-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-103" name="__codelineno-30-103" href="#__codelineno-30-103"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储双向队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-27" name="__codelineno-31-27" href="#__codelineno-31-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-28" name="__codelineno-31-28" href="#__codelineno-31-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-29" name="__codelineno-31-29" href="#__codelineno-31-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-30" name="__codelineno-31-30" href="#__codelineno-31-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-31" name="__codelineno-31-31" href="#__codelineno-31-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-32" name="__codelineno-31-32" href="#__codelineno-31-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-33" name="__codelineno-31-33" href="#__codelineno-31-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-34" name="__codelineno-31-34" href="#__codelineno-31-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-35" name="__codelineno-31-35" href="#__codelineno-31-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-36" name="__codelineno-31-36" href="#__codelineno-31-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-37" name="__codelineno-31-37" href="#__codelineno-31-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-38" name="__codelineno-31-38" href="#__codelineno-31-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-39" name="__codelineno-31-39" href="#__codelineno-31-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-40" name="__codelineno-31-40" href="#__codelineno-31-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;双向队列已满&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-41" name="__codelineno-31-41" href="#__codelineno-31-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-42" name="__codelineno-31-42" href="#__codelineno-31-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-43" name="__codelineno-31-43" href="#__codelineno-31-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-44" name="__codelineno-31-44" href="#__codelineno-31-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-45" name="__codelineno-31-45" href="#__codelineno-31-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-46" name="__codelineno-31-46" href="#__codelineno-31-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-47" name="__codelineno-31-47" href="#__codelineno-31-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-48" name="__codelineno-31-48" href="#__codelineno-31-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-49" name="__codelineno-31-49" href="#__codelineno-31-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-50" name="__codelineno-31-50" href="#__codelineno-31-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-51" name="__codelineno-31-51" href="#__codelineno-31-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-52" name="__codelineno-31-52" href="#__codelineno-31-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-53" name="__codelineno-31-53" href="#__codelineno-31-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-54" name="__codelineno-31-54" href="#__codelineno-31-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;双向队列已满&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-55" name="__codelineno-31-55" href="#__codelineno-31-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-56" name="__codelineno-31-56" href="#__codelineno-31-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-57" name="__codelineno-31-57" href="#__codelineno-31-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-58" name="__codelineno-31-58" href="#__codelineno-31-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-59" name="__codelineno-31-59" href="#__codelineno-31-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-60" name="__codelineno-31-60" href="#__codelineno-31-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-61" name="__codelineno-31-61" href="#__codelineno-31-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-62" name="__codelineno-31-62" href="#__codelineno-31-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-63" name="__codelineno-31-63" href="#__codelineno-31-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-64" name="__codelineno-31-64" href="#__codelineno-31-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-65" name="__codelineno-31-65" href="#__codelineno-31-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-66" name="__codelineno-31-66" href="#__codelineno-31-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peekFirst</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-67" name="__codelineno-31-67" href="#__codelineno-31-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-68" name="__codelineno-31-68" href="#__codelineno-31-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-69" name="__codelineno-31-69" href="#__codelineno-31-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-70" name="__codelineno-31-70" href="#__codelineno-31-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-71" name="__codelineno-31-71" href="#__codelineno-31-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-72" name="__codelineno-31-72" href="#__codelineno-31-72"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-73" name="__codelineno-31-73" href="#__codelineno-31-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-74" name="__codelineno-31-74" href="#__codelineno-31-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-75" name="__codelineno-31-75" href="#__codelineno-31-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peekLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-76" name="__codelineno-31-76" href="#__codelineno-31-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-77" name="__codelineno-31-77" href="#__codelineno-31-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-78" name="__codelineno-31-78" href="#__codelineno-31-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-79" name="__codelineno-31-79" href="#__codelineno-31-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-80" name="__codelineno-31-80" href="#__codelineno-31-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-81" name="__codelineno-31-81" href="#__codelineno-31-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-82" name="__codelineno-31-82" href="#__codelineno-31-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;The Deque Is Empty.&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-83" name="__codelineno-31-83" href="#__codelineno-31-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-84" name="__codelineno-31-84" href="#__codelineno-31-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-85" name="__codelineno-31-85" href="#__codelineno-31-85"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-86" name="__codelineno-31-86" href="#__codelineno-31-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-87" name="__codelineno-31-87" href="#__codelineno-31-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-88" name="__codelineno-31-88" href="#__codelineno-31-88"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;The Deque Is Empty.&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-89" name="__codelineno-31-89" href="#__codelineno-31-89"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-90" name="__codelineno-31-90" href="#__codelineno-31-90"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">last</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-91" name="__codelineno-31-91" href="#__codelineno-31-91"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">last</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-92" name="__codelineno-31-92" href="#__codelineno-31-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-93" name="__codelineno-31-93" href="#__codelineno-31-93"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-94" name="__codelineno-31-94" href="#__codelineno-31-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-95" name="__codelineno-31-95" href="#__codelineno-31-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-96" name="__codelineno-31-96" href="#__codelineno-31-96"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-97" name="__codelineno-31-97" href="#__codelineno-31-97"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-98" name="__codelineno-31-98" href="#__codelineno-31-98"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-99" name="__codelineno-31-99" href="#__codelineno-31-99"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">)];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-100" name="__codelineno-31-100" href="#__codelineno-31-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-101" name="__codelineno-31-101" href="#__codelineno-31-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-102" name="__codelineno-31-102" href="#__codelineno-31-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-103" name="__codelineno-31-103" href="#__codelineno-31-103"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储双向队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-25" name="__codelineno-32-25" href="#__codelineno-32-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-26" name="__codelineno-32-26" href="#__codelineno-32-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-27" name="__codelineno-32-27" href="#__codelineno-32-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-28" name="__codelineno-32-28" href="#__codelineno-32-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-29" name="__codelineno-32-29" href="#__codelineno-32-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-30" name="__codelineno-32-30" href="#__codelineno-32-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-31" name="__codelineno-32-31" href="#__codelineno-32-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-32" name="__codelineno-32-32" href="#__codelineno-32-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-33" name="__codelineno-32-33" href="#__codelineno-32-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-34" name="__codelineno-32-34" href="#__codelineno-32-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-35" name="__codelineno-32-35" href="#__codelineno-32-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-36" name="__codelineno-32-36" href="#__codelineno-32-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-37" name="__codelineno-32-37" href="#__codelineno-32-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-38" name="__codelineno-32-38" href="#__codelineno-32-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-39" name="__codelineno-32-39" href="#__codelineno-32-39"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-40" name="__codelineno-32-40" href="#__codelineno-32-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-41" name="__codelineno-32-41" href="#__codelineno-32-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-42" name="__codelineno-32-42" href="#__codelineno-32-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 _front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-43" name="__codelineno-32-43" href="#__codelineno-32-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-44" name="__codelineno-32-44" href="#__codelineno-32-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-45" name="__codelineno-32-45" href="#__codelineno-32-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-46" name="__codelineno-32-46" href="#__codelineno-32-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-47" name="__codelineno-32-47" href="#__codelineno-32-47"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-48" name="__codelineno-32-48" href="#__codelineno-32-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-49" name="__codelineno-32-49" href="#__codelineno-32-49"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-50" name="__codelineno-32-50" href="#__codelineno-32-50"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-51" name="__codelineno-32-51" href="#__codelineno-32-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-52" name="__codelineno-32-52" href="#__codelineno-32-52"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-53" name="__codelineno-32-53" href="#__codelineno-32-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-54" name="__codelineno-32-54" href="#__codelineno-32-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-55" name="__codelineno-32-55" href="#__codelineno-32-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-56" name="__codelineno-32-56" href="#__codelineno-32-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-57" name="__codelineno-32-57" href="#__codelineno-32-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-58" name="__codelineno-32-58" href="#__codelineno-32-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-59" name="__codelineno-32-59" href="#__codelineno-32-59"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-60" name="__codelineno-32-60" href="#__codelineno-32-60"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-61" name="__codelineno-32-61" href="#__codelineno-32-61"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-62" name="__codelineno-32-62" href="#__codelineno-32-62"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-63" name="__codelineno-32-63" href="#__codelineno-32-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-64" name="__codelineno-32-64" href="#__codelineno-32-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向右移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-65" name="__codelineno-32-65" href="#__codelineno-32-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-66" name="__codelineno-32-66" href="#__codelineno-32-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-67" name="__codelineno-32-67" href="#__codelineno-32-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-68" name="__codelineno-32-68" href="#__codelineno-32-68"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-69" name="__codelineno-32-69" href="#__codelineno-32-69"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-70" name="__codelineno-32-70" href="#__codelineno-32-70"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-71" name="__codelineno-32-71" href="#__codelineno-32-71"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">popLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-72" name="__codelineno-32-72" href="#__codelineno-32-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-73" name="__codelineno-32-73" href="#__codelineno-32-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-74" name="__codelineno-32-74" href="#__codelineno-32-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-75" name="__codelineno-32-75" href="#__codelineno-32-75"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-76" name="__codelineno-32-76" href="#__codelineno-32-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-77" name="__codelineno-32-77" href="#__codelineno-32-77"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-78" name="__codelineno-32-78" href="#__codelineno-32-78"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-79" name="__codelineno-32-79" href="#__codelineno-32-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-80" name="__codelineno-32-80" href="#__codelineno-32-80"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-81" name="__codelineno-32-81" href="#__codelineno-32-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-82" name="__codelineno-32-82" href="#__codelineno-32-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-83" name="__codelineno-32-83" href="#__codelineno-32-83"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-84" name="__codelineno-32-84" href="#__codelineno-32-84"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-85" name="__codelineno-32-85" href="#__codelineno-32-85"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-86" name="__codelineno-32-86" href="#__codelineno-32-86"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-87" name="__codelineno-32-87" href="#__codelineno-32-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-88" name="__codelineno-32-88" href="#__codelineno-32-88"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-89" name="__codelineno-32-89" href="#__codelineno-32-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-90" name="__codelineno-32-90" href="#__codelineno-32-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-91" name="__codelineno-32-91" href="#__codelineno-32-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">last</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-92" name="__codelineno-32-92" href="#__codelineno-32-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-93" name="__codelineno-32-93" href="#__codelineno-32-93"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-94" name="__codelineno-32-94" href="#__codelineno-32-94"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-95" name="__codelineno-32-95" href="#__codelineno-32-95"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-96" name="__codelineno-32-96" href="#__codelineno-32-96"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-97" name="__codelineno-32-97" href="#__codelineno-32-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-98" name="__codelineno-32-98" href="#__codelineno-32-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-99" name="__codelineno-32-99" href="#__codelineno-32-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-100" name="__codelineno-32-100" href="#__codelineno-32-100"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-101" name="__codelineno-32-101" href="#__codelineno-32-101"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-102" name="__codelineno-32-102" href="#__codelineno-32-102"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-103" name="__codelineno-32-103" href="#__codelineno-32-103"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-104" name="__codelineno-32-104" href="#__codelineno-32-104"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">ArrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储双向队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">front</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que_size</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 双向队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="nc">vec</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que_size</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-20" name="__codelineno-33-20" href="#__codelineno-33-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-21" name="__codelineno-33-21" href="#__codelineno-33-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-22" name="__codelineno-33-22" href="#__codelineno-33-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-23" name="__codelineno-33-23" href="#__codelineno-33-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-24" name="__codelineno-33-24" href="#__codelineno-33-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-25" name="__codelineno-33-25" href="#__codelineno-33-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-26" name="__codelineno-33-26" href="#__codelineno-33-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-27" name="__codelineno-33-27" href="#__codelineno-33-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-28" name="__codelineno-33-28" href="#__codelineno-33-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-29" name="__codelineno-33-29" href="#__codelineno-33-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-30" name="__codelineno-33-30" href="#__codelineno-33-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-31" name="__codelineno-33-31" href="#__codelineno-33-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-32" name="__codelineno-33-32" href="#__codelineno-33-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-33" name="__codelineno-33-33" href="#__codelineno-33-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-34" name="__codelineno-33-34" href="#__codelineno-33-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-35" name="__codelineno-33-35" href="#__codelineno-33-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-36" name="__codelineno-33-36" href="#__codelineno-33-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部后，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-37" name="__codelineno-33-37" href="#__codelineno-33-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-38" name="__codelineno-33-38" href="#__codelineno-33-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-39" name="__codelineno-33-39" href="#__codelineno-33-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-40" name="__codelineno-33-40" href="#__codelineno-33-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-41" name="__codelineno-33-41" href="#__codelineno-33-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-42" name="__codelineno-33-42" href="#__codelineno-33-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-43" name="__codelineno-33-43" href="#__codelineno-33-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-44" name="__codelineno-33-44" href="#__codelineno-33-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-45" name="__codelineno-33-45" href="#__codelineno-33-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-46" name="__codelineno-33-46" href="#__codelineno-33-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-47" name="__codelineno-33-47" href="#__codelineno-33-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-48" name="__codelineno-33-48" href="#__codelineno-33-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-49" name="__codelineno-33-49" href="#__codelineno-33-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-50" name="__codelineno-33-50" href="#__codelineno-33-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-51" name="__codelineno-33-51" href="#__codelineno-33-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-52" name="__codelineno-33-52" href="#__codelineno-33-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-53" name="__codelineno-33-53" href="#__codelineno-33-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-54" name="__codelineno-33-54" href="#__codelineno-33-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-55" name="__codelineno-33-55" href="#__codelineno-33-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-56" name="__codelineno-33-56" href="#__codelineno-33-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-57" name="__codelineno-33-57" href="#__codelineno-33-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-58" name="__codelineno-33-58" href="#__codelineno-33-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-59" name="__codelineno-33-59" href="#__codelineno-33-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-60" name="__codelineno-33-60" href="#__codelineno-33-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-61" name="__codelineno-33-61" href="#__codelineno-33-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-62" name="__codelineno-33-62" href="#__codelineno-33-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-63" name="__codelineno-33-63" href="#__codelineno-33-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-64" name="__codelineno-33-64" href="#__codelineno-33-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-65" name="__codelineno-33-65" href="#__codelineno-33-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-66" name="__codelineno-33-66" href="#__codelineno-33-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-67" name="__codelineno-33-67" href="#__codelineno-33-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-68" name="__codelineno-33-68" href="#__codelineno-33-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-69" name="__codelineno-33-69" href="#__codelineno-33-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-70" name="__codelineno-33-70" href="#__codelineno-33-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek_first</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-71" name="__codelineno-33-71" href="#__codelineno-33-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-72" name="__codelineno-33-72" href="#__codelineno-33-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-73" name="__codelineno-33-73" href="#__codelineno-33-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-74" name="__codelineno-33-74" href="#__codelineno-33-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-75" name="__codelineno-33-75" href="#__codelineno-33-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-76" name="__codelineno-33-76" href="#__codelineno-33-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-77" name="__codelineno-33-77" href="#__codelineno-33-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-78" name="__codelineno-33-78" href="#__codelineno-33-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-79" name="__codelineno-33-79" href="#__codelineno-33-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek_last</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-80" name="__codelineno-33-80" href="#__codelineno-33-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-81" name="__codelineno-33-81" href="#__codelineno-33-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-82" name="__codelineno-33-82" href="#__codelineno-33-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-83" name="__codelineno-33-83" href="#__codelineno-33-83"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-84" name="__codelineno-33-84" href="#__codelineno-33-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-85" name="__codelineno-33-85" href="#__codelineno-33-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">peek_first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-86" name="__codelineno-33-86" href="#__codelineno-33-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-87" name="__codelineno-33-87" href="#__codelineno-33-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-88" name="__codelineno-33-88" href="#__codelineno-33-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-89" name="__codelineno-33-89" href="#__codelineno-33-89"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-90" name="__codelineno-33-90" href="#__codelineno-33-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-91" name="__codelineno-33-91" href="#__codelineno-33-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">peek_last</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-92" name="__codelineno-33-92" href="#__codelineno-33-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-93" name="__codelineno-33-93" href="#__codelineno-33-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾元素索引</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-94" name="__codelineno-33-94" href="#__codelineno-33-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">last</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-95" name="__codelineno-33-95" href="#__codelineno-33-95"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-96" name="__codelineno-33-96" href="#__codelineno-33-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-97" name="__codelineno-33-97" href="#__codelineno-33-97"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-98" name="__codelineno-33-98" href="#__codelineno-33-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-99" name="__codelineno-33-99" href="#__codelineno-33-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-100" name="__codelineno-33-100" href="#__codelineno-33-100"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-101" name="__codelineno-33-101" href="#__codelineno-33-101"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-102" name="__codelineno-33-102" href="#__codelineno-33-102"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-103" name="__codelineno-33-103" href="#__codelineno-33-103"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-104" name="__codelineno-33-104" href="#__codelineno-33-104"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-105" name="__codelineno-33-105" href="#__codelineno-33-105"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-106" name="__codelineno-33-106" href="#__codelineno-33-106"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-107" name="__codelineno-33-107" href="#__codelineno-33-107"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-108" name="__codelineno-33-108" href="#__codelineno-33-108"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-109" name="__codelineno-33-109" href="#__codelineno-33-109"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 尾指针，指向队尾 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newArrayDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 析构函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delArrayDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-25" name="__codelineno-34-25" href="#__codelineno-34-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-26" name="__codelineno-34-26" href="#__codelineno-34-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-27" name="__codelineno-34-27" href="#__codelineno-34-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-28" name="__codelineno-34-28" href="#__codelineno-34-28"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-29" name="__codelineno-34-29" href="#__codelineno-34-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-30" name="__codelineno-34-30" href="#__codelineno-34-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-31" name="__codelineno-34-31" href="#__codelineno-34-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-32" name="__codelineno-34-32" href="#__codelineno-34-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取双向队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-33" name="__codelineno-34-33" href="#__codelineno-34-33"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-34" name="__codelineno-34-34" href="#__codelineno-34-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-35" name="__codelineno-34-35" href="#__codelineno-34-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-36" name="__codelineno-34-36" href="#__codelineno-34-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-37" name="__codelineno-34-37" href="#__codelineno-34-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断双向队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-38" name="__codelineno-34-38" href="#__codelineno-34-38"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-39" name="__codelineno-34-39" href="#__codelineno-34-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-40" name="__codelineno-34-40" href="#__codelineno-34-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-41" name="__codelineno-34-41" href="#__codelineno-34-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-42" name="__codelineno-34-42" href="#__codelineno-34-42"></a><span class="cm">/* 计算环形数组索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-43" name="__codelineno-34-43" href="#__codelineno-34-43"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dequeIndex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-44" name="__codelineno-34-44" href="#__codelineno-34-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-45" name="__codelineno-34-45" href="#__codelineno-34-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组尾部时，回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-46" name="__codelineno-34-46" href="#__codelineno-34-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 i 越过数组头部后，回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-47" name="__codelineno-34-47" href="#__codelineno-34-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-48" name="__codelineno-34-48" href="#__codelineno-34-48"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-49" name="__codelineno-34-49" href="#__codelineno-34-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-50" name="__codelineno-34-50" href="#__codelineno-34-50"></a><span class="cm">/* 队首入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-51" name="__codelineno-34-51" href="#__codelineno-34-51"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-52" name="__codelineno-34-52" href="#__codelineno-34-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-53" name="__codelineno-34-53" href="#__codelineno-34-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满</span><span class="se">\r\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-54" name="__codelineno-34-54" href="#__codelineno-34-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-55" name="__codelineno-34-55" href="#__codelineno-34-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-56" name="__codelineno-34-56" href="#__codelineno-34-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向左移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-57" name="__codelineno-34-57" href="#__codelineno-34-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 front 越过数组头部回到尾部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-58" name="__codelineno-34-58" href="#__codelineno-34-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dequeIndex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-59" name="__codelineno-34-59" href="#__codelineno-34-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加到队首</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-60" name="__codelineno-34-60" href="#__codelineno-34-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-61" name="__codelineno-34-61" href="#__codelineno-34-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-62" name="__codelineno-34-62" href="#__codelineno-34-62"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-63" name="__codelineno-34-63" href="#__codelineno-34-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-64" name="__codelineno-34-64" href="#__codelineno-34-64"></a><span class="cm">/* 队尾入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-65" name="__codelineno-34-65" href="#__codelineno-34-65"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pushLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-66" name="__codelineno-34-66" href="#__codelineno-34-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-67" name="__codelineno-34-67" href="#__codelineno-34-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;双向队列已满</span><span class="se">\r\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-68" name="__codelineno-34-68" href="#__codelineno-34-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-69" name="__codelineno-34-69" href="#__codelineno-34-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-70" name="__codelineno-34-70" href="#__codelineno-34-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-71" name="__codelineno-34-71" href="#__codelineno-34-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dequeIndex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-72" name="__codelineno-34-72" href="#__codelineno-34-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-73" name="__codelineno-34-73" href="#__codelineno-34-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-74" name="__codelineno-34-74" href="#__codelineno-34-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-75" name="__codelineno-34-75" href="#__codelineno-34-75"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-76" name="__codelineno-34-76" href="#__codelineno-34-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-77" name="__codelineno-34-77" href="#__codelineno-34-77"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-78" name="__codelineno-34-78" href="#__codelineno-34-78"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-79" name="__codelineno-34-79" href="#__codelineno-34-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问异常：双向队列为空</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-80" name="__codelineno-34-80" href="#__codelineno-34-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-81" name="__codelineno-34-81" href="#__codelineno-34-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-82" name="__codelineno-34-82" href="#__codelineno-34-82"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-83" name="__codelineno-34-83" href="#__codelineno-34-83"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-84" name="__codelineno-34-84" href="#__codelineno-34-84"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队尾元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-85" name="__codelineno-34-85" href="#__codelineno-34-85"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peekLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-86" name="__codelineno-34-86" href="#__codelineno-34-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问异常：双向队列为空</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-87" name="__codelineno-34-87" href="#__codelineno-34-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-88" name="__codelineno-34-88" href="#__codelineno-34-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">last</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dequeIndex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-89" name="__codelineno-34-89" href="#__codelineno-34-89"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-90" name="__codelineno-34-90" href="#__codelineno-34-90"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-91" name="__codelineno-34-91" href="#__codelineno-34-91"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-92" name="__codelineno-34-92" href="#__codelineno-34-92"></a><span class="cm">/* 队首出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-93" name="__codelineno-34-93" href="#__codelineno-34-93"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-94" name="__codelineno-34-94" href="#__codelineno-34-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-95" name="__codelineno-34-95" href="#__codelineno-34-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-96" name="__codelineno-34-96" href="#__codelineno-34-96"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dequeIndex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-97" name="__codelineno-34-97" href="#__codelineno-34-97"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-98" name="__codelineno-34-98" href="#__codelineno-34-98"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-99" name="__codelineno-34-99" href="#__codelineno-34-99"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-100" name="__codelineno-34-100" href="#__codelineno-34-100"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-101" name="__codelineno-34-101" href="#__codelineno-34-101"></a><span class="cm">/* 队尾出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-102" name="__codelineno-34-102" href="#__codelineno-34-102"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">popLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-103" name="__codelineno-34-103" href="#__codelineno-34-103"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peekLast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-104" name="__codelineno-34-104" href="#__codelineno-34-104"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-105" name="__codelineno-34-105" href="#__codelineno-34-105"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-106" name="__codelineno-34-106" href="#__codelineno-34-106"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-107" name="__codelineno-34-107" href="#__codelineno-34-107"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-108" name="__codelineno-34-108" href="#__codelineno-34-108"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-109" name="__codelineno-34-109" href="#__codelineno-34-109"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">printArrayDeque</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-110" name="__codelineno-34-110" href="#__codelineno-34-110"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-111" name="__codelineno-34-111" href="#__codelineno-34-111"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 拷贝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-112" name="__codelineno-34-112" href="#__codelineno-34-112"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-113" name="__codelineno-34-113" href="#__codelineno-34-113"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-114" name="__codelineno-34-114" href="#__codelineno-34-114"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-115" name="__codelineno-34-115" href="#__codelineno-34-115"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-116" name="__codelineno-34-116" href="#__codelineno-34-116"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_deque.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayDeque</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -6635,7 +3985,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -6701,31 +4056,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../queue/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 5.2 &amp;nbsp; 队列" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                5.2 &nbsp; 队列
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 5.4 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                5.4 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -6735,14 +4107,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_stack_and_queue/index.html b/chapter_stack_and_queue/index.html
index cb53d206c..26e762aee 100644
--- a/chapter_stack_and_queue/index.html
+++ b/chapter_stack_and_queue/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3331,7 +3351,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3397,31 +3422,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 4.4 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                4.4 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="stack/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 5.1 &amp;nbsp; 栈" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                5.1 &nbsp; 栈
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3431,14 +3473,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
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         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/index.html b/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/index.html
index 5f36c61f5..3873f6f9f 100644
--- a/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/index.html
+++ b/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3691,846 +3711,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于链表实现的队列&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>  <span class="c1"># 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rear</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>  <span class="c1"># 尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取队列的长度&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;判断队列是否为空&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;入队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>        <span class="c1"># 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>        <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>        <span class="c1"># 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rear</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a>        <span class="c1"># 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rear</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rear</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-31" name="__codelineno-12-31" href="#__codelineno-12-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-32" name="__codelineno-12-32" href="#__codelineno-12-32"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-33" name="__codelineno-12-33" href="#__codelineno-12-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;出队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-34" name="__codelineno-12-34" href="#__codelineno-12-34"></a>        <span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-35" name="__codelineno-12-35" href="#__codelineno-12-35"></a>        <span class="c1"># 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-36" name="__codelineno-12-36" href="#__codelineno-12-36"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-37" name="__codelineno-12-37" href="#__codelineno-12-37"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-38" name="__codelineno-12-38" href="#__codelineno-12-38"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-39" name="__codelineno-12-39" href="#__codelineno-12-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-40" name="__codelineno-12-40" href="#__codelineno-12-40"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-41" name="__codelineno-12-41" href="#__codelineno-12-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问队首元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-42" name="__codelineno-12-42" href="#__codelineno-12-42"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-43" name="__codelineno-12-43" href="#__codelineno-12-43"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-44" name="__codelineno-12-44" href="#__codelineno-12-44"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-45" name="__codelineno-12-45" href="#__codelineno-12-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-46" name="__codelineno-12-46" href="#__codelineno-12-46"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-47" name="__codelineno-12-47" href="#__codelineno-12-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;转化为列表用于打印&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-48" name="__codelineno-12-48" href="#__codelineno-12-48"></a>        <span class="n">queue</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-49" name="__codelineno-12-49" href="#__codelineno-12-49"></a>        <span class="n">temp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-50" name="__codelineno-12-50" href="#__codelineno-12-50"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-51" name="__codelineno-12-51" href="#__codelineno-12-51"></a>            <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-52" name="__codelineno-12-52" href="#__codelineno-12-52"></a>            <span class="n">temp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-53" name="__codelineno-12-53" href="#__codelineno-12-53"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">queue</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front ，尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历链表删除节点，释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">freeMemoryLinkedList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-35" name="__codelineno-13-35" href="#__codelineno-13-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-36" name="__codelineno-13-36" href="#__codelineno-13-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-37" name="__codelineno-13-37" href="#__codelineno-13-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-38" name="__codelineno-13-38" href="#__codelineno-13-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-39" name="__codelineno-13-39" href="#__codelineno-13-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-40" name="__codelineno-13-40" href="#__codelineno-13-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-41" name="__codelineno-13-41" href="#__codelineno-13-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-42" name="__codelineno-13-42" href="#__codelineno-13-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-43" name="__codelineno-13-43" href="#__codelineno-13-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-44" name="__codelineno-13-44" href="#__codelineno-13-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-45" name="__codelineno-13-45" href="#__codelineno-13-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-46" name="__codelineno-13-46" href="#__codelineno-13-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-47" name="__codelineno-13-47" href="#__codelineno-13-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-48" name="__codelineno-13-48" href="#__codelineno-13-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-49" name="__codelineno-13-49" href="#__codelineno-13-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-50" name="__codelineno-13-50" href="#__codelineno-13-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-51" name="__codelineno-13-51" href="#__codelineno-13-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-52" name="__codelineno-13-52" href="#__codelineno-13-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-53" name="__codelineno-13-53" href="#__codelineno-13-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-54" name="__codelineno-13-54" href="#__codelineno-13-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-55" name="__codelineno-13-55" href="#__codelineno-13-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-56" name="__codelineno-13-56" href="#__codelineno-13-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-57" name="__codelineno-13-57" href="#__codelineno-13-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-58" name="__codelineno-13-58" href="#__codelineno-13-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-59" name="__codelineno-13-59" href="#__codelineno-13-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-60" name="__codelineno-13-60" href="#__codelineno-13-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-61" name="__codelineno-13-61" href="#__codelineno-13-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-62" name="__codelineno-13-62" href="#__codelineno-13-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-63" name="__codelineno-13-63" href="#__codelineno-13-63"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-64" name="__codelineno-13-64" href="#__codelineno-13-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Vector 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-65" name="__codelineno-13-65" href="#__codelineno-13-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-66" name="__codelineno-13-66" href="#__codelineno-13-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-67" name="__codelineno-13-67" href="#__codelineno-13-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-68" name="__codelineno-13-68" href="#__codelineno-13-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-69" name="__codelineno-13-69" href="#__codelineno-13-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-70" name="__codelineno-13-70" href="#__codelineno-13-70"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-71" name="__codelineno-13-71" href="#__codelineno-13-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-72" name="__codelineno-13-72" href="#__codelineno-13-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-73" name="__codelineno-13-73" href="#__codelineno-13-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-74" name="__codelineno-13-74" href="#__codelineno-13-74"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front ，尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-34" name="__codelineno-14-34" href="#__codelineno-14-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-35" name="__codelineno-14-35" href="#__codelineno-14-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-36" name="__codelineno-14-36" href="#__codelineno-14-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-37" name="__codelineno-14-37" href="#__codelineno-14-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-38" name="__codelineno-14-38" href="#__codelineno-14-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-39" name="__codelineno-14-39" href="#__codelineno-14-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-40" name="__codelineno-14-40" href="#__codelineno-14-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-41" name="__codelineno-14-41" href="#__codelineno-14-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-42" name="__codelineno-14-42" href="#__codelineno-14-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-43" name="__codelineno-14-43" href="#__codelineno-14-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-44" name="__codelineno-14-44" href="#__codelineno-14-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-45" name="__codelineno-14-45" href="#__codelineno-14-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-46" name="__codelineno-14-46" href="#__codelineno-14-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-47" name="__codelineno-14-47" href="#__codelineno-14-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-48" name="__codelineno-14-48" href="#__codelineno-14-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-49" name="__codelineno-14-49" href="#__codelineno-14-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-50" name="__codelineno-14-50" href="#__codelineno-14-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-51" name="__codelineno-14-51" href="#__codelineno-14-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-52" name="__codelineno-14-52" href="#__codelineno-14-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-53" name="__codelineno-14-53" href="#__codelineno-14-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-54" name="__codelineno-14-54" href="#__codelineno-14-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-55" name="__codelineno-14-55" href="#__codelineno-14-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-56" name="__codelineno-14-56" href="#__codelineno-14-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-57" name="__codelineno-14-57" href="#__codelineno-14-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-58" name="__codelineno-14-58" href="#__codelineno-14-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-59" name="__codelineno-14-59" href="#__codelineno-14-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-60" name="__codelineno-14-60" href="#__codelineno-14-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-61" name="__codelineno-14-61" href="#__codelineno-14-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-62" name="__codelineno-14-62" href="#__codelineno-14-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-63" name="__codelineno-14-63" href="#__codelineno-14-63"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front ，尾节点 rear </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-34" name="__codelineno-15-34" href="#__codelineno-15-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-35" name="__codelineno-15-35" href="#__codelineno-15-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-36" name="__codelineno-15-36" href="#__codelineno-15-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-37" name="__codelineno-15-37" href="#__codelineno-15-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-38" name="__codelineno-15-38" href="#__codelineno-15-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-39" name="__codelineno-15-39" href="#__codelineno-15-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-40" name="__codelineno-15-40" href="#__codelineno-15-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-41" name="__codelineno-15-41" href="#__codelineno-15-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">?.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-42" name="__codelineno-15-42" href="#__codelineno-15-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-43" name="__codelineno-15-43" href="#__codelineno-15-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-44" name="__codelineno-15-44" href="#__codelineno-15-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-45" name="__codelineno-15-45" href="#__codelineno-15-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-46" name="__codelineno-15-46" href="#__codelineno-15-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-47" name="__codelineno-15-47" href="#__codelineno-15-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-48" name="__codelineno-15-48" href="#__codelineno-15-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-49" name="__codelineno-15-49" href="#__codelineno-15-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-50" name="__codelineno-15-50" href="#__codelineno-15-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-51" name="__codelineno-15-51" href="#__codelineno-15-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-52" name="__codelineno-15-52" href="#__codelineno-15-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-53" name="__codelineno-15-53" href="#__codelineno-15-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-54" name="__codelineno-15-54" href="#__codelineno-15-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-55" name="__codelineno-15-55" href="#__codelineno-15-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-56" name="__codelineno-15-56" href="#__codelineno-15-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Empty</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-57" name="__codelineno-15-57" href="#__codelineno-15-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-58" name="__codelineno-15-58" href="#__codelineno-15-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-59" name="__codelineno-15-59" href="#__codelineno-15-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-60" name="__codelineno-15-60" href="#__codelineno-15-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-61" name="__codelineno-15-61" href="#__codelineno-15-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-62" name="__codelineno-15-62" href="#__codelineno-15-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-63" name="__codelineno-15-63" href="#__codelineno-15-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-64" name="__codelineno-15-64" href="#__codelineno-15-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-65" name="__codelineno-15-65" href="#__codelineno-15-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-66" name="__codelineno-15-66" href="#__codelineno-15-66"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置包 list 来实现队列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newLinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">New</span><span class="p">(),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-35" name="__codelineno-16-35" href="#__codelineno-16-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-36" name="__codelineno-16-36" href="#__codelineno-16-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-37" name="__codelineno-16-37" href="#__codelineno-16-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-38" name="__codelineno-16-38" href="#__codelineno-16-38"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-39" name="__codelineno-16-39" href="#__codelineno-16-39"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-40" name="__codelineno-16-40" href="#__codelineno-16-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-41" name="__codelineno-16-41" href="#__codelineno-16-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-42" name="__codelineno-16-42" href="#__codelineno-16-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-43" name="__codelineno-16-43" href="#__codelineno-16-43"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-44" name="__codelineno-16-44" href="#__codelineno-16-44"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-45" name="__codelineno-16-45" href="#__codelineno-16-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-46" name="__codelineno-16-46" href="#__codelineno-16-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-47" name="__codelineno-16-47" href="#__codelineno-16-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-48" name="__codelineno-16-48" href="#__codelineno-16-48"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 List 用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-49" name="__codelineno-16-49" href="#__codelineno-16-49"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-50" name="__codelineno-16-50" href="#__codelineno-16-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-51" name="__codelineno-16-51" href="#__codelineno-16-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">rear</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 尾节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">_size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>        <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>        <span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>        <span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>            <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>            <span class="n">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>        <span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>            <span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>            <span class="n">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-34" name="__codelineno-17-34" href="#__codelineno-17-34"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-35" name="__codelineno-17-35" href="#__codelineno-17-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-36" name="__codelineno-17-36" href="#__codelineno-17-36"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-37" name="__codelineno-17-37" href="#__codelineno-17-37"></a>    <span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-38" name="__codelineno-17-38" href="#__codelineno-17-38"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-39" name="__codelineno-17-39" href="#__codelineno-17-39"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-40" name="__codelineno-17-40" href="#__codelineno-17-40"></a>        <span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-41" name="__codelineno-17-41" href="#__codelineno-17-41"></a>        <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-42" name="__codelineno-17-42" href="#__codelineno-17-42"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-43" name="__codelineno-17-43" href="#__codelineno-17-43"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-44" name="__codelineno-17-44" href="#__codelineno-17-44"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-45" name="__codelineno-17-45" href="#__codelineno-17-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-46" name="__codelineno-17-46" href="#__codelineno-17-46"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-47" name="__codelineno-17-47" href="#__codelineno-17-47"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-48" name="__codelineno-17-48" href="#__codelineno-17-48"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-49" name="__codelineno-17-49" href="#__codelineno-17-49"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-50" name="__codelineno-17-50" href="#__codelineno-17-50"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-51" name="__codelineno-17-51" href="#__codelineno-17-51"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-52" name="__codelineno-17-52" href="#__codelineno-17-52"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-53" name="__codelineno-17-53" href="#__codelineno-17-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-54" name="__codelineno-17-54" href="#__codelineno-17-54"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-55" name="__codelineno-17-55" href="#__codelineno-17-55"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-56" name="__codelineno-17-56" href="#__codelineno-17-56"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-57" name="__codelineno-17-57" href="#__codelineno-17-57"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-58" name="__codelineno-17-58" href="#__codelineno-17-58"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-59" name="__codelineno-17-59" href="#__codelineno-17-59"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-60" name="__codelineno-17-60" href="#__codelineno-17-60"></a>            <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-61" name="__codelineno-17-61" href="#__codelineno-17-61"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-62" name="__codelineno-17-62" href="#__codelineno-17-62"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-63" name="__codelineno-17-63" href="#__codelineno-17-63"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-64" name="__codelineno-17-64" href="#__codelineno-17-64"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 #front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 #rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-34" name="__codelineno-18-34" href="#__codelineno-18-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-35" name="__codelineno-18-35" href="#__codelineno-18-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-36" name="__codelineno-18-36" href="#__codelineno-18-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-37" name="__codelineno-18-37" href="#__codelineno-18-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-38" name="__codelineno-18-38" href="#__codelineno-18-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-39" name="__codelineno-18-39" href="#__codelineno-18-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-40" name="__codelineno-18-40" href="#__codelineno-18-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-41" name="__codelineno-18-41" href="#__codelineno-18-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-42" name="__codelineno-18-42" href="#__codelineno-18-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-43" name="__codelineno-18-43" href="#__codelineno-18-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-44" name="__codelineno-18-44" href="#__codelineno-18-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-45" name="__codelineno-18-45" href="#__codelineno-18-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-46" name="__codelineno-18-46" href="#__codelineno-18-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-47" name="__codelineno-18-47" href="#__codelineno-18-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-48" name="__codelineno-18-48" href="#__codelineno-18-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-49" name="__codelineno-18-49" href="#__codelineno-18-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;队列为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-50" name="__codelineno-18-50" href="#__codelineno-18-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-51" name="__codelineno-18-51" href="#__codelineno-18-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-52" name="__codelineno-18-52" href="#__codelineno-18-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-53" name="__codelineno-18-53" href="#__codelineno-18-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-54" name="__codelineno-18-54" href="#__codelineno-18-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-55" name="__codelineno-18-55" href="#__codelineno-18-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-56" name="__codelineno-18-56" href="#__codelineno-18-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-57" name="__codelineno-18-57" href="#__codelineno-18-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-58" name="__codelineno-18-58" href="#__codelineno-18-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-59" name="__codelineno-18-59" href="#__codelineno-18-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-60" name="__codelineno-18-60" href="#__codelineno-18-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-61" name="__codelineno-18-61" href="#__codelineno-18-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-62" name="__codelineno-18-62" href="#__codelineno-18-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-63" name="__codelineno-18-63" href="#__codelineno-18-63"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;队列为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;队列为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-54" name="__codelineno-19-54" href="#__codelineno-19-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-55" name="__codelineno-19-55" href="#__codelineno-19-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-56" name="__codelineno-19-56" href="#__codelineno-19-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-57" name="__codelineno-19-57" href="#__codelineno-19-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-58" name="__codelineno-19-58" href="#__codelineno-19-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-59" name="__codelineno-19-59" href="#__codelineno-19-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-60" name="__codelineno-19-60" href="#__codelineno-19-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-61" name="__codelineno-19-61" href="#__codelineno-19-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-62" name="__codelineno-19-62" href="#__codelineno-19-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-63" name="__codelineno-19-63" href="#__codelineno-19-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-64" name="__codelineno-19-64" href="#__codelineno-19-64"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 _front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 _rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-40" name="__codelineno-20-40" href="#__codelineno-20-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-41" name="__codelineno-20-41" href="#__codelineno-20-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-42" name="__codelineno-20-42" href="#__codelineno-20-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-43" name="__codelineno-20-43" href="#__codelineno-20-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-44" name="__codelineno-20-44" href="#__codelineno-20-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-45" name="__codelineno-20-45" href="#__codelineno-20-45"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-46" name="__codelineno-20-46" href="#__codelineno-20-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-47" name="__codelineno-20-47" href="#__codelineno-20-47"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-48" name="__codelineno-20-48" href="#__codelineno-20-48"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-49" name="__codelineno-20-49" href="#__codelineno-20-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-50" name="__codelineno-20-50" href="#__codelineno-20-50"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;队列为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-51" name="__codelineno-20-51" href="#__codelineno-20-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-52" name="__codelineno-20-52" href="#__codelineno-20-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-53" name="__codelineno-20-53" href="#__codelineno-20-53"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-54" name="__codelineno-20-54" href="#__codelineno-20-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-55" name="__codelineno-20-55" href="#__codelineno-20-55"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-56" name="__codelineno-20-56" href="#__codelineno-20-56"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-57" name="__codelineno-20-57" href="#__codelineno-20-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-58" name="__codelineno-20-58" href="#__codelineno-20-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-59" name="__codelineno-20-59" href="#__codelineno-20-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-60" name="__codelineno-20-60" href="#__codelineno-20-60"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-61" name="__codelineno-20-61" href="#__codelineno-20-61"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-62" name="__codelineno-20-62" href="#__codelineno-20-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-63" name="__codelineno-20-63" href="#__codelineno-20-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-64" name="__codelineno-20-64" href="#__codelineno-20-64"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-65" name="__codelineno-20-65" href="#__codelineno-20-65"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(dead_code)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">front</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">rear</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 rear </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que_size</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                            </span><span class="c1">// 队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span>: <span class="nb">Copy</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span>: <span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">rear</span>: <span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que_size</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">new_rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">old_rear</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">old_rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_rear</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-39" name="__codelineno-21-39" href="#__codelineno-21-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-40" name="__codelineno-21-40" href="#__codelineno-21-40"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-41" name="__codelineno-21-41" href="#__codelineno-21-41"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_rear</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-42" name="__codelineno-21-42" href="#__codelineno-21-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-43" name="__codelineno-21-43" href="#__codelineno-21-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-44" name="__codelineno-21-44" href="#__codelineno-21-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-45" name="__codelineno-21-45" href="#__codelineno-21-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-46" name="__codelineno-21-46" href="#__codelineno-21-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-47" name="__codelineno-21-47" href="#__codelineno-21-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-48" name="__codelineno-21-48" href="#__codelineno-21-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-49" name="__codelineno-21-49" href="#__codelineno-21-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">old_front</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-50" name="__codelineno-21-50" href="#__codelineno-21-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">old_front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-51" name="__codelineno-21-51" href="#__codelineno-21-51"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-52" name="__codelineno-21-52" href="#__codelineno-21-52"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_front</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-53" name="__codelineno-21-53" href="#__codelineno-21-53"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-54" name="__codelineno-21-54" href="#__codelineno-21-54"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-55" name="__codelineno-21-55" href="#__codelineno-21-55"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-56" name="__codelineno-21-56" href="#__codelineno-21-56"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-57" name="__codelineno-21-57" href="#__codelineno-21-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-58" name="__codelineno-21-58" href="#__codelineno-21-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-59" name="__codelineno-21-59" href="#__codelineno-21-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">try_unwrap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">old_front</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">into_inner</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-60" name="__codelineno-21-60" href="#__codelineno-21-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-61" name="__codelineno-21-61" href="#__codelineno-21-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-62" name="__codelineno-21-62" href="#__codelineno-21-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-63" name="__codelineno-21-63" href="#__codelineno-21-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-64" name="__codelineno-21-64" href="#__codelineno-21-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-65" name="__codelineno-21-65" href="#__codelineno-21-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-66" name="__codelineno-21-66" href="#__codelineno-21-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-67" name="__codelineno-21-67" href="#__codelineno-21-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-68" name="__codelineno-21-68" href="#__codelineno-21-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-69" name="__codelineno-21-69" href="#__codelineno-21-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-70" name="__codelineno-21-70" href="#__codelineno-21-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-71" name="__codelineno-21-71" href="#__codelineno-21-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-72" name="__codelineno-21-72" href="#__codelineno-21-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-73" name="__codelineno-21-73" href="#__codelineno-21-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-74" name="__codelineno-21-74" href="#__codelineno-21-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-75" name="__codelineno-21-75" href="#__codelineno-21-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-76" name="__codelineno-21-76" href="#__codelineno-21-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-77" name="__codelineno-21-77" href="#__codelineno-21-77"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newLinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 析构函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delLinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放所有节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放 queue 结构体</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-37" name="__codelineno-22-37" href="#__codelineno-22-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-38" name="__codelineno-22-38" href="#__codelineno-22-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-39" name="__codelineno-22-39" href="#__codelineno-22-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-40" name="__codelineno-22-40" href="#__codelineno-22-40"></a><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-41" name="__codelineno-22-41" href="#__codelineno-22-41"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-42" name="__codelineno-22-42" href="#__codelineno-22-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点处添加 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-43" name="__codelineno-22-43" href="#__codelineno-22-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-44" name="__codelineno-22-44" href="#__codelineno-22-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-45" name="__codelineno-22-45" href="#__codelineno-22-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-46" name="__codelineno-22-46" href="#__codelineno-22-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-47" name="__codelineno-22-47" href="#__codelineno-22-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-48" name="__codelineno-22-48" href="#__codelineno-22-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-49" name="__codelineno-22-49" href="#__codelineno-22-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-50" name="__codelineno-22-50" href="#__codelineno-22-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-51" name="__codelineno-22-51" href="#__codelineno-22-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-52" name="__codelineno-22-52" href="#__codelineno-22-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-53" name="__codelineno-22-53" href="#__codelineno-22-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-54" name="__codelineno-22-54" href="#__codelineno-22-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-55" name="__codelineno-22-55" href="#__codelineno-22-55"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-56" name="__codelineno-22-56" href="#__codelineno-22-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-57" name="__codelineno-22-57" href="#__codelineno-22-57"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-58" name="__codelineno-22-58" href="#__codelineno-22-58"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-59" name="__codelineno-22-59" href="#__codelineno-22-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-60" name="__codelineno-22-60" href="#__codelineno-22-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-61" name="__codelineno-22-61" href="#__codelineno-22-61"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-62" name="__codelineno-22-62" href="#__codelineno-22-62"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-63" name="__codelineno-22-63" href="#__codelineno-22-63"></a><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-64" name="__codelineno-22-64" href="#__codelineno-22-64"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-65" name="__codelineno-22-65" href="#__codelineno-22-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-66" name="__codelineno-22-66" href="#__codelineno-22-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-67" name="__codelineno-22-67" href="#__codelineno-22-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-68" name="__codelineno-22-68" href="#__codelineno-22-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-69" name="__codelineno-22-69" href="#__codelineno-22-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-70" name="__codelineno-22-70" href="#__codelineno-22-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-71" name="__codelineno-22-71" href="#__codelineno-22-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-72" name="__codelineno-22-72" href="#__codelineno-22-72"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-73" name="__codelineno-22-73" href="#__codelineno-22-73"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">printLinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-74" name="__codelineno-22-74" href="#__codelineno-22-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-75" name="__codelineno-22-75" href="#__codelineno-22-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 拷贝链表中的数据到数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-76" name="__codelineno-22-76" href="#__codelineno-22-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-77" name="__codelineno-22-77" href="#__codelineno-22-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-78" name="__codelineno-22-78" href="#__codelineno-22-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-79" name="__codelineno-22-79" href="#__codelineno-22-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-80" name="__codelineno-22-80" href="#__codelineno-22-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-81" name="__codelineno-22-81" href="#__codelineno-22-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-82" name="__codelineno-22-82" href="#__codelineno-22-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-83" name="__codelineno-22-83" href="#__codelineno-22-83"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 基于链表实现的队列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 头节点 front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                 </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点 rear</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                            </span><span class="c1">// 队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 内存分配器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 构造函数（分配内存+初始化队列）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 析构函数（释放内存）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-27" name="__codelineno-23-27" href="#__codelineno-23-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-28" name="__codelineno-23-28" href="#__codelineno-23-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-29" name="__codelineno-23-29" href="#__codelineno-23-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-30" name="__codelineno-23-30" href="#__codelineno-23-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-31" name="__codelineno-23-31" href="#__codelineno-23-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-32" name="__codelineno-23-32" href="#__codelineno-23-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-33" name="__codelineno-23-33" href="#__codelineno-23-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-34" name="__codelineno-23-34" href="#__codelineno-23-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断队列是否为空</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-35" name="__codelineno-23-35" href="#__codelineno-23-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-36" name="__codelineno-23-36" href="#__codelineno-23-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-37" name="__codelineno-23-37" href="#__codelineno-23-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-38" name="__codelineno-23-38" href="#__codelineno-23-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-39" name="__codelineno-23-39" href="#__codelineno-23-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-40" name="__codelineno-23-40" href="#__codelineno-23-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-41" name="__codelineno-23-41" href="#__codelineno-23-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-42" name="__codelineno-23-42" href="#__codelineno-23-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-43" name="__codelineno-23-43" href="#__codelineno-23-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-44" name="__codelineno-23-44" href="#__codelineno-23-44"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-45" name="__codelineno-23-45" href="#__codelineno-23-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-46" name="__codelineno-23-46" href="#__codelineno-23-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-47" name="__codelineno-23-47" href="#__codelineno-23-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-48" name="__codelineno-23-48" href="#__codelineno-23-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-49" name="__codelineno-23-49" href="#__codelineno-23-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-50" name="__codelineno-23-50" href="#__codelineno-23-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾节点都指向该节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-51" name="__codelineno-23-51" href="#__codelineno-23-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-52" name="__codelineno-23-52" href="#__codelineno-23-52"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-53" name="__codelineno-23-53" href="#__codelineno-23-53"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-54" name="__codelineno-23-54" href="#__codelineno-23-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该节点添加到尾节点后</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-55" name="__codelineno-23-55" href="#__codelineno-23-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-56" name="__codelineno-23-56" href="#__codelineno-23-56"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-57" name="__codelineno-23-57" href="#__codelineno-23-57"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-58" name="__codelineno-23-58" href="#__codelineno-23-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-59" name="__codelineno-23-59" href="#__codelineno-23-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-60" name="__codelineno-23-60" href="#__codelineno-23-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-61" name="__codelineno-23-61" href="#__codelineno-23-61"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-62" name="__codelineno-23-62" href="#__codelineno-23-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-63" name="__codelineno-23-63" href="#__codelineno-23-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-64" name="__codelineno-23-64" href="#__codelineno-23-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-65" name="__codelineno-23-65" href="#__codelineno-23-65"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 删除头节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-66" name="__codelineno-23-66" href="#__codelineno-23-66"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-67" name="__codelineno-23-67" href="#__codelineno-23-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-68" name="__codelineno-23-68" href="#__codelineno-23-68"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-69" name="__codelineno-23-69" href="#__codelineno-23-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-70" name="__codelineno-23-70" href="#__codelineno-23-70"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-71" name="__codelineno-23-71" href="#__codelineno-23-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将链表转换为数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-72" name="__codelineno-23-72" href="#__codelineno-23-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-73" name="__codelineno-23-73" href="#__codelineno-23-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-74" name="__codelineno-23-74" href="#__codelineno-23-74"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-75" name="__codelineno-23-75" href="#__codelineno-23-75"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-76" name="__codelineno-23-76" href="#__codelineno-23-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-77" name="__codelineno-23-77" href="#__codelineno-23-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-78" name="__codelineno-23-78" href="#__codelineno-23-78"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-79" name="__codelineno-23-79" href="#__codelineno-23-79"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-80" name="__codelineno-23-80" href="#__codelineno-23-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-81" name="__codelineno-23-81" href="#__codelineno-23-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-82" name="__codelineno-23-82" href="#__codelineno-23-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-83" name="__codelineno-23-83" href="#__codelineno-23-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-84" name="__codelineno-23-84" href="#__codelineno-23-84"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4564,872 +3789,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于环形数组实现的队列&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">size</span>  <span class="c1"># 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>  <span class="c1"># 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取队列的容量&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取队列的长度&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;判断队列是否为空&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-20" name="__codelineno-24-20" href="#__codelineno-24-20"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-21" name="__codelineno-24-21" href="#__codelineno-24-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-22" name="__codelineno-24-22" href="#__codelineno-24-22"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-23" name="__codelineno-24-23" href="#__codelineno-24-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;入队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-24" name="__codelineno-24-24" href="#__codelineno-24-24"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-25" name="__codelineno-24-25" href="#__codelineno-24-25"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-26" name="__codelineno-24-26" href="#__codelineno-24-26"></a>        <span class="c1"># 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-27" name="__codelineno-24-27" href="#__codelineno-24-27"></a>        <span class="c1"># 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-28" name="__codelineno-24-28" href="#__codelineno-24-28"></a>        <span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-29" name="__codelineno-24-29" href="#__codelineno-24-29"></a>        <span class="c1"># 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-30" name="__codelineno-24-30" href="#__codelineno-24-30"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-31" name="__codelineno-24-31" href="#__codelineno-24-31"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-32" name="__codelineno-24-32" href="#__codelineno-24-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-33" name="__codelineno-24-33" href="#__codelineno-24-33"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-34" name="__codelineno-24-34" href="#__codelineno-24-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;出队&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-35" name="__codelineno-24-35" href="#__codelineno-24-35"></a>        <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-36" name="__codelineno-24-36" href="#__codelineno-24-36"></a>        <span class="c1"># 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-37" name="__codelineno-24-37" href="#__codelineno-24-37"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-38" name="__codelineno-24-38" href="#__codelineno-24-38"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-39" name="__codelineno-24-39" href="#__codelineno-24-39"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-40" name="__codelineno-24-40" href="#__codelineno-24-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-41" name="__codelineno-24-41" href="#__codelineno-24-41"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-42" name="__codelineno-24-42" href="#__codelineno-24-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问队首元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-43" name="__codelineno-24-43" href="#__codelineno-24-43"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-44" name="__codelineno-24-44" href="#__codelineno-24-44"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-45" name="__codelineno-24-45" href="#__codelineno-24-45"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-46" name="__codelineno-24-46" href="#__codelineno-24-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-47" name="__codelineno-24-47" href="#__codelineno-24-47"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-48" name="__codelineno-24-48" href="#__codelineno-24-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;返回列表用于打印&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-49" name="__codelineno-24-49" href="#__codelineno-24-49"></a>        <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-50" name="__codelineno-24-50" href="#__codelineno-24-50"></a>        <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-51" name="__codelineno-24-51" href="#__codelineno-24-51"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-52" name="__codelineno-24-52" href="#__codelineno-24-52"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-53" name="__codelineno-24-53" href="#__codelineno-24-53"></a>            <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-54" name="__codelineno-24-54" href="#__codelineno-24-54"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;队列已满&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-40" name="__codelineno-25-40" href="#__codelineno-25-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-41" name="__codelineno-25-41" href="#__codelineno-25-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-42" name="__codelineno-25-42" href="#__codelineno-25-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算队尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-43" name="__codelineno-25-43" href="#__codelineno-25-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-44" name="__codelineno-25-44" href="#__codelineno-25-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-45" name="__codelineno-25-45" href="#__codelineno-25-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-46" name="__codelineno-25-46" href="#__codelineno-25-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-47" name="__codelineno-25-47" href="#__codelineno-25-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-48" name="__codelineno-25-48" href="#__codelineno-25-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-49" name="__codelineno-25-49" href="#__codelineno-25-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-50" name="__codelineno-25-50" href="#__codelineno-25-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-51" name="__codelineno-25-51" href="#__codelineno-25-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-52" name="__codelineno-25-52" href="#__codelineno-25-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-53" name="__codelineno-25-53" href="#__codelineno-25-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-54" name="__codelineno-25-54" href="#__codelineno-25-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-55" name="__codelineno-25-55" href="#__codelineno-25-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-56" name="__codelineno-25-56" href="#__codelineno-25-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-57" name="__codelineno-25-57" href="#__codelineno-25-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-58" name="__codelineno-25-58" href="#__codelineno-25-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-59" name="__codelineno-25-59" href="#__codelineno-25-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-60" name="__codelineno-25-60" href="#__codelineno-25-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-61" name="__codelineno-25-61" href="#__codelineno-25-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-62" name="__codelineno-25-62" href="#__codelineno-25-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-63" name="__codelineno-25-63" href="#__codelineno-25-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-64" name="__codelineno-25-64" href="#__codelineno-25-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-65" name="__codelineno-25-65" href="#__codelineno-25-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将数组转化为 Vector 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-66" name="__codelineno-25-66" href="#__codelineno-25-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-67" name="__codelineno-25-67" href="#__codelineno-25-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-68" name="__codelineno-25-68" href="#__codelineno-25-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-69" name="__codelineno-25-69" href="#__codelineno-25-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-70" name="__codelineno-25-70" href="#__codelineno-25-70"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-71" name="__codelineno-25-71" href="#__codelineno-25-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-72" name="__codelineno-25-72" href="#__codelineno-25-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-73" name="__codelineno-25-73" href="#__codelineno-25-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-74" name="__codelineno-25-74" href="#__codelineno-25-74"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-23" name="__codelineno-26-23" href="#__codelineno-26-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-24" name="__codelineno-26-24" href="#__codelineno-26-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-25" name="__codelineno-26-25" href="#__codelineno-26-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-26" name="__codelineno-26-26" href="#__codelineno-26-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-27" name="__codelineno-26-27" href="#__codelineno-26-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-28" name="__codelineno-26-28" href="#__codelineno-26-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-29" name="__codelineno-26-29" href="#__codelineno-26-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-30" name="__codelineno-26-30" href="#__codelineno-26-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-31" name="__codelineno-26-31" href="#__codelineno-26-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-32" name="__codelineno-26-32" href="#__codelineno-26-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-33" name="__codelineno-26-33" href="#__codelineno-26-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-34" name="__codelineno-26-34" href="#__codelineno-26-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-35" name="__codelineno-26-35" href="#__codelineno-26-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-36" name="__codelineno-26-36" href="#__codelineno-26-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-37" name="__codelineno-26-37" href="#__codelineno-26-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-38" name="__codelineno-26-38" href="#__codelineno-26-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-39" name="__codelineno-26-39" href="#__codelineno-26-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-40" name="__codelineno-26-40" href="#__codelineno-26-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-41" name="__codelineno-26-41" href="#__codelineno-26-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-42" name="__codelineno-26-42" href="#__codelineno-26-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-43" name="__codelineno-26-43" href="#__codelineno-26-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-44" name="__codelineno-26-44" href="#__codelineno-26-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-45" name="__codelineno-26-45" href="#__codelineno-26-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-46" name="__codelineno-26-46" href="#__codelineno-26-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-47" name="__codelineno-26-47" href="#__codelineno-26-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-48" name="__codelineno-26-48" href="#__codelineno-26-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-49" name="__codelineno-26-49" href="#__codelineno-26-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-50" name="__codelineno-26-50" href="#__codelineno-26-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-51" name="__codelineno-26-51" href="#__codelineno-26-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-52" name="__codelineno-26-52" href="#__codelineno-26-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-53" name="__codelineno-26-53" href="#__codelineno-26-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-54" name="__codelineno-26-54" href="#__codelineno-26-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-55" name="__codelineno-26-55" href="#__codelineno-26-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-56" name="__codelineno-26-56" href="#__codelineno-26-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-57" name="__codelineno-26-57" href="#__codelineno-26-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-58" name="__codelineno-26-58" href="#__codelineno-26-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-59" name="__codelineno-26-59" href="#__codelineno-26-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-60" name="__codelineno-26-60" href="#__codelineno-26-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-61" name="__codelineno-26-61" href="#__codelineno-26-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-62" name="__codelineno-26-62" href="#__codelineno-26-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-63" name="__codelineno-26-63" href="#__codelineno-26-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-64" name="__codelineno-26-64" href="#__codelineno-26-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-65" name="__codelineno-26-65" href="#__codelineno-26-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-66" name="__codelineno-26-66" href="#__codelineno-26-66"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-25" name="__codelineno-27-25" href="#__codelineno-27-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-26" name="__codelineno-27-26" href="#__codelineno-27-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-27" name="__codelineno-27-27" href="#__codelineno-27-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-28" name="__codelineno-27-28" href="#__codelineno-27-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-29" name="__codelineno-27-29" href="#__codelineno-27-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-30" name="__codelineno-27-30" href="#__codelineno-27-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-31" name="__codelineno-27-31" href="#__codelineno-27-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-32" name="__codelineno-27-32" href="#__codelineno-27-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-33" name="__codelineno-27-33" href="#__codelineno-27-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-34" name="__codelineno-27-34" href="#__codelineno-27-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-35" name="__codelineno-27-35" href="#__codelineno-27-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-36" name="__codelineno-27-36" href="#__codelineno-27-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-37" name="__codelineno-27-37" href="#__codelineno-27-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-38" name="__codelineno-27-38" href="#__codelineno-27-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-39" name="__codelineno-27-39" href="#__codelineno-27-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-40" name="__codelineno-27-40" href="#__codelineno-27-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-41" name="__codelineno-27-41" href="#__codelineno-27-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-42" name="__codelineno-27-42" href="#__codelineno-27-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-43" name="__codelineno-27-43" href="#__codelineno-27-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-44" name="__codelineno-27-44" href="#__codelineno-27-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-45" name="__codelineno-27-45" href="#__codelineno-27-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-46" name="__codelineno-27-46" href="#__codelineno-27-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-47" name="__codelineno-27-47" href="#__codelineno-27-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-48" name="__codelineno-27-48" href="#__codelineno-27-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-49" name="__codelineno-27-49" href="#__codelineno-27-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-50" name="__codelineno-27-50" href="#__codelineno-27-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-51" name="__codelineno-27-51" href="#__codelineno-27-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-52" name="__codelineno-27-52" href="#__codelineno-27-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-53" name="__codelineno-27-53" href="#__codelineno-27-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-54" name="__codelineno-27-54" href="#__codelineno-27-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-55" name="__codelineno-27-55" href="#__codelineno-27-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-56" name="__codelineno-27-56" href="#__codelineno-27-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-57" name="__codelineno-27-57" href="#__codelineno-27-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-58" name="__codelineno-27-58" href="#__codelineno-27-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-59" name="__codelineno-27-59" href="#__codelineno-27-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-60" name="__codelineno-27-60" href="#__codelineno-27-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-61" name="__codelineno-27-61" href="#__codelineno-27-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-62" name="__codelineno-27-62" href="#__codelineno-27-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-63" name="__codelineno-27-63" href="#__codelineno-27-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-64" name="__codelineno-27-64" href="#__codelineno-27-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-65" name="__codelineno-27-65" href="#__codelineno-27-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-66" name="__codelineno-27-66" href="#__codelineno-27-66"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量（即最大容纳元素数量）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当 rear == queCapacity 表示队列已满</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-35" name="__codelineno-28-35" href="#__codelineno-28-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-36" name="__codelineno-28-36" href="#__codelineno-28-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-37" name="__codelineno-28-37" href="#__codelineno-28-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-38" name="__codelineno-28-38" href="#__codelineno-28-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-39" name="__codelineno-28-39" href="#__codelineno-28-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-40" name="__codelineno-28-40" href="#__codelineno-28-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-41" name="__codelineno-28-41" href="#__codelineno-28-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-42" name="__codelineno-28-42" href="#__codelineno-28-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-43" name="__codelineno-28-43" href="#__codelineno-28-43"></a><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-44" name="__codelineno-28-44" href="#__codelineno-28-44"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-45" name="__codelineno-28-45" href="#__codelineno-28-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-46" name="__codelineno-28-46" href="#__codelineno-28-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-47" name="__codelineno-28-47" href="#__codelineno-28-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-48" name="__codelineno-28-48" href="#__codelineno-28-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-49" name="__codelineno-28-49" href="#__codelineno-28-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-50" name="__codelineno-28-50" href="#__codelineno-28-50"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-51" name="__codelineno-28-51" href="#__codelineno-28-51"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-52" name="__codelineno-28-52" href="#__codelineno-28-52"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-53" name="__codelineno-28-53" href="#__codelineno-28-53"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-54" name="__codelineno-28-54" href="#__codelineno-28-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-55" name="__codelineno-28-55" href="#__codelineno-28-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-56" name="__codelineno-28-56" href="#__codelineno-28-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-57" name="__codelineno-28-57" href="#__codelineno-28-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-58" name="__codelineno-28-58" href="#__codelineno-28-58"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-59" name="__codelineno-28-59" href="#__codelineno-28-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-60" name="__codelineno-28-60" href="#__codelineno-28-60"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 Slice 用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-61" name="__codelineno-28-61" href="#__codelineno-28-61"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toSlice</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-62" name="__codelineno-28-62" href="#__codelineno-28-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-63" name="__codelineno-28-63" href="#__codelineno-28-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-64" name="__codelineno-28-64" href="#__codelineno-28-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-65" name="__codelineno-28-65" href="#__codelineno-28-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">:],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-66" name="__codelineno-28-66" href="#__codelineno-28-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-67" name="__codelineno-28-67" href="#__codelineno-28-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-68" name="__codelineno-28-68" href="#__codelineno-28-68"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">queSize</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>        <span class="c1">// 初始化数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-24" name="__codelineno-29-24" href="#__codelineno-29-24"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-25" name="__codelineno-29-25" href="#__codelineno-29-25"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-26" name="__codelineno-29-26" href="#__codelineno-29-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-27" name="__codelineno-29-27" href="#__codelineno-29-27"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-28" name="__codelineno-29-28" href="#__codelineno-29-28"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-29" name="__codelineno-29-29" href="#__codelineno-29-29"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-30" name="__codelineno-29-30" href="#__codelineno-29-30"></a>            <span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-31" name="__codelineno-29-31" href="#__codelineno-29-31"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-32" name="__codelineno-29-32" href="#__codelineno-29-32"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-33" name="__codelineno-29-33" href="#__codelineno-29-33"></a>        <span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-34" name="__codelineno-29-34" href="#__codelineno-29-34"></a>        <span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-35" name="__codelineno-29-35" href="#__codelineno-29-35"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-36" name="__codelineno-29-36" href="#__codelineno-29-36"></a>        <span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-37" name="__codelineno-29-37" href="#__codelineno-29-37"></a>        <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-38" name="__codelineno-29-38" href="#__codelineno-29-38"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-39" name="__codelineno-29-39" href="#__codelineno-29-39"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-40" name="__codelineno-29-40" href="#__codelineno-29-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-41" name="__codelineno-29-41" href="#__codelineno-29-41"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-42" name="__codelineno-29-42" href="#__codelineno-29-42"></a>    <span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-43" name="__codelineno-29-43" href="#__codelineno-29-43"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-44" name="__codelineno-29-44" href="#__codelineno-29-44"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-45" name="__codelineno-29-45" href="#__codelineno-29-45"></a>        <span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-46" name="__codelineno-29-46" href="#__codelineno-29-46"></a>        <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-47" name="__codelineno-29-47" href="#__codelineno-29-47"></a>        <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-48" name="__codelineno-29-48" href="#__codelineno-29-48"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-49" name="__codelineno-29-49" href="#__codelineno-29-49"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-50" name="__codelineno-29-50" href="#__codelineno-29-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-51" name="__codelineno-29-51" href="#__codelineno-29-51"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-52" name="__codelineno-29-52" href="#__codelineno-29-52"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-53" name="__codelineno-29-53" href="#__codelineno-29-53"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-54" name="__codelineno-29-54" href="#__codelineno-29-54"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-55" name="__codelineno-29-55" href="#__codelineno-29-55"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-56" name="__codelineno-29-56" href="#__codelineno-29-56"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-57" name="__codelineno-29-57" href="#__codelineno-29-57"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-58" name="__codelineno-29-58" href="#__codelineno-29-58"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-59" name="__codelineno-29-59" href="#__codelineno-29-59"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 返回数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-60" name="__codelineno-29-60" href="#__codelineno-29-60"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-61" name="__codelineno-29-61" href="#__codelineno-29-61"></a>        <span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-62" name="__codelineno-29-62" href="#__codelineno-29-62"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-63" name="__codelineno-29-63" href="#__codelineno-29-63"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="kc">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-64" name="__codelineno-29-64" href="#__codelineno-29-64"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-65" name="__codelineno-29-65" href="#__codelineno-29-65"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-66" name="__codelineno-29-66" href="#__codelineno-29-66"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-67" name="__codelineno-29-67" href="#__codelineno-29-67"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-68" name="__codelineno-29-68" href="#__codelineno-29-68"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-27" name="__codelineno-30-27" href="#__codelineno-30-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-28" name="__codelineno-30-28" href="#__codelineno-30-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-29" name="__codelineno-30-29" href="#__codelineno-30-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;队列已满&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-30" name="__codelineno-30-30" href="#__codelineno-30-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-31" name="__codelineno-30-31" href="#__codelineno-30-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-32" name="__codelineno-30-32" href="#__codelineno-30-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-33" name="__codelineno-30-33" href="#__codelineno-30-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-34" name="__codelineno-30-34" href="#__codelineno-30-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-35" name="__codelineno-30-35" href="#__codelineno-30-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-36" name="__codelineno-30-36" href="#__codelineno-30-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-37" name="__codelineno-30-37" href="#__codelineno-30-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-38" name="__codelineno-30-38" href="#__codelineno-30-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-39" name="__codelineno-30-39" href="#__codelineno-30-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-40" name="__codelineno-30-40" href="#__codelineno-30-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-41" name="__codelineno-30-41" href="#__codelineno-30-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-42" name="__codelineno-30-42" href="#__codelineno-30-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-43" name="__codelineno-30-43" href="#__codelineno-30-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-44" name="__codelineno-30-44" href="#__codelineno-30-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-45" name="__codelineno-30-45" href="#__codelineno-30-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-46" name="__codelineno-30-46" href="#__codelineno-30-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-47" name="__codelineno-30-47" href="#__codelineno-30-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-48" name="__codelineno-30-48" href="#__codelineno-30-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-49" name="__codelineno-30-49" href="#__codelineno-30-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-50" name="__codelineno-30-50" href="#__codelineno-30-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-51" name="__codelineno-30-51" href="#__codelineno-30-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;队列为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-52" name="__codelineno-30-52" href="#__codelineno-30-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-53" name="__codelineno-30-53" href="#__codelineno-30-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-54" name="__codelineno-30-54" href="#__codelineno-30-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-55" name="__codelineno-30-55" href="#__codelineno-30-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Array */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-56" name="__codelineno-30-56" href="#__codelineno-30-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-57" name="__codelineno-30-57" href="#__codelineno-30-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-58" name="__codelineno-30-58" href="#__codelineno-30-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-59" name="__codelineno-30-59" href="#__codelineno-30-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-60" name="__codelineno-30-60" href="#__codelineno-30-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-61" name="__codelineno-30-61" href="#__codelineno-30-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-62" name="__codelineno-30-62" href="#__codelineno-30-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-63" name="__codelineno-30-63" href="#__codelineno-30-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-64" name="__codelineno-30-64" href="#__codelineno-30-64"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-27" name="__codelineno-31-27" href="#__codelineno-31-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-28" name="__codelineno-31-28" href="#__codelineno-31-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-29" name="__codelineno-31-29" href="#__codelineno-31-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-30" name="__codelineno-31-30" href="#__codelineno-31-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;队列已满&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-31" name="__codelineno-31-31" href="#__codelineno-31-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-32" name="__codelineno-31-32" href="#__codelineno-31-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-33" name="__codelineno-31-33" href="#__codelineno-31-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-34" name="__codelineno-31-34" href="#__codelineno-31-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-35" name="__codelineno-31-35" href="#__codelineno-31-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-36" name="__codelineno-31-36" href="#__codelineno-31-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-37" name="__codelineno-31-37" href="#__codelineno-31-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-38" name="__codelineno-31-38" href="#__codelineno-31-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-39" name="__codelineno-31-39" href="#__codelineno-31-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-40" name="__codelineno-31-40" href="#__codelineno-31-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-41" name="__codelineno-31-41" href="#__codelineno-31-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-42" name="__codelineno-31-42" href="#__codelineno-31-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-43" name="__codelineno-31-43" href="#__codelineno-31-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-44" name="__codelineno-31-44" href="#__codelineno-31-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-45" name="__codelineno-31-45" href="#__codelineno-31-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-46" name="__codelineno-31-46" href="#__codelineno-31-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-47" name="__codelineno-31-47" href="#__codelineno-31-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-48" name="__codelineno-31-48" href="#__codelineno-31-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-49" name="__codelineno-31-49" href="#__codelineno-31-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-50" name="__codelineno-31-50" href="#__codelineno-31-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-51" name="__codelineno-31-51" href="#__codelineno-31-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-52" name="__codelineno-31-52" href="#__codelineno-31-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;队列为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-53" name="__codelineno-31-53" href="#__codelineno-31-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-54" name="__codelineno-31-54" href="#__codelineno-31-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-55" name="__codelineno-31-55" href="#__codelineno-31-55"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-56" name="__codelineno-31-56" href="#__codelineno-31-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Array */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-57" name="__codelineno-31-57" href="#__codelineno-31-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-58" name="__codelineno-31-58" href="#__codelineno-31-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-59" name="__codelineno-31-59" href="#__codelineno-31-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-60" name="__codelineno-31-60" href="#__codelineno-31-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-61" name="__codelineno-31-61" href="#__codelineno-31-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-62" name="__codelineno-31-62" href="#__codelineno-31-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-63" name="__codelineno-31-63" href="#__codelineno-31-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-64" name="__codelineno-31-64" href="#__codelineno-31-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-65" name="__codelineno-31-65" href="#__codelineno-31-65"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于储存队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capaCity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-25" name="__codelineno-32-25" href="#__codelineno-32-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-26" name="__codelineno-32-26" href="#__codelineno-32-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-27" name="__codelineno-32-27" href="#__codelineno-32-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-28" name="__codelineno-32-28" href="#__codelineno-32-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-29" name="__codelineno-32-29" href="#__codelineno-32-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capaCity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-30" name="__codelineno-32-30" href="#__codelineno-32-30"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-31" name="__codelineno-32-31" href="#__codelineno-32-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-32" name="__codelineno-32-32" href="#__codelineno-32-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-33" name="__codelineno-32-33" href="#__codelineno-32-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-34" name="__codelineno-32-34" href="#__codelineno-32-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capaCity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-35" name="__codelineno-32-35" href="#__codelineno-32-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-36" name="__codelineno-32-36" href="#__codelineno-32-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-37" name="__codelineno-32-37" href="#__codelineno-32-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-38" name="__codelineno-32-38" href="#__codelineno-32-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-39" name="__codelineno-32-39" href="#__codelineno-32-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-40" name="__codelineno-32-40" href="#__codelineno-32-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-41" name="__codelineno-32-41" href="#__codelineno-32-41"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-42" name="__codelineno-32-42" href="#__codelineno-32-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-43" name="__codelineno-32-43" href="#__codelineno-32-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-44" name="__codelineno-32-44" href="#__codelineno-32-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capaCity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-45" name="__codelineno-32-45" href="#__codelineno-32-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-46" name="__codelineno-32-46" href="#__codelineno-32-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-47" name="__codelineno-32-47" href="#__codelineno-32-47"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-48" name="__codelineno-32-48" href="#__codelineno-32-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-49" name="__codelineno-32-49" href="#__codelineno-32-49"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-50" name="__codelineno-32-50" href="#__codelineno-32-50"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-51" name="__codelineno-32-51" href="#__codelineno-32-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-52" name="__codelineno-32-52" href="#__codelineno-32-52"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-53" name="__codelineno-32-53" href="#__codelineno-32-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-54" name="__codelineno-32-54" href="#__codelineno-32-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-55" name="__codelineno-32-55" href="#__codelineno-32-55"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-56" name="__codelineno-32-56" href="#__codelineno-32-56"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-57" name="__codelineno-32-57" href="#__codelineno-32-57"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Array */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-58" name="__codelineno-32-58" href="#__codelineno-32-58"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-59" name="__codelineno-32-59" href="#__codelineno-32-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-60" name="__codelineno-32-60" href="#__codelineno-32-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-61" name="__codelineno-32-61" href="#__codelineno-32-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-62" name="__codelineno-32-62" href="#__codelineno-32-62"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capaCity</span><span class="p">()];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-63" name="__codelineno-32-63" href="#__codelineno-32-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-64" name="__codelineno-32-64" href="#__codelineno-32-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-65" name="__codelineno-32-65" href="#__codelineno-32-65"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-66" name="__codelineno-32-66" href="#__codelineno-32-66"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">front</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que_size</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que_capacity</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span>: <span class="nc">vec</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">],</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">front</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que_size</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que_capacity</span>: <span class="nc">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-20" name="__codelineno-33-20" href="#__codelineno-33-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-21" name="__codelineno-33-21" href="#__codelineno-33-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-22" name="__codelineno-33-22" href="#__codelineno-33-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_capacity</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-23" name="__codelineno-33-23" href="#__codelineno-33-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-24" name="__codelineno-33-24" href="#__codelineno-33-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-25" name="__codelineno-33-25" href="#__codelineno-33-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-26" name="__codelineno-33-26" href="#__codelineno-33-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-27" name="__codelineno-33-27" href="#__codelineno-33-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-28" name="__codelineno-33-28" href="#__codelineno-33-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-29" name="__codelineno-33-29" href="#__codelineno-33-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-30" name="__codelineno-33-30" href="#__codelineno-33-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-31" name="__codelineno-33-31" href="#__codelineno-33-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-32" name="__codelineno-33-32" href="#__codelineno-33-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-33" name="__codelineno-33-33" href="#__codelineno-33-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-34" name="__codelineno-33-34" href="#__codelineno-33-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-35" name="__codelineno-33-35" href="#__codelineno-33-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-36" name="__codelineno-33-36" href="#__codelineno-33-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-37" name="__codelineno-33-37" href="#__codelineno-33-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-38" name="__codelineno-33-38" href="#__codelineno-33-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列已满&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-39" name="__codelineno-33-39" href="#__codelineno-33-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-40" name="__codelineno-33-40" href="#__codelineno-33-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-41" name="__codelineno-33-41" href="#__codelineno-33-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-42" name="__codelineno-33-42" href="#__codelineno-33-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-43" name="__codelineno-33-43" href="#__codelineno-33-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-44" name="__codelineno-33-44" href="#__codelineno-33-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-45" name="__codelineno-33-45" href="#__codelineno-33-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-46" name="__codelineno-33-46" href="#__codelineno-33-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-47" name="__codelineno-33-47" href="#__codelineno-33-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-48" name="__codelineno-33-48" href="#__codelineno-33-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-49" name="__codelineno-33-49" href="#__codelineno-33-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-50" name="__codelineno-33-50" href="#__codelineno-33-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-51" name="__codelineno-33-51" href="#__codelineno-33-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-52" name="__codelineno-33-52" href="#__codelineno-33-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-53" name="__codelineno-33-53" href="#__codelineno-33-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-54" name="__codelineno-33-54" href="#__codelineno-33-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-55" name="__codelineno-33-55" href="#__codelineno-33-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-56" name="__codelineno-33-56" href="#__codelineno-33-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-57" name="__codelineno-33-57" href="#__codelineno-33-57"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-58" name="__codelineno-33-58" href="#__codelineno-33-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-59" name="__codelineno-33-59" href="#__codelineno-33-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-60" name="__codelineno-33-60" href="#__codelineno-33-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-61" name="__codelineno-33-61" href="#__codelineno-33-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;index out of bounds&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-62" name="__codelineno-33-62" href="#__codelineno-33-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-63" name="__codelineno-33-63" href="#__codelineno-33-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-64" name="__codelineno-33-64" href="#__codelineno-33-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-65" name="__codelineno-33-65" href="#__codelineno-33-65"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-66" name="__codelineno-33-66" href="#__codelineno-33-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-67" name="__codelineno-33-67" href="#__codelineno-33-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">to_vector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-68" name="__codelineno-33-68" href="#__codelineno-33-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-69" name="__codelineno-33-69" href="#__codelineno-33-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-70" name="__codelineno-33-70" href="#__codelineno-33-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-71" name="__codelineno-33-71" href="#__codelineno-33-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-72" name="__codelineno-33-72" href="#__codelineno-33-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-73" name="__codelineno-33-73" href="#__codelineno-33-73"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-74" name="__codelineno-33-74" href="#__codelineno-33-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-75" name="__codelineno-33-75" href="#__codelineno-33-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">arr</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-76" name="__codelineno-33-76" href="#__codelineno-33-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-77" name="__codelineno-33-77" href="#__codelineno-33-77"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 尾指针，指向队尾 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 析构函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-25" name="__codelineno-34-25" href="#__codelineno-34-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-26" name="__codelineno-34-26" href="#__codelineno-34-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-27" name="__codelineno-34-27" href="#__codelineno-34-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-28" name="__codelineno-34-28" href="#__codelineno-34-28"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-29" name="__codelineno-34-29" href="#__codelineno-34-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-30" name="__codelineno-34-30" href="#__codelineno-34-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-31" name="__codelineno-34-31" href="#__codelineno-34-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-32" name="__codelineno-34-32" href="#__codelineno-34-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-33" name="__codelineno-34-33" href="#__codelineno-34-33"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-34" name="__codelineno-34-34" href="#__codelineno-34-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-35" name="__codelineno-34-35" href="#__codelineno-34-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-36" name="__codelineno-34-36" href="#__codelineno-34-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-37" name="__codelineno-34-37" href="#__codelineno-34-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-38" name="__codelineno-34-38" href="#__codelineno-34-38"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-39" name="__codelineno-34-39" href="#__codelineno-34-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-40" name="__codelineno-34-40" href="#__codelineno-34-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-41" name="__codelineno-34-41" href="#__codelineno-34-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-42" name="__codelineno-34-42" href="#__codelineno-34-42"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-43" name="__codelineno-34-43" href="#__codelineno-34-43"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-44" name="__codelineno-34-44" href="#__codelineno-34-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-45" name="__codelineno-34-45" href="#__codelineno-34-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-46" name="__codelineno-34-46" href="#__codelineno-34-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-47" name="__codelineno-34-47" href="#__codelineno-34-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-48" name="__codelineno-34-48" href="#__codelineno-34-48"></a><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-49" name="__codelineno-34-49" href="#__codelineno-34-49"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-50" name="__codelineno-34-50" href="#__codelineno-34-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-51" name="__codelineno-34-51" href="#__codelineno-34-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列已满</span><span class="se">\r\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-52" name="__codelineno-34-52" href="#__codelineno-34-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-53" name="__codelineno-34-53" href="#__codelineno-34-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-54" name="__codelineno-34-54" href="#__codelineno-34-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 计算队尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-55" name="__codelineno-34-55" href="#__codelineno-34-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-56" name="__codelineno-34-56" href="#__codelineno-34-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-57" name="__codelineno-34-57" href="#__codelineno-34-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-58" name="__codelineno-34-58" href="#__codelineno-34-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-59" name="__codelineno-34-59" href="#__codelineno-34-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-60" name="__codelineno-34-60" href="#__codelineno-34-60"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-61" name="__codelineno-34-61" href="#__codelineno-34-61"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-62" name="__codelineno-34-62" href="#__codelineno-34-62"></a><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-63" name="__codelineno-34-63" href="#__codelineno-34-63"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-64" name="__codelineno-34-64" href="#__codelineno-34-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-65" name="__codelineno-34-65" href="#__codelineno-34-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-66" name="__codelineno-34-66" href="#__codelineno-34-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-67" name="__codelineno-34-67" href="#__codelineno-34-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-68" name="__codelineno-34-68" href="#__codelineno-34-68"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-69" name="__codelineno-34-69" href="#__codelineno-34-69"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-70" name="__codelineno-34-70" href="#__codelineno-34-70"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-71" name="__codelineno-34-71" href="#__codelineno-34-71"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">printArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-72" name="__codelineno-34-72" href="#__codelineno-34-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-73" name="__codelineno-34-73" href="#__codelineno-34-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 拷贝</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-74" name="__codelineno-34-74" href="#__codelineno-34-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-75" name="__codelineno-34-75" href="#__codelineno-34-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-76" name="__codelineno-34-76" href="#__codelineno-34-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-77" name="__codelineno-34-77" href="#__codelineno-34-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">printArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-78" name="__codelineno-34-78" href="#__codelineno-34-78"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 基于环形数组实现的队列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                          </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组     </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                                 </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                               </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                             </span><span class="c1">// 尾指针，指向队尾 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 内存分配器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 构造函数（分配内存+初始化数组）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-20" name="__codelineno-35-20" href="#__codelineno-35-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-21" name="__codelineno-35-21" href="#__codelineno-35-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-22" name="__codelineno-35-22" href="#__codelineno-35-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-23" name="__codelineno-35-23" href="#__codelineno-35-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-24" name="__codelineno-35-24" href="#__codelineno-35-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 析构函数（释放内存）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-25" name="__codelineno-35-25" href="#__codelineno-35-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-26" name="__codelineno-35-26" href="#__codelineno-35-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-27" name="__codelineno-35-27" href="#__codelineno-35-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-28" name="__codelineno-35-28" href="#__codelineno-35-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-29" name="__codelineno-35-29" href="#__codelineno-35-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-30" name="__codelineno-35-30" href="#__codelineno-35-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取队列的容量</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-31" name="__codelineno-35-31" href="#__codelineno-35-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-32" name="__codelineno-35-32" href="#__codelineno-35-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-33" name="__codelineno-35-33" href="#__codelineno-35-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-34" name="__codelineno-35-34" href="#__codelineno-35-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-35" name="__codelineno-35-35" href="#__codelineno-35-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取队列的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-36" name="__codelineno-35-36" href="#__codelineno-35-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-37" name="__codelineno-35-37" href="#__codelineno-35-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-38" name="__codelineno-35-38" href="#__codelineno-35-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-39" name="__codelineno-35-39" href="#__codelineno-35-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-40" name="__codelineno-35-40" href="#__codelineno-35-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断队列是否为空</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-41" name="__codelineno-35-41" href="#__codelineno-35-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-42" name="__codelineno-35-42" href="#__codelineno-35-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-43" name="__codelineno-35-43" href="#__codelineno-35-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-44" name="__codelineno-35-44" href="#__codelineno-35-44"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-45" name="__codelineno-35-45" href="#__codelineno-35-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-46" name="__codelineno-35-46" href="#__codelineno-35-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-47" name="__codelineno-35-47" href="#__codelineno-35-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-48" name="__codelineno-35-48" href="#__codelineno-35-48"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">debug</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列已满</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.{});</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-49" name="__codelineno-35-49" href="#__codelineno-35-49"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-50" name="__codelineno-35-50" href="#__codelineno-35-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-51" name="__codelineno-35-51" href="#__codelineno-35-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-52" name="__codelineno-35-52" href="#__codelineno-35-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-53" name="__codelineno-35-53" href="#__codelineno-35-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-54" name="__codelineno-35-54" href="#__codelineno-35-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 尾节点后添加 num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-55" name="__codelineno-35-55" href="#__codelineno-35-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-56" name="__codelineno-35-56" href="#__codelineno-35-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-57" name="__codelineno-35-57" href="#__codelineno-35-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-58" name="__codelineno-35-58" href="#__codelineno-35-58"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-59" name="__codelineno-35-59" href="#__codelineno-35-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-60" name="__codelineno-35-60" href="#__codelineno-35-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-61" name="__codelineno-35-61" href="#__codelineno-35-61"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-62" name="__codelineno-35-62" href="#__codelineno-35-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-63" name="__codelineno-35-63" href="#__codelineno-35-63"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-64" name="__codelineno-35-64" href="#__codelineno-35-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-65" name="__codelineno-35-65" href="#__codelineno-35-65"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-66" name="__codelineno-35-66" href="#__codelineno-35-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-67" name="__codelineno-35-67" href="#__codelineno-35-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-68" name="__codelineno-35-68" href="#__codelineno-35-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问队首元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-69" name="__codelineno-35-69" href="#__codelineno-35-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-70" name="__codelineno-35-70" href="#__codelineno-35-70"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;队列为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-71" name="__codelineno-35-71" href="#__codelineno-35-71"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-72" name="__codelineno-35-72" href="#__codelineno-35-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-73" name="__codelineno-35-73" href="#__codelineno-35-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-74" name="__codelineno-35-74" href="#__codelineno-35-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 返回数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-75" name="__codelineno-35-75" href="#__codelineno-35-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-76" name="__codelineno-35-76" href="#__codelineno-35-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-77" name="__codelineno-35-77" href="#__codelineno-35-77"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-78" name="__codelineno-35-78" href="#__codelineno-35-78"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-79" name="__codelineno-35-79" href="#__codelineno-35-79"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-80" name="__codelineno-35-80" href="#__codelineno-35-80"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-81" name="__codelineno-35-81" href="#__codelineno-35-81"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-82" name="__codelineno-35-82" href="#__codelineno-35-82"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-83" name="__codelineno-35-83" href="#__codelineno-35-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-84" name="__codelineno-35-84" href="#__codelineno-35-84"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-85" name="__codelineno-35-85" href="#__codelineno-35-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-86" name="__codelineno-35-86" href="#__codelineno-35-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-87" name="__codelineno-35-87" href="#__codelineno-35-87"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5508,7 +3912,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -5574,31 +3983,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
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+        
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
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+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+          <a href="../deque/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 5.3 &amp;nbsp; 双向队列" rel="next">
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
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+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+      </nav>
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   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -5608,14 +4034,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/index.html b/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/index.html
index c59f64142..0eac364db 100644
--- a/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/index.html
+++ b/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3702,727 +3722,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于链表实现的栈&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取栈的长度&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;判断栈是否为空&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;入栈&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>        <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;出栈&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a>        <span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-31" name="__codelineno-12-31" href="#__codelineno-12-31"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-32" name="__codelineno-12-32" href="#__codelineno-12-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问栈顶元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-33" name="__codelineno-12-33" href="#__codelineno-12-33"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-34" name="__codelineno-12-34" href="#__codelineno-12-34"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-35" name="__codelineno-12-35" href="#__codelineno-12-35"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-36" name="__codelineno-12-36" href="#__codelineno-12-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-37" name="__codelineno-12-37" href="#__codelineno-12-37"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-38" name="__codelineno-12-38" href="#__codelineno-12-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;转化为列表用于打印&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-39" name="__codelineno-12-39" href="#__codelineno-12-39"></a>        <span class="n">arr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-40" name="__codelineno-12-40" href="#__codelineno-12-40"></a>        <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__peek</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-41" name="__codelineno-12-41" href="#__codelineno-12-41"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-42" name="__codelineno-12-42" href="#__codelineno-12-42"></a>            <span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-43" name="__codelineno-12-43" href="#__codelineno-12-43"></a>            <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-44" name="__codelineno-12-44" href="#__codelineno-12-44"></a>        <span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reverse</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-45" name="__codelineno-12-45" href="#__codelineno-12-45"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">arr</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 遍历链表删除节点，释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">freeMemoryLinkedList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-35" name="__codelineno-13-35" href="#__codelineno-13-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-36" name="__codelineno-13-36" href="#__codelineno-13-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-37" name="__codelineno-13-37" href="#__codelineno-13-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-38" name="__codelineno-13-38" href="#__codelineno-13-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-39" name="__codelineno-13-39" href="#__codelineno-13-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-40" name="__codelineno-13-40" href="#__codelineno-13-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-41" name="__codelineno-13-41" href="#__codelineno-13-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-42" name="__codelineno-13-42" href="#__codelineno-13-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-43" name="__codelineno-13-43" href="#__codelineno-13-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-44" name="__codelineno-13-44" href="#__codelineno-13-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-45" name="__codelineno-13-45" href="#__codelineno-13-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-46" name="__codelineno-13-46" href="#__codelineno-13-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-47" name="__codelineno-13-47" href="#__codelineno-13-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-48" name="__codelineno-13-48" href="#__codelineno-13-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-49" name="__codelineno-13-49" href="#__codelineno-13-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-50" name="__codelineno-13-50" href="#__codelineno-13-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-51" name="__codelineno-13-51" href="#__codelineno-13-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-52" name="__codelineno-13-52" href="#__codelineno-13-52"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-53" name="__codelineno-13-53" href="#__codelineno-13-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-54" name="__codelineno-13-54" href="#__codelineno-13-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-55" name="__codelineno-13-55" href="#__codelineno-13-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackTop</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-56" name="__codelineno-13-56" href="#__codelineno-13-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-57" name="__codelineno-13-57" href="#__codelineno-13-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-58" name="__codelineno-13-58" href="#__codelineno-13-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-59" name="__codelineno-13-59" href="#__codelineno-13-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-60" name="__codelineno-13-60" href="#__codelineno-13-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-61" name="__codelineno-13-61" href="#__codelineno-13-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-62" name="__codelineno-13-62" href="#__codelineno-13-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-63" name="__codelineno-13-63" href="#__codelineno-13-63"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-34" name="__codelineno-14-34" href="#__codelineno-14-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-35" name="__codelineno-14-35" href="#__codelineno-14-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-36" name="__codelineno-14-36" href="#__codelineno-14-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-37" name="__codelineno-14-37" href="#__codelineno-14-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-38" name="__codelineno-14-38" href="#__codelineno-14-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-39" name="__codelineno-14-39" href="#__codelineno-14-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-40" name="__codelineno-14-40" href="#__codelineno-14-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-41" name="__codelineno-14-41" href="#__codelineno-14-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-42" name="__codelineno-14-42" href="#__codelineno-14-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-43" name="__codelineno-14-43" href="#__codelineno-14-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-44" name="__codelineno-14-44" href="#__codelineno-14-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-45" name="__codelineno-14-45" href="#__codelineno-14-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-46" name="__codelineno-14-46" href="#__codelineno-14-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-47" name="__codelineno-14-47" href="#__codelineno-14-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-48" name="__codelineno-14-48" href="#__codelineno-14-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-49" name="__codelineno-14-49" href="#__codelineno-14-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-50" name="__codelineno-14-50" href="#__codelineno-14-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-51" name="__codelineno-14-51" href="#__codelineno-14-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-52" name="__codelineno-14-52" href="#__codelineno-14-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-53" name="__codelineno-14-53" href="#__codelineno-14-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-34" name="__codelineno-15-34" href="#__codelineno-15-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-35" name="__codelineno-15-35" href="#__codelineno-15-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-36" name="__codelineno-15-36" href="#__codelineno-15-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-37" name="__codelineno-15-37" href="#__codelineno-15-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-38" name="__codelineno-15-38" href="#__codelineno-15-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-39" name="__codelineno-15-39" href="#__codelineno-15-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-40" name="__codelineno-15-40" href="#__codelineno-15-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-41" name="__codelineno-15-41" href="#__codelineno-15-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-42" name="__codelineno-15-42" href="#__codelineno-15-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-43" name="__codelineno-15-43" href="#__codelineno-15-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-44" name="__codelineno-15-44" href="#__codelineno-15-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-45" name="__codelineno-15-45" href="#__codelineno-15-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-46" name="__codelineno-15-46" href="#__codelineno-15-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Empty</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-47" name="__codelineno-15-47" href="#__codelineno-15-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-48" name="__codelineno-15-48" href="#__codelineno-15-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-49" name="__codelineno-15-49" href="#__codelineno-15-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-50" name="__codelineno-15-50" href="#__codelineno-15-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-51" name="__codelineno-15-51" href="#__codelineno-15-51"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-52" name="__codelineno-15-52" href="#__codelineno-15-52"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-53" name="__codelineno-15-53" href="#__codelineno-15-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-54" name="__codelineno-15-54" href="#__codelineno-15-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-55" name="__codelineno-15-55" href="#__codelineno-15-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-56" name="__codelineno-15-56" href="#__codelineno-15-56"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置包 list 来实现栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newLinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">New</span><span class="p">(),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Back</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Back</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-35" name="__codelineno-16-35" href="#__codelineno-16-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-36" name="__codelineno-16-36" href="#__codelineno-16-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-37" name="__codelineno-16-37" href="#__codelineno-16-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-38" name="__codelineno-16-38" href="#__codelineno-16-38"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-39" name="__codelineno-16-39" href="#__codelineno-16-39"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-40" name="__codelineno-16-40" href="#__codelineno-16-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-41" name="__codelineno-16-41" href="#__codelineno-16-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-42" name="__codelineno-16-42" href="#__codelineno-16-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-43" name="__codelineno-16-43" href="#__codelineno-16-43"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-44" name="__codelineno-16-44" href="#__codelineno-16-44"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-45" name="__codelineno-16-45" href="#__codelineno-16-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-46" name="__codelineno-16-46" href="#__codelineno-16-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-47" name="__codelineno-16-47" href="#__codelineno-16-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-48" name="__codelineno-16-48" href="#__codelineno-16-48"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 List 用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-49" name="__codelineno-16-49" href="#__codelineno-16-49"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-50" name="__codelineno-16-50" href="#__codelineno-16-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-51" name="__codelineno-16-51" href="#__codelineno-16-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">_peek</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">_size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>        <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">_peek</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>        <span class="n">_peek</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>    <span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>        <span class="n">_peek</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">_peek</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>        <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-34" name="__codelineno-17-34" href="#__codelineno-17-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-35" name="__codelineno-17-35" href="#__codelineno-17-35"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-36" name="__codelineno-17-36" href="#__codelineno-17-36"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-37" name="__codelineno-17-37" href="#__codelineno-17-37"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-38" name="__codelineno-17-38" href="#__codelineno-17-38"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-39" name="__codelineno-17-39" href="#__codelineno-17-39"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-40" name="__codelineno-17-40" href="#__codelineno-17-40"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">_peek</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-41" name="__codelineno-17-41" href="#__codelineno-17-41"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-42" name="__codelineno-17-42" href="#__codelineno-17-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-43" name="__codelineno-17-43" href="#__codelineno-17-43"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-44" name="__codelineno-17-44" href="#__codelineno-17-44"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-45" name="__codelineno-17-45" href="#__codelineno-17-45"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">_peek</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-46" name="__codelineno-17-46" href="#__codelineno-17-46"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-47" name="__codelineno-17-47" href="#__codelineno-17-47"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-48" name="__codelineno-17-48" href="#__codelineno-17-48"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-49" name="__codelineno-17-49" href="#__codelineno-17-49"></a>            <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-50" name="__codelineno-17-50" href="#__codelineno-17-50"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-51" name="__codelineno-17-51" href="#__codelineno-17-51"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-52" name="__codelineno-17-52" href="#__codelineno-17-52"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-53" name="__codelineno-17-53" href="#__codelineno-17-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-34" name="__codelineno-18-34" href="#__codelineno-18-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-35" name="__codelineno-18-35" href="#__codelineno-18-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-36" name="__codelineno-18-36" href="#__codelineno-18-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-37" name="__codelineno-18-37" href="#__codelineno-18-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-38" name="__codelineno-18-38" href="#__codelineno-18-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;栈为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-39" name="__codelineno-18-39" href="#__codelineno-18-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-40" name="__codelineno-18-40" href="#__codelineno-18-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-41" name="__codelineno-18-41" href="#__codelineno-18-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-42" name="__codelineno-18-42" href="#__codelineno-18-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-43" name="__codelineno-18-43" href="#__codelineno-18-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-44" name="__codelineno-18-44" href="#__codelineno-18-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-45" name="__codelineno-18-45" href="#__codelineno-18-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-46" name="__codelineno-18-46" href="#__codelineno-18-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-47" name="__codelineno-18-47" href="#__codelineno-18-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-48" name="__codelineno-18-48" href="#__codelineno-18-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-49" name="__codelineno-18-49" href="#__codelineno-18-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-50" name="__codelineno-18-50" href="#__codelineno-18-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-51" name="__codelineno-18-51" href="#__codelineno-18-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-52" name="__codelineno-18-52" href="#__codelineno-18-52"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;栈为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;栈为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表类实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_stkSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-40" name="__codelineno-20-40" href="#__codelineno-20-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-41" name="__codelineno-20-41" href="#__codelineno-20-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-42" name="__codelineno-20-42" href="#__codelineno-20-42"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-43" name="__codelineno-20-43" href="#__codelineno-20-43"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-44" name="__codelineno-20-44" href="#__codelineno-20-44"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 List 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-45" name="__codelineno-20-45" href="#__codelineno-20-45"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-46" name="__codelineno-20-46" href="#__codelineno-20-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stackPeek</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-47" name="__codelineno-20-47" href="#__codelineno-20-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-48" name="__codelineno-20-48" href="#__codelineno-20-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-49" name="__codelineno-20-49" href="#__codelineno-20-49"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-50" name="__codelineno-20-50" href="#__codelineno-20-50"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-51" name="__codelineno-20-51" href="#__codelineno-20-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-52" name="__codelineno-20-52" href="#__codelineno-20-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">reversed</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">toList</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-53" name="__codelineno-20-53" href="#__codelineno-20-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-54" name="__codelineno-20-54" href="#__codelineno-20-54"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-55" name="__codelineno-20-55" href="#__codelineno-20-55"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(dead_code)]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListStack</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">stack_peek</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">stk_size</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                                </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span>: <span class="nb">Copy</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">stack_peek</span>: <span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">stk_size</span>: <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_peek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_peek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">old_head</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">old_head</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">take</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_head</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-39" name="__codelineno-21-39" href="#__codelineno-21-39"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_head</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-40" name="__codelineno-21-40" href="#__codelineno-21-40"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-41" name="__codelineno-21-41" href="#__codelineno-21-41"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-42" name="__codelineno-21-42" href="#__codelineno-21-42"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-43" name="__codelineno-21-43" href="#__codelineno-21-43"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-44" name="__codelineno-21-44" href="#__codelineno-21-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-45" name="__codelineno-21-45" href="#__codelineno-21-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-46" name="__codelineno-21-46" href="#__codelineno-21-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">try_unwrap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">old_head</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">into_inner</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-47" name="__codelineno-21-47" href="#__codelineno-21-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">})</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-48" name="__codelineno-21-48" href="#__codelineno-21-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-49" name="__codelineno-21-49" href="#__codelineno-21-49"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-50" name="__codelineno-21-50" href="#__codelineno-21-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-51" name="__codelineno-21-51" href="#__codelineno-21-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-52" name="__codelineno-21-52" href="#__codelineno-21-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_peek</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-53" name="__codelineno-21-53" href="#__codelineno-21-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-54" name="__codelineno-21-54" href="#__codelineno-21-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-55" name="__codelineno-21-55" href="#__codelineno-21-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-56" name="__codelineno-21-56" href="#__codelineno-21-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-57" name="__codelineno-21-57" href="#__codelineno-21-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">head</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-58" name="__codelineno-21-58" href="#__codelineno-21-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-59" name="__codelineno-21-59" href="#__codelineno-21-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-60" name="__codelineno-21-60" href="#__codelineno-21-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-61" name="__codelineno-21-61" href="#__codelineno-21-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-62" name="__codelineno-21-62" href="#__codelineno-21-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-63" name="__codelineno-21-63" href="#__codelineno-21-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-64" name="__codelineno-21-64" href="#__codelineno-21-64"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newLinkedListStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 析构函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delLinkedListStack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-37" name="__codelineno-22-37" href="#__codelineno-22-37"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-38" name="__codelineno-22-38" href="#__codelineno-22-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-39" name="__codelineno-22-39" href="#__codelineno-22-39"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-40" name="__codelineno-22-40" href="#__codelineno-22-40"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-41" name="__codelineno-22-41" href="#__codelineno-22-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-42" name="__codelineno-22-42" href="#__codelineno-22-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-43" name="__codelineno-22-43" href="#__codelineno-22-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-44" name="__codelineno-22-44" href="#__codelineno-22-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-45" name="__codelineno-22-45" href="#__codelineno-22-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-46" name="__codelineno-22-46" href="#__codelineno-22-46"></a><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-47" name="__codelineno-22-47" href="#__codelineno-22-47"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-48" name="__codelineno-22-48" href="#__codelineno-22-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-49" name="__codelineno-22-49" href="#__codelineno-22-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-50" name="__codelineno-22-50" href="#__codelineno-22-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新新加节点指针域</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-51" name="__codelineno-22-51" href="#__codelineno-22-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 更新新加节点数据域</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-52" name="__codelineno-22-52" href="#__codelineno-22-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// 更新栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-53" name="__codelineno-22-53" href="#__codelineno-22-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 更新栈大小</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-54" name="__codelineno-22-54" href="#__codelineno-22-54"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-55" name="__codelineno-22-55" href="#__codelineno-22-55"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-56" name="__codelineno-22-56" href="#__codelineno-22-56"></a><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-57" name="__codelineno-22-57" href="#__codelineno-22-57"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-58" name="__codelineno-22-58" href="#__codelineno-22-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-59" name="__codelineno-22-59" href="#__codelineno-22-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;stack is empty.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-60" name="__codelineno-22-60" href="#__codelineno-22-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-61" name="__codelineno-22-61" href="#__codelineno-22-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-62" name="__codelineno-22-62" href="#__codelineno-22-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-63" name="__codelineno-22-63" href="#__codelineno-22-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-64" name="__codelineno-22-64" href="#__codelineno-22-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-65" name="__codelineno-22-65" href="#__codelineno-22-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-66" name="__codelineno-22-66" href="#__codelineno-22-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-67" name="__codelineno-22-67" href="#__codelineno-22-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-68" name="__codelineno-22-68" href="#__codelineno-22-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-69" name="__codelineno-22-69" href="#__codelineno-22-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-70" name="__codelineno-22-70" href="#__codelineno-22-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 基于链表实现的栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 将头节点作为栈顶</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">                             </span><span class="c1">// 栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 内存分配器</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 构造函数（分配内存+初始化栈）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 析构函数（释放内存）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-27" name="__codelineno-23-27" href="#__codelineno-23-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-28" name="__codelineno-23-28" href="#__codelineno-23-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-29" name="__codelineno-23-29" href="#__codelineno-23-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-30" name="__codelineno-23-30" href="#__codelineno-23-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-31" name="__codelineno-23-31" href="#__codelineno-23-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-32" name="__codelineno-23-32" href="#__codelineno-23-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断栈是否为空</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-33" name="__codelineno-23-33" href="#__codelineno-23-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-34" name="__codelineno-23-34" href="#__codelineno-23-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-35" name="__codelineno-23-35" href="#__codelineno-23-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-36" name="__codelineno-23-36" href="#__codelineno-23-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-37" name="__codelineno-23-37" href="#__codelineno-23-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问栈顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-38" name="__codelineno-23-38" href="#__codelineno-23-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-39" name="__codelineno-23-39" href="#__codelineno-23-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-40" name="__codelineno-23-40" href="#__codelineno-23-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-41" name="__codelineno-23-41" href="#__codelineno-23-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-42" name="__codelineno-23-42" href="#__codelineno-23-42"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-43" name="__codelineno-23-43" href="#__codelineno-23-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 入栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-44" name="__codelineno-23-44" href="#__codelineno-23-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-45" name="__codelineno-23-45" href="#__codelineno-23-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-46" name="__codelineno-23-46" href="#__codelineno-23-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-47" name="__codelineno-23-47" href="#__codelineno-23-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-48" name="__codelineno-23-48" href="#__codelineno-23-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-49" name="__codelineno-23-49" href="#__codelineno-23-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-50" name="__codelineno-23-50" href="#__codelineno-23-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-51" name="__codelineno-23-51" href="#__codelineno-23-51"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-52" name="__codelineno-23-52" href="#__codelineno-23-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 出栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-53" name="__codelineno-23-53" href="#__codelineno-23-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-54" name="__codelineno-23-54" href="#__codelineno-23-54"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-55" name="__codelineno-23-55" href="#__codelineno-23-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-56" name="__codelineno-23-56" href="#__codelineno-23-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stk_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-57" name="__codelineno-23-57" href="#__codelineno-23-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-58" name="__codelineno-23-58" href="#__codelineno-23-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-59" name="__codelineno-23-59" href="#__codelineno-23-59"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-60" name="__codelineno-23-60" href="#__codelineno-23-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 将栈转换为数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-61" name="__codelineno-23-61" href="#__codelineno-23-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-62" name="__codelineno-23-62" href="#__codelineno-23-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack_top</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-63" name="__codelineno-23-63" href="#__codelineno-23-63"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-64" name="__codelineno-23-64" href="#__codelineno-23-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">@memset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-65" name="__codelineno-23-65" href="#__codelineno-23-65"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-66" name="__codelineno-23-66" href="#__codelineno-23-66"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-67" name="__codelineno-23-67" href="#__codelineno-23-67"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-68" name="__codelineno-23-68" href="#__codelineno-23-68"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-69" name="__codelineno-23-69" href="#__codelineno-23-69"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-70" name="__codelineno-23-70" href="#__codelineno-23-70"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-71" name="__codelineno-23-71" href="#__codelineno-23-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-72" name="__codelineno-23-72" href="#__codelineno-23-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-73" name="__codelineno-23-73" href="#__codelineno-23-73"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_stack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">LinkedListStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4448,567 +3792,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;基于数组实现的栈&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取栈的长度&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;判断栈是否为空&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;入栈&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-20" name="__codelineno-24-20" href="#__codelineno-24-20"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-21" name="__codelineno-24-21" href="#__codelineno-24-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;出栈&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-22" name="__codelineno-24-22" href="#__codelineno-24-22"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-23" name="__codelineno-24-23" href="#__codelineno-24-23"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-24" name="__codelineno-24-24" href="#__codelineno-24-24"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-25" name="__codelineno-24-25" href="#__codelineno-24-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-26" name="__codelineno-24-26" href="#__codelineno-24-26"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-27" name="__codelineno-24-27" href="#__codelineno-24-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;访问栈顶元素&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-28" name="__codelineno-24-28" href="#__codelineno-24-28"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-29" name="__codelineno-24-29" href="#__codelineno-24-29"></a>            <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-30" name="__codelineno-24-30" href="#__codelineno-24-30"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-31" name="__codelineno-24-31" href="#__codelineno-24-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-32" name="__codelineno-24-32" href="#__codelineno-24-32"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-33" name="__codelineno-24-33" href="#__codelineno-24-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;返回列表用于打印&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-34" name="__codelineno-24-34" href="#__codelineno-24-34"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__stack</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">oldTop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">back</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Vector */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化列表（动态数组）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-23" name="__codelineno-26-23" href="#__codelineno-26-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-24" name="__codelineno-26-24" href="#__codelineno-26-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-25" name="__codelineno-26-25" href="#__codelineno-26-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-26" name="__codelineno-26-26" href="#__codelineno-26-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-27" name="__codelineno-26-27" href="#__codelineno-26-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-28" name="__codelineno-26-28" href="#__codelineno-26-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-29" name="__codelineno-26-29" href="#__codelineno-26-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-30" name="__codelineno-26-30" href="#__codelineno-26-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-31" name="__codelineno-26-31" href="#__codelineno-26-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-32" name="__codelineno-26-32" href="#__codelineno-26-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-33" name="__codelineno-26-33" href="#__codelineno-26-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-34" name="__codelineno-26-34" href="#__codelineno-26-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-35" name="__codelineno-26-35" href="#__codelineno-26-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-36" name="__codelineno-26-36" href="#__codelineno-26-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-37" name="__codelineno-26-37" href="#__codelineno-26-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-38" name="__codelineno-26-38" href="#__codelineno-26-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-39" name="__codelineno-26-39" href="#__codelineno-26-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-40" name="__codelineno-26-40" href="#__codelineno-26-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Object</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-41" name="__codelineno-26-41" href="#__codelineno-26-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">toArray</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-42" name="__codelineno-26-42" href="#__codelineno-26-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-43" name="__codelineno-26-43" href="#__codelineno-26-43"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 初始化列表（动态数组）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-25" name="__codelineno-27-25" href="#__codelineno-27-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-26" name="__codelineno-27-26" href="#__codelineno-27-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-27" name="__codelineno-27-27" href="#__codelineno-27-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-28" name="__codelineno-27-28" href="#__codelineno-27-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-29" name="__codelineno-27-29" href="#__codelineno-27-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-30" name="__codelineno-27-30" href="#__codelineno-27-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-31" name="__codelineno-27-31" href="#__codelineno-27-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-32" name="__codelineno-27-32" href="#__codelineno-27-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-33" name="__codelineno-27-33" href="#__codelineno-27-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-34" name="__codelineno-27-34" href="#__codelineno-27-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-35" name="__codelineno-27-35" href="#__codelineno-27-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-36" name="__codelineno-27-36" href="#__codelineno-27-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-37" name="__codelineno-27-37" href="#__codelineno-27-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-38" name="__codelineno-27-38" href="#__codelineno-27-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-39" name="__codelineno-27-39" href="#__codelineno-27-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-40" name="__codelineno-27-40" href="#__codelineno-27-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-41" name="__codelineno-27-41" href="#__codelineno-27-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-42" name="__codelineno-27-42" href="#__codelineno-27-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ToArray</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-43" name="__codelineno-27-43" href="#__codelineno-27-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-44" name="__codelineno-27-44" href="#__codelineno-27-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 数据</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 设置栈的长度为 0，容量为 16</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 切片会自动扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">v</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-35" name="__codelineno-28-35" href="#__codelineno-28-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-36" name="__codelineno-28-36" href="#__codelineno-28-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-37" name="__codelineno-28-37" href="#__codelineno-28-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-38" name="__codelineno-28-38" href="#__codelineno-28-38"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-39" name="__codelineno-28-39" href="#__codelineno-28-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-40" name="__codelineno-28-40" href="#__codelineno-28-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-41" name="__codelineno-28-41" href="#__codelineno-28-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-42" name="__codelineno-28-42" href="#__codelineno-28-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-43" name="__codelineno-28-43" href="#__codelineno-28-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-44" name="__codelineno-28-44" href="#__codelineno-28-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-45" name="__codelineno-28-45" href="#__codelineno-28-45"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-46" name="__codelineno-28-46" href="#__codelineno-28-46"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 Slice 用于打印 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-47" name="__codelineno-28-47" href="#__codelineno-28-47"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toSlice</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-48" name="__codelineno-28-48" href="#__codelineno-28-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-49" name="__codelineno-28-49" href="#__codelineno-28-49"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">arrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayStack</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">stack</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>        <span class="c1">// 初始化列表（动态数组）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>        <span class="n">stack</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>        <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>        <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a>        <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-24" name="__codelineno-29-24" href="#__codelineno-29-24"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-25" name="__codelineno-29-25" href="#__codelineno-29-25"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-26" name="__codelineno-29-26" href="#__codelineno-29-26"></a>    <span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-27" name="__codelineno-29-27" href="#__codelineno-29-27"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-28" name="__codelineno-29-28" href="#__codelineno-29-28"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-29" name="__codelineno-29-29" href="#__codelineno-29-29"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-30" name="__codelineno-29-30" href="#__codelineno-29-30"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-31" name="__codelineno-29-31" href="#__codelineno-29-31"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeLast</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-32" name="__codelineno-29-32" href="#__codelineno-29-32"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-33" name="__codelineno-29-33" href="#__codelineno-29-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-34" name="__codelineno-29-34" href="#__codelineno-29-34"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-35" name="__codelineno-29-35" href="#__codelineno-29-35"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-36" name="__codelineno-29-36" href="#__codelineno-29-36"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-37" name="__codelineno-29-37" href="#__codelineno-29-37"></a>            <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-38" name="__codelineno-29-38" href="#__codelineno-29-38"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-39" name="__codelineno-29-39" href="#__codelineno-29-39"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">last</span><span class="p">!</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-40" name="__codelineno-29-40" href="#__codelineno-29-40"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-41" name="__codelineno-29-41" href="#__codelineno-29-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-42" name="__codelineno-29-42" href="#__codelineno-29-42"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 将 List 转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-43" name="__codelineno-29-43" href="#__codelineno-29-43"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-44" name="__codelineno-29-44" href="#__codelineno-29-44"></a>        <span class="n">stack</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-45" name="__codelineno-29-45" href="#__codelineno-29-45"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-46" name="__codelineno-29-46" href="#__codelineno-29-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;栈为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-27" name="__codelineno-30-27" href="#__codelineno-30-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-28" name="__codelineno-30-28" href="#__codelineno-30-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-29" name="__codelineno-30-29" href="#__codelineno-30-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-30" name="__codelineno-30-30" href="#__codelineno-30-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">top</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-31" name="__codelineno-30-31" href="#__codelineno-30-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;栈为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-32" name="__codelineno-30-32" href="#__codelineno-30-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-33" name="__codelineno-30-33" href="#__codelineno-30-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-34" name="__codelineno-30-34" href="#__codelineno-30-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-35" name="__codelineno-30-35" href="#__codelineno-30-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Array */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-36" name="__codelineno-30-36" href="#__codelineno-30-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-37" name="__codelineno-30-37" href="#__codelineno-30-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-38" name="__codelineno-30-38" href="#__codelineno-30-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-39" name="__codelineno-30-39" href="#__codelineno-30-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;栈为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-27" name="__codelineno-31-27" href="#__codelineno-31-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-28" name="__codelineno-31-28" href="#__codelineno-31-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-29" name="__codelineno-31-29" href="#__codelineno-31-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-30" name="__codelineno-31-30" href="#__codelineno-31-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">top</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-31" name="__codelineno-31-31" href="#__codelineno-31-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;栈为空&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-32" name="__codelineno-31-32" href="#__codelineno-31-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-33" name="__codelineno-31-33" href="#__codelineno-31-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-34" name="__codelineno-31-34" href="#__codelineno-31-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-35" name="__codelineno-31-35" href="#__codelineno-31-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Array */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-36" name="__codelineno-31-36" href="#__codelineno-31-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-37" name="__codelineno-31-37" href="#__codelineno-31-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-38" name="__codelineno-31-38" href="#__codelineno-31-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-39" name="__codelineno-31-39" href="#__codelineno-31-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-25" name="__codelineno-32-25" href="#__codelineno-32-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-26" name="__codelineno-32-26" href="#__codelineno-32-26"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-27" name="__codelineno-32-27" href="#__codelineno-32-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-28" name="__codelineno-32-28" href="#__codelineno-32-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeLast</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-29" name="__codelineno-32-29" href="#__codelineno-32-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-30" name="__codelineno-32-30" href="#__codelineno-32-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-31" name="__codelineno-32-31" href="#__codelineno-32-31"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-32" name="__codelineno-32-32" href="#__codelineno-32-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-33" name="__codelineno-32-33" href="#__codelineno-32-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-34" name="__codelineno-32-34" href="#__codelineno-32-34"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-35" name="__codelineno-32-35" href="#__codelineno-32-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-36" name="__codelineno-32-36" href="#__codelineno-32-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-37" name="__codelineno-32-37" href="#__codelineno-32-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-38" name="__codelineno-32-38" href="#__codelineno-32-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-39" name="__codelineno-32-39" href="#__codelineno-32-39"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 将栈转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-40" name="__codelineno-32-40" href="#__codelineno-32-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_stack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-41" name="__codelineno-32-41" href="#__codelineno-32-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">stack</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 初始化栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">ArrayStack</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span>::<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stack</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">usize</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-20" name="__codelineno-33-20" href="#__codelineno-33-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-21" name="__codelineno-33-21" href="#__codelineno-33-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-22" name="__codelineno-33-22" href="#__codelineno-33-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-23" name="__codelineno-33-23" href="#__codelineno-33-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="nc">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-24" name="__codelineno-33-24" href="#__codelineno-33-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-25" name="__codelineno-33-25" href="#__codelineno-33-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-26" name="__codelineno-33-26" href="#__codelineno-33-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-27" name="__codelineno-33-27" href="#__codelineno-33-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-28" name="__codelineno-33-28" href="#__codelineno-33-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-29" name="__codelineno-33-29" href="#__codelineno-33-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-30" name="__codelineno-33-30" href="#__codelineno-33-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-31" name="__codelineno-33-31" href="#__codelineno-33-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-32" name="__codelineno-33-32" href="#__codelineno-33-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-33" name="__codelineno-33-33" href="#__codelineno-33-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-34" name="__codelineno-33-34" href="#__codelineno-33-34"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-35" name="__codelineno-33-35" href="#__codelineno-33-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-36" name="__codelineno-33-36" href="#__codelineno-33-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-37" name="__codelineno-33-37" href="#__codelineno-33-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-38" name="__codelineno-33-38" href="#__codelineno-33-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">last</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-39" name="__codelineno-33-39" href="#__codelineno-33-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-40" name="__codelineno-33-40" href="#__codelineno-33-40"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-41" name="__codelineno-33-41" href="#__codelineno-33-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 &amp;Vec */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-42" name="__codelineno-33-42" href="#__codelineno-33-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-43" name="__codelineno-33-43" href="#__codelineno-33-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-44" name="__codelineno-33-44" href="#__codelineno-33-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-45" name="__codelineno-33-45" href="#__codelineno-33-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于数组实现的栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newArrayStack</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个大容量，避免扩容</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_SIZE</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取栈的长度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断栈是否为空 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-25" name="__codelineno-34-25" href="#__codelineno-34-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-26" name="__codelineno-34-26" href="#__codelineno-34-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-27" name="__codelineno-34-27" href="#__codelineno-34-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-28" name="__codelineno-34-28" href="#__codelineno-34-28"></a><span class="cm">/* 入栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-29" name="__codelineno-34-29" href="#__codelineno-34-29"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-30" name="__codelineno-34-30" href="#__codelineno-34-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_SIZE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-31" name="__codelineno-34-31" href="#__codelineno-34-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;stack is full.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-32" name="__codelineno-34-32" href="#__codelineno-34-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-33" name="__codelineno-34-33" href="#__codelineno-34-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-34" name="__codelineno-34-34" href="#__codelineno-34-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-35" name="__codelineno-34-35" href="#__codelineno-34-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-36" name="__codelineno-34-36" href="#__codelineno-34-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-37" name="__codelineno-34-37" href="#__codelineno-34-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-38" name="__codelineno-34-38" href="#__codelineno-34-38"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问栈顶元素 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-39" name="__codelineno-34-39" href="#__codelineno-34-39"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-40" name="__codelineno-34-40" href="#__codelineno-34-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-41" name="__codelineno-34-41" href="#__codelineno-34-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;stack is empty.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-42" name="__codelineno-34-42" href="#__codelineno-34-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-43" name="__codelineno-34-43" href="#__codelineno-34-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-44" name="__codelineno-34-44" href="#__codelineno-34-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-45" name="__codelineno-34-45" href="#__codelineno-34-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-46" name="__codelineno-34-46" href="#__codelineno-34-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-47" name="__codelineno-34-47" href="#__codelineno-34-47"></a><span class="cm">/* 出栈 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-48" name="__codelineno-34-48" href="#__codelineno-34-48"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-49" name="__codelineno-34-49" href="#__codelineno-34-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-50" name="__codelineno-34-50" href="#__codelineno-34-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;stack is empty.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-51" name="__codelineno-34-51" href="#__codelineno-34-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-52" name="__codelineno-34-52" href="#__codelineno-34-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-53" name="__codelineno-34-53" href="#__codelineno-34-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-54" name="__codelineno-34-54" href="#__codelineno-34-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-55" name="__codelineno-34-55" href="#__codelineno-34-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-56" name="__codelineno-34-56" href="#__codelineno-34-56"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 基于数组实现的栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">     </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 构造方法（分配内存+初始化栈）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 析构方法（释放内存）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-20" name="__codelineno-35-20" href="#__codelineno-35-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-21" name="__codelineno-35-21" href="#__codelineno-35-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取栈的长度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-22" name="__codelineno-35-22" href="#__codelineno-35-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-23" name="__codelineno-35-23" href="#__codelineno-35-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-24" name="__codelineno-35-24" href="#__codelineno-35-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-25" name="__codelineno-35-25" href="#__codelineno-35-25"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-26" name="__codelineno-35-26" href="#__codelineno-35-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 判断栈是否为空</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-27" name="__codelineno-35-27" href="#__codelineno-35-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-28" name="__codelineno-35-28" href="#__codelineno-35-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-29" name="__codelineno-35-29" href="#__codelineno-35-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-30" name="__codelineno-35-30" href="#__codelineno-35-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-31" name="__codelineno-35-31" href="#__codelineno-35-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问栈顶元素</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-32" name="__codelineno-35-32" href="#__codelineno-35-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-33" name="__codelineno-35-33" href="#__codelineno-35-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;栈为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-34" name="__codelineno-35-34" href="#__codelineno-35-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-35" name="__codelineno-35-35" href="#__codelineno-35-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">  </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-36" name="__codelineno-35-36" href="#__codelineno-35-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-37" name="__codelineno-35-37" href="#__codelineno-35-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 入栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-38" name="__codelineno-35-38" href="#__codelineno-35-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-39" name="__codelineno-35-39" href="#__codelineno-35-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-40" name="__codelineno-35-40" href="#__codelineno-35-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-41" name="__codelineno-35-41" href="#__codelineno-35-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-42" name="__codelineno-35-42" href="#__codelineno-35-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 出栈</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-43" name="__codelineno-35-43" href="#__codelineno-35-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-44" name="__codelineno-35-44" href="#__codelineno-35-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-45" name="__codelineno-35-45" href="#__codelineno-35-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-46" name="__codelineno-35-46" href="#__codelineno-35-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-47" name="__codelineno-35-47" href="#__codelineno-35-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-48" name="__codelineno-35-48" href="#__codelineno-35-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 返回 ArrayList</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-49" name="__codelineno-35-49" href="#__codelineno-35-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-50" name="__codelineno-35-50" href="#__codelineno-35-50"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-51" name="__codelineno-35-51" href="#__codelineno-35-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-52" name="__codelineno-35-52" href="#__codelineno-35-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-53" name="__codelineno-35-53" href="#__codelineno-35-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_stack.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayStack</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5100,7 +3928,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
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@@ -3407,7 +3427,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -3473,31 +3498,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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+                下一页
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
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+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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diff --git a/chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/index.html b/chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/index.html
index 2d1518352..8a193a2b6 100644
--- a/chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/index.html
+++ b/chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
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+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
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@@ -3430,991 +3450,47 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;数组表示下的二叉树类&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;构造方法&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__tree</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;节点数量&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__tree</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取索引为 i 节点的值&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>        <span class="c1"># 若索引越界，则返回 None ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">():</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__tree</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-31" name="__codelineno-12-31" href="#__codelineno-12-31"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">level_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-32" name="__codelineno-12-32" href="#__codelineno-12-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;层序遍历&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-33" name="__codelineno-12-33" href="#__codelineno-12-33"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-34" name="__codelineno-12-34" href="#__codelineno-12-34"></a>        <span class="c1"># 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-35" name="__codelineno-12-35" href="#__codelineno-12-35"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-36" name="__codelineno-12-36" href="#__codelineno-12-36"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-37" name="__codelineno-12-37" href="#__codelineno-12-37"></a>                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-38" name="__codelineno-12-38" href="#__codelineno-12-38"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-39" name="__codelineno-12-39" href="#__codelineno-12-39"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-40" name="__codelineno-12-40" href="#__codelineno-12-40"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-41" name="__codelineno-12-41" href="#__codelineno-12-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;深度优先遍历&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-42" name="__codelineno-12-42" href="#__codelineno-12-42"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-43" name="__codelineno-12-43" href="#__codelineno-12-43"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-44" name="__codelineno-12-44" href="#__codelineno-12-44"></a>        <span class="c1"># 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-45" name="__codelineno-12-45" href="#__codelineno-12-45"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">order</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-46" name="__codelineno-12-46" href="#__codelineno-12-46"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-47" name="__codelineno-12-47" href="#__codelineno-12-47"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-48" name="__codelineno-12-48" href="#__codelineno-12-48"></a>        <span class="c1"># 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-49" name="__codelineno-12-49" href="#__codelineno-12-49"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">order</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-50" name="__codelineno-12-50" href="#__codelineno-12-50"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-51" name="__codelineno-12-51" href="#__codelineno-12-51"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-52" name="__codelineno-12-52" href="#__codelineno-12-52"></a>        <span class="c1"># 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-53" name="__codelineno-12-53" href="#__codelineno-12-53"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">order</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-54" name="__codelineno-12-54" href="#__codelineno-12-54"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-55" name="__codelineno-12-55" href="#__codelineno-12-55"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-56" name="__codelineno-12-56" href="#__codelineno-12-56"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-57" name="__codelineno-12-57" href="#__codelineno-12-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;前序遍历&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-58" name="__codelineno-12-58" href="#__codelineno-12-58"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-59" name="__codelineno-12-59" href="#__codelineno-12-59"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-60" name="__codelineno-12-60" href="#__codelineno-12-60"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-61" name="__codelineno-12-61" href="#__codelineno-12-61"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-62" name="__codelineno-12-62" href="#__codelineno-12-62"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-63" name="__codelineno-12-63" href="#__codelineno-12-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;中序遍历&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-64" name="__codelineno-12-64" href="#__codelineno-12-64"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-65" name="__codelineno-12-65" href="#__codelineno-12-65"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-66" name="__codelineno-12-66" href="#__codelineno-12-66"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-67" name="__codelineno-12-67" href="#__codelineno-12-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-68" name="__codelineno-12-68" href="#__codelineno-12-68"></a>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-69" name="__codelineno-12-69" href="#__codelineno-12-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;后序遍历&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-70" name="__codelineno-12-70" href="#__codelineno-12-70"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-71" name="__codelineno-12-71" href="#__codelineno-12-71"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-72" name="__codelineno-12-72" href="#__codelineno-12-72"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 INT_MAX ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-35" name="__codelineno-13-35" href="#__codelineno-13-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-36" name="__codelineno-13-36" href="#__codelineno-13-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-37" name="__codelineno-13-37" href="#__codelineno-13-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-38" name="__codelineno-13-38" href="#__codelineno-13-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-39" name="__codelineno-13-39" href="#__codelineno-13-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-40" name="__codelineno-13-40" href="#__codelineno-13-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-41" name="__codelineno-13-41" href="#__codelineno-13-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-42" name="__codelineno-13-42" href="#__codelineno-13-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-43" name="__codelineno-13-43" href="#__codelineno-13-43"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-44" name="__codelineno-13-44" href="#__codelineno-13-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-45" name="__codelineno-13-45" href="#__codelineno-13-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-46" name="__codelineno-13-46" href="#__codelineno-13-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-47" name="__codelineno-13-47" href="#__codelineno-13-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-48" name="__codelineno-13-48" href="#__codelineno-13-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-49" name="__codelineno-13-49" href="#__codelineno-13-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-50" name="__codelineno-13-50" href="#__codelineno-13-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-51" name="__codelineno-13-51" href="#__codelineno-13-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-52" name="__codelineno-13-52" href="#__codelineno-13-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-53" name="__codelineno-13-53" href="#__codelineno-13-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-54" name="__codelineno-13-54" href="#__codelineno-13-54"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-55" name="__codelineno-13-55" href="#__codelineno-13-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-56" name="__codelineno-13-56" href="#__codelineno-13-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-57" name="__codelineno-13-57" href="#__codelineno-13-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-58" name="__codelineno-13-58" href="#__codelineno-13-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-59" name="__codelineno-13-59" href="#__codelineno-13-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-60" name="__codelineno-13-60" href="#__codelineno-13-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-61" name="__codelineno-13-61" href="#__codelineno-13-61"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-62" name="__codelineno-13-62" href="#__codelineno-13-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-63" name="__codelineno-13-63" href="#__codelineno-13-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-64" name="__codelineno-13-64" href="#__codelineno-13-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-65" name="__codelineno-13-65" href="#__codelineno-13-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-66" name="__codelineno-13-66" href="#__codelineno-13-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-67" name="__codelineno-13-67" href="#__codelineno-13-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-68" name="__codelineno-13-68" href="#__codelineno-13-68"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-69" name="__codelineno-13-69" href="#__codelineno-13-69"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-70" name="__codelineno-13-70" href="#__codelineno-13-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-71" name="__codelineno-13-71" href="#__codelineno-13-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-72" name="__codelineno-13-72" href="#__codelineno-13-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-73" name="__codelineno-13-73" href="#__codelineno-13-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-74" name="__codelineno-13-74" href="#__codelineno-13-74"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若为空位，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-75" name="__codelineno-13-75" href="#__codelineno-13-75"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-76" name="__codelineno-13-76" href="#__codelineno-13-76"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-77" name="__codelineno-13-77" href="#__codelineno-13-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-78" name="__codelineno-13-78" href="#__codelineno-13-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-79" name="__codelineno-13-79" href="#__codelineno-13-79"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-80" name="__codelineno-13-80" href="#__codelineno-13-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-81" name="__codelineno-13-81" href="#__codelineno-13-81"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-82" name="__codelineno-13-82" href="#__codelineno-13-82"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-83" name="__codelineno-13-83" href="#__codelineno-13-83"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-84" name="__codelineno-13-84" href="#__codelineno-13-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-85" name="__codelineno-13-85" href="#__codelineno-13-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-86" name="__codelineno-13-86" href="#__codelineno-13-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-87" name="__codelineno-13-87" href="#__codelineno-13-87"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-88" name="__codelineno-13-88" href="#__codelineno-13-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-89" name="__codelineno-13-89" href="#__codelineno-13-89"></a><span class="p">};</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 null ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-34" name="__codelineno-14-34" href="#__codelineno-14-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-35" name="__codelineno-14-35" href="#__codelineno-14-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-36" name="__codelineno-14-36" href="#__codelineno-14-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-37" name="__codelineno-14-37" href="#__codelineno-14-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-38" name="__codelineno-14-38" href="#__codelineno-14-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-39" name="__codelineno-14-39" href="#__codelineno-14-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-40" name="__codelineno-14-40" href="#__codelineno-14-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-41" name="__codelineno-14-41" href="#__codelineno-14-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-42" name="__codelineno-14-42" href="#__codelineno-14-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-43" name="__codelineno-14-43" href="#__codelineno-14-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-44" name="__codelineno-14-44" href="#__codelineno-14-44"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-45" name="__codelineno-14-45" href="#__codelineno-14-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-46" name="__codelineno-14-46" href="#__codelineno-14-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-47" name="__codelineno-14-47" href="#__codelineno-14-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-48" name="__codelineno-14-48" href="#__codelineno-14-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-49" name="__codelineno-14-49" href="#__codelineno-14-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-50" name="__codelineno-14-50" href="#__codelineno-14-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-51" name="__codelineno-14-51" href="#__codelineno-14-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若为空位，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-52" name="__codelineno-14-52" href="#__codelineno-14-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-53" name="__codelineno-14-53" href="#__codelineno-14-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-54" name="__codelineno-14-54" href="#__codelineno-14-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-55" name="__codelineno-14-55" href="#__codelineno-14-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-56" name="__codelineno-14-56" href="#__codelineno-14-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-57" name="__codelineno-14-57" href="#__codelineno-14-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-58" name="__codelineno-14-58" href="#__codelineno-14-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-59" name="__codelineno-14-59" href="#__codelineno-14-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-60" name="__codelineno-14-60" href="#__codelineno-14-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-61" name="__codelineno-14-61" href="#__codelineno-14-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-62" name="__codelineno-14-62" href="#__codelineno-14-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-63" name="__codelineno-14-63" href="#__codelineno-14-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-64" name="__codelineno-14-64" href="#__codelineno-14-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-65" name="__codelineno-14-65" href="#__codelineno-14-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-66" name="__codelineno-14-66" href="#__codelineno-14-66"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-67" name="__codelineno-14-67" href="#__codelineno-14-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-68" name="__codelineno-14-68" href="#__codelineno-14-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-69" name="__codelineno-14-69" href="#__codelineno-14-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-70" name="__codelineno-14-70" href="#__codelineno-14-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-71" name="__codelineno-14-71" href="#__codelineno-14-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-72" name="__codelineno-14-72" href="#__codelineno-14-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-73" name="__codelineno-14-73" href="#__codelineno-14-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-74" name="__codelineno-14-74" href="#__codelineno-14-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-75" name="__codelineno-14-75" href="#__codelineno-14-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-76" name="__codelineno-14-76" href="#__codelineno-14-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-77" name="__codelineno-14-77" href="#__codelineno-14-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-78" name="__codelineno-14-78" href="#__codelineno-14-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-79" name="__codelineno-14-79" href="#__codelineno-14-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-80" name="__codelineno-14-80" href="#__codelineno-14-80"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-81" name="__codelineno-14-81" href="#__codelineno-14-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-82" name="__codelineno-14-82" href="#__codelineno-14-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-83" name="__codelineno-14-83" href="#__codelineno-14-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-84" name="__codelineno-14-84" href="#__codelineno-14-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-85" name="__codelineno-14-85" href="#__codelineno-14-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-86" name="__codelineno-14-86" href="#__codelineno-14-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-87" name="__codelineno-14-87" href="#__codelineno-14-87"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int?</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int?</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int?</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 null ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-34" name="__codelineno-15-34" href="#__codelineno-15-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-35" name="__codelineno-15-35" href="#__codelineno-15-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-36" name="__codelineno-15-36" href="#__codelineno-15-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-37" name="__codelineno-15-37" href="#__codelineno-15-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-38" name="__codelineno-15-38" href="#__codelineno-15-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-39" name="__codelineno-15-39" href="#__codelineno-15-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-40" name="__codelineno-15-40" href="#__codelineno-15-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-41" name="__codelineno-15-41" href="#__codelineno-15-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-42" name="__codelineno-15-42" href="#__codelineno-15-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-43" name="__codelineno-15-43" href="#__codelineno-15-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">HasValue</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-44" name="__codelineno-15-44" href="#__codelineno-15-44"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">Value</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-45" name="__codelineno-15-45" href="#__codelineno-15-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-46" name="__codelineno-15-46" href="#__codelineno-15-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-47" name="__codelineno-15-47" href="#__codelineno-15-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-48" name="__codelineno-15-48" href="#__codelineno-15-48"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-49" name="__codelineno-15-49" href="#__codelineno-15-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-50" name="__codelineno-15-50" href="#__codelineno-15-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-51" name="__codelineno-15-51" href="#__codelineno-15-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若为空位，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-52" name="__codelineno-15-52" href="#__codelineno-15-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">HasValue</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-53" name="__codelineno-15-53" href="#__codelineno-15-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-54" name="__codelineno-15-54" href="#__codelineno-15-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-55" name="__codelineno-15-55" href="#__codelineno-15-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-56" name="__codelineno-15-56" href="#__codelineno-15-56"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">Value</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-57" name="__codelineno-15-57" href="#__codelineno-15-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-58" name="__codelineno-15-58" href="#__codelineno-15-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-59" name="__codelineno-15-59" href="#__codelineno-15-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-60" name="__codelineno-15-60" href="#__codelineno-15-60"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">Value</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-61" name="__codelineno-15-61" href="#__codelineno-15-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-62" name="__codelineno-15-62" href="#__codelineno-15-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-63" name="__codelineno-15-63" href="#__codelineno-15-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-64" name="__codelineno-15-64" href="#__codelineno-15-64"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">Value</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-65" name="__codelineno-15-65" href="#__codelineno-15-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-66" name="__codelineno-15-66" href="#__codelineno-15-66"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-67" name="__codelineno-15-67" href="#__codelineno-15-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-68" name="__codelineno-15-68" href="#__codelineno-15-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-69" name="__codelineno-15-69" href="#__codelineno-15-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-70" name="__codelineno-15-70" href="#__codelineno-15-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-71" name="__codelineno-15-71" href="#__codelineno-15-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-72" name="__codelineno-15-72" href="#__codelineno-15-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-73" name="__codelineno-15-73" href="#__codelineno-15-73"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-74" name="__codelineno-15-74" href="#__codelineno-15-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-75" name="__codelineno-15-75" href="#__codelineno-15-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-76" name="__codelineno-15-76" href="#__codelineno-15-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-77" name="__codelineno-15-77" href="#__codelineno-15-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-78" name="__codelineno-15-78" href="#__codelineno-15-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-79" name="__codelineno-15-79" href="#__codelineno-15-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-80" name="__codelineno-15-80" href="#__codelineno-15-80"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-81" name="__codelineno-15-81" href="#__codelineno-15-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-82" name="__codelineno-15-82" href="#__codelineno-15-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-83" name="__codelineno-15-83" href="#__codelineno-15-83"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-84" name="__codelineno-15-84" href="#__codelineno-15-84"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-85" name="__codelineno-15-85" href="#__codelineno-15-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-86" name="__codelineno-15-86" href="#__codelineno-15-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-87" name="__codelineno-15-87" href="#__codelineno-15-87"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 null ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-33" name="__codelineno-16-33" href="#__codelineno-16-33"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-34" name="__codelineno-16-34" href="#__codelineno-16-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-35" name="__codelineno-16-35" href="#__codelineno-16-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-36" name="__codelineno-16-36" href="#__codelineno-16-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-37" name="__codelineno-16-37" href="#__codelineno-16-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-38" name="__codelineno-16-38" href="#__codelineno-16-38"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-39" name="__codelineno-16-39" href="#__codelineno-16-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-40" name="__codelineno-16-40" href="#__codelineno-16-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-41" name="__codelineno-16-41" href="#__codelineno-16-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-42" name="__codelineno-16-42" href="#__codelineno-16-42"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-43" name="__codelineno-16-43" href="#__codelineno-16-43"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-44" name="__codelineno-16-44" href="#__codelineno-16-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-45" name="__codelineno-16-45" href="#__codelineno-16-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-46" name="__codelineno-16-46" href="#__codelineno-16-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-47" name="__codelineno-16-47" href="#__codelineno-16-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-48" name="__codelineno-16-48" href="#__codelineno-16-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-49" name="__codelineno-16-49" href="#__codelineno-16-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-50" name="__codelineno-16-50" href="#__codelineno-16-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-51" name="__codelineno-16-51" href="#__codelineno-16-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-52" name="__codelineno-16-52" href="#__codelineno-16-52"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-53" name="__codelineno-16-53" href="#__codelineno-16-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-54" name="__codelineno-16-54" href="#__codelineno-16-54"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-55" name="__codelineno-16-55" href="#__codelineno-16-55"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-56" name="__codelineno-16-56" href="#__codelineno-16-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为空位，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-57" name="__codelineno-16-57" href="#__codelineno-16-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-58" name="__codelineno-16-58" href="#__codelineno-16-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-59" name="__codelineno-16-59" href="#__codelineno-16-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-60" name="__codelineno-16-60" href="#__codelineno-16-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-61" name="__codelineno-16-61" href="#__codelineno-16-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-62" name="__codelineno-16-62" href="#__codelineno-16-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-63" name="__codelineno-16-63" href="#__codelineno-16-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-64" name="__codelineno-16-64" href="#__codelineno-16-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-65" name="__codelineno-16-65" href="#__codelineno-16-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-66" name="__codelineno-16-66" href="#__codelineno-16-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-67" name="__codelineno-16-67" href="#__codelineno-16-67"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-68" name="__codelineno-16-68" href="#__codelineno-16-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-69" name="__codelineno-16-69" href="#__codelineno-16-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-70" name="__codelineno-16-70" href="#__codelineno-16-70"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-71" name="__codelineno-16-71" href="#__codelineno-16-71"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-72" name="__codelineno-16-72" href="#__codelineno-16-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-73" name="__codelineno-16-73" href="#__codelineno-16-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-74" name="__codelineno-16-74" href="#__codelineno-16-74"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-75" name="__codelineno-16-75" href="#__codelineno-16-75"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-76" name="__codelineno-16-76" href="#__codelineno-16-76"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-77" name="__codelineno-16-77" href="#__codelineno-16-77"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-78" name="__codelineno-16-78" href="#__codelineno-16-78"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-79" name="__codelineno-16-79" href="#__codelineno-16-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-80" name="__codelineno-16-80" href="#__codelineno-16-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-81" name="__codelineno-16-81" href="#__codelineno-16-81"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-82" name="__codelineno-16-82" href="#__codelineno-16-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-83" name="__codelineno-16-83" href="#__codelineno-16-83"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-84" name="__codelineno-16-84" href="#__codelineno-16-84"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-85" name="__codelineno-16-85" href="#__codelineno-16-85"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-86" name="__codelineno-16-86" href="#__codelineno-16-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-87" name="__codelineno-16-87" href="#__codelineno-16-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-88" name="__codelineno-16-88" href="#__codelineno-16-88"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-89" name="__codelineno-16-89" href="#__codelineno-16-89"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-90" name="__codelineno-16-90" href="#__codelineno-16-90"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-91" name="__codelineno-16-91" href="#__codelineno-16-91"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-92" name="__codelineno-16-92" href="#__codelineno-16-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-93" name="__codelineno-16-93" href="#__codelineno-16-93"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">abt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-94" name="__codelineno-16-94" href="#__codelineno-16-94"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-95" name="__codelineno-16-95" href="#__codelineno-16-95"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayBinaryTree</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">tree</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">?]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">?])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>        <span class="n">tree</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">arr</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>        <span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 null ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>        <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>        <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-34" name="__codelineno-17-34" href="#__codelineno-17-34"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-35" name="__codelineno-17-35" href="#__codelineno-17-35"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-36" name="__codelineno-17-36" href="#__codelineno-17-36"></a>        <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-37" name="__codelineno-17-37" href="#__codelineno-17-37"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-38" name="__codelineno-17-38" href="#__codelineno-17-38"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-39" name="__codelineno-17-39" href="#__codelineno-17-39"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-40" name="__codelineno-17-40" href="#__codelineno-17-40"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-41" name="__codelineno-17-41" href="#__codelineno-17-41"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-42" name="__codelineno-17-42" href="#__codelineno-17-42"></a>        <span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-43" name="__codelineno-17-43" href="#__codelineno-17-43"></a>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-44" name="__codelineno-17-44" href="#__codelineno-17-44"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-45" name="__codelineno-17-45" href="#__codelineno-17-45"></a>                <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-46" name="__codelineno-17-46" href="#__codelineno-17-46"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-47" name="__codelineno-17-47" href="#__codelineno-17-47"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-48" name="__codelineno-17-48" href="#__codelineno-17-48"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-49" name="__codelineno-17-49" href="#__codelineno-17-49"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-50" name="__codelineno-17-50" href="#__codelineno-17-50"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-51" name="__codelineno-17-51" href="#__codelineno-17-51"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-52" name="__codelineno-17-52" href="#__codelineno-17-52"></a>    <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-53" name="__codelineno-17-53" href="#__codelineno-17-53"></a>        <span class="c1">// 若为空位，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-54" name="__codelineno-17-54" href="#__codelineno-17-54"></a>        <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-55" name="__codelineno-17-55" href="#__codelineno-17-55"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-56" name="__codelineno-17-56" href="#__codelineno-17-56"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-57" name="__codelineno-17-57" href="#__codelineno-17-57"></a>        <span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-58" name="__codelineno-17-58" href="#__codelineno-17-58"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">order</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-59" name="__codelineno-17-59" href="#__codelineno-17-59"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-60" name="__codelineno-17-60" href="#__codelineno-17-60"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-61" name="__codelineno-17-61" href="#__codelineno-17-61"></a>        <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-62" name="__codelineno-17-62" href="#__codelineno-17-62"></a>        <span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-63" name="__codelineno-17-63" href="#__codelineno-17-63"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">order</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-64" name="__codelineno-17-64" href="#__codelineno-17-64"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-65" name="__codelineno-17-65" href="#__codelineno-17-65"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-66" name="__codelineno-17-66" href="#__codelineno-17-66"></a>        <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-67" name="__codelineno-17-67" href="#__codelineno-17-67"></a>        <span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-68" name="__codelineno-17-68" href="#__codelineno-17-68"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">order</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-69" name="__codelineno-17-69" href="#__codelineno-17-69"></a>            <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-70" name="__codelineno-17-70" href="#__codelineno-17-70"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-71" name="__codelineno-17-71" href="#__codelineno-17-71"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-72" name="__codelineno-17-72" href="#__codelineno-17-72"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-73" name="__codelineno-17-73" href="#__codelineno-17-73"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-74" name="__codelineno-17-74" href="#__codelineno-17-74"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-75" name="__codelineno-17-75" href="#__codelineno-17-75"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-76" name="__codelineno-17-76" href="#__codelineno-17-76"></a>        <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-77" name="__codelineno-17-77" href="#__codelineno-17-77"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-78" name="__codelineno-17-78" href="#__codelineno-17-78"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-79" name="__codelineno-17-79" href="#__codelineno-17-79"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-80" name="__codelineno-17-80" href="#__codelineno-17-80"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-81" name="__codelineno-17-81" href="#__codelineno-17-81"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-82" name="__codelineno-17-82" href="#__codelineno-17-82"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-83" name="__codelineno-17-83" href="#__codelineno-17-83"></a>        <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-84" name="__codelineno-17-84" href="#__codelineno-17-84"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-85" name="__codelineno-17-85" href="#__codelineno-17-85"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-86" name="__codelineno-17-86" href="#__codelineno-17-86"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-87" name="__codelineno-17-87" href="#__codelineno-17-87"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-88" name="__codelineno-17-88" href="#__codelineno-17-88"></a>    <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-89" name="__codelineno-17-89" href="#__codelineno-17-89"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-90" name="__codelineno-17-90" href="#__codelineno-17-90"></a>        <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">order</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-91" name="__codelineno-17-91" href="#__codelineno-17-91"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-92" name="__codelineno-17-92" href="#__codelineno-17-92"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-93" name="__codelineno-17-93" href="#__codelineno-17-93"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 null ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-34" name="__codelineno-18-34" href="#__codelineno-18-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-35" name="__codelineno-18-35" href="#__codelineno-18-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-36" name="__codelineno-18-36" href="#__codelineno-18-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-37" name="__codelineno-18-37" href="#__codelineno-18-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-38" name="__codelineno-18-38" href="#__codelineno-18-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-39" name="__codelineno-18-39" href="#__codelineno-18-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-40" name="__codelineno-18-40" href="#__codelineno-18-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-41" name="__codelineno-18-41" href="#__codelineno-18-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-42" name="__codelineno-18-42" href="#__codelineno-18-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-43" name="__codelineno-18-43" href="#__codelineno-18-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-44" name="__codelineno-18-44" href="#__codelineno-18-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-45" name="__codelineno-18-45" href="#__codelineno-18-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-46" name="__codelineno-18-46" href="#__codelineno-18-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-47" name="__codelineno-18-47" href="#__codelineno-18-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-48" name="__codelineno-18-48" href="#__codelineno-18-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-49" name="__codelineno-18-49" href="#__codelineno-18-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若为空位，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-50" name="__codelineno-18-50" href="#__codelineno-18-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-51" name="__codelineno-18-51" href="#__codelineno-18-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-52" name="__codelineno-18-52" href="#__codelineno-18-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;pre&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-53" name="__codelineno-18-53" href="#__codelineno-18-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-54" name="__codelineno-18-54" href="#__codelineno-18-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-55" name="__codelineno-18-55" href="#__codelineno-18-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;in&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-56" name="__codelineno-18-56" href="#__codelineno-18-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-57" name="__codelineno-18-57" href="#__codelineno-18-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-58" name="__codelineno-18-58" href="#__codelineno-18-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-59" name="__codelineno-18-59" href="#__codelineno-18-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-60" name="__codelineno-18-60" href="#__codelineno-18-60"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-61" name="__codelineno-18-61" href="#__codelineno-18-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-62" name="__codelineno-18-62" href="#__codelineno-18-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-63" name="__codelineno-18-63" href="#__codelineno-18-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-64" name="__codelineno-18-64" href="#__codelineno-18-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;pre&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-65" name="__codelineno-18-65" href="#__codelineno-18-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-66" name="__codelineno-18-66" href="#__codelineno-18-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-67" name="__codelineno-18-67" href="#__codelineno-18-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-68" name="__codelineno-18-68" href="#__codelineno-18-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-69" name="__codelineno-18-69" href="#__codelineno-18-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-70" name="__codelineno-18-70" href="#__codelineno-18-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-71" name="__codelineno-18-71" href="#__codelineno-18-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;in&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-72" name="__codelineno-18-72" href="#__codelineno-18-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-73" name="__codelineno-18-73" href="#__codelineno-18-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-74" name="__codelineno-18-74" href="#__codelineno-18-74"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-75" name="__codelineno-18-75" href="#__codelineno-18-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-76" name="__codelineno-18-76" href="#__codelineno-18-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-77" name="__codelineno-18-77" href="#__codelineno-18-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-78" name="__codelineno-18-78" href="#__codelineno-18-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-79" name="__codelineno-18-79" href="#__codelineno-18-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-80" name="__codelineno-18-80" href="#__codelineno-18-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-81" name="__codelineno-18-81" href="#__codelineno-18-81"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)[])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 null ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若为空位，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;pre&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-54" name="__codelineno-19-54" href="#__codelineno-19-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-55" name="__codelineno-19-55" href="#__codelineno-19-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;in&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-56" name="__codelineno-19-56" href="#__codelineno-19-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-57" name="__codelineno-19-57" href="#__codelineno-19-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-58" name="__codelineno-19-58" href="#__codelineno-19-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-59" name="__codelineno-19-59" href="#__codelineno-19-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-60" name="__codelineno-19-60" href="#__codelineno-19-60"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-61" name="__codelineno-19-61" href="#__codelineno-19-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-62" name="__codelineno-19-62" href="#__codelineno-19-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-63" name="__codelineno-19-63" href="#__codelineno-19-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-64" name="__codelineno-19-64" href="#__codelineno-19-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;pre&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-65" name="__codelineno-19-65" href="#__codelineno-19-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-66" name="__codelineno-19-66" href="#__codelineno-19-66"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-67" name="__codelineno-19-67" href="#__codelineno-19-67"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-68" name="__codelineno-19-68" href="#__codelineno-19-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-69" name="__codelineno-19-69" href="#__codelineno-19-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-70" name="__codelineno-19-70" href="#__codelineno-19-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-71" name="__codelineno-19-71" href="#__codelineno-19-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;in&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-72" name="__codelineno-19-72" href="#__codelineno-19-72"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-73" name="__codelineno-19-73" href="#__codelineno-19-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-74" name="__codelineno-19-74" href="#__codelineno-19-74"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-75" name="__codelineno-19-75" href="#__codelineno-19-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-76" name="__codelineno-19-76" href="#__codelineno-19-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-77" name="__codelineno-19-77" href="#__codelineno-19-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-78" name="__codelineno-19-78" href="#__codelineno-19-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-79" name="__codelineno-19-79" href="#__codelineno-19-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-80" name="__codelineno-19-80" href="#__codelineno-19-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-81" name="__codelineno-19-81" href="#__codelineno-19-81"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_tree</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">_tree</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_tree</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 null ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_tree</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-40" name="__codelineno-20-40" href="#__codelineno-20-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-41" name="__codelineno-20-41" href="#__codelineno-20-41"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-42" name="__codelineno-20-42" href="#__codelineno-20-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-43" name="__codelineno-20-43" href="#__codelineno-20-43"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-44" name="__codelineno-20-44" href="#__codelineno-20-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-45" name="__codelineno-20-45" href="#__codelineno-20-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-46" name="__codelineno-20-46" href="#__codelineno-20-46"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-47" name="__codelineno-20-47" href="#__codelineno-20-47"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-48" name="__codelineno-20-48" href="#__codelineno-20-48"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-49" name="__codelineno-20-49" href="#__codelineno-20-49"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-50" name="__codelineno-20-50" href="#__codelineno-20-50"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为空位，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-51" name="__codelineno-20-51" href="#__codelineno-20-51"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-52" name="__codelineno-20-52" href="#__codelineno-20-52"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-53" name="__codelineno-20-53" href="#__codelineno-20-53"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-54" name="__codelineno-20-54" href="#__codelineno-20-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-55" name="__codelineno-20-55" href="#__codelineno-20-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;pre&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-56" name="__codelineno-20-56" href="#__codelineno-20-56"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-57" name="__codelineno-20-57" href="#__codelineno-20-57"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-58" name="__codelineno-20-58" href="#__codelineno-20-58"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-59" name="__codelineno-20-59" href="#__codelineno-20-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-60" name="__codelineno-20-60" href="#__codelineno-20-60"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;in&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-61" name="__codelineno-20-61" href="#__codelineno-20-61"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-62" name="__codelineno-20-62" href="#__codelineno-20-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-63" name="__codelineno-20-63" href="#__codelineno-20-63"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-64" name="__codelineno-20-64" href="#__codelineno-20-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-65" name="__codelineno-20-65" href="#__codelineno-20-65"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-66" name="__codelineno-20-66" href="#__codelineno-20-66"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-67" name="__codelineno-20-67" href="#__codelineno-20-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-68" name="__codelineno-20-68" href="#__codelineno-20-68"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-69" name="__codelineno-20-69" href="#__codelineno-20-69"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-70" name="__codelineno-20-70" href="#__codelineno-20-70"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-71" name="__codelineno-20-71" href="#__codelineno-20-71"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-72" name="__codelineno-20-72" href="#__codelineno-20-72"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-73" name="__codelineno-20-73" href="#__codelineno-20-73"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;pre&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-74" name="__codelineno-20-74" href="#__codelineno-20-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-75" name="__codelineno-20-75" href="#__codelineno-20-75"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-76" name="__codelineno-20-76" href="#__codelineno-20-76"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-77" name="__codelineno-20-77" href="#__codelineno-20-77"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-78" name="__codelineno-20-78" href="#__codelineno-20-78"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-79" name="__codelineno-20-79" href="#__codelineno-20-79"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-80" name="__codelineno-20-80" href="#__codelineno-20-80"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;in&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-81" name="__codelineno-20-81" href="#__codelineno-20-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-82" name="__codelineno-20-82" href="#__codelineno-20-82"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-83" name="__codelineno-20-83" href="#__codelineno-20-83"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-84" name="__codelineno-20-84" href="#__codelineno-20-84"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-85" name="__codelineno-20-85" href="#__codelineno-20-85"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-86" name="__codelineno-20-86" href="#__codelineno-20-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-87" name="__codelineno-20-87" href="#__codelineno-20-87"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-88" name="__codelineno-20-88" href="#__codelineno-20-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-89" name="__codelineno-20-89" href="#__codelineno-20-89"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-90" name="__codelineno-20-90" href="#__codelineno-20-90"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">tree</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tree</span>: <span class="nc">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 None ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">parent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-39" name="__codelineno-21-39" href="#__codelineno-21-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-40" name="__codelineno-21-40" href="#__codelineno-21-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-41" name="__codelineno-21-41" href="#__codelineno-21-41"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-42" name="__codelineno-21-42" href="#__codelineno-21-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-43" name="__codelineno-21-43" href="#__codelineno-21-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">level_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-44" name="__codelineno-21-44" href="#__codelineno-21-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-45" name="__codelineno-21-45" href="#__codelineno-21-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-46" name="__codelineno-21-46" href="#__codelineno-21-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-47" name="__codelineno-21-47" href="#__codelineno-21-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-48" name="__codelineno-21-48" href="#__codelineno-21-48"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-49" name="__codelineno-21-49" href="#__codelineno-21-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-50" name="__codelineno-21-50" href="#__codelineno-21-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-51" name="__codelineno-21-51" href="#__codelineno-21-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-52" name="__codelineno-21-52" href="#__codelineno-21-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-53" name="__codelineno-21-53" href="#__codelineno-21-53"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-54" name="__codelineno-21-54" href="#__codelineno-21-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-55" name="__codelineno-21-55" href="#__codelineno-21-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="kt">str</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-56" name="__codelineno-21-56" href="#__codelineno-21-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-57" name="__codelineno-21-57" href="#__codelineno-21-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-58" name="__codelineno-21-58" href="#__codelineno-21-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-59" name="__codelineno-21-59" href="#__codelineno-21-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-60" name="__codelineno-21-60" href="#__codelineno-21-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-61" name="__codelineno-21-61" href="#__codelineno-21-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-62" name="__codelineno-21-62" href="#__codelineno-21-62"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-63" name="__codelineno-21-63" href="#__codelineno-21-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-64" name="__codelineno-21-64" href="#__codelineno-21-64"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-65" name="__codelineno-21-65" href="#__codelineno-21-65"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-66" name="__codelineno-21-66" href="#__codelineno-21-66"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-67" name="__codelineno-21-67" href="#__codelineno-21-67"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-68" name="__codelineno-21-68" href="#__codelineno-21-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-69" name="__codelineno-21-69" href="#__codelineno-21-69"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-70" name="__codelineno-21-70" href="#__codelineno-21-70"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-71" name="__codelineno-21-71" href="#__codelineno-21-71"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-72" name="__codelineno-21-72" href="#__codelineno-21-72"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-73" name="__codelineno-21-73" href="#__codelineno-21-73"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-74" name="__codelineno-21-74" href="#__codelineno-21-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-75" name="__codelineno-21-75" href="#__codelineno-21-75"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-76" name="__codelineno-21-76" href="#__codelineno-21-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-77" name="__codelineno-21-77" href="#__codelineno-21-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-78" name="__codelineno-21-78" href="#__codelineno-21-78"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-79" name="__codelineno-21-79" href="#__codelineno-21-79"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-80" name="__codelineno-21-80" href="#__codelineno-21-80"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-81" name="__codelineno-21-81" href="#__codelineno-21-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-82" name="__codelineno-21-82" href="#__codelineno-21-82"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-83" name="__codelineno-21-83" href="#__codelineno-21-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-84" name="__codelineno-21-84" href="#__codelineno-21-84"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-85" name="__codelineno-21-85" href="#__codelineno-21-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-86" name="__codelineno-21-86" href="#__codelineno-21-86"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-87" name="__codelineno-21-87" href="#__codelineno-21-87"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-88" name="__codelineno-21-88" href="#__codelineno-21-88"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-89" name="__codelineno-21-89" href="#__codelineno-21-89"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-90" name="__codelineno-21-90" href="#__codelineno-21-90"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-91" name="__codelineno-21-91" href="#__codelineno-21-91"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-92" name="__codelineno-21-92" href="#__codelineno-21-92"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-93" name="__codelineno-21-93" href="#__codelineno-21-93"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-94" name="__codelineno-21-94" href="#__codelineno-21-94"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">res</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-95" name="__codelineno-21-95" href="#__codelineno-21-95"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-96" name="__codelineno-21-96" href="#__codelineno-21-96"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">ArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造函数 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newArrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">newABT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">newABT</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newABT</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 节点数量 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若索引越界，则返回 INT_MAX ，代表空位</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="cm">/* 深度优先遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若为空位，则返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strcmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-37" name="__codelineno-22-37" href="#__codelineno-22-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-38" name="__codelineno-22-38" href="#__codelineno-22-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-39" name="__codelineno-22-39" href="#__codelineno-22-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-40" name="__codelineno-22-40" href="#__codelineno-22-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strcmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-41" name="__codelineno-22-41" href="#__codelineno-22-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-42" name="__codelineno-22-42" href="#__codelineno-22-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-43" name="__codelineno-22-43" href="#__codelineno-22-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-44" name="__codelineno-22-44" href="#__codelineno-22-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-45" name="__codelineno-22-45" href="#__codelineno-22-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-46" name="__codelineno-22-46" href="#__codelineno-22-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">strcmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-47" name="__codelineno-22-47" href="#__codelineno-22-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-48" name="__codelineno-22-48" href="#__codelineno-22-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-49" name="__codelineno-22-49" href="#__codelineno-22-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-50" name="__codelineno-22-50" href="#__codelineno-22-50"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-51" name="__codelineno-22-51" href="#__codelineno-22-51"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-52" name="__codelineno-22-52" href="#__codelineno-22-52"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-53" name="__codelineno-22-53" href="#__codelineno-22-53"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-54" name="__codelineno-22-54" href="#__codelineno-22-54"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-55" name="__codelineno-22-55" href="#__codelineno-22-55"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 直接遍历数组</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-56" name="__codelineno-22-56" href="#__codelineno-22-56"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-57" name="__codelineno-22-57" href="#__codelineno-22-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">INT_MAX</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-58" name="__codelineno-22-58" href="#__codelineno-22-58"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-59" name="__codelineno-22-59" href="#__codelineno-22-59"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">vectorPushback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-60" name="__codelineno-22-60" href="#__codelineno-22-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-61" name="__codelineno-22-61" href="#__codelineno-22-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-62" name="__codelineno-22-62" href="#__codelineno-22-62"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-63" name="__codelineno-22-63" href="#__codelineno-22-63"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-64" name="__codelineno-22-64" href="#__codelineno-22-64"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-65" name="__codelineno-22-65" href="#__codelineno-22-65"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-66" name="__codelineno-22-66" href="#__codelineno-22-66"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-67" name="__codelineno-22-67" href="#__codelineno-22-67"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-68" name="__codelineno-22-68" href="#__codelineno-22-68"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;pre&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-69" name="__codelineno-22-69" href="#__codelineno-22-69"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-70" name="__codelineno-22-70" href="#__codelineno-22-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-71" name="__codelineno-22-71" href="#__codelineno-22-71"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-72" name="__codelineno-22-72" href="#__codelineno-22-72"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-73" name="__codelineno-22-73" href="#__codelineno-22-73"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-74" name="__codelineno-22-74" href="#__codelineno-22-74"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-75" name="__codelineno-22-75" href="#__codelineno-22-75"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;in&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-76" name="__codelineno-22-76" href="#__codelineno-22-76"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-77" name="__codelineno-22-77" href="#__codelineno-22-77"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-78" name="__codelineno-22-78" href="#__codelineno-22-78"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-79" name="__codelineno-22-79" href="#__codelineno-22-79"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-80" name="__codelineno-22-80" href="#__codelineno-22-80"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-81" name="__codelineno-22-81" href="#__codelineno-22-81"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newVector</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-82" name="__codelineno-22-82" href="#__codelineno-22-82"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;post&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-83" name="__codelineno-22-83" href="#__codelineno-22-83"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-84" name="__codelineno-22-84" href="#__codelineno-22-84"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_binary_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayBinaryTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -4503,7 +3579,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -4569,31 +3650,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 7.2 &amp;nbsp; 二叉树遍历" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                7.2 &nbsp; 二叉树遍历
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../binary_search_tree/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 7.4 &amp;nbsp; 二叉搜索树" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                7.4 &nbsp; 二叉搜索树
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -4603,14 +3701,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_tree/avl_tree/index.html b/chapter_tree/avl_tree/index.html
index 2eae366b7..a013d0763 100644
--- a/chapter_tree/avl_tree/index.html
+++ b/chapter_tree/avl_tree/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3701,199 +3721,75 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取节点高度&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">height</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;更新节点高度&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>    <span class="c1"># 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>    <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">height</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">__update_height</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">height</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Height</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">lh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">rh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">lh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">lh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">height</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">height</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="bp">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">node.height</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span>: <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span>: <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">cmp</span>::<span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">update_height</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 更新节点高度 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">lh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rh</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">lh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rh</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 获取节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点高度为 -1 ，叶节点高度为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点高度等于最高子树高度 + 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3903,133 +3799,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">balance_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;获取平衡因子&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">balance_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span>: <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="kt">i32</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">())</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取平衡因子 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 获取平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 空节点平衡因子为 0</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 节点平衡因子 = 左子树高度 - 右子树高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4069,200 +3883,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__right_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;右旋操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    <span class="n">child</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    <span class="n">grand_child</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>    <span class="n">child</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>    <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">grand_child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">child</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">__right_rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">?.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-39-13" name="__codelineno-39-13" href="#__codelineno-39-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-40-13" name="__codelineno-40-13" href="#__codelineno-40-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">child</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">grandChild</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">child</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>    <span class="n">child</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a>    <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">grandChild</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a>    <span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a>    <span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-41-13" name="__codelineno-41-13" href="#__codelineno-41-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-42-13" name="__codelineno-42-13" href="#__codelineno-42-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-43-13" name="__codelineno-43-13" href="#__codelineno-43-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">right_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span>: <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grand_child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grand_child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-13" name="__codelineno-45-13" href="#__codelineno-45-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-14" name="__codelineno-45-14" href="#__codelineno-45-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-15" name="__codelineno-45-15" href="#__codelineno-45-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-16" name="__codelineno-45-16" href="#__codelineno-45-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-17" name="__codelineno-45-17" href="#__codelineno-45-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-45-18" name="__codelineno-45-18" href="#__codelineno-45-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">right_rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 右旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-9" name="__codelineno-46-9" href="#__codelineno-46-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-10" name="__codelineno-46-10" href="#__codelineno-46-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-11" name="__codelineno-46-11" href="#__codelineno-46-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-12" name="__codelineno-46-12" href="#__codelineno-46-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-13" name="__codelineno-46-13" href="#__codelineno-46-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-46-14" name="__codelineno-46-14" href="#__codelineno-46-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="c1">// 右旋操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向右旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-12" name="__codelineno-47-12" href="#__codelineno-47-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-47-13" name="__codelineno-47-13" href="#__codelineno-47-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4280,200 +3945,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__left_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;左旋操作&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a>    <span class="n">child</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a>    <span class="n">grand_child</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>    <span class="n">child</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a>    <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">grand_child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a>    <span class="c1"># 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-9" name="__codelineno-48-9" href="#__codelineno-48-9"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-10" name="__codelineno-48-10" href="#__codelineno-48-10"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-11" name="__codelineno-48-11" href="#__codelineno-48-11"></a>    <span class="c1"># 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-48-12" name="__codelineno-48-12" href="#__codelineno-48-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">child</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">__left_rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-10" name="__codelineno-49-10" href="#__codelineno-49-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-11" name="__codelineno-49-11" href="#__codelineno-49-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-12" name="__codelineno-49-12" href="#__codelineno-49-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-49-13" name="__codelineno-49-13" href="#__codelineno-49-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-11" name="__codelineno-50-11" href="#__codelineno-50-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-12" name="__codelineno-50-12" href="#__codelineno-50-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-50-13" name="__codelineno-50-13" href="#__codelineno-50-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">?.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-51-13" name="__codelineno-51-13" href="#__codelineno-51-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-12" name="__codelineno-52-12" href="#__codelineno-52-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-52-13" name="__codelineno-52-13" href="#__codelineno-52-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">child</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">grandChild</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">child</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a>    <span class="n">child</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a>    <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">grandChild</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a>    <span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a>    <span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-10" name="__codelineno-53-10" href="#__codelineno-53-10"></a>    <span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-12" name="__codelineno-53-12" href="#__codelineno-53-12"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-53-13" name="__codelineno-53-13" href="#__codelineno-53-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-12" name="__codelineno-54-12" href="#__codelineno-54-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-54-13" name="__codelineno-54-13" href="#__codelineno-54-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-12" name="__codelineno-55-12" href="#__codelineno-55-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-55-13" name="__codelineno-55-13" href="#__codelineno-55-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-10" name="__codelineno-56-10" href="#__codelineno-56-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-12" name="__codelineno-56-12" href="#__codelineno-56-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-56-13" name="__codelineno-56-13" href="#__codelineno-56-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">left_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span>: <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grand_child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grand_child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-12" name="__codelineno-57-12" href="#__codelineno-57-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-13" name="__codelineno-57-13" href="#__codelineno-57-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-14" name="__codelineno-57-14" href="#__codelineno-57-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-15" name="__codelineno-57-15" href="#__codelineno-57-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-16" name="__codelineno-57-16" href="#__codelineno-57-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-17" name="__codelineno-57-17" href="#__codelineno-57-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-57-18" name="__codelineno-57-18" href="#__codelineno-57-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">left_rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 左旋操作 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-11" name="__codelineno-58-11" href="#__codelineno-58-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-12" name="__codelineno-58-12" href="#__codelineno-58-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-13" name="__codelineno-58-13" href="#__codelineno-58-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-58-14" name="__codelineno-58-14" href="#__codelineno-58-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="c1">// 左旋操作</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 以 child 为原点，将 node 向左旋转</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-11" name="__codelineno-59-11" href="#__codelineno-59-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回旋转后子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-12" name="__codelineno-59-12" href="#__codelineno-59-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-59-13" name="__codelineno-59-13" href="#__codelineno-59-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4533,388 +4049,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="7:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_7_1" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_2" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_3" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_4" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_5" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_6" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_7" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_8" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_9" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_10" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_11" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_12" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_7_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_7_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_7_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_7_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_7_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_7_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_7_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_7_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_7_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_7_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-4" name="__codelineno-60-4" href="#__codelineno-60-4"></a>    <span class="n">balance_factor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-5" name="__codelineno-60-5" href="#__codelineno-60-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-6" name="__codelineno-60-6" href="#__codelineno-60-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">balance_factor</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-7" name="__codelineno-60-7" href="#__codelineno-60-7"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-8" name="__codelineno-60-8" href="#__codelineno-60-8"></a>            <span class="c1"># 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-9" name="__codelineno-60-9" href="#__codelineno-60-9"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__right_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-10" name="__codelineno-60-10" href="#__codelineno-60-10"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-11" name="__codelineno-60-11" href="#__codelineno-60-11"></a>            <span class="c1"># 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-12" name="__codelineno-60-12" href="#__codelineno-60-12"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__left_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-13" name="__codelineno-60-13" href="#__codelineno-60-13"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__right_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-14" name="__codelineno-60-14" href="#__codelineno-60-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-15" name="__codelineno-60-15" href="#__codelineno-60-15"></a>    <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">balance_factor</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-16" name="__codelineno-60-16" href="#__codelineno-60-16"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-17" name="__codelineno-60-17" href="#__codelineno-60-17"></a>            <span class="c1"># 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-18" name="__codelineno-60-18" href="#__codelineno-60-18"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__left_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-19" name="__codelineno-60-19" href="#__codelineno-60-19"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-20" name="__codelineno-60-20" href="#__codelineno-60-20"></a>            <span class="c1"># 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-21" name="__codelineno-60-21" href="#__codelineno-60-21"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__right_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-22" name="__codelineno-60-22" href="#__codelineno-60-22"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__left_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-23" name="__codelineno-60-23" href="#__codelineno-60-23"></a>    <span class="c1"># 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-60-24" name="__codelineno-60-24" href="#__codelineno-60-24"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">node</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">__rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-4" name="__codelineno-61-4" href="#__codelineno-61-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-5" name="__codelineno-61-5" href="#__codelineno-61-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-6" name="__codelineno-61-6" href="#__codelineno-61-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-7" name="__codelineno-61-7" href="#__codelineno-61-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-8" name="__codelineno-61-8" href="#__codelineno-61-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-9" name="__codelineno-61-9" href="#__codelineno-61-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-10" name="__codelineno-61-10" href="#__codelineno-61-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-11" name="__codelineno-61-11" href="#__codelineno-61-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-12" name="__codelineno-61-12" href="#__codelineno-61-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-13" name="__codelineno-61-13" href="#__codelineno-61-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-14" name="__codelineno-61-14" href="#__codelineno-61-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-15" name="__codelineno-61-15" href="#__codelineno-61-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-16" name="__codelineno-61-16" href="#__codelineno-61-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-17" name="__codelineno-61-17" href="#__codelineno-61-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-18" name="__codelineno-61-18" href="#__codelineno-61-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-19" name="__codelineno-61-19" href="#__codelineno-61-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-20" name="__codelineno-61-20" href="#__codelineno-61-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-21" name="__codelineno-61-21" href="#__codelineno-61-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-22" name="__codelineno-61-22" href="#__codelineno-61-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-23" name="__codelineno-61-23" href="#__codelineno-61-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-24" name="__codelineno-61-24" href="#__codelineno-61-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-25" name="__codelineno-61-25" href="#__codelineno-61-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-26" name="__codelineno-61-26" href="#__codelineno-61-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-27" name="__codelineno-61-27" href="#__codelineno-61-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-28" name="__codelineno-61-28" href="#__codelineno-61-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-61-29" name="__codelineno-61-29" href="#__codelineno-61-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-5" name="__codelineno-62-5" href="#__codelineno-62-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-6" name="__codelineno-62-6" href="#__codelineno-62-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-7" name="__codelineno-62-7" href="#__codelineno-62-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-8" name="__codelineno-62-8" href="#__codelineno-62-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-9" name="__codelineno-62-9" href="#__codelineno-62-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-10" name="__codelineno-62-10" href="#__codelineno-62-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-11" name="__codelineno-62-11" href="#__codelineno-62-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-12" name="__codelineno-62-12" href="#__codelineno-62-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-13" name="__codelineno-62-13" href="#__codelineno-62-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-14" name="__codelineno-62-14" href="#__codelineno-62-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-15" name="__codelineno-62-15" href="#__codelineno-62-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-16" name="__codelineno-62-16" href="#__codelineno-62-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-17" name="__codelineno-62-17" href="#__codelineno-62-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-18" name="__codelineno-62-18" href="#__codelineno-62-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-19" name="__codelineno-62-19" href="#__codelineno-62-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-20" name="__codelineno-62-20" href="#__codelineno-62-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-21" name="__codelineno-62-21" href="#__codelineno-62-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-22" name="__codelineno-62-22" href="#__codelineno-62-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-23" name="__codelineno-62-23" href="#__codelineno-62-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-24" name="__codelineno-62-24" href="#__codelineno-62-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-25" name="__codelineno-62-25" href="#__codelineno-62-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-26" name="__codelineno-62-26" href="#__codelineno-62-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-27" name="__codelineno-62-27" href="#__codelineno-62-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-28" name="__codelineno-62-28" href="#__codelineno-62-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-62-29" name="__codelineno-62-29" href="#__codelineno-62-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-4" name="__codelineno-63-4" href="#__codelineno-63-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balanceFactorInt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-5" name="__codelineno-63-5" href="#__codelineno-63-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-6" name="__codelineno-63-6" href="#__codelineno-63-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactorInt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-7" name="__codelineno-63-7" href="#__codelineno-63-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-8" name="__codelineno-63-8" href="#__codelineno-63-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-9" name="__codelineno-63-9" href="#__codelineno-63-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-10" name="__codelineno-63-10" href="#__codelineno-63-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-11" name="__codelineno-63-11" href="#__codelineno-63-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-12" name="__codelineno-63-12" href="#__codelineno-63-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">?.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-13" name="__codelineno-63-13" href="#__codelineno-63-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-14" name="__codelineno-63-14" href="#__codelineno-63-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-15" name="__codelineno-63-15" href="#__codelineno-63-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-16" name="__codelineno-63-16" href="#__codelineno-63-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-17" name="__codelineno-63-17" href="#__codelineno-63-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactorInt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-18" name="__codelineno-63-18" href="#__codelineno-63-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-19" name="__codelineno-63-19" href="#__codelineno-63-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-20" name="__codelineno-63-20" href="#__codelineno-63-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-21" name="__codelineno-63-21" href="#__codelineno-63-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-22" name="__codelineno-63-22" href="#__codelineno-63-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-23" name="__codelineno-63-23" href="#__codelineno-63-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">?.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-24" name="__codelineno-63-24" href="#__codelineno-63-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-25" name="__codelineno-63-25" href="#__codelineno-63-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-26" name="__codelineno-63-26" href="#__codelineno-63-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-27" name="__codelineno-63-27" href="#__codelineno-63-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-28" name="__codelineno-63-28" href="#__codelineno-63-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-63-29" name="__codelineno-63-29" href="#__codelineno-63-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// Go 推荐短变量，这里 bf 指代 t.balanceFactor</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">bf</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bf</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-9" name="__codelineno-64-9" href="#__codelineno-64-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-10" name="__codelineno-64-10" href="#__codelineno-64-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-11" name="__codelineno-64-11" href="#__codelineno-64-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-12" name="__codelineno-64-12" href="#__codelineno-64-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-13" name="__codelineno-64-13" href="#__codelineno-64-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-14" name="__codelineno-64-14" href="#__codelineno-64-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-15" name="__codelineno-64-15" href="#__codelineno-64-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-16" name="__codelineno-64-16" href="#__codelineno-64-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-17" name="__codelineno-64-17" href="#__codelineno-64-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-18" name="__codelineno-64-18" href="#__codelineno-64-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bf</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-19" name="__codelineno-64-19" href="#__codelineno-64-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-20" name="__codelineno-64-20" href="#__codelineno-64-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-21" name="__codelineno-64-21" href="#__codelineno-64-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-22" name="__codelineno-64-22" href="#__codelineno-64-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-23" name="__codelineno-64-23" href="#__codelineno-64-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-24" name="__codelineno-64-24" href="#__codelineno-64-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-25" name="__codelineno-64-25" href="#__codelineno-64-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-26" name="__codelineno-64-26" href="#__codelineno-64-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-27" name="__codelineno-64-27" href="#__codelineno-64-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-28" name="__codelineno-64-28" href="#__codelineno-64-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-29" name="__codelineno-64-29" href="#__codelineno-64-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-64-30" name="__codelineno-64-30" href="#__codelineno-64-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-3" name="__codelineno-65-3" href="#__codelineno-65-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-4" name="__codelineno-65-4" href="#__codelineno-65-4"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">balanceFactor</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-5" name="__codelineno-65-5" href="#__codelineno-65-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-6" name="__codelineno-65-6" href="#__codelineno-65-6"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">balanceFactor</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-7" name="__codelineno-65-7" href="#__codelineno-65-7"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kc">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-8" name="__codelineno-65-8" href="#__codelineno-65-8"></a>            <span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-9" name="__codelineno-65-9" href="#__codelineno-65-9"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-10" name="__codelineno-65-10" href="#__codelineno-65-10"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-11" name="__codelineno-65-11" href="#__codelineno-65-11"></a>            <span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-12" name="__codelineno-65-12" href="#__codelineno-65-12"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-13" name="__codelineno-65-13" href="#__codelineno-65-13"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-14" name="__codelineno-65-14" href="#__codelineno-65-14"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-15" name="__codelineno-65-15" href="#__codelineno-65-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-16" name="__codelineno-65-16" href="#__codelineno-65-16"></a>    <span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-17" name="__codelineno-65-17" href="#__codelineno-65-17"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">balanceFactor</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-18" name="__codelineno-65-18" href="#__codelineno-65-18"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kc">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-19" name="__codelineno-65-19" href="#__codelineno-65-19"></a>            <span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-20" name="__codelineno-65-20" href="#__codelineno-65-20"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-21" name="__codelineno-65-21" href="#__codelineno-65-21"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-22" name="__codelineno-65-22" href="#__codelineno-65-22"></a>            <span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-23" name="__codelineno-65-23" href="#__codelineno-65-23"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-24" name="__codelineno-65-24" href="#__codelineno-65-24"></a>            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-25" name="__codelineno-65-25" href="#__codelineno-65-25"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-26" name="__codelineno-65-26" href="#__codelineno-65-26"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-27" name="__codelineno-65-27" href="#__codelineno-65-27"></a>    <span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-28" name="__codelineno-65-28" href="#__codelineno-65-28"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-65-29" name="__codelineno-65-29" href="#__codelineno-65-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-3" name="__codelineno-66-3" href="#__codelineno-66-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-4" name="__codelineno-66-4" href="#__codelineno-66-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-5" name="__codelineno-66-5" href="#__codelineno-66-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-6" name="__codelineno-66-6" href="#__codelineno-66-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-7" name="__codelineno-66-7" href="#__codelineno-66-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-8" name="__codelineno-66-8" href="#__codelineno-66-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-9" name="__codelineno-66-9" href="#__codelineno-66-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-10" name="__codelineno-66-10" href="#__codelineno-66-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-11" name="__codelineno-66-11" href="#__codelineno-66-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-12" name="__codelineno-66-12" href="#__codelineno-66-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-13" name="__codelineno-66-13" href="#__codelineno-66-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-14" name="__codelineno-66-14" href="#__codelineno-66-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-15" name="__codelineno-66-15" href="#__codelineno-66-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-16" name="__codelineno-66-16" href="#__codelineno-66-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-17" name="__codelineno-66-17" href="#__codelineno-66-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-18" name="__codelineno-66-18" href="#__codelineno-66-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-19" name="__codelineno-66-19" href="#__codelineno-66-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-20" name="__codelineno-66-20" href="#__codelineno-66-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-21" name="__codelineno-66-21" href="#__codelineno-66-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-22" name="__codelineno-66-22" href="#__codelineno-66-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-23" name="__codelineno-66-23" href="#__codelineno-66-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-24" name="__codelineno-66-24" href="#__codelineno-66-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-25" name="__codelineno-66-25" href="#__codelineno-66-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-26" name="__codelineno-66-26" href="#__codelineno-66-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-27" name="__codelineno-66-27" href="#__codelineno-66-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-28" name="__codelineno-66-28" href="#__codelineno-66-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-66-29" name="__codelineno-66-29" href="#__codelineno-66-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-3" name="__codelineno-67-3" href="#__codelineno-67-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-4" name="__codelineno-67-4" href="#__codelineno-67-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-5" name="__codelineno-67-5" href="#__codelineno-67-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-6" name="__codelineno-67-6" href="#__codelineno-67-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-7" name="__codelineno-67-7" href="#__codelineno-67-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-8" name="__codelineno-67-8" href="#__codelineno-67-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-9" name="__codelineno-67-9" href="#__codelineno-67-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-10" name="__codelineno-67-10" href="#__codelineno-67-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-11" name="__codelineno-67-11" href="#__codelineno-67-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-12" name="__codelineno-67-12" href="#__codelineno-67-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-13" name="__codelineno-67-13" href="#__codelineno-67-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-14" name="__codelineno-67-14" href="#__codelineno-67-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-15" name="__codelineno-67-15" href="#__codelineno-67-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-16" name="__codelineno-67-16" href="#__codelineno-67-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-17" name="__codelineno-67-17" href="#__codelineno-67-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-18" name="__codelineno-67-18" href="#__codelineno-67-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-19" name="__codelineno-67-19" href="#__codelineno-67-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-20" name="__codelineno-67-20" href="#__codelineno-67-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-21" name="__codelineno-67-21" href="#__codelineno-67-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-22" name="__codelineno-67-22" href="#__codelineno-67-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-23" name="__codelineno-67-23" href="#__codelineno-67-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-24" name="__codelineno-67-24" href="#__codelineno-67-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-25" name="__codelineno-67-25" href="#__codelineno-67-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-26" name="__codelineno-67-26" href="#__codelineno-67-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-27" name="__codelineno-67-27" href="#__codelineno-67-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-28" name="__codelineno-67-28" href="#__codelineno-67-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-67-29" name="__codelineno-67-29" href="#__codelineno-67-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-3" name="__codelineno-68-3" href="#__codelineno-68-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-4" name="__codelineno-68-4" href="#__codelineno-68-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">factor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-5" name="__codelineno-68-5" href="#__codelineno-68-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-6" name="__codelineno-68-6" href="#__codelineno-68-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">factor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-7" name="__codelineno-68-7" href="#__codelineno-68-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-8" name="__codelineno-68-8" href="#__codelineno-68-8"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-9" name="__codelineno-68-9" href="#__codelineno-68-9"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-10" name="__codelineno-68-10" href="#__codelineno-68-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-11" name="__codelineno-68-11" href="#__codelineno-68-11"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-12" name="__codelineno-68-12" href="#__codelineno-68-12"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-13" name="__codelineno-68-13" href="#__codelineno-68-13"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-14" name="__codelineno-68-14" href="#__codelineno-68-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-15" name="__codelineno-68-15" href="#__codelineno-68-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-16" name="__codelineno-68-16" href="#__codelineno-68-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-17" name="__codelineno-68-17" href="#__codelineno-68-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">factor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-18" name="__codelineno-68-18" href="#__codelineno-68-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-19" name="__codelineno-68-19" href="#__codelineno-68-19"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-20" name="__codelineno-68-20" href="#__codelineno-68-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-21" name="__codelineno-68-21" href="#__codelineno-68-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-22" name="__codelineno-68-22" href="#__codelineno-68-22"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-23" name="__codelineno-68-23" href="#__codelineno-68-23"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-24" name="__codelineno-68-24" href="#__codelineno-68-24"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-25" name="__codelineno-68-25" href="#__codelineno-68-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-26" name="__codelineno-68-26" href="#__codelineno-68-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-27" name="__codelineno-68-27" href="#__codelineno-68-27"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-28" name="__codelineno-68-28" href="#__codelineno-68-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-68-29" name="__codelineno-68-29" href="#__codelineno-68-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span>: <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-3" name="__codelineno-69-3" href="#__codelineno-69-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-4" name="__codelineno-69-4" href="#__codelineno-69-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-5" name="__codelineno-69-5" href="#__codelineno-69-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-6" name="__codelineno-69-6" href="#__codelineno-69-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-7" name="__codelineno-69-7" href="#__codelineno-69-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-8" name="__codelineno-69-8" href="#__codelineno-69-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-9" name="__codelineno-69-9" href="#__codelineno-69-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-10" name="__codelineno-69-10" href="#__codelineno-69-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">right_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-11" name="__codelineno-69-11" href="#__codelineno-69-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-12" name="__codelineno-69-12" href="#__codelineno-69-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-13" name="__codelineno-69-13" href="#__codelineno-69-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-14" name="__codelineno-69-14" href="#__codelineno-69-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">left_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-15" name="__codelineno-69-15" href="#__codelineno-69-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">right_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-16" name="__codelineno-69-16" href="#__codelineno-69-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-17" name="__codelineno-69-17" href="#__codelineno-69-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-18" name="__codelineno-69-18" href="#__codelineno-69-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-19" name="__codelineno-69-19" href="#__codelineno-69-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-20" name="__codelineno-69-20" href="#__codelineno-69-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-21" name="__codelineno-69-21" href="#__codelineno-69-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-22" name="__codelineno-69-22" href="#__codelineno-69-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-23" name="__codelineno-69-23" href="#__codelineno-69-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">left_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-24" name="__codelineno-69-24" href="#__codelineno-69-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-25" name="__codelineno-69-25" href="#__codelineno-69-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-26" name="__codelineno-69-26" href="#__codelineno-69-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-27" name="__codelineno-69-27" href="#__codelineno-69-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">right_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-28" name="__codelineno-69-28" href="#__codelineno-69-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">left_rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-29" name="__codelineno-69-29" href="#__codelineno-69-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-30" name="__codelineno-69-30" href="#__codelineno-69-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-31" name="__codelineno-69-31" href="#__codelineno-69-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-32" name="__codelineno-69-32" href="#__codelineno-69-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-33" name="__codelineno-69-33" href="#__codelineno-69-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-69-34" name="__codelineno-69-34" href="#__codelineno-69-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-2" name="__codelineno-70-2" href="#__codelineno-70-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-3" name="__codelineno-70-3" href="#__codelineno-70-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-4" name="__codelineno-70-4" href="#__codelineno-70-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bf</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-5" name="__codelineno-70-5" href="#__codelineno-70-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-6" name="__codelineno-70-6" href="#__codelineno-70-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bf</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-7" name="__codelineno-70-7" href="#__codelineno-70-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-8" name="__codelineno-70-8" href="#__codelineno-70-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-9" name="__codelineno-70-9" href="#__codelineno-70-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-10" name="__codelineno-70-10" href="#__codelineno-70-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-11" name="__codelineno-70-11" href="#__codelineno-70-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-12" name="__codelineno-70-12" href="#__codelineno-70-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-13" name="__codelineno-70-13" href="#__codelineno-70-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-14" name="__codelineno-70-14" href="#__codelineno-70-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-15" name="__codelineno-70-15" href="#__codelineno-70-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-16" name="__codelineno-70-16" href="#__codelineno-70-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-17" name="__codelineno-70-17" href="#__codelineno-70-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bf</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-18" name="__codelineno-70-18" href="#__codelineno-70-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-19" name="__codelineno-70-19" href="#__codelineno-70-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-20" name="__codelineno-70-20" href="#__codelineno-70-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-21" name="__codelineno-70-21" href="#__codelineno-70-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-22" name="__codelineno-70-22" href="#__codelineno-70-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-23" name="__codelineno-70-23" href="#__codelineno-70-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-24" name="__codelineno-70-24" href="#__codelineno-70-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-25" name="__codelineno-70-25" href="#__codelineno-70-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-26" name="__codelineno-70-26" href="#__codelineno-70-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-27" name="__codelineno-70-27" href="#__codelineno-70-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-28" name="__codelineno-70-28" href="#__codelineno-70-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-70-29" name="__codelineno-70-29" href="#__codelineno-70-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="c1">// 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-2" name="__codelineno-71-2" href="#__codelineno-71-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-3" name="__codelineno-71-3" href="#__codelineno-71-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取节点 node 的平衡因子</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-4" name="__codelineno-71-4" href="#__codelineno-71-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-5" name="__codelineno-71-5" href="#__codelineno-71-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-6" name="__codelineno-71-6" href="#__codelineno-71-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-7" name="__codelineno-71-7" href="#__codelineno-71-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-8" name="__codelineno-71-8" href="#__codelineno-71-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-9" name="__codelineno-71-9" href="#__codelineno-71-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-10" name="__codelineno-71-10" href="#__codelineno-71-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-11" name="__codelineno-71-11" href="#__codelineno-71-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先左旋后右旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-12" name="__codelineno-71-12" href="#__codelineno-71-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-13" name="__codelineno-71-13" href="#__codelineno-71-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-14" name="__codelineno-71-14" href="#__codelineno-71-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-15" name="__codelineno-71-15" href="#__codelineno-71-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-16" name="__codelineno-71-16" href="#__codelineno-71-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 右偏树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-17" name="__codelineno-71-17" href="#__codelineno-71-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">balance_factor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-18" name="__codelineno-71-18" href="#__codelineno-71-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">balanceFactor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-19" name="__codelineno-71-19" href="#__codelineno-71-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-20" name="__codelineno-71-20" href="#__codelineno-71-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-21" name="__codelineno-71-21" href="#__codelineno-71-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-22" name="__codelineno-71-22" href="#__codelineno-71-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 先右旋后左旋</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-23" name="__codelineno-71-23" href="#__codelineno-71-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rightRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-24" name="__codelineno-71-24" href="#__codelineno-71-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">leftRotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-25" name="__codelineno-71-25" href="#__codelineno-71-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-26" name="__codelineno-71-26" href="#__codelineno-71-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-27" name="__codelineno-71-27" href="#__codelineno-71-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 平衡树，无须旋转，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-28" name="__codelineno-71-28" href="#__codelineno-71-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-71-29" name="__codelineno-71-29" href="#__codelineno-71-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4925,327 +4104,75 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="8:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_8_1" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_2" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_3" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_4" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_5" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_6" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_7" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_8" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_9" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_10" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_11" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_8_12" name="__tabbed_8" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_8_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_8_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_8_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_8_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_8_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_8_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_8_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_8_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_8_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_8_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_8_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_8_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;插入节点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__insert_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-4" name="__codelineno-72-4" href="#__codelineno-72-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-5" name="__codelineno-72-5" href="#__codelineno-72-5"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__insert_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-6" name="__codelineno-72-6" href="#__codelineno-72-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;递归插入节点（辅助方法）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-7" name="__codelineno-72-7" href="#__codelineno-72-7"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-8" name="__codelineno-72-8" href="#__codelineno-72-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-9" name="__codelineno-72-9" href="#__codelineno-72-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-10" name="__codelineno-72-10" href="#__codelineno-72-10"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-11" name="__codelineno-72-11" href="#__codelineno-72-11"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__insert_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-12" name="__codelineno-72-12" href="#__codelineno-72-12"></a>    <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-13" name="__codelineno-72-13" href="#__codelineno-72-13"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__insert_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-14" name="__codelineno-72-14" href="#__codelineno-72-14"></a>    <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-15" name="__codelineno-72-15" href="#__codelineno-72-15"></a>        <span class="c1"># 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-16" name="__codelineno-72-16" href="#__codelineno-72-16"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-17" name="__codelineno-72-17" href="#__codelineno-72-17"></a>    <span class="c1"># 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-18" name="__codelineno-72-18" href="#__codelineno-72-18"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-19" name="__codelineno-72-19" href="#__codelineno-72-19"></a>    <span class="c1"># 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-72-20" name="__codelineno-72-20" href="#__codelineno-72-20"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">__insert_helper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-3" name="__codelineno-73-3" href="#__codelineno-73-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-4" name="__codelineno-73-4" href="#__codelineno-73-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-5" name="__codelineno-73-5" href="#__codelineno-73-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-6" name="__codelineno-73-6" href="#__codelineno-73-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-7" name="__codelineno-73-7" href="#__codelineno-73-7"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-8" name="__codelineno-73-8" href="#__codelineno-73-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-9" name="__codelineno-73-9" href="#__codelineno-73-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-10" name="__codelineno-73-10" href="#__codelineno-73-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-11" name="__codelineno-73-11" href="#__codelineno-73-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-12" name="__codelineno-73-12" href="#__codelineno-73-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-13" name="__codelineno-73-13" href="#__codelineno-73-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-14" name="__codelineno-73-14" href="#__codelineno-73-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-15" name="__codelineno-73-15" href="#__codelineno-73-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-16" name="__codelineno-73-16" href="#__codelineno-73-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-17" name="__codelineno-73-17" href="#__codelineno-73-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-18" name="__codelineno-73-18" href="#__codelineno-73-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-19" name="__codelineno-73-19" href="#__codelineno-73-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-20" name="__codelineno-73-20" href="#__codelineno-73-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-21" name="__codelineno-73-21" href="#__codelineno-73-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-73-22" name="__codelineno-73-22" href="#__codelineno-73-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-73-3" name="__codelineno-73-3" href="#__codelineno-73-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-3" name="__codelineno-74-3" href="#__codelineno-74-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-4" name="__codelineno-74-4" href="#__codelineno-74-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-5" name="__codelineno-74-5" href="#__codelineno-74-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-6" name="__codelineno-74-6" href="#__codelineno-74-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-7" name="__codelineno-74-7" href="#__codelineno-74-7"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-8" name="__codelineno-74-8" href="#__codelineno-74-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-9" name="__codelineno-74-9" href="#__codelineno-74-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-10" name="__codelineno-74-10" href="#__codelineno-74-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-11" name="__codelineno-74-11" href="#__codelineno-74-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-12" name="__codelineno-74-12" href="#__codelineno-74-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-13" name="__codelineno-74-13" href="#__codelineno-74-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-14" name="__codelineno-74-14" href="#__codelineno-74-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-15" name="__codelineno-74-15" href="#__codelineno-74-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-16" name="__codelineno-74-16" href="#__codelineno-74-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-17" name="__codelineno-74-17" href="#__codelineno-74-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-18" name="__codelineno-74-18" href="#__codelineno-74-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-19" name="__codelineno-74-19" href="#__codelineno-74-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-20" name="__codelineno-74-20" href="#__codelineno-74-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-21" name="__codelineno-74-21" href="#__codelineno-74-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-74-22" name="__codelineno-74-22" href="#__codelineno-74-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-74-3" name="__codelineno-74-3" href="#__codelineno-74-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-2" name="__codelineno-75-2" href="#__codelineno-75-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-3" name="__codelineno-75-3" href="#__codelineno-75-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-4" name="__codelineno-75-4" href="#__codelineno-75-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-5" name="__codelineno-75-5" href="#__codelineno-75-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-6" name="__codelineno-75-6" href="#__codelineno-75-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-7" name="__codelineno-75-7" href="#__codelineno-75-7"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-8" name="__codelineno-75-8" href="#__codelineno-75-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-9" name="__codelineno-75-9" href="#__codelineno-75-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-10" name="__codelineno-75-10" href="#__codelineno-75-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-11" name="__codelineno-75-11" href="#__codelineno-75-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-12" name="__codelineno-75-12" href="#__codelineno-75-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-13" name="__codelineno-75-13" href="#__codelineno-75-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-14" name="__codelineno-75-14" href="#__codelineno-75-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-15" name="__codelineno-75-15" href="#__codelineno-75-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-16" name="__codelineno-75-16" href="#__codelineno-75-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-17" name="__codelineno-75-17" href="#__codelineno-75-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-18" name="__codelineno-75-18" href="#__codelineno-75-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-19" name="__codelineno-75-19" href="#__codelineno-75-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-20" name="__codelineno-75-20" href="#__codelineno-75-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-75-21" name="__codelineno-75-21" href="#__codelineno-75-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-75-2" name="__codelineno-75-2" href="#__codelineno-75-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-75-3" name="__codelineno-75-3" href="#__codelineno-75-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-3" name="__codelineno-76-3" href="#__codelineno-76-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-4" name="__codelineno-76-4" href="#__codelineno-76-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-5" name="__codelineno-76-5" href="#__codelineno-76-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-6" name="__codelineno-76-6" href="#__codelineno-76-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助函数） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-7" name="__codelineno-76-7" href="#__codelineno-76-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-8" name="__codelineno-76-8" href="#__codelineno-76-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-9" name="__codelineno-76-9" href="#__codelineno-76-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">NewTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-10" name="__codelineno-76-10" href="#__codelineno-76-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-11" name="__codelineno-76-11" href="#__codelineno-76-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-12" name="__codelineno-76-12" href="#__codelineno-76-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-13" name="__codelineno-76-13" href="#__codelineno-76-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-14" name="__codelineno-76-14" href="#__codelineno-76-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-15" name="__codelineno-76-15" href="#__codelineno-76-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-16" name="__codelineno-76-16" href="#__codelineno-76-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-17" name="__codelineno-76-17" href="#__codelineno-76-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-18" name="__codelineno-76-18" href="#__codelineno-76-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-19" name="__codelineno-76-19" href="#__codelineno-76-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-20" name="__codelineno-76-20" href="#__codelineno-76-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-21" name="__codelineno-76-21" href="#__codelineno-76-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-22" name="__codelineno-76-22" href="#__codelineno-76-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-23" name="__codelineno-76-23" href="#__codelineno-76-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-24" name="__codelineno-76-24" href="#__codelineno-76-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-25" name="__codelineno-76-25" href="#__codelineno-76-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-76-26" name="__codelineno-76-26" href="#__codelineno-76-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-76-3" name="__codelineno-76-3" href="#__codelineno-76-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a>    <span class="n">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-6" name="__codelineno-77-6" href="#__codelineno-77-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-7" name="__codelineno-77-7" href="#__codelineno-77-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-8" name="__codelineno-77-8" href="#__codelineno-77-8"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-9" name="__codelineno-77-9" href="#__codelineno-77-9"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-10" name="__codelineno-77-10" href="#__codelineno-77-10"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-11" name="__codelineno-77-11" href="#__codelineno-77-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-12" name="__codelineno-77-12" href="#__codelineno-77-12"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-13" name="__codelineno-77-13" href="#__codelineno-77-13"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-14" name="__codelineno-77-14" href="#__codelineno-77-14"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-15" name="__codelineno-77-15" href="#__codelineno-77-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-16" name="__codelineno-77-16" href="#__codelineno-77-16"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-17" name="__codelineno-77-17" href="#__codelineno-77-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-18" name="__codelineno-77-18" href="#__codelineno-77-18"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-19" name="__codelineno-77-19" href="#__codelineno-77-19"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-20" name="__codelineno-77-20" href="#__codelineno-77-20"></a>    <span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-21" name="__codelineno-77-21" href="#__codelineno-77-21"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-22" name="__codelineno-77-22" href="#__codelineno-77-22"></a>    <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-23" name="__codelineno-77-23" href="#__codelineno-77-23"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-24" name="__codelineno-77-24" href="#__codelineno-77-24"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-77-25" name="__codelineno-77-25" href="#__codelineno-77-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="bp">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-4" name="__codelineno-78-4" href="#__codelineno-78-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-5" name="__codelineno-78-5" href="#__codelineno-78-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-6" name="__codelineno-78-6" href="#__codelineno-78-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-7" name="__codelineno-78-7" href="#__codelineno-78-7"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-8" name="__codelineno-78-8" href="#__codelineno-78-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-9" name="__codelineno-78-9" href="#__codelineno-78-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-10" name="__codelineno-78-10" href="#__codelineno-78-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-11" name="__codelineno-78-11" href="#__codelineno-78-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-12" name="__codelineno-78-12" href="#__codelineno-78-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-13" name="__codelineno-78-13" href="#__codelineno-78-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-14" name="__codelineno-78-14" href="#__codelineno-78-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-15" name="__codelineno-78-15" href="#__codelineno-78-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-16" name="__codelineno-78-16" href="#__codelineno-78-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-17" name="__codelineno-78-17" href="#__codelineno-78-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-18" name="__codelineno-78-18" href="#__codelineno-78-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-78-19" name="__codelineno-78-19" href="#__codelineno-78-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-4" name="__codelineno-79-4" href="#__codelineno-79-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-5" name="__codelineno-79-5" href="#__codelineno-79-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-6" name="__codelineno-79-6" href="#__codelineno-79-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-7" name="__codelineno-79-7" href="#__codelineno-79-7"></a><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-8" name="__codelineno-79-8" href="#__codelineno-79-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-9" name="__codelineno-79-9" href="#__codelineno-79-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-10" name="__codelineno-79-10" href="#__codelineno-79-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-11" name="__codelineno-79-11" href="#__codelineno-79-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-12" name="__codelineno-79-12" href="#__codelineno-79-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-13" name="__codelineno-79-13" href="#__codelineno-79-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-14" name="__codelineno-79-14" href="#__codelineno-79-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-15" name="__codelineno-79-15" href="#__codelineno-79-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-16" name="__codelineno-79-16" href="#__codelineno-79-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-17" name="__codelineno-79-17" href="#__codelineno-79-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-18" name="__codelineno-79-18" href="#__codelineno-79-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-19" name="__codelineno-79-19" href="#__codelineno-79-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-20" name="__codelineno-79-20" href="#__codelineno-79-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-21" name="__codelineno-79-21" href="#__codelineno-79-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-79-22" name="__codelineno-79-22" href="#__codelineno-79-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-4" name="__codelineno-80-4" href="#__codelineno-80-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-5" name="__codelineno-80-5" href="#__codelineno-80-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-6" name="__codelineno-80-6" href="#__codelineno-80-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-7" name="__codelineno-80-7" href="#__codelineno-80-7"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-8" name="__codelineno-80-8" href="#__codelineno-80-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-9" name="__codelineno-80-9" href="#__codelineno-80-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-10" name="__codelineno-80-10" href="#__codelineno-80-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-11" name="__codelineno-80-11" href="#__codelineno-80-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-12" name="__codelineno-80-12" href="#__codelineno-80-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-13" name="__codelineno-80-13" href="#__codelineno-80-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-14" name="__codelineno-80-14" href="#__codelineno-80-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-15" name="__codelineno-80-15" href="#__codelineno-80-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-16" name="__codelineno-80-16" href="#__codelineno-80-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-17" name="__codelineno-80-17" href="#__codelineno-80-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-18" name="__codelineno-80-18" href="#__codelineno-80-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-19" name="__codelineno-80-19" href="#__codelineno-80-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-20" name="__codelineno-80-20" href="#__codelineno-80-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-80-21" name="__codelineno-80-21" href="#__codelineno-80-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">insert_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-4" name="__codelineno-81-4" href="#__codelineno-81-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-5" name="__codelineno-81-5" href="#__codelineno-81-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-6" name="__codelineno-81-6" href="#__codelineno-81-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-7" name="__codelineno-81-7" href="#__codelineno-81-7"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">insert_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span>: <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-8" name="__codelineno-81-8" href="#__codelineno-81-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-9" name="__codelineno-81-9" href="#__codelineno-81-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-10" name="__codelineno-81-10" href="#__codelineno-81-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-11" name="__codelineno-81-11" href="#__codelineno-81-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-12" name="__codelineno-81-12" href="#__codelineno-81-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node_val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-13" name="__codelineno-81-13" href="#__codelineno-81-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node_val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-14" name="__codelineno-81-14" href="#__codelineno-81-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-15" name="__codelineno-81-15" href="#__codelineno-81-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-16" name="__codelineno-81-16" href="#__codelineno-81-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-17" name="__codelineno-81-17" href="#__codelineno-81-17"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Ordering</span>::<span class="n">Greater</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-18" name="__codelineno-81-18" href="#__codelineno-81-18"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-19" name="__codelineno-81-19" href="#__codelineno-81-19"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">insert_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-20" name="__codelineno-81-20" href="#__codelineno-81-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-21" name="__codelineno-81-21" href="#__codelineno-81-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Ordering</span>::<span class="n">Less</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-22" name="__codelineno-81-22" href="#__codelineno-81-22"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-23" name="__codelineno-81-23" href="#__codelineno-81-23"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">insert_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-24" name="__codelineno-81-24" href="#__codelineno-81-24"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-25" name="__codelineno-81-25" href="#__codelineno-81-25"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">Ordering</span>::<span class="n">Equal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-26" name="__codelineno-81-26" href="#__codelineno-81-26"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-27" name="__codelineno-81-27" href="#__codelineno-81-27"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-28" name="__codelineno-81-28" href="#__codelineno-81-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-29" name="__codelineno-81-29" href="#__codelineno-81-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()));</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-30" name="__codelineno-81-30" href="#__codelineno-81-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-31" name="__codelineno-81-31" href="#__codelineno-81-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-32" name="__codelineno-81-32" href="#__codelineno-81-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-33" name="__codelineno-81-33" href="#__codelineno-81-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-34" name="__codelineno-81-34" href="#__codelineno-81-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-35" name="__codelineno-81-35" href="#__codelineno-81-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)),</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-36" name="__codelineno-81-36" href="#__codelineno-81-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-81-37" name="__codelineno-81-37" href="#__codelineno-81-37"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert_helper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">aVLTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-5" name="__codelineno-82-5" href="#__codelineno-82-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-6" name="__codelineno-82-6" href="#__codelineno-82-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归插入节点（辅助函数） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-7" name="__codelineno-82-7" href="#__codelineno-82-7"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-8" name="__codelineno-82-8" href="#__codelineno-82-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-9" name="__codelineno-82-9" href="#__codelineno-82-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-10" name="__codelineno-82-10" href="#__codelineno-82-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-11" name="__codelineno-82-11" href="#__codelineno-82-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-12" name="__codelineno-82-12" href="#__codelineno-82-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-13" name="__codelineno-82-13" href="#__codelineno-82-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-14" name="__codelineno-82-14" href="#__codelineno-82-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-15" name="__codelineno-82-15" href="#__codelineno-82-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-16" name="__codelineno-82-16" href="#__codelineno-82-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-17" name="__codelineno-82-17" href="#__codelineno-82-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-18" name="__codelineno-82-18" href="#__codelineno-82-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-19" name="__codelineno-82-19" href="#__codelineno-82-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-20" name="__codelineno-82-20" href="#__codelineno-82-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-21" name="__codelineno-82-21" href="#__codelineno-82-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-22" name="__codelineno-82-22" href="#__codelineno-82-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-23" name="__codelineno-82-23" href="#__codelineno-82-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-24" name="__codelineno-82-24" href="#__codelineno-82-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-25" name="__codelineno-82-25" href="#__codelineno-82-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-82-26" name="__codelineno-82-26" href="#__codelineno-82-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-2" name="__codelineno-83-2" href="#__codelineno-83-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-3" name="__codelineno-83-3" href="#__codelineno-83-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)).</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-4" name="__codelineno-83-4" href="#__codelineno-83-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-5" name="__codelineno-83-5" href="#__codelineno-83-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-6" name="__codelineno-83-6" href="#__codelineno-83-6"></a><span class="c1">// 递归插入节点（辅助方法）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-7" name="__codelineno-83-7" href="#__codelineno-83-7"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node_</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-8" name="__codelineno-83-8" href="#__codelineno-83-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node_</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-9" name="__codelineno-83-9" href="#__codelineno-83-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-10" name="__codelineno-83-10" href="#__codelineno-83-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-11" name="__codelineno-83-11" href="#__codelineno-83-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-12" name="__codelineno-83-12" href="#__codelineno-83-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-13" name="__codelineno-83-13" href="#__codelineno-83-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-14" name="__codelineno-83-14" href="#__codelineno-83-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 查找插入位置，并插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-15" name="__codelineno-83-15" href="#__codelineno-83-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-16" name="__codelineno-83-16" href="#__codelineno-83-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-17" name="__codelineno-83-17" href="#__codelineno-83-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-18" name="__codelineno-83-18" href="#__codelineno-83-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-19" name="__codelineno-83-19" href="#__codelineno-83-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-20" name="__codelineno-83-20" href="#__codelineno-83-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 重复节点不插入，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-21" name="__codelineno-83-21" href="#__codelineno-83-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-22" name="__codelineno-83-22" href="#__codelineno-83-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-23" name="__codelineno-83-23" href="#__codelineno-83-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-24" name="__codelineno-83-24" href="#__codelineno-83-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-25" name="__codelineno-83-25" href="#__codelineno-83-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-26" name="__codelineno-83-26" href="#__codelineno-83-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-83-27" name="__codelineno-83-27" href="#__codelineno-83-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-83-2" name="__codelineno-83-2" href="#__codelineno-83-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-83-3" name="__codelineno-83-3" href="#__codelineno-83-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insertHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5255,534 +4182,75 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="9:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_9_1" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_2" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_3" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_4" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_5" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_6" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_7" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_8" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_9" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_10" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_11" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_9_12" name="__tabbed_9" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_9_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_9_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_9_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_9_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_9_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_9_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_9_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_9_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_9_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_9_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_9_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_9_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-2" name="__codelineno-84-2" href="#__codelineno-84-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除节点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-3" name="__codelineno-84-3" href="#__codelineno-84-3"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-4" name="__codelineno-84-4" href="#__codelineno-84-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-5" name="__codelineno-84-5" href="#__codelineno-84-5"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-6" name="__codelineno-84-6" href="#__codelineno-84-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;递归删除节点（辅助方法）&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-7" name="__codelineno-84-7" href="#__codelineno-84-7"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-8" name="__codelineno-84-8" href="#__codelineno-84-8"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-9" name="__codelineno-84-9" href="#__codelineno-84-9"></a>    <span class="c1"># 1. 查找节点，并删除之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-10" name="__codelineno-84-10" href="#__codelineno-84-10"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-11" name="__codelineno-84-11" href="#__codelineno-84-11"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-12" name="__codelineno-84-12" href="#__codelineno-84-12"></a>    <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-13" name="__codelineno-84-13" href="#__codelineno-84-13"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-14" name="__codelineno-84-14" href="#__codelineno-84-14"></a>    <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-15" name="__codelineno-84-15" href="#__codelineno-84-15"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-16" name="__codelineno-84-16" href="#__codelineno-84-16"></a>            <span class="n">child</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-17" name="__codelineno-84-17" href="#__codelineno-84-17"></a>            <span class="c1"># 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-18" name="__codelineno-84-18" href="#__codelineno-84-18"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">child</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-19" name="__codelineno-84-19" href="#__codelineno-84-19"></a>                <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-20" name="__codelineno-84-20" href="#__codelineno-84-20"></a>            <span class="c1"># 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-21" name="__codelineno-84-21" href="#__codelineno-84-21"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-22" name="__codelineno-84-22" href="#__codelineno-84-22"></a>                <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-23" name="__codelineno-84-23" href="#__codelineno-84-23"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-24" name="__codelineno-84-24" href="#__codelineno-84-24"></a>            <span class="c1"># 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-25" name="__codelineno-84-25" href="#__codelineno-84-25"></a>            <span class="n">temp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-26" name="__codelineno-84-26" href="#__codelineno-84-26"></a>            <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-27" name="__codelineno-84-27" href="#__codelineno-84-27"></a>                <span class="n">temp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-28" name="__codelineno-84-28" href="#__codelineno-84-28"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-29" name="__codelineno-84-29" href="#__codelineno-84-29"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-30" name="__codelineno-84-30" href="#__codelineno-84-30"></a>    <span class="c1"># 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-31" name="__codelineno-84-31" href="#__codelineno-84-31"></a>    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-32" name="__codelineno-84-32" href="#__codelineno-84-32"></a>    <span class="c1"># 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-84-33" name="__codelineno-84-33" href="#__codelineno-84-33"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-84-2" name="__codelineno-84-2" href="#__codelineno-84-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-84-3" name="__codelineno-84-3" href="#__codelineno-84-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">__remove_helper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-2" name="__codelineno-85-2" href="#__codelineno-85-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-3" name="__codelineno-85-3" href="#__codelineno-85-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-4" name="__codelineno-85-4" href="#__codelineno-85-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-5" name="__codelineno-85-5" href="#__codelineno-85-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-6" name="__codelineno-85-6" href="#__codelineno-85-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-7" name="__codelineno-85-7" href="#__codelineno-85-7"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-8" name="__codelineno-85-8" href="#__codelineno-85-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-9" name="__codelineno-85-9" href="#__codelineno-85-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-10" name="__codelineno-85-10" href="#__codelineno-85-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-11" name="__codelineno-85-11" href="#__codelineno-85-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-12" name="__codelineno-85-12" href="#__codelineno-85-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-13" name="__codelineno-85-13" href="#__codelineno-85-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-14" name="__codelineno-85-14" href="#__codelineno-85-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-15" name="__codelineno-85-15" href="#__codelineno-85-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-16" name="__codelineno-85-16" href="#__codelineno-85-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-17" name="__codelineno-85-17" href="#__codelineno-85-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-18" name="__codelineno-85-18" href="#__codelineno-85-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-19" name="__codelineno-85-19" href="#__codelineno-85-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-20" name="__codelineno-85-20" href="#__codelineno-85-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-21" name="__codelineno-85-21" href="#__codelineno-85-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-22" name="__codelineno-85-22" href="#__codelineno-85-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-23" name="__codelineno-85-23" href="#__codelineno-85-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-24" name="__codelineno-85-24" href="#__codelineno-85-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-25" name="__codelineno-85-25" href="#__codelineno-85-25"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-26" name="__codelineno-85-26" href="#__codelineno-85-26"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-27" name="__codelineno-85-27" href="#__codelineno-85-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-28" name="__codelineno-85-28" href="#__codelineno-85-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-29" name="__codelineno-85-29" href="#__codelineno-85-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-30" name="__codelineno-85-30" href="#__codelineno-85-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-31" name="__codelineno-85-31" href="#__codelineno-85-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-32" name="__codelineno-85-32" href="#__codelineno-85-32"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-33" name="__codelineno-85-33" href="#__codelineno-85-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-34" name="__codelineno-85-34" href="#__codelineno-85-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tempVal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-35" name="__codelineno-85-35" href="#__codelineno-85-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-36" name="__codelineno-85-36" href="#__codelineno-85-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tempVal</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-37" name="__codelineno-85-37" href="#__codelineno-85-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-38" name="__codelineno-85-38" href="#__codelineno-85-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-39" name="__codelineno-85-39" href="#__codelineno-85-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-40" name="__codelineno-85-40" href="#__codelineno-85-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-41" name="__codelineno-85-41" href="#__codelineno-85-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-42" name="__codelineno-85-42" href="#__codelineno-85-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-43" name="__codelineno-85-43" href="#__codelineno-85-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-85-44" name="__codelineno-85-44" href="#__codelineno-85-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-85-2" name="__codelineno-85-2" href="#__codelineno-85-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-85-3" name="__codelineno-85-3" href="#__codelineno-85-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-2" name="__codelineno-86-2" href="#__codelineno-86-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-3" name="__codelineno-86-3" href="#__codelineno-86-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-4" name="__codelineno-86-4" href="#__codelineno-86-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-5" name="__codelineno-86-5" href="#__codelineno-86-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-6" name="__codelineno-86-6" href="#__codelineno-86-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-7" name="__codelineno-86-7" href="#__codelineno-86-7"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-8" name="__codelineno-86-8" href="#__codelineno-86-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-9" name="__codelineno-86-9" href="#__codelineno-86-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-10" name="__codelineno-86-10" href="#__codelineno-86-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-11" name="__codelineno-86-11" href="#__codelineno-86-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-12" name="__codelineno-86-12" href="#__codelineno-86-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-13" name="__codelineno-86-13" href="#__codelineno-86-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-14" name="__codelineno-86-14" href="#__codelineno-86-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-15" name="__codelineno-86-15" href="#__codelineno-86-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-16" name="__codelineno-86-16" href="#__codelineno-86-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-17" name="__codelineno-86-17" href="#__codelineno-86-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-18" name="__codelineno-86-18" href="#__codelineno-86-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-19" name="__codelineno-86-19" href="#__codelineno-86-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-20" name="__codelineno-86-20" href="#__codelineno-86-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-21" name="__codelineno-86-21" href="#__codelineno-86-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-22" name="__codelineno-86-22" href="#__codelineno-86-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-23" name="__codelineno-86-23" href="#__codelineno-86-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-24" name="__codelineno-86-24" href="#__codelineno-86-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-25" name="__codelineno-86-25" href="#__codelineno-86-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-26" name="__codelineno-86-26" href="#__codelineno-86-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-27" name="__codelineno-86-27" href="#__codelineno-86-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-28" name="__codelineno-86-28" href="#__codelineno-86-28"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-29" name="__codelineno-86-29" href="#__codelineno-86-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-30" name="__codelineno-86-30" href="#__codelineno-86-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-31" name="__codelineno-86-31" href="#__codelineno-86-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-32" name="__codelineno-86-32" href="#__codelineno-86-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-33" name="__codelineno-86-33" href="#__codelineno-86-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-34" name="__codelineno-86-34" href="#__codelineno-86-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-35" name="__codelineno-86-35" href="#__codelineno-86-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-36" name="__codelineno-86-36" href="#__codelineno-86-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-37" name="__codelineno-86-37" href="#__codelineno-86-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-38" name="__codelineno-86-38" href="#__codelineno-86-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-86-39" name="__codelineno-86-39" href="#__codelineno-86-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-86-2" name="__codelineno-86-2" href="#__codelineno-86-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-86-3" name="__codelineno-86-3" href="#__codelineno-86-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-2" name="__codelineno-87-2" href="#__codelineno-87-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-3" name="__codelineno-87-3" href="#__codelineno-87-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-4" name="__codelineno-87-4" href="#__codelineno-87-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-5" name="__codelineno-87-5" href="#__codelineno-87-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-6" name="__codelineno-87-6" href="#__codelineno-87-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-7" name="__codelineno-87-7" href="#__codelineno-87-7"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-8" name="__codelineno-87-8" href="#__codelineno-87-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-9" name="__codelineno-87-9" href="#__codelineno-87-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-10" name="__codelineno-87-10" href="#__codelineno-87-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-11" name="__codelineno-87-11" href="#__codelineno-87-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-12" name="__codelineno-87-12" href="#__codelineno-87-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-13" name="__codelineno-87-13" href="#__codelineno-87-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-14" name="__codelineno-87-14" href="#__codelineno-87-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-15" name="__codelineno-87-15" href="#__codelineno-87-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-16" name="__codelineno-87-16" href="#__codelineno-87-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-17" name="__codelineno-87-17" href="#__codelineno-87-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-18" name="__codelineno-87-18" href="#__codelineno-87-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-19" name="__codelineno-87-19" href="#__codelineno-87-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-20" name="__codelineno-87-20" href="#__codelineno-87-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-21" name="__codelineno-87-21" href="#__codelineno-87-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-22" name="__codelineno-87-22" href="#__codelineno-87-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-23" name="__codelineno-87-23" href="#__codelineno-87-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-24" name="__codelineno-87-24" href="#__codelineno-87-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-25" name="__codelineno-87-25" href="#__codelineno-87-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-26" name="__codelineno-87-26" href="#__codelineno-87-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-27" name="__codelineno-87-27" href="#__codelineno-87-27"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-28" name="__codelineno-87-28" href="#__codelineno-87-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-29" name="__codelineno-87-29" href="#__codelineno-87-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-30" name="__codelineno-87-30" href="#__codelineno-87-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-31" name="__codelineno-87-31" href="#__codelineno-87-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-32" name="__codelineno-87-32" href="#__codelineno-87-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-33" name="__codelineno-87-33" href="#__codelineno-87-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-34" name="__codelineno-87-34" href="#__codelineno-87-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-35" name="__codelineno-87-35" href="#__codelineno-87-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-36" name="__codelineno-87-36" href="#__codelineno-87-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-37" name="__codelineno-87-37" href="#__codelineno-87-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-87-38" name="__codelineno-87-38" href="#__codelineno-87-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="k">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-87-2" name="__codelineno-87-2" href="#__codelineno-87-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-87-3" name="__codelineno-87-3" href="#__codelineno-87-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-88-1" name="__codelineno-88-1" href="#__codelineno-88-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-2" name="__codelineno-88-2" href="#__codelineno-88-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-3" name="__codelineno-88-3" href="#__codelineno-88-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-4" name="__codelineno-88-4" href="#__codelineno-88-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-5" name="__codelineno-88-5" href="#__codelineno-88-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-6" name="__codelineno-88-6" href="#__codelineno-88-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助函数） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-7" name="__codelineno-88-7" href="#__codelineno-88-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-8" name="__codelineno-88-8" href="#__codelineno-88-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-9" name="__codelineno-88-9" href="#__codelineno-88-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-10" name="__codelineno-88-10" href="#__codelineno-88-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-11" name="__codelineno-88-11" href="#__codelineno-88-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-12" name="__codelineno-88-12" href="#__codelineno-88-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-13" name="__codelineno-88-13" href="#__codelineno-88-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-14" name="__codelineno-88-14" href="#__codelineno-88-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-15" name="__codelineno-88-15" href="#__codelineno-88-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-16" name="__codelineno-88-16" href="#__codelineno-88-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-17" name="__codelineno-88-17" href="#__codelineno-88-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-18" name="__codelineno-88-18" href="#__codelineno-88-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-19" name="__codelineno-88-19" href="#__codelineno-88-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-20" name="__codelineno-88-20" href="#__codelineno-88-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-21" name="__codelineno-88-21" href="#__codelineno-88-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-22" name="__codelineno-88-22" href="#__codelineno-88-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-23" name="__codelineno-88-23" href="#__codelineno-88-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-24" name="__codelineno-88-24" href="#__codelineno-88-24"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-25" name="__codelineno-88-25" href="#__codelineno-88-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-26" name="__codelineno-88-26" href="#__codelineno-88-26"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-27" name="__codelineno-88-27" href="#__codelineno-88-27"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-28" name="__codelineno-88-28" href="#__codelineno-88-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-29" name="__codelineno-88-29" href="#__codelineno-88-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-30" name="__codelineno-88-30" href="#__codelineno-88-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-31" name="__codelineno-88-31" href="#__codelineno-88-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-32" name="__codelineno-88-32" href="#__codelineno-88-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-33" name="__codelineno-88-33" href="#__codelineno-88-33"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-34" name="__codelineno-88-34" href="#__codelineno-88-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-35" name="__codelineno-88-35" href="#__codelineno-88-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-36" name="__codelineno-88-36" href="#__codelineno-88-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-37" name="__codelineno-88-37" href="#__codelineno-88-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-38" name="__codelineno-88-38" href="#__codelineno-88-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-39" name="__codelineno-88-39" href="#__codelineno-88-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-40" name="__codelineno-88-40" href="#__codelineno-88-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-41" name="__codelineno-88-41" href="#__codelineno-88-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-42" name="__codelineno-88-42" href="#__codelineno-88-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-43" name="__codelineno-88-43" href="#__codelineno-88-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-44" name="__codelineno-88-44" href="#__codelineno-88-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-88-45" name="__codelineno-88-45" href="#__codelineno-88-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-88-1" name="__codelineno-88-1" href="#__codelineno-88-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-88-2" name="__codelineno-88-2" href="#__codelineno-88-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-88-3" name="__codelineno-88-3" href="#__codelineno-88-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-2" name="__codelineno-89-2" href="#__codelineno-89-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-3" name="__codelineno-89-3" href="#__codelineno-89-3"></a>    <span class="n">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-4" name="__codelineno-89-4" href="#__codelineno-89-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-5" name="__codelineno-89-5" href="#__codelineno-89-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-6" name="__codelineno-89-6" href="#__codelineno-89-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-7" name="__codelineno-89-7" href="#__codelineno-89-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-8" name="__codelineno-89-8" href="#__codelineno-89-8"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-9" name="__codelineno-89-9" href="#__codelineno-89-9"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-10" name="__codelineno-89-10" href="#__codelineno-89-10"></a>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-11" name="__codelineno-89-11" href="#__codelineno-89-11"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-12" name="__codelineno-89-12" href="#__codelineno-89-12"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-13" name="__codelineno-89-13" href="#__codelineno-89-13"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-14" name="__codelineno-89-14" href="#__codelineno-89-14"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-15" name="__codelineno-89-15" href="#__codelineno-89-15"></a>    <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-16" name="__codelineno-89-16" href="#__codelineno-89-16"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-17" name="__codelineno-89-17" href="#__codelineno-89-17"></a>    <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-18" name="__codelineno-89-18" href="#__codelineno-89-18"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-19" name="__codelineno-89-19" href="#__codelineno-89-19"></a>            <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">child</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-20" name="__codelineno-89-20" href="#__codelineno-89-20"></a>            <span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-21" name="__codelineno-89-21" href="#__codelineno-89-21"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">child</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-22" name="__codelineno-89-22" href="#__codelineno-89-22"></a>                <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-23" name="__codelineno-89-23" href="#__codelineno-89-23"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-24" name="__codelineno-89-24" href="#__codelineno-89-24"></a>            <span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-25" name="__codelineno-89-25" href="#__codelineno-89-25"></a>            <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-26" name="__codelineno-89-26" href="#__codelineno-89-26"></a>                <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-27" name="__codelineno-89-27" href="#__codelineno-89-27"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-28" name="__codelineno-89-28" href="#__codelineno-89-28"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-29" name="__codelineno-89-29" href="#__codelineno-89-29"></a>            <span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-30" name="__codelineno-89-30" href="#__codelineno-89-30"></a>            <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">temp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-31" name="__codelineno-89-31" href="#__codelineno-89-31"></a>            <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-32" name="__codelineno-89-32" href="#__codelineno-89-32"></a>                <span class="n">temp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-33" name="__codelineno-89-33" href="#__codelineno-89-33"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-34" name="__codelineno-89-34" href="#__codelineno-89-34"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-35" name="__codelineno-89-35" href="#__codelineno-89-35"></a>            <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-36" name="__codelineno-89-36" href="#__codelineno-89-36"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-37" name="__codelineno-89-37" href="#__codelineno-89-37"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-38" name="__codelineno-89-38" href="#__codelineno-89-38"></a>    <span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-39" name="__codelineno-89-39" href="#__codelineno-89-39"></a>    <span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-40" name="__codelineno-89-40" href="#__codelineno-89-40"></a>    <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-41" name="__codelineno-89-41" href="#__codelineno-89-41"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-42" name="__codelineno-89-42" href="#__codelineno-89-42"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-89-43" name="__codelineno-89-43" href="#__codelineno-89-43"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-89-2" name="__codelineno-89-2" href="#__codelineno-89-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-89-3" name="__codelineno-89-3" href="#__codelineno-89-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-2" name="__codelineno-90-2" href="#__codelineno-90-2"></a><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-3" name="__codelineno-90-3" href="#__codelineno-90-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-4" name="__codelineno-90-4" href="#__codelineno-90-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-5" name="__codelineno-90-5" href="#__codelineno-90-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-6" name="__codelineno-90-6" href="#__codelineno-90-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-7" name="__codelineno-90-7" href="#__codelineno-90-7"></a><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-8" name="__codelineno-90-8" href="#__codelineno-90-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-9" name="__codelineno-90-9" href="#__codelineno-90-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-10" name="__codelineno-90-10" href="#__codelineno-90-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-11" name="__codelineno-90-11" href="#__codelineno-90-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-12" name="__codelineno-90-12" href="#__codelineno-90-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-13" name="__codelineno-90-13" href="#__codelineno-90-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-14" name="__codelineno-90-14" href="#__codelineno-90-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-15" name="__codelineno-90-15" href="#__codelineno-90-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-16" name="__codelineno-90-16" href="#__codelineno-90-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-17" name="__codelineno-90-17" href="#__codelineno-90-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-18" name="__codelineno-90-18" href="#__codelineno-90-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-19" name="__codelineno-90-19" href="#__codelineno-90-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-20" name="__codelineno-90-20" href="#__codelineno-90-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-21" name="__codelineno-90-21" href="#__codelineno-90-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-22" name="__codelineno-90-22" href="#__codelineno-90-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-23" name="__codelineno-90-23" href="#__codelineno-90-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-24" name="__codelineno-90-24" href="#__codelineno-90-24"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-25" name="__codelineno-90-25" href="#__codelineno-90-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-26" name="__codelineno-90-26" href="#__codelineno-90-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-27" name="__codelineno-90-27" href="#__codelineno-90-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-28" name="__codelineno-90-28" href="#__codelineno-90-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-29" name="__codelineno-90-29" href="#__codelineno-90-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-30" name="__codelineno-90-30" href="#__codelineno-90-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-31" name="__codelineno-90-31" href="#__codelineno-90-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-32" name="__codelineno-90-32" href="#__codelineno-90-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-33" name="__codelineno-90-33" href="#__codelineno-90-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-34" name="__codelineno-90-34" href="#__codelineno-90-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-90-35" name="__codelineno-90-35" href="#__codelineno-90-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-90-2" name="__codelineno-90-2" href="#__codelineno-90-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-90-3" name="__codelineno-90-3" href="#__codelineno-90-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-91-1" name="__codelineno-91-1" href="#__codelineno-91-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-2" name="__codelineno-91-2" href="#__codelineno-91-2"></a><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-3" name="__codelineno-91-3" href="#__codelineno-91-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-4" name="__codelineno-91-4" href="#__codelineno-91-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-5" name="__codelineno-91-5" href="#__codelineno-91-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-6" name="__codelineno-91-6" href="#__codelineno-91-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-7" name="__codelineno-91-7" href="#__codelineno-91-7"></a><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-8" name="__codelineno-91-8" href="#__codelineno-91-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-9" name="__codelineno-91-9" href="#__codelineno-91-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-10" name="__codelineno-91-10" href="#__codelineno-91-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-11" name="__codelineno-91-11" href="#__codelineno-91-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-12" name="__codelineno-91-12" href="#__codelineno-91-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-13" name="__codelineno-91-13" href="#__codelineno-91-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-14" name="__codelineno-91-14" href="#__codelineno-91-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-15" name="__codelineno-91-15" href="#__codelineno-91-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-16" name="__codelineno-91-16" href="#__codelineno-91-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node.left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">node.right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-17" name="__codelineno-91-17" href="#__codelineno-91-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-18" name="__codelineno-91-18" href="#__codelineno-91-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-19" name="__codelineno-91-19" href="#__codelineno-91-19"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-20" name="__codelineno-91-20" href="#__codelineno-91-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-21" name="__codelineno-91-21" href="#__codelineno-91-21"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-22" name="__codelineno-91-22" href="#__codelineno-91-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-23" name="__codelineno-91-23" href="#__codelineno-91-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-24" name="__codelineno-91-24" href="#__codelineno-91-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-25" name="__codelineno-91-25" href="#__codelineno-91-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-26" name="__codelineno-91-26" href="#__codelineno-91-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-27" name="__codelineno-91-27" href="#__codelineno-91-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-28" name="__codelineno-91-28" href="#__codelineno-91-28"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-29" name="__codelineno-91-29" href="#__codelineno-91-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-30" name="__codelineno-91-30" href="#__codelineno-91-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-31" name="__codelineno-91-31" href="#__codelineno-91-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-32" name="__codelineno-91-32" href="#__codelineno-91-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-33" name="__codelineno-91-33" href="#__codelineno-91-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-34" name="__codelineno-91-34" href="#__codelineno-91-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-35" name="__codelineno-91-35" href="#__codelineno-91-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-36" name="__codelineno-91-36" href="#__codelineno-91-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-37" name="__codelineno-91-37" href="#__codelineno-91-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-38" name="__codelineno-91-38" href="#__codelineno-91-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-91-39" name="__codelineno-91-39" href="#__codelineno-91-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-91-1" name="__codelineno-91-1" href="#__codelineno-91-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-91-2" name="__codelineno-91-2" href="#__codelineno-91-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-91-3" name="__codelineno-91-3" href="#__codelineno-91-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-92-1" name="__codelineno-92-1" href="#__codelineno-92-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-2" name="__codelineno-92-2" href="#__codelineno-92-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-3" name="__codelineno-92-3" href="#__codelineno-92-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-4" name="__codelineno-92-4" href="#__codelineno-92-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-5" name="__codelineno-92-5" href="#__codelineno-92-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-6" name="__codelineno-92-6" href="#__codelineno-92-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-7" name="__codelineno-92-7" href="#__codelineno-92-7"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-8" name="__codelineno-92-8" href="#__codelineno-92-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-9" name="__codelineno-92-9" href="#__codelineno-92-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-10" name="__codelineno-92-10" href="#__codelineno-92-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-11" name="__codelineno-92-11" href="#__codelineno-92-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-12" name="__codelineno-92-12" href="#__codelineno-92-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-13" name="__codelineno-92-13" href="#__codelineno-92-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-14" name="__codelineno-92-14" href="#__codelineno-92-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-15" name="__codelineno-92-15" href="#__codelineno-92-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-16" name="__codelineno-92-16" href="#__codelineno-92-16"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">??</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-17" name="__codelineno-92-17" href="#__codelineno-92-17"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-18" name="__codelineno-92-18" href="#__codelineno-92-18"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-19" name="__codelineno-92-19" href="#__codelineno-92-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-20" name="__codelineno-92-20" href="#__codelineno-92-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-21" name="__codelineno-92-21" href="#__codelineno-92-21"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-22" name="__codelineno-92-22" href="#__codelineno-92-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-23" name="__codelineno-92-23" href="#__codelineno-92-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-24" name="__codelineno-92-24" href="#__codelineno-92-24"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-25" name="__codelineno-92-25" href="#__codelineno-92-25"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-26" name="__codelineno-92-26" href="#__codelineno-92-26"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-27" name="__codelineno-92-27" href="#__codelineno-92-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-28" name="__codelineno-92-28" href="#__codelineno-92-28"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-29" name="__codelineno-92-29" href="#__codelineno-92-29"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-30" name="__codelineno-92-30" href="#__codelineno-92-30"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-31" name="__codelineno-92-31" href="#__codelineno-92-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-32" name="__codelineno-92-32" href="#__codelineno-92-32"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-33" name="__codelineno-92-33" href="#__codelineno-92-33"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-34" name="__codelineno-92-34" href="#__codelineno-92-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-35" name="__codelineno-92-35" href="#__codelineno-92-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-36" name="__codelineno-92-36" href="#__codelineno-92-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-37" name="__codelineno-92-37" href="#__codelineno-92-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-92-38" name="__codelineno-92-38" href="#__codelineno-92-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-92-1" name="__codelineno-92-1" href="#__codelineno-92-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-92-2" name="__codelineno-92-2" href="#__codelineno-92-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-92-3" name="__codelineno-92-3" href="#__codelineno-92-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-93-1" name="__codelineno-93-1" href="#__codelineno-93-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-2" name="__codelineno-93-2" href="#__codelineno-93-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-3" name="__codelineno-93-3" href="#__codelineno-93-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-4" name="__codelineno-93-4" href="#__codelineno-93-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-5" name="__codelineno-93-5" href="#__codelineno-93-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-6" name="__codelineno-93-6" href="#__codelineno-93-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助方法） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-7" name="__codelineno-93-7" href="#__codelineno-93-7"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span>: <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nc">OptionTreeNodeRc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-8" name="__codelineno-93-8" href="#__codelineno-93-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-9" name="__codelineno-93-9" href="#__codelineno-93-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-10" name="__codelineno-93-10" href="#__codelineno-93-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-11" name="__codelineno-93-11" href="#__codelineno-93-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-12" name="__codelineno-93-12" href="#__codelineno-93-12"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-13" name="__codelineno-93-13" href="#__codelineno-93-13"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-14" name="__codelineno-93-14" href="#__codelineno-93-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-15" name="__codelineno-93-15" href="#__codelineno-93-15"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-16" name="__codelineno-93-16" href="#__codelineno-93-16"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-17" name="__codelineno-93-17" href="#__codelineno-93-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-18" name="__codelineno-93-18" href="#__codelineno-93-18"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_some</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-19" name="__codelineno-93-19" href="#__codelineno-93-19"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-20" name="__codelineno-93-20" href="#__codelineno-93-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-21" name="__codelineno-93-21" href="#__codelineno-93-21"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-22" name="__codelineno-93-22" href="#__codelineno-93-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-23" name="__codelineno-93-23" href="#__codelineno-93-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-24" name="__codelineno-93-24" href="#__codelineno-93-24"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-25" name="__codelineno-93-25" href="#__codelineno-93-25"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-26" name="__codelineno-93-26" href="#__codelineno-93-26"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-27" name="__codelineno-93-27" href="#__codelineno-93-27"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-28" name="__codelineno-93-28" href="#__codelineno-93-28"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-29" name="__codelineno-93-29" href="#__codelineno-93-29"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-30" name="__codelineno-93-30" href="#__codelineno-93-30"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-31" name="__codelineno-93-31" href="#__codelineno-93-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-32" name="__codelineno-93-32" href="#__codelineno-93-32"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-33" name="__codelineno-93-33" href="#__codelineno-93-33"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-34" name="__codelineno-93-34" href="#__codelineno-93-34"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">loop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-35" name="__codelineno-93-35" href="#__codelineno-93-35"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp_left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-36" name="__codelineno-93-36" href="#__codelineno-93-36"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp_left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-37" name="__codelineno-93-37" href="#__codelineno-93-37"></a><span class="w">                        </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-38" name="__codelineno-93-38" href="#__codelineno-93-38"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-39" name="__codelineno-93-39" href="#__codelineno-93-39"></a><span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp_left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-40" name="__codelineno-93-40" href="#__codelineno-93-40"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-41" name="__codelineno-93-41" href="#__codelineno-93-41"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-42" name="__codelineno-93-42" href="#__codelineno-93-42"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">remove_helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-43" name="__codelineno-93-43" href="#__codelineno-93-43"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-44" name="__codelineno-93-44" href="#__codelineno-93-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-45" name="__codelineno-93-45" href="#__codelineno-93-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">update_height</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()));</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-46" name="__codelineno-93-46" href="#__codelineno-93-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-47" name="__codelineno-93-47" href="#__codelineno-93-47"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span>::<span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)).</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-48" name="__codelineno-93-48" href="#__codelineno-93-48"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-49" name="__codelineno-93-49" href="#__codelineno-93-49"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-50" name="__codelineno-93-50" href="#__codelineno-93-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-51" name="__codelineno-93-51" href="#__codelineno-93-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-52" name="__codelineno-93-52" href="#__codelineno-93-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-93-53" name="__codelineno-93-53" href="#__codelineno-93-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-93-1" name="__codelineno-93-1" href="#__codelineno-93-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-93-2" name="__codelineno-93-2" href="#__codelineno-93-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-93-3" name="__codelineno-93-3" href="#__codelineno-93-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove_helper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-94-1" name="__codelineno-94-1" href="#__codelineno-94-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-2" name="__codelineno-94-2" href="#__codelineno-94-2"></a><span class="c1">// 由于引入了 stdio.h ，此处无法使用 remove 关键词</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-3" name="__codelineno-94-3" href="#__codelineno-94-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">aVLTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-4" name="__codelineno-94-4" href="#__codelineno-94-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-5" name="__codelineno-94-5" href="#__codelineno-94-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-6" name="__codelineno-94-6" href="#__codelineno-94-6"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-7" name="__codelineno-94-7" href="#__codelineno-94-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 递归删除节点（辅助函数） */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-8" name="__codelineno-94-8" href="#__codelineno-94-8"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-9" name="__codelineno-94-9" href="#__codelineno-94-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">grandChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-10" name="__codelineno-94-10" href="#__codelineno-94-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-11" name="__codelineno-94-11" href="#__codelineno-94-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-12" name="__codelineno-94-12" href="#__codelineno-94-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-13" name="__codelineno-94-13" href="#__codelineno-94-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 1. 查找节点，并删除之 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-14" name="__codelineno-94-14" href="#__codelineno-94-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-15" name="__codelineno-94-15" href="#__codelineno-94-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-16" name="__codelineno-94-16" href="#__codelineno-94-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-17" name="__codelineno-94-17" href="#__codelineno-94-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-18" name="__codelineno-94-18" href="#__codelineno-94-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-19" name="__codelineno-94-19" href="#__codelineno-94-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-20" name="__codelineno-94-20" href="#__codelineno-94-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-21" name="__codelineno-94-21" href="#__codelineno-94-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-22" name="__codelineno-94-22" href="#__codelineno-94-22"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-23" name="__codelineno-94-23" href="#__codelineno-94-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-24" name="__codelineno-94-24" href="#__codelineno-94-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-25" name="__codelineno-94-25" href="#__codelineno-94-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-26" name="__codelineno-94-26" href="#__codelineno-94-26"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-27" name="__codelineno-94-27" href="#__codelineno-94-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-28" name="__codelineno-94-28" href="#__codelineno-94-28"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-29" name="__codelineno-94-29" href="#__codelineno-94-29"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-30" name="__codelineno-94-30" href="#__codelineno-94-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-31" name="__codelineno-94-31" href="#__codelineno-94-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-32" name="__codelineno-94-32" href="#__codelineno-94-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-33" name="__codelineno-94-33" href="#__codelineno-94-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-34" name="__codelineno-94-34" href="#__codelineno-94-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-35" name="__codelineno-94-35" href="#__codelineno-94-35"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-36" name="__codelineno-94-36" href="#__codelineno-94-36"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-37" name="__codelineno-94-37" href="#__codelineno-94-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tempVal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-38" name="__codelineno-94-38" href="#__codelineno-94-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-39" name="__codelineno-94-39" href="#__codelineno-94-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tempVal</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-40" name="__codelineno-94-40" href="#__codelineno-94-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-41" name="__codelineno-94-41" href="#__codelineno-94-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-42" name="__codelineno-94-42" href="#__codelineno-94-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-43" name="__codelineno-94-43" href="#__codelineno-94-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-44" name="__codelineno-94-44" href="#__codelineno-94-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-45" name="__codelineno-94-45" href="#__codelineno-94-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-46" name="__codelineno-94-46" href="#__codelineno-94-46"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-47" name="__codelineno-94-47" href="#__codelineno-94-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-94-48" name="__codelineno-94-48" href="#__codelineno-94-48"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-94-1" name="__codelineno-94-1" href="#__codelineno-94-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">aVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeNode</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-94-2" name="__codelineno-94-2" href="#__codelineno-94-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-94-3" name="__codelineno-94-3" href="#__codelineno-94-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-95-1" name="__codelineno-95-1" href="#__codelineno-95-1"></a><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-2" name="__codelineno-95-2" href="#__codelineno-95-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-3" name="__codelineno-95-3" href="#__codelineno-95-3"></a><span class="w">   </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-4" name="__codelineno-95-4" href="#__codelineno-95-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-5" name="__codelineno-95-5" href="#__codelineno-95-5"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-6" name="__codelineno-95-6" href="#__codelineno-95-6"></a><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点（辅助方法）</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-7" name="__codelineno-95-7" href="#__codelineno-95-7"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node_</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-8" name="__codelineno-95-8" href="#__codelineno-95-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node_</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-9" name="__codelineno-95-9" href="#__codelineno-95-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-10" name="__codelineno-95-10" href="#__codelineno-95-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 1. 查找节点，并删除之</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-11" name="__codelineno-95-11" href="#__codelineno-95-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-12" name="__codelineno-95-12" href="#__codelineno-95-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-13" name="__codelineno-95-13" href="#__codelineno-95-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-14" name="__codelineno-95-14" href="#__codelineno-95-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-15" name="__codelineno-95-15" href="#__codelineno-95-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-16" name="__codelineno-95-16" href="#__codelineno-95-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-17" name="__codelineno-95-17" href="#__codelineno-95-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-18" name="__codelineno-95-18" href="#__codelineno-95-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 ，直接删除 node 并返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-19" name="__codelineno-95-19" href="#__codelineno-95-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-20" name="__codelineno-95-20" href="#__codelineno-95-20"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-21" name="__codelineno-95-21" href="#__codelineno-95-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 1 ，直接删除 node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-22" name="__codelineno-95-22" href="#__codelineno-95-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-23" name="__codelineno-95-23" href="#__codelineno-95-23"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-24" name="__codelineno-95-24" href="#__codelineno-95-24"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-25" name="__codelineno-95-25" href="#__codelineno-95-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-26" name="__codelineno-95-26" href="#__codelineno-95-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2 ，则将中序遍历的下个节点删除，并用该节点替换当前节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-27" name="__codelineno-95-27" href="#__codelineno-95-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-28" name="__codelineno-95-28" href="#__codelineno-95-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-29" name="__codelineno-95-29" href="#__codelineno-95-29"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-30" name="__codelineno-95-30" href="#__codelineno-95-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-31" name="__codelineno-95-31" href="#__codelineno-95-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-32" name="__codelineno-95-32" href="#__codelineno-95-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-33" name="__codelineno-95-33" href="#__codelineno-95-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-34" name="__codelineno-95-34" href="#__codelineno-95-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-35" name="__codelineno-95-35" href="#__codelineno-95-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">updateHeight</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新节点高度</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-36" name="__codelineno-95-36" href="#__codelineno-95-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 2. 执行旋转操作，使该子树重新恢复平衡</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-37" name="__codelineno-95-37" href="#__codelineno-95-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-38" name="__codelineno-95-38" href="#__codelineno-95-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回子树的根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-39" name="__codelineno-95-39" href="#__codelineno-95-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-95-40" name="__codelineno-95-40" href="#__codelineno-95-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">avl_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-95-1" name="__codelineno-95-1" href="#__codelineno-95-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-95-2" name="__codelineno-95-2" href="#__codelineno-95-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-95-3" name="__codelineno-95-3" href="#__codelineno-95-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">AVLTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeHelper</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -5862,7 +4330,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -5928,31 +4401,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../binary_search_tree/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 7.4 &amp;nbsp; 二叉搜索树" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                7.4 &nbsp; 二叉搜索树
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 7.6 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                7.6 &nbsp; 小结
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -5962,14 +4452,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/index.html b/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/index.html
index 73fa6edbc..10a3bdf44 100644
--- a/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/index.html
+++ b/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3431,256 +3451,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;查找节点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>        <span class="c1"># 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="c1"># 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>        <span class="c1"># 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cur</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">binarySearchTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">cur</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>        <span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>        <span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>    <span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="nx">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="nx">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNodeRc</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 查找节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">binarySearchTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 查找节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到目标节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 返回目标节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3702,386 +3517,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;插入节点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pre</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__root</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>        <span class="c1"># 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>        <span class="n">pre</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>        <span class="c1"># 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>        <span class="c1"># 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>    <span class="c1"># 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>    <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>        <span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a>    <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a>        <span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">binarySearchTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">NewTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 待插入节点之前的节点位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">NewTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>        <span class="n">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">cur</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">pre</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>        <span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>            <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>        <span class="n">pre</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>        <span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>        <span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>    <span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>    <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>        <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>    <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>        <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="bp">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">_root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 插入节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">binarySearchTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，则初始化根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到重复节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 插入节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-27" name="__codelineno-23-27" href="#__codelineno-23-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-28" name="__codelineno-23-28" href="#__codelineno-23-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-29" name="__codelineno-23-29" href="#__codelineno-23-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-30" name="__codelineno-23-30" href="#__codelineno-23-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-31" name="__codelineno-23-31" href="#__codelineno-23-31"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4127,649 +3607,51 @@
 <div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Zig</label></div>
 <div class="tabbed-content">
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;删除节点&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a>    <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pre</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__root</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>        <span class="c1"># 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a>        <span class="n">pre</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a>        <span class="c1"># 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a>        <span class="c1"># 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a>    <span class="c1"># 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-20" name="__codelineno-24-20" href="#__codelineno-24-20"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-21" name="__codelineno-24-21" href="#__codelineno-24-21"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-22" name="__codelineno-24-22" href="#__codelineno-24-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-23" name="__codelineno-24-23" href="#__codelineno-24-23"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-24" name="__codelineno-24-24" href="#__codelineno-24-24"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-25" name="__codelineno-24-25" href="#__codelineno-24-25"></a>        <span class="c1"># 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = null / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-26" name="__codelineno-24-26" href="#__codelineno-24-26"></a>        <span class="n">child</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-27" name="__codelineno-24-27" href="#__codelineno-24-27"></a>        <span class="c1"># 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-28" name="__codelineno-24-28" href="#__codelineno-24-28"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__root</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-29" name="__codelineno-24-29" href="#__codelineno-24-29"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-30" name="__codelineno-24-30" href="#__codelineno-24-30"></a>                <span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-31" name="__codelineno-24-31" href="#__codelineno-24-31"></a>            <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-32" name="__codelineno-24-32" href="#__codelineno-24-32"></a>                <span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-33" name="__codelineno-24-33" href="#__codelineno-24-33"></a>        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-34" name="__codelineno-24-34" href="#__codelineno-24-34"></a>            <span class="c1"># 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-35" name="__codelineno-24-35" href="#__codelineno-24-35"></a>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-36" name="__codelineno-24-36" href="#__codelineno-24-36"></a>    <span class="c1"># 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-37" name="__codelineno-24-37" href="#__codelineno-24-37"></a>    <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-38" name="__codelineno-24-38" href="#__codelineno-24-38"></a>        <span class="c1"># 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-39" name="__codelineno-24-39" href="#__codelineno-24-39"></a>        <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-40" name="__codelineno-24-40" href="#__codelineno-24-40"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-41" name="__codelineno-24-41" href="#__codelineno-24-41"></a>            <span class="n">tmp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-42" name="__codelineno-24-42" href="#__codelineno-24-42"></a>        <span class="c1"># 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-43" name="__codelineno-24-43" href="#__codelineno-24-43"></a>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-44" name="__codelineno-24-44" href="#__codelineno-24-44"></a>        <span class="c1"># 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-24-45" name="__codelineno-24-45" href="#__codelineno-24-45"></a>        <span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = nullptr / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-40" name="__codelineno-25-40" href="#__codelineno-25-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-41" name="__codelineno-25-41" href="#__codelineno-25-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-42" name="__codelineno-25-42" href="#__codelineno-25-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-43" name="__codelineno-25-43" href="#__codelineno-25-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-44" name="__codelineno-25-44" href="#__codelineno-25-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-45" name="__codelineno-25-45" href="#__codelineno-25-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-46" name="__codelineno-25-46" href="#__codelineno-25-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-47" name="__codelineno-25-47" href="#__codelineno-25-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmpVal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-48" name="__codelineno-25-48" href="#__codelineno-25-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-49" name="__codelineno-25-49" href="#__codelineno-25-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-50" name="__codelineno-25-50" href="#__codelineno-25-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-51" name="__codelineno-25-51" href="#__codelineno-25-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmpVal</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-52" name="__codelineno-25-52" href="#__codelineno-25-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-25-53" name="__codelineno-25-53" href="#__codelineno-25-53"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-16" name="__codelineno-26-16" href="#__codelineno-26-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-17" name="__codelineno-26-17" href="#__codelineno-26-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-18" name="__codelineno-26-18" href="#__codelineno-26-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-19" name="__codelineno-26-19" href="#__codelineno-26-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-20" name="__codelineno-26-20" href="#__codelineno-26-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-21" name="__codelineno-26-21" href="#__codelineno-26-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-22" name="__codelineno-26-22" href="#__codelineno-26-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-23" name="__codelineno-26-23" href="#__codelineno-26-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-24" name="__codelineno-26-24" href="#__codelineno-26-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-25" name="__codelineno-26-25" href="#__codelineno-26-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = null / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-26" name="__codelineno-26-26" href="#__codelineno-26-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-27" name="__codelineno-26-27" href="#__codelineno-26-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-28" name="__codelineno-26-28" href="#__codelineno-26-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-29" name="__codelineno-26-29" href="#__codelineno-26-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-30" name="__codelineno-26-30" href="#__codelineno-26-30"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-31" name="__codelineno-26-31" href="#__codelineno-26-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-32" name="__codelineno-26-32" href="#__codelineno-26-32"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-33" name="__codelineno-26-33" href="#__codelineno-26-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-34" name="__codelineno-26-34" href="#__codelineno-26-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-35" name="__codelineno-26-35" href="#__codelineno-26-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-36" name="__codelineno-26-36" href="#__codelineno-26-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-37" name="__codelineno-26-37" href="#__codelineno-26-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-38" name="__codelineno-26-38" href="#__codelineno-26-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-39" name="__codelineno-26-39" href="#__codelineno-26-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-40" name="__codelineno-26-40" href="#__codelineno-26-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-41" name="__codelineno-26-41" href="#__codelineno-26-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-42" name="__codelineno-26-42" href="#__codelineno-26-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-43" name="__codelineno-26-43" href="#__codelineno-26-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-44" name="__codelineno-26-44" href="#__codelineno-26-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-45" name="__codelineno-26-45" href="#__codelineno-26-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-46" name="__codelineno-26-46" href="#__codelineno-26-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-47" name="__codelineno-26-47" href="#__codelineno-26-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-48" name="__codelineno-26-48" href="#__codelineno-26-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-49" name="__codelineno-26-49" href="#__codelineno-26-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-26-50" name="__codelineno-26-50" href="#__codelineno-26-50"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-25" name="__codelineno-27-25" href="#__codelineno-27-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = null / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-26" name="__codelineno-27-26" href="#__codelineno-27-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-27" name="__codelineno-27-27" href="#__codelineno-27-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-28" name="__codelineno-27-28" href="#__codelineno-27-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-29" name="__codelineno-27-29" href="#__codelineno-27-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-30" name="__codelineno-27-30" href="#__codelineno-27-30"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-31" name="__codelineno-27-31" href="#__codelineno-27-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-32" name="__codelineno-27-32" href="#__codelineno-27-32"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-33" name="__codelineno-27-33" href="#__codelineno-27-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-34" name="__codelineno-27-34" href="#__codelineno-27-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-35" name="__codelineno-27-35" href="#__codelineno-27-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-36" name="__codelineno-27-36" href="#__codelineno-27-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-37" name="__codelineno-27-37" href="#__codelineno-27-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-38" name="__codelineno-27-38" href="#__codelineno-27-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-39" name="__codelineno-27-39" href="#__codelineno-27-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-40" name="__codelineno-27-40" href="#__codelineno-27-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-41" name="__codelineno-27-41" href="#__codelineno-27-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-42" name="__codelineno-27-42" href="#__codelineno-27-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-43" name="__codelineno-27-43" href="#__codelineno-27-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-44" name="__codelineno-27-44" href="#__codelineno-27-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-45" name="__codelineno-27-45" href="#__codelineno-27-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-46" name="__codelineno-27-46" href="#__codelineno-27-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-47" name="__codelineno-27-47" href="#__codelineno-27-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-48" name="__codelineno-27-48" href="#__codelineno-27-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-49" name="__codelineno-27-49" href="#__codelineno-27-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-27-50" name="__codelineno-27-50" href="#__codelineno-27-50"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="k">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">binarySearchTree</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点之前的节点位置</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数为 0 或 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 取出待删除节点的子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-35" name="__codelineno-28-35" href="#__codelineno-28-35"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-36" name="__codelineno-28-36" href="#__codelineno-28-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-37" name="__codelineno-28-37" href="#__codelineno-28-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-38" name="__codelineno-28-38" href="#__codelineno-28-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-39" name="__codelineno-28-39" href="#__codelineno-28-39"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-40" name="__codelineno-28-40" href="#__codelineno-28-40"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-41" name="__codelineno-28-41" href="#__codelineno-28-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-42" name="__codelineno-28-42" href="#__codelineno-28-42"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-43" name="__codelineno-28-43" href="#__codelineno-28-43"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-44" name="__codelineno-28-44" href="#__codelineno-28-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-45" name="__codelineno-28-45" href="#__codelineno-28-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-46" name="__codelineno-28-46" href="#__codelineno-28-46"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-47" name="__codelineno-28-47" href="#__codelineno-28-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-48" name="__codelineno-28-48" href="#__codelineno-28-48"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数为 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-49" name="__codelineno-28-49" href="#__codelineno-28-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-50" name="__codelineno-28-50" href="#__codelineno-28-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中待删除节点 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-51" name="__codelineno-28-51" href="#__codelineno-28-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-52" name="__codelineno-28-52" href="#__codelineno-28-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-53" name="__codelineno-28-53" href="#__codelineno-28-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-54" name="__codelineno-28-54" href="#__codelineno-28-54"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-55" name="__codelineno-28-55" href="#__codelineno-28-55"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-56" name="__codelineno-28-56" href="#__codelineno-28-56"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">bst</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">.(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-57" name="__codelineno-28-57" href="#__codelineno-28-57"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-58" name="__codelineno-28-58" href="#__codelineno-28-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-59" name="__codelineno-28-59" href="#__codelineno-28-59"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-28-60" name="__codelineno-28-60" href="#__codelineno-28-60"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">binarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">cur</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">pre</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>    <span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>        <span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>            <span class="k">break</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>        <span class="n">pre</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>        <span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a>        <span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a>        <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a>            <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-24" name="__codelineno-29-24" href="#__codelineno-29-24"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-25" name="__codelineno-29-25" href="#__codelineno-29-25"></a>    <span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-26" name="__codelineno-29-26" href="#__codelineno-29-26"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-27" name="__codelineno-29-27" href="#__codelineno-29-27"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-28" name="__codelineno-29-28" href="#__codelineno-29-28"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-29" name="__codelineno-29-29" href="#__codelineno-29-29"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-30" name="__codelineno-29-30" href="#__codelineno-29-30"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-31" name="__codelineno-29-31" href="#__codelineno-29-31"></a>        <span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = null / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-32" name="__codelineno-29-32" href="#__codelineno-29-32"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">child</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-33" name="__codelineno-29-33" href="#__codelineno-29-33"></a>        <span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-34" name="__codelineno-29-34" href="#__codelineno-29-34"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="o">!==</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-35" name="__codelineno-29-35" href="#__codelineno-29-35"></a>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">===</span> <span class="n">cur</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-36" name="__codelineno-29-36" href="#__codelineno-29-36"></a>                <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-37" name="__codelineno-29-37" href="#__codelineno-29-37"></a>            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-38" name="__codelineno-29-38" href="#__codelineno-29-38"></a>                <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-39" name="__codelineno-29-39" href="#__codelineno-29-39"></a>            <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-40" name="__codelineno-29-40" href="#__codelineno-29-40"></a>        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-41" name="__codelineno-29-41" href="#__codelineno-29-41"></a>            <span class="c1">// 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-42" name="__codelineno-29-42" href="#__codelineno-29-42"></a>            <span class="n">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">child</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-43" name="__codelineno-29-43" href="#__codelineno-29-43"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-44" name="__codelineno-29-44" href="#__codelineno-29-44"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-45" name="__codelineno-29-45" href="#__codelineno-29-45"></a>    <span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-46" name="__codelineno-29-46" href="#__codelineno-29-46"></a>    <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-47" name="__codelineno-29-47" href="#__codelineno-29-47"></a>        <span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-48" name="__codelineno-29-48" href="#__codelineno-29-48"></a>        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">tmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">right</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-49" name="__codelineno-29-49" href="#__codelineno-29-49"></a>        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-50" name="__codelineno-29-50" href="#__codelineno-29-50"></a>            <span class="n">tmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="kr">left</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-51" name="__codelineno-29-51" href="#__codelineno-29-51"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-52" name="__codelineno-29-52" href="#__codelineno-29-52"></a>        <span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-53" name="__codelineno-29-53" href="#__codelineno-29-53"></a>        <span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-54" name="__codelineno-29-54" href="#__codelineno-29-54"></a>        <span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-55" name="__codelineno-29-55" href="#__codelineno-29-55"></a>        <span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-56" name="__codelineno-29-56" href="#__codelineno-29-56"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-29-57" name="__codelineno-29-57" href="#__codelineno-29-57"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = null / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-27" name="__codelineno-30-27" href="#__codelineno-30-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-28" name="__codelineno-30-28" href="#__codelineno-30-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-29" name="__codelineno-30-29" href="#__codelineno-30-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-30" name="__codelineno-30-30" href="#__codelineno-30-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-31" name="__codelineno-30-31" href="#__codelineno-30-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-32" name="__codelineno-30-32" href="#__codelineno-30-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-33" name="__codelineno-30-33" href="#__codelineno-30-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-34" name="__codelineno-30-34" href="#__codelineno-30-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-35" name="__codelineno-30-35" href="#__codelineno-30-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-36" name="__codelineno-30-36" href="#__codelineno-30-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-37" name="__codelineno-30-37" href="#__codelineno-30-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-38" name="__codelineno-30-38" href="#__codelineno-30-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-39" name="__codelineno-30-39" href="#__codelineno-30-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-40" name="__codelineno-30-40" href="#__codelineno-30-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-41" name="__codelineno-30-41" href="#__codelineno-30-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-42" name="__codelineno-30-42" href="#__codelineno-30-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-43" name="__codelineno-30-43" href="#__codelineno-30-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-30-44" name="__codelineno-30-44" href="#__codelineno-30-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-21" name="__codelineno-31-21" href="#__codelineno-31-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = null / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-22" name="__codelineno-31-22" href="#__codelineno-31-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-23" name="__codelineno-31-23" href="#__codelineno-31-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur.left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">cur.right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-24" name="__codelineno-31-24" href="#__codelineno-31-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-25" name="__codelineno-31-25" href="#__codelineno-31-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-26" name="__codelineno-31-26" href="#__codelineno-31-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-27" name="__codelineno-31-27" href="#__codelineno-31-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pre</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-28" name="__codelineno-31-28" href="#__codelineno-31-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-29" name="__codelineno-31-29" href="#__codelineno-31-29"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-30" name="__codelineno-31-30" href="#__codelineno-31-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-31" name="__codelineno-31-31" href="#__codelineno-31-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-32" name="__codelineno-31-32" href="#__codelineno-31-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-33" name="__codelineno-31-33" href="#__codelineno-31-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-34" name="__codelineno-31-34" href="#__codelineno-31-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-35" name="__codelineno-31-35" href="#__codelineno-31-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-36" name="__codelineno-31-36" href="#__codelineno-31-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-37" name="__codelineno-31-37" href="#__codelineno-31-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-38" name="__codelineno-31-38" href="#__codelineno-31-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-39" name="__codelineno-31-39" href="#__codelineno-31-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-40" name="__codelineno-31-40" href="#__codelineno-31-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-41" name="__codelineno-31-41" href="#__codelineno-31-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-42" name="__codelineno-31-42" href="#__codelineno-31-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-43" name="__codelineno-31-43" href="#__codelineno-31-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-44" name="__codelineno-31-44" href="#__codelineno-31-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-31-45" name="__codelineno-31-45" href="#__codelineno-31-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = null / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">??</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-25" name="__codelineno-32-25" href="#__codelineno-32-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-26" name="__codelineno-32-26" href="#__codelineno-32-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-27" name="__codelineno-32-27" href="#__codelineno-32-27"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-28" name="__codelineno-32-28" href="#__codelineno-32-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-29" name="__codelineno-32-29" href="#__codelineno-32-29"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-30" name="__codelineno-32-30" href="#__codelineno-32-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-31" name="__codelineno-32-31" href="#__codelineno-32-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-32" name="__codelineno-32-32" href="#__codelineno-32-32"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-33" name="__codelineno-32-33" href="#__codelineno-32-33"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">_root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-34" name="__codelineno-32-34" href="#__codelineno-32-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-35" name="__codelineno-32-35" href="#__codelineno-32-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-36" name="__codelineno-32-36" href="#__codelineno-32-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-37" name="__codelineno-32-37" href="#__codelineno-32-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-38" name="__codelineno-32-38" href="#__codelineno-32-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-39" name="__codelineno-32-39" href="#__codelineno-32-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-40" name="__codelineno-32-40" href="#__codelineno-32-40"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-41" name="__codelineno-32-41" href="#__codelineno-32-41"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-42" name="__codelineno-32-42" href="#__codelineno-32-42"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-43" name="__codelineno-32-43" href="#__codelineno-32-43"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-44" name="__codelineno-32-44" href="#__codelineno-32-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-45" name="__codelineno-32-45" href="#__codelineno-32-45"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-46" name="__codelineno-32-46" href="#__codelineno-32-46"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-32-47" name="__codelineno-32-47" href="#__codelineno-32-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>: <span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-20" name="__codelineno-33-20" href="#__codelineno-33-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-21" name="__codelineno-33-21" href="#__codelineno-33-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-22" name="__codelineno-33-22" href="#__codelineno-33-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-23" name="__codelineno-33-23" href="#__codelineno-33-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-24" name="__codelineno-33-24" href="#__codelineno-33-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-25" name="__codelineno-33-25" href="#__codelineno-33-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-26" name="__codelineno-33-26" href="#__codelineno-33-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-27" name="__codelineno-33-27" href="#__codelineno-33-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-28" name="__codelineno-33-28" href="#__codelineno-33-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-29" name="__codelineno-33-29" href="#__codelineno-33-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-30" name="__codelineno-33-30" href="#__codelineno-33-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-31" name="__codelineno-33-31" href="#__codelineno-33-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_none</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-32" name="__codelineno-33-32" href="#__codelineno-33-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = nullptr / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-33" name="__codelineno-33-33" href="#__codelineno-33-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">or_else</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-34" name="__codelineno-33-34" href="#__codelineno-33-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-35" name="__codelineno-33-35" href="#__codelineno-33-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-36" name="__codelineno-33-36" href="#__codelineno-33-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-37" name="__codelineno-33-37" href="#__codelineno-33-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">ptr_eq</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-38" name="__codelineno-33-38" href="#__codelineno-33-38"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">ptr_eq</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-39" name="__codelineno-33-39" href="#__codelineno-33-39"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-40" name="__codelineno-33-40" href="#__codelineno-33-40"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-41" name="__codelineno-33-41" href="#__codelineno-33-41"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-42" name="__codelineno-33-42" href="#__codelineno-33-42"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-43" name="__codelineno-33-43" href="#__codelineno-33-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-44" name="__codelineno-33-44" href="#__codelineno-33-44"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 若删除节点为根节点，则重新指定根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-45" name="__codelineno-33-45" href="#__codelineno-33-45"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-46" name="__codelineno-33-46" href="#__codelineno-33-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-47" name="__codelineno-33-47" href="#__codelineno-33-47"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-48" name="__codelineno-33-48" href="#__codelineno-33-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-49" name="__codelineno-33-49" href="#__codelineno-33-49"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-50" name="__codelineno-33-50" href="#__codelineno-33-50"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-51" name="__codelineno-33-51" href="#__codelineno-33-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-52" name="__codelineno-33-52" href="#__codelineno-33-52"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-53" name="__codelineno-33-53" href="#__codelineno-33-53"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">is_some</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-54" name="__codelineno-33-54" href="#__codelineno-33-54"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-55" name="__codelineno-33-55" href="#__codelineno-33-55"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-56" name="__codelineno-33-56" href="#__codelineno-33-56"></a><span class="w">                </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-57" name="__codelineno-33-57" href="#__codelineno-33-57"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-58" name="__codelineno-33-58" href="#__codelineno-33-58"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-59" name="__codelineno-33-59" href="#__codelineno-33-59"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmpval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">unwrap</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-60" name="__codelineno-33-60" href="#__codelineno-33-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-61" name="__codelineno-33-61" href="#__codelineno-33-61"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmpval</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-62" name="__codelineno-33-62" href="#__codelineno-33-62"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-63" name="__codelineno-33-63" href="#__codelineno-33-63"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmpval</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-64" name="__codelineno-33-64" href="#__codelineno-33-64"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-33-65" name="__codelineno-33-65" href="#__codelineno-33-65"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除节点 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="c1">// 由于引入了 stdio.h ，此处无法使用 remove 关键词</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">binarySearchTree</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 root 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 root 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-25" name="__codelineno-34-25" href="#__codelineno-34-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 判断待删除节点是否存在子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-26" name="__codelineno-34-26" href="#__codelineno-34-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-27" name="__codelineno-34-27" href="#__codelineno-34-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="cm">/* 子节点数量 = 0 or 1 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-28" name="__codelineno-34-28" href="#__codelineno-34-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = nullptr / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-29" name="__codelineno-34-29" href="#__codelineno-34-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-30" name="__codelineno-34-30" href="#__codelineno-34-30"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-31" name="__codelineno-34-31" href="#__codelineno-34-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-32" name="__codelineno-34-32" href="#__codelineno-34-32"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-33" name="__codelineno-34-33" href="#__codelineno-34-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-34" name="__codelineno-34-34" href="#__codelineno-34-34"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-35" name="__codelineno-34-35" href="#__codelineno-34-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-36" name="__codelineno-34-36" href="#__codelineno-34-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-37" name="__codelineno-34-37" href="#__codelineno-34-37"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="cm">/* 子节点数量 = 2 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-38" name="__codelineno-34-38" href="#__codelineno-34-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-39" name="__codelineno-34-39" href="#__codelineno-34-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-40" name="__codelineno-34-40" href="#__codelineno-34-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-41" name="__codelineno-34-41" href="#__codelineno-34-41"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-42" name="__codelineno-34-42" href="#__codelineno-34-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-43" name="__codelineno-34-43" href="#__codelineno-34-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmpVal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-44" name="__codelineno-34-44" href="#__codelineno-34-44"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-45" name="__codelineno-34-45" href="#__codelineno-34-45"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">removeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bst</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-46" name="__codelineno-34-46" href="#__codelineno-34-46"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-47" name="__codelineno-34-47" href="#__codelineno-34-47"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmpVal</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-48" name="__codelineno-34-48" href="#__codelineno-34-48"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-34-49" name="__codelineno-34-49" href="#__codelineno-34-49"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">binarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">removeNode</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="c1">// 删除节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若树为空，直接提前返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 循环查找，越过叶节点后跳出</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 找到待删除节点，跳出循环</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-20" name="__codelineno-35-20" href="#__codelineno-35-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 若无待删除节点，则直接返回</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-21" name="__codelineno-35-21" href="#__codelineno-35-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-22" name="__codelineno-35-22" href="#__codelineno-35-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-23" name="__codelineno-35-23" href="#__codelineno-35-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">or</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-24" name="__codelineno-35-24" href="#__codelineno-35-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时， child = null / 该子节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-25" name="__codelineno-35-25" href="#__codelineno-35-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-26" name="__codelineno-35-26" href="#__codelineno-35-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 删除节点 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-27" name="__codelineno-35-27" href="#__codelineno-35-27"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-28" name="__codelineno-35-28" href="#__codelineno-35-28"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-29" name="__codelineno-35-29" href="#__codelineno-35-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-30" name="__codelineno-35-30" href="#__codelineno-35-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-31" name="__codelineno-35-31" href="#__codelineno-35-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-32" name="__codelineno-35-32" href="#__codelineno-35-32"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 子节点数量 = 2</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-33" name="__codelineno-35-33" href="#__codelineno-35-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-34" name="__codelineno-35-34" href="#__codelineno-35-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-35" name="__codelineno-35-35" href="#__codelineno-35-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-36" name="__codelineno-35-36" href="#__codelineno-35-36"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-37" name="__codelineno-35-37" href="#__codelineno-35-37"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-38" name="__codelineno-35-38" href="#__codelineno-35-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-39" name="__codelineno-35-39" href="#__codelineno-35-39"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-40" name="__codelineno-35-40" href="#__codelineno-35-40"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 递归删除节点 tmp</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-41" name="__codelineno-35-41" href="#__codelineno-35-41"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-42" name="__codelineno-35-42" href="#__codelineno-35-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-43" name="__codelineno-35-43" href="#__codelineno-35-43"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">cur</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-44" name="__codelineno-35-44" href="#__codelineno-35-44"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-35-45" name="__codelineno-35-45" href="#__codelineno-35-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_search_tree.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">BinarySearchTree</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4891,7 +3773,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
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@@ -4957,31 +3844,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-
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-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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+      
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+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
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+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                7.3 &nbsp; 二叉树数组表示
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+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../avl_tree/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 7.5 &amp;nbsp; AVL 树 *" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
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+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -4991,14 +3895,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_tree/binary_tree/index.html b/chapter_tree/binary_tree/index.html
index 856667c92..9e5443c74 100644
--- a/chapter_tree/binary_tree/index.html
+++ b/chapter_tree/binary_tree/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
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+        
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+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -4068,7 +4088,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
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+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
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@@ -4134,31 +4159,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+      
+      <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
+        
+          
+          <a href="../" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 第 7 章 &amp;nbsp; 树" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 7.2 &amp;nbsp; 二叉树遍历" rel="next">
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
+              </span>
+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
+                7.2 &nbsp; 二叉树遍历
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+        
+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
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@@ -4168,14 +4210,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/index.html b/chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/index.html
index 0a0dc4f5d..51991218f 100644
--- a/chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/index.html
+++ b/chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
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+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
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+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3403,281 +3423,51 @@
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">level_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;层序遍历&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    <span class="c1"># 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>        <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">popleft</span><span class="p">()</span>  <span class="c1"># 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>        <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>            <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>            <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">level_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">poll</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_tree_bfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Dequeue</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_tree_bfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">New</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个切片，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()).(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">queue</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>    <span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">list</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>        <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>        <span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>            <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>            <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>        <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">list</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isNotEmpty</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">level_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根结点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">VecDeque</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_front</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">                 </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">                         </span><span class="c1">// 保存结点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w">                  </span><span class="c1">// 左子结点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w">                 </span><span class="c1">// 右子结点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vec</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">level_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 辅助队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 辅助队列 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_NODE_SIZE</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="cm">/* 辅助数组 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_NODE_SIZE</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 数组指针</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 更新数组长度的值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">realloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 释放辅助数组空间</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">// 层序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">L</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TailQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">L</span><span class="p">{};</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root_node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">L</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">root_node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root_node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue_node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">popFirst</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue_node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">L</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">L</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="w">            </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">        </span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -3698,390 +3488,99 @@
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-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;前序遍历&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>    <span class="c1"># 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>    <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>    <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;中序遍历&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>    <span class="c1"># 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>    <span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>    <span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;后序遍历&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a>    <span class="c1"># 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a>    <span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a>    <span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a>    <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_tree_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_tree_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="o">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="err">]{</span><span class="nc">binary_tree_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_tree_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_tree_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="na">[class]</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">binary_tree_dfs</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-27" name="__codelineno-16-27" href="#__codelineno-16-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-28" name="__codelineno-16-28" href="#__codelineno-16-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-29" name="__codelineno-16-29" href="#__codelineno-16-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-30" name="__codelineno-16-30" href="#__codelineno-16-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-31" name="__codelineno-16-31" href="#__codelineno-16-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-16-32" name="__codelineno-16-32" href="#__codelineno-16-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>    <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>    <span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    <span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>    <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>    <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>    <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>    <span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>    <span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>    <span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>    <span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>    <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>        <span class="k">return</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>    <span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>    <span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>    <span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>    <span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>    <span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 <a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根结点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">result</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根结点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">result</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根结点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">result</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="tabbed-block">
-<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -&gt; 左子树 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 根节点 -&gt; 右子树</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -&gt; 右子树 -&gt; 根节点</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
-<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -4206,7 +3705,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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@@ -4272,31 +3776,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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+            </div>
+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+                7.1 &nbsp; 二叉树
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+            </div>
+          </a>
+        
+        
+          
+          <a href="../array_representation_of_tree/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 7.3 &amp;nbsp; 二叉树数组表示" rel="next">
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+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                下一页
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+  
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@@ -4306,14 +3827,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/chapter_tree/index.html b/chapter_tree/index.html
index 114cdee51..ef9952257 100644
--- a/chapter_tree/index.html
+++ b/chapter_tree/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
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+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3333,7 +3353,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+  
+    
+    
+  
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+
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@@ -3399,31 +3424,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
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-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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+        <footer class="md-footer">
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+          <a href="../chapter_hashing/summary/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 6.4 &amp;nbsp; 小结" rel="prev">
+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
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+            <div class="md-footer__title">
+              <span class="md-footer__direction">
+                上一页
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+          <a href="binary_tree/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 7.1 &amp;nbsp; 二叉树" rel="next">
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+                下一页
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+              <div class="md-ellipsis">
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+            <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -3433,14 +3475,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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index 4663ddad7..f08f3b3a3 100644
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+++ b/chapter_tree/summary/index.html
@@ -163,6 +163,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
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@@ -3429,7 +3449,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
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+
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@@ -3495,31 +3520,48 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
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-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
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+                上一页
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+          
+          <a href="../../chapter_heap/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 第 8 章 &amp;nbsp; 堆" rel="next">
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+                下一页
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+              
+              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
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+      </nav>
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
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@@ -3529,14 +3571,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
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diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
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+++ b/index.html
@@ -143,6 +143,26 @@
       
     
     
+      <div class="md-header__option">
+  <div class="md-select">
+    
+    <button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="选择当前语言">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.52 17.52 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04M18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12m-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24Z"/></svg>
+    </button>
+    <div class="md-select__inner">
+      <ul class="md-select__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-select__item">
+            <a href="/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
+              中文
+            </a>
+          </li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+    
     
       <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
         
@@ -3341,7 +3361,12 @@ aria-label="页脚"
 
 <!-- Comment system -->
 
+  
+    
+    
+  
   <h5 align="center" id="__comments">欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议</h5>
+
   <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
   <script 
     src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
@@ -3407,31 +3432,10 @@ aria-label="页脚"
         
       </main>
       
-        <!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
+        <footer class="md-footer">
+  
+    
+  
   <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
     <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
       <div class="md-copyright">
@@ -3441,14 +3445,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
     </div>
   
   
-    Made with
-    <a href="https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
-      Material for MkDocs
-    </a>
-  
 </div>
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
       
         <div class="md-social">
   
diff --git a/overrides/partials/comments.html b/overrides/partials/comments.html
deleted file mode 100644
index a183fc080..000000000
--- a/overrides/partials/comments.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-{% if page.meta.comments %}
-  <h5 align="center" id="__comments">{{ "欢迎在评论区留下你的见解、疑惑或建议" }}</h5>
-  <!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
-  <script 
-    src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
-    data-repo="krahets/hello-algo"
-    data-repo-id="R_kgDOIXtSqw"
-    data-category="Announcements"
-    data-category-id="DIC_kwDOIXtSq84CSZk_"
-    data-mapping="pathname"
-    data-strict="1"
-    data-reactions-enabled="1"
-    data-emit-metadata="0"
-    data-input-position="top"
-    data-theme="preferred_color_scheme"
-    data-lang="zh-CN"
-    crossorigin="anonymous"
-    async
-  >
-  </script>
-  <!-- Synchronize Giscus theme with palette -->
-  <script>
-    var giscus = document.querySelector("script[src*=giscus]")
-
-    /* Set palette on initial load */
-    var palette = __md_get("__palette")
-    if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
-      var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark_dimmed" : "light"
-      giscus.setAttribute("data-theme", theme) 
-    }
-
-    /* Register event handlers after documented loaded */
-    document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() {
-      var ref = document.querySelector("[data-md-component=palette]")
-      ref.addEventListener("change", function() {
-        var palette = __md_get("__palette")
-        if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
-          var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark_dimmed" : "light"
-
-          /* Instruct Giscus to change theme */
-          var frame = document.querySelector(".giscus-frame")
-          frame.contentWindow.postMessage(
-            { giscus: { setConfig: { theme } } },
-            "https://giscus.app"
-          )
-        }
-      })
-    })
-  </script>
-{% endif %}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/overrides/partials/content.html b/overrides/partials/content.html
deleted file mode 100644
index dc2639dc7..000000000
--- a/overrides/partials/content.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-<!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Tags -->
-{% if "material/tags" in config.plugins and tags %}
-  {% include "partials/tags.html" %}
-{% endif %}
-
-<!-- Actions -->
-{% include "partials/actions.html" %}
-
-<!--
-  Hack: check whether the content contains a h1 headline. If it doesn't, the
-  page title (or respectively site name) is used as the main headline.
--->
-{% if "\x3ch1" not in page.content %}
-  <h1>{{ page.title | d(config.site_name, true)}}</h1>
-{% endif %}
-
-<!-- Page content -->
-{{ page.content }}
-
-<!-- Source file information -->
-{% if page.meta and (
-  page.meta.git_revision_date_localized or
-  page.meta.revision_date
-) %}
-  {% include "partials/source-file.html" %}
-{% endif %}
-
-<!-- Was this page helpful? -->
-{% include "partials/feedback.html" %}
-
-<!-- Previous and next pages link -->
-<nav
-class="md-footer__inner md-grid"
-aria-label="{{ lang.t('footer') }}"
-{{ hidden }}
->
-
-<!-- Link to previous page -->
-{% if page.previous_page %}
-  {% set direction = lang.t("footer.previous") %}
-  <a
-    href="{{ page.previous_page.url | url }}"
-    class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev"
-    aria-label="{{ direction }}: {{ page.previous_page.title | e }}"
-    rel="prev"
-  >
-    <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
-      {% set icon = config.theme.icon.previous or "material/arrow-left" %}
-      {% include ".icons/" ~ icon ~ ".svg" %}
-    </div>
-    <div class="md-footer__title">
-      <span class="md-footer__direction">
-        {{ direction }}
-      </span>
-      <div class="md-ellipsis">
-        {{ page.previous_page.title }}
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  </a>
-{% endif %}
-
-<!-- Link to next page -->
-{% if page.next_page %}
-  {% set direction = lang.t("footer.next") %}
-  <a
-    href="{{ page.next_page.url | url }}"
-    class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next"
-    aria-label="{{ direction }}: {{ page.next_page.title | e }}"
-    rel="next"
-  >
-    <div class="md-footer__title">
-      <span class="md-footer__direction">
-        {{ direction }}
-      </span>
-      <div class="md-ellipsis">
-        {{ page.next_page.title }}
-      </div>
-    </div>
-    <div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
-      {% set icon = config.theme.icon.next or "material/arrow-right" %}
-      {% include ".icons/" ~ icon ~ ".svg" %}
-    </div>
-  </a>
-{% endif %}
-</nav>
-
-<!-- Comment system -->
-{% include "partials/comments.html" %}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/overrides/partials/footer.html b/overrides/partials/footer.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 59cd4956b..000000000
--- a/overrides/partials/footer.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-<!--
-  Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
-  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
-  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
-  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
-  IN THE SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- Footer -->
-<footer class="md-footer">
-  <!-- Further information -->
-  <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
-    <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
-      {% include "partials/copyright.html" %}
-
-      <!-- Social links -->
-      {% if config.extra.social %}
-        {% include "partials/social.html" %}
-      {% endif %}
-    </div>
-  </div>
-</footer>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/search/search_index.json b/search/search_index.json
index c289b3282..ebb1360ee 100644
--- a/search/search_index.json
+++ b/search/search_index.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"config":{"lang":["en"],"separator":"[\\s\\u200b\\u3000\\-\u3001\u3002\uff0c\uff0e\uff1f\uff01\uff1b]+","pipeline":["stemmer"]},"docs":[{"location":"","title":"Home","text":"\u300a Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u300b <p> \u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3\u3001\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u6559\u7a0b </p> <p> </p>  \u63a8\u8350\u8bed  <p>Quote</p> <p>\u201c\u4e00\u672c\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u5165\u95e8\u4e66\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bfb\u8005\u624b\u8111\u5e76\u7528\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350\u7b97\u6cd5\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u3002\u201d</p> <p>\u2014\u2014 \u9093\u4fca\u8f89\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u6559\u6388</p> <p>Quote</p> <p>\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5f53\u5e74\u5b66\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u300aHello \u7b97\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u5b66\u8d77\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u7b80\u5355 10 \u500d\uff01\u201d</p> <p>\u2014\u2014 \u674e\u6c90\uff0c\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u8d44\u6df1\u9996\u5e2d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6</p>  \u5168\u4e66\u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3  <p> \u5185\u5bb9\u6e05\u6670\u6613\u61c2\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u66f2\u7ebf\u5e73\u6ed1\u7535\u8111\u3001\u5e73\u677f\u3001\u624b\u673a\u5168\u7ec8\u7aef\u9605\u8bfb </p> <p></p> <p><p> \"A picture is worth a thousand words.\" </p> <p> \u201c\u4e00\u56fe\u80dc\u5343\u8a00\u201d </p></p>  \u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c  <p> \u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\uff0c\u7686\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u652f\u6301 Java, C++, Python, Go, JS, TS, C#, Swift, Zig \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00 </p> <p></p> <p><p> \"Talk is cheap. Show me the code.\" </p> <p> \u201c\u5c11\u5439\u725b\uff0c\u770b\u4ee3\u7801\u201d </p></p>  \u53ef\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0e\u63d0\u95ee  <p> \u9f13\u52b1\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u4e92\u5e2e\u4e92\u52a9\u3001\u5171\u540c\u6210\u957f\u63d0\u95ee\u4e0e\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e00\u822c\u80fd\u5728\u4e24\u65e5\u5185\u5f97\u5230\u56de\u590d </p> <p></p> <p><p> \u201c\u8ffd\u98ce\u8d76\u6708\u83ab\u505c\u7559\uff0c\u5e73\u829c\u5c3d\u5904\u662f\u6625\u5c71\u201d </p> <p> \u4e00\u8d77\u52a0\u6cb9\uff01 </p></p>  \u5e8f  <p>\u4e24\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u529b\u6263\u4e0a\u5206\u4eab\u4e86\u300a\u5251\u6307 Offer\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u9898\u89e3\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u540c\u5b66\u7684\u559c\u7231\u548c\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5728\u4e0e\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u6536\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u6211\u9010\u6e10\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002</p> <p>\u4e24\u773c\u4e00\u62b9\u9ed1\u5730\u5237\u9898\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5237\u9898\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u73a9\u201c\u626b\u96f7\u201d\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u81ea\u5b66\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u80fd\u591f\u987a\u5229\u5730\u5c06\u5730\u96f7\u9010\u4e2a\u6392\u6389\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u7840\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u70b8\u7684\u6ee1\u5934\u662f\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u632b\u6298\u4e2d\u6b65\u6b65\u9000\u7f29\u3002\u901a\u8bfb\u6559\u6750\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9762\u5411\u6c42\u804c\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u5b63\u3001\u6295\u9012\u7b80\u5386\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u7b14\u8bd5\u9762\u8bd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u539a\u91cd\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u5f80\u5f80\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u8270\u5de8\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u56f0\u6270\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f88\u5e78\u8fd0\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4f60\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u6211\u5bf9\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u76f4\u63a5\u62ff\u5230 Offer \uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5f15\u5bfc\u4f60\u63a2\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5730\u56fe\u201d\uff0c\u5e26\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u201c\u5730\u96f7\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\u5404\u79cd\u201c\u6392\u96f7\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672c\u9886\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u81ea\u5982\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u5237\u9898\u548c\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6784\u5efa\u8d77\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002</p>  \u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb  <p>\u9773\u5b87\u680b (Krahets)\uff0c\u5927\u5382\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7b97\u6cd5\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u3002\u529b\u6263\uff08LeetCode\uff09\u5168\u7f51\u9605\u8bfb\u91cf\u6700\u9ad8\u535a\u4e3b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u300a\u56fe\u89e3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u300b\u5df2\u88ab\u8ba2\u9605 27 \u4e07\u672c\u3002</p>  \u81f4\u8c22  <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5728\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u4f17\u591a\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u7684\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\u4e0d\u65ad\u6210\u957f\u3002\u611f\u8c22\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u6295\u5165\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7cbe\u529b\u7684\u64b0\u7a3f\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65e0\u79c1\u5949\u732e\u4f7f\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\uff08\u6309\u7167 GitHub \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff09\uff1a</p> <p> </p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u9605\u5de5\u4f5c\u7531 Gonglja, gvenusleo, justin\u2010tse, krahets, night-cruise, nuomi1, Reanon, sjinzh \u5b8c\u6210\uff08\u6309\u7167\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff09\u3002\u611f\u8c22\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5404\u8bed\u8a00\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u4e0e\u7edf\u4e00\u3002</p> <sub>Gonglja</sub><sub>C, C++</sub> <sub>gvenusleo</sub><sub>Dart</sub> <sub>hpstory</sub><sub>C#</sub> <sub>justin-tse</sub><sub>JS, TS</sub> <sub>krahets</sub><sub>Java, Python</sub> <sub>night-cruise</sub><sub>Rust</sub> <sub>nuomi1</sub><sub>Swift</sub> <sub>Reanon</sub><sub>Go, C</sub> <sub>sjinzh</sub><sub>Rust, Zig</sub>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/","title":"\u7b2c 16 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u9644\u5f55","text":""},{"location":"chapter_appendix/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>16.1 \u00a0 \u7f16\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u88c5</li> <li>16.2 \u00a0 \u4e00\u8d77\u53c2\u4e0e\u521b\u4f5c</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/contribution/","title":"16.2 \u00a0 \u4e00\u8d77\u53c2\u4e0e\u521b\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u96be\u514d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9057\u6f0f\u548c\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8bf7\u60a8\u8c05\u89e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u7b14\u8bef\u3001\u5931\u6548\u94fe\u63a5\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u7f3a\u5931\u3001\u6587\u5b57\u6b67\u4e49\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0d\u6e05\u6670\u6216\u884c\u6587\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf7\u534f\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90\u3002</p> <p>\u6240\u6709\u64b0\u7a3f\u4eba\u7684 GitHub ID \u5c06\u88ab\u5c55\u793a\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e3b\u9875\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u611f\u8c22\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7684\u65e0\u79c1\u5949\u732e\u3002</p> <p>\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u9b45\u529b</p> <p>\u7eb8\u8d28\u4e66\u7c4d\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u5370\u5237\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u6570\u5e74\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u65b0\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\u5728\u672c\u5f00\u6e90\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u8fed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u88ab\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u6570\u65e5\u751a\u81f3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/contribution/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5185\u5bb9\u5fae\u8c03","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 16-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u7684\u53f3\u4e0a\u89d2\u90fd\u6709\u201c\u7f16\u8f91\u56fe\u6807\u201d\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u672c\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u7f16\u8f91\u56fe\u6807\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u201c\u9700\u8981 Fork \u6b64\u4ed3\u5e93\u201d\u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u8bf7\u540c\u610f\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u4fee\u6539 Markdown \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u6301\u6392\u7248\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u9875\u9762\u5e95\u90e8\u586b\u5199\u4fee\u6539\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u201cPropose file change\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u3002\u9875\u9762\u8df3\u8f6c\u540e\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201cCreate pull request\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u5373\u53ef\u53d1\u8d77\u62c9\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 16-1 \u00a0 \u9875\u9762\u7f16\u8f91\u6309\u952e </p> <p>\u56fe\u7247\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u5efa Issue \u6216\u8bc4\u8bba\u7559\u8a00\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c3d\u5feb\u91cd\u65b0\u7ed8\u5236\u5e76\u66ff\u6362\u56fe\u7247\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/contribution/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5185\u5bb9\u521b\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u53c2\u4e0e\u6b64\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u7b49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65bd\u4ee5\u4e0b Pull Request \u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u767b\u5f55 GitHub \uff0c\u5c06\u672c\u4ed3\u5e93 Fork \u5230\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d26\u53f7\u4e0b\u3002</li> <li>\u8fdb\u5165\u60a8\u7684 Fork \u4ed3\u5e93\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>git clone</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4ed3\u5e93\u514b\u9686\u81f3\u672c\u5730\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u672c\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u6240\u505a\u66f4\u6539 Commit \uff0c\u7136\u540e Push \u81f3\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002</li> <li>\u5237\u65b0\u4ed3\u5e93\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201cCreate pull request\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u5373\u53ef\u53d1\u8d77\u62c9\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/contribution/#3-docker","title":"3. \u00a0 Docker \u90e8\u7f72","text":"<p>\u5728 <code>hello-algo</code> \u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b Docker \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5728 <code>http://localhost:8000</code> \u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u9879\u76ee\u3002</p> <pre><code>docker-compose up -d\n</code></pre> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u5220\u9664\u90e8\u7f72\u3002</p> <pre><code>docker-compose down\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/","title":"16.1 \u00a0 \u7f16\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u88c5","text":""},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#1-vscode","title":"1. \u00a0 VSCode","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u5f00\u6e90\u8f7b\u91cf\u7684 VSCode \u4f5c\u4e3a\u672c\u5730 IDE \uff0c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 VSCode \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#2-java","title":"2. \u00a0 Java \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 OpenJDK\uff08\u7248\u672c\u9700\u6ee1\u8db3 &gt; JDK 9\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>java</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Extension Pack for Java \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#3-cc","title":"3. \u00a0 C/C++ \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 MinGW\uff08\u914d\u7f6e\u6559\u7a0b\uff09\uff0cMacOS \u81ea\u5e26 Clang \u65e0\u987b\u5b89\u88c5\u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>c++</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 C/C++ Extension Pack \u3002</li> <li>\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u6253\u5f00 Settings \u9875\u9762\uff0c\u641c\u7d22 <code>Clang_format_fallback Style</code> \u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>{ BasedOnStyle: Microsoft, BreakBeforeBraces: Attach }</code> \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#4-python","title":"4. \u00a0 Python \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 Miniconda3 \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>python</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Python Extension Pack \u3002</li> <li>\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165 <code>pip install black</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#5-go","title":"5. \u00a0 Go \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 go \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>go</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Go \u3002</li> <li>\u5feb\u6377\u952e <code>Ctrl + Shift + P</code> \u547c\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u680f\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 go \uff0c\u9009\u62e9 <code>Go: Install/Update Tools</code> \uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u52fe\u9009\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#6-javascript","title":"6. \u00a0 JavaScript \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 node.js \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>javascript</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 JavaScript (ES6) code snippets \u3002</li> <li>\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>Prettier</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#7-c","title":"7. \u00a0 C# \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 .Net 6.0 \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>C# Dev Kit</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 C# Dev Kit \uff08\u914d\u7f6e\u6559\u7a0b\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 Visual Studio\uff08\u5b89\u88c5\u6559\u7a0b\uff09\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#8-swift","title":"8. \u00a0 Swift \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 Swift \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>swift</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Swift for Visual Studio Code \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#9-dart","title":"9. \u00a0 Dart \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 Dart \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>dart</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Dart \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#10-rust","title":"10. \u00a0 Rust \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 Rust \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>rust</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 rust-analyzer \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/","title":"\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u5835\u539a\u5b9e\u7684\u7816\u5899\u3002</p> <p>\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7816\u5757\u6574\u9f50\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u7d27\u8d34\u3002\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7816\u5757\u5206\u6563\u5404\u5904\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u85e4\u8513\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u7a7f\u68ad\u4e8e\u7816\u7f1d\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>4.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4</li> <li>4.2 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868</li> <li>4.3 \u00a0 \u5217\u8868</li> <li>4.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/","title":"4.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u300c\u6570\u7ec4 array\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u79f0\u4e3a\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u300c\u7d22\u5f15 index\u300d\u3002\u56fe 4-1 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f </p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#411","title":"4.1.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3001\u7ed9\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3002\u5728\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4f1a\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\narr: list[int] = [0] * 5  # [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]\nnums: list[int] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]  \n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6808\u4e0a\nint arr[5];\nint nums[5] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n// \u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\uff08\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\nint* arr1 = new int[5];\nint* nums1 = new int[5] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nint[] arr = new int[5]; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }\nint[] nums = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nint[] arr = new int[5]; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }\nint[] nums = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvar arr [5]int\n// \u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u65f6\uff08[5]int\uff09\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u65f6\uff08[]int\uff09\u4e3a\u5207\u7247\n// \u7531\u4e8e Go \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u786e\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u91cf\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\n// \u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b9e\u73b0\u6269\u5bb9 extend() \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u5207\u7247\uff08Slice\uff09\u770b\u4f5c\u6570\u7ec4\uff08Array\uff09\nnums := []int{1, 3, 2, 5, 4}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nlet arr = Array(repeating: 0, count: 5) // [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\nlet nums = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvar arr = new Array(5).fill(0);\nvar nums = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nlet arr: number[] = new Array(5).fill(0);\nlet nums: number[] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nList&lt;int&gt; arr = List.filled(5, 0); // [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\nList&lt;int&gt; nums = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nlet arr: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![0; 5]; // [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\nlet nums: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nint arr[5] = { 0 }; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }\nint nums[5] = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nvar arr = [_]i32{0} ** 5; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }\nvar nums = [_]i32{ 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff08\u5373\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff09\u548c\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe 4-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b64\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u8ba1\u7b97 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 4-2 \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u4e9b\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece \\(1\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\u4f1a\u66f4\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u5730\u5740\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5730\u5740\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u662f \\(0\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u4e5f\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>def random_access(nums: list[int]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\n# \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, len(nums)-1] \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nrandom_index = random.randint(0, len(nums) - 1)\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nrandom_num = nums[random_index]\nreturn random_num\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint randomAccess(int *nums, int size) {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, size) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nint randomIndex = rand() % size;\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nint randomNum = nums[randomIndex];\nreturn randomNum;\n}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint randomAccess(int[] nums) {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, nums.length) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nint randomIndex = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(0, nums.length);\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nint randomNum = nums[randomIndex];\nreturn randomNum;\n}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint randomAccess(int[] nums) {\nRandom random = new();\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, nums.Length) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nint randomIndex = random.Next(nums.Length);\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nint randomNum = nums[randomIndex];\nreturn randomNum;\n}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc randomAccess(nums []int) (randomNum int) {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, nums.length) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nrandomIndex := rand.Intn(len(nums))\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nrandomNum = nums[randomIndex]\nreturn\n}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc randomAccess(nums: [Int]) -&gt; Int {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, nums.count) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nlet randomIndex = nums.indices.randomElement()!\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nlet randomNum = nums[randomIndex]\nreturn randomNum\n}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction randomAccess(nums) {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, nums.length) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nconst random_index = Math.floor(Math.random() * nums.length);\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nconst random_num = nums[random_index];\nreturn random_num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction randomAccess(nums: number[]): number {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, nums.length) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nconst random_index = Math.floor(Math.random() * nums.length);\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nconst random_num = nums[random_index];\nreturn random_num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint randomAccess(List nums) {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, nums.length) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nint randomIndex = Random().nextInt(nums.length);\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nint randomNum = nums[randomIndex];\nreturn randomNum;\n}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nfn random_access(nums: &amp;[i32]) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, nums.len()) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nlet random_index = rand::thread_rng().gen_range(0..nums.len());\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nlet random_num = nums[random_index];\nrandom_num\n}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>/* \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint randomAccess(int *nums, int size) {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, size) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\nint randomIndex = rand() % size;\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nint randomNum = nums[randomIndex];\nreturn randomNum;\n}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>// \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\nfn randomAccess(nums: []i32) i32 {\n// \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [0, nums.len) \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\nvar randomIndex = std.crypto.random.intRangeLessThan(usize, 0, nums.len);\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\nvar randomNum = nums[randomIndex];\nreturn randomNum;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u662f\u201c\u7d27\u6328\u7740\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u518d\u5b58\u653e\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u56fe 4-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u628a\u5143\u7d20\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-3 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u201c\u4e22\u5931\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7559\u5728\u5217\u8868\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>def insert(nums: list[int], num: int, index: int):\n\"\"\"\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num\"\"\"\n# \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in range(len(nums) - 1, index, -1):\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1]\n# \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int *nums, int size, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = size - 1; i &gt; index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int[] nums, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int[] nums, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = nums.Length - 1; i &gt; index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunc insert(nums []int, num int, index int) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i := len(nums) - 1; i &gt; index; i-- {\nnums[i] = nums[i-1]\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num\n}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunc insert(nums: inout [Int], num: Int, index: Int) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in sequence(first: nums.count - 1, next: { $0 &gt; index + 1 ? $0 - 1 : nil }) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1]\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num\n}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunction insert(nums, num, index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunction insert(nums: number[], num: number, index: number): void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(List nums, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (var i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfn insert(nums: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;, num: i32, index: usize) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in (index + 1..nums.len()).rev() {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int *nums, int size, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = size - 1; i &gt; index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>// \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num\nfn insert(nums: []i32, num: i32, index: usize) void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nvar i = nums.len - 1;\nwhile (i &gt; index) : (i -= 1) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 4-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u628a\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-4 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53d8\u5f97\u201c\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u7279\u610f\u53bb\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>def remove(nums: list[int], index: int):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\n# \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in range(index, len(nums) - 1):\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1]\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(int *nums, int size, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i &lt; size - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(int[] nums, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i &lt; nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(int[] nums, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i &lt; nums.Length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc remove(nums []int, index int) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i := index; i &lt; len(nums)-1; i++ {\nnums[i] = nums[i+1]\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc remove(nums: inout [Int], index: Int) {\nlet count = nums.count\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in sequence(first: index, next: { $0 &lt; count - 1 - 1 ? $0 + 1 : nil }) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1]\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction remove(nums, index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = index; i &lt; nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction remove(nums: number[], index: number): void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = index; i &lt; nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(List nums, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (var i = index; i &lt; nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfn remove(nums: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;, index: usize) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in index..nums.len() - 1 {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\n// \u6ce8\u610f\uff1astdio.h \u5360\u7528\u4e86 remove \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\nvoid removeItem(int *nums, int size, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i &lt; size - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>// \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nfn remove(nums: []i32, index: usize) void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nvar i = index;\nwhile (i &lt; nums.len - 1) : (i += 1) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u4e22\u5931\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u540e\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002</li> <li>\u5185\u5b58\u6d6a\u8d39\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ea\u7528\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#5","title":"5. \u00a0 \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>def traverse(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\"\"\"\ncount = 0\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i in range(len(nums)):\ncount += 1\n# \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor num in nums:\ncount += 1\n# \u540c\u65f6\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5143\u7d20\nfor i, num in enumerate(nums):\ncount += 1\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int *nums, int size) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.Length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nforeach (int num in nums) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunc traverse(nums []int) {\ncount := 0\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(nums); i++ {\ncount++\n}\ncount = 0\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor range nums {\ncount++\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunc traverse(nums: [Int]) {\nvar count = 0\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor _ in nums.indices {\ncount += 1\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor _ in nums {\ncount += 1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunction traverse(nums) {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncount += 1;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunction traverse(nums: number[]): void {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncount += 1;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid traverse(List nums) {\nvar count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (var num in nums) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u901a\u8fc7 forEach \u65b9\u6cd5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nnums.forEach((element) {\ncount++;\n});\n}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfn traverse(nums: &amp;[i32]) {\nlet mut _count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor _ in 0..nums.len() {\n_count += 1;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor _ in nums {\n_count += 1;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int *nums, int size) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>// \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfn traverse(nums: []i32) void {\nvar count: i32 = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nvar i: i32 = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; nums.len) : (i += 1) {\ncount += 1;\n}\ncount = 0;\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (nums) |_| {\ncount += 1;\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#6","title":"6. \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5224\u65ad\u5143\u7d20\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u82e5\u5339\u914d\u5219\u8f93\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>def find(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nfor i in range(len(nums)):\nif nums[i] == target:\nreturn i\nreturn -1\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nint find(int *nums, int size, int target) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nif (nums[i] == target)\nreturn i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nint find(int[] nums, int target) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nif (nums[i] == target)\nreturn i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nint find(int[] nums, int target) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.Length; i++) {\nif (nums[i] == target)\nreturn i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc find(nums []int, target int) (index int) {\nindex = -1\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(nums); i++ {\nif nums[i] == target {\nindex = i\nbreak\n}\n}\nreturn\n}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc find(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; Int {\nfor i in nums.indices {\nif nums[i] == target {\nreturn i\n}\n}\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction find(nums, target) {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nif (nums[i] === target) return i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction find(nums: number[], target: number): number {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nif (nums[i] === target) {\nreturn i;\n}\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nint find(List nums, int target) {\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nif (nums[i] == target) return i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfn find(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;usize&gt; {\nfor i in 0..nums.len() {\nif nums[i] == target {\nreturn Some(i);\n}\n}\nNone\n}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 */\nint find(int *nums, int size, int target) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nif (nums[i] == target)\nreturn i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>// \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\nfn find(nums: []i32, target: i32) i32 {\nfor (nums, 0..) |num, i| {\nif (num == target) return @intCast(i);\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#7","title":"7. \u00a0 \u6269\u5bb9\u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96be\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u7ec4\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6269\u5bb9\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>def extend(nums: list[int], enlarge: int) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nres = [0] * (len(nums) + enlarge)\n# \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i in range(len(nums)):\nres[i] = nums[i]\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint *extend(int *nums, int size, int enlarge) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nint *res = new int[size + enlarge];\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nres[i] = nums[i];\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\ndelete[] nums;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint[] extend(int[] nums, int enlarge) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nint[] res = new int[nums.length + enlarge];\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nres[i] = nums[i];\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint[] extend(int[] nums, int enlarge) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nint[] res = new int[nums.Length + enlarge];\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.Length; i++) {\nres[i] = nums[i];\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc extend(nums []int, enlarge int) []int {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nres := make([]int, len(nums)+enlarge)\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i, num := range nums {\nres[i] = num\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc extend(nums: [Int], enlarge: Int) -&gt; [Int] {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: nums.count + enlarge)\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i in nums.indices {\nres[i] = nums[i]\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cJavaScript \u7684 Array \u662f\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6269\u5c55\n// \u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u672c\u51fd\u6570\u5c06 Array \u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nfunction extend(nums, enlarge) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nconst res = new Array(nums.length + enlarge).fill(0);\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nres[i] = nums[i];\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cTypeScript \u7684 Array \u662f\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6269\u5c55\n// \u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u672c\u51fd\u6570\u5c06 Array \u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nfunction extend(nums: number[], enlarge: number): number[] {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nconst res = new Array(nums.length + enlarge).fill(0);\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nres[i] = nums[i];\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\nList extend(List nums, int enlarge) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nList&lt;int&gt; res = List.filled(nums.length + enlarge, 0);\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nres[i] = nums[i];\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfn extend(nums: Vec&lt;i32&gt;, enlarge: usize) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nlet mut res: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![0; nums.len() + enlarge];\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\nfor i in 0..nums.len() {\nres[i] = nums[i];\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nres\n}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>/* \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint *extend(int *nums, int size, int enlarge) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nint *res = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * (size + enlarge));\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nres[i] = nums[i];\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (int i = size; i &lt; size + enlarge; i++) {\nres[i] = 0;\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>// \u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\nfn extend(mem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator, nums: []i32, enlarge: usize) ![]i32 {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u5ea6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nvar res = try mem_allocator.alloc(i32, nums.len + enlarge);\n@memset(res, 0);\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nstd.mem.copy(i32, res, nums);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#412","title":"4.1.2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4f18\u70b9\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u4e14\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5305\u542b\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u9ad8: \u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5f00\u9500\u3002</li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee: \u6570\u7ec4\u5141\u8bb8\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8bbf\u95ee\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u7f13\u5b58\u5c40\u90e8\u6027: \u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u7f13\u5b58\u5176\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u501f\u52a9\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\u662f\u4e00\u628a\u53cc\u5203\u5251\uff0c\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u6548\u7387\u4f4e:\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u8f83\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8: \u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u957f\u5ea6\u5c31\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e86\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5f00\u9500\u5f88\u5927\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39: \u5982\u679c\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u6240\u9700\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c31\u88ab\u6d6a\u8d39\u4e86\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#413","title":"4.1.3 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u7840\u4e14\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u65e2\u9891\u7e41\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7d22\u5f15\u5b9e\u73b0\u6837\u672c\u7684\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u3002</li> <li>\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\u90fd\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u8868\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u8868\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b57\u7b26\u5230 ASCII \u7801\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff1a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5411\u91cf\u3001\u77e9\u9635\u3001\u5f20\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u4ee3\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56fe\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u8868\u793a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/","title":"4.2 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u516c\u5171\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u6563\u843d\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5404\u5904\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5982\u6b64\u5927\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4f18\u52bf\u5c31\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u94fe\u8868 linked list\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5f15\u7528\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5404\u5904\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u662f\u65e0\u987b\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-5 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 4-5 \uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u300c\u8282\u70b9 node\u300d\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u9879\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u201c\u503c\u201d\u548c\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u5728 Java\u3001C++ \u548c Python \u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u88ab\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(\\text{null}\\)\u3001\\(\\text{nullptr}\\) \u548c \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 C\u3001C++\u3001Go \u548c Rust \u7b49\u652f\u6301\u6307\u9488\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u5e94\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6307\u9488\u201d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 <code>ListNode</code> \u9664\u4e86\u5305\u542b\u503c\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u989d\u5916\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u6bd4\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class ListNode:\n\"\"\"\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val               # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.next: ListNode | None = None # \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct ListNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode *next;  // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;  // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(int x) { val = x; }  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;   // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(int x) =&gt; val = x;  //\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype ListNode struct {\nVal  int       // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nNext *ListNode // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n}\n// NewListNode \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nfunc NewListNode(val int) *ListNode {\nreturn &amp;ListNode{\nVal:  val,\nNext: nil,\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nvar val: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nvar next: ListNode? // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\ninit(x: Int) { // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\nval = x\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nval;\nnext;\nconstructor(val, next) {\nthis.val = (val === undefined ? 0 : val);       // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = (next === undefined ? null : next); // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nval: number;\nnext: ListNode | null;\nconstructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = next === undefined ? null : next;  // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode? next; // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(this.val, [this.next]); // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct ListNode {\nval: i32, // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnext: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct ListNode {\nint val;               // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nstruct ListNode *next; // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n};\ntypedef struct ListNode ListNode;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nListNode *newListNode(int val) {\nListNode *node, *next;\nnode = (ListNode *) malloc(sizeof(ListNode));\nnode-&gt;val = val;\nnode-&gt;next = NULL;\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\npub fn ListNode(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nval: T = 0, // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnext: ?*Self = null, // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\npub fn init(self: *Self, x: i32) void {\nself.val = x;\nself.next = null;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#421","title":"4.2.1 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>\u5efa\u7acb\u94fe\u8868\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411 <code>next</code> \u4f9d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nn0 = ListNode(1)\nn1 = ListNode(3)\nn2 = ListNode(2)\nn3 = ListNode(5)\nn4 = ListNode(4)\n# \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1\nn1.next = n2\nn2.next = n3\nn3.next = n4\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode* n0 = new ListNode(1);\nListNode* n1 = new ListNode(3);\nListNode* n2 = new ListNode(2);\nListNode* n3 = new ListNode(5);\nListNode* n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0-&gt;next = n1;\nn1-&gt;next = n2;\nn2-&gt;next = n3;\nn3-&gt;next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode n0 = new ListNode(1);\nListNode n1 = new ListNode(3);\nListNode n2 = new ListNode(2);\nListNode n3 = new ListNode(5);\nListNode n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode n0 = new ListNode(1);\nListNode n1 = new ListNode(3);\nListNode n2 = new ListNode(2);\nListNode n3 = new ListNode(5);\nListNode n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nn0 := NewListNode(1)\nn1 := NewListNode(3)\nn2 := NewListNode(2)\nn3 := NewListNode(5)\nn4 := NewListNode(4)\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.Next = n1\nn1.Next = n2\nn2.Next = n3\nn3.Next = n4\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nlet n0 = ListNode(x: 1)\nlet n1 = ListNode(x: 3)\nlet n2 = ListNode(x: 2)\nlet n3 = ListNode(x: 5)\nlet n4 = ListNode(x: 4)\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1\nn1.next = n2\nn2.next = n3\nn3.next = n4\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nconst n0 = new ListNode(1);\nconst n1 = new ListNode(3);\nconst n2 = new ListNode(2);\nconst n3 = new ListNode(5);\nconst n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nconst n0 = new ListNode(1);\nconst n1 = new ListNode(3);\nconst n2 = new ListNode(2);\nconst n3 = new ListNode(5);\nconst n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\\\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode n0 = ListNode(1);\nListNode n1 = ListNode(3);\nListNode n2 = ListNode(2);\nListNode n3 = ListNode(5);\nListNode n4 = ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nlet n0 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 1, next: None }));\nlet n1 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 3, next: None }));\nlet n2 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 2, next: None }));\nlet n3 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 5, next: None }));\nlet n4 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 4, next: None }));\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.borrow_mut().next = Some(n1.clone());\nn1.borrow_mut().next = Some(n2.clone());\nn2.borrow_mut().next = Some(n3.clone());\nn3.borrow_mut().next = Some(n4.clone());\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode* n0 = newListNode(1);\nListNode* n1 = newListNode(3);\nListNode* n2 = newListNode(2);\nListNode* n3 = newListNode(5);\nListNode* n4 = newListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0-&gt;next = n1;\nn1-&gt;next = n2;\nn2-&gt;next = n3;\nn3-&gt;next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nvar n0 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 1};\nvar n1 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 3};\nvar n2 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 2};\nvar n3 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 5};\nvar n4 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 4};\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = &amp;n1;\nn1.next = &amp;n2;\nn2.next = &amp;n3;\nn3.next = &amp;n4;\n</code></pre> <p>\u6570\u7ec4\u6574\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u5305\u542b\u5143\u7d20 <code>nums[0]</code> \u548c <code>nums[1]</code> \u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u5f53\u4f5c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4ee3\u79f0\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u53ef\u88ab\u8bb0\u505a\u94fe\u8868 <code>n0</code> \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u5982\u56fe 4-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5728\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 <code>n0</code> \u548c <code>n1</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9 <code>P</code> \uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-6 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u793a\u4f8b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code>def insert(n0: ListNode, P: ListNode):\n\"\"\"\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\"\"\"\nn1 = n0.next\nP.next = n1\nn0.next = P\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\nvoid insert(ListNode *n0, ListNode *P) {\nListNode *n1 = n0-&gt;next;\nP-&gt;next = n1;\nn0-&gt;next = P;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\nvoid insert(ListNode n0, ListNode P) {\nListNode n1 = n0.next;\nP.next = n1;\nn0.next = P;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\nvoid insert(ListNode n0, ListNode P) {\nListNode? n1 = n0.next;\nP.next = n1;\nn0.next = P;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\nfunc insertNode(n0 *ListNode, P *ListNode) {\nn1 := n0.Next\nP.Next = n1\nn0.Next = P\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\nfunc insert(n0: ListNode, P: ListNode) {\nlet n1 = n0.next\nP.next = n1\nn0.next = P\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\nfunction insert(n0, P) {\nconst n1 = n0.next;\nP.next = n1;\nn0.next = P;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\nfunction insert(n0: ListNode, P: ListNode): void {\nconst n1 = n0.next;\nP.next = n1;\nn0.next = P;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\nvoid insert(ListNode n0, ListNode P) {\nListNode? n1 = n0.next;\nP.next = n1;\nn0.next = P;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\n#[allow(non_snake_case)]\npub fn insert&lt;T&gt;(n0: &amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;, P: Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;) {\nlet n1 =  n0.borrow_mut().next.take();\nP.borrow_mut().next = n1;\nn0.borrow_mut().next = Some(P);\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P */\nvoid insert(ListNode *n0, ListNode *P) {\nListNode *n1 = n0-&gt;next;\nP-&gt;next = n1;\nn0-&gt;next = P;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>// \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nfn insert(n0: ?*inc.ListNode(i32), P: ?*inc.ListNode(i32)) void {\nvar n1 = n0.?.next;\nP.?.next = n1;\nn0.?.next = P;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 4-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u8282\u70b9 <code>P</code> \u4ecd\u7136\u6307\u5411 <code>n1</code> \uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u904d\u5386\u6b64\u94fe\u8868\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230 <code>P</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 <code>P</code> \u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u94fe\u8868\u4e86\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-7 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code>def remove(n0: ListNode):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\"\"\"\nif not n0.next:\nreturn\n# n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nP = n0.next\nn1 = P.next\nn0.next = n1\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(ListNode *n0) {\nif (n0-&gt;next == nullptr)\nreturn;\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nListNode *P = n0-&gt;next;\nListNode *n1 = P-&gt;next;\nn0-&gt;next = n1;\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\ndelete P;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(ListNode n0) {\nif (n0.next == null)\nreturn;\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nListNode P = n0.next;\nListNode n1 = P.next;\nn0.next = n1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(ListNode n0) {\nif (n0.next == null)\nreturn;\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nListNode P = n0.next;\nListNode? n1 = P.next;\nn0.next = n1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc removeNode(n0 *ListNode) {\nif n0.Next == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nP := n0.Next\nn1 := P.Next\nn0.Next = n1\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc remove(n0: ListNode) {\nif n0.next == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nlet P = n0.next\nlet n1 = P?.next\nn0.next = n1\nP?.next = nil\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunction remove(n0) {\nif (!n0.next) return;\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nconst P = n0.next;\nconst n1 = P.next;\nn0.next = n1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunction remove(n0: ListNode): void {\nif (!n0.next) {\nreturn;\n}\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nconst P = n0.next;\nconst n1 = P.next;\nn0.next = n1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(ListNode n0) {\nif (n0.next == null) return;\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nListNode P = n0.next!;\nListNode? n1 = P.next;\nn0.next = n1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\n#[allow(non_snake_case)]\npub fn remove&lt;T&gt;(n0: &amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;) {\nif n0.borrow().next.is_none() {return};\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nlet P = n0.borrow_mut().next.take();\nif let Some(node) = P {\nlet n1 = node.borrow_mut().next.take();\nn0.borrow_mut().next = n1;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\n// \u6ce8\u610f\uff1astdio.h \u5360\u7528\u4e86 remove \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\nvoid removeNode(ListNode *n0) {\nif (!n0-&gt;next)\nreturn;\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nListNode *P = n0-&gt;next;\nListNode *n1 = P-&gt;next;\nn0-&gt;next = n1;\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nfree(P);\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>// \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9 n0 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nfn remove(n0: ?*inc.ListNode(i32)) void {\nif (n0.?.next == null) return;\n// n0 -&gt; P -&gt; n1\nvar P = n0.?.next;\nvar n1 = P.?.next;\nn0.?.next = n1;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u5982\u4e0a\u8282\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u4e0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u94fe\u8868\u5219\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(i - 1\\) \u8f6e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code>def access(head: ListNode, index: int) -&gt; ListNode | None:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9\"\"\"\nfor _ in range(index):\nif not head:\nreturn None\nhead = head.next\nreturn head\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\nListNode *access(ListNode *head, int index) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; index; i++) {\nif (head == nullptr)\nreturn nullptr;\nhead = head-&gt;next;\n}\nreturn head;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\nListNode access(ListNode head, int index) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; index; i++) {\nif (head == null)\nreturn null;\nhead = head.next;\n}\nreturn head;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\nListNode? access(ListNode head, int index) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; index; i++) {\nif (head == null)\nreturn null;\nhead = head.next;\n}\nreturn head;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc access(head *ListNode, index int) *ListNode {\nfor i := 0; i &lt; index; i++ {\nif head == nil {\nreturn nil\n}\nhead = head.Next\n}\nreturn head\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc access(head: ListNode, index: Int) -&gt; ListNode? {\nvar head: ListNode? = head\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; index {\nif head == nil {\nreturn nil\n}\nhead = head?.next\n}\nreturn head\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunction access(head, index) {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; index; i++) {\nif (!head) {\nreturn null;\n}\nhead = head.next;\n}\nreturn head;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunction access(head: ListNode | null, index: number): ListNode | null {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; index; i++) {\nif (!head) {\nreturn null;\n}\nhead = head.next;\n}\nreturn head;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\nListNode? access(ListNode? head, int index) {\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; index; i++) {\nif (head == null) return null;\nhead = head.next;\n}\nreturn head;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\npub fn access&lt;T&gt;(head: Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;, index: i32) -&gt; Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt; {\nif index &lt;= 0 {return head};\nif let Some(node) = &amp;head.borrow_mut().next {\nreturn access(node.clone(), index - 1);\n}\nreturn head;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9 */\nListNode *access(ListNode *head, int index) {\nwhile (head &amp;&amp; head-&gt;next &amp;&amp; index) {\nhead = head-&gt;next;\nindex--;\n}\nreturn head;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>// \u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index \u7684\u8282\u70b9\nfn access(node: ?*inc.ListNode(i32), index: i32) ?*inc.ListNode(i32) {\nvar head = node;\nvar i: i32 = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; index) : (i += 1) {\nhead = head.?.next;\nif (head == null) return null;\n}\nreturn head;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#5","title":"5. \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u94fe\u8868\u5185\u503c\u4e3a <code>target</code> \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code>def find(head: ListNode, target: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\"\"\"\nindex = 0\nwhile head:\nif head.val == target:\nreturn index\nhead = head.next\nindex += 1\nreturn -1\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nint find(ListNode *head, int target) {\nint index = 0;\nwhile (head != nullptr) {\nif (head-&gt;val == target)\nreturn index;\nhead = head-&gt;next;\nindex++;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nint find(ListNode head, int target) {\nint index = 0;\nwhile (head != null) {\nif (head.val == target)\nreturn index;\nhead = head.next;\nindex++;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nint find(ListNode head, int target) {\nint index = 0;\nwhile (head != null) {\nif (head.val == target)\nreturn index;\nhead = head.next;\nindex++;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc findNode(head *ListNode, target int) int {\nindex := 0\nfor head != nil {\nif head.Val == target {\nreturn index\n}\nhead = head.Next\nindex++\n}\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc find(head: ListNode, target: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar head: ListNode? = head\nvar index = 0\nwhile head != nil {\nif head?.val == target {\nreturn index\n}\nhead = head?.next\nindex += 1\n}\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunction find(head, target) {\nlet index = 0;\nwhile (head !== null) {\nif (head.val === target) {\nreturn index;\n}\nhead = head.next;\nindex += 1;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunction find(head: ListNode | null, target: number): number {\nlet index = 0;\nwhile (head !== null) {\nif (head.val === target) {\nreturn index;\n}\nhead = head.next;\nindex += 1;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nint find(ListNode? head, int target) {\nint index = 0;\nwhile (head != null) {\nif (head.val == target) {\nreturn index;\n}\nhead = head.next;\nindex++;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\npub fn find&lt;T: PartialEq&gt;(head: Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;, target: T, index: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nif head.borrow().val == target {return index};\nif let Some(node) = &amp;head.borrow_mut().next {\nreturn find(node.clone(), target, index + 1);\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>/* \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 */\nint find(ListNode *head, int target) {\nint index = 0;\nwhile (head) {\nif (head-&gt;val == target)\nreturn index;\nhead = head-&gt;next;\nindex++;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>// \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u503c\u4e3a target \u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nfn find(node: ?*inc.ListNode(i32), target: i32) i32 {\nvar head = node;\nvar index: i32 = 0;\nwhile (head != null) {\nif (head.?.val == target) return index;\nhead = head.?.next;\nindex += 1;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#422-vs","title":"4.2.2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4 VS \u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>\u8868 4-1 \u603b\u7ed3\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5404\u9879\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5404\u79cd\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u5448\u73b0\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 4-1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u6570\u7ec4 \u94fe\u8868 \u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f \u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4 \u5206\u6563\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4 \u7f13\u5b58\u5c40\u90e8\u6027 \u53cb\u597d \u4e0d\u53cb\u597d \u5bb9\u91cf\u6269\u5c55 \u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8 \u53ef\u7075\u6d3b\u6269\u5c55 \u5185\u5b58\u6548\u7387 \u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u5c11\u3001\u6d6a\u8d39\u90e8\u5206\u7a7a\u95f4 \u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u591a \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\)"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#423","title":"4.2.3 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 4-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff1a\u5373\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u666e\u901a\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b\u503c\u548c\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u4e24\u9879\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u7a7a \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u73af\u5f62\u94fe\u8868\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee4\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u63a5\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u5f62\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u5728\u73af\u5f62\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4f5c\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff1a\u4e0e\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5b9a\u4e49\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u548c\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u66f4\u5177\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u671d\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class ListNode:\n\"\"\"\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val                # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.next: ListNode | None = None  # \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nself.prev: ListNode | None = None  # \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct ListNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode *next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nListNode *prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr), prev(nullptr) {}  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(int x) { val = x; }  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(int x) =&gt; val = x;  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype DoublyListNode struct {\nVal  int             // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nNext *DoublyListNode // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nPrev *DoublyListNode // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n}\n// NewDoublyListNode \u521d\u59cb\u5316\nfunc NewDoublyListNode(val int) *DoublyListNode {\nreturn &amp;DoublyListNode{\nVal:  val,\nNext: nil,\nPrev: nil,\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nvar val: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nvar next: ListNode? // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nvar prev: ListNode? // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\ninit(x: Int) { // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\nval = x\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nval;\nnext;\nprev;\nconstructor(val, next, prev) {\nthis.val = val  ===  undefined ? 0 : val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = next  ===  undefined ? null : next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nthis.prev = prev  ===  undefined ? null : prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nval: number;\nnext: ListNode | null;\nprev: ListNode | null;\nconstructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null, prev?: ListNode | null) {\nthis.val = val  ===  undefined ? 0 : val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = next  ===  undefined ? null : next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nthis.prev = prev  ===  undefined ? null : prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(this.val, [this.next, this.prev]);  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u578b */\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct ListNode {\nval: i32, // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnext: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nprev: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nimpl ListNode {\nfn new(val: i32) -&gt; Self {\nListNode {\nval,\nnext: None,\nprev: None,\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct ListNode {\nint val;               // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nstruct ListNode *next; // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nstruct ListNode *prev; // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n};\ntypedef struct ListNode ListNode;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nListNode *newListNode(int val) {\nListNode *node, *next;\nnode = (ListNode *) malloc(sizeof(ListNode));\nnode-&gt;val = val;\nnode-&gt;next = NULL;\nnode-&gt;prev = NULL;\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\npub fn ListNode(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nval: T = 0, // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnext: ?*Self = null, // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nprev: ?*Self = null, // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\npub fn init(self: *Self, x: i32) void {\nself.val = x;\nself.next = null;\nself.prev = null;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-8 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u94fe\u8868\u79cd\u7c7b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#424","title":"4.2.4 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u548c\u56fe\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6808\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\uff1a\u5f53\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5148\u8fdb\u540e\u51fa\u7684\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u6808\uff1b\u5f53\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u961f\u5217\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff1a\u94fe\u5730\u5740\u6cd5\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\uff1a\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u662f\u8868\u793a\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fe\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0e\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u3001B \u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3002</li> <li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5386\u53f2\uff1a\u5728\u7f51\u9875\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u524d\u8fdb\u6216\u540e\u9000\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u3002\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d8\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u3002</li> <li>LRU \u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08LRU\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u652f\u6301\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u5408\u9002\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5468\u671f\u6027\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8f6c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8f6c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 CPU \u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7528\u5b8c\u65f6\uff0cCPU \u5c06\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u97f3\u9891\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u64ad\u653e\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u7f13\u51b2\u5757\u5e76\u653e\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u7f1d\u64ad\u653e\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/","title":"4.3 \u00a0 \u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e8b\u5148\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53d8\u5f97\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u82e5\u957f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5c0f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u9891\u7e41\u6269\u5bb9\u6570\u7ec4\uff1b\u82e5\u957f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4 dynamic array\u300d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5373\u957f\u5ea6\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5217\u8868 list\u300d\u3002\u5217\u8868\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5bb9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u987b\u62c5\u5fc3\u8d85\u8fc7\u5bb9\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#431","title":"4.3.1 \u00a0 \u5217\u8868\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u201d\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\n# \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlist1: list[int] = []\n# \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlist: list[int] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u9700\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cC++ \u4e2d vector \u5373\u662f\u672c\u6587\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684 list\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nvector&lt;int&gt; list1;\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nvector&lt;int&gt; list = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nList&lt;Integer&gt; list1 = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u9700\u4e3a int[] \u7684\u5305\u88c5\u7c7b Integer[]\uff09\nInteger[] numbers = new Integer[] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\nList&lt;Integer&gt; list = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(numbers));\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nList&lt;int&gt; list1 = new ();\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nint[] numbers = new int[] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\nList&lt;int&gt; list = numbers.ToList();\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlist1 := []int\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlist := []int{1, 3, 2, 5, 4}\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlet list1: [Int] = []\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nvar list = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nconst list1 = [];\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nconst list = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nconst list1: number[] = [];\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nconst list: number[] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nList&lt;int&gt; list1 = [];\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nList&lt;int&gt; list = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlet list1: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = Vec::new();\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlet list2: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\nvar list = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer list.deinit();\ntry list.appendSlice(&amp;[_]i32{ 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 });\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u5217\u8868\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\nnum: int = list[1]  # \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\nlist[1] = 0    # \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint num = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint num = list.get(1);  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.set(1, 0);  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint num = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nnum := list[1]  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0     // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet num = list[1] // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0 // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst num = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst num: number = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint num = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet num: i32 = list[1];    // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;               // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\nvar num = list.items[1]; // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\nlist.items[1] = 0; // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0  \n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5728\u5217\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4ecd\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\nlist.clear()\n# \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\nlist.append(1)\nlist.append(3)\nlist.append(2)\nlist.append(5)\nlist.append(4)\n# \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\nlist.insert(3, 6)  # \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n# \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nlist.pop(3)        # \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.push_back(1);\nlist.push_back(3);\nlist.push_back(2);\nlist.push_back(5);\nlist.push_back(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.insert(list.begin() + 3, 6);  // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.erase(list.begin() + 3);      // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.add(1);\nlist.add(3);\nlist.add(2);\nlist.add(5);\nlist.add(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.add(3, 6);  // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.remove(3);  // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.Clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.Add(1);\nlist.Add(3);\nlist.Add(2);\nlist.Add(5);\nlist.Add(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.Insert(3, 6);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.RemoveAt(3);\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist = nil\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist = append(list, 1)\nlist = append(list, 3)\nlist = append(list, 2)\nlist = append(list, 5)\nlist = append(list, 4)\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist = append(list[:3], append([]int{6}, list[3:]...)...) // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist = append(list[:3], list[4:]...) // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.removeAll()\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.append(1)\nlist.append(3)\nlist.append(2)\nlist.append(5)\nlist.append(4)\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.insert(6, at: 3) // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.remove(at: 3) // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.length = 0;\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.push(1);\nlist.push(3);\nlist.push(2);\nlist.push(5);\nlist.push(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.splice(3, 0, 6);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.splice(3, 1);\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.length = 0;\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.push(1);\nlist.push(3);\nlist.push(2);\nlist.push(5);\nlist.push(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.splice(3, 0, 6);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.splice(3, 1);\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.add(1);\nlist.add(3);\nlist.add(2);\nlist.add(5);\nlist.add(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.insert(3, 6); // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.removeAt(3); // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.push(1);\nlist.push(3);\nlist.push(2);\nlist.push(5);\nlist.push(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.insert(3, 6);  // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.remove(3);    // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\nlist.clearRetainingCapacity();\n// \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\ntry list.append(1);\ntry list.append(3);\ntry list.append(2);\ntry list.append(5);\ntry list.append(4);\n// \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\ntry list.insert(3, 6); // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n// \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\n_ = list.orderedRemove(3); // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\ncount = 0\nfor i in range(len(list)):\ncount += 1\n# \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\ncount = 0\nfor n in list:\ncount += 1\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; list.size(); i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n : list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; list.size(); i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n : list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; list.Count; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nforeach (int n in list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\ncount := 0\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(list); i++ {\ncount++\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0\nfor range list {\ncount++\n}\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nvar count = 0\nfor _ in list.indices {\ncount += 1\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0\nfor _ in list {\ncount += 1\n}\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (const n of list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (const n of list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n in list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet mut count = 0;\nfor (index, value) in list.iter().enumerate() {\ncount += 1;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet mut count = 0;\nfor value in list.iter() {\ncount += 1;\n}\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\nvar count: i32 = 0;\nvar i: i32 = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; list.items.len) : (i += 1) {\ncount += 1;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\ncount = 0;\nfor (list.items) |_| {\ncount += 1;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#5","title":"5. \u00a0 \u62fc\u63a5\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5217\u8868 <code>list1</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8be5\u5217\u8868\u62fc\u63a5\u5230\u539f\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\nlist1: list[int] = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9]\nlist += list1  # \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; list1 = { 6, 8, 7, 10, 9 };\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\nlist.insert(list.end(), list1.begin(), list1.end());\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nList&lt;Integer&gt; list1 = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 6, 8, 7, 10, 9 }));\nlist.addAll(list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nList&lt;int&gt; list1 = new() { 6, 8, 7, 10, 9 };\nlist.AddRange(list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist1 := []int{6, 8, 7, 10, 9}\nlist = append(list, list1...)  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nlet list1 = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9]\nlist.append(contentsOf: list1) // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nconst list1 = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];\nlist.push(...list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nconst list1: number[] = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];\nlist.push(...list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nList&lt;int&gt; list1 = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];\nlist.addAll(list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nlet list1: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![6, 8, 7, 10, 9];\nlist.extend(list1);\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\nvar list1 = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer list1.deinit();\ntry list1.appendSlice(&amp;[_]i32{ 6, 8, 7, 10, 9 });\ntry list.insertSlice(list.items.len, list1.items); // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#6","title":"6. \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u5217\u8868\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u548c\u201c\u53cc\u6307\u9488\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\nlist.sort()  # \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nsort(list.begin(), list.end());  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nCollections.sort(list);  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.Sort(); // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nsort.Ints(list)  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.sort() // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */  list.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b);  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b);  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.sort(); // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.sort(); // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\nstd.sort.sort(i32, list.items, {}, comptime std.sort.asc(i32));\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#432","title":"4.3.2 \u00a0 \u5217\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Java\u3001C++\u3001Python \u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8003\u7a76\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\u7b49\u3002\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u9605\u6e90\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u6df1\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u6613\u7248\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u91cd\u70b9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9 10 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u91cf\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf <code>size</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u7740\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5b9e\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5217\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5bb9\u3002</li> <li>\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\uff1a\u82e5\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\u5df2\u6ee1\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\u3002\u9996\u5148\u6839\u636e\u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5728\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89c4\u5b9a\u6bcf\u6b21\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\u81f3\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 2 \u500d\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_list.py<pre><code>class MyList:\n\"\"\"\u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.__capacity: int = 10  # \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nself.__nums: list[int] = [0] * self.__capacity  # \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nself.__size: int = 0  # \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nself.__extend_ratio: int = 2  # \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\ndef size(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\"\"\"\nreturn self.__size\ndef capacity(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\"\"\"\nreturn self.__capacity\ndef get(self, index: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\n# \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif index &lt; 0 or index &gt;= self.__size:\nraise IndexError(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\nreturn self.__nums[index]\ndef set(self, num: int, index: int):\n\"\"\"\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif index &lt; 0 or index &gt;= self.__size:\nraise IndexError(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\nself.__nums[index] = num\ndef add(self, num: int):\n\"\"\"\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\n# \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif self.size() == self.capacity():\nself.extend_capacity()\nself.__nums[self.__size] = num\nself.__size += 1\ndef insert(self, num: int, index: int):\n\"\"\"\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif index &lt; 0 or index &gt;= self.__size:\nraise IndexError(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\n# \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif self.__size == self.capacity():\nself.extend_capacity()\n# \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor j in range(self.__size - 1, index - 1, -1):\nself.__nums[j + 1] = self.__nums[j]\nself.__nums[index] = num\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nself.__size += 1\ndef remove(self, index: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif index &lt; 0 or index &gt;= self.__size:\nraise IndexError(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\nnum = self.__nums[index]\n# \u7d22\u5f15 i \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor j in range(index, self.__size - 1):\nself.__nums[j] = self.__nums[j + 1]\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nself.__size -= 1\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num\ndef extend_capacity(self):\n\"\"\"\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\"\"\"\n# \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 __extend_ratio \u500d\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nself.__nums = self.__nums + [0] * self.capacity() * (self.__extend_ratio - 1)\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nself.__capacity = len(self.__nums)\ndef to_array(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u8fd4\u56de\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5217\u8868\"\"\"\nreturn self.__nums[: self.__size]\n</code></pre> my_list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\nclass MyList {\nprivate:\nint *nums;             // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint numsCapacity = 10; // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nint numsSize = 0;      // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nint extendRatio = 2;   // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\npublic:\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nMyList() {\nnums = new int[numsCapacity];\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u65b9\u6cd5 */\n~MyList() {\ndelete[] nums;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09*/\nint size() {\nreturn numsSize;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\nint capacity() {\nreturn numsCapacity;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint get(int index) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= size())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nreturn nums[index];\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid set(int index, int num) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= size())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid add(int num) {\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (size() == capacity())\nextendCapacity();\nnums[size()] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nnumsSize++;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid insert(int index, int num) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= size())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (size() == capacity())\nextendCapacity();\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int j = size() - 1; j &gt;= index; j--) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j];\n}\nnums[index] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nnumsSize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nint remove(int index) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= size())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nint num = nums[index];\n// \u7d22\u5f15 i \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int j = index; j &lt; size() - 1; j++) {\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nnumsSize--;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\nvoid extendCapacity() {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 extendRatio \u500d\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nint newCapacity = capacity() * extendRatio;\nint *tmp = nums;\nnums = new int[newCapacity];\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size(); i++) {\nnums[i] = tmp[i];\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\ndelete[] tmp;\nnumsCapacity = newCapacity;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a Vector \u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; toVector() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nvector&lt;int&gt; vec(size());\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size(); i++) {\nvec[i] = nums[i];\n}\nreturn vec;\n}\n};\n</code></pre> my_list.java<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\nclass MyList {\nprivate int[] nums; // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nprivate int capacity = 10; // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nprivate int size = 0; // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nprivate int extendRatio = 2; // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic MyList() {\nnums = new int[capacity];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn size;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\npublic int capacity() {\nreturn capacity;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int get(int index) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= size)\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nreturn nums[index];\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic void set(int index, int num) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= size)\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic void add(int num) {\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (size == capacity())\nextendCapacity();\nnums[size] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nsize++;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic void insert(int index, int num) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= size)\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (size == capacity())\nextendCapacity();\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int j = size - 1; j &gt;= index; j--) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j];\n}\nnums[index] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nsize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int remove(int index) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= size)\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nint num = nums[index];\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int j = index; j &lt; size - 1; j++) {\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nsize--;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\npublic void extendCapacity() {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 extendRatio \u500d\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nnums = Arrays.copyOf(nums, capacity() * extendRatio);\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\ncapacity = nums.length;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4 */\npublic int[] toArray() {\nint size = size();\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nint[] nums = new int[size];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nnums[i] = get(i);\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_list.cs<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\nclass MyList {\nprivate int[] nums;           // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nprivate int numsCapacity = 10;    // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nprivate int numsSize = 0;         // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nprivate int extendRatio = 2;  // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic MyList() {\nnums = new int[numsCapacity];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09*/\npublic int size() {\nreturn numsSize;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\npublic int capacity() {\nreturn numsCapacity;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int get(int index) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= numsSize)\nthrow new IndexOutOfRangeException(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nreturn nums[index];\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic void set(int index, int num) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= numsSize)\nthrow new IndexOutOfRangeException(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic void add(int num) {\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (numsSize == numsCapacity)\nextendCapacity();\nnums[numsSize] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nnumsSize++;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic void insert(int index, int num) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= numsSize)\nthrow new IndexOutOfRangeException(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (numsSize == numsCapacity)\nextendCapacity();\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int j = numsSize - 1; j &gt;= index; j--) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j];\n}\nnums[index] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nnumsSize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int remove(int index) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= numsSize)\nthrow new IndexOutOfRangeException(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nint num = nums[index];\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int j = index; j &lt; numsSize - 1; j++) {\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nnumsSize--;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\npublic void extendCapacity() {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a numsCapacity * extendRatio \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nArray.Resize(ref nums, numsCapacity * extendRatio);\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nnumsCapacity = nums.Length;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4 */\npublic int[] toArray() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nint[] nums = new int[numsSize];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; numsSize; i++) {\nnums[i] = get(i);\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_list.go<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\ntype myList struct {\nnumsCapacity int\nnums         []int\nnumsSize     int\nextendRatio  int\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc newMyList() *myList {\nreturn &amp;myList{\nnumsCapacity: 10,              // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nnums:         make([]int, 10), // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nnumsSize:     0,               // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nextendRatio:  2,               // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09 */\nfunc (l *myList) size() int {\nreturn l.numsSize\n}\n/*  \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\nfunc (l *myList) capacity() int {\nreturn l.numsCapacity\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (l *myList) get(index int) int {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= l.numsSize {\npanic(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\nreturn l.nums[index]\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (l *myList) set(num, index int) {\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= l.numsSize {\npanic(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\nl.nums[index] = num\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (l *myList) add(num int) {\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif l.numsSize == l.numsCapacity {\nl.extendCapacity()\n}\nl.nums[l.numsSize] = num\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nl.numsSize++\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (l *myList) insert(num, index int) {\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= l.numsSize {\npanic(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif l.numsSize == l.numsCapacity {\nl.extendCapacity()\n}\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor j := l.numsSize - 1; j &gt;= index; j-- {\nl.nums[j+1] = l.nums[j]\n}\nl.nums[index] = num\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nl.numsSize++\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (l *myList) remove(index int) int {\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= l.numsSize {\npanic(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\nnum := l.nums[index]\n// \u7d22\u5f15 i \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor j := index; j &lt; l.numsSize-1; j++ {\nl.nums[j] = l.nums[j+1]\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nl.numsSize--\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\nfunc (l *myList) extendCapacity() {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 extendRatio \u500d\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nl.nums = append(l.nums, make([]int, l.numsCapacity*(l.extendRatio-1))...)\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nl.numsCapacity = len(l.nums)\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5217\u8868 */\nfunc (l *myList) toArray() []int {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nreturn l.nums[:l.numsSize]\n}\n</code></pre> my_list.swift<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\nclass MyList {\nprivate var nums: [Int] // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nprivate var _capacity = 10 // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nprivate var _size = 0 // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nprivate let extendRatio = 2 // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\ninit() {\nnums = Array(repeating: 0, count: _capacity)\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09*/\nfunc size() -&gt; Int {\n_size\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\nfunc capacity() -&gt; Int {\n_capacity\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc get(index: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= _size {\nfatalError(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\nreturn nums[index]\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc set(index: Int, num: Int) {\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= _size {\nfatalError(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\nnums[index] = num\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc add(num: Int) {\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif _size == _capacity {\nextendCapacity()\n}\nnums[_size] = num\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\n_size += 1\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc insert(index: Int, num: Int) {\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= _size {\nfatalError(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif _size == _capacity {\nextendCapacity()\n}\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor j in sequence(first: _size - 1, next: { $0 &gt;= index + 1 ? $0 - 1 : nil }) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j]\n}\nnums[index] = num\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\n_size += 1\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\n@discardableResult\nfunc remove(index: Int) -&gt; Int {\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= _size {\nfatalError(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\nlet num = nums[index]\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor j in index ..&lt; (_size - 1) {\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1]\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\n_size -= 1\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\nfunc extendCapacity() {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 extendRatio \u500d\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nnums = nums + Array(repeating: 0, count: _capacity * (extendRatio - 1))\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\n_capacity = nums.count\n}\n/* \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunc toArray() -&gt; [Int] {\nvar nums = Array(repeating: 0, count: _size)\nfor i in 0 ..&lt; _size {\nnums[i] = get(index: i)\n}\nreturn nums\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_list.js<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\nclass MyList {\n#nums = new Array(); // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n#capacity = 10; // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\n#size = 0; // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\n#extendRatio = 2; // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor() {\nthis.#nums = new Array(this.#capacity);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09*/\nsize() {\nreturn this.#size;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\ncapacity() {\nreturn this.#capacity;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nget(index) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= this.#size) throw new Error('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\nreturn this.#nums[index];\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nset(index, num) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= this.#size) throw new Error('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\nthis.#nums[index] = num;\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nadd(num) {\n// \u5982\u679c\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5bb9\nif (this.#size === this.#capacity) {\nthis.extendCapacity();\n}\n// \u5c06\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5217\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nthis.#nums[this.#size] = num;\nthis.#size++;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\ninsert(index, num) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= this.#size) throw new Error('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (this.#size === this.#capacity) {\nthis.extendCapacity();\n}\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let j = this.#size - 1; j &gt;= index; j--) {\nthis.#nums[j + 1] = this.#nums[j];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nthis.#nums[index] = num;\nthis.#size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nremove(index) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= this.#size) throw new Error('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\nlet num = this.#nums[index];\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let j = index; j &lt; this.#size - 1; j++) {\nthis.#nums[j] = this.#nums[j + 1];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nthis.#size--;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\nextendCapacity() {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 extendRatio \u500d\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nthis.#nums = this.#nums.concat(\nnew Array(this.capacity() * (this.#extendRatio - 1))\n);\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nthis.#capacity = this.#nums.length;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4 */\ntoArray() {\nlet size = this.size();\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nconst nums = new Array(size);\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nnums[i] = this.get(i);\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_list.ts<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\nclass MyList {\nprivate nums: Array&lt;number&gt;; // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nprivate _capacity: number = 10; // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nprivate _size: number = 0; // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nprivate extendRatio: number = 2; // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor() {\nthis.nums = new Array(this._capacity);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09*/\npublic size(): number {\nreturn this._size;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\npublic capacity(): number {\nreturn this._capacity;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic get(index: number): number {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= this._size) throw new Error('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\nreturn this.nums[index];\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic set(index: number, num: number): void {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= this._size) throw new Error('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\nthis.nums[index] = num;\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic add(num: number): void {\n// \u5982\u679c\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5bb9\nif (this._size === this._capacity) this.extendCapacity();\n// \u5c06\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5217\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nthis.nums[this._size] = num;\nthis._size++;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic insert(index: number, num: number): void {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= this._size) throw new Error('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (this._size === this._capacity) {\nthis.extendCapacity();\n}\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let j = this._size - 1; j &gt;= index; j--) {\nthis.nums[j + 1] = this.nums[j];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nthis.nums[index] = num;\nthis._size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic remove(index: number): number {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= this._size) throw new Error('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\nlet num = this.nums[index];\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let j = index; j &lt; this._size - 1; j++) {\nthis.nums[j] = this.nums[j + 1];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nthis._size--;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\npublic extendCapacity(): void {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a size \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nthis.nums = this.nums.concat(\nnew Array(this.capacity() * (this.extendRatio - 1))\n);\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nthis._capacity = this.nums.length;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4 */\npublic toArray(): number[] {\nlet size = this.size();\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nconst nums = new Array(size);\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nnums[i] = this.get(i);\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_list.dart<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\nclass MyList {\nlate List&lt;int&gt; _nums; // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint _capacity = 10; // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nint _size = 0; // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nint _extendRatio = 2; // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nMyList() {\n_nums = List.filled(_capacity, 0);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09*/\nint size() =&gt; _size;\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\nint capacity() =&gt; _capacity;\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint get(int index) {\nif (index &gt;= _size) throw RangeError('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\nreturn _nums[index];\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid set(int index, int num) {\nif (index &gt;= _size) throw RangeError('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\n_nums[index] = num;\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid add(int num) {\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (_size == _capacity) extendCapacity();\n_nums[_size] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\n_size++;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid insert(int index, int num) {\nif (index &gt;= _size) throw RangeError('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (_size == _capacity) extendCapacity();\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (var j = _size - 1; j &gt;= index; j--) {\n_nums[j + 1] = _nums[j];\n}\n_nums[index] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\n_size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nint remove(int index) {\nif (index &gt;= _size) throw RangeError('\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c');\nint num = _nums[index];\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (var j = index; j &lt; _size - 1; j++) {\n_nums[j] = _nums[j + 1];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\n_size--;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\nvoid extendCapacity() {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 _extendRatio \u500d\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nfinal _newNums = List.filled(_capacity * _extendRatio, 0);\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nList.copyRange(_newNums, 0, _nums);\n// \u66f4\u65b0 _nums \u7684\u5f15\u7528\n_nums = _newNums;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\n_capacity = _nums.length;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4 */\nList&lt;int&gt; toArray() {\nList&lt;int&gt; nums = [];\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; _size; i++) {\nnums.add(get(i));\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_list.rs<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\n#[allow(dead_code)]\nstruct MyList {\nnums: Vec&lt;i32&gt;,       // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\ncapacity: usize,      // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nsize: usize,          // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nextend_ratio: usize,  // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\n}\n#[allow(unused,unused_comparisons)]\nimpl MyList {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npub fn new(capacity: usize) -&gt; Self {\nlet mut vec = Vec::new(); vec.resize(capacity, 0);\nSelf {\nnums: vec,\ncapacity,\nsize: 0,\nextend_ratio: 2,\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09*/\npub fn size(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nreturn self.size;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\npub fn capacity(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nreturn self.capacity;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\npub fn get(&amp;self, index: usize) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= self.size {panic!(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")};\nreturn self.nums[index];\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\npub fn set(&amp;mut self, index: usize, num: i32) {\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= self.size {panic!(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")};\nself.nums[index] = num;\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\npub fn add(&amp;mut self, num: i32) {\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif self.size == self.capacity() {\nself.extend_capacity();\n}\nself.nums[self.size] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nself.size += 1;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\npub fn insert(&amp;mut self, index: usize, num: i32) {\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= self.size() {panic!(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")};\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif self.size == self.capacity() {\nself.extend_capacity();\n}\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor j in (index..self.size).rev() {\nself.nums[j + 1] = self.nums[j];\n}\nself.nums[index] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nself.size += 1;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\npub fn remove(&amp;mut self, index: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nif index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= self.size() {panic!(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\")};\nlet num = self.nums[index];\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor j in (index..self.size - 1) {\nself.nums[j] = self.nums[j + 1];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nself.size -= 1;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\npub fn extend_capacity(&amp;mut self) {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 extend_ratio \u500d\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nlet new_capacity = self.capacity * self.extend_ratio;\nself.nums.resize(new_capacity, 0);\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nself.capacity = new_capacity;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4 */\npub fn to_array(&amp;mut self) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nlet mut nums = Vec::new();\nfor i in 0..self.size {\nnums.push(self.get(i));\n}\nnums\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_list.c<pre><code>/* \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0 */\nstruct myList {\nint *nums;       // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint capacity;    // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nint size;        // \u5217\u8868\u5927\u5c0f\nint extendRatio; // \u5217\u8868\u6bcf\u6b21\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\n};\ntypedef struct myList myList;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nmyList *newMyList() {\nmyList *list = malloc(sizeof(myList));\nlist-&gt;capacity = 10;\nlist-&gt;nums = malloc(sizeof(int) * list-&gt;capacity);\nlist-&gt;size = 0;\nlist-&gt;extendRatio = 2;\nreturn list;\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid delMyList(myList *list) {\nfree(list-&gt;nums);\nfree(list);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size(myList *list) {\nreturn list-&gt;size;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf */\nint capacity(myList *list) {\nreturn list-&gt;capacity;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint get(myList *list, int index) {\nassert(index &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; index &lt; list-&gt;size);\nreturn list-&gt;nums[index];\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid set(myList *list, int index, int num) {\nassert(index &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; index &lt; list-&gt;size);\nlist-&gt;nums[index] = num;\n}\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid add(myList *list, int num) {\nif (size(list) == capacity(list)) {\nextendCapacity(list); // \u6269\u5bb9\n}\nlist-&gt;nums[size(list)] = num;\nlist-&gt;size++;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid insert(myList *list, int index, int num) {\nassert(index &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; index &lt; size(list));\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (size(list) == capacity(list)) {\nextendCapacity(list); // \u6269\u5bb9\n}\nfor (int i = size(list); i &gt; index; --i) {\nlist-&gt;nums[i] = list-&gt;nums[i - 1];\n}\nlist-&gt;nums[index] = num;\nlist-&gt;size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\n// \u6ce8\u610f\uff1astdio.h \u5360\u7528\u4e86 remove \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\nint removeNum(myList *list, int index) {\nassert(index &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; index &lt; size(list));\nint num = list-&gt;nums[index];\nfor (int i = index; i &lt; size(list) - 1; i++) {\nlist-&gt;nums[i] = list-&gt;nums[i + 1];\n}\nlist-&gt;size--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 */\nvoid extendCapacity(myList *list) {\n// \u5148\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\nint newCapacity = capacity(list) * list-&gt;extendRatio;\nint *extend = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * newCapacity);\nint *temp = list-&gt;nums;\n// \u62f7\u8d1d\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u636e\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size(list); i++)\nextend[i] = list-&gt;nums[i];\n// \u91ca\u653e\u65e7\u6570\u636e\nfree(temp);\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u65b0\u6570\u636e\nlist-&gt;nums = extend;\nlist-&gt;capacity = newCapacity;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a Array \u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nint *toArray(myList *list) {\nreturn list-&gt;nums;\n}\n</code></pre> my_list.zig<pre><code>// \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\nfn MyList(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nnums: []T = undefined,                        // \u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nnumsCapacity: usize = 10,                     // \u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nnumSize: usize = 0,                           // \u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\nextendRatio: usize = 2,                       // \u6bcf\u6b21\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u500d\u6570\nmem_arena: ?std.heap.ArenaAllocator = null,\nmem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator = undefined, // \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58+\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\uff09\npub fn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) {\nself.mem_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(allocator);\nself.mem_allocator = self.mem_arena.?.allocator();\n}\nself.nums = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, self.numsCapacity);\n@memset(self.nums, @as(T, 0));\n}\n// \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff09\npub fn deinit(self: *Self) void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) return;\nself.mem_arena.?.deinit();\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\npub fn size(self: *Self) usize {\nreturn self.numSize;\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\npub fn capacity(self: *Self) usize {\nreturn self.numsCapacity;\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\npub fn get(self: *Self, index: usize) T {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif (index &lt; 0 or index &gt;= self.size()) @panic(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nreturn self.nums[index];\n}  // \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\npub fn set(self: *Self, index: usize, num: T) void {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u754c\u5219\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\nif (index &lt; 0 or index &gt;= self.size()) @panic(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nself.nums[index] = num;\n}  // \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\npub fn add(self: *Self, num: T) !void {\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (self.size() == self.capacity()) try self.extendCapacity();\nself.nums[self.size()] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nself.numSize += 1;\n}  // \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\npub fn insert(self: *Self, index: usize, num: T) !void {\nif (index &lt; 0 or index &gt;= self.size()) @panic(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\n// \u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\nif (self.size() == self.capacity()) try self.extendCapacity();\n// \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nvar j = self.size() - 1;\nwhile (j &gt;= index) : (j -= 1) {\nself.nums[j + 1] = self.nums[j];\n}\nself.nums[index] = num;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nself.numSize += 1;\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\npub fn remove(self: *Self, index: usize) T {\nif (index &lt; 0 or index &gt;= self.size()) @panic(\"\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\");\nvar num = self.nums[index];\n// \u7d22\u5f15 i \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nvar j = index;\nwhile (j &lt; self.size() - 1) : (j += 1) {\nself.nums[j] = self.nums[j + 1];\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\nself.numSize -= 1;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nreturn num;\n}\n// \u5217\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\npub fn extendCapacity(self: *Self) !void {\n// \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a size * extendRatio \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nvar newCapacity = self.capacity() * self.extendRatio;\nvar extend = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, newCapacity);\n@memset(extend, @as(T, 0));\n// \u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\nstd.mem.copy(T, extend, self.nums);\nself.nums = extend;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nself.numsCapacity = newCapacity;\n}\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\npub fn toArray(self: *Self) ![]T {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nvar nums = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, self.size());\n@memset(nums, @as(T, 0));\nfor (nums, 0..) |*num, i| {\nnum.* = self.get(i);\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/","title":"4.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5206\u6563\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u7ec4\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u5c11\uff1b\u4f46\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e14\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u3002</li> <li>\u94fe\u8868\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6539\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u8c03\u6574\u957f\u5ea6\uff1b\u4f46\u8282\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u3001\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u591a\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3002</li> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u8c03\u6574\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5217\u8868\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6613\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6808\u4e0a\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f</p> <p>\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6808\u4e0a\u548c\u5806\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6808\u548c\u5806\u5177\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5206\u914d\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u6808\u662f\u4e00\u5757\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u7531\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b\u800c\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u76f8\u5bf9\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u788e\u7247\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5806\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u914d\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u6808\u4e0a\u7684\u6162\u3002</li> <li>\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\uff1a\u6808\u5185\u5b58\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e00\u822c\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5806\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u578b\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff1a\u6808\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u5806\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u786e\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u7ec4\u8981\u6c42\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u5f3a\u8c03\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u94fe\u8868\u7531\u7ed3\u70b9\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 int\u3001double\u3001string\u3001object \u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u76f8\u5bf9\u5730\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u5143\u7d20\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u7ec4\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b int \u548c long \u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u522b\u5360\u7528 4 bytes \u548c 8 bytes \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <pre><code># \u5143\u7d20\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740 = \u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740 + \u5143\u7d20\u957f\u5ea6 * \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\n</code></pre> <p>\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u628a <code>P.next</code> \u8bbe\u4e3a \\(\\text{None}\\) \u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539 <code>P.next</code> \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u4ece\u8be5\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u4ece\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5230\u5c3e\u7ed3\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u9047\u4e0d\u5230 <code>P</code> \u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7ed3\u70b9 <code>P</code> \u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7ed3\u70b9 <code>P</code> \u6307\u5411\u54ea\u91cc\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u8868\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e Java\u3001Python\u3001Go \u7b49\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8282\u70b9 <code>P</code> \u662f\u5426\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u5411\u5b83\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f <code>P.next</code> \u7684\u503c\u3002\u5728 C \u548c C++ \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u3002\u4f46\u662f\u589e\u5220\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n)\\) \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u90a3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5148\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u518d\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u7684 \\(O(1)\\) \u589e\u5220\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u59cb\u7ec8\u6307\u5411\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u3001\u5c3e\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u56fe\u7247\u201c\u94fe\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d45\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5360\u7528\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u5417\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u548c\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c\u5404\u5360\u4e00\u534a\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u53ea\u662f\u5b9a\u6027\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b9a\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 int\u3001long\u3001double \u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u4e3a 8 \u5b57\u8282\u6216 4 \u5b57\u8282\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u5217\u8868\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u65f6\u65f6\u523b\u523b\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1f</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u8d85\u51fa\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6269\u5bb9\u5217\u8868\u518d\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u7533\u8bf7\u4e00\u5757\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u642c\u8fd0\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5c31\u4f1a\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u201c\u5217\u8868\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u662f\u6307\u989d\u5916\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5982\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\u6240\u5360\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u90fd\u4f1a\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u7528\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u9891\u7e41\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e58\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 \\(\\times 1.5\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5f88\u591a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1\u5b83\u4eec\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316 <code>n = [1, 2, 3]</code> \u540e\uff0c\u8fd9 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316 <code>m = [2, 1, 3]</code> \u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684 id \u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5206\u522b\u8ddf <code>n</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 <code>m</code> \u8fd8\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u5047\u5982\u628a\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u6362\u6210\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 <code>n = [n1, n2, n3, n4, n5]</code> \uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e5f\u662f\u88ab\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5404\u5904\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8282\u70b9\u672c\u8eab\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57\u4e5f\u88ab\u5305\u88c5\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u5b57\u62e5\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a id \uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u662f\u65e0\u987b\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u3002</p> <p>C++ STL \u91cc\u9762\u7684 std::list \u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e66\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u600e\u4e48\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u5462?</p> <p>\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u66f4\u9752\u7750\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u9500\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 <code>std::list</code> \u901a\u5e38\u6bd4 <code>std::vector</code> \u66f4\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7f13\u5b58\u4e0d\u53cb\u597d\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u5b58\u653e\u7684\uff0c<code>std::list</code> \u5bf9\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c<code>std::vector</code> \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u548c\u56fe\u3002\u6808\u548c\u961f\u5217\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 <code>stack</code> \u548c <code>queue</code> \uff0c\u800c\u975e\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/","title":"\u7b2c 13 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u56de\u6eaf","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u540c\u8ff7\u5bab\u4e2d\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u3002</p> <p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u627e\u5230\u901a\u5f80\u5149\u660e\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>13.1 \u00a0 \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>13.2 \u00a0 \u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>13.3 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>13.4 \u00a0 N \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>13.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/","title":"13.1 \u00a0 \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5 backtracking algorithm\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u7a77\u4e3e\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u5219\u5c06\u5176\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u6216\u8005\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</p> <p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u6765\u904d\u5386\u89e3\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u5230\u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u548c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u8282\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b64\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u8fd9\u9897\u6811\uff0c\u5e76\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a \\(7\\) \uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868 <code>res</code> \u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5982\u56fe 13-1 \u548c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig preorder_traversal_i_compact.py<pre><code>def pre_order(root: TreeNode):\n\"\"\"\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00\"\"\"\nif root is None:\nreturn\nif root.val == 7:\n# \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.append(root)\npre_order(root.left)\npre_order(root.right)\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.cpp<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode *root) {\nif (root == nullptr) {\nreturn;\n}\nif (root-&gt;val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push_back(root);\n}\npreOrder(root-&gt;left);\npreOrder(root-&gt;right);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.java<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode root) {\nif (root == null) {\nreturn;\n}\nif (root.val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.add(root);\n}\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.cs<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode root) {\nif (root == null) {\nreturn;\n}\nif (root.val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.Add(root);\n}\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.go<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00 */\nfunc preOrderI(root *TreeNode, res *[]*TreeNode) {\nif root == nil {\nreturn\n}\nif (root.Val).(int) == 7 {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\n*res = append(*res, root)\n}\npreOrderI(root.Left, res)\npreOrderI(root.Right, res)\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.swift<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00 */\nfunc preOrder(root: TreeNode?) {\nguard let root = root else {\nreturn\n}\nif root.val == 7 {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.append(root)\n}\npreOrder(root: root.left)\npreOrder(root: root.right)\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.js<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00 */\nfunction preOrder(root, res) {\nif (root === null) {\nreturn;\n}\nif (root.val === 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push(root);\n}\npreOrder(root.left, res);\npreOrder(root.right, res);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.ts<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00 */\nfunction preOrder(root: TreeNode | null, res: TreeNode[]): void {\nif (root === null) {\nreturn;\n}\nif (root.val === 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push(root);\n}\npreOrder(root.left, res);\npreOrder(root.right, res);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.dart<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode? root, List&lt;TreeNode&gt; res) {\nif (root == null) {\nreturn;\n}\nif (root.val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.add(root);\n}\npreOrder(root.left, res);\npreOrder(root.right, res);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.rs<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00 */\nfn pre_order(res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, root: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;) {\nif root.is_none() {\nreturn;\n}\nif let Some(node) = root {\nif node.borrow().val == 7 {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push(node.clone());\n}\npre_order(res, node.borrow().left.clone());\npre_order(res, node.borrow().right.clone());\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-1 \u00a0 \u5728\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u8282\u70b9 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1311","title":"13.1.1 \u00a0 \u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0e\u56de\u9000","text":"<p>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u89e3\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u56de\u9000\u201d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5f53\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u524d\u8fdb\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u64a4\u9500\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u9000\u56de\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u7ed3\u70b9\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684 <code>return</code> \u5219\u8868\u793a\u201c\u56de\u9000\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u56de\u9000\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00\u7a0d\u4f5c\u62d3\u5c55\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c</p> <p>\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 <code>path</code> \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u590d\u5236 <code>path</code> \u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868 <code>res</code> \u3002\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c<code>res</code> \u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig preorder_traversal_ii_compact.py<pre><code>def pre_order(root: TreeNode):\n\"\"\"\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c\"\"\"\nif root is None:\nreturn\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.append(root)\nif root.val == 7:\n# \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.append(list(path))\npre_order(root.left)\npre_order(root.right)\n# \u56de\u9000\npath.pop()\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.cpp<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode *root) {\nif (root == nullptr) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.push_back(root);\nif (root-&gt;val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push_back(path);\n}\npreOrder(root-&gt;left);\npreOrder(root-&gt;right);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.pop_back();\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.java<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode root) {\nif (root == null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.add(root);\nif (root.val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(path));\n}\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.remove(path.size() - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.cs<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode root) {\nif (root == null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.Add(root);\nif (root.val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.Add(new List&lt;TreeNode&gt;(path));\n}\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.RemoveAt(path.Count - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.go<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nfunc preOrderII(root *TreeNode, res *[][]*TreeNode, path *[]*TreeNode) {\nif root == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\n*path = append(*path, root)\nif root.Val.(int) == 7 {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\n*res = append(*res, *path)\n}\npreOrderII(root.Left, res, path)\npreOrderII(root.Right, res, path)\n// \u56de\u9000\n*path = (*path)[:len(*path)-1]\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.swift<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nfunc preOrder(root: TreeNode?) {\nguard let root = root else {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.append(root)\nif root.val == 7 {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.append(path)\n}\npreOrder(root: root.left)\npreOrder(root: root.right)\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.removeLast()\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.js<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nfunction preOrder(root, path, res) {\nif (root === null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.push(root);\nif (root.val === 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push([...path]);\n}\npreOrder(root.left, path, res);\npreOrder(root.right, path, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.pop();\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.ts<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nfunction preOrder(\nroot: TreeNode | null,\npath: TreeNode[],\nres: TreeNode[][]\n): void {\nif (root === null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.push(root);\nif (root.val === 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push([...path]);\n}\npreOrder(root.left, path, res);\npreOrder(root.right, path, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.pop();\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.dart<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nvoid preOrder(\nTreeNode? root,\nList&lt;TreeNode&gt; path,\nList&lt;List&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt; res,\n) {\nif (root == null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.add(root);\nif (root.val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.add(List.from(path));\n}\npreOrder(root.left, path, res);\npreOrder(root.right, path, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.removeLast();\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.rs<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nfn pre_order(res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;, path: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, root: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;) {\nif root.is_none() {\nreturn;\n}\nif let Some(node) = root {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.push(node.clone());\nif node.borrow().val == 7 {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push(path.clone());\n}\npre_order(res, path, node.borrow().left.clone());\npre_order(res, path, node.borrow().right.clone());\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.remove(path.len() -  1);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.c<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode *root, vector *path, vector *res) {\nif (root == NULL) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\nvectorPushback(path, root, sizeof(TreeNode));\nif (root-&gt;val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nvector *newPath = newVector();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; path-&gt;size; i++) {\nvectorPushback(newPath, path-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n}\nvectorPushback(res, newPath, sizeof(vector));\n}\npreOrder(root-&gt;left, path, res);\npreOrder(root-&gt;right, path, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\nvectorPopback(path);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u201c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb <code>path</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u201c\u56de\u9000\u201d\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u4ece <code>path</code> \u4e2d\u5f39\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u672c\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 13-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5c1d\u8bd5\u548c\u56de\u9000\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u524d\u8fdb\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u64a4\u9500\u201d\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u4e92\u4e3a\u9006\u5411\u7684\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-2 \u00a0 \u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0e\u56de\u9000 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1312","title":"13.1.2 \u00a0 \u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u590d\u6742\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u526a\u679d\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09</p> <p>\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u503c\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig preorder_traversal_iii_compact.py<pre><code>def pre_order(root: TreeNode):\n\"\"\"\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\"\"\"\n# \u526a\u679d\nif root is None or root.val == 3:\nreturn\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.append(root)\nif root.val == 7:\n# \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.append(list(path))\npre_order(root.left)\npre_order(root.right)\n# \u56de\u9000\npath.pop()\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.cpp<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode *root) {\n// \u526a\u679d\nif (root == nullptr || root-&gt;val == 3) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.push_back(root);\nif (root-&gt;val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push_back(path);\n}\npreOrder(root-&gt;left);\npreOrder(root-&gt;right);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.pop_back();\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.java<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode root) {\n// \u526a\u679d\nif (root == null || root.val == 3) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.add(root);\nif (root.val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(path));\n}\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.remove(path.size() - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.cs<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode root) {\n// \u526a\u679d\nif (root == null || root.val == 3) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.Add(root);\nif (root.val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.Add(new List&lt;TreeNode&gt;(path));\n}\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.RemoveAt(path.Count - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.go<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfunc preOrderIII(root *TreeNode, res *[][]*TreeNode, path *[]*TreeNode) {\n// \u526a\u679d\nif root == nil || root.Val == 3 {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\n*path = append(*path, root)\nif root.Val.(int) == 7 {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\n*res = append(*res, *path)\n}\npreOrderIII(root.Left, res, path)\npreOrderIII(root.Right, res, path)\n// \u56de\u9000\n*path = (*path)[:len(*path)-1]\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.swift<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfunc preOrder(root: TreeNode?) {\n// \u526a\u679d\nguard let root = root, root.val != 3 else {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.append(root)\nif root.val == 7 {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.append(path)\n}\npreOrder(root: root.left)\npreOrder(root: root.right)\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.removeLast()\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.js<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfunction preOrder(root, path, res) {\n// \u526a\u679d\nif (root === null || root.val === 3) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.push(root);\nif (root.val === 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push([...path]);\n}\npreOrder(root.left, path, res);\npreOrder(root.right, path, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.pop();\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.ts<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfunction preOrder(\nroot: TreeNode | null,\npath: TreeNode[],\nres: TreeNode[][]\n): void {\n// \u526a\u679d\nif (root === null || root.val === 3) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.push(root);\nif (root.val === 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push([...path]);\n}\npreOrder(root.left, path, res);\npreOrder(root.right, path, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.pop();\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.dart<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid preOrder(\nTreeNode? root,\nList&lt;TreeNode&gt; path,\nList&lt;List&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt; res,\n) {\nif (root == null || root.val == 3) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.add(root);\nif (root.val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.add(List.from(path));\n}\npreOrder(root.left, path, res);\npreOrder(root.right, path, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.removeLast();\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.rs<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfn pre_order(res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;, path: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, root: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;) {\n// \u526a\u679d\nif root.is_none() || root.as_ref().unwrap().borrow().val == 3 {\nreturn;\n}\nif let Some(node) = root {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\npath.push(node.clone());\nif node.borrow().val == 7 {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nres.push(path.clone());\n}\npre_order(res, path, node.borrow().left.clone());\npre_order(res, path, node.borrow().right.clone());\n// \u56de\u9000\npath.remove(path.len() -  1);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.c<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode *root, vector *path, vector *res) {\n// \u526a\u679d\nif (root == NULL || root-&gt;val == 3) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\nvectorPushback(path, root, sizeof(TreeNode));\nif (root-&gt;val == 7) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nvector *newPath = newVector();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; path-&gt;size; i++) {\nvectorPushback(newPath, path-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n}\nvectorPushback(res, newPath, sizeof(vector));\nres-&gt;depth++;\n}\npreOrder(root-&gt;left, path, res);\npreOrder(root-&gt;right, path, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\nvectorPopback(path);\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> <p>\u526a\u679d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u5982\u56fe 13-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u526a\u6389\u201d\u4e86\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8bb8\u591a\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-3 \u00a0 \u6839\u636e\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u526a\u679d </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1313","title":"13.1.3 \u00a0 \u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801","text":"<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u56de\u6eaf\u7684\u201c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3001\u56de\u9000\u3001\u526a\u679d\u201d\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u70bc\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u901a\u7528\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c<code>state</code> \u8868\u793a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\uff0c<code>choices</code> \u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def backtrack(state: State, choices: list[choice], res: list[state]):\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6\"\"\"\n# \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif is_solution(state):\n# \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecord_solution(state, res)\n# \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices:\n# \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif is_valid(state, choice):\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmake_choice(state, choice)\nbacktrack(state, choices, res)\n# \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundo_choice(state, choice)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State *state, vector&lt;Choice *&gt; &amp;choices, vector&lt;State *&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (Choice choice : choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State state, List&lt;Choice&gt; choices, List&lt;State&gt; res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (Choice choice : choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State state, List&lt;Choice&gt; choices, List&lt;State&gt; res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nforeach (Choice choice in choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfunc backtrack(state *State, choices []Choice, res *[]State) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif isSolution(state) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res)\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor _, choice := range choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif isValid(state, choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice)\nbacktrack(state, choices, res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfunc backtrack(state: inout State, choices: [Choice], res: inout [State]) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif isSolution(state: state) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state: state, res: &amp;res)\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif isValid(state: state, choice: choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state: &amp;state, choice: choice)\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, choices: choices, res: &amp;res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state: &amp;state, choice: choice)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfunction backtrack(state, choices, res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (let choice of choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfunction backtrack(state: State, choices: Choice[], res: State[]): void {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (let choice of choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State state, List&lt;Choice&gt;, List&lt;State&gt; res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (Choice choice in choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfn backtrack(state: &amp;mut State, choices: &amp;Vec&lt;Choice&gt;, res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;State&gt;) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif is_solution(state) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecord_solution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif is_valid(state, choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmake_choice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundo_choice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State *state, Choice *choices, int numChoices, State *res, int numRes) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res, numRes);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; numChoices; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, &amp;choices[i])) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, &amp;choices[i]);\nbacktrack(state, choices, numChoices, res, numRes);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, &amp;choices[i]);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\u3002\u72b6\u6001 <code>state</code> \u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 <code>choices</code> \u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c <code>res</code> \u662f\u8def\u5f84\u5217\u8868\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig preorder_traversal_iii_template.py<pre><code>def is_solution(state: list[TreeNode]) -&gt; bool:\n\"\"\"\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\"\"\"\nreturn state and state[-1].val == 7\ndef record_solution(state: list[TreeNode], res: list[list[TreeNode]]):\n\"\"\"\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\"\"\"\nres.append(list(state))\ndef is_valid(state: list[TreeNode], choice: TreeNode) -&gt; bool:\n\"\"\"\u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\"\"\"\nreturn choice is not None and choice.val != 3\ndef make_choice(state: list[TreeNode], choice: TreeNode):\n\"\"\"\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\"\"\"\nstate.append(choice)\ndef undo_choice(state: list[TreeNode], choice: TreeNode):\n\"\"\"\u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001\"\"\"\nstate.pop()\ndef backtrack(\nstate: list[TreeNode], choices: list[TreeNode], res: list[list[TreeNode]]\n):\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\"\"\"\n# \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif is_solution(state):\n# \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecord_solution(state, res)\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices:\n# \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif is_valid(state, choice):\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmake_choice(state, choice)\n# \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, [choice.left, choice.right], res)\n# \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundo_choice(state, choice)\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nbool isSolution(vector&lt;TreeNode *&gt; &amp;state) {\nreturn !state.empty() &amp;&amp; state.back()-&gt;val == 7;\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nvoid recordSolution(vector&lt;TreeNode *&gt; &amp;state, vector&lt;vector&lt;TreeNode *&gt;&gt; &amp;res) {\nres.push_back(state);\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nbool isValid(vector&lt;TreeNode *&gt; &amp;state, TreeNode *choice) {\nreturn choice != nullptr &amp;&amp; choice-&gt;val != 3;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid makeChoice(vector&lt;TreeNode *&gt; &amp;state, TreeNode *choice) {\nstate.push_back(choice);\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid undoChoice(vector&lt;TreeNode *&gt; &amp;state, TreeNode *choice) {\nstate.pop_back();\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid backtrack(vector&lt;TreeNode *&gt; &amp;state, vector&lt;TreeNode *&gt; &amp;choices, vector&lt;vector&lt;TreeNode *&gt;&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (TreeNode *choice : choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nvector&lt;TreeNode *&gt; nextChoices{choice-&gt;left, choice-&gt;right};\nbacktrack(state, nextChoices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.java<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nboolean isSolution(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state) {\nreturn !state.isEmpty() &amp;&amp; state.get(state.size() - 1).val == 7;\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nvoid recordSolution(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, List&lt;List&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt; res) {\nres.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(state));\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nboolean isValid(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, TreeNode choice) {\nreturn choice != null &amp;&amp; choice.val != 3;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid makeChoice(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, TreeNode choice) {\nstate.add(choice);\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid undoChoice(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, TreeNode choice) {\nstate.remove(state.size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, List&lt;TreeNode&gt; choices, List&lt;List&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (TreeNode choice : choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, Arrays.asList(choice.left, choice.right), res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.cs<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nbool isSolution(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state) {\nreturn state.Count != 0 &amp;&amp; state[^1].val == 7;\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nvoid recordSolution(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, List&lt;List&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt; res) {\nres.Add(new List&lt;TreeNode&gt;(state));\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nbool isValid(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, TreeNode choice) {\nreturn choice != null &amp;&amp; choice.val != 3;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid makeChoice(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, TreeNode choice) {\nstate.Add(choice);\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid undoChoice(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, TreeNode choice) {\nstate.RemoveAt(state.Count - 1);\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, List&lt;TreeNode&gt; choices, List&lt;List&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nforeach (TreeNode choice in choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, new List&lt;TreeNode&gt; { choice.left, choice.right }, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.go<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nfunc isSolution(state *[]*TreeNode) bool {\nreturn len(*state) != 0 &amp;&amp; (*state)[len(*state)-1].Val == 7\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nfunc recordSolution(state *[]*TreeNode, res *[][]*TreeNode) {\n*res = append(*res, *state)\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nfunc isValid(state *[]*TreeNode, choice *TreeNode) bool {\nreturn choice != nil &amp;&amp; choice.Val != 3\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nfunc makeChoice(state *[]*TreeNode, choice *TreeNode) {\n*state = append(*state, choice)\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nfunc undoChoice(state *[]*TreeNode, choice *TreeNode) {\n*state = (*state)[:len(*state)-1]\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfunc backtrackIII(state *[]*TreeNode, choices *[]*TreeNode, res *[][]*TreeNode) {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif isSolution(state) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res)\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor _, choice := range *choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif isValid(state, choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice)\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\ntemp := make([]*TreeNode, 0)\ntemp = append(temp, choice.Left, choice.Right)\nbacktrackIII(state, &amp;temp, res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.swift<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nfunc isSolution(state: [TreeNode]) -&gt; Bool {\n!state.isEmpty &amp;&amp; state.last!.val == 7\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nfunc recordSolution(state: [TreeNode], res: inout [[TreeNode]]) {\nres.append(state)\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nfunc isValid(state: [TreeNode], choice: TreeNode?) -&gt; Bool {\nchoice != nil &amp;&amp; choice!.val != 3\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nfunc makeChoice(state: inout [TreeNode], choice: TreeNode) {\nstate.append(choice)\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nfunc undoChoice(state: inout [TreeNode], choice: TreeNode) {\nstate.removeLast()\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfunc backtrack(state: inout [TreeNode], choices: [TreeNode], res: inout [[TreeNode]]) {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif isSolution(state: state) {\nrecordSolution(state: state, res: &amp;res)\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif isValid(state: state, choice: choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state: &amp;state, choice: choice)\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, choices: [choice.left, choice.right].compactMap { $0 }, res: &amp;res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state: &amp;state, choice: choice)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.js<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nfunction isSolution(state) {\nreturn state &amp;&amp; state[state.length - 1]?.val === 7;\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nfunction recordSolution(state, res) {\nres.push([...state]);\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nfunction isValid(state, choice) {\nreturn choice !== null &amp;&amp; choice.val !== 3;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nfunction makeChoice(state, choice) {\nstate.push(choice);\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nfunction undoChoice(state) {\nstate.pop();\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfunction backtrack(state, choices, res) {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (const choice of choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, [choice.left, choice.right], res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.ts<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nfunction isSolution(state: TreeNode[]): boolean {\nreturn state &amp;&amp; state[state.length - 1]?.val === 7;\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nfunction recordSolution(state: TreeNode[], res: TreeNode[][]): void {\nres.push([...state]);\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nfunction isValid(state: TreeNode[], choice: TreeNode): boolean {\nreturn choice !== null &amp;&amp; choice.val !== 3;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nfunction makeChoice(state: TreeNode[], choice: TreeNode): void {\nstate.push(choice);\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nfunction undoChoice(state: TreeNode[]): void {\nstate.pop();\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfunction backtrack(\nstate: TreeNode[],\nchoices: TreeNode[],\nres: TreeNode[][]\n): void {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (const choice of choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, [choice.left, choice.right], res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.dart<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nbool isSolution(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state) {\nreturn state.isNotEmpty &amp;&amp; state.last.val == 7;\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nvoid recordSolution(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, List&lt;List&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt; res) {\nres.add(List.from(state));\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nbool isValid(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, TreeNode? choice) {\nreturn choice != null &amp;&amp; choice.val != 3;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid makeChoice(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, TreeNode? choice) {\nstate.add(choice!);\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid undoChoice(List&lt;TreeNode&gt; state, TreeNode? choice) {\nstate.removeLast();\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid backtrack(\nList&lt;TreeNode&gt; state,\nList&lt;TreeNode?&gt; choices,\nList&lt;List&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt; res,\n) {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (TreeNode? choice in choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, [choice!.left, choice.right], res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.rs<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nfn is_solution(state: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;) -&gt; bool {\nreturn !state.is_empty() &amp;&amp; state.get(state.len() - 1).unwrap().borrow().val == 7;\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nfn record_solution(state: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;) {\nres.push(state.clone());\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nfn is_valid(_: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, choice: Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;) -&gt; bool {\nreturn choice.borrow().val != 3;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nfn make_choice(state: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, choice: Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;) {\nstate.push(choice);\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nfn undo_choice(state: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, _: Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;) {\nstate.remove(state.len() - 1);\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nfn backtrack(state: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, choices: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;) {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif is_solution(state) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecord_solution(state, res);\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif is_valid(state, choice.clone()) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmake_choice(state, choice.clone());\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, &amp;mut vec![choice.borrow().left.clone().unwrap(), choice.borrow().right.clone().unwrap()], res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundo_choice(state, choice.clone());\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.c<pre><code>/* \u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 */\nbool isSolution(vector *state) {\nreturn state-&gt;size != 0 &amp;&amp; ((TreeNode *)(state-&gt;data[state-&gt;size - 1]))-&gt;val == 7;\n}\n/* \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3 */\nvoid recordSolution(vector *state, vector *res) {\nvector *newPath = newVector();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; state-&gt;size; i++) {\nvectorPushback(newPath, state-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n}\nvectorPushback(res, newPath, sizeof(vector));\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5 */\nbool isValid(vector *state, TreeNode *choice) {\nreturn choice != NULL &amp;&amp; choice-&gt;val != 3;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid makeChoice(vector *state, TreeNode *choice) {\nvectorPushback(state, choice, sizeof(TreeNode));\n}\n/* \u6062\u590d\u72b6\u6001 */\nvoid undoChoice(vector *state, TreeNode *choice) {\nvectorPopback(state);\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 */\nvoid backtrack(vector *state, vector *choices, vector *res) {\n// \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices-&gt;size; i++) {\nTreeNode *choice = choices-&gt;data[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nvector *nextChoices = newVector();\nvectorPushback(nextChoices, choice-&gt;left, sizeof(TreeNode));\nvectorPushback(nextChoices, choice-&gt;right, sizeof(TreeNode));\nbacktrack(state, nextChoices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6839\u636e\u9898\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u627e\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\u4e4b\u540e\u7684 <code>return</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5220\u9664\u3002\u56fe 13-4 \u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u4fdd\u7559\u6216\u5220\u9664 <code>return</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-4 \u00a0 \u4fdd\u7559\u4e0e\u5220\u9664 return \u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> <p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u867d\u7136\u663e\u5f97\u5570\u55e6\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u7528\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49 <code>state</code> \u548c <code>choices</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1314","title":"13.1.4 \u00a0 \u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u7167\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\u7ed9\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u793a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 13-1 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u672f\u8bed </p> \u540d\u8bcd \u5b9a\u4e49 \u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 \u89e3 Solution \u89e3\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8282\u70b9 \\(7\\) \u7684\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8def\u5f84 \u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6 Constraint \u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u9650\u5236\u89e3\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u526a\u679d \u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8282\u70b9 \\(3\\) \u72b6\u6001 State \u72b6\u6001\u8868\u793a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9009\u62e9 \u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5373 <code>path</code> \u8282\u70b9\u5217\u8868 \u5c1d\u8bd5 Attempt \u5c1d\u8bd5\u662f\u6839\u636e\u53ef\u7528\u9009\u62e9\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u89e3\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb <code>path</code> \uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u56de\u9000 Backtracking \u56de\u9000\u6307\u9047\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u64a4\u9500\u524d\u9762\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001 \u5f53\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u7ed3\u70b9\u3001\u7ed3\u675f\u7ed3\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u9047\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de \u526a\u679d Pruning \u526a\u679d\u662f\u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898\u7279\u6027\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387 \u5f53\u9047\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22 <p>Tip</p> <p>\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u89e3\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u901a\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1315","title":"13.1.5 \u00a0 \u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5408\u7406\u7684\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6216\u8005\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u96be\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6307\u6570\u9636\u6216\u9636\u4e58\u9636\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u7528\u4e8e\u526a\u679d\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u6df1\u5ea6\u5f88\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u9700\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u54ea\u4e9b\u9009\u62e9\u53ef\u751f\u6210\u6709\u6548\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u6548\u7387\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u641c\u7d22\u90a3\u4e9b\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u89e3\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u6216\u8005\u4f30\u8ba1\u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1316","title":"13.1.6 \u00a0 \u56de\u6eaf\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u9898","text":"<p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u8bb8\u591a\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u627e\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u6c42\u51fa\u5176\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u548c\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u548c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</li> <li>\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e09\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\u548c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5706\u76d8\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u5927\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5728\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7ea6\u675f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u627e\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u6240\u6709\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\\(n\\) \u7687\u540e\uff1a\u5728 \\(n \\times n\\) \u7684\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u653e\u7f6e \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7687\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u4e92\u4e0d\u653b\u51fb\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u72ec\uff1a\u5728 \\(9 \\times 9\\) \u7684\u7f51\u683c\u4e2d\u586b\u5165\u6570\u5b57 \\(1\\) ~ \\(9\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u884c\u3001\u6bcf\u5217\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a \\(3 \\times 3\\) \u5b50\u7f51\u683c\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u7740\u8272\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u7528\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u989c\u8272\u7ed9\u56fe\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u7740\u8272\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u76f8\u90bb\u9876\u70b9\u989c\u8272\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5408\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u67d0\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p> <ul> <li>0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7269\u54c1\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u80cc\u5305\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u5185\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u7269\u54c1\u4f7f\u5f97\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u5927\u3002</li> <li>\u65c5\u884c\u5546\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u70b9\u6070\u597d\u4e00\u6b21\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u6c42\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u5927\u56e2\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u5b50\u56fe\uff0c\u5373\u5b50\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u90fd\u6709\u8fb9\u76f8\u8fde\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <ul> <li>0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u65c5\u884c\u5546\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684 NP-Hard \u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u89e3\u6cd5\u6709\u9057\u4f20\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u8681\u7fa4\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u5927\u56e2\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u56fe\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b49\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/","title":"13.4 \u00a0 N \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7687\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u653b\u51fb\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u6216\u540c\u4e00\u5217\u6216\u540c\u4e00\u659c\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a \\(n \\times n\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u4f7f\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u7687\u540e\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e92\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u6446\u653e\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53 \\(n = 4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5171\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u89e3\u3002\u4ece\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\\(n \\times n\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\u5171\u6709 \\(n^2\\) \u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9009\u62e9 <code>choices</code> \u3002\u5728\u9010\u4e2a\u653e\u7f6e\u7687\u540e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u68cb\u76d8\u72b6\u6001\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\u5c31\u662f\u72b6\u6001 <code>state</code> \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-15 \u00a0 4 \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 </p> <p>\u56fe 13-16 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u672c\u9898\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u5217\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5206\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf <code>\\</code> \u548c\u6b21\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf <code>/</code> \u4e24\u79cd\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-16 \u00a0 n \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565","text":"<p>\u7687\u540e\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u68cb\u76d8\u7684\u884c\u6570\u90fd\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u8bba\uff1a\u68cb\u76d8\u6bcf\u884c\u90fd\u5141\u8bb8\u4e14\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u3002</p> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-17 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e3a \\(4\\) \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u53d7\u753b\u5e45\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u56fe 13-17 \u4ec5\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-17 \u00a0 \u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565 </p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u526a\u679d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5217\u4e0e\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u578b\u6570\u7ec4 <code>cols</code> \u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u51b3\u5b9a\u653e\u7f6e\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7 <code>cols</code> \u5c06\u5df2\u6709\u7687\u540e\u7684\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u56de\u6eaf\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0 <code>cols</code> \u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u5462\uff1f\u8bbe\u68cb\u76d8\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u7684\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\((row, col)\\) \uff0c\u9009\u5b9a\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u6761\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u8be5\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5b50\u7684\u884c\u7d22\u5f15\u51cf\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u90fd\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5b50\u7684 \\(row - col\\) \u4e3a\u6052\u5b9a\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u6ee1\u8db3 \\(row_1 - col_1 = row_2 - col_2\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4eec\u4e00\u5b9a\u5904\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u3002\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u56fe 13-18 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>diag1</code> \uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u6761\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\u3002</p> <p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u6b21\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5b50\u7684 \\(row + col\\) \u662f\u6052\u5b9a\u503c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4 <code>diag2</code> \u6765\u5904\u7406\u6b21\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-18 \u00a0 \u5904\u7406\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\\(n\\) \u7ef4\u65b9\u9635\u4e2d \\(row - col\\) \u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f \\([-n + 1, n - 1]\\) \uff0c\\(row + col\\) \u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f \\([0, 2n - 2]\\) \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u6b21\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u90fd\u4e3a \\(2n - 1\\) \uff0c\u5373\u6570\u7ec4 <code>diag1</code> \u548c <code>diag2</code> \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(2n - 1\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig n_queens.py<pre><code>def backtrack(\nrow: int,\nn: int,\nstate: list[list[str]],\nres: list[list[list[str]]],\ncols: list[bool],\ndiags1: list[bool],\ndiags2: list[bool],\n):\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e\"\"\"\n# \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif row == n:\nres.append([list(row) for row in state])\nreturn\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor col in range(n):\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\ndiag1 = row - col + n - 1\ndiag2 = row + col\n# \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif not cols[col] and not diags1[diag1] and not diags2[diag2]:\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\nstate[row][col] = \"Q\"\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = True\n# \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2)\n# \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate[row][col] = \"#\"\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = False\ndef n_queens(n: int) -&gt; list[list[list[str]]]:\n\"\"\"\u6c42\u89e3 N \u7687\u540e\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate = [[\"#\" for _ in range(n)] for _ in range(n)]\ncols = [False] * n  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\ndiags1 = [False] * (2 * n - 1)  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\ndiags2 = [False] * (2 * n - 1)  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nres = []\nbacktrack(0, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2)\nreturn res\n</code></pre> n_queens.cpp<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nvoid backtrack(int row, int n, vector&lt;vector&lt;string&gt;&gt; &amp;state, vector&lt;vector&lt;vector&lt;string&gt;&gt;&gt; &amp;res, vector&lt;bool&gt; &amp;cols,\nvector&lt;bool&gt; &amp;diags1, vector&lt;bool&gt; &amp;diags2) {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (row == n) {\nres.push_back(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor (int col = 0; col &lt; n; col++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\nint diag1 = row - col + n - 1;\nint diag2 = row + col;\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif (!cols[col] &amp;&amp; !diags1[diag1] &amp;&amp; !diags2[diag2]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\nstate[row][col] = \"Q\";\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = true;\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate[row][col] = \"#\";\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = false;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3 N \u7687\u540e */\nvector&lt;vector&lt;vector&lt;string&gt;&gt;&gt; nQueens(int n) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nvector&lt;vector&lt;string&gt;&gt; state(n, vector&lt;string&gt;(n, \"#\"));\nvector&lt;bool&gt; cols(n, false);           // \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nvector&lt;bool&gt; diags1(2 * n - 1, false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nvector&lt;bool&gt; diags2(2 * n - 1, false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nvector&lt;vector&lt;vector&lt;string&gt;&gt;&gt; res;\nbacktrack(0, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> n_queens.java<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nvoid backtrack(int row, int n, List&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt; state, List&lt;List&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt;&gt; res,\nboolean[] cols, boolean[] diags1, boolean[] diags2) {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (row == n) {\nList&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt; copyState = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (List&lt;String&gt; sRow : state) {\ncopyState.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(sRow));\n}\nres.add(copyState);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor (int col = 0; col &lt; n; col++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\nint diag1 = row - col + n - 1;\nint diag2 = row + col;\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif (!cols[col] &amp;&amp; !diags1[diag1] &amp;&amp; !diags2[diag2]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\nstate.get(row).set(col, \"Q\");\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = true;\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate.get(row).set(col, \"#\");\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = false;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3 N \u7687\u540e */\nList&lt;List&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt;&gt; nQueens(int n) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nList&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt; state = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nList&lt;String&gt; row = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\nrow.add(\"#\");\n}\nstate.add(row);\n}\nboolean[] cols = new boolean[n]; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nboolean[] diags1 = new boolean[2 * n - 1]; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nboolean[] diags2 = new boolean[2 * n - 1]; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nList&lt;List&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt;&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nbacktrack(0, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> n_queens.cs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nvoid backtrack(int row, int n, List&lt;List&lt;string&gt;&gt; state, List&lt;List&lt;List&lt;string&gt;&gt;&gt; res,\nbool[] cols, bool[] diags1, bool[] diags2) {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (row == n) {\nList&lt;List&lt;string&gt;&gt; copyState = new List&lt;List&lt;string&gt;&gt;();\nforeach (List&lt;string&gt; sRow in state) {\ncopyState.Add(new List&lt;string&gt;(sRow));\n}\nres.Add(copyState);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor (int col = 0; col &lt; n; col++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\nint diag1 = row - col + n - 1;\nint diag2 = row + col;\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif (!cols[col] &amp;&amp; !diags1[diag1] &amp;&amp; !diags2[diag2]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\nstate[row][col] = \"Q\";\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = true;\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate[row][col] = \"#\";\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = false;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3 N \u7687\u540e */\nList&lt;List&lt;List&lt;string&gt;&gt;&gt; nQueens(int n) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nList&lt;List&lt;string&gt;&gt; state = new List&lt;List&lt;string&gt;&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nList&lt;string&gt; row = new List&lt;string&gt;();\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\nrow.Add(\"#\");\n}\nstate.Add(row);\n}\nbool[] cols = new bool[n]; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nbool[] diags1 = new bool[2 * n - 1]; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nbool[] diags2 = new bool[2 * n - 1]; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nList&lt;List&lt;List&lt;string&gt;&gt;&gt; res = new List&lt;List&lt;List&lt;string&gt;&gt;&gt;();\nbacktrack(0, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> n_queens.go<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nfunc backtrack(row, n int, state *[][]string, res *[][][]string, cols, diags1, diags2 *[]bool) {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif row == n {\nnewState := make([][]string, len(*state))\nfor i, _ := range newState {\nnewState[i] = make([]string, len((*state)[0]))\ncopy(newState[i], (*state)[i])\n}\n*res = append(*res, newState)\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor col := 0; col &lt; n; col++ {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\ndiag1 := row - col + n - 1\ndiag2 := row + col\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif !(*cols)[col] &amp;&amp; !(*diags1)[diag1] &amp;&amp; !(*diags2)[diag2] {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\n(*state)[row][col] = \"Q\"\n(*cols)[col], (*diags1)[diag1], (*diags2)[diag2] = true, true, true\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row+1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\n(*state)[row][col] = \"#\"\n(*cols)[col], (*diags1)[diag1], (*diags2)[diag2] = false, false, false\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nfunc backtrack(row, n int, state *[][]string, res *[][][]string, cols, diags1, diags2 *[]bool) {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif row == n {\nnewState := make([][]string, len(*state))\nfor i, _ := range newState {\nnewState[i] = make([]string, len((*state)[0]))\ncopy(newState[i], (*state)[i])\n}\n*res = append(*res, newState)\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor col := 0; col &lt; n; col++ {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\ndiag1 := row - col + n - 1\ndiag2 := row + col\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif !(*cols)[col] &amp;&amp; !(*diags1)[diag1] &amp;&amp; !(*diags2)[diag2] {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\n(*state)[row][col] = \"Q\"\n(*cols)[col], (*diags1)[diag1], (*diags2)[diag2] = true, true, true\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row+1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\n(*state)[row][col] = \"#\"\n(*cols)[col], (*diags1)[diag1], (*diags2)[diag2] = false, false, false\n}\n}\n}\nfunc nQueens(n int) [][][]string {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate := make([][]string, n)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nrow := make([]string, n)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nrow[i] = \"#\"\n}\nstate[i] = row\n}\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\ncols := make([]bool, n)\ndiags1 := make([]bool, 2*n-1)\ndiags2 := make([]bool, 2*n-1)\nres := make([][][]string, 0)\nbacktrack(0, n, &amp;state, &amp;res, &amp;cols, &amp;diags1, &amp;diags2)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> n_queens.swift<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nfunc backtrack(row: Int, n: Int, state: inout [[String]], res: inout [[[String]]], cols: inout [Bool], diags1: inout [Bool], diags2: inout [Bool]) {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif row == n {\nres.append(state)\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor col in 0 ..&lt; n {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\nlet diag1 = row - col + n - 1\nlet diag2 = row + col\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif !cols[col] &amp;&amp; !diags1[diag1] &amp;&amp; !diags2[diag2] {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\nstate[row][col] = \"Q\"\ncols[col] = true\ndiags1[diag1] = true\ndiags2[diag2] = true\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row: row + 1, n: n, state: &amp;state, res: &amp;res, cols: &amp;cols, diags1: &amp;diags1, diags2: &amp;diags2)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate[row][col] = \"#\"\ncols[col] = false\ndiags1[diag1] = false\ndiags2[diag2] = false\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3 N \u7687\u540e */\nfunc nQueens(n: Int) -&gt; [[[String]]] {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nvar state = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: \"#\", count: n), count: n)\nvar cols = Array(repeating: false, count: n) // \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nvar diags1 = Array(repeating: false, count: 2 * n - 1) // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nvar diags2 = Array(repeating: false, count: 2 * n - 1) // \u8bb0\u5f55\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nvar res: [[[String]]] = []\nbacktrack(row: 0, n: n, state: &amp;state, res: &amp;res, cols: &amp;cols, diags1: &amp;diags1, diags2: &amp;diags2)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> n_queens.js<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nfunction backtrack(row, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2) {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (row === n) {\nres.push(state.map((row) =&gt; row.slice()));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor (let col = 0; col &lt; n; col++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\nconst diag1 = row - col + n - 1;\nconst diag2 = row + col;\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif (!cols[col] &amp;&amp; !diags1[diag1] &amp;&amp; !diags2[diag2]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\nstate[row][col] = 'Q';\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = true;\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate[row][col] = '#';\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = false;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3 N \u7687\u540e */\nfunction nQueens(n) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nconst state = Array.from({ length: n }, () =&gt; Array(n).fill('#'));\nconst cols = Array(n).fill(false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nconst diags1 = Array(2 * n - 1).fill(false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nconst diags2 = Array(2 * n - 1).fill(false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nconst res = [];\nbacktrack(0, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> n_queens.ts<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nfunction backtrack(\nrow: number,\nn: number,\nstate: string[][],\nres: string[][][],\ncols: boolean[],\ndiags1: boolean[],\ndiags2: boolean[]\n): void {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (row === n) {\nres.push(state.map((row) =&gt; row.slice()));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor (let col = 0; col &lt; n; col++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\nconst diag1 = row - col + n - 1;\nconst diag2 = row + col;\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif (!cols[col] &amp;&amp; !diags1[diag1] &amp;&amp; !diags2[diag2]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\nstate[row][col] = 'Q';\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = true;\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate[row][col] = '#';\ncols[col] = diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2] = false;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3 N \u7687\u540e */\nfunction nQueens(n: number): string[][][] {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nconst state = Array.from({ length: n }, () =&gt; Array(n).fill('#'));\nconst cols = Array(n).fill(false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nconst diags1 = Array(2 * n - 1).fill(false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nconst diags2 = Array(2 * n - 1).fill(false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nconst res: string[][][] = [];\nbacktrack(0, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> n_queens.dart<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nvoid backtrack(\nint row,\nint n,\nList&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt; state,\nList&lt;List&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt;&gt; res,\nList&lt;bool&gt; cols,\nList&lt;bool&gt; diags1,\nList&lt;bool&gt; diags2,\n) {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (row == n) {\nList&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt; copyState = [];\nfor (List&lt;String&gt; sRow in state) {\ncopyState.add(List.from(sRow));\n}\nres.add(copyState);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor (int col = 0; col &lt; n; col++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\nint diag1 = row - col + n - 1;\nint diag2 = row + col;\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif (!cols[col] &amp;&amp; !diags1[diag1] &amp;&amp; !diags2[diag2]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\nstate[row][col] = \"Q\";\ncols[col] = true;\ndiags1[diag1] = true;\ndiags2[diag2] = true;\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate[row][col] = \"#\";\ncols[col] = false;\ndiags1[diag1] = false;\ndiags2[diag2] = false;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3 N \u7687\u540e */\nList&lt;List&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt;&gt; nQueens(int n) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nList&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt; state = List.generate(n, (index) =&gt; List.filled(n, \"#\"));\nList&lt;bool&gt; cols = List.filled(n, false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nList&lt;bool&gt; diags1 = List.filled(2 * n - 1, false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nList&lt;bool&gt; diags2 = List.filled(2 * n - 1, false); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nList&lt;List&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt;&gt; res = [];\nbacktrack(0, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> n_queens.rs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aN \u7687\u540e */\nfn backtrack(row: usize, n: usize, state: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;String&gt;&gt;, res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;Vec&lt;String&gt;&gt;&gt;,\ncols: &amp;mut [bool], diags1: &amp;mut [bool], diags2: &amp;mut [bool]) {\n// \u5f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif row == n {\nlet mut copy_state: Vec&lt;Vec&lt;String&gt;&gt; = Vec::new();\nfor s_row in state.clone() {\ncopy_state.push(s_row);\n}\nres.push(copy_state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217\nfor col in 0..n {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\nlet diag1 = row + n - 1 - col;\nlet diag2 = row + col;\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6240\u5728\u5217\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\nif !cols[col] &amp;&amp; !diags1[diag1] &amp;&amp; !diags2[diag2] {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u5c06\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\nstate.get_mut(row).unwrap()[col] = \"Q\".into();\n(cols[col], diags1[diag1], diags2[diag2]) = (true, true, true);\n// \u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\nbacktrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u5c06\u8be5\u683c\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nstate.get_mut(row).unwrap()[col] = \"#\".into();\n(cols[col], diags1[diag1], diags2[diag2]) = (false, false, false);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3 N \u7687\u540e */\nfn n_queens(n: usize) -&gt; Vec&lt;Vec&lt;Vec&lt;String&gt;&gt;&gt; {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 n*n \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 'Q' \u4ee3\u8868\u7687\u540e\uff0c'#' \u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nlet mut state: Vec&lt;Vec&lt;String&gt;&gt; = Vec::new();\nfor _ in 0..n {\nlet mut row: Vec&lt;String&gt; = Vec::new();\nfor _ in 0..n {\nrow.push(\"#\".into());\n}\nstate.push(row);\n}\nlet mut cols = vec![false; n]; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nlet mut diags1 = vec![false; 2 * n - 1]; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nlet mut diags2 = vec![false; 2 * n - 1]; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\nlet mut res: Vec&lt;Vec&lt;Vec&lt;String&gt;&gt;&gt; = Vec::new();\nbacktrack(0, n, &amp;mut state, &amp;mut res, &amp;mut cols, &amp;mut diags1, &amp;mut diags2);\nres\n}\n</code></pre> n_queens.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> <p>\u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e \\(n\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u5206\u522b\u6709 \\(n\\)\u3001\\(n-1\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n!)\\) \u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u526a\u679d\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u5927\u5e45\u5730\u7f29\u5c0f\u641c\u7d22\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u5f80\u5f80\u4f18\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>\u6570\u7ec4 <code>state</code> \u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4 <code>cols</code>\u3001<code>diags1</code> \u548c <code>diags2</code> \u7686\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6700\u5927\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/","title":"13.2 \u00a0 \u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u8868 13-2 \u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 13-2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 \u6240\u6709\u6392\u5217 \\([1]\\) \\([1]\\) \\([1, 2]\\) \\([1, 2], [2, 1]\\) \\([1, 2, 3]\\) \\([1, 2, 3], [1, 3, 2], [2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1], [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]\\)"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#1321","title":"13.2.1 \u00a0 \u65e0\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u751f\u6210\u6392\u5217\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a \\([1, 2, 3]\\) \uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u9009\u62e9 \\(1\\)\u3001\u518d\u9009\u62e9 \\(3\\)\u3001\u6700\u540e\u9009\u62e9 \\(2\\) \uff0c\u5219\u83b7\u5f97\u6392\u5217 \\([1, 3, 2]\\) \u3002\u56de\u9000\u8868\u793a\u64a4\u9500\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u56de\u6eaf\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5019\u9009\u96c6\u5408 <code>choices</code> \u662f\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u72b6\u6001 <code>state</code> \u662f\u76f4\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 <code>state</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c55\u5f00\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001 <code>state</code> \u3002\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u540e\u5230\u8fbe\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-5 \u00a0 \u5168\u6392\u5217\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u578b\u6570\u7ec4 <code>selected</code> \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>selected[i]</code> \u8868\u793a <code>choices[i]</code> \u662f\u5426\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9 <code>choice[i]</code> \u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5c06 <code>selected[i]</code> \u8d4b\u503c\u4e3a \\(\\text{True}\\) \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u3002</li> <li>\u904d\u5386\u9009\u62e9\u5217\u8868 <code>choices</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u526a\u679d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 1 \uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 3 \uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 2 \uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u526a\u6389\u5143\u7d20 1 \u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u8f6e\u526a\u6389\u5143\u7d20 1 \u548c\u5143\u7d20 3 \u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-6 \u00a0 \u5168\u6392\u5217\u526a\u679d\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 13-6 \u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8be5\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u4ece \\(O(n^n)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(n!)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u60f3\u6e05\u695a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u505a\u201c\u5b8c\u5f62\u586b\u7a7a\u201d\u4e86\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f29\u77ed\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5355\u72ec\u5b9e\u73b0\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c55\u5f00\u5728 <code>backtrack()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig permutations_i.py<pre><code>def backtrack(\nstate: list[int], choices: list[int], selected: list[bool], res: list[list[int]]\n):\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I\"\"\"\n# \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif len(state) == len(choices):\nres.append(list(state))\nreturn\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor i, choice in enumerate(choices):\n# \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20\nif not selected[i]:\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = True\nstate.append(choice)\n# \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res)\n# \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = False\nstate.pop()\ndef permutations_i(nums: list[int]) -&gt; list[list[int]]:\n\"\"\"\u5168\u6392\u5217 I\"\"\"\nres = []\nbacktrack(state=[], choices=nums, selected=[False] * len(nums), res=res)\nreturn res\n</code></pre> permutations_i.cpp<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nvoid backtrack(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;state, const vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;choices, vector&lt;bool&gt; &amp;selected, vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.size() == choices.size()) {\nres.push_back(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.size(); i++) {\nint choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.push_back(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.pop_back();\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; permutationsI(vector&lt;int&gt; nums) {\nvector&lt;int&gt; state;\nvector&lt;bool&gt; selected(nums.size(), false);\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; res;\nbacktrack(state, nums, selected, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.java<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;Integer&gt; state, int[] choices, boolean[] selected, List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.size() == choices.length) {\nres.add(new ArrayList&lt;Integer&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\nint choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.add(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.remove(state.size() - 1);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; permutationsI(int[] nums) {\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt;();\nbacktrack(new ArrayList&lt;Integer&gt;(), nums, new boolean[nums.length], res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.cs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;int&gt; state, int[] choices, bool[] selected, List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.Count == choices.Length) {\nres.Add(new List&lt;int&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.Length; i++) {\nint choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.Add(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.RemoveAt(state.Count - 1);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; permutationsI(int[] nums) {\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = new List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt;();\nbacktrack(new List&lt;int&gt;(), nums, new bool[nums.Length], res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.go<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfunc backtrackI(state *[]int, choices *[]int, selected *[]bool, res *[][]int) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif len(*state) == len(*choices) {\nnewState := append([]int{}, *state...)\n*res = append(*res, newState)\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(*choices); i++ {\nchoice := (*choices)[i]\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif !(*selected)[i] {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\n(*selected)[i] = true\n*state = append(*state, choice)\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrackI(state, choices, selected, res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\n(*selected)[i] = false\n*state = (*state)[:len(*state)-1]\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfunc permutationsI(nums []int) [][]int {\nres := make([][]int, 0)\nstate := make([]int, 0)\nselected := make([]bool, len(nums))\nbacktrackI(&amp;state, &amp;nums, &amp;selected, &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.swift<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfunc backtrack(state: inout [Int], choices: [Int], selected: inout [Bool], res: inout [[Int]]) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif state.count == choices.count {\nres.append(state)\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (i, choice) in choices.enumerated() {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif !selected[i] {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = true\nstate.append(choice)\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, choices: choices, selected: &amp;selected, res: &amp;res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false\nstate.removeLast()\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfunc permutationsI(nums: [Int]) -&gt; [[Int]] {\nvar state: [Int] = []\nvar selected = Array(repeating: false, count: nums.count)\nvar res: [[Int]] = []\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, choices: nums, selected: &amp;selected, res: &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.js<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfunction backtrack(state, choices, selected, res) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.length === choices.length) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nchoices.forEach((choice, i) =&gt; {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.push(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.pop();\n}\n});\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfunction permutationsI(nums) {\nconst res = [];\nbacktrack([], nums, Array(nums.length).fill(false), res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.ts<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfunction backtrack(\nstate: number[],\nchoices: number[],\nselected: boolean[],\nres: number[][]\n): void {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.length === choices.length) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nchoices.forEach((choice, i) =&gt; {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.push(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.pop();\n}\n});\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfunction permutationsI(nums: number[]): number[][] {\nconst res: number[][] = [];\nbacktrack([], nums, Array(nums.length).fill(false), res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.dart<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nvoid backtrack(\nList&lt;int&gt; state,\nList&lt;int&gt; choices,\nList&lt;bool&gt; selected,\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res,\n) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.length == choices.length) {\nres.add(List.from(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\nint choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i]) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.add(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.removeLast();\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; permutationsI(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = [];\nbacktrack([], nums, List.filled(nums.length, false), res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.rs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfn backtrack(mut state: Vec&lt;i32&gt;, choices: &amp;[i32], selected: &amp;mut [bool], res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif state.len() == choices.len() {\nres.push(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor i in 0..choices.len() {\nlet choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif !selected[i] {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.push(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state.clone(), choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.remove(state.len() - 1);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nfn permutations_i(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) -&gt; Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt; {\nlet mut res = Vec::new(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nbacktrack(Vec::new(), nums, &amp;mut vec![false; nums.len()], &amp;mut res);\nres\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.c<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nvoid backtrack(vector *state, vector *choices, vector *selected, vector *res) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state-&gt;size == choices-&gt;size) {\nvector *newState = newVector();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; state-&gt;size; i++) {\nvectorPushback(newState, state-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n}\nvectorPushback(res, newState, sizeof(vector));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices-&gt;size; i++) {\nint *choice = malloc(sizeof(int));\n*choice = *((int *)(choices-&gt;data[i]));\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nbool select = *((bool *)(selected-&gt;data[i]));\nif (!select) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\n*((bool *)selected-&gt;data[i]) = true;\nvectorPushback(state, choice, sizeof(int));\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\n*((bool *)selected-&gt;data[i]) = false;\nvectorPopback(state);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 I */\nvector *permutationsI(vector *nums) {\nvector *iState = newVector();\nint select[3] = {false, false, false};\nvector *bSelected = newVector();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums-&gt;size; i++) {\nvectorPushback(bSelected, &amp;select[i], sizeof(int));\n}\nvector *res = newVector();\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nbacktrack(iState, nums, bSelected, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#1322","title":"13.2.2 \u00a0 \u8003\u8651\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a \\([1, 1, 2]\\) \u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u533a\u5206\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20 \\(1\\) \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a \\(1\\) \u8bb0\u4e3a \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6392\u5217\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-7 \u00a0 \u91cd\u590d\u6392\u5217 </p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u6392\u5217\u5462\uff1f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u6392\u5217\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e0d\u591f\u4f18\u96c5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u6392\u5217\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u88ab\u63d0\u524d\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 13-8 \uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 \\(1\\) \u6216\u9009\u62e9 \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u4e4b\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5217\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u8be5\u628a \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u526a\u679d\u6389\u3002</p> <p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(2\\) \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\u7684 \\(1\\) \u548c \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u5e94\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u7684 \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u526a\u679d\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4ec5\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-8 \u00a0 \u91cd\u590d\u6392\u5217\u526a\u679d </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u9898\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>duplicated</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u8be5\u8f6e\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig permutations_ii.py<pre><code>def backtrack(\nstate: list[int], choices: list[int], selected: list[bool], res: list[list[int]]\n):\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II\"\"\"\n# \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif len(state) == len(choices):\nres.append(list(state))\nreturn\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nduplicated = set[int]()\nfor i, choice in enumerate(choices):\n# \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif not selected[i] and choice not in duplicated:\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nduplicated.add(choice)  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nselected[i] = True\nstate.append(choice)\n# \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res)\n# \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = False\nstate.pop()\ndef permutations_ii(nums: list[int]) -&gt; list[list[int]]:\n\"\"\"\u5168\u6392\u5217 II\"\"\"\nres = []\nbacktrack(state=[], choices=nums, selected=[False] * len(nums), res=res)\nreturn res\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.cpp<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nvoid backtrack(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;state, const vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;choices, vector&lt;bool&gt; &amp;selected, vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.size() == choices.size()) {\nres.push_back(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nunordered_set&lt;int&gt; duplicated;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.size(); i++) {\nint choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i] &amp;&amp; duplicated.find(choice) == duplicated.end()) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nduplicated.emplace(choice); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.push_back(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.pop_back();\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; permutationsII(vector&lt;int&gt; nums) {\nvector&lt;int&gt; state;\nvector&lt;bool&gt; selected(nums.size(), false);\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; res;\nbacktrack(state, nums, selected, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.java<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;Integer&gt; state, int[] choices, boolean[] selected, List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.size() == choices.length) {\nres.add(new ArrayList&lt;Integer&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nSet&lt;Integer&gt; duplicated = new HashSet&lt;Integer&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\nint choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i] &amp;&amp; !duplicated.contains(choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nduplicated.add(choice); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.add(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.remove(state.size() - 1);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; permutationsII(int[] nums) {\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt;();\nbacktrack(new ArrayList&lt;Integer&gt;(), nums, new boolean[nums.length], res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.cs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;int&gt; state, int[] choices, bool[] selected, List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.Count == choices.Length) {\nres.Add(new List&lt;int&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nISet&lt;int&gt; duplicated = new HashSet&lt;int&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.Length; i++) {\nint choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i] &amp;&amp; !duplicated.Contains(choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nduplicated.Add(choice); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.Add(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.RemoveAt(state.Count - 1);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; permutationsII(int[] nums) {\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = new List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt;();\nbacktrack(new List&lt;int&gt;(), nums, new bool[nums.Length], res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.go<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfunc backtrackII(state *[]int, choices *[]int, selected *[]bool, res *[][]int) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif len(*state) == len(*choices) {\nnewState := append([]int{}, *state...)\n*res = append(*res, newState)\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nduplicated := make(map[int]struct{}, 0)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(*choices); i++ {\nchoice := (*choices)[i]\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif _, ok := duplicated[choice]; !ok &amp;&amp; !(*selected)[i] {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nduplicated[choice] = struct{}{}\n(*selected)[i] = true\n*state = append(*state, choice)\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrackI(state, choices, selected, res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\n(*selected)[i] = false\n*state = (*state)[:len(*state)-1]\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfunc permutationsII(nums []int) [][]int {\nres := make([][]int, 0)\nstate := make([]int, 0)\nselected := make([]bool, len(nums))\nbacktrackII(&amp;state, &amp;nums, &amp;selected, &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.swift<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfunc backtrack(state: inout [Int], choices: [Int], selected: inout [Bool], res: inout [[Int]]) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif state.count == choices.count {\nres.append(state)\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nvar duplicated: Set&lt;Int&gt; = []\nfor (i, choice) in choices.enumerated() {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif !selected[i], !duplicated.contains(choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nduplicated.insert(choice) // \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nselected[i] = true\nstate.append(choice)\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, choices: choices, selected: &amp;selected, res: &amp;res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false\nstate.removeLast()\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfunc permutationsII(nums: [Int]) -&gt; [[Int]] {\nvar state: [Int] = []\nvar selected = Array(repeating: false, count: nums.count)\nvar res: [[Int]] = []\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, choices: nums, selected: &amp;selected, res: &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.js<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfunction backtrack(state, choices, selected, res) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.length === choices.length) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nconst duplicated = new Set();\nchoices.forEach((choice, i) =&gt; {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i] &amp;&amp; !duplicated.has(choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nduplicated.add(choice); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.push(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.pop();\n}\n});\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfunction permutationsII(nums) {\nconst res = [];\nbacktrack([], nums, Array(nums.length).fill(false), res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.ts<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfunction backtrack(\nstate: number[],\nchoices: number[],\nselected: boolean[],\nres: number[][]\n): void {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.length === choices.length) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nconst duplicated = new Set();\nchoices.forEach((choice, i) =&gt; {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i] &amp;&amp; !duplicated.has(choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nduplicated.add(choice); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.push(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.pop();\n}\n});\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfunction permutationsII(nums: number[]): number[][] {\nconst res: number[][] = [];\nbacktrack([], nums, Array(nums.length).fill(false), res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.dart<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nvoid backtrack(\nList&lt;int&gt; state,\nList&lt;int&gt; choices,\nList&lt;bool&gt; selected,\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res,\n) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (state.length == choices.length) {\nres.add(List.from(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nSet&lt;int&gt; duplicated = {};\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\nint choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif (!selected[i] &amp;&amp; !duplicated.contains(choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nduplicated.add(choice); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.add(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.removeLast();\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; permutationsII(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = [];\nbacktrack([], nums, List.filled(nums.length, false), res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.rs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfn backtrack(mut state: Vec&lt;i32&gt;, choices: &amp;[i32], selected: &amp;mut [bool], res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;) {\n// \u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif state.len() == choices.len() {\nres.push(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nlet mut duplicated = HashSet::&lt;i32&gt;::new();\nfor i in 0..choices.len() {\nlet choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20 \u4e14 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\nif !selected[i] &amp;&amp; !duplicated.contains(&amp;choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nduplicated.insert(choice); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\nselected[i] = true;\nstate.push(choice);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state.clone(), choices, selected, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nselected[i] = false;\nstate.remove(state.len() - 1);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5168\u6392\u5217 II */\nfn permutations_ii(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) -&gt; Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt; {\nlet mut res = Vec::new();\nbacktrack(Vec::new(), nums, &amp;mut vec![false; nums.len()], &amp;mut res);\nres\n}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u5143\u7d20\u4e24\u4e24\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5219 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5171\u6709 \\(n!\\)  \u79cd\u6392\u5217\uff08\u9636\u4e58\uff09\uff1b\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u590d\u5236\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n!n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6700\u5927\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<code>selected</code> \u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6700\u591a\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u4e2a <code>duplicated</code> \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u4e24\u79cd\u526a\u679d\u5bf9\u6bd4","text":"<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136 <code>selected</code> \u548c <code>duplicated</code> \u90fd\u7528\u4f5c\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u6574\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <code>selected</code> \u3002\u5b83\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u54ea\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u907f\u514d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5728 <code>state</code> \u4e2d\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u6bcf\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u542f\u7684 <code>backtrack</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff09\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a <code>duplicated</code> \u3002\u5b83\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u5728\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 13-9 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u526a\u679d\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u751f\u6548\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-9 \u00a0 \u4e24\u79cd\u526a\u679d\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u8303\u56f4 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/","title":"13.3 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898","text":""},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#1331","title":"13.3.1 \u00a0 \u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u6b63\u6574\u6570 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ec4\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u9009\u53d6\u591a\u6b21\u3002\u8bf7\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u7ec4\u5408\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u96c6\u5408 \\(\\{3, 4, 5\\}\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6574\u6570 \\(9\\) \uff0c\u89e3\u4e3a \\(\\{3, 3, 3\\}, \\{4, 5\\}\\) \u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u65e0\u9650\u6b21\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u96c6\u662f\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 \\(\\{4, 5\\}\\) \u548c \\(\\{5, 4\\}\\) \u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u53c2\u8003\u5168\u6392\u5217\u89e3\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b50\u96c6\u7684\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u201c\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u201d\uff0c\u5f53\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5c06\u5b50\u96c6\u8bb0\u5f55\u81f3\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u800c\u4e0e\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u65e0\u9650\u6b21\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u987b\u501f\u52a9 <code>selected</code> \u5e03\u5c14\u5217\u8868\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5168\u6392\u5217\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u5c0f\u5e45\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u521d\u6b65\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u9898\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig subset_sum_i_naive.py<pre><code>def backtrack(\nstate: list[int],\ntarget: int,\ntotal: int,\nchoices: list[int],\nres: list[list[int]],\n):\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\"\"\"\n# \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif total == target:\nres.append(list(state))\nreturn\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor i in range(len(choices)):\n# \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif total + choices[i] &gt; target:\ncontinue\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nstate.append(choices[i])\n# \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res)\n# \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop()\ndef subset_sum_i_naive(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; list[list[int]]:\n\"\"\"\u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\"\"\"\nstate = []  # \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\ntotal = 0  # \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nres = []  # \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, total, nums, res)\nreturn res\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.cpp<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;state, int target, int total, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;choices, vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (total == target) {\nres.push_back(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (size_t i = 0; i &lt; choices.size(); i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif (total + choices[i] &gt; target) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nstate.push_back(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop_back();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; subsetSumINaive(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\nvector&lt;int&gt; state;       // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nint total = 0;           // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; res; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, total, nums, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.java<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;Integer&gt; state, int target, int total, int[] choices, List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (total == target) {\nres.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif (total + choices[i] &gt; target) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nstate.add(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.remove(state.size() - 1);\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; subsetSumINaive(int[] nums, int target) {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; state = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nint total = 0; // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(); // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, total, nums, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.cs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;int&gt; state, int target, int total, int[] choices, List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (total == target) {\nres.Add(new List&lt;int&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.Length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif (total + choices[i] &gt; target) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nstate.Add(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.RemoveAt(state.Count - 1);\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; subsetSumINaive(int[] nums, int target) {\nList&lt;int&gt; state = new List&lt;int&gt;(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nint total = 0; // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = new List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt;(); // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, total, nums, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.go<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunc backtrackSubsetSumINaive(total, target int, state, choices *[]int, res *[][]int) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif target == total {\nnewState := append([]int{}, *state...)\n*res = append(*res, newState)\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(*choices); i++ {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif total+(*choices)[i] &gt; target {\ncontinue\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\n*state = append(*state, (*choices)[i])\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrackSubsetSumINaive(total+(*choices)[i], target, state, choices, res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\n*state = (*state)[:len(*state)-1]\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nfunc subsetSumINaive(nums []int, target int) [][]int {\nstate := make([]int, 0) // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\ntotal := 0              // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nres := make([][]int, 0) // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrackSubsetSumINaive(total, target, &amp;state, &amp;nums, &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.swift<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunc backtrack(state: inout [Int], target: Int, total: Int, choices: [Int], res: inout [[Int]]) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif total == target {\nres.append(state)\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor i in stride(from: 0, to: choices.count, by: 1) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif total + choices[i] &gt; target {\ncontinue\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nstate.append(choices[i])\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, target: target, total: total + choices[i], choices: choices, res: &amp;res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.removeLast()\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nfunc subsetSumINaive(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; [[Int]] {\nvar state: [Int] = [] // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nlet total = 0 // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nvar res: [[Int]] = [] // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, target: target, total: total, choices: nums, res: &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.js<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunction backtrack(state, target, total, choices, res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (total === target) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif (total + choices[i] &gt; target) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nstate.push(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nfunction subsetSumINaive(nums, target) {\nconst state = []; // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nconst total = 0; // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nconst res = []; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, total, nums, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.ts<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunction backtrack(\nstate: number[],\ntarget: number,\ntotal: number,\nchoices: number[],\nres: number[][]\n): void {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (total === target) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif (total + choices[i] &gt; target) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nstate.push(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nfunction subsetSumINaive(nums: number[], target: number): number[][] {\nconst state = []; // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nconst total = 0; // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nconst res = []; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, total, nums, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.dart<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(\nList&lt;int&gt; state,\nint target,\nint total,\nList&lt;int&gt; choices,\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res,\n) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (total == target) {\nres.add(List.from(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif (total + choices[i] &gt; target) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nstate.add(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.removeLast();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; subsetSumINaive(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\nList&lt;int&gt; state = []; // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nint total = 0; // \u5143\u7d20\u548c\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = []; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, total, nums, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.rs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfn backtrack(mut state: Vec&lt;i32&gt;, target: i32, total: i32, choices: &amp;[i32], res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif total == target {\nres.push(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor i in 0..choices.len() {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif total + choices[i] &gt; target {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nstate.push(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state.clone(), target, total + choices[i], choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nfn subset_sum_i_naive(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32) -&gt; Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt; {\nlet state = Vec::new(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nlet total = 0; // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nlet mut res = Vec::new(); // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, total, nums, &amp;mut res);\nres\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.c<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(vector *state, int target, int total, vector *choices, vector *res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (total == target) {\nvector *tmpVector = newVector();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; state-&gt;size; i++) {\nvectorPushback(tmpVector, state-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n}\nvectorPushback(res, tmpVector, sizeof(vector));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (size_t i = 0; i &lt; choices-&gt;size; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif (total + *(int *)(choices-&gt;data[i]) &gt; target) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u548c total\nvectorPushback(state, choices-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target, total + *(int *)(choices-&gt;data[i]), choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nvectorPopback(state);\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\uff08\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff09 */\nvector *subsetSumINaive(vector *nums, int target) {\nvector *state = newVector(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nint total = 0;               // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nvector *res = newVector();   // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, total, nums, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5411\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 \\([3, 4, 5]\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 \\(9\\) \uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a \\([3, 3, 3], [4, 5], [5, 4]\\) \u3002\u867d\u7136\u6210\u529f\u627e\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u548c\u4e3a \\(9\\) \u7684\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5b50\u96c6 \\([4, 5]\\) \u548c \\([5, 4]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u533a\u5206\u9009\u62e9\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5b50\u96c6\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u9009\u62e9\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\u56fe 13-10 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5148\u9009 \\(4\\) \u540e\u9009 \\(5\\) \u4e0e\u5148\u9009 \\(5\\) \u540e\u9009 \\(4\\) \u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u8005\u5bf9\u5e94\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-10 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u641c\u7d22\u4e0e\u8d8a\u754c\u526a\u679d </p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u601d\u8def\u662f\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53 <code>target</code> \u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</li> <li>\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b50\u96c6\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6392\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u518d\u6bd4\u8f83\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u526a\u679d\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 13-11 \uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u662f\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u987a\u5e8f\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u5206\u522b\u9009\u62e9 \\(3\\) \u548c \\(4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([3, 4, \\dots]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u5e94\u8be5\u8df3\u8fc7 \\(3\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5b50\u96c6 \\([4, 3, \\dots]\\) \u548c <code>1.</code> \u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u590d\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u88ab\u9010\u4e2a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d8a\u9760\u53f3\u7684\u5206\u652f\u88ab\u526a\u6389\u7684\u8d8a\u591a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u524d\u4e24\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(3\\) \u548c \\(5\\) \uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5b50\u96c6 \\([3, 5, \\dots]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u524d\u4e24\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(4\\) \u548c \\(5\\) \uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5b50\u96c6 \\([4, 5, \\dots]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(5\\) \uff0c\u5219\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u5e94\u8be5\u8df3\u8fc7 \\(3\\) \u548c \\(4\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b50\u96c6 \\([5, 3, \\dots]\\) \u548c \\([5, 4, \\dots]\\) \u4e0e\u7b2c <code>1.</code> \u548c <code>2.</code> \u6b65\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u590d\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-11 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u540c\u9009\u62e9\u987a\u5e8f\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6 </p> <p>\u603b\u7ed3\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 \\([x_1, x_2, \\dots, x_n]\\) \uff0c\u8bbe\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5e8f\u5217\u4e3a \\([x_{i_1}, x_{i_2}, \\dots, x_{i_m}]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u5e8f\u5217\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3 \\(i_1 \\leq i_2 \\leq \\dots \\leq i_m\\) \uff0c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u8be5\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5e8f\u5217\u90fd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u526a\u679d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u8be5\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf <code>start</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u793a\u904d\u5386\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u5f53\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9 \\(x_{i}\\) \u540e\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u9009\u62e9\u5e8f\u5217\u6ee1\u8db3 \\(i_1 \\leq i_2 \\leq \\dots \\leq i_m\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b50\u96c6\u552f\u4e00\u3002</p> <p>\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u9879\u4f18\u5316\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u5f00\u542f\u641c\u7d22\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 <code>target</code> \u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u540e\u8fb9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u90fd\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 <code>target</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u7701\u53bb\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u53d8\u91cf <code>total</code> \uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 <code>target</code> \u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u51cf\u6cd5\u6765\u7edf\u8ba1\u5143\u7d20\u548c\uff0c\u5f53 <code>target</code> \u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\) \u65f6\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig subset_sum_i.py<pre><code>def backtrack(\nstate: list[int], target: int, choices: list[int], start: int, res: list[list[int]]\n):\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\"\"\"\n# \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif target == 0:\nres.append(list(state))\nreturn\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n# \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor i in range(start, len(choices)):\n# \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n# \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif target - choices[i] &lt; 0:\nbreak\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.append(choices[i])\n# \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i, res)\n# \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop()\ndef subset_sum_i(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; list[list[int]]:\n\"\"\"\u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I\"\"\"\nstate = []  # \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort()  # \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nstart = 0  # \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nres = []  # \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res)\nreturn res\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.cpp<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;state, int target, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;choices, int start, vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nres.push_back(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices.size(); i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.push_back(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop_back();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; subsetSumI(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\nvector&lt;int&gt; state;              // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nsort(nums.begin(), nums.end()); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0;                  // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; res;        // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.java<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;Integer&gt; state, int target, int[] choices, int start, List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nres.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.add(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.remove(state.size() - 1);\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; subsetSumI(int[] nums, int target) {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; state = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nArrays.sort(nums); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(); // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.cs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;int&gt; state, int target, int[] choices, int start, List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nres.Add(new List&lt;int&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices.Length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.Add(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.RemoveAt(state.Count - 1);\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; subsetSumI(int[] nums, int target) {\nList&lt;int&gt; state = new List&lt;int&gt;(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nArray.Sort(nums); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = new List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt;(); // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.go<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunc backtrackSubsetSumI(start, target int, state, choices *[]int, res *[][]int) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif target == 0 {\nnewState := append([]int{}, *state...)\n*res = append(*res, newState)\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor i := start; i &lt; len(*choices); i++ {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif target-(*choices)[i] &lt; 0 {\nbreak\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\n*state = append(*state, (*choices)[i])\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrackSubsetSumI(i, target-(*choices)[i], state, choices, res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\n*state = (*state)[:len(*state)-1]\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunc subsetSumI(nums []int, target int) [][]int {\nstate := make([]int, 0) // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nsort.Ints(nums)         // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nstart := 0              // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nres := make([][]int, 0) // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrackSubsetSumI(start, target, &amp;state, &amp;nums, &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.swift<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunc backtrack(state: inout [Int], target: Int, choices: [Int], start: Int, res: inout [[Int]]) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif target == 0 {\nres.append(state)\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor i in stride(from: start, to: choices.count, by: 1) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif target - choices[i] &lt; 0 {\nbreak\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.append(choices[i])\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, target: target - choices[i], choices: choices, start: i, res: &amp;res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.removeLast()\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunc subsetSumI(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; [[Int]] {\nvar state: [Int] = [] // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nlet nums = nums.sorted() // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nlet start = 0 // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nvar res: [[Int]] = [] // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, target: target, choices: nums, start: start, res: &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.js<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunction backtrack(state, target, choices, start, res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target === 0) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor (let i = start; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.push(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunction subsetSumI(nums, target) {\nconst state = []; // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nconst start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nconst res = []; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.ts<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunction backtrack(\nstate: number[],\ntarget: number,\nchoices: number[],\nstart: number,\nres: number[][]\n): void {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target === 0) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor (let i = start; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.push(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfunction subsetSumI(nums: number[], target: number): number[][] {\nconst state = []; // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nconst start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nconst res = []; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.dart<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(\nList&lt;int&gt; state,\nint target,\nList&lt;int&gt; choices,\nint start,\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res,\n) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nres.add(List.from(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.add(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.removeLast();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; subsetSumI(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\nList&lt;int&gt; state = []; // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort(); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = []; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.rs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfn backtrack(mut state: Vec&lt;i32&gt;, target: i32, choices: &amp;[i32], start: usize, res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif target == 0 {\nres.push(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor i in start..choices.len() {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif target - choices[i] &lt; 0 {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.push(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state.clone(), target - choices[i], choices, i, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nfn subset_sum_i(nums: &amp;mut [i32], target: i32) -&gt; Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt; {\nlet state = Vec::new(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort(); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nlet start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nlet mut res = Vec::new(); // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, &amp;mut res);\nres\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.c<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvoid backtrack(vector *state, int target, vector *choices, int start, vector *res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nvector *tmpVector = newVector();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; state-&gt;size; i++) {\nvectorPushback(tmpVector, state-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n}\nvectorPushback(res, tmpVector, sizeof(vector));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices-&gt;size; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\nif (target - *(int *)(choices-&gt;data[i]) &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nvectorPushback(state, choices-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - *(int *)(choices-&gt;data[i]), choices, i, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nvectorPopback(state);\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c I */\nvector *subsetSumI(vector *nums, int target) {\nvector *state = newVector();                        // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nqsort(nums-&gt;data, nums-&gt;size, sizeof(int *), comp); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0;                                      // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nvector *res = newVector();                          // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-12 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e3a\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 \\([3, 4, 5]\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 \\(9\\) \u8f93\u5165\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-12 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u548c I \u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#1332","title":"13.3.2 \u00a0 \u8003\u8651\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u6b63\u6574\u6570 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ec4\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u53ef\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u8bf7\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u7ec4\u5408\u3002</p> <p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9898\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4 \\([4, \\hat{4}, 5]\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 \\(9\\) \uff0c\u5219\u73b0\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a \\([4, 5], [\\hat{4}, 5]\\) \uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</p> <p>\u9020\u6210\u8fd9\u79cd\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u67d0\u8f6e\u4e2d\u88ab\u591a\u6b21\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5728\u56fe 13-13 \u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u5171\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u90fd\u4e3a \\(4\\) \uff0c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff1b\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a \\(4\\) \u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-13 \u00a0 \u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e2d\u53ea\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5de7\u5999\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u67d0\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u53d8\u91cf <code>start</code> \u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u8be5\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a\u5f53\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9 \\(x_{i}\\) \u540e\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i + 1\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5373\u80fd\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig subset_sum_ii.py<pre><code>def backtrack(\nstate: list[int], target: int, choices: list[int], start: int, res: list[list[int]]\n):\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II\"\"\"\n# \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif target == 0:\nres.append(list(state))\nreturn\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n# \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n# \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor i in range(start, len(choices)):\n# \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n# \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif target - choices[i] &lt; 0:\nbreak\n# \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif i &gt; start and choices[i] == choices[i - 1]:\ncontinue\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.append(choices[i])\n# \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i + 1, res)\n# \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop()\ndef subset_sum_ii(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; list[list[int]]:\n\"\"\"\u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II\"\"\"\nstate = []  # \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort()  # \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nstart = 0  # \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nres = []  # \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res)\nreturn res\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.cpp<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nvoid backtrack(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;state, int target, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;choices, int start, vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nres.push_back(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices.size(); i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif (i &gt; start &amp;&amp; choices[i] == choices[i - 1]) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.push_back(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i + 1, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop_back();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; subsetSumII(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\nvector&lt;int&gt; state;              // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nsort(nums.begin(), nums.end()); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0;                  // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; res;        // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.java<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;Integer&gt; state, int target, int[] choices, int start, List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nres.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif (i &gt; start &amp;&amp; choices[i] == choices[i - 1]) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.add(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i + 1, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.remove(state.size() - 1);\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; subsetSumII(int[] nums, int target) {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; state = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nArrays.sort(nums); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(); // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.cs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;int&gt; state, int target, int[] choices, int start, List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nres.Add(new List&lt;int&gt;(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices.Length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif (i &gt; start &amp;&amp; choices[i] == choices[i - 1]) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.Add(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i + 1, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.RemoveAt(state.Count - 1);\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; subsetSumII(int[] nums, int target) {\nList&lt;int&gt; state = new List&lt;int&gt;(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nArray.Sort(nums); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = new List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt;(); // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.go<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfunc backtrackSubsetSumII(start, target int, state, choices *[]int, res *[][]int) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif target == 0 {\nnewState := append([]int{}, *state...)\n*res = append(*res, newState)\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor i := start; i &lt; len(*choices); i++ {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif target-(*choices)[i] &lt; 0 {\nbreak\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif i &gt; start &amp;&amp; (*choices)[i] == (*choices)[i-1] {\ncontinue\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\n*state = append(*state, (*choices)[i])\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrackSubsetSumII(i+1, target-(*choices)[i], state, choices, res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\n*state = (*state)[:len(*state)-1]\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfunc subsetSumII(nums []int, target int) [][]int {\nstate := make([]int, 0) // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nsort.Ints(nums)         // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nstart := 0              // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nres := make([][]int, 0) // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrackSubsetSumII(start, target, &amp;state, &amp;nums, &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.swift<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfunc backtrack(state: inout [Int], target: Int, choices: [Int], start: Int, res: inout [[Int]]) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif target == 0 {\nres.append(state)\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor i in stride(from: start, to: choices.count, by: 1) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif target - choices[i] &lt; 0 {\nbreak\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif i &gt; start, choices[i] == choices[i - 1] {\ncontinue\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.append(choices[i])\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, target: target - choices[i], choices: choices, start: i + 1, res: &amp;res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.removeLast()\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfunc subsetSumII(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; [[Int]] {\nvar state: [Int] = [] // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nlet nums = nums.sorted() // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nlet start = 0 // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nvar res: [[Int]] = [] // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, target: target, choices: nums, start: start, res: &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.js<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfunction backtrack(state, target, choices, start, res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target === 0) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor (let i = start; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif (i &gt; start &amp;&amp; choices[i] === choices[i - 1]) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.push(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i + 1, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfunction subsetSumII(nums, target) {\nconst state = []; // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nconst start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nconst res = []; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.ts<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfunction backtrack(\nstate: number[],\ntarget: number,\nchoices: number[],\nstart: number,\nres: number[][]\n): void {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target === 0) {\nres.push([...state]);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor (let i = start; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif (i &gt; start &amp;&amp; choices[i] === choices[i - 1]) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.push(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i + 1, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfunction subsetSumII(nums: number[], target: number): number[][] {\nconst state = []; // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nconst start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nconst res = []; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.dart<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nvoid backtrack(\nList&lt;int&gt; state,\nint target,\nList&lt;int&gt; choices,\nint start,\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res,\n) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nres.add(List.from(state));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices.length; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - choices[i] &lt; 0) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif (i &gt; start &amp;&amp; choices[i] == choices[i - 1]) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.add(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - choices[i], choices, i + 1, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.removeLast();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; subsetSumII(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\nList&lt;int&gt; state = []; // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort(); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; res = []; // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.rs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfn backtrack(mut state: Vec&lt;i32&gt;, target: i32, choices: &amp;[i32], start: usize, res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif target == 0 {\nres.push(state);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor i in start..choices.len() {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif target - choices[i] &lt; 0 {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif i &gt; start &amp;&amp; choices[i] == choices[i - 1] {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nstate.push(choices[i]);\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state.clone(), target - choices[i], choices, i, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nstate.pop();\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nfn subset_sum_ii(nums: &amp;mut [i32], target: i32) -&gt; Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt; {\nlet state = Vec::new(); // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nnums.sort(); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nlet start = 0; // \u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\nlet mut res = Vec::new(); // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, &amp;mut res);\nres\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.c<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nvoid backtrack(vector *state, int target, vector *choices, int start, vector *res) {\n// \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e target \u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nif (target == 0) {\nvector *tmpVector = newVector();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; state-&gt;size; i++) {\nvectorPushback(tmpVector, state-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n}\nvectorPushback(res, tmpVector, sizeof(vector));\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e8c\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e09\uff1a\u4ece start \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\nfor (int i = start; i &lt; choices-&gt;size; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\u4e00\uff1a\u82e5\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 target \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\n// \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d85\u8fc7 target\nif (target - *(int *)(choices-&gt;data[i]) &lt; 0) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u526a\u679d\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\nif (i &gt; start &amp;&amp; *(int *)(choices-&gt;data[i]) == *(int *)(choices-&gt;data[i - 1])) {\ncontinue;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 target, start\nvectorPushback(state, choices-&gt;data[i], sizeof(int));\n// \u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\nbacktrack(state, target - *(int *)(choices-&gt;data[i]), choices, i + 1, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nvectorPopback(state);\n}\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u5b50\u96c6\u548c II */\nvector *subsetSumII(vector *nums, int target) {\nvector *state = newVector();                        // \u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\nqsort(nums-&gt;data, nums-&gt;size, sizeof(int *), comp); // \u5bf9 nums \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nint start = 0;                                      // \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\nvector *res = newVector();                          // \u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u96c6\u5217\u8868\uff09\nbacktrack(state, target, nums, start, res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 13-14 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4 \\([4, 4, 5]\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 \\(9\\) \u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5171\u5305\u542b\u56db\u79cd\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8bf7\u4f60\u5c06\u56fe\u793a\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u91ca\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u6574\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u79cd\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-14 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u548c II \u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/summary/","title":"13.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u7a77\u4e3e\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u89e3\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u6765\u5bfb\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u5219\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u89e3\u6216\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0e\u56de\u9000\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5404\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u64a4\u9500\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u9000\u56de\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0e\u56de\u9000\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u526a\u679d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u524d\u7ed3\u675f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f46\u5f80\u5f80\u5b58\u5728\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u6216\u66f4\u597d\u6548\u679c\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u65e8\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u7ed9\u5b9a\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u526a\u679d\u6389\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u91cd\u590d\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7ea6\u675f\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u548c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u503c\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u96c6\u3002\u96c6\u5408\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u56de\u6eaf\u524d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u6307\u793a\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u904d\u5386\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u8fdb\u884c\u526a\u679d\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5224\u65ad\u76f8\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u9009\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</li> <li>\\(n\\) \u7687\u540e\u65e8\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u5c06 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5230 \\(n \\times n\\) \u5c3a\u5bf8\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u7687\u540e\u4e24\u4e24\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u653b\u51fb\u5bf9\u65b9\u3002\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u6709\u884c\u7ea6\u675f\u3001\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u884c\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u6309\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u3002</li> <li>\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6307\u793a\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5206\u522b\u8bb0\u5f55\u8be5\u4e3b\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\uff1b\u96be\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u627e\u5904\u5728\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\uff08\u526f\uff09\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u683c\u5b50\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3\u56de\u6eaf\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f</p> <p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u9012\u5f52\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u201d\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\uff08\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u9012\u5f52\uff09\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/","title":"\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u72b9\u5982\u6d69\u701a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u5411\u5bfc\u3002</p> <p>\u5b83\u5e26\u9886\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>2.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u8bc4\u4f30</li> <li>2.2 \u00a0 \u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0e\u9012\u5f52</li> <li>2.3 \u00a0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</li> <li>2.4 \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</li> <li>2.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/","title":"2.2 \u00a0 \u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0e\u9012\u5f52","text":"<p>\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u800c\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9009\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#221","title":"2.2.1 \u00a0 \u8fed\u4ee3","text":"<p>\u300c\u8fed\u4ee3 iteration\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u518d\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#1-for","title":"1. \u00a0 for \u5faa\u73af","text":"<p><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9884\u5148\u77e5\u9053\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b21\u6570\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570\u57fa\u4e8e <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6c42\u548c \\(1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf <code>res</code> \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cPython \u4e2d <code>range(a, b)</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u533a\u95f4\u662f\u201c\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u904d\u5386\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a \\(a, a + 1, \\dots, b-1\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig iteration.py<pre><code>def for_loop(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"for \u5faa\u73af\"\"\"\nres = 0\n# \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\nres += i\nreturn res\n</code></pre> iteration.cpp<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nint forLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; ++i) {\nres += i;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.java<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nint forLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nres += i;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.cs<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nint forLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nres += i;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.go<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nfunc forLoop(n int) int {\nres := 0\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\nres += i\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.swift<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nfunc forLoop(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar res = 0\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor i in 1 ... n {\nres += i\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.js<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nfunction forLoop(n) {\nlet res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nres += i;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.ts<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nfunction forLoop(n: number): number {\nlet res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nres += i;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.dart<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nint forLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nres += i;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.rs<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nfn for_loop(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor i in 1..=n {\nres += i;\n}\nres\n} </code></pre> iteration.c<pre><code>/* for \u5faa\u73af */\nint forLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nres += i;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-1 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6846\u56fe\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-1 \u00a0 \u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6846\u56fe </p> <p>\u6b64\u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u6210\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#2-while","title":"2. \u00a0 while \u5faa\u73af","text":"<p>\u4e0e <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c<code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728 <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u5219\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528 <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c42\u548c \\(1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig iteration.py<pre><code>def while_loop(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"while \u5faa\u73af\"\"\"\nres = 0\ni = 1  # \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n# \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile i &lt;= n:\nres += i\ni += 1  # \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\nreturn res\n</code></pre> iteration.cpp<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nint whileLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\ni++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.java<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nint whileLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\ni++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.cs<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nint whileLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\ni += 1; // \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.go<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nfunc whileLoop(n int) int {\nres := 0\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni := 1\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor i &lt;= n {\nres += i\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni++\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.swift<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nfunc whileLoop(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar res = 0\nvar i = 1 // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile i &lt;= n {\nres += i\ni += 1 // \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.js<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nfunction whileLoop(n) {\nlet res = 0;\nlet i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\ni++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.ts<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nfunction whileLoop(n: number): number {\nlet res = 0;\nlet i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\ni++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.dart<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nint whileLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\ni++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.rs<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nfn while_loop(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut res = 0;\nlet mut i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile i &lt;= n {\nres += i;\ni += 1; // \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n}\nres\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.c<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af */\nint whileLoop(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\ni++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728 <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u6bd4 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf \\(i\\) \u6bcf\u8f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u4e0d\u592a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7528 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig iteration.py<pre><code>def while_loop_ii(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\"\"\"\nres = 0\ni = 1  # \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n# \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nwhile i &lt;= n:\nres += i\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni += 1\ni *= 2\nreturn res\n</code></pre> iteration.cpp<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nint whileLoopII(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni++;\ni *= 2;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.java<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nint whileLoopII(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni++;\ni *= 2;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.cs<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nint whileLoopII(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 2, 4, 5...\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni += 1; i *= 2;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.go<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nfunc whileLoopII(n int) int {\nres := 0\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni := 1\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nfor i &lt;= n {\nres += i\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni++\ni *= 2\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.swift<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nfunc whileLoopII(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar res = 0\nvar i = 1 // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nwhile i &lt;= n {\nres += i\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni += 1\ni *= 2\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.js<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nfunction whileLoopII(n) {\nlet res = 0;\nlet i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni++;\ni *= 2;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.ts<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nfunction whileLoopII(n: number): number {\nlet res = 0;\nlet i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni++;\ni *= 2;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.dart<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nint whileLoopII(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni++;\ni *= 2;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.rs<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nfn while_loop_ii(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut res = 0;\nlet mut i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nwhile i &lt;= n {\nres += i;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni += 1;\ni *= 2;\n}\nres\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.c<pre><code>/* while \u5faa\u73af\uff08\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 */\nint whileLoopII(int n) {\nint res = 0;\nint i = 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6c42\u548c 1, 4, ...\nwhile (i &lt;= n) {\nres += i;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\ni++;\ni *= 2;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> <p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c<code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u51d1\uff0c<code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fed\u4ee3\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u5185\u5d4c\u5957\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig iteration.py<pre><code>def nested_for_loop(n: int) -&gt; str:\n\"\"\"\u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af\"\"\"\nres = \"\"\n# \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\n# \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor j in range(1, n + 1):\nres += f\"({i}, {j}), \"\nreturn res\n</code></pre> iteration.cpp<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nstring nestedForLoop(int n) {\nostringstream res;\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; ++i) {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= n; ++j) {\nres &lt;&lt; \"(\" &lt;&lt; i &lt;&lt; \", \" &lt;&lt; j &lt;&lt; \"), \";\n}\n}\nreturn res.str();\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.java<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nString nestedForLoop(int n) {\nStringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= n; j++) {\nres.append(\"(\" + i + \", \" + j + \"), \");\n}\n}\nreturn res.toString();\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.cs<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nstring nestedForLoop(int n) {\nStringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= n; j++) {\nres.Append($\"({i}, {j}), \");\n}\n}\nreturn res.ToString();\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.go<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nfunc nestedForLoop(n int) string {\nres := \"\"\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\nfor j := 1; j &lt;= n; j++ {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nres += fmt.Sprintf(\"(%d, %d), \", i, j)\n}\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.swift<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nfunc nestedForLoop(n: Int) -&gt; String {\nvar res = \"\"\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor i in 1 ... n {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor j in 1 ... n {\nres.append(\"(\\(i), \\(j)), \")\n}\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.js<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nfunction nestedForLoop(n) {\nlet res = '';\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= n; j++) {\nres += `(${i}, ${j}), `;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.ts<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nfunction nestedForLoop(n: number): string {\nlet res = '';\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= n; j++) {\nres += `(${i}, ${j}), `;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.dart<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nString nestedForLoop(int n) {\nString res = \"\";\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= n; j++) {\nres += \"($i, $j), \";\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.rs<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nfn nested_for_loop(n: i32) -&gt; String {\nlet mut res = vec![];\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor i in 1..=n {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor j in 1..=n {\nres.push(format!(\"({}, {}), \", i, j));\n}\n}\nres.join(\"\")\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.c<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5c42 for \u5faa\u73af */\nchar *nestedForLoop(int n) {\n// n * n \u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\"(i, j), \" \u5bf9\u5e94\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u6700\u5927\u4e3a 6+10*2\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26 \\0 \u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\nint size = n * n * 26 + 1;\nchar *res = malloc(size * sizeof(char));\n// \u5faa\u73af i = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5faa\u73af j = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= n; j++) {\nchar tmp[26];\nsnprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), \"(%d, %d), \", i, j);\nstrncat(res, tmp, size - strlen(res) - 1);\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> iteration.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-2 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8be5\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6846\u56fe\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-2 \u00a0 \u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6846\u56fe </p> <p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e \\(n^2\\) \u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u6210\u201c\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5d4c\u5957\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u5347\u7ef4\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\u81f3\u201c\u7acb\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u56db\u6b21\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3001\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#222","title":"2.2.2 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52","text":"<p>\u300c\u9012\u5f52 recursion\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9012\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f20\u5165\u66f4\u5c0f\u6216\u66f4\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fbe\u5230\u201c\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\uff1a\u89e6\u53d1\u201c\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u201d\u540e\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u6700\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u5c42\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u6c47\u805a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u800c\u4ece\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7531\u201c\u9012\u201d\u8f6c\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\uff1a\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9012\u201d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8f93\u5165\u66f4\u5c0f\u6216\u66f4\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u5f52\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u9012\u5f52\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u81f3\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570 <code>recur(n)</code>  \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210 \\(1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig recursion.py<pre><code>def recur(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u9012\u5f52\"\"\"\n# \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif n == 1:\nreturn 1\n# \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nres = recur(n - 1)\n# \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res\n</code></pre> recursion.cpp<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nint recur(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 1)\nreturn 1;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nint res = recur(n - 1);\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.java<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nint recur(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 1)\nreturn 1;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nint res = recur(n - 1);\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.cs<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nint recur(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 1)\nreturn 1;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nint res = recur(n - 1);\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.go<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nfunc recur(n int) int {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif n == 1 {\nreturn 1\n}\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nres := recur(n - 1)\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.swift<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nfunc recur(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif n == 1 {\nreturn 1\n}\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nlet res = recur(n: n - 1)\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.js<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nfunction recur(n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n === 1) return 1;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nconst res = recur(n - 1);\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.ts<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nfunction recur(n: number): number {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n === 1) return 1;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nconst res = recur(n - 1);\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.dart<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nint recur(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 1) return 1;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nint res = recur(n - 1);\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.rs<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nfn recur(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif n == 1 {\nreturn 1;\n}\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nlet res = recur(n - 1);\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nn + res\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.c<pre><code>/* \u9012\u5f52 */\nint recur(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 1)\nreturn 1;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nint res = recur(n - 1);\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nreturn n + res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-3 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-3 \u00a0 \u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u867d\u7136\u4ece\u8ba1\u7b97\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0e\u9012\u5f52\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8fed\u4ee3\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ece\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u590d\u6216\u7d2f\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u201d\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7ee7\u7eed\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\uff08\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u89e3\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bbe\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n) = 1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8fed\u4ee3\uff1a\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u6a21\u62df\u6c42\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece \\(1\\) \u904d\u5386\u5230 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u6267\u884c\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u6c42\u5f97 \\(f(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n) = n + f(n-1)\\) \uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5730\uff09\u5206\u89e3\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5 \\(f(1) = 1\\) \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8c03\u7528\u6808","text":"<p>\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e3a\u65b0\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8c03\u7528\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u8fed\u4ee3\u66f4\u52a0\u8017\u8d39\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u9012\u5f52\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u56fe 2-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u89e6\u53d1\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u524d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u672a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-4 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u8fc7\u6df1\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\u62a5\u9519\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52","text":"<p>\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u524d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6216\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u4e0a\u4e0e\u8fed\u4ee3\u76f8\u5f53\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 tail recursion\u300d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u666e\u901a\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002</li> <li>\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u524d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u7ea7\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u9700\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u53d8\u91cf <code>res</code> \u8bbe\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig recursion.py<pre><code>def tail_recur(n, res):\n\"\"\"\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\"\"\"\n# \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif n == 0:\nreturn res\n# \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tail_recur(n - 1, res + n)\n</code></pre> recursion.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nint tailRecur(int n, int res) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 0)\nreturn res;\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.java<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nint tailRecur(int n, int res) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 0)\nreturn res;\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.cs<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nint tailRecur(int n, int res) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 0)\nreturn res;\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.go<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunc tailRecur(n int, res int) int {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif n == 0 {\nreturn res\n}\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tailRecur(n-1, res+n)\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.swift<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunc tailRecur(n: Int, res: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif n == 0 {\nreturn res\n}\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tailRecur(n: n - 1, res: res + n)\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.js<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunction tailRecur(n, res) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n === 0) return res;\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.ts<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunction tailRecur(n: number, res: number): number {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n === 0) return res;\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.dart<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nint tailRecur(int n, int res) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 0) return res;\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.rs<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nfn tail_recur(n: i32, res: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif n == 0 {\nreturn res;\n}\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\ntail_recur(n - 1, res + n)\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.c<pre><code>/* \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 */\nint tailRecur(int n, int res) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (n == 0)\nreturn res;\n// \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nreturn tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 2-5 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u5bf9\u6bd4\u666e\u901a\u9012\u5f52\u548c\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u666e\u901a\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u90fd\u8981\u518d\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u201c\u9012\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ea\u9700\u5c42\u5c42\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-5 \u00a0 \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6216\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cPython \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#3_1","title":"3. \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u6811","text":"<p>\u5f53\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u201c\u5206\u6cbb\u201d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u601d\u8def\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6613\u8bfb\u3002\u4ee5\u201c\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\u201d\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217 \\(0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, \\dots\\) \uff0c\u6c42\u8be5\u6570\u5217\u7684\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\u7684\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e3a \\(f(n)\\) \uff0c\u6613\u5f97\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u5217\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e3a \\(f(1) = 0\\) \u548c \\(f(2) = 1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u548c\uff0c\u5373 \\(f(n) = f(n - 1) + f(n - 2)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6309\u7167\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5c06\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u5199\u51fa\u9012\u5f52\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8c03\u7528 <code>fib(n)</code> \u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\u7684\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig recursion.py<pre><code>def fib(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\"\"\"\n# \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif n == 1 or n == 2:\nreturn n - 1\n# \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nres = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res\n</code></pre> recursion.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nint fib(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n - 1;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nint res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.java<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nint fib(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n - 1;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nint res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.cs<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nint fib(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n - 1;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nint res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.go<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunc fib(n int) int {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn n - 1\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nres := fib(n-1) + fib(n-2)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.swift<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunc fib(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn n - 1\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nlet res = fib(n: n - 1) + fib(n: n - 2)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.js<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunction fib(n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) return n - 1;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nconst res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.ts<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunction fib(n: number): number {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) return n - 1;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nconst res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.dart<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nint fib(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif (n == 1 || n == 2) return n - 1;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nint res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.rs<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nfn fib(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn n - 1;\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nlet res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nres\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.c<pre><code>/* \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff1a\u9012\u5f52 */\nint fib(int n) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n - 1;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)\nint res = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c f(n)\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u5206\u652f\u3002\u5982\u56fe 2-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u65ad\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u300c\u9012\u5f52\u6811 recursion tree\u300d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-6 \u00a0 \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u4f53\u73b0\u201c\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4ece\u7b97\u6cd5\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7b49\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5929\u7136\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6811\u548c\u56fe\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#223","title":"2.2.3 \u00a0 \u4e24\u8005\u5bf9\u6bd4","text":"<p>\u603b\u7ed3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5982\u8868 2-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u9002\u7528\u6027\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 2-1 \u00a0 \u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0e\u9012\u5f52\u7279\u70b9\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u8fed\u4ee3 \u9012\u5f52 \u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f \u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784 \u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab \u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387 \u6548\u7387\u901a\u5e38\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u65e0\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5f00\u9500 \u6bcf\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f00\u9500 \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528 \u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4 \u7d2f\u79ef\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4 \u9002\u7528\u95ee\u9898 \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u5faa\u73af\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u89c2\u3001\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u597d \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5982\u6811\u3001\u56fe\u3001\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u6e05\u6670 <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u611f\u89c9\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u7406\u89e3\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bfb\u5b8c\u201c\u6808\u201d\u7ae0\u8282\u540e\u518d\u6765\u590d\u4e60\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u5177\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5185\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6700\u521d\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6700\u540e\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u6808\u7684\u201c\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u201d\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5f02\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9012\u5f52\u672f\u8bed\u5df2\u7ecf\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u9012\u5f52\u4e0e\u6808\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9012\uff1a\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u201c\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u201d\u4e0a\u4e3a\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u914d\u65b0\u7684\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\uff1a\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u5b8c\u6210\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u4f1a\u4ece\u201c\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u201d\u4e0a\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u4e4b\u524d\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u9012\u5f52\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig recursion.py<pre><code>def for_loop_recur(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u62df\u9012\u5f52\"\"\"\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\nstack = []\nres = 0\n# \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nfor i in range(n, 0, -1):\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u9012\u201d\nstack.append(i)\n# \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nwhile stack:\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u5f52\u201d\nres += stack.pop()\n# res = 1+2+3+...+n\nreturn res\n</code></pre> recursion.cpp<pre><code>/* \u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u62df\u9012\u5f52 */\nint forLoopRecur(int n) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\nstack&lt;int&gt; stack;\nint res = 0;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nfor (int i = n; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u9012\u201d\nstack.push(i);\n}\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nwhile (!stack.empty()) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u5f52\u201d\nres += stack.top();\nstack.pop();\n}\n// res = 1+2+3+...+n\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.java<pre><code>/* \u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u62df\u9012\u5f52 */\nint forLoopRecur(int n) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\nStack&lt;Integer&gt; stack = new Stack&lt;&gt;();\nint res = 0;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nfor (int i = n; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u9012\u201d\nstack.push(i);\n}\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nwhile (!stack.isEmpty()) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u5f52\u201d\nres += stack.pop();\n}\n// res = 1+2+3+...+n\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.cs<pre><code>/* \u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u62df\u9012\u5f52 */\nint forLoopRecur(int n) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\nStack&lt;int&gt; stack = new Stack&lt;int&gt;();\nint res = 0;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nfor (int i = n; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u9012\u201d\nstack.Push(i);\n}\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nwhile (stack.Count &gt; 0) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u5f52\u201d\nres += stack.Pop();\n}\n// res = 1+2+3+...+n\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.swift<pre><code>/* \u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u62df\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunc forLoopRecur(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\nvar stack: [Int] = []\nvar res = 0\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nfor i in stride(from: n, to: 0, by: -1) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u9012\u201d\nstack.append(i)\n}\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nwhile !stack.isEmpty {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u5f52\u201d\nres += stack.removeLast()\n}\n// res = 1+2+3+...+n\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.js<pre><code>/* \u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u62df\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunction forLoopRecur(n) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\nconst stack = [];\nlet res = 0;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u9012\u201d\nstack.push(i);\n}\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nwhile (stack.length) { // \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u5f52\u201d\nres += stack.pop();\n}\n// res = 1+2+3+...+n\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.ts<pre><code>/* \u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u62df\u9012\u5f52 */\nfunction forLoopRecur(n: number): number {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808 \nconst stack: number[] = [];\nlet res: number = 0;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u9012\u201d\nstack.push(i);\n}\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nwhile (stack.length) { // \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u5f52\u201d\nres += stack.pop();\n}\n// res = 1+2+3+...+n\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.dart<pre><code>/* \u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u62df\u9012\u5f52 */\nint forLoopRecur(int n) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\nList&lt;int&gt; stack = [];\nint res = 0;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nfor (int i = n; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u9012\u201d\nstack.add(i);\n}\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nwhile (!stack.isEmpty) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u5f52\u201d\nres += stack.removeLast();\n}\n// res = 1+2+3+...+n\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.rs<pre><code>/* \u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u62df\u9012\u5f52 */\nfn for_loop_recur(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\nlet mut stack = Vec::new();\nlet mut res = 0;\n// \u9012\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\nfor i in (1..=n).rev() {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u9012\u201d\nstack.push(i);\n}\n// \u5f52\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\nwhile !stack.is_empty() {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u5f52\u201d\nres += stack.pop().unwrap();\n}\n// res = 1+2+3+...+n\nres\n}\n</code></pre> recursion.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5f53\u9012\u5f52\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8fed\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u4e86\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u503c\u5f97\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8f6c\u5316\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u66f4\u5dee\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8fed\u4ee3\u8fd8\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6743\u8861\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u60c5\u5883\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/","title":"2.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u8bc4\u4f30","text":"<p>\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u540e\u8ffd\u6c42\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u627e\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u6cd5\uff1a\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u5728\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u6c42\u5f97\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u5bfb\u6c42\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6cd5\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u627e\u5230\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u52a3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5feb\u6162\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u201c\u65e2\u5feb\u53c8\u7701\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u800c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6307\u5bfc\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p>\u6548\u7387\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7406\u8bba\u4f30\u7b97\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/#211","title":"2.1.1 \u00a0 \u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5","text":"<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u548c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u540c\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u627e\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u76d1\u63a7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u53cd\u6620\u771f\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u67d0\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u77ed\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5e73\u5747\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u5b8c\u6574\u6d4b\u8bd5\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u66f4\u5c11\uff1b\u800c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5404\u79cd\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u8017\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/#212","title":"2.1.2 \u00a0 \u7406\u8bba\u4f30\u7b97","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f30\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u6e10\u8fd1\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790 asymptotic complexity analysis\u300d\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u300c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u300d\u3002</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4f53\u73b0\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u968f\u7740\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6709\u4e9b\u62d7\u53e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u91cd\u70b9\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u300c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 time complexity\u300d\u548c\u300c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 space complexity\u300d\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u968f\u7740\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u201d\u8868\u793a\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u7a7a\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u7684\u201c\u5feb\u6162\u201d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u514b\u670d\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5b83\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u3002</li> <li>\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4ecd\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u628a\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u201c\u6807\u5c3a\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0d\u540c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u4e2a\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u96be\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u592a\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8981\u5206\u6790\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u5efa\u7acb\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u6210\u7b80\u5355\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/","title":"2.4 \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u300c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 space complexity\u300d\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u53d8\u5927\u65f6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u201c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#241","title":"2.4.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u76f8\u5173\u7a7a\u95f4","text":"<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u201c\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u6808\u9876\u90e8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\uff0c\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u4ee4\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7edf\u8ba1\u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-15 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7a7a\u95f4 </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class Node:\n\"\"\"\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, x: int):\nself.val: int = x              # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.next: Node | None = None  # \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\ndef function() -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u51fd\u6570\"\"\"\n# \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0\ndef algorithm(n) -&gt; int:  # \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nA = 0                 # \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u793a\uff09\nb = 0                 # \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nnode = Node(0)        # \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nc = function()        # \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn A + b + c      # \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct Node {\nint val;\nNode *next;\nNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}\n};\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) {        // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst int a = 0;          // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;                // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nNode* node = new Node(0); // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nint c = func();           // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;         // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nint val;\nNode next;\nNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) {        // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nfinal int a = 0;          // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;                // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nNode node = new Node(0);  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nint c = function();       // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;         // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nint val;\nNode next;\nNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) {        // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst int a = 0;          // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;                // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nNode node = new Node(0);  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nint c = function();       // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;         // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype node struct {\nval  int\nnext *node\n}\n/* \u521b\u5efa node \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53  */\nfunc newNode(val int) *node {\nreturn &amp;node{val: val}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc function() int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0\n}\nfunc algorithm(n int) int { // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst a = 0             // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nb := 0                  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nnewNode(0)              // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nc := function()         // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c        // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nvar val: Int\nvar next: Node?\ninit(x: Int) {\nval = x\n}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc function() -&gt; Int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0\n}\nfunc algorithm(n: Int) -&gt; Int { // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nlet a = 0             // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nvar b = 0             // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nlet node = Node(x: 0) // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nlet c = function()    // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c      // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nval;\nnext;\nconstructor(val) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = null;                       // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunction constFunc() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\nfunction algorithm(n) {       // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst a = 0;              // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nlet b = 0;                // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nconst node = new Node(0); // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nconst c = constFunc();    // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;         // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nval: number;\nnext: Node | null;\nconstructor(val?: number) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = null;                       // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunction constFunc(): number {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\nfunction algorithm(n: number): number { // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst a = 0;                        // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nlet b = 0;                          // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nconst node = new Node(0);           // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nconst c = constFunc();              // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;                   // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nint val;\nNode next;\nNode(this.val, [this.next]);\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) {  // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst int a = 0;      // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;            // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nNode node = Node(0);  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nint c = function();   // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;     // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct Node {\nval: i32,\nnext: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;Node&gt;&gt;&gt;,\n}\n/* \u521b\u5efa Node \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nimpl Node {\nfn new(val: i32) -&gt; Self {\nSelf { val: val, next: None }\n}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfn function() -&gt; i32 {      // \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nfn algorithm(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {       // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst a: i32 = 0;               // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nlet mut b = 0;                  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nlet node = Node::new(0);        // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nlet c = function();             // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;               // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) { // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst int a = 0;   // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;         // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nint c = func();    // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;  // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#242","title":"2.4.2 \u00a0 \u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u7edf\u8ba1\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ece\u201c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u8f6c\u4e3a\u201c\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u800c\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u786c\u6027\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u90fd\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u9884\u7559\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6700\u5dee\u201d\u6709\u4e24\u5c42\u542b\u4e49\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u4ee5\u6700\u5dee\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u51c6\uff1a\u5f53 \\(n &lt; 10\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1b\u4f46\u5f53 \\(n &gt; 10\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u5cf0\u503c\u5185\u5b58\u4e3a\u51c6\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u6267\u884c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5360\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b\u5f53\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> </ol> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def algorithm(n: int):\na = 0               # O(1)\nb = [0] * 10000     # O(1)\nif n &gt; 10:\nnums = [0] * n  # O(n)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;               // O(1)\nvector&lt;int&gt; b(10000);    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10)\nvector&lt;int&gt; nums(n); // O(n)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;                   // O(1)\nint[] b = new int[10000];    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10)\nint[] nums = new int[n]; // O(n)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;                   // O(1)\nint[] b = new int[10000];    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10) {\nint[] nums = new int[n]; // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n int) {\na := 0                      // O(1)\nb := make([]int, 10000)     // O(1)\nvar nums []int\nif n &gt; 10 {\nnums := make([]int, n)  // O(n)\n}\nfmt.Println(a, b, nums)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n: Int) {\nlet a = 0 // O(1)\nlet b = Array(repeating: 0, count: 10000) // O(1)\nif n &gt; 10 {\nlet nums = Array(repeating: 0, count: n) // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n) {\nconst a = 0;                   // O(1)\nconst b = new Array(10000);    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10) {\nconst nums = new Array(n); // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n: number): void {\nconst a = 0;                   // O(1)\nconst b = new Array(10000);    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10) {\nconst nums = new Array(n); // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;                            // O(1)\nList&lt;int&gt; b = List.filled(10000, 0);  // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10) {\nList&lt;int&gt; nums = List.filled(n, 0); // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>fn algorithm(n: i32) {\nlet a = 0;                              // O(1)\nlet b = [0; 10000];                     // O(1)\nif n &gt; 10 {\nlet nums = vec![0; n as usize];     // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;               // O(1)\nint b[10000];            // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10)\nint nums[n] = {0};   // O(n)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7edf\u8ba1\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570 <code>loop()</code> \u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u4e86 \\(n\\) \u6b21 <code>function()</code> \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u7684 <code>function()</code> \u90fd\u8fd4\u56de\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570 <code>recur()</code> \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u672a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 <code>recur()</code> \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def function() -&gt; int:\n# \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0\ndef loop(n: int):\n\"\"\"\u5faa\u73af O(1)\"\"\"\nfor _ in range(n):\nfunction()\ndef recur(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u9012\u5f52 O(n)\"\"\"\nif n == 1: return\nreturn recur(n - 1)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunc();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nint recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return 1;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func function() int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfunc loop(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nfunction()\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nfunc recur(n int) {\nif n == 1 {\nreturn\n}\nrecur(n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>@discardableResult\nfunc function() -&gt; Int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfunc loop(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\nfunction()\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nfunc recur(n: Int) {\nif n == 1 {\nreturn\n}\nrecur(n: n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function constFunc() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfunction loop(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconstFunc();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nfunction recur(n) {\nif (n === 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function constFunc(): number {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfunction loop(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconstFunc();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nfunction recur(n: number): void {\nif (n === 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>fn function() -&gt; i32 {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfn loop(n: i32) {\nfor i in 0..n {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(n: i32) {\nif n == 1 {\nreturn;\n}\nrecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunc();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#243","title":"2.4.3 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u56fe 2-16 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u4ece\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8\u6392\u5217\uff09\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} O(1) &lt; O(\\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \\newline \\text{\u5e38\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u5bf9\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u7ebf\u6027\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u5e73\u65b9\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u6307\u6570\u9636} \\end{aligned} \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-16 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#1-o1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5e38\u6570\u9636 \\(O(1)\\)","text":"<p>\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u800c\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u5faa\u73af\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7d2f\u79ef\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>def function() -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u51fd\u6570\"\"\"\n# \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0\ndef constant(n: int):\n\"\"\"\u5e38\u6570\u9636\"\"\"\n# \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\na = 0\nnums = [0] * 10000\nnode = ListNode(0)\n# \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor _ in range(n):\nc = 0\n# \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor _ in range(n):\nfunction()\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nvoid constant(int n) {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst int a = 0;\nint b = 0;\nvector&lt;int&gt; nums(10000);\nListNode node(0);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint c = 0;\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunc();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nvoid constant(int n) {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfinal int a = 0;\nint b = 0;\nint[] nums = new int[10000];\nListNode node = new ListNode(0);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint c = 0;\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nvoid constant(int n) {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nint a = 0;\nint b = 0;\nint[] nums = new int[10000];\nListNode node = new ListNode(0);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint c = 0;\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc function() int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nfunc spaceConstant(n int) {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst a = 0\nb := 0\nnums := make([]int, 10000)\nListNode := newNode(0)\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nvar c int\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nc = 0\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nfunction()\n}\nfmt.Println(a, b, nums, c, ListNode)\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\n@discardableResult\nfunc function() -&gt; Int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nfunc constant(n: Int) {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet a = 0\nvar b = 0\nlet nums = Array(repeating: 0, count: 10000)\nlet node = ListNode(x: 0)\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\nlet c = 0\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\nfunction()\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunction constFunc() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nfunction constant(n) {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst a = 0;\nconst b = 0;\nconst nums = new Array(10000);\nconst node = new ListNode(0);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconst c = 0;\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconstFunc();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunction constFunc(): number {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nfunction constant(n: number): void {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst a = 0;\nconst b = 0;\nconst nums = new Array(10000);\nconst node = new ListNode(0);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconst c = 0;\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconstFunc();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nvoid constant(int n) {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfinal int a = 0;\nint b = 0;\nList&lt;int&gt; nums = List.filled(10000, 0);\nListNode node = ListNode(0);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint c = 0;\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfn function() -&gt;i32 {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\n#[allow(unused)]\nfn constant(n: i32) {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst A: i32 = 0;\nlet b = 0;\nlet nums = vec![0; 10000];\nlet node = ListNode::new(0);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor i in 0..n {\nlet c = 0;\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor i in 0..n {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nvoid constant(int n) {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst int a = 0;\nint b = 0;\nint nums[1000];\nListNode *node = newListNode(0);\nfree(node);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint c = 0;\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunc();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{function}\n// \u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfn constant(n: i32) void {\n// \u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst a: i32 = 0;\nvar b: i32 = 0;\nvar nums = [_]i32{0}**10000;\nvar node = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 0};\nvar i: i32 = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\nvar c: i32 = 0;\n_ = c;\n}\n// \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5360\u7528 O(1) \u7a7a\u95f4\ni = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\n_ = function();\n}\n_ = a;\n_ = b;\n_ = nums;\n_ = node;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#2-on","title":"2. \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 \\(O(n)\\)","text":"<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e \\(n\\) \u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u7b49\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>def linear(n: int):\n\"\"\"\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\"\"\"\n# \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nnums = [0] * n\n# \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nhmap = dict[int, str]()\nfor i in range(n):\nhmap[i] = str(i)\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nvoid linear(int n) {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nvector&lt;int&gt; nums(n);\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nvector&lt;ListNode&gt; nodes;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnodes.push_back(ListNode(i));\n}\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nunordered_map&lt;int, string&gt; map;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nmap[i] = to_string(i);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nvoid linear(int n) {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nint[] nums = new int[n];\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nList&lt;ListNode&gt; nodes = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnodes.add(new ListNode(i));\n}\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nMap&lt;Integer, String&gt; map = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nmap.put(i, String.valueOf(i));\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nvoid linear(int n) {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nint[] nums = new int[n];\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nList&lt;ListNode&gt; nodes = new();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnodes.Add(new ListNode(i));\n}\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nDictionary&lt;int, string&gt; map = new();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nmap.Add(i, i.ToString());\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nfunc spaceLinear(n int) {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\n_ = make([]int, n)\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nvar nodes []*node\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nnodes = append(nodes, newNode(i))\n}\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nm := make(map[int]string, n)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nm[i] = strconv.Itoa(i)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nfunc linear(n: Int) {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet nums = Array(repeating: 0, count: n)\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet nodes = (0 ..&lt; n).map { ListNode(x: $0) }\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet map = Dictionary(uniqueKeysWithValues: (0 ..&lt; n).map { ($0, \"\\($0)\") })\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nfunction linear(n) {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst nums = new Array(n);\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst nodes = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnodes.push(new ListNode(i));\n}\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst map = new Map();\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nmap.set(i, i.toString());\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nfunction linear(n: number): void {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst nums = new Array(n);\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst nodes: ListNode[] = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnodes.push(new ListNode(i));\n}\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst map = new Map();\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nmap.set(i, i.toString());\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nvoid linear(int n) {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nList&lt;int&gt; nums = List.filled(n, 0);\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nList&lt;ListNode&gt; nodes = [];\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnodes.add(ListNode(i));\n}\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nMap&lt;int, String&gt; map = HashMap();\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nmap.putIfAbsent(i, () =&gt; i.toString());\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\n#[allow(unused)]\nfn linear(n: i32) {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet mut nums = vec![0; n as usize];\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet mut nodes = Vec::new();\nfor i in 0..n {\nnodes.push(ListNode::new(i))\n}\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet mut map = HashMap::new();\nfor i in 0..n {\nmap.insert(i, i.to_string());\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nstruct hashTable {\nint key;\nint val;\nUT_hash_handle hh; // \u57fa\u4e8e uthash.h \u5b9e\u73b0\n};\ntypedef struct hashTable hashTable;\n/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nvoid linear(int n) {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nint *nums = malloc(sizeof(int) * n);\nfree(nums);\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nListNode **nodes = malloc(sizeof(ListNode *) * n);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnodes[i] = newListNode(i);\n}\n// \u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfree(nodes[i]);\n}\nfree(nodes);\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nhashTable *h = NULL;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nhashTable *tmp = malloc(sizeof(hashTable));\ntmp-&gt;key = i;\ntmp-&gt;val = i;\nHASH_ADD_INT(h, key, tmp);\n}\n// \u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\nhashTable *curr, *tmp;\nHASH_ITER(hh, h, curr, tmp) {\nHASH_DEL(h, curr);\nfree(curr);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfn linear(comptime n: i32) !void {\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nvar nums = [_]i32{0}**n;\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nvar nodes = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer nodes.deinit();\nvar i: i32 = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\ntry nodes.append(i);\n}\n// \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n) \u7a7a\u95f4\nvar map = std.AutoArrayHashMap(i32, []const u8).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer map.deinit();\nvar j: i32 = 0;\nwhile (j &lt; n) : (j += 1) {\nconst string = try std.fmt.allocPrint(std.heap.page_allocator, \"{d}\", .{j});\ndefer std.heap.page_allocator.free(string);\ntry map.put(i, string);\n}\n_ = nums;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 2-17 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5373\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u672a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 <code>linear_recur()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>def linear_recur(n: int):\n\"\"\"\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\"\"\"\nprint(\"\u9012\u5f52 n =\", n)\nif n == 1:\nreturn\nlinear_recur(n - 1)\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nvoid linearRecur(int n) {\ncout &lt;&lt; \"\u9012\u5f52 n = \" &lt;&lt; n &lt;&lt; endl;\nif (n == 1)\nreturn;\nlinearRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nvoid linearRecur(int n) {\nSystem.out.println(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = \" + n);\nif (n == 1)\nreturn;\nlinearRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nvoid linearRecur(int n) {\nConsole.WriteLine(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = \" + n);\nif (n == 1) return;\nlinearRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunc spaceLinearRecur(n int) {\nfmt.Println(\"\u9012\u5f52 n =\", n)\nif n == 1 {\nreturn\n}\nspaceLinearRecur(n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunc linearRecur(n: Int) {\nprint(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = \\(n)\")\nif n == 1 {\nreturn\n}\nlinearRecur(n: n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction linearRecur(n) {\nconsole.log(`\u9012\u5f52 n = ${n}`);\nif (n === 1) return;\nlinearRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction linearRecur(n: number): void {\nconsole.log(`\u9012\u5f52 n = ${n}`);\nif (n === 1) return;\nlinearRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nvoid linearRecur(int n) {\nprint('\u9012\u5f52 n = $n');\nif (n == 1) return;\nlinearRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfn linear_recur(n: i32) {\nprintln!(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = {}\", n);\nif n == 1 {return};\nlinear_recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nvoid linearRecur(int n) {\nprintf(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = %d\\r\\n\", n);\nif (n == 1)\nreturn;\nlinearRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\nfn linearRecur(comptime n: i32) void {\nstd.debug.print(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = {}\\n\", .{n});\nif (n == 1) return;\nlinearRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-17 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#3-on2","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 \\(O(n^2)\\)","text":"<p>\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u77e9\u9635\u548c\u56fe\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e \\(n\\) \u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>def quadratic(n: int):\n\"\"\"\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\"\"\"\n# \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nnum_matrix = [[0] * n for _ in range(n)]\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nvoid quadratic(int n) {\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; numMatrix;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nvector&lt;int&gt; tmp;\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ntmp.push_back(0);\n}\nnumMatrix.push_back(tmp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nvoid quadratic(int n) {\n// \u77e9\u9635\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nint[][] numMatrix = new int[n][n];\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; numList = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; tmp = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ntmp.add(0);\n}\nnumList.add(tmp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nvoid quadratic(int n) {\n// \u77e9\u9635\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nint[,] numMatrix = new int[n, n];\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; numList = new();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nList&lt;int&gt; tmp = new();\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ntmp.Add(0);\n}\nnumList.Add(tmp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nfunc spaceQuadratic(n int) {\n// \u77e9\u9635\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nnumMatrix := make([][]int, n)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nnumMatrix[i] = make([]int, n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nfunc quadratic(n: Int) {\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet numList = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: n), count: n)\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nfunction quadratic(n) {\n// \u77e9\u9635\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst numMatrix = Array(n)\n.fill(null)\n.map(() =&gt; Array(n).fill(null));\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst numList = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconst tmp = [];\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ntmp.push(0);\n}\nnumList.push(tmp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nfunction quadratic(n: number): void {\n// \u77e9\u9635\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst numMatrix = Array(n)\n.fill(null)\n.map(() =&gt; Array(n).fill(null));\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nconst numList = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconst tmp = [];\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ntmp.push(0);\n}\nnumList.push(tmp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nvoid quadratic(int n) {\n// \u77e9\u9635\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; numMatrix = List.generate(n, (_) =&gt; List.filled(n, 0));\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; numList = [];\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nList&lt;int&gt; tmp = [];\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ntmp.add(0);\n}\nnumList.add(tmp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\n#[allow(unused)]\nfn quadratic(n: i32) {\n// \u77e9\u9635\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet num_matrix = vec![vec![0; n as usize]; n as usize];\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nlet mut num_list = Vec::new();\nfor i in 0..n {\nlet mut tmp = Vec::new();\nfor j in 0..n {\ntmp.push(0);\n}\nnum_list.push(tmp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nvoid quadratic(int n) {\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nint **numMatrix = malloc(sizeof(int *) * n);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint *tmp = malloc(sizeof(int) * n);\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ntmp[j] = 0;\n}\nnumMatrix[i] = tmp;\n}\n// \u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfree(numMatrix[i]);\n}\nfree(numMatrix);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\nfn quadratic(n: i32) !void {\n// \u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5360\u7528 O(n^2) \u7a7a\u95f4\nvar nodes = std.ArrayList(std.ArrayList(i32)).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer nodes.deinit();\nvar i: i32 = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\nvar tmp = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer tmp.deinit();\nvar j: i32 = 0;\nwhile (j &lt; n) : (j += 1) {\ntry tmp.append(0);\n}\ntry nodes.append(tmp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 2-18 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u90fd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(n\\)\u3001\\(n-1\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n / 2\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>def quadratic_recur(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\"\"\"\nif n &lt;= 0:\nreturn 0\n# \u6570\u7ec4 nums \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n, n-1, ..., 2, 1\nnums = [0] * n\nreturn quadratic_recur(n - 1)\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint quadraticRecur(int n) {\nif (n &lt;= 0)\nreturn 0;\nvector&lt;int&gt; nums(n);\ncout &lt;&lt; \"\u9012\u5f52 n = \" &lt;&lt; n &lt;&lt; \" \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = \" &lt;&lt; nums.size() &lt;&lt; endl;\nreturn quadraticRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint quadraticRecur(int n) {\nif (n &lt;= 0)\nreturn 0;\n// \u6570\u7ec4 nums \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n, n-1, ..., 2, 1\nint[] nums = new int[n];\nSystem.out.println(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = \" + n + \" \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = \" + nums.length);\nreturn quadraticRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint quadraticRecur(int n) {\nif (n &lt;= 0) return 0;\nint[] nums = new int[n];\nConsole.WriteLine(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = \" + n + \" \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = \" + nums.Length);\nreturn quadraticRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunc spaceQuadraticRecur(n int) int {\nif n &lt;= 0 {\nreturn 0\n}\nnums := make([]int, n)\nfmt.Printf(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = %d \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = %d \\n\", n, len(nums))\nreturn spaceQuadraticRecur(n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\n@discardableResult\nfunc quadraticRecur(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nif n &lt;= 0 {\nreturn 0\n}\n// \u6570\u7ec4 nums \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n, n-1, ..., 2, 1\nlet nums = Array(repeating: 0, count: n)\nprint(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = \\(n) \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = \\(nums.count)\")\nreturn quadraticRecur(n: n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction quadraticRecur(n) {\nif (n &lt;= 0) return 0;\nconst nums = new Array(n);\nconsole.log(`\u9012\u5f52 n = ${n} \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = ${nums.length}`);\nreturn quadraticRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction quadraticRecur(n: number): number {\nif (n &lt;= 0) return 0;\nconst nums = new Array(n);\nconsole.log(`\u9012\u5f52 n = ${n} \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = ${nums.length}`);\nreturn quadraticRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint quadraticRecur(int n) {\nif (n &lt;= 0) return 0;\nList&lt;int&gt; nums = List.filled(n, 0);\nprint('\u9012\u5f52 n = $n \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = ${nums.length}');\nreturn quadraticRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfn quadratic_recur(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nif n &lt;= 0 {return 0};\n// \u6570\u7ec4 nums \u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n, n-1, ..., 2, 1\nlet nums = vec![0; n as usize];\nprintln!(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = {} \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = {}\", n, nums.len());\nreturn quadratic_recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint quadraticRecur(int n) {\nif (n &lt;= 0)\nreturn 0;\nint *nums = malloc(sizeof(int) * n);\nprintf(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = %d \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = %d\\r\\n\", n, n);\nint res = quadraticRecur(n - 1);\nfree(nums);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\nfn quadraticRecur(comptime n: i32) i32 {\nif (n &lt;= 0) return 0;\nvar nums = [_]i32{0}**n;\nstd.debug.print(\"\u9012\u5f52 n = {} \u4e2d\u7684 nums \u957f\u5ea6 = {}\\n\", .{n, nums.len});\nreturn quadraticRecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-18 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#4-o2n","title":"4. \u00a0 \u6307\u6570\u9636 \\(O(2^n)\\)","text":"<p>\u6307\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 2-19 \uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u201c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(2^n - 1\\) \uff0c\u5360\u7528 \\(O(2^n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>def build_tree(n: int) -&gt; TreeNode | None:\n\"\"\"\u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09\"\"\"\nif n == 0:\nreturn None\nroot = TreeNode(0)\nroot.left = build_tree(n - 1)\nroot.right = build_tree(n - 1)\nreturn root\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nTreeNode *buildTree(int n) {\nif (n == 0)\nreturn nullptr;\nTreeNode *root = new TreeNode(0);\nroot-&gt;left = buildTree(n - 1);\nroot-&gt;right = buildTree(n - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nTreeNode buildTree(int n) {\nif (n == 0)\nreturn null;\nTreeNode root = new TreeNode(0);\nroot.left = buildTree(n - 1);\nroot.right = buildTree(n - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nTreeNode? buildTree(int n) {\nif (n == 0) return null;\nTreeNode root = new TreeNode(0);\nroot.left = buildTree(n - 1);\nroot.right = buildTree(n - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nfunc buildTree(n int) *treeNode {\nif n == 0 {\nreturn nil\n}\nroot := newTreeNode(0)\nroot.left = buildTree(n - 1)\nroot.right = buildTree(n - 1)\nreturn root\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nfunc buildTree(n: Int) -&gt; TreeNode? {\nif n == 0 {\nreturn nil\n}\nlet root = TreeNode(x: 0)\nroot.left = buildTree(n: n - 1)\nroot.right = buildTree(n: n - 1)\nreturn root\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nfunction buildTree(n) {\nif (n === 0) return null;\nconst root = new TreeNode(0);\nroot.left = buildTree(n - 1);\nroot.right = buildTree(n - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nfunction buildTree(n: number): TreeNode | null {\nif (n === 0) return null;\nconst root = new TreeNode(0);\nroot.left = buildTree(n - 1);\nroot.right = buildTree(n - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nTreeNode? buildTree(int n) {\nif (n == 0) return null;\nTreeNode root = TreeNode(0);\nroot.left = buildTree(n - 1);\nroot.right = buildTree(n - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nfn build_tree(n: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt; {\nif n == 0 {return None};\nlet root = TreeNode::new(0);\nroot.borrow_mut().left = build_tree(n - 1);\nroot.borrow_mut().right = build_tree(n - 1);\nreturn Some(root);\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09 */\nTreeNode *buildTree(int n) {\nif (n == 0)\nreturn NULL;\nTreeNode *root = newTreeNode(0);\nroot-&gt;left = buildTree(n - 1);\nroot-&gt;right = buildTree(n - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5efa\u7acb\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff09\nfn buildTree(mem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator, n: i32) !?*inc.TreeNode(i32) {\nif (n == 0) return null;\nconst root = try mem_allocator.create(inc.TreeNode(i32));\nroot.init(0);\nroot.left = try buildTree(mem_allocator, n - 1);\nroot.right = try buildTree(mem_allocator, n - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-19 \u00a0 \u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6307\u6570\u9636\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#5-olog-n","title":"5. \u00a0 \u5bf9\u6570\u9636 \\(O(\\log n)\\)","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u9012\u5f52\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u534a\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log n\\) \u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u518d\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\u4e3a \\(\\log_{10} n + 1\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log_{10} n + 1\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log_{10} n + 1) = O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#244","title":"2.4.4 \u00a0 \u6743\u8861\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4","text":"<p>\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4f18\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u964d\u4f4e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u727a\u7272\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u601d\u8def\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5219\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u601d\u8def\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u770b\u91cd\u54ea\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7a7a\u95f4\u66f4\u5b9d\u8d35\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u201c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u66f4\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/summary/","title":"2.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u8bc4\u4f30</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u52a3\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6307\u6807\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u96be\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e14\u4f1a\u8017\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u3002</li> <li>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u514b\u670d\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u63ed\u793a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u968f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u6216\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7cbe\u786e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u5927 \\(O\\) \u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u5f53 \\(n\\) \u8d8b\u5411\u6b63\u65e0\u7a77\u65f6\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf \\(T(n)\\) \u7684\u589e\u957f\u7ea7\u522b\u3002</li> <li>\u63a8\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u7edf\u8ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5224\u65ad\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\u6709 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\\(O(\\log n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n \\log n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n^2)\\)\u3001\\(O(2^n)\\) \u548c \\(O(n!)\\) \u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u975e\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u6709\u5173\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u4e3a\u6700\u5dee\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e25\u683c\u6761\u4ef6\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</li> <li>\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53cd\u6620\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u968f\u673a\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9700\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u4ee5\u53ca\u7efc\u5408\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u671f\u671b\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</p> <ul> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u968f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8ba1\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u6307\u4ee4\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u901a\u5e38\u4ec5\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u6700\u5dee\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6700\u5dee\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4e0b\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\u6709 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\\(O(\\log n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n^2)\\) \u548c \\(O(2^n)\\) \u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Java\u3001Python\u3001C++\u3001Go\u3001C# \u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u4f18\u5316\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\uff08function\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u72ec\u7acb\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u4ee5\u663e\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08method\uff09\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u88ab\u9690\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee5\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u3002</p> <ul> <li>C \u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\uff08struct\uff09\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>Java \u548c C# \u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff08\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u88ab\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u7c7b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>C++ \u548c Python \u65e2\u652f\u6301\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe\u201c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b\u201d\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u5927\u5c0f\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u56fe\u7247\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u53d6 \\(n = 8\\) \uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u6bcf\u6761\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u503c\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6761\u66f2\u7ebf\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\u9879\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u89c9\u8212\u9002\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u201d\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ec5\u51ed\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6765\u9009\u62e9 \\(n = 8\\) \u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e \\(n = 8^5\\) \u5c31\u5f88\u597d\u9009\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e86\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/","title":"2.3 \u00a0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u4e14\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u51c6\u786e\u9884\u4f30\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u5462\uff1f</p> <ol> <li>\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u8bc4\u4f30\u5404\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u52a0\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c <code>+</code> \u9700\u8981 1 ns \uff0c\u4e58\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c <code>*</code> \u9700\u8981 10 ns \uff0c\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c <code>print()</code> \u9700\u8981 5 ns \u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u7edf\u8ba1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code># \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\ndef algorithm(n: int):\na = 2      # 1 ns\na = a + 1  # 1 ns\na = a * 2  # 10 ns\n# \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in range(n):  # 1 ns\nprint(0)        # 5 ns\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2;  // 1 ns\na = a + 1;  // 1 ns\na = a * 2;  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {  // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;         // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2;  // 1 ns\na = a + 1;  // 1 ns\na = a * 2;  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {  // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nSystem.out.println(0);     // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2;  // 1 ns\na = a + 1;  // 1 ns\na = a * 2;  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {  // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nConsole.WriteLine(0);      // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfunc algorithm(n int) {\na := 2     // 1 ns\na = a + 1  // 1 ns\na = a * 2  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {  // 1 ns\nfmt.Println(a)        // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfunc algorithm(n: Int) {\nvar a = 2 // 1 ns\na = a + 1 // 1 ns\na = a * 2 // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n { // 1 ns\nprint(0) // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfunction algorithm(n) {\nvar a = 2; // 1 ns\na = a + 1; // 1 ns\na = a * 2; // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor(let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nconsole.log(0); // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfunction algorithm(n: number): void {\nvar a: number = 2; // 1 ns\na = a + 1; // 1 ns\na = a * 2; // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor(let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nconsole.log(0); // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2; // 1 ns\na = a + 1; // 1 ns\na = a * 2; // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nprint(0); // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfn algorithm(n: i32) {\nlet mut a = 2;      // 1 ns\na = a + 1;          // 1 ns\na = a * 2;          // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in 0..n {     // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);  // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2;  // 1 ns\na = a + 1;  // 1 ns\na = a * 2;  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {   // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);            // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a \\(6n + 12\\) ns \uff1a</p> \\[ 1 + 1 + 10 + (1 + 5) \\times n = 6n + 12 \\] <p>\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u65e2\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u4e5f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u9884\u4f30\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u83b7\u77e5\u6bcf\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ed9\u9884\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#231","title":"2.3.1 \u00a0 \u7edf\u8ba1\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf","text":"<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u53d8\u5927\u65f6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002</p> <p>\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u6bd4\u8f83\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570 <code>A</code>\u3001<code>B</code> \u548c <code>C</code> \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code># \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\ndef algorithm_A(n: int):\nprint(0)\n# \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\ndef algorithm_B(n: int):\nfor _ in range(n):\nprint(0)\n# \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\ndef algorithm_C(n: int):\nfor _ in range(1000000):\nprint(0)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithm_A(n int) {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunc algorithm_B(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithm_C(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithmA(n: Int) {\nprint(0)\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunc algorithmB(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithmC(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; 1000000 {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_A(n) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunction algorithm_B(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_C(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_A(n: number): void {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunction algorithm_B(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_C(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithmA(int n) {\nprint(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithmB(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithmC(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfn algorithm_A(n: i32) {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfn algorithm_B(n: i32) {\nfor _ in 0..n {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfn algorithm_C(n: i32) {\nfor _ in 0..1000000 {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-7 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u53ea\u6709 \\(1\\) \u4e2a\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u589e\u5927\u800c\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u201c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(n\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u589e\u5927\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>C</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(1000000\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5f88\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 <code>C</code> \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c <code>A</code> \u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4ecd\u4e3a\u201c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u201d\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-7 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5 A\u3001B \u548c C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf </p> <p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u5462\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5728 \\(n &gt; 1\\) \u65f6\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u66f4\u6162\uff0c\u5728 \\(n &gt; 1000000\\) \u65f6\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>C</code> \u66f4\u6162\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u8db3\u591f\u5927\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u201c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f18\u4e8e\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u7b80\u4fbf\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u578b\u90fd\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u89c6\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u201c\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u201c\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u201d\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4ee5\u6765\u4f30\u7b97\u96be\u5ea6\u5c31\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u548c <code>C</code> \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6bd4 <code>C</code> \u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>C</code> \u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u4ec5\u51ed\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5224\u65ad\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8bc4\u5224\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u6700\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#232","title":"2.3.2 \u00a0 \u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def algorithm(n: int):\na = 1      # +1\na = a + 1  # +1\na = a * 2  # +1\n# \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor i in range(n):  # +1\nprint(0)        # +1\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +1\na = a + 1;  // +1\na = a * 2;  // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;    // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +1\na = a + 1;  // +1\na = a * 2;  // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nSystem.out.println(0);    // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +1\na = a + 1;  // +1\na = a * 2;  // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {   // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nConsole.WriteLine(0);   // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n int) {\na := 1      // +1\na = a + 1   // +1\na = a * 2   // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {   // +1\nfmt.Println(a)         // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n: Int) {\nvar a = 1 // +1\na = a + 1 // +1\na = a * 2 // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n { // +1\nprint(0) // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n) {\nvar a = 1; // +1\na += 1; // +1\na *= 2; // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor(let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++){ // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nconsole.log(0); // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n: number): void{\nvar a: number = 1; // +1\na += 1; // +1\na *= 2; // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor(let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++){ // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nconsole.log(0); // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +1\na = a + 1; // +1\na = a * 2; // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nprint(0); // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>fn algorithm(n: i32) {\nlet mut a = 1;   // +1\na = a + 1;      // +1\na = a * 2;      // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in 0..n { // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0); // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +1\na = a + 1;  // +1\na = a * 2;  // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {   // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);            // +1\n}\n}  </code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u8bbe\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(T(n)\\) \uff0c\u5219\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ T(n) = 3 + 2n \\] <p>\\(T(n)\\) \u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b66\u7b26\u53f7\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5927 \\(O\\) \u8bb0\u53f7 big-\\(O\\) notation\u300d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570 \\(T(n)\\) \u7684\u300c\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c asymptotic upper bound\u300d\u3002</p> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u201c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u51fd\u6570 \\(T(n)\\)\u201d\u7684\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u5176\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c</p> <p>\u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u5b9e\u6570 \\(c\\) \u548c\u5b9e\u6570 \\(n_0\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7684 \\(n &gt; n_0\\) \uff0c\u5747\u6709 \\(T(n) \\leq c \\cdot f(n)\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u8ba4\u4e3a \\(f(n)\\) \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86 \\(T(n)\\) \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(T(n) = O(f(n))\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 2-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\u5c31\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570 \\(f(n)\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f53 \\(n\\) \u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\\(T(n)\\) \u548c \\(f(n)\\) \u5904\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u4ec5\u76f8\u5dee\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\u9879 \\(c\\) \u7684\u500d\u6570\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-8 \u00a0 \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#233","title":"2.3.3 \u00a0 \u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5473\u513f\u6709\u70b9\u91cd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u611f\u89c9\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u987b\u62c5\u5fc3\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6570\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u6e10\u9886\u609f\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a \\(f(n)\\) \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(f(n))\\) \u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u5b9a\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c \\(f(n)\\) \u5462\uff1f\u603b\u4f53\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u7edf\u8ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5224\u65ad\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf","text":"<p>\u9488\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u9010\u884c\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0 \\(c \\cdot f(n)\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879 \\(c\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u4efb\u610f\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf \\(T(n)\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7cfb\u6570\u3001\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8ba1\u6570\u7b80\u5316\u6280\u5de7\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5ffd\u7565 \\(T(n)\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u4e0e \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> <li>\u7701\u7565\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5faa\u73af \\(2n\\) \u6b21\u3001\\(5n + 1\\) \u6b21\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u524d\u9762\u7684\u7cfb\u6570\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u5d4c\u5957\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e58\u6cd5\u3002\u603b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u79ef\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u5957\u7528\u7b2c <code>1.</code> \u70b9\u548c\u7b2c <code>2.</code> \u70b9\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6280\u5de7\u6765\u7edf\u8ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def algorithm(n: int):\na = 1      # +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n  # +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n# +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i in range(5 * n + 1):\nprint(0)\n# +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i in range(2 * n):\nfor j in range(n + 1):\nprint(0)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n int) {\na := 1     // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i := 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i := 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++ {\nfor j := 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n: Int) {\nvar a = 1 // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; (5 * n + 1) {\nprint(0)\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; (2 * n) {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; (n + 1) {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n) {\nlet a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n: number): void {\nlet a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>fn algorithm(n: i32) {\nlet mut a = 1;     // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;        // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i in 0..(5 * n + 1) {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i in 0..(2 * n) {\nfor j in 0..(n + 1) {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u516c\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6280\u5de7\u524d\u540e\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} T(n) &amp; = 2n(n + 1) + (5n + 1) + 2 &amp; \\text{\u5b8c\u6574\u7edf\u8ba1 (-.-|||)} \\newline &amp; = 2n^2 + 7n + 3 \\newline T(n) &amp; = n^2 + n &amp; \\text{\u5077\u61d2\u7edf\u8ba1 (o.O)} \\end{aligned} \\]"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c","text":"<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7531\u591a\u9879\u5f0f \\(T(n)\\) \u4e2d\u6700\u9ad8\u9636\u7684\u9879\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728 \\(n\\) \u8d8b\u4e8e\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u9636\u7684\u9879\u5c06\u53d1\u6325\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002</p> <p>\u8868 2-2 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5938\u5f20\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u7cfb\u6570\u65e0\u6cd5\u64bc\u52a8\u9636\u6570\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u5f53 \\(n\\) \u8d8b\u4e8e\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u6570\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 2-2 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> \u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf \\(T(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(f(n))\\) \\(100000\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(3n + 2\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(2n^2 + 3n + 2\\) \\(O(n^2)\\) \\(n^3 + 10000n^2\\) \\(O(n^3)\\) \\(2^n + 10000n^{10000}\\) \\(O(2^n)\\)"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#234","title":"2.3.4 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b\u5982\u56fe 2-9 \u6240\u793a\uff08\u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff09\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} O(1) &lt; O(\\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \\log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!) \\newline \\text{\u5e38\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u5bf9\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u7ebf\u6027\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u5e73\u65b9\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u6307\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u9636\u4e58\u9636} \\end{aligned} \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-9 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#1-o1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5e38\u6570\u9636 \\(O(1)\\)","text":"<p>\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf <code>size</code> \u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def constant(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5e38\u6570\u9636\"\"\"\ncount = 0\nsize = 100000\nfor _ in range(size):\ncount += 1\nreturn count\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nint constant(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nint size = 100000;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++)\ncount++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nint constant(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nint size = 100000;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++)\ncount++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nint constant(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nint size = 100000;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++)\ncount++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nfunc constant(n int) int {\ncount := 0\nsize := 100000\nfor i := 0; i &lt; size; i++ {\ncount++\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nfunc constant(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar count = 0\nlet size = 100_000\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; size {\ncount += 1\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nfunction constant(n) {\nlet count = 0;\nconst size = 100000;\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) count++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nfunction constant(n: number): number {\nlet count = 0;\nconst size = 100000;\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) count++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nint constant(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nint size = 100000;\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nfn constant(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n_ = n;\nlet mut count = 0;\nlet size = 100_000;\nfor _ in 0..size {\ncount += 1;\n}\ncount\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u5e38\u6570\u9636 */\nint constant(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nint size = 100000;\nint i = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfn constant(n: i32) i32 {\n_ = n;\nvar count: i32 = 0;\nconst size: i32 = 100_000;\nvar i: i32 = 0;\nwhile(i&lt;size) : (i += 1) {\ncount += 1;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#2-on","title":"2. \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 \\(O(n)\\)","text":"<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u4ee5\u7ebf\u6027\u7ea7\u522b\u589e\u957f\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u901a\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def linear(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\"\"\"\ncount = 0\nfor _ in range(n):\ncount += 1\nreturn count\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nint linear(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++)\ncount++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nint linear(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++)\ncount++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nint linear(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++)\ncount++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nfunc linear(n int) int {\ncount := 0\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\ncount++\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nfunc linear(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar count = 0\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\ncount += 1\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nfunction linear(n) {\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) count++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nfunction linear(n: number): number {\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) count++;\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nint linear(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nfn linear(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut count = 0;\nfor _ in 0..n {\ncount += 1;\n}\ncount\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 */\nint linear(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfn linear(n: i32) i32 {\nvar count: i32 = 0;\nvar i: i32 = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\ncount += 1;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def array_traversal(nums: list[int]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\"\"\"\ncount = 0\n# \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor num in nums:\ncount += 1\nreturn count\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nint arrayTraversal(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nint arrayTraversal(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nint arrayTraversal(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nforeach (int num in nums) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nfunc arrayTraversal(nums []int) int {\ncount := 0\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor range nums {\ncount++\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nfunc arrayTraversal(nums: [Int]) -&gt; Int {\nvar count = 0\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor _ in nums {\ncount += 1\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nfunction arrayTraversal(nums) {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nfunction arrayTraversal(nums: number[]): number {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nint arrayTraversal(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor (var num in nums) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nfn array_traversal(nums: &amp;[i32]) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor _ in nums {\ncount += 1;\n}\ncount\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09 */\nint arrayTraversal(int *nums, int n) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u7ebf\u6027\u9636\uff08\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\nfn arrayTraversal(nums: []i32) i32 {\nvar count: i32 = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\nfor (nums) |_| {\ncount += 1;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u9700\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u5177\u4f53\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\uff1b\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#3-on2","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 \\(O(n^2)\\)","text":"<p>\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u4ee5\u5e73\u65b9\u7ea7\u522b\u589e\u957f\u3002\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u901a\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def quadratic(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\"\"\"\ncount = 0\n# \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor i in range(n):\nfor j in range(n):\ncount += 1\nreturn count\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nint quadratic(int n) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nint quadratic(int n) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nint quadratic(int n) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nfunc quadratic(n int) int {\ncount := 0\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nfor j := 0; j &lt; n; j++ {\ncount++\n}\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nfunc quadratic(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar count = 0\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\ncount += 1\n}\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nfunction quadratic(n) {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nfunction quadratic(n: number): number {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nint quadratic(int n) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nfn quadratic(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor _ in 0..n {\nfor _ in 0..n {\ncount += 1;\n}\n}\ncount\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 */\nint quadratic(int n) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\nfn quadratic(n: i32) i32 {\nvar count: i32 = 0;\nvar i: i32 = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\nvar j: i32 = 0;\nwhile (j &lt; n) : (j += 1) {\ncount += 1;\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-10 \u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u3001\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u548c\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u4e09\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-10 \u00a0 \u5e38\u6570\u9636\u3001\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u548c\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u4ee5\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c \\(n - 1\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c \\(n-1\\)\u3001\\(n-2\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u4e3a \\(n / 2\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O((n - 1) n / 2) = O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def bubble_sort(nums: list[int]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\"\"\"\ncount = 0  # \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n# \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i in range(len(nums) - 1, 0, -1):\n# \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor j in range(i):\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]:\n# \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\ntmp: int = nums[j]\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1]\nnums[j + 1] = tmp\ncount += 3  # \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn count\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nint bubbleSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\nint count = 0; // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.size() - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\ncount += 3; // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nint bubbleSort(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0; // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\ncount += 3; // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nint bubbleSort(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0;  // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.Length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\n(nums[j + 1], nums[j]) = (nums[j], nums[j + 1]);\ncount += 3;  // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfunc bubbleSort(nums []int) int {\ncount := 0 // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i := len(nums) - 1; i &gt; 0; i-- {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor j := 0; j &lt; i; j++ {\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j+1] {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\ntmp := nums[j]\nnums[j] = nums[j+1]\nnums[j+1] = tmp\ncount += 3 // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfunc bubbleSort(nums: inout [Int]) -&gt; Int {\nvar count = 0 // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, to: 0, by: -1) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nfor j in 0 ..&lt; i {\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1] {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j]\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1]\nnums[j + 1] = tmp\ncount += 3 // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfunction bubbleSort(nums) {\nlet count = 0; // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\ncount += 3; // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfunction bubbleSort(nums: number[]): number {\nlet count = 0; // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\ncount += 3; // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nint bubbleSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\nint count = 0; // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (var i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (var j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\ncount += 3; // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfn bubble_sort(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut count = 0; // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i in (1..nums.len()).rev() {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nfor j in 0..i {\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1] {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\ncount += 3; // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\ncount\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nint bubbleSort(int *nums, int n) {\nint count = 0; // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\ncount += 3; // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u5e73\u65b9\u9636\uff08\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\nfn bubbleSort(nums: []i32) i32 {\nvar count: i32 = 0;  // \u8ba1\u6570\u5668 \n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nvar i: i32 = @as(i32, @intCast(nums.len)) - 1;\nwhile (i &gt; 0) : (i -= 1) {\nvar j: usize = 0;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nwhile (j &lt; i) : (j += 1) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nvar tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\ncount += 3;  // \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5305\u542b 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\n}\n}\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#4-o2n","title":"4. \u00a0 \u6307\u6570\u9636 \\(O(2^n)\\)","text":"<p>\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u201d\u662f\u6307\u6570\u9636\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5206\u88c2\u4e00\u8f6e\u540e\u53d8\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u4e2a\uff0c\u5206\u88c2\u4e24\u8f6e\u540e\u53d8\u4e3a \\(4\\) \u4e2a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u5206\u88c2 \\(n\\) \u8f6e\u540e\u6709 \\(2^n\\) \u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 2-11 \u548c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def exponential(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\"\"\"\ncount = 0\nbase = 1\n# \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor _ in range(n):\nfor _ in range(base):\ncount += 1\nbase *= 2\n# count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint exponential(int n) {\nint count = 0, base = 1;\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; base; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\nbase *= 2;\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint exponential(int n) {\nint count = 0, base = 1;\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; base; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\nbase *= 2;\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint exponential(int n) {\nint count = 0, bas = 1;\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; bas; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\nbas *= 2;\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09*/\nfunc exponential(n int) int {\ncount, base := 0, 1\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nfor j := 0; j &lt; base; j++ {\ncount++\n}\nbase *= 2\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunc exponential(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar count = 0\nvar base = 1\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; base {\ncount += 1\n}\nbase *= 2\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction exponential(n) {\nlet count = 0,\nbase = 1;\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; base; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\nbase *= 2;\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction exponential(n: number): number {\nlet count = 0,\nbase = 1;\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; base; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\nbase *= 2;\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint exponential(int n) {\nint count = 0, base = 1;\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (var j = 0; j &lt; base; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\nbase *= 2;\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfn exponential(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut count = 0;\nlet mut base = 1;\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor _ in 0..n {\nfor _ in 0..base {\ncount += 1\n}\nbase *= 2;\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\ncount\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint exponential(int n) {\nint count = 0;\nint bas = 1;\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; bas; j++) {\ncount++;\n}\nbas *= 2;\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\nfn exponential(n: i32) i32 {\nvar count: i32 = 0;\nvar bas: i32 = 1;\nvar i: i32 = 0;\n// \u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6570\u5217 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\nvar j: i32 = 0;\nwhile (j &lt; bas) : (j += 1) {\ncount += 1;\n}\nbas *= 2;\n}\n// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-11 \u00a0 \u6307\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7 \\(n\\) \u6b21\u5206\u88c2\u540e\u505c\u6b62\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def exp_recur(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\"\"\"\nif n == 1:\nreturn 1\nreturn exp_recur(n - 1) + exp_recur(n - 1) + 1\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint expRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 1)\nreturn 1;\nreturn expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint expRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 1)\nreturn 1;\nreturn expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint expRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return 1;\nreturn expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09*/\nfunc expRecur(n int) int {\nif n == 1 {\nreturn 1\n}\nreturn expRecur(n-1) + expRecur(n-1) + 1\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunc expRecur(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nif n == 1 {\nreturn 1\n}\nreturn expRecur(n: n - 1) + expRecur(n: n - 1) + 1\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction expRecur(n) {\nif (n === 1) return 1;\nreturn expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction expRecur(n: number): number {\nif (n === 1) return 1;\nreturn expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint expRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return 1;\nreturn expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfn exp_recur(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nif n == 1 {\nreturn 1;\n}\nexp_recur(n - 1) + exp_recur(n - 1) + 1\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint expRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 1)\nreturn 1;\nreturn expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u6307\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\nfn expRecur(n: i32) i32 {\nif (n == 1) return 1;\nreturn expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6307\u6570\u9636\u589e\u957f\u975e\u5e38\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u5728\u7a77\u4e3e\u6cd5\uff08\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u7b49\uff09\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u9636\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u6216\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#5-olog-n","title":"5. \u00a0 \u5bf9\u6570\u9636 \\(O(\\log n)\\)","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u6307\u6570\u9636\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u201c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7f29\u51cf\u5230\u4e00\u534a\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7f29\u51cf\u5230\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u662f \\(\\log_2 n\\) \uff0c\u5373 \\(2^n\\) \u7684\u53cd\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 2-12 \u548c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u201c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7f29\u51cf\u5230\u4e00\u534a\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log_2 n)\\) \uff0c\u7b80\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def logarithmic(n: float) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\"\"\"\ncount = 0\nwhile n &gt; 1:\nn = n / 2\ncount += 1\nreturn count\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logarithmic(float n) {\nint count = 0;\nwhile (n &gt; 1) {\nn = n / 2;\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logarithmic(float n) {\nint count = 0;\nwhile (n &gt; 1) {\nn = n / 2;\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logarithmic(float n) {\nint count = 0;\nwhile (n &gt; 1) {\nn = n / 2;\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09*/\nfunc logarithmic(n float64) int {\ncount := 0\nfor n &gt; 1 {\nn = n / 2\ncount++\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunc logarithmic(n: Double) -&gt; Int {\nvar count = 0\nvar n = n\nwhile n &gt; 1 {\nn = n / 2\ncount += 1\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction logarithmic(n) {\nlet count = 0;\nwhile (n &gt; 1) {\nn = n / 2;\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction logarithmic(n: number): number {\nlet count = 0;\nwhile (n &gt; 1) {\nn = n / 2;\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logarithmic(num n) {\nint count = 0;\nwhile (n &gt; 1) {\nn = n / 2;\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfn logarithmic(mut n: f32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut count = 0;\nwhile n &gt; 1.0 {\nn = n / 2.0;\ncount += 1;\n}\ncount\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logarithmic(float n) {\nint count = 0;\nwhile (n &gt; 1) {\nn = n / 2;\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\nfn logarithmic(n: f32) i32 {\nvar count: i32 = 0;\nvar n_var = n;\nwhile (n_var &gt; 1)\n{\nn_var = n_var / 2;\ncount +=1;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-12 \u00a0 \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u4e0e\u6307\u6570\u9636\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u4e5f\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log_2 n\\) \u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def log_recur(n: float) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\"\"\"\nif n &lt;= 1:\nreturn 0\nreturn log_recur(n / 2) + 1\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logRecur(float n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1)\nreturn 0;\nreturn logRecur(n / 2) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logRecur(float n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1)\nreturn 0;\nreturn logRecur(n / 2) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logRecur(float n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 0;\nreturn logRecur(n / 2) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09*/\nfunc logRecur(n float64) int {\nif n &lt;= 1 {\nreturn 0\n}\nreturn logRecur(n/2) + 1\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunc logRecur(n: Double) -&gt; Int {\nif n &lt;= 1 {\nreturn 0\n}\nreturn logRecur(n: n / 2) + 1\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction logRecur(n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 0;\nreturn logRecur(n / 2) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction logRecur(n: number): number {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 0;\nreturn logRecur(n / 2) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logRecur(num n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 0;\nreturn logRecur(n / 2) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfn log_recur(n: f32) -&gt; i32 {\nif n &lt;= 1.0 {\nreturn 0;\n}\nlog_recur(n / 2.0) + 1\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint logRecur(float n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1)\nreturn 0;\nreturn logRecur(n / 2) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\nfn logRecur(n: f32) i32 {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 0;\nreturn logRecur(n / 2) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5316\u7e41\u4e3a\u7b80\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5b83\u589e\u957f\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u662f\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>\\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7684\u5e95\u6570\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f</p> <p>\u51c6\u786e\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a \\(m\\)\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(\\log_m n)\\) \u3002\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6570\u6362\u5e95\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5e95\u6570\u7684\u3001\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a</p> \\[ O(\\log_m n) = O(\\log_k n / \\log_k m) = O(\\log_k n) \\] <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e95\u6570 \\(m\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7701\u7565\u5e95\u6570 \\(m\\) \uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u76f4\u63a5\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#6-on-log-n","title":"6. \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 \\(O(n \\log n)\\)","text":"<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u548c \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u76f8\u5173\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def linear_log_recur(n: float) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\"\"\"\nif n &lt;= 1:\nreturn 1\ncount: int = linear_log_recur(n // 2) + linear_log_recur(n // 2)\nfor _ in range(n):\ncount += 1\nreturn count\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nint linearLogRecur(float n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1)\nreturn 1;\nint count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) + linearLogRecur(n / 2);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nint linearLogRecur(float n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1)\nreturn 1;\nint count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) +\nlinearLogRecur(n / 2);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nint linearLogRecur(float n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 1;\nint count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) +\nlinearLogRecur(n / 2);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nfunc linearLogRecur(n float64) int {\nif n &lt;= 1 {\nreturn 1\n}\ncount := linearLogRecur(n/2) +\nlinearLogRecur(n/2)\nfor i := 0.0; i &lt; n; i++ {\ncount++\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nfunc linearLogRecur(n: Double) -&gt; Int {\nif n &lt;= 1 {\nreturn 1\n}\nvar count = linearLogRecur(n: n / 2) + linearLogRecur(n: n / 2)\nfor _ in stride(from: 0, to: n, by: 1) {\ncount += 1\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nfunction linearLogRecur(n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 1;\nlet count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) + linearLogRecur(n / 2);\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nfunction linearLogRecur(n: number): number {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 1;\nlet count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) + linearLogRecur(n / 2);\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nint linearLogRecur(num n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 1;\nint count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) + linearLogRecur(n / 2);\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nfn linear_log_recur(n: f32) -&gt; i32 {\nif n &lt;= 1.0 {\nreturn 1;\n}\nlet mut count = linear_log_recur(n / 2.0) + linear_log_recur(n / 2.0);\nfor _ in 0 ..n as i32 {\ncount += 1;\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 */\nint linearLogRecur(float n) {\nif (n &lt;= 1)\nreturn 1;\nint count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) + linearLogRecur(n / 2);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\nfn linearLogRecur(n: f32) i32 {\nif (n &lt;= 1) return 1;\nvar count: i32 = linearLogRecur(n / 2) +\nlinearLogRecur(n / 2);\nvar i: f32 = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\ncount += 1;\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-13 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u7684\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u603b\u6570\u90fd\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u6811\u5171\u6709 \\(\\log_2 n + 1\\) \u5c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-13 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u4e3b\u6d41\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#7-on","title":"7. \u00a0 \u9636\u4e58\u9636 \\(O(n!)\\)","text":"<p>\u9636\u4e58\u9636\u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5168\u6392\u5217\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u4e92\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6c42\u5176\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ n! = n \\times (n - 1) \\times (n - 2) \\times \\dots \\times 2 \\times 1 \\] <p>\u9636\u4e58\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5982\u56fe 2-14 \u548c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u5206\u88c2\u51fa \\(n\\) \u4e2a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u5206\u88c2\u51fa \\(n - 1\\) \u4e2a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u5c42\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\u5206\u88c2\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>def factorial_recur(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\"\"\"\nif n == 0:\nreturn 1\ncount = 0\n# \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor _ in range(n):\ncount += factorial_recur(n - 1)\nreturn count\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint factorialRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 0)\nreturn 1;\nint count = 0;\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount += factorialRecur(n - 1);\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint factorialRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 0)\nreturn 1;\nint count = 0;\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount += factorialRecur(n - 1);\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint factorialRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 0) return 1;\nint count = 0;\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount += factorialRecur(n - 1);\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunc factorialRecur(n int) int {\nif n == 0 {\nreturn 1\n}\ncount := 0\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\ncount += factorialRecur(n - 1)\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunc factorialRecur(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nif n == 0 {\nreturn 1\n}\nvar count = 0\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\ncount += factorialRecur(n: n - 1)\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction factorialRecur(n) {\nif (n === 0) return 1;\nlet count = 0;\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount += factorialRecur(n - 1);\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfunction factorialRecur(n: number): number {\nif (n === 0) return 1;\nlet count = 0;\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount += factorialRecur(n - 1);\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint factorialRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 0) return 1;\nint count = 0;\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount += factorialRecur(n - 1);\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nfn factorial_recur(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nif n == 0 {\nreturn 1;\n}\nlet mut count = 0;\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nfor _ in 0..n {\ncount += factorial_recur(n - 1);\n}\ncount\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 */\nint factorialRecur(int n) {\nif (n == 0)\nreturn 1;\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncount += factorialRecur(n - 1);\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u9636\u4e58\u9636\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\nfn factorialRecur(n: i32) i32 {\nif (n == 0) return 1;\nvar count: i32 = 0;\nvar i: i32 = 0;\n// \u4ece 1 \u4e2a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa n \u4e2a\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\ncount += factorialRecur(n - 1);\n}\nreturn count;\n}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-14 \u00a0 \u9636\u4e58\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53 \\(n \\geq 4\\) \u65f6\u6052\u6709 \\(n! &gt; 2^n\\) \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9636\u4e58\u9636\u6bd4\u6307\u6570\u9636\u589e\u957f\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u5728 \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5927\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#235","title":"2.3.5 \u00a0 \u6700\u5dee\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>nums</code> \u7531\u4ece \\(1\\) \u81f3 \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u53ea\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff1b\u4f46\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u7684\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7d20 \\(1\\) \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums = [?, ?, ..., 1]</code> \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u672b\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u662f \\(1\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u6574\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums = [1, ?, ?, ...]</code> \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6570\u7ec4\u591a\u957f\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(\\Omega(1)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u201c\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5927 \\(O\\) \u8bb0\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u201c\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0b\u754c\uff0c\u7528 \\(\\Omega\\) \u8bb0\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig worst_best_time_complexity.py<pre><code>def random_numbers(n: int) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a: 1, 2, ..., n \uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71\"\"\"\n# \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums =: 1, 2, 3, ..., n\nnums = [i for i in range(1, n + 1)]\n# \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nrandom.shuffle(nums)\nreturn nums\ndef find_one(nums: list[int]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\"\"\"\nfor i in range(len(nums)):\n# \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n# \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif nums[i] == 1:\nreturn i\nreturn -1\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; randomNumbers(int n) {\nvector&lt;int&gt; nums(n);\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = i + 1;\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u751f\u6210\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50\nunsigned seed = chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count();\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nshuffle(nums.begin(), nums.end(), default_random_engine(seed));\nreturn nums;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint findOne(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.size(); i++) {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif (nums[i] == 1)\nreturn i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.java<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nint[] randomNumbers(int n) {\nInteger[] nums = new Integer[n];\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = i + 1;\n}\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nCollections.shuffle(Arrays.asList(nums));\n// Integer[] -&gt; int[]\nint[] res = new int[n];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nres[i] = nums[i];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint findOne(int[] nums) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif (nums[i] == 1)\nreturn i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.cs<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nint[] randomNumbers(int n) {\nint[] nums = new int[n];\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = i + 1;\n}\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.Length; i++) {\nvar index = new Random().Next(i, nums.Length);\nvar tmp = nums[i];\nvar ran = nums[index];\nnums[i] = ran;\nnums[index] = tmp;\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint findOne(int[] nums) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; nums.Length; i++) {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif (nums[i] == 1)\nreturn i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.go<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nfunc randomNumbers(n int) []int {\nnums := make([]int, n)\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nnums[i] = i + 1\n}\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nrand.Shuffle(len(nums), func(i, j int) {\nnums[i], nums[j] = nums[j], nums[i]\n})\nreturn nums\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc findOne(nums []int) int {\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(nums); i++ {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif nums[i] == 1 {\nreturn i\n}\n}\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.swift<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nfunc randomNumbers(n: Int) -&gt; [Int] {\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nvar nums = Array(1 ... n)\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nnums.shuffle()\nreturn nums\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc findOne(nums: [Int]) -&gt; Int {\nfor i in nums.indices {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif nums[i] == 1 {\nreturn i\n}\n}\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.js<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nfunction randomNumbers(n) {\nconst nums = Array(n);\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = i + 1;\n}\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconst r = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));\nconst temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[r];\nnums[r] = temp;\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunction findOne(nums) {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif (nums[i] === 1) {\nreturn i;\n}\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.ts<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nfunction randomNumbers(n: number): number[] {\nconst nums = Array(n);\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = i + 1;\n}\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconst r = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));\nconst temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[r];\nnums[r] = temp;\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunction findOne(nums: number[]): number {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif (nums[i] === 1) {\nreturn i;\n}\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.dart<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nList&lt;int&gt; randomNumbers(int n) {\nfinal nums = List.filled(n, 0);\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = i + 1;\n}\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nnums.shuffle();\nreturn nums;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint findOne(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif (nums[i] == 1) return i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.rs<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nfn random_numbers(n: i32) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nlet mut nums = (1..=n).collect::&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;();\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nnums.shuffle(&amp;mut thread_rng());\nnums\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfn find_one(nums: &amp;[i32]) -&gt; Option&lt;usize&gt; {\nfor i in 0..nums.len() {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif nums[i] == 1 {\nreturn Some(i);\n}\n}\nNone\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.c<pre><code>/* \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71 */\nint *randomNumbers(int n) {\n// \u5206\u914d\u5806\u533a\u5185\u5b58\uff08\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u7ef4\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a n \uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a int \uff09\nint *nums = (int *)malloc(n * sizeof(int));\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = i + 1;\n}\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\nint j = rand() % (i + 1);\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[j];\nnums[j] = temp;\n}\nreturn nums;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint findOne(int *nums, int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif (nums[i] == 1)\nreturn i;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71\npub fn randomNumbers(comptime n: usize) [n]i32 {\nvar nums: [n]i32 = undefined;\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor (nums) |*num, i| {\nnum.* = @intCast(i32, i) + 1;\n}\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nconst rand = std.crypto.random;\nrand.shuffle(i32, &amp;nums);\nreturn nums;\n}\n// \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\npub fn findOne(nums: []i32) i32 {\nfor (nums) |num, i| {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif (num == 1) return @intCast(i32, i);\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5f88\u5c0f\u6982\u7387\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8bef\u5bfc\u6027\u3002\u800c\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u66f4\u4e3a\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6548\u7387\u5b89\u5168\u503c\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6700\u5dee\u6216\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ea\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u201c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6982\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u73b0\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u968f\u673a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u7528 \\(\\Theta\\) \u8bb0\u53f7\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\u968f\u673a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u4e0b\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5143\u7d20 \\(1\\) \u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6982\u7387\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u534a \\(n / 2\\) \uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\Theta(n / 2) = \\Theta(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u96be\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u4e0b\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6570\u5b66\u671f\u671b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u8bc4\u5224\u6807\u51c6\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f88\u5c11\u770b\u5230 \\(\\Theta\\) \u7b26\u53f7\uff1f</p> <p>\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e8e \\(O\\) \u7b26\u53f7\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6717\u6717\u4e0a\u53e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\)\u201d\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u5176\u76f4\u63a5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a \\(\\Theta(n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/","title":"\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u526f\u7a33\u56fa\u800c\u591a\u6837\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002</p> <p>\u5b83\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u84dd\u56fe\uff0c\u4f7f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u751f\u52a8\u8d77\u6765\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>3.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u7c7b</li> <li>3.2 \u00a0 \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>3.3 \u00a0 \u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801 *</li> <li>3.4 \u00a0 \u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801 *</li> <li>3.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/","title":"3.2 \u00a0 \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u8c08\u53ca\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u6587\u672c\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u30013D \u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u5404\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u7531\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6784\u6210\u3002</p> <p>\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f CPU \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>byte</code>\u3001<code>short</code>\u3001<code>int</code>\u3001<code>long</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>float</code>\u3001<code>double</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5c0f\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u578b <code>char</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b <code>bool</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u201c\u662f\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5426\u201d\u5224\u65ad\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4f4d\u5373\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u6bd4\u7279\u3002\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\\(1\\) \u5b57\u8282\uff08byte\uff09\u7531 \\(8\\) \u6bd4\u7279\uff08bits\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\u3002</p> <p>\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee5 Java \u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>byte</code> \u5360\u7528 \\(1\\) byte = \\(8\\) bits \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a \\(2^{8}\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002</li> <li>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>int</code> \u5360\u7528 \\(4\\) bytes = \\(32\\) bits \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a \\(2^{32}\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8868 3-1 \u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u6b64\u8868\u683c\u65e0\u987b\u786c\u80cc\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u7406\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u8868\u6765\u56de\u5fc6\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 3-1 \u00a0 \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4 </p> \u7c7b\u578b \u7b26\u53f7 \u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4 \u6700\u5c0f\u503c \u6700\u5927\u503c \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c \u6574\u6570 <code>byte</code> 1 byte \\(-2^7\\) (\\(-128\\)) \\(2^7 - 1\\) (\\(127\\)) \\(0\\) <code>short</code> 2 bytes \\(-2^{15}\\) \\(2^{15} - 1\\) \\(0\\) <code>int</code> 4 bytes \\(-2^{31}\\) \\(2^{31} - 1\\) \\(0\\) <code>long</code> 8 bytes \\(-2^{63}\\) \\(2^{63} - 1\\) \\(0\\) \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code> 4 bytes \\(1.175 \\times 10^{-38}\\) \\(3.403 \\times 10^{38}\\) \\(0.0 f\\) <code>double</code> 8 bytes \\(2.225 \\times 10^{-308}\\) \\(1.798 \\times 10^{308}\\) \\(0.0\\) \u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> 2 bytes / 1 byte \\(0\\) \\(2^{16} - 1\\) \\(0\\) \u5e03\u5c14 <code>bool</code> 1 byte \\(\\text{false}\\) \\(\\text{true}\\) \\(\\text{false}\\) <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8868 3-1 \uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>C \u548c C++ \u672a\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u800c\u56e0\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u5e73\u53f0\u5404\u5f02\u3002\u8868 3-1 \u9075\u5faa LP64 \u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u5305\u62ec Linux \u548c macOS \u5728\u5185\u7684 Unix 64 \u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5728 C \u548c C++ \u4e2d\u4e3a 1 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1\u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u201d\u7ae0\u8282\u3002</li> <li>\u5373\u4f7f\u8868\u793a\u5e03\u5c14\u91cf\u4ec5\u9700 1 \u4f4d\uff08\\(0\\) \u6216 \\(1\\)\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a 1 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a CPU \u901a\u5e38\u5c06 1 \u5b57\u8282\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u5c0f\u5bfb\u5740\u5185\u5b58\u5355\u5143\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8054\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u201c\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u800c\u975e\u201c\u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e00\u6392\u6570\u5b57\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u76f8\u90bb\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u987a\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u6574\u6570 <code>int</code>\u3001\u5c0f\u6570 <code>float</code> \u6216\u662f\u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> \uff0c\u5219\u4e0e\u201c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u65e0\u5173\u3002</p> <p>\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u201c\u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u201c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec <code>int</code>\u3001<code>float</code>\u3001<code>char</code>\u3001<code>bool</code> \u7b49\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code># \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nnumbers: list[int] = [0] * 5\ndecimals: list[float] = [0.0] * 5\n# Python \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5e94\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4e00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\ncharacters: list[str] = ['0'] * 5\nbools: list[bool] = [False] * 5\n# Python \u7684\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5b58\u50a8\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f15\u7528\ndata = [0, 0.0, 'a', False, ListNode(0)]\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nint numbers[5];\nfloat decimals[5];\nchar characters[5];\nbool bools[5];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nint[] numbers = new int[5];\nfloat[] decimals = new float[5];\nchar[] characters = new char[5];\nboolean[] bools = new boolean[5];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nint[] numbers = new int[5];\nfloat[] decimals = new float[5];\nchar[] characters = new char[5];\nbool[] bools = new bool[5];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nvar numbers = [5]int{}\nvar decimals = [5]float64{}\nvar characters = [5]byte{}\nvar bools = [5]bool{}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nlet numbers = Array(repeating: Int(), count: 5)\nlet decimals = Array(repeating: Double(), count: 5)\nlet characters = Array(repeating: Character(\"a\"), count: 5)\nlet bools = Array(repeating: Bool(), count: 5)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// JavaScript \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5b58\u50a8\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\nconst array = [0, 0.0, 'a', false];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nconst numbers: number[] = [];\nconst characters: string[] = [];\nconst bools: boolean[] = [];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nList&lt;int&gt; numbers = List.filled(5, 0);\nList&lt;double&gt; decimals = List.filled(5, 0.0);\nList&lt;String&gt; characters = List.filled(5, 'a');\nList&lt;bool&gt; bools = List.filled(5, false);\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nlet numbers: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![0; 5];\nlet decimals: Vec&lt;float&gt; = vec![0.0, 5];\nlet characters: Vec&lt;char&gt; = vec!['0'; 5];\nlet bools: Vec&lt;bool&gt; = vec![false; 5];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nint numbers[10];\nfloat decimals[10];\nchar characters[10];\nbool bools[10];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/","title":"3.4 \u00a0 \u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801 *","text":"<p>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u201d\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u8868\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#341-ascii","title":"3.4.1 \u00a0 ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6","text":"<p>\u300cASCII \u7801\u300d\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5168\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 7 \u4f4d\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\uff08\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u4f4e 7 \u4f4d\uff09\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a 128 \u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5982\u56fe 3-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0cASCII \u7801\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3001\u6570\u5b57 0 ~ 9\u3001\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u5982\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u548c\u5236\u8868\u7b26\uff09\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-6 \u00a0 ASCII \u7801 </p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0cASCII \u7801\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u82f1\u6587\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\uff0c\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u66f4\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u300cEASCII\u300d\u3002\u5b83\u5728 ASCII \u7684 7 \u4f4d\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55\u5230 8 \u4f4d\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a 256 \u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u9646\u7eed\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u7684 EASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7684\u524d 128 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a ASCII \u7801\uff0c\u540e 128 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#342-gbk","title":"3.4.2 \u00a0 GBK \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6","text":"<p>\u540e\u6765\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cEASCII \u7801\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6c49\u5b57\u5927\u7ea6\u6709\u8fd1\u5341\u4e07\u4e2a\uff0c\u5149\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u6709\u51e0\u5343\u4e2a\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u603b\u5c40\u4e8e 1980 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u300cGB2312\u300d\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5176\u6536\u5f55\u4e86 6763 \u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u6c49\u5b57\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u9700\u8981\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0cGB2312 \u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7f55\u89c1\u5b57\u548c\u7e41\u4f53\u5b57\u3002\u300cGBK\u300d\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u662f\u5728 GB2312 \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5171\u6536\u5f55\u4e86 21886 \u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\u3002\u5728 GBK \u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0cASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6c49\u5b57\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u8868\u793a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#343-unicode","title":"3.4.3 \u00a0 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6","text":"<p>\u968f\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\u767e\u82b1\u9f50\u653e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e71\u7801\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c31\u5728\u60f3\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u63a8\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8db3\u591f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u7b26\u53f7\u90fd\u6536\u5f55\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u73af\u5883\u548c\u4e71\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u800c\u5168\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6 Unicode \u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u3002</p> <p>\u300cUnicode\u300d\u7684\u5168\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7edf\u4e00\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u201d\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u4e07\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5b83\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5c06\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u6765\u5904\u7406\u548c\u663e\u793a\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e71\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u81ea 1991 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u4ee5\u6765\uff0cUnicode \u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5145\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u622a\u6b62 2022 \u5e74 9 \u6708\uff0cUnicode \u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b 149186 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u5e9e\u5927\u7684 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 2 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u751f\u50fb\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5360 3 \u5b57\u8282\u751a\u81f3 4 \u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>Unicode \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u53f7\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7801\u70b9\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u89c4\u5b9a\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u7801\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7981\u4f1a\u95ee\uff1a\u5f53\u591a\u79cd\u957f\u5ea6\u7684 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6790\u5b57\u7b26\uff1f\u4f8b\u5982\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 2 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u8ba4\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a 2 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u8fd8\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a 1 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff1f</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u7b49\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u5982\u56fe 3-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u201cHello\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 1 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 2 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u4f4d\u586b 0 \uff0c\u5c06\u201cHello \u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a 2 \u5b57\u8282\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u9694 2 \u5b57\u8282\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77ed\u8bed\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-7 \u00a0 Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u7136\u800c ASCII \u7801\u5df2\u7ecf\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u82f1\u6587\u53ea\u9700\u8981 1 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u82e5\u91c7\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u6587\u672c\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f ASCII \u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u4e24\u500d\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6d6a\u8d39\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#344-utf-8","title":"3.4.4 \u00a0 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u76ee\u524d\uff0cUTF-8 \u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684 Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 1 \u5230 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u800c\u53d8\u3002ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u53ea\u9700\u8981 1 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u9700\u8981 2 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u9700\u8981 3 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u751f\u50fb\u5b57\u7b26\u9700\u8981 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>UTF-8 \u7684\u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(0\\)\u3001\u5176\u4f59 7 \u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u5728 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u524d 128 \u4e2a\u7801\u70b9\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cUTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4e0b\u517c\u5bb9 ASCII \u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-8 \u6765\u89e3\u6790\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e45\u8fdc\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u6587\u672c\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u5176\u4e2d \\(n &gt; 1\\)\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u9996\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u9ad8 \\(n\\) \u4f4d\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(1\\)\u3001\u7b2c \\(n + 1\\) \u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff1b\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u9ad8 2 \u4f4d\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(10\\) \uff1b\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u7528\u4e8e\u586b\u5145\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 3-8 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u201cHello\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8 \\(n\\) \u4f4d\u90fd\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(1\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d \\(1\\) \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u9ad8 2 \u4f4d\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(10\\) \u5462\uff1f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a \\(10\\) \u80fd\u591f\u8d77\u5230\u6821\u9a8c\u7b26\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5f00\u59cb\u89e3\u6790\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5b57\u8282\u5934\u90e8\u7684 \\(10\\) \u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002</p> <p>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5c06 \\(10\\) \u5f53\u4f5c\u6821\u9a8c\u7b26\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4e24\u4f4d\u662f \\(10\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4e24\u4f4d\u662f \\(10\\) \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(1\\) \uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 ASCII \u7801\u3002\u800c ASCII \u7801\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f \\(0\\) \uff0c\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u77db\u76fe\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-8 \u00a0 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u9664\u4e86 UTF-8 \u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 2 \u6216 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684 ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u975e\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u90fd\u7528 2 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u8868\u793a\uff1b\u5c11\u6570\u5b57\u7b26\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e 2 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0cUTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u4e0e Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>UTF-32 \u7f16\u7801\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 UTF-32 \u4f1a\u6bd4 UTF-8 \u548c UTF-16 \u66f4\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-8 \u8868\u793a\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4ec5\u9700 1 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u67d0\u4e9b\u975e\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4e2d\u6587\uff09\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ea\u9700\u8981 2 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u800c UTF-8 \u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981 3 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0cUTF-8 \u7684\u901a\u7528\u6027\u6700\u4f73\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\u90fd\u4f18\u5148\u652f\u6301 UTF-8 \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#345","title":"3.4.5 \u00a0 \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u90fd\u91c7\u7528 UTF-16 \u6216 UTF-32 \u8fd9\u7c7b\u7b49\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u5728\u7b49\u957f\u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u770b\u4f5c\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee: UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002UTF-8 \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u957f\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u8981\u627e\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\u904d\u5386\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u8ba1\u6570: \u4e0e\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97 UTF-16 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c: \u5728 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u5206\u5272\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u5728 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u65e0\u6548\u7684 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Java \u7684 <code>String</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 2 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Java \u8bed\u8a00\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a 16 \u4f4d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u540e\u6765 Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc7 16 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 Java \u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e00\u5bf9 16 \u4f4d\u7684\u503c\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u201d\uff09\u8868\u793a\u3002</li> <li>JavaScript \u548c TypeScript \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e0e Java \u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u5f53 JavaScript \u8bed\u8a00\u5728 1995 \u5e74\u88ab Netscape \u516c\u53f8\u9996\u6b21\u5f15\u5165\u65f6\uff0cUnicode \u8fd8\u5904\u4e8e\u76f8\u5bf9\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528 16 \u4f4d\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5c31\u8db3\u591f\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>C# \u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u4e3a .NET \u5e73\u53f0\u662f\u7531 Microsoft \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u800c Microsoft \u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec Windows \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u90fd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4f4e\u4f30\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8d85\u8fc7 16 \u4f4d\u957f\u5ea6\u7684 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u4e3a\u4e4b\u7684\u65e0\u5948\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u53ef\u80fd\u5360\u7528 2 \u5b57\u8282\u6216 4 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u7b49\u957f\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c Debug \u96be\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>\u51fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Python 3 \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u957f\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5168\u90e8\u662f ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 1 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86 ASCII \u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5168\u90e8\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u5e73\u9762\uff08BMP\uff09\u5185\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 2 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u6709\u8d85\u51fa BMP \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002</li> <li>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u7684 <code>string</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>rune</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5355\u4e2a Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>Rust \u8bed\u8a00\u7684 str \u548c String \u7c7b\u578b\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002Rust \u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 char \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5355\u4e2a Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u6216\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a UTF-8 \u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/","title":"3.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u7c7b","text":"<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u201c\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/#311","title":"3.1.1 \u00a0 \u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027","text":"<p>\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u9876\u90e8\u5411\u4e0b\u6309\u5c42\u6b21\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7956\u5148\u4e0e\u540e\u4ee3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u56fe\u5219\u7531\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 3-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u201d\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u636e\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u6392\u5217\uff1b\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u5219\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5448\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002</li> <li>\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-1 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 </p> <p>\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7f51\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u6808\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li>\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li>\u7f51\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u56fe\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/#312","title":"3.1.2 \u00a0 \u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0e\u5206\u6563","text":"<p>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u786c\u76d8\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u786c\u76d8\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bb9\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230 TB \u7ea7\u522b\uff09\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u6162\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u5bb9\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a GB \u7ea7\u522b\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u56fe 3-2 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u6761\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9ed1\u8272\u65b9\u5757\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684 Excel \u8868\u683c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d\u3002</p> <p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u56fe 3-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5206\u914d\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u90fd\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-2 \u00a0 \u5185\u5b58\u6761\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740 </p> <p>\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5f53\u67d0\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u88ab\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5360\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5cf0\u503c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8d85\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7f3a\u5c11\u8fde\u7eed\u5927\u5757\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u9009\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5206\u6563\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 3-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u548c\u5206\u6563\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u589e\u5220\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u65b9\u9762\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-3 \u00a0 \u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u5206\u6563\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8 </p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6808\u548c\u961f\u5217\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1b\u800c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u3001\u77e9\u9635\u3001\u5f20\u91cf\uff08\u7ef4\u5ea6 \\(\\geq 3\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9759\u6001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6b64\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u611f\u89c9\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u7406\u89e3\u8d77\u6765\u6709\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u9605\u8bfb\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u56de\u987e\u672c\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/","title":"3.3 \u00a0 \u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801 *","text":"<p>Note</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6807\u9898\u5e26\u6709\u7684 * \u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u662f\u9009\u8bfb\u7ae0\u8282\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u9650\u6216\u611f\u5230\u7406\u89e3\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\uff0c\u7b49\u5b66\u5b8c\u5fc5\u8bfb\u7ae0\u8282\u540e\u518d\u5355\u72ec\u653b\u514b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/#331","title":"3.3.1 \u00a0 \u6574\u6570\u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u7684\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u7684\u8d1f\u6570\u90fd\u6bd4\u6b63\u6570\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>byte</code> \u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u662f \\([-128, 127]\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u6bd4\u8f83\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5728\u539f\u56e0\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u3001\u8865\u7801\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p> <p>\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u4ee5\u201c\u8865\u7801\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u539f\u7801\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u89c6\u4e3a\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(0\\) \u8868\u793a\u6b63\u6570\uff0c\\(1\\) \u8868\u793a\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u53cd\u7801\uff1a\u6b63\u6570\u7684\u53cd\u7801\u4e0e\u5176\u539f\u7801\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u53cd\u7801\u662f\u5bf9\u5176\u539f\u7801\u9664\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u53d6\u53cd\u3002</li> <li>\u8865\u7801\uff1a\u6b63\u6570\u7684\u8865\u7801\u4e0e\u5176\u539f\u7801\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u8865\u7801\u662f\u5728\u5176\u53cd\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u52a0 \\(1\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 3-4 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-4 \u00a0 \u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u4e0e\u8865\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u6362 </p> <p>\u300c\u539f\u7801 true form\u300d\u867d\u7136\u6700\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u539f\u7801\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u539f\u7801\u4e0b\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(1 + (-2)\\) \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f \\(-3\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} &amp; 1 + (-2) \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow 0000 \\; 0001 + 1000 \\; 0010 \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0011 \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow -3 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u300c\u53cd\u7801 1's complement code\u300d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u5c06\u539f\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53cd\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53cd\u7801\u4e0b\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(1 + (-2)\\) \uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4ece\u53cd\u7801\u8f6c\u5316\u56de\u539f\u7801\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7ed3\u679c \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} &amp; 1 + (-2) \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow 0000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} + 1000 \\; 0010 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 0000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} + 1111  \\; 1101 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1111 \\; 1110 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow -1 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u96f6\u7684\u539f\u7801\u6709 \\(+0\\) \u548c \\(-0\\) \u4e24\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6570\u5b57\u96f6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u6b67\u4e49\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u5206\u6b63\u96f6\u548c\u8d1f\u96f6\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5224\u65ad\u7ed3\u679c\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u96f6\u548c\u8d1f\u96f6\u6b67\u4e49\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} +0 &amp; \\rightarrow 0000 \\; 0000 \\newline -0 &amp; \\rightarrow 1000 \\; 0000 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u4e0e\u539f\u7801\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53cd\u7801\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u8d1f\u96f6\u6b67\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u300c\u8865\u7801 2's complement code\u300d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e0b\u8d1f\u96f6\u7684\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u3001\u8865\u7801\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} -0 \\rightarrow \\; &amp; 1000 \\; 0000 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} \\newline = \\; &amp; 1111 \\; 1111 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} \\newline = 1 \\; &amp; 0000 \\; 0000 \\; \\text{(\u8865\u7801)} \\newline \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u5728\u8d1f\u96f6\u7684\u53cd\u7801\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u52a0 \\(1\\) \u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8fdb\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46 <code>byte</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u53ea\u6709 8 \u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ea2\u51fa\u5230\u7b2c 9 \u4f4d\u7684 \\(1\\) \u4f1a\u88ab\u820d\u5f03\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d1f\u96f6\u7684\u8865\u7801\u4e3a \\(0000 \\; 0000\\) \uff0c\u4e0e\u6b63\u96f6\u7684\u8865\u7801\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u96f6\uff0c\u6b63\u8d1f\u96f6\u6b67\u4e49\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd8\u5269\u4f59\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7591\u60d1\uff1a<code>byte</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u662f \\([-128, 127]\\) \uff0c\u591a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u6570 \\(-128\\) \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u533a\u95f4 \\([-127, +127]\\) \u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6574\u6570\u90fd\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u539f\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8865\u7801 \\(1000 \\; 0000\\) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u539f\u7801\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u8865\u7801\u7684\u539f\u7801\u4e3a \\(0000 \\; 0000\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u539f\u7801\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57 \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8865\u7801\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c4\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8865\u7801 \\(1000 \\; 0000\\) \u4ee3\u8868 \\(-128\\) \u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\\((-1) + (-127)\\) \u5728\u8865\u7801\u4e0b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f \\(-128\\) \u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} &amp; (-127) + (-1) \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow 1111 \\; 1111 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} + 1000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0000 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} + 1111  \\; 1110 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u8865\u7801)} + 1111  \\; 1111 \\; \\text{(\u8865\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0000 \\; \\text{(\u8865\u7801)} \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow -128 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u90fd\u662f\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u8fd9\u6697\u793a\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd0\u7b97\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u4e58\u6cd5\u3001\u9664\u6cd5\u548c\u51cf\u6cd5\uff09\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd0\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ea\u80fd\u505a\u52a0\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u52a0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51cf\u6cd5 \\(a - b\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u52a0\u6cd5 \\(a + (-b)\\) \uff1b\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e58\u6cd5\u548c\u9664\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u591a\u6b21\u52a0\u6cd5\u6216\u51cf\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u8865\u7801\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7535\u8def\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u6570\u548c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\u6765\u5904\u7406\u51cf\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u65e0\u987b\u7279\u522b\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u8d1f\u96f6\u7684\u6b67\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8fd0\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u8865\u7801\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u5999\uff0c\u56e0\u7bc7\u5e45\u5173\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e86\u89e3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/#332","title":"3.3.2 \u00a0 \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a<code>int</code> \u548c <code>float</code> \u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f 4 bytes \uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 <code>float</code> \u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e <code>int</code> \uff1f\u8fd9\u975e\u5e38\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6309\u7406\u8bf4 <code>float</code> \u9700\u8981\u8868\u793a\u5c0f\u6570\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u5e94\u8be5\u53d8\u5c0f\u624d\u5bf9\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code> \u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8bb0\u4e00\u4e2a 32-bit \u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ b_{31} b_{30} b_{29} \\ldots b_2 b_1 b_0 \\] <p>\u6839\u636e IEEE 754 \u6807\u51c6\uff0c32-bit \u957f\u5ea6\u7684 <code>float</code> \u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u6784\u6210\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{S}\\) \uff1a\u5360 1 bit \uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 \\(b_{31}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u6570\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{E}\\) \uff1a\u5360 8 bits \uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 \\(b_{30} b_{29} \\ldots b_{23}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5206\u6570\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{N}\\) \uff1a\u5360 23 bits \uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 \\(b_{22} b_{21} \\ldots b_0\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570 <code>float</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> \\[ \\text {val} = (-1)^{b_{31}} \\times 2^{\\left(b_{30} b_{29} \\ldots b_{23}\\right)_2-127} \\times\\left(1 . b_{22} b_{21} \\ldots b_0\\right)_2 \\] <p>\u8f6c\u5316\u5230\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a</p> \\[ \\text {val}=(-1)^{\\mathrm{S}} \\times 2^{\\mathrm{E} -127} \\times (1 + \\mathrm{N}) \\] <p>\u5176\u4e2d\u5404\u9879\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\mathrm{S} \\in &amp; \\{ 0, 1\\}, \\quad \\mathrm{E} \\in \\{ 1, 2, \\dots, 254 \\} \\newline (1 + \\mathrm{N}) = &amp; (1 + \\sum_{i=1}^{23} b_{23-i} 2^{-i}) \\subset [1, 2 - 2^{-23}] \\end{aligned} \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-5 \u00a0 IEEE 754 \u6807\u51c6\u4e0b\u7684 float \u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 3-5 \uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e \\(\\mathrm{S} = 0\\) \uff0c \\(\\mathrm{E} = 124\\) \uff0c\\(\\mathrm{N} = 2^{-2} + 2^{-3} = 0.375\\) \uff0c\u5219\u6709\uff1a</p> \\[ \\text { val } = (-1)^0 \\times 2^{124 - 127} \\times (1 + 0.375) = 0.171875 \\] <p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u6700\u521d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<code>float</code> \u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u542b\u6307\u6570\u4f4d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e <code>int</code> \u3002\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c<code>float</code> \u53ef\u8868\u793a\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6b63\u6570\u4e3a \\(2^{254 - 127} \\times (2 - 2^{-23}) \\approx 3.4 \\times 10^{38}\\) \uff0c\u5207\u6362\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u4fbf\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u8d1f\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code> \u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>int</code> \u5c06\u5168\u90e8 32 \u4f4d\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u6307\u6570\u4f4d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code> \u7684\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u76f8\u90bb\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u503c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d8b\u5411\u8d8a\u5927\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u8868 3-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u4f4d \\(E = 0\\) \u548c \\(E = 255\\) \u5177\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u96f6\u3001\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u3001\\(\\mathrm{NaN}\\) \u7b49\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 3-2 \u00a0 \u6307\u6570\u4f4d\u542b\u4e49 </p> \u6307\u6570\u4f4d E \u5206\u6570\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{N} = 0\\) \u5206\u6570\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{N} \\ne 0\\) \u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f \\(0\\) \\(\\pm 0\\) \u6b21\u6b63\u89c4\u6570 \\((-1)^{\\mathrm{S}} \\times 2^{-126} \\times (0.\\mathrm{N})\\) \\(1, 2, \\dots, 254\\) \u6b63\u89c4\u6570 \u6b63\u89c4\u6570 \\((-1)^{\\mathrm{S}} \\times 2^{(\\mathrm{E} -127)} \\times (1.\\mathrm{N})\\) \\(255\\) \\(\\pm \\infty\\) \\(\\mathrm{NaN}\\) <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6b21\u6b63\u89c4\u6570\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u6700\u5c0f\u6b63\u6b63\u89c4\u6570\u4e3a \\(2^{-126}\\) \uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u6b63\u6b21\u6b63\u89c4\u6570\u4e3a \\(2^{-126} \\times 2^{-23}\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6 <code>double</code> \u4e5f\u91c7\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c <code>float</code> \u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u505a\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/summary/","title":"3.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u4e24\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u7ebf\u6027\u3001\u6811\u72b6\u548c\u7f51\u72b6\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\uff09\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\uff08\u6811\u3001\u56fe\u3001\u5806\uff09\u4e24\u79cd\u3002\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u7ebf\u6027\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u548c\u5206\u6563\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u3002\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u6574\u6570 <code>byte</code>\u3001<code>short</code>\u3001<code>int</code>\u3001<code>long</code> \uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code>\u3001<code>double</code> \uff0c\u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> \u548c\u5e03\u5c14 <code>boolean</code> \u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\u662f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7f16\u7801\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u3002\u6574\u6570\u7684\u539f\u7801\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u662f\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u4f4d\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u6574\u6570\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u662f\u4ee5\u8865\u7801\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6b63\u6570\u548c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\u4e00\u89c6\u540c\u4ec1\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u51cf\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u72ec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u8d1f\u96f6\u6b67\u4e49\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u7531 1 \u4f4d\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u30018 \u4f4d\u6307\u6570\u4f4d\u548c 23 \u4f4d\u5206\u6570\u4f4d\u6784\u6210\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u6570\u4f4d\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>ASCII \u7801\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5171\u6536\u5f55 127 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002GBK \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5171\u6536\u5f55\u4e24\u4e07\u591a\u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\u3002Unicode \u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6536\u5f55\u4e16\u754c\u5185\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u89e3\u51b3\u7531\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e71\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>UTF-8 \u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684 Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u7528\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u3002UTF-16 \u548c UTF-32 \u662f\u7b49\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u6587\u65f6\uff0cUTF-16 \u6bd4 UTF-8 \u7684\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u66f4\u5c0f\u3002Java \u548c C# \u7b49\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1f</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u201d\uff08\u540e\u7eed\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7ae0\u8282\u4f1a\u8bb2\uff09\u3002\u5728\u62c9\u94fe\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6876\uff09\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\uff1b\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6811\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u7ebf\u6027\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\uff08\u6811\uff09\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p><code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 1 byte \u5417\uff1f</p> <p><code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u7531\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cJava\u3001JS\u3001TS\u3001C# \u90fd\u91c7\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff08\u4fdd\u5b58 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 char \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 2 bytes \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/","title":"\u7b2c 12 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u96be\u9898\u88ab\u9010\u5c42\u62c6\u89e3\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u62c6\u89e3\u90fd\u4f7f\u5b83\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u3002</p> <p>\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u505a\u8d77\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4e0d\u518d\u590d\u6742\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>12.1 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>12.2 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u641c\u7d22\u7b56\u7565</li> <li>12.3 \u00a0 \u6784\u5efa\u6811\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>12.4 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>12.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/","title":"12.2 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u641c\u7d22\u7b56\u7565","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b66\u8fc7\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u7279\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u5148\u9a8c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u751a\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u6811\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6216\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</li> <li>\u6811\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u3001AVL \u6811\u3001\u5806\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7686\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\uff09\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff1a\u5728\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ea\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u53d7\u53e6\u5916\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u65e0\u987b\u5408\u5e76\uff1a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u65e8\u5728\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\u3002\u5f53\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u65f6\uff0c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5206\u6cbb\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u5347\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ea\u80fd\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u5206\u6cbb\u641c\u7d22\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u534a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e8c\u5206","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u63a8\uff08\u8fed\u4ee3\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\uff08\u9012\u5f52\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u8bf7\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u5206\u6cbb\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, j]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(f(i, j)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u539f\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(0, n-1)\\) \u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, j]\\) \u7684\u4e2d\u70b9 \\(m\\) \uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5b83\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u534a\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u6c42\u89e3\u89c4\u6a21\u51cf\u5c0f\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a \\(f(i, m-1)\\) \u6216 \\(f(m+1, j)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u7b2c <code>1.</code> \u548c <code>2.</code> \u6b65\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230 <code>target</code> \u6216\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u56fe 12-4 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 \\(6\\) \u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570 <code>dfs()</code> \u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(i, j)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_recur.py<pre><code>def dfs(nums: list[int], target: int, i: int, j: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j)\"\"\"\n# \u82e5\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif i &gt; j:\nreturn -1\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nm = (i + j) // 2\nif nums[m] &lt; target:\n# \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, m + 1, j)\nelif nums[m] &gt; target:\n# \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, i, m - 1)\nelse:\n# \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m\ndef binary_search(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\"\"\"\nn = len(nums)\n# \u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 f(0, n-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, 0, n - 1)\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.cpp<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j) */\nint dfs(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i &gt; j) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nint m = (i + j) / 2;\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, m + 1, j);\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, i, m - 1);\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\n/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e */\nint binarySearch(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\nint n = nums.size();\n// \u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 f(0, n-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, 0, n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.java<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j) */\nint dfs(int[] nums, int target, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i &gt; j) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nint m = (i + j) / 2;\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, m + 1, j);\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, i, m - 1);\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\n/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e */\nint binarySearch(int[] nums, int target) {\nint n = nums.length;\n// \u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 f(0, n-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, 0, n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.cs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j) */\nint dfs(int[] nums, int target, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i &gt; j) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nint m = (i + j) / 2;\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, m + 1, j);\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, i, m - 1);\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\n/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e */\nint binarySearch(int[] nums, int target) {\nint n = nums.Length;\n// \u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 f(0, n-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, 0, n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.go<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j) */\nfunc dfs(nums []int, target, i, j int) int {\n// \u5982\u679c\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6ca1\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif i &gt; j {\nreturn -1\n}\n//    \u8ba1\u7b97\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u70b9\nm := i + ((j - i) &gt;&gt; 1)\n//\u5224\u65ad\u4e2d\u70b9\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u5c0f\nif nums[m] &lt; target {\n// \u5c0f\u4e8e\u5219\u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u534a\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, m+1, j)\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target {\n// \u5c0f\u4e8e\u5219\u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u534a\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, i, m-1)\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m\n}\n}\n/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e */\nfunc binarySearch(nums []int, target int) int {\nn := len(nums)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, 0, n-1)\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.swift<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j) */\nfunc dfs(nums: [Int], target: Int, i: Int, j: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u82e5\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif i &gt; j {\nreturn -1\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nlet m = (i + j) / 2\nif nums[m] &lt; target {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums: nums, target: target, i: m + 1, j: j)\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums: nums, target: target, i: i, j: m - 1)\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m\n}\n}\n/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e */\nfunc binarySearch(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = nums.count\n// \u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 f(0, n-1)\nreturn dfs(nums: nums, target: target, i: 0, j: n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.js<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j) */\nfunction dfs(nums, target, i, j) {\n// \u82e5\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i &gt; j) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nconst m = i + ((j - i) &gt;&gt; 1);\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, m + 1, j);\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, i, m - 1);\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\n/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e */\nfunction binarySearch(nums, target) {\nconst n = nums.length;\n// \u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 f(0, n-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, 0, n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.ts<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j) */\nfunction dfs(nums: number[], target: number, i: number, j: number): number {\n// \u82e5\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i &gt; j) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nconst m = i + ((j - i) &gt;&gt; 1);\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, m + 1, j);\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, i, m - 1);\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\n/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e */\nfunction binarySearch(nums: number[], target: number): number {\nconst n = nums.length;\n// \u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 f(0, n-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, 0, n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.dart<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j) */\nint dfs(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i &gt; j) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nint m = (i + j) ~/ 2;\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, m + 1, j);\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, i, m - 1);\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\n/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e */\nint binarySearch(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\nint n = nums.length;\n// \u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 f(0, n-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, 0, n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.rs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i, j) */\nfn dfs(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32, i: i32, j: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u82e5\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif i &gt; j { return -1; }\nlet m: i32 = (i + j) / 2;\nif nums[m as usize] &lt; target {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(m+1, j)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, m + 1, j);\n} else if nums[m as usize] &gt; target {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i, m-1)\nreturn dfs(nums, target, i, m - 1);\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\n/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e */\nfn binary_search(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = nums.len() as i32;\n// \u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 f(0, n-1)\ndfs(nums, target, 0, n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/","title":"12.3 \u00a0 \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>preorder</code> \u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>inorder</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u4ece\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-5 \u00a0 \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5206\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4ece <code>preorder</code> \u548c <code>inorder</code> \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u4ece\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u6811\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5212\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u6811\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u7a7a\u5b50\u6811\uff09\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea4\u96c6\u3002\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u4e0e\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u540c\u7406\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u5212\u5206\u5b50\u6811","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>preorder</code> \u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>inorder</code> \u6765\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c<code>preorder</code> \u548c <code>inorder</code> \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a<code>[ \u6839\u8282\u70b9 | \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 | \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 ]</code> \uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe 12-5 \u7684\u6811\u5bf9\u5e94 <code>[ 3 | 9 | 2 1 7 ]</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a<code>[ \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 | \u6839\u8282\u70b9 \uff5c \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 ]</code> \uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe 12-5 \u7684\u6811\u5bf9\u5e94 <code>[ 9 | 3 | 1 2 7 ]</code> \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u56fe\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe 12-6 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5f97\u5230\u5212\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20 3 \u662f\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u6839\u8282\u70b9 3 \u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u5c06 <code>inorder</code> \u5212\u5206\u4e3a <code>[ 9 | 3 \uff5c 1 2 7 ]</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u6839\u636e <code>inorder</code> \u5212\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6613\u5f97\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u5206\u522b\u4e3a 1 \u548c 3 \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u5c06 <code>preorder</code> \u5212\u5206\u4e3a <code>[ 3 | 9 | 2 1 7 ]</code> \u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-6 \u00a0 \u5728\u524d\u5e8f\u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u5212\u5206\u5b50\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u53d8\u91cf\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5212\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f97\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u5728 <code>preorder</code> \u548c <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u3002\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>preorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(i\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(m\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6811\u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([l, r]\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u8868 12-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53d8\u91cf\u5373\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>preorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b50\u6811\u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 12-1 \u00a0 \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5b50\u6811\u5728\u524d\u5e8f\u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 </p> \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>preorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 \u5b50\u6811\u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4 \u5f53\u524d\u6811 \\(i\\) \\([l, r]\\) \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 \\(i + 1\\) \\([l, m-1]\\) \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 \\(i + 1 + (m - l)\\) \\([m+1, r]\\) <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u7684 \\((m-l)\\) \u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u914d\u5408\u56fe 12-7 \u7406\u89e3\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-7 \u00a0 \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u8868\u793a </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u8be2 \\(m\\) \u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>hmap</code> \u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u7ec4 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig build_tree.py<pre><code>def dfs(\npreorder: list[int],\ninorder_map: dict[int, int],\ni: int,\nl: int,\nr: int,\n) -&gt; TreeNode | None:\n\"\"\"\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb\"\"\"\n# \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif r - l &lt; 0:\nreturn None\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nroot = TreeNode(preorder[i])\n# \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nm = inorder_map[preorder[i]]\n# \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot.left = dfs(preorder, inorder_map, i + 1, l, m - 1)\n# \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot.right = dfs(preorder, inorder_map, i + 1 + m - l, m + 1, r)\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn root\ndef build_tree(preorder: list[int], inorder: list[int]) -&gt; TreeNode | None:\n\"\"\"\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\ninorder_map = {val: i for i, val in enumerate(inorder)}\nroot = dfs(preorder, inorder_map, 0, 0, len(inorder) - 1)\nreturn root\n</code></pre> build_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb */\nTreeNode *dfs(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;preorder, unordered_map&lt;int, int&gt; &amp;inorderMap, int i, int l, int r) {\n// \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif (r - l &lt; 0)\nreturn NULL;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *root = new TreeNode(preorder[i]);\n// \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nint m = inorderMap[preorder[i]];\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot-&gt;left = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1, l, m - 1);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot-&gt;right = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1 + m - l, m + 1, r);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn root;\n}\n/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\nTreeNode *buildTree(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;preorder, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;inorder) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\nunordered_map&lt;int, int&gt; inorderMap;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; inorder.size(); i++) {\ninorderMap[inorder[i]] = i;\n}\nTreeNode *root = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, 0, 0, inorder.size() - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> build_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb */\nTreeNode dfs(int[] preorder, Map&lt;Integer, Integer&gt; inorderMap, int i, int l, int r) {\n// \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif (r - l &lt; 0)\nreturn null;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode root = new TreeNode(preorder[i]);\n// \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nint m = inorderMap.get(preorder[i]);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot.left = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1, l, m - 1);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot.right = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1 + m - l, m + 1, r);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn root;\n}\n/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\nTreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int[] inorder) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\nMap&lt;Integer, Integer&gt; inorderMap = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; inorder.length; i++) {\ninorderMap.put(inorder[i], i);\n}\nTreeNode root = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, 0, 0, inorder.length - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> build_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb */\nTreeNode dfs(int[] preorder, Dictionary&lt;int, int&gt; inorderMap, int i, int l, int r) {\n// \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif (r - l &lt; 0)\nreturn null;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode root = new TreeNode(preorder[i]);\n// \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nint m = inorderMap[preorder[i]];\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot.left = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1, l, m - 1);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot.right = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1 + m - l, m + 1, r);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn root;\n}\n/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\nTreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int[] inorder) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\nDictionary&lt;int, int&gt; inorderMap = new Dictionary&lt;int, int&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; inorder.Length; i++) {\ninorderMap.TryAdd(inorder[i], i);\n}\nTreeNode root = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, 0, 0, inorder.Length - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> build_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb */\nfunc dfsBuildTree(preorder []int, inorderMap map[int]int, i, l, r int) *TreeNode {\n// \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif r-l &lt; 0 {\nreturn nil\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nroot := NewTreeNode(preorder[i])\n// \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nm := inorderMap[preorder[i]]\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot.Left = dfsBuildTree(preorder, inorderMap, i+1, l, m-1)\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot.Right = dfsBuildTree(preorder, inorderMap, i+1+m-l, m+1, r)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn root\n}\n/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\nfunc buildTree(preorder, inorder []int) *TreeNode {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\ninorderMap := make(map[int]int, len(inorder))\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(inorder); i++ {\ninorderMap[inorder[i]] = i\n}\nroot := dfsBuildTree(preorder, inorderMap, 0, 0, len(inorder)-1)\nreturn root\n}\n</code></pre> build_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb */\nfunc dfs(preorder: [Int], inorderMap: [Int: Int], i: Int, l: Int, r: Int) -&gt; TreeNode? {\n// \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif r - l &lt; 0 {\nreturn nil\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nlet root = TreeNode(x: preorder[i])\n// \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nlet m = inorderMap[preorder[i]]!\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot.left = dfs(preorder: preorder, inorderMap: inorderMap, i: i + 1, l: l, r: m - 1)\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot.right = dfs(preorder: preorder, inorderMap: inorderMap, i: i + 1 + m - l, l: m + 1, r: r)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn root\n}\n/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\nfunc buildTree(preorder: [Int], inorder: [Int]) -&gt; TreeNode? {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\nlet inorderMap = inorder.enumerated().reduce(into: [:]) { $0[$1.element] = $1.offset }\nreturn dfs(preorder: preorder, inorderMap: inorderMap, i: 0, l: 0, r: inorder.count - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> build_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb */\nfunction dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i, l, r) {\n// \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif (r - l &lt; 0) return null;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nconst root = new TreeNode(preorder[i]);\n// \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nconst m = inorderMap.get(preorder[i]);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot.left = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1, l, m - 1);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot.right = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1 + m - l, m + 1, r);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn root;\n}\n/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\nfunction buildTree(preorder, inorder) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\nlet inorderMap = new Map();\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; inorder.length; i++) {\ninorderMap.set(inorder[i], i);\n}\nconst root = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, 0, 0, inorder.length - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> build_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb */\nfunction dfs(\npreorder: number[],\ninorderMap: Map&lt;number, number&gt;,\ni: number,\nl: number,\nr: number\n): TreeNode | null {\n// \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif (r - l &lt; 0) return null;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nconst root: TreeNode = new TreeNode(preorder[i]);\n// \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nconst m = inorderMap.get(preorder[i]);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot.left = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1, l, m - 1);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot.right = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1 + m - l, m + 1, r);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn root;\n}\n/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\nfunction buildTree(preorder: number[], inorder: number[]): TreeNode | null {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\nlet inorderMap = new Map&lt;number, number&gt;();\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; inorder.length; i++) {\ninorderMap.set(inorder[i], i);\n}\nconst root = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, 0, 0, inorder.length - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> build_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb */\nTreeNode? dfs(\nList&lt;int&gt; preorder,\nMap&lt;int, int&gt; inorderMap,\nint i,\nint l,\nint r,\n) {\n// \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif (r - l &lt; 0) {\nreturn null;\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? root = TreeNode(preorder[i]);\n// \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nint m = inorderMap[preorder[i]]!;\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot.left = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1, l, m - 1);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot.right = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, i + 1 + m - l, m + 1, r);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn root;\n}\n/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\nTreeNode? buildTree(List&lt;int&gt; preorder, List&lt;int&gt; inorder) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\nMap&lt;int, int&gt; inorderMap = {};\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; inorder.length; i++) {\ninorderMap[inorder[i]] = i;\n}\nTreeNode? root = dfs(preorder, inorderMap, 0, 0, inorder.length - 1);\nreturn root;\n}\n</code></pre> build_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u5206\u6cbb */\nfn dfs(preorder: &amp;[i32], inorder_map: &amp;HashMap&lt;i32, i32&gt;, i: i32, l: i32, r: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt; {\n// \u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nif r - l &lt; 0 { return None; }\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nlet root = TreeNode::new(preorder[i as usize]);\n// \u67e5\u8be2 m \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nlet m = inorder_map.get(&amp;preorder[i as usize]).unwrap();\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\nroot.borrow_mut().left = dfs(preorder, inorder_map, i + 1, l, m - 1);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nroot.borrow_mut().right = dfs(preorder, inorder_map, i + 1 + m - l, m + 1, r);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nSome(root)\n}\n/* \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\nfn build_tree(preorder: &amp;[i32], inorder: &amp;[i32]) -&gt; Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt; {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 inorder \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\nlet mut inorder_map: HashMap&lt;i32, i32&gt; = HashMap::new();\nfor i in 0..inorder.len() {\ninorder_map.insert(inorder[i], i as i32);\n}\nlet root = dfs(preorder, &amp;inorder_map, 0, 0, inorder.len() as i32 - 1);\nroot\n}\n</code></pre> build_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 12-8 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5728\u5411\u4e0b\u201c\u9012\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5404\u6761\u8fb9\uff08\u5373\u5f15\u7528\uff09\u662f\u5728\u5411\u4e0a\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-8 \u00a0 \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u7684\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>preorder</code> \u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>inorder</code> \u7684\u5212\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u56fe 12-9 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-9 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u5212\u5206\u7ed3\u679c </p> <p>\u8bbe\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570 <code>dfs()</code> \uff09\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5b58\u50a8 <code>inorder</code> \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u8fbe\u5230 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/","title":"12.1 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u5206\u6cbb divide and conquer\u300d\uff0c\u5168\u79f0\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u4e14\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5206\u6cbb\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u5206\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6cbb\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5206\uff08\u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\uff09\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5230\u8fbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002</li> <li>\u6cbb\uff08\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\uff09\uff1a\u4ece\u5df2\u77e5\u89e3\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5730\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5982\u56fe 12-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5206\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u53ea\u5269\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u6cbb\uff1a\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5730\u5c06\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-1 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#1211","title":"12.1.1 \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u5206\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5224\u65ad\u4f9d\u636e\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u89c4\u6a21\u66f4\u5c0f\u3001\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5212\u5206\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff1a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u72ec\u7acb\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\uff1a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u5e76\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u5f97\u6765\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u6761\u5224\u65ad\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u884c\u6c42\u89e3\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#1212","title":"12.1.2 \u00a0 \u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6cbb\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387","text":"<p>\u5206\u6cbb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u6765\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u5728\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u5192\u6ce1\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7981\u53d1\u95ee\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5206\u6cbb\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u6b65\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u51b3\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u4ee5\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u7167\u56fe 12-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5219\u5212\u5206\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981 \\(O((n / 2)^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ O(n + (\\frac{n}{2})^2 \\times 2 + n) = O(\\frac{n^2}{2} + 2n) \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-2 \u00a0 \u5212\u5206\u6570\u7ec4\u524d\u540e\u7684\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f </p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba1\u7b97\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u53f3\u8fb9\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5212\u5206\u524d\u548c\u5212\u5206\u540e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u603b\u6570\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} n^2 &amp; &gt; \\frac{n^2}{2} + 2n \\newline n^2 - \\frac{n^2}{2} - 2n &amp; &gt; 0 \\newline n(n - 4) &amp; &gt; 0 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f53 \\(n &gt; 4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5212\u5206\u540e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u6548\u7387\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5212\u5206\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5e73\u65b9\u9636 \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u53d8\u5c0f\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u60f3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u518d\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u53ea\u5269\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\u5212\u5206\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u8def\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u518d\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u591a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u51e0\u4e2a\u5212\u5206\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u5e73\u5747\u5212\u5206\u4e3a \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0e\u201c\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u6392\u5e8f\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(n + k)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u884c\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u5e76\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u5728\u591a\u6838\u6216\u591a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5c24\u5176\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u5145\u5206\u5730\u5229\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u56fe 12-3 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u201c\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u6240\u6709\u6876\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u6563\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-3 \u00a0 \u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#1213","title":"12.1.3 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8bb8\u591a\u7ecf\u5178\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u8fd1\u70b9\u5bf9\uff1a\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u70b9\u96c6\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u522b\u627e\u51fa\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u70b9\u5bf9\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u627e\u51fa\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u70b9\u5bf9\u3002</li> <li>\u5927\u6574\u6570\u4e58\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982 Karatsuba \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5c06\u5927\u6574\u6570\u4e58\u6cd5\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6574\u6570\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\u548c\u52a0\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982 Strassen \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5c06\u5927\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\u548c\u52a0\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> <li>\u6c42\u89e3\u9006\u5e8f\u5bf9\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5927\u4e8e\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9006\u5e8f\u5bf9\u3002\u6c42\u89e3\u9006\u5e8f\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6c42\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u5c06\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u6807\u503c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u7d20\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6392\u9664\u54ea\u4e00\u534a\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5269\u4f59\u533a\u95f4\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u5934\u5df2\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</li> <li>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\u5c0f\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\u5927\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d6\u51fa\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u6811\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u3001AVL \u6811\u3001\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u3001B \u6811\u3001B+ \u6811\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u5806\uff1a\u5806\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5176\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u548c\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u90fd\u9690\u542b\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u5e94\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f46\u67d0\u4e9b\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3\u7b56\u7565\u95f4\u63a5\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7684\u957f\u94fe\u8868\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u6da6\u7269\u7ec6\u65e0\u58f0\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u9690\u542b\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/","title":"12.4 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u5728\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e09\u6839\u67f1\u5b50\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>A</code>\u3001<code>B</code> \u548c <code>C</code> \u3002\u8d77\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u67f1\u5b50 <code>A</code> \u4e0a\u5957\u7740 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u6309\u7167\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u8981\u628a\u8fd9 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230\u67f1\u5b50 <code>C</code> \u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u539f\u6709\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u5706\u76d8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5b88\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5706\u76d8\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\uff0c\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\u9876\u90e8\u653e\u5165\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u3002</li> <li>\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u5fc5\u987b\u65f6\u523b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5927\u5706\u76d8\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-10 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a \\(i\\) \u7684\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u8bb0\u505a \\(f(i)\\) \u3002\u4f8b\u5982 \\(f(3)\\) \u4ee3\u8868\u5c06 \\(3\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u7684\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8003\u8651\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 12-11 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(1)\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-11 \u00a0 \u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a 1 \u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 12-12 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(2)\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8981\u65f6\u523b\u6ee1\u8db3\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u5728\u5927\u5706\u76d8\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9 <code>B</code> \u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u79fb\u52a8\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5148\u5c06\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u518d\u5c06\u5927\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>B</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-12 \u00a0 \u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a 2 \u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 </p> <p>\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(2)\\) \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\uff1a\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 <code>B</code> \u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>C</code> \u79f0\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u67f1\u3001<code>B</code> \u79f0\u4e3a\u7f13\u51b2\u67f1\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(3)\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u65f6\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u53d8\u5f97\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5df2\u77e5 \\(f(1)\\) \u548c \\(f(2)\\) \u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ece\u5206\u6cbb\u89d2\u5ea6\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5c06 <code>A</code> \u9876\u90e8\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u770b\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u56fe 12-13 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e09\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u5c31\u88ab\u987a\u5229\u5730\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u4e86\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u4ee4 <code>B</code> \u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u67f1\u3001<code>C</code> \u4e3a\u7f13\u51b2\u67f1\uff0c\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 <code>A</code> \u4e2d\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u76f4\u63a5\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u4ee4 <code>C</code> \u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u67f1\u3001<code>A</code> \u4e3a\u7f13\u51b2\u67f1\uff0c\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>B</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-13 \u00a0 \u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a 3 \u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 </p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(3)\\) \u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(2)\\) \u548c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(1)\\) \u3002\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u968f\u4e4b\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u89e3\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u56fe 12-14 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n)\\) \u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n-1)\\) \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(1)\\) \uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u987a\u5e8f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06 \\(n-1\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 <code>C</code> \u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u5269\u4f59 \\(1\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u76f4\u63a5\u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 \\(n-1\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 <code>A</code> \u4ece <code>B</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n-1)\\) \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(1)\\) \u3002\u800c \\(f(1)\\) \u7684\u89e3\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-14 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570 <code>dfs(i, src, buf, tar)</code> \uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u67f1 <code>src</code> \u9876\u90e8\u7684 \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9\u7f13\u51b2\u67f1 <code>buf</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u76ee\u6807\u67f1 <code>tar</code> \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hanota.py<pre><code>def move(src: list[int], tar: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\"\"\"\n# \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\npan = src.pop()\n# \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.append(pan)\ndef dfs(i: int, src: list[int], buf: list[int], tar: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i)\"\"\"\n# \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif i == 1:\nmove(src, tar)\nreturn\n# \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfs(i - 1, src, tar, buf)\n# \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove(src, tar)\n# \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfs(i - 1, buf, src, tar)\ndef solve_hanota(A: list[int], B: list[int], C: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\"\"\"\nn = len(A)\n# \u5c06 A \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfs(n, A, B, C)\n</code></pre> hanota.cpp<pre><code>/* \u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8 */\nvoid move(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;src, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;tar) {\n// \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\nint pan = src.back();\nsrc.pop_back();\n// \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.push_back(pan);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i) */\nvoid dfs(int i, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;src, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;buf, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;tar) {\n// \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif (i == 1) {\nmove(src, tar);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfs(i - 1, src, tar, buf);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove(src, tar);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfs(i - 1, buf, src, tar);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854 */\nvoid solveHanota(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;A, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;B, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;C) {\nint n = A.size();\n// \u5c06 A \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfs(n, A, B, C);\n}\n</code></pre> hanota.java<pre><code>/* \u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8 */\nvoid move(List&lt;Integer&gt; src, List&lt;Integer&gt; tar) {\n// \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\nInteger pan = src.remove(src.size() - 1);\n// \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.add(pan);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i) */\nvoid dfs(int i, List&lt;Integer&gt; src, List&lt;Integer&gt; buf, List&lt;Integer&gt; tar) {\n// \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif (i == 1) {\nmove(src, tar);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfs(i - 1, src, tar, buf);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove(src, tar);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfs(i - 1, buf, src, tar);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854 */\nvoid solveHanota(List&lt;Integer&gt; A, List&lt;Integer&gt; B, List&lt;Integer&gt; C) {\nint n = A.size();\n// \u5c06 A \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfs(n, A, B, C);\n}\n</code></pre> hanota.cs<pre><code>/* \u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8 */\nvoid move(List&lt;int&gt; src, List&lt;int&gt; tar) {\n// \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\nint pan = src[^1];\nsrc.RemoveAt(src.Count - 1);\n// \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.Add(pan);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i) */\nvoid dfs(int i, List&lt;int&gt; src, List&lt;int&gt; buf, List&lt;int&gt; tar) {\n// \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif (i == 1) {\nmove(src, tar);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfs(i - 1, src, tar, buf);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove(src, tar);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfs(i - 1, buf, src, tar);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854 */\nvoid solveHanota(List&lt;int&gt; A, List&lt;int&gt; B, List&lt;int&gt; C) {\nint n = A.Count;\n// \u5c06 A \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfs(n, A, B, C);\n}\n</code></pre> hanota.go<pre><code>/* \u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8 */\nfunc move(src, tar *list.List) {\n// \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\npan := src.Back()\n// \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.PushBack(pan.Value)\n// \u79fb\u9664 src \u9876\u90e8\u5706\u76d8\nsrc.Remove(pan)\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i) */\nfunc dfsHanota(i int, src, buf, tar *list.List) {\n// \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif i == 1 {\nmove(src, tar)\nreturn\n}\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfsHanota(i-1, src, tar, buf)\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove(src, tar)\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfsHanota(i-1, buf, src, tar)\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854 */\nfunc solveHanota(A, B, C *list.List) {\nn := A.Len()\n// \u5c06 A \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfsHanota(n, A, B, C)\n}\n</code></pre> hanota.swift<pre><code>/* \u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8 */\nfunc move(src: inout [Int], tar: inout [Int]) {\n// \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\nlet pan = src.popLast()!\n// \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.append(pan)\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i) */\nfunc dfs(i: Int, src: inout [Int], buf: inout [Int], tar: inout [Int]) {\n// \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif i == 1 {\nmove(src: &amp;src, tar: &amp;tar)\nreturn\n}\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfs(i: i - 1, src: &amp;src, buf: &amp;tar, tar: &amp;buf)\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove(src: &amp;src, tar: &amp;tar)\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfs(i: i - 1, src: &amp;buf, buf: &amp;src, tar: &amp;tar)\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854 */\nfunc solveHanota(A: inout [Int], B: inout [Int], C: inout [Int]) {\nlet n = A.count\n// \u5217\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\u662f\u67f1\u5b50\u9876\u90e8\n// \u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfs(i: n, src: &amp;A, buf: &amp;B, tar: &amp;C)\n}\n</code></pre> hanota.js<pre><code>/* \u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8 */\nfunction move(src, tar) {\n// \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\nconst pan = src.pop();\n// \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.push(pan);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i) */\nfunction dfs(i, src, buf, tar) {\n// \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif (i === 1) {\nmove(src, tar);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfs(i - 1, src, tar, buf);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove(src, tar);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfs(i - 1, buf, src, tar);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854 */\nfunction solveHanota(A, B, C) {\nconst n = A.length;\n// \u5c06 A \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfs(n, A, B, C);\n}\n</code></pre> hanota.ts<pre><code>/* \u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8 */\nfunction move(src: number[], tar: number[]): void {\n// \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\nconst pan = src.pop();\n// \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.push(pan);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i) */\nfunction dfs(i: number, src: number[], buf: number[], tar: number[]): void {\n// \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif (i === 1) {\nmove(src, tar);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfs(i - 1, src, tar, buf);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove(src, tar);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfs(i - 1, buf, src, tar);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854 */\nfunction solveHanota(A: number[], B: number[], C: number[]): void {\nconst n = A.length;\n// \u5c06 A \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfs(n, A, B, C);\n}\n</code></pre> hanota.dart<pre><code>/* \u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8 */\nvoid move(List&lt;int&gt; src, List&lt;int&gt; tar) {\n// \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\nint pan = src.removeLast();\n// \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.add(pan);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i) */\nvoid dfs(int i, List&lt;int&gt; src, List&lt;int&gt; buf, List&lt;int&gt; tar) {\n// \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif (i == 1) {\nmove(src, tar);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfs(i - 1, src, tar, buf);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove(src, tar);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfs(i - 1, buf, src, tar);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854 */\nvoid solveHanota(List&lt;int&gt; A, List&lt;int&gt; B, List&lt;int&gt; C) {\nint n = A.length;\n// \u5c06 A \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfs(n, A, B, C);\n}\n</code></pre> hanota.rs<pre><code>/* \u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8 */\nfn move_pan(src: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;, tar: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;) {\n// \u4ece src \u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\nlet pan = src.remove(src.len() - 1);\n// \u5c06\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5165 tar \u9876\u90e8\ntar.push(pan);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\uff1a\u95ee\u9898 f(i) */\nfn dfs(i: i32, src: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;, buf: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;, tar: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;) {\n// \u82e5 src \u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u5230 tar\nif i == 1 {\nmove_pan(src, tar);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 tar \u79fb\u5230 buf\ndfs(i - 1, src, tar, buf);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(1) \uff1a\u5c06 src \u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230 tar\nmove_pan(src, tar);\n// \u5b50\u95ee\u9898 f(i-1) \uff1a\u5c06 buf \u9876\u90e8 i-1 \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 src \u79fb\u5230 tar\ndfs(i - 1, buf, src, tar);\n}\n/* \u6c42\u89e3\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854 */\nfn solve_hanota(A: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;, B: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;, C: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;) {\nlet n = A.len() as i32;\n// \u5c06 A \u9876\u90e8 n \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 B \u79fb\u5230 C\ndfs(n, A, B, C);\n}\n</code></pre> hanota.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 12-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u542f\u7684 <code>dfs()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^n)\\) \uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-15 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p> <p>Quote</p> <p>\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u6e90\u81ea\u4e00\u79cd\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5728\u53e4\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bfa\u5e99\u91cc\uff0c\u50e7\u4fa3\u4eec\u6709\u4e09\u6839\u9ad8\u5927\u7684\u94bb\u77f3\u67f1\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca \\(64\\) \u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u91d1\u5706\u76d8\u3002\u50e7\u4fa3\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u79fb\u52a8\u539f\u76d8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u50e7\u4fa3\u4eec\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u9700\u8981\u5927\u7ea6 \\(2^{64} \\approx 1.84\u00d710^{19}\\) \u79d2\uff0c\u5408\u7ea6 \\(5850\\) \u4ebf\u5e74\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u5b87\u5b99\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5018\u82e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u8bf4\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u62c5\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c\u672b\u65e5\u7684\u5230\u6765\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/summary/","title":"12.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5206\uff08\u5212\u5206\uff09\u548c\u6cbb\uff08\u5408\u5e76\uff09\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u5426\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u3001\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u7b49\u957f\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u53ea\u5269\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u5c42\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u5f15\u5165\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u6765\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u540e\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002</li> <li>\u5206\u6cbb\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8bb8\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5904\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\u5176\u8eab\u5f71\u3002</li> <li>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52\u5206\u6cbb\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u6811\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5212\u5206\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a \\(n-1\\) \u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u968f\u4e4b\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/","title":"\u7b2c 14 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5c0f\u6eaa\u6c47\u5165\u6cb3\u6d41\uff0c\u6c5f\u6cb3\u6c47\u5165\u5927\u6d77\u3002</p> <p>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5c06\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6c47\u96c6\u6210\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u5f15\u9886\u6211\u4eec\u8d70\u5411\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f7c\u5cb8\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>14.1 \u00a0 \u521d\u63a2\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212</li> <li>14.2 \u00a0 DP \u95ee\u9898\u7279\u6027</li> <li>14.3 \u00a0 DP \u89e3\u9898\u601d\u8def</li> <li>14.4 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>14.5 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>14.6 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>14.7 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/","title":"14.2 \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u7279\u6027","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u4e2d\u7684\u4fa7\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u56de\u6eaf\u4e2d\u5408\u5e76\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e5f\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u89e3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u548c\u56de\u9000\u4e2d\u7a77\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u526a\u679d\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u3002\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u51b3\u7b56\u6b65\u9aa4\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u770b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u5927\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/#1421","title":"14.2.1 \u00a0 \u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u7a0d\u4f5c\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5408\u5c55\u793a\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u6982\u5ff5\u3002</p> <p>\u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8005 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u9636\u697c\u68af\u4e0a\u90fd\u8d34\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u5728\u8be5\u53f0\u9636\u6240\u9700\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 \\(cost\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(cost[i]\\) \u8868\u793a\u5728\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u53f0\u9636\u9700\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\\(cost[0]\\) \u4e3a\u5730\u9762\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\u3002\u8bf7\u8ba1\u7b97\u6700\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u591a\u5c11\u4ee3\u4ef7\u624d\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\u9876\u90e8\uff1f</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u82e5\u7b2c \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u9636\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(1\\)\u3001\\(10\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u5730\u9762\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(3\\) \u9636\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-6 \u00a0 \u722c\u5230\u7b2c 3 \u9636\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7 </p> <p>\u8bbe \\(dp[i]\\) \u4e3a\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u7d2f\u8ba1\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece \\(i - 1\\) \u9636\u6216 \\(i - 2\\) \u9636\u8d70\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 \\(dp[i]\\) \u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(dp[i - 1] + cost[i]\\) \u6216 \\(dp[i - 2] + cost[i]\\) \u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u4e24\u8005\u4e2d\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i] = \\min(dp[i-1], dp[i-2]) + cost[i] \\] <p>\u8fd9\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u662f\u4ece\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6784\u5efa\u5f97\u6765\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u663e\u7136\u5177\u6709\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u6700\u4f18\u89e3 \\(dp[i-1]\\) \u548c \\(dp[i-2]\\) \u4e2d\u6311\u9009\u51fa\u8f83\u4f18\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u5b83\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u539f\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i]\\) \u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e0a\u8282\u7684\u722c\u697c\u68af\u9898\u76ee\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u5462\uff1f\u5b83\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6362\u4e00\u79cd\u95ee\u6cd5\uff1a\u201c\u6c42\u89e3\u6700\u5927\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u610f\u5916\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u9898\u76ee\u4fee\u6539\u524d\u540e\u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u6d6e\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff1a\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u9636\u6700\u5927\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u7b2c \\(n-1\\) \u9636\u548c\u7b2c \\(n-2\\) \u9636\u6700\u5927\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u548c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001 \\(dp[1] = cost[1]\\) \u548c \\(dp[2] = cost[2]\\) \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py<pre><code>def min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp(cost: list[int]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(cost) - 1\nif n == 1 or n == 2:\nreturn cost[n]\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp = [0] * (n + 1)\n# \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1], dp[2] = cost[1], cost[2]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i in range(3, n + 1):\ndp[i] = min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i]\nreturn dp[n]\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minCostClimbingStairsDP(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;cost) {\nint n = cost.size() - 1;\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn cost[n];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nvector&lt;int&gt; dp(n + 1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1];\ndp[2] = cost[2];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minCostClimbingStairsDP(int[] cost) {\nint n = cost.length - 1;\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn cost[n];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nint[] dp = new int[n + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1];\ndp[2] = cost[2];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = Math.min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minCostClimbingStairsDP(int[] cost) {\nint n = cost.Length - 1;\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn cost[n];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nint[] dp = new int[n + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1];\ndp[2] = cost[2];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = Math.Min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc minCostClimbingStairsDP(cost []int) int {\nn := len(cost) - 1\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn cost[n]\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp := make([]int, n+1)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1]\ndp[2] = cost[2]\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i := 3; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i-1]), float64(dp[i-2]+cost[i])))\n}\nreturn dp[n]\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc minCostClimbingStairsDP(cost: [Int]) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = cost.count - 1\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn cost[n]\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nvar dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 1)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1]\ndp[2] = cost[2]\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i in stride(from: 3, through: n, by: 1) {\ndp[i] = min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i]\n}\nreturn dp[n]\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction minCostClimbingStairsDP(cost) {\nconst n = cost.length - 1;\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) {\nreturn cost[n];\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nconst dp = new Array(n + 1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1];\ndp[2] = cost[2];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = Math.min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction minCostClimbingStairsDP(cost: Array&lt;number&gt;): number {\nconst n = cost.length - 1;\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) {\nreturn cost[n];\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nconst dp = new Array(n + 1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1];\ndp[2] = cost[2];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = Math.min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minCostClimbingStairsDP(List&lt;int&gt; cost) {\nint n = cost.length - 1;\nif (n == 1 || n == 2) return cost[n];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nList&lt;int&gt; dp = List.filled(n + 1, 0);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1];\ndp[2] = cost[2];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp(cost: &amp;[i32]) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = cost.len() - 1;\nif n == 1 || n == 2 { return cost[n]; }\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nlet mut dp = vec![-1; n + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1];\ndp[2] = cost[2];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i in 3..=n {\ndp[i] = cmp::min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i];\n}\ndp[n]\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.zig<pre><code>// \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn minCostClimbingStairsDP(comptime cost: []i32) i32 {\ncomptime var n = cost.len - 1;\nif (n == 1 or n == 2) {\nreturn cost[n];\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nvar dp = [_]i32{-1} ** (n + 1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = cost[1];\ndp[2] = cost[2];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (3..n + 1) |i| {\ndp[i] = @min(dp[i - 1], dp[i - 2]) + cost[i];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-7 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-7 \u00a0 \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u7ef4\u538b\u7f29\u81f3\u96f6\u7ef4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py<pre><code>def min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp(cost: list[int]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(cost) - 1\nif n == 1 or n == 2:\nreturn cost[n]\na, b = cost[1], cost[2]\nfor i in range(3, n + 1):\na, b = b, min(a, b) + cost[i]\nreturn b\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;cost) {\nint n = cost.size() - 1;\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn cost[n];\nint a = cost[1], b = cost[2];\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nint tmp = b;\nb = min(a, tmp) + cost[i];\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(int[] cost) {\nint n = cost.length - 1;\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn cost[n];\nint a = cost[1], b = cost[2];\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nint tmp = b;\nb = Math.min(a, tmp) + cost[i];\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(int[] cost) {\nint n = cost.Length - 1;\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn cost[n];\nint a = cost[1], b = cost[2];\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nint tmp = b;\nb = Math.Min(a, tmp) + cost[i];\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(cost []int) int {\nn := len(cost) - 1\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn cost[n]\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\na, b := cost[1], cost[2]\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i := 3; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ntmp := b\nb = int(math.Min(float64(a), float64(tmp+cost[i])))\na = tmp\n}\nreturn b\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(cost: [Int]) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = cost.count - 1\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn cost[n]\n}\nvar (a, b) = (cost[1], cost[2])\nfor i in stride(from: 3, through: n, by: 1) {\n(a, b) = (b, min(a, b) + cost[i])\n}\nreturn b\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(cost) {\nconst n = cost.length - 1;\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) {\nreturn cost[n];\n}\nlet a = cost[1],\nb = cost[2];\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nconst tmp = b;\nb = Math.min(a, tmp) + cost[i];\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(cost: Array&lt;number&gt;): number {\nconst n = cost.length - 1;\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) {\nreturn cost[n];\n}\nlet a = cost[1],\nb = cost[2];\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nconst tmp = b;\nb = Math.min(a, tmp) + cost[i];\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(List&lt;int&gt; cost) {\nint n = cost.length - 1;\nif (n == 1 || n == 2) return cost[n];\nint a = cost[1], b = cost[2];\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nint tmp = b;\nb = min(a, tmp) + cost[i];\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp(cost: &amp;[i32]) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = cost.len() - 1;\nif n == 1 || n == 2 { return cost[n] };\nlet (mut a, mut b) = (cost[1], cost[2]);\nfor i in 3..=n {\nlet tmp = b;\nb = cmp::min(a, tmp) + cost[i];\na = tmp;\n}\nb\n}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.zig<pre><code>// \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(cost: []i32) i32 {\nvar n = cost.len - 1;\nif (n == 1 or n == 2) {\nreturn cost[n];\n}\nvar a = cost[1];\nvar b = cost[2];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (3..n + 1) |i| {\nvar tmp = b;\nb = @min(a, tmp) + cost[i];\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/#1422","title":"14.2.2 \u00a0 \u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027","text":"<p>\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u53ea\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u8fc7\u53bb\u6240\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u7684\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u65e0\u5173\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u72b6\u6001 \\(i+1\\) \u548c\u72b6\u6001 \\(i+2\\) \uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u6b65\u548c\u8df3 \\(2\\) \u6b65\u3002\u5728\u505a\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u8003\u8651\u72b6\u6001 \\(i\\) \u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u72b6\u6001 \\(i\\) \u7684\u672a\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u9636\u7684\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8005 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u8f6e\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\uff0c\u8bf7\u95ee\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u722c\u5230\u697c\u9876\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe 14-8 \uff0c\u722c\u4e0a\u7b2c \\(3\\) \u9636\u4ec5\u5269 \\(2\\) \u79cd\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u4e09\u6b21\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u820d\u5f03\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-8 \u00a0 \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u5230\u7b2c 3 \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf </p> <p>\u5728\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u662f\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8df3 \\(2\\) \u9636\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u80fd\u7531\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u697c\u68af\u9636\u6570\uff09\u72ec\u7acb\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd8\u548c\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u4e0a\u8f6e\u697c\u68af\u9636\u6570\uff09\u6709\u5173\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b \\(dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\\) \u4e5f\u5931\u6548\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a \\(dp[i-1]\\) \u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u8f6e\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u201c\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u6765\u7684\u201d\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06 \\(dp[i-1]\\) \u76f4\u63a5\u8ba1\u5165 \\(dp[i]\\) \u4e2d\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5c55\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u8868\u793a\u5904\u5728\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3\u4e86 \\(j\\) \u9636\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(j \\in \\{1, 2\\}\\) \u3002\u6b64\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u6709\u6548\u5730\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3\u4e86 \\(1\\) \u9636\u8fd8\u662f \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u636e\u6b64\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5f53\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3\u4e86 \\(1\\) \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u8df3 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u5373 \\(dp[i, 1]\\) \u53ea\u80fd\u4ece \\(dp[i-1, 2]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u6765\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3\u4e86 \\(2\\) \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8df3 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u5373 \\(dp[i, 2]\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece \\(dp[i-2, 1]\\) \u6216 \\(dp[i-2, 2]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u6765\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0b\uff0c\\(dp[i, j]\\) \u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{cases} dp[i, 1] = dp[i-1, 2] \\\\ dp[i, 2] = dp[i-2, 1] + dp[i-2, 2] \\end{cases} \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-9 \u00a0 \u8003\u8651\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0b\u7684\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb </p> <p>\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de \\(dp[n, 1] + dp[n, 2]\\) \u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u548c\u4ee3\u8868\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.py<pre><code>def climbing_stairs_constraint_dp(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nif n == 1 or n == 2:\nreturn 1\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp = [[0] * 3 for _ in range(n + 1)]\n# \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1], dp[1][2] = 1, 0\ndp[2][1], dp[2][2] = 0, 1\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i in range(3, n + 1):\ndp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2]\ndp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2]\nreturn dp[n][1] + dp[n][2]\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsConstraintDP(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2) {\nreturn 1;\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp(n + 1, vector&lt;int&gt;(3, 0));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1] = 1;\ndp[1][2] = 0;\ndp[2][1] = 0;\ndp[2][2] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2];\ndp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2];\n}\nreturn dp[n][1] + dp[n][2];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.java<pre><code>/* \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsConstraintDP(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2) {\nreturn 1;\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nint[][] dp = new int[n + 1][3];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1] = 1;\ndp[1][2] = 0;\ndp[2][1] = 0;\ndp[2][2] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2];\ndp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2];\n}\nreturn dp[n][1] + dp[n][2];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cs<pre><code>/* \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsConstraintDP(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2) {\nreturn 1;\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nint[,] dp = new int[n + 1, 3];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1, 1] = 1;\ndp[1, 2] = 0;\ndp[2, 1] = 0;\ndp[2, 2] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i, 1] = dp[i - 1, 2];\ndp[i, 2] = dp[i - 2, 1] + dp[i - 2, 2];\n}\nreturn dp[n, 1] + dp[n, 2];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.go<pre><code>/* \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc climbingStairsConstraintDP(n int) int {\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn 1\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp := make([][3]int, n+1)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1] = 1\ndp[1][2] = 0\ndp[2][1] = 0\ndp[2][2] = 1\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i := 3; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i][1] = dp[i-1][2]\ndp[i][2] = dp[i-2][1] + dp[i-2][2]\n}\nreturn dp[n][1] + dp[n][2]\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.swift<pre><code>/* \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc climbingStairsConstraintDP(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn 1\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nvar dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: 3), count: n + 1)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1] = 1\ndp[1][2] = 0\ndp[2][1] = 0\ndp[2][2] = 1\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i in stride(from: 3, through: n, by: 1) {\ndp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2]\ndp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2]\n}\nreturn dp[n][1] + dp[n][2]\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.js<pre><code>/* \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction climbingStairsConstraintDP(n) {\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) {\nreturn 1;\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nconst dp = Array.from(new Array(n + 1), () =&gt; new Array(3));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1] = 1;\ndp[1][2] = 0;\ndp[2][1] = 0;\ndp[2][2] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2];\ndp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2];\n}\nreturn dp[n][1] + dp[n][2];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.ts<pre><code>/* \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction climbingStairsConstraintDP(n: number): number {\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) {\nreturn 1;\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt; new Array(3));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1] = 1;\ndp[1][2] = 0;\ndp[2][1] = 0;\ndp[2][2] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2];\ndp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2];\n}\nreturn dp[n][1] + dp[n][2];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.dart<pre><code>/* \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsConstraintDP(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2) {\nreturn 1;\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp = List.generate(n + 1, (index) =&gt; List.filled(3, 0));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1] = 1;\ndp[1][2] = 0;\ndp[2][1] = 0;\ndp[2][2] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2];\ndp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2];\n}\nreturn dp[n][1] + dp[n][2];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.rs<pre><code>/* \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn climbing_stairs_constraint_dp(n: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nif n == 1 || n == 2 { return 1 };\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nlet mut dp = vec![vec![-1; 3]; n + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1] = 1;\ndp[1][2] = 0;\ndp[2][1] = 0;\ndp[2][2] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i in 3..=n {\ndp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2];\ndp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2];\n}\ndp[n][1] + dp[n][2]\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.zig<pre><code>// \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn climbingStairsConstraintDP(comptime n: usize) i32 {\nif (n == 1 or n == 2) {\nreturn 1;\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nvar dp = [_][3]i32{ [_]i32{ -1, -1, -1 } } ** (n + 1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1][1] = 1;\ndp[1][2] = 0;\ndp[2][1] = 0;\ndp[2][2] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (3..n + 1) |i| {\ndp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2];\ndp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2];\n}\nreturn dp[n][1] + dp[n][2];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4ec5\u9700\u591a\u8003\u8651\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u95ee\u9898\u91cd\u65b0\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u201c\u6709\u540e\u6548\u6027\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u722c\u697c\u68af\u4e0e\u969c\u788d\u751f\u6210</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u9636\u7684\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8005 \\(2\\) \u9636\u3002\u89c4\u5b9a\u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u4f1a\u7ed9\u7b2c \\(2i\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u653e\u4e0a\u969c\u788d\u7269\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u6240\u6709\u8f6e\u90fd\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8df3\u5230\u7b2c \\(2i\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u524d\u4e24\u8f6e\u5206\u522b\u8df3\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c \\(2\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u9636\u4e0a\uff0c\u5219\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u8df3\u5230\u7b2c \\(4\\)\u3001\\(6\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u3002\u8bf7\u95ee\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u722c\u5230\u697c\u9876\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0b\u6b21\u8df3\u8dc3\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u6240\u6709\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u8df3\u8dc3\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u9636\u68af\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5e76\u5f71\u54cd\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8df3\u8dc3\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u65c5\u884c\u5546\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u90fd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u9057\u4f20\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u6709\u9650\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/","title":"14.3 \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u9898\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u4e0a\u4e24\u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u63a2\u7a76\u4e24\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\uff1f</li> <li>\u6c42\u89e3\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u8be5\u4ece\u4f55\u5904\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#1431","title":"14.3.1 \u00a0 \u95ee\u9898\u5224\u65ad","text":"<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u9002\u5408\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u6c42\u89e3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u4ece\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u653e\u5bbd\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5148\u89c2\u5bdf\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\uff08\u7a77\u4e3e\uff09\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u9002\u5408\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u6ee1\u8db3\u201c\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u542b\u660e\u786e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u89e3\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u51b3\u7b56\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u6ee1\u8db3\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u201c\u52a0\u5206\u9879\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u542b\u6700\u5927\uff08\u5c0f\uff09\u6216\u6700\u591a\uff08\u5c11\uff09\u7b49\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002</li> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3001\u591a\u7ef4\u77e9\u9635\u6216\u6811\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u5176\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b58\u5728\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u51cf\u5206\u9879\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6ee1\u8db3\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u201c\u52a0\u5206\u9879\u201c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u8bbe\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6c42\u89e3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b83\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#1432","title":"14.3.2 \u00a0 \u95ee\u9898\u6c42\u89e3\u6b65\u9aa4","text":"<p>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u6d41\u7a0b\u4f1a\u56e0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u96be\u5ea6\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb \\(dp\\) \u8868\uff0c\u63a8\u5bfc\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u5f62\u8c61\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u89e3\u9898\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u95ee\u9898\u201c\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u201d\u6765\u4e3e\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a \\(n \\times m\\) \u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7f51\u683c <code>grid</code> \uff0c\u7f51\u683c\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4ee5\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u5411\u4e0b\u6216\u8005\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5230\u8fbe\u53f3\u4e0b\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230\u53f3\u4e0b\u89d2\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 14-10 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u4e3a \\(13\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-10 \u00a0 \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230 \\(dp\\) \u8868</p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u683c\u5b50\u5411\u4e0b\u6216\u5411\u53f3\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u8bbe\u5f53\u524d\u683c\u5b50\u7684\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\([i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5411\u4e0b\u6216\u5411\u53f3\u8d70\u4e00\u6b65\u540e\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u53d8\u4e3a \\([i+1, j]\\) \u6216 \\([i, j+1]\\) \u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u884c\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([i, j]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\uff1a\u4ece\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9 \\([0, 0]\\) \u8d70\u5230 \\([i, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff0c\u89e3\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(dp[i, j]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u56fe 14-11 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4 \\(dp\\) \u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5176\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u7f51\u683c \\(grid\\) \u76f8\u540c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-11 \u00a0 \u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e dp \u8868 </p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u72b6\u6001\u7531\u6240\u6709\u51b3\u7b56\u53d8\u91cf\u6784\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u5305\u542b\u63cf\u8ff0\u89e3\u9898\u8fdb\u5ea6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7528\u6765\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a \\(dp\\) \u8868\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f \\(dp\\) \u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\\(dp\\) \u8868\u662f\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u4e0a\u8fb9\u683c\u5b50 \\([i-1, j]\\) \u548c\u5de6\u8fb9\u683c\u5b50 \\([i, j-1]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe \\([i, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7531 \\([i, j-1]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u4e0e \\([i-1, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u56fe 14-12 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, j] = \\min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j] \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-12 \u00a0 \u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b </p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u7684 \\(dp\\) \u8868\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6765\u6784\u9020\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5f97\u6765\uff0c\u9996\u5217\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u5176\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5f97\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9996\u884c \\(i = 0\\) \u548c\u9996\u5217 \\(j = 0\\) \u662f\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-13 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u662f\u7531\u5176\u5de6\u65b9\u683c\u5b50\u548c\u4e0a\u65b9\u683c\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u91c7\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u904d\u5386\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5404\u884c\u3001\u5185\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5404\u5217\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-13 \u00a0 \u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f </p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316 \\(dp\\) \u8868\uff0c\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u66f4\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u51fa\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6309\u7167\u201c\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u201d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u7b26\u5408\u601d\u7ef4\u4e60\u60ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u4ece\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u72b6\u6001 \\([i-1, j]\\) \u548c \\([i, j-1]\\) \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a\u4ece \\([0, 0]\\) \u5230 \\([i, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c \\(dp[i, j]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5f53 \\(i = 0\\) \u4e14 \\(j = 0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u4ef7 \\(grid[0, 0]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5f53 \\(i &lt; 0\\) \u65f6\u6216 \\(j &lt; 0\\) \u65f6\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u4ef7 \\(+\\infty\\) \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_path_sum.py<pre><code>def min_path_sum_dfs(grid: list[list[int]], i: int, j: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\"\"\"\n# \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif i == 0 and j == 0:\nreturn grid[0][0]\n# \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif i &lt; 0 or j &lt; 0:\nreturn inf\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nleft = min_path_sum_dfs(grid, i - 1, j)\nup = min_path_sum_dfs(grid, i, j - 1)\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn min(left, up) + grid[i][j]\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nint minPathSumDFS(vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;grid, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn INT_MAX;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nint left = minPathSumDFS(grid, i - 1, j);\nint up = minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j - 1);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn min(left, up) != INT_MAX ? min(left, up) + grid[i][j] : INT_MAX;\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.java<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nint minPathSumDFS(int[][] grid, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn Integer.MAX_VALUE;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nint left = minPathSumDFS(grid, i - 1, j);\nint up = minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j - 1);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn Math.min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nint minPathSumDFS(int[][] grid, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn int.MaxValue;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nint left = minPathSumDFS(grid, i - 1, j);\nint up = minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j - 1);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn Math.Min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.go<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc minPathSumDFS(grid [][]int, i, j int) int {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0 {\nreturn grid[0][0]\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 {\nreturn math.MaxInt\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nleft := minPathSumDFS(grid, i-1, j)\nup := minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j-1)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn int(math.Min(float64(left), float64(up))) + grid[i][j]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.swift<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc minPathSumDFS(grid: [[Int]], i: Int, j: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif i == 0, j == 0 {\nreturn grid[0][0]\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 {\nreturn .max\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nlet left = minPathSumDFS(grid: grid, i: i - 1, j: j)\nlet up = minPathSumDFS(grid: grid, i: i, j: j - 1)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn min(left, up) + grid[i][j]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.js<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i === 0 &amp;&amp; j === 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn Infinity;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nconst left = minPathSumDFS(grid, i - 1, j);\nconst up = minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j - 1);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn Math.min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.ts<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction minPathSumDFS(\ngrid: Array&lt;Array&lt;number&gt;&gt;,\ni: number,\nj: number\n): number {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i === 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn Infinity;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nconst left = minPathSumDFS(grid, i - 1, j);\nconst up = minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j - 1);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn Math.min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.dart<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nint minPathSumDFS(List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; grid, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\n// \u5728 Dart \u4e2d\uff0cint \u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8868\u793a\u201c\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u201d\u7684\u503c\nreturn BigInt.from(2).pow(31).toInt();\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nint left = minPathSumDFS(grid, i - 1, j);\nint up = minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j - 1);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.rs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfn min_path_sum_dfs(grid: &amp;Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;, i: i32, j: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0 {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 {\nreturn i32::MAX;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nlet left = min_path_sum_dfs(grid, i - 1, j);\nlet up = min_path_sum_dfs(grid, i, j - 1);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nstd::cmp::min(left, up) + grid[i as usize][j as usize]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.zig<pre><code>// \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\nfn minPathSumDFS(grid: anytype, i: i32, j: i32) i32 {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 and j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 or j &lt; 0) {\nreturn std.math.maxInt(i32);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nvar left = minPathSumDFS(grid, i - 1, j);\nvar up = minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j - 1);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nreturn @min(left, up) + grid[@as(usize, @intCast(i))][@as(usize, @intCast(j))];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-14 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4ee5 \\(dp[2, 1]\\) \u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u91cf\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u7f51\u683c <code>grid</code> \u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u53d8\u5927\u800c\u6025\u5267\u589e\u591a\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230\u8fbe\u67d0\u4e00\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-14 \u00a0 \u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u6709\u5411\u4e0b\u548c\u5411\u53f3\u4e24\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u8d70\u5230\u53f3\u4e0b\u89d2\u603b\u5171\u9700\u8981 \\(m + n - 2\\) \u6b65\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^{m + n})\\) \u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u672a\u8003\u8651\u4e34\u8fd1\u7f51\u683c\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5f53\u5230\u8fbe\u7f51\u7edc\u8fb9\u754c\u65f6\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u6570\u91cf\u4f1a\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u7f51\u683c <code>grid</code> \u76f8\u540c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5217\u8868 <code>mem</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5404\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_path_sum.py<pre><code>def min_path_sum_dfs_mem(\ngrid: list[list[int]], mem: list[list[int]], i: int, j: int\n) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\"\"\"\n# \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif i == 0 and j == 0:\nreturn grid[0][0]\n# \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif i &lt; 0 or j &lt; 0:\nreturn inf\n# \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif mem[i][j] != -1:\nreturn mem[i][j]\n# \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nleft = min_path_sum_dfs_mem(grid, mem, i - 1, j)\nup = min_path_sum_dfs_mem(grid, mem, i, j - 1)\n# \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i][j] = min(left, up) + grid[i][j]\nreturn mem[i][j]\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint minPathSumDFSMem(vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;grid, vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;mem, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn INT_MAX;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][j] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n// \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nint left = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i - 1, j);\nint up = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j - 1);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i][j] = min(left, up) != INT_MAX ? min(left, up) + grid[i][j] : INT_MAX;\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.java<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint minPathSumDFSMem(int[][] grid, int[][] mem, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn Integer.MAX_VALUE;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][j] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n// \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nint left = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i - 1, j);\nint up = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j - 1);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i][j] = Math.min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint minPathSumDFSMem(int[][] grid, int[][] mem, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn int.MaxValue;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][j] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n// \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nint left = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i - 1, j);\nint up = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j - 1);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i][j] = Math.Min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.go<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem [][]int, i, j int) int {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0 {\nreturn grid[0][0]\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 {\nreturn math.MaxInt\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif mem[i][j] != -1 {\nreturn mem[i][j]\n}\n// \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nleft := minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i-1, j)\nup := minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j-1)\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i][j] = int(math.Min(float64(left), float64(up))) + grid[i][j]\nreturn mem[i][j]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.swift<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc minPathSumDFSMem(grid: [[Int]], mem: inout [[Int]], i: Int, j: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif i == 0, j == 0 {\nreturn grid[0][0]\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 {\nreturn .max\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif mem[i][j] != -1 {\nreturn mem[i][j]\n}\n// \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nlet left = minPathSumDFSMem(grid: grid, mem: &amp;mem, i: i - 1, j: j)\nlet up = minPathSumDFSMem(grid: grid, mem: &amp;mem, i: i, j: j - 1)\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i][j] = min(left, up) + grid[i][j]\nreturn mem[i][j]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.js<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i === 0 &amp;&amp; j === 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn Infinity;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][j] !== -1) {\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n// \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nconst left = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i - 1, j);\nconst up = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j - 1);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i][j] = Math.min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.ts<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction minPathSumDFSMem(\ngrid: Array&lt;Array&lt;number&gt;&gt;,\nmem: Array&lt;Array&lt;number&gt;&gt;,\ni: number,\nj: number\n): number {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i === 0 &amp;&amp; j === 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\nreturn Infinity;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][j] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n// \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nconst left = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i - 1, j);\nconst up = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j - 1);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i][j] = Math.min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.dart<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint minPathSumDFSMem(List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; grid, List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; mem, int i, int j) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0) {\n// \u5728 Dart \u4e2d\uff0cint \u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8868\u793a\u201c\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u201d\u7684\u503c\nreturn BigInt.from(2).pow(31).toInt();\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][j] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n// \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nint left = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i - 1, j);\nint up = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j - 1);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i][j] = min(left, up) + grid[i][j];\nreturn mem[i][j];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.rs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfn min_path_sum_dfs_mem(grid: &amp;Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;, mem: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;, i: i32, j: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif i == 0 &amp;&amp; j == 0 {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 {\nreturn i32::MAX;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif mem[i as usize][j as usize] != -1 {\nreturn mem[i as usize][j as usize];\n}\n// \u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nlet left = min_path_sum_dfs_mem(grid, mem, i - 1, j);\nlet up = min_path_sum_dfs_mem(grid, mem, i, j - 1);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[i as usize][j as usize] = std::cmp::min(left, up) + grid[i as usize][j as usize];\nmem[i as usize][j as usize]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.zig<pre><code>// \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\nfn minPathSumDFSMem(grid: anytype, mem: anytype, i: i32, j: i32) i32 {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\nif (i == 0 and j == 0) {\nreturn grid[0][0];\n}\n// \u82e5\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de +\u221e \u4ee3\u4ef7\nif (i &lt; 0 or j &lt; 0) {\nreturn std.math.maxInt(i32);\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[@as(usize, @intCast(i))][@as(usize, @intCast(j))] != -1) {\nreturn mem[@as(usize, @intCast(i))][@as(usize, @intCast(j))];\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i-1, j) \u548c (i, j-1) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nvar left = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i - 1, j);\nvar up = minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j - 1);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230 (i, j) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u4ef7\nmem[@as(usize, @intCast(i))][@as(usize, @intCast(j))] = @min(left, up) + grid[@as(usize, @intCast(i))][@as(usize, @intCast(j))];\nreturn mem[@as(usize, @intCast(i))][@as(usize, @intCast(j))];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u5f15\u5165\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ea\u9700\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u5373\u7f51\u683c\u5c3a\u5bf8 \\(O(nm)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-15 \u00a0 \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_path_sum.py<pre><code>def min_path_sum_dp(grid: list[list[int]]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn, m = len(grid), len(grid[0])\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [[0] * m for _ in range(n)]\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor j in range(1, m):\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j - 1] + grid[0][j]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor i in range(1, n):\ndp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0] + grid[i][0]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i in range(1, n):\nfor j in range(1, m):\ndp[i][j] = min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]) + grid[i][j]\nreturn dp[n - 1][m - 1]\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minPathSumDP(vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;grid) {\nint n = grid.size(), m = grid[0].size();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp(n, vector&lt;int&gt;(m));\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0] + grid[i][0];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[i][j] = min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n - 1][m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.java<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minPathSumDP(int[][] grid) {\nint n = grid.length, m = grid[0].length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[][] dp = new int[n][m];\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0] + grid[i][0];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[i][j] = Math.min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n - 1][m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minPathSumDP(int[][] grid) {\nint n = grid.Length, m = grid[0].Length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[,] dp = new int[n, m];\ndp[0, 0] = grid[0][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[0, j] = dp[0, j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\ndp[i, 0] = dp[i - 1, 0] + grid[i][0];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[i, j] = Math.Min(dp[i, j - 1], dp[i - 1, j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n - 1, m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.go<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc minPathSumDP(grid [][]int) int {\nn, m := len(grid), len(grid[0])\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([][]int, n)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\ndp[i] = make([]int, m)\n}\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0]\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor j := 1; j &lt; m; j++ {\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j-1] + grid[0][j]\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor i := 1; i &lt; n; i++ {\ndp[i][0] = dp[i-1][0] + grid[i][0]\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i := 1; i &lt; n; i++ {\nfor j := 1; j &lt; m; j++ {\ndp[i][j] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i][j-1]), float64(dp[i-1][j]))) + grid[i][j]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n-1][m-1]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.swift<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc minPathSumDP(grid: [[Int]]) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = grid.count\nlet m = grid[0].count\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: m), count: n)\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0]\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor j in stride(from: 1, to: m, by: 1) {\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j - 1] + grid[0][j]\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor i in stride(from: 1, to: n, by: 1) {\ndp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0] + grid[i][0]\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i in stride(from: 1, to: n, by: 1) {\nfor j in stride(from: 1, to: m, by: 1) {\ndp[i][j] = min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]) + grid[i][j]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n - 1][m - 1]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.js<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction minPathSumDP(grid) {\nconst n = grid.length,\nm = grid[0].length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: m }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0] + grid[i][0];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[i][j] = Math.min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n - 1][m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.ts<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction minPathSumDP(grid: Array&lt;Array&lt;number&gt;&gt;): number {\nconst n = grid.length,\nm = grid[0].length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: m }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0] + grid[i][0];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (let j: number = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[i][j] = Math.min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n - 1][m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.dart<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minPathSumDP(List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; grid) {\nint n = grid.length, m = grid[0].length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp = List.generate(n, (i) =&gt; List.filled(m, 0));\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0] + grid[i][0];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[i][j] = min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n - 1][m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.rs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn min_path_sum_dp(grid: &amp;Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;) -&gt; i32 {\nlet (n, m) = (grid.len(), grid[0].len());\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![vec![0; m]; n];\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor j in 1..m {\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor i in 1..n {\ndp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0] + grid[i][0];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i in 1..n {\nfor j in 1..m {\ndp[i][j] = std::cmp::min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\ndp[n - 1][m - 1]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.zig<pre><code>// \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn minPathSumDP(comptime grid: anytype) i32 {\ncomptime var n = grid.len;\ncomptime var m = grid[0].len;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_][m]i32{[_]i32{0} ** m} ** n;\ndp[0][0] = grid[0][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (1..m) |j| {\ndp[0][j] = dp[0][j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nfor (1..n) |i| {\ndp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0] + grid[i][0];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (1..n) |i| {\nfor (1..m) |j| {\ndp[i][j] = @min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n - 1][m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-16 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u904d\u5386\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u683c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(nm)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n \\times m\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(nm)\\) \u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-16 \u00a0 \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u53ea\u4e0e\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u884c\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u53ea\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u524d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u904d\u5386\u6bcf\u884c\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0\u5b83\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_path_sum.py<pre><code>def min_path_sum_dp_comp(grid: list[list[int]]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn, m = len(grid), len(grid[0])\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [0] * m\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\ndp[0] = grid[0][0]\nfor j in range(1, m):\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor i in range(1, n):\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor j in range(1, m):\ndp[j] = min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j]\nreturn dp[m - 1]\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minPathSumDPComp(vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;grid) {\nint n = grid.size(), m = grid[0].size();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;int&gt; dp(m);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\ndp[0] = grid[0][0];\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.java<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minPathSumDPComp(int[][] grid) {\nint n = grid.length, m = grid[0].length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[m];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\ndp[0] = grid[0][0];\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = Math.min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minPathSumDPComp(int[][] grid) {\nint n = grid.Length, m = grid[0].Length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[m];\ndp[0] = grid[0][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = Math.Min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.go<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc minPathSumDPComp(grid [][]int) int {\nn, m := len(grid), len(grid[0])\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([]int, m)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\ndp[0] = grid[0][0]\nfor j := 1; j &lt; m; j++ {\ndp[j] = dp[j-1] + grid[0][j]\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i := 1; i &lt; n; i++ {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0]\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor j := 1; j &lt; m; j++ {\ndp[j] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[j-1]), float64(dp[j]))) + grid[i][j]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m-1]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.swift<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc minPathSumDPComp(grid: [[Int]]) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = grid.count\nlet m = grid[0].count\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: m)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\ndp[0] = grid[0][0]\nfor j in stride(from: 1, to: m, by: 1) {\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j]\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor i in stride(from: 1, to: n, by: 1) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0]\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor j in stride(from: 1, to: m, by: 1) {\ndp[j] = min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m - 1]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.js<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction minPathSumDPComp(grid) {\nconst n = grid.length,\nm = grid[0].length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = new Array(m);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\ndp[0] = grid[0][0];\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = Math.min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.ts<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction minPathSumDPComp(grid: Array&lt;Array&lt;number&gt;&gt;): number {\nconst n = grid.length,\nm = grid[0].length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = new Array(m);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\ndp[0] = grid[0][0];\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = Math.min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.dart<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint minPathSumDPComp(List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; grid) {\nint n = grid.length, m = grid[0].length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;int&gt; dp = List.filled(m, 0);\ndp[0] = grid[0][0];\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt; m; j++) {\ndp[j] = min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.rs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn min_path_sum_dp_comp(grid: &amp;Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;) -&gt; i32 {\nlet (n, m) = (grid.len(), grid[0].len());\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![0; m];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\ndp[0] = grid[0][0];\nfor j in 1..m {\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor i in 1..n {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor j in 1..m {\ndp[j] = std::cmp::min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\ndp[m - 1]\n}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.zig<pre><code>// \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn minPathSumDPComp(comptime grid: anytype) i32 {\ncomptime var n = grid.len;\ncomptime var m = grid[0].len;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_]i32{0} ** m;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\ndp[0] = grid[0][0];\nfor (1..m) |j| {\ndp[j] = dp[j - 1] + grid[0][j];\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (1..n) |i| {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\ndp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0];\nfor (1..m) |j| {\ndp[j] = @min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]) + grid[i][j];\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m - 1];\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/","title":"14.6 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a Levenshtein \u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u6307\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4fee\u6539\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u5ea6\u91cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \\(s\\) \u548c \\(t\\) \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5c06 \\(s\\) \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a \\(t\\) \u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e09\u79cd\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u7b26\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-27 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5c06 <code>kitten</code> \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>sitting</code> \u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91 3 \u6b65\uff0c\u5305\u62ec 2 \u6b21\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e 1 \u6b21\u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u5c06 <code>hello</code> \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>algo</code> \u9700\u8981 3 \u6b65\uff0c\u5305\u62ec 2 \u6b21\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c 1 \u6b21\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-27 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u7528\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u5e94\u6811\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u8f6e\u51b3\u7b56\uff08\u4e00\u6b21\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u6811\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8fb9\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-28 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u9650\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\u6761\u8fb9\uff0c\u6bcf\u6761\u8fb9\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ece <code>hello</code> \u8f6c\u6362\u5230 <code>algo</code> \u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u8282\u70b9 <code>hello</code> \u548c\u8282\u70b9 <code>algo</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-28 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u793a\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230 \\(dp\\) \u8868</p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u662f\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \\(s\\) \u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u9010\u6e10\u7f29\u5c0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u6784\u5efa\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8bbe\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \\(s\\) \u548c \\(t\\) \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u548c \\(m\\) \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8003\u8651\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u5b57\u7b26 \\(s[n-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[m-1]\\) \u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u82e5 \\(s[n-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[m-1]\\) \u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8003\u8651 \\(s[n-2]\\) \u548c \\(t[m-2]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5 \\(s[n-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[m-1]\\) \u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9 \\(s\\) \u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f16\u8f91\uff08\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u89c4\u6a21\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \\(s\\) \u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u51b3\u7b56\uff08\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97 \\(s\\) \u548c \\(t\\) \u4e2d\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u5f85\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u5728 \\(s\\) \u548c \\(t\\) \u4e2d\u8003\u8651\u7684\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([i, j]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5c06 \\(s\\) \u7684\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a \\(t\\) \u7684\u524d \\(j\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a \\((i+1) \\times (j+1)\\) \u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b</p> <p>\u8003\u8651\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e3a \\(s[i-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[j-1]\\) \uff0c\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u4e3a\u56fe 14-29 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5728 \\(s[i-1]\\) \u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 \\(t[j-1]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5269\u4f59\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i, j-1]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664 \\(s[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5269\u4f59\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i-1, j]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 \\(s[i-1]\\) \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a \\(t[j-1]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5269\u4f59\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-29 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb </p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\\(dp[i, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e \\(dp[i, j-1]\\)\u3001\\(dp[i-1, j]\\)\u3001\\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \u4e09\u8005\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u672c\u6b21\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 \\(1\\) \u3002\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, j] = \\min(dp[i, j-1], dp[i-1, j], dp[i-1, j-1]) + 1 \\] <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f53 \\(s[i-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[j-1]\\) \u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u7f16\u8f91\u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, j] = dp[i-1, j-1] \\] <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f</p> <p>\u5f53\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u90fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5373 \\(dp[0, 0] = 0\\) \u3002\u5f53 \\(s\\) \u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f46 \\(t\\) \u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e \\(t\\) \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u9996\u884c \\(dp[0, j] = j\\) \u3002\u5f53 \\(s\\) \u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f46 \\(t\\) \u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e \\(s\\) \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u9996\u5217 \\(dp[i, 0] = i\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u89e3 \\(dp[i, j]\\) \u4f9d\u8d56\u5de6\u65b9\u3001\u4e0a\u65b9\u3001\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a \\(dp\\) \u8868\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig edit_distance.py<pre><code>def edit_distance_dp(s: str, t: str) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn, m = len(s), len(t)\ndp = [[0] * (m + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\ndp[i][0] = i\nfor j in range(1, m + 1):\ndp[0][j] = j\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\nfor j in range(1, m + 1):\nif s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]:\n# \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1]\nelse:\n# \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] = min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j], dp[i - 1][j - 1]) + 1\nreturn dp[n][m]\n</code></pre> edit_distance.cpp<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint editDistanceDP(string s, string t) {\nint n = s.length(), m = t.length();\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp(n + 1, vector&lt;int&gt;(m + 1, 0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = i;\n}\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nif (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] = min(min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i - 1][j - 1]) + 1;\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.java<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint editDistanceDP(String s, String t) {\nint n = s.length(), m = t.length();\nint[][] dp = new int[n + 1][m + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = i;\n}\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nif (s.charAt(i - 1) == t.charAt(j - 1)) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] = Math.min(Math.min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i - 1][j - 1]) + 1;\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.cs<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint editDistanceDP(string s, string t) {\nint n = s.Length, m = t.Length;\nint[,] dp = new int[n + 1, m + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i, 0] = i;\n}\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[0, j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nif (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i, j] = dp[i - 1, j - 1];\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i, j] = Math.Min(Math.Min(dp[i, j - 1], dp[i - 1, j]), dp[i - 1, j - 1]) + 1;\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n, m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.go<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc editDistanceDP(s string, t string) int {\nn := len(s)\nm := len(t)\ndp := make([][]int, n+1)\nfor i := 0; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i] = make([]int, m+1)\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i][0] = i\n}\nfor j := 1; j &lt;= m; j++ {\ndp[0][j] = j\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\nfor j := 1; j &lt;= m; j++ {\nif s[i-1] == t[j-1] {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j-1]\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] = MinInt(MinInt(dp[i][j-1], dp[i-1][j]), dp[i-1][j-1]) + 1\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][m]\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.swift<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc editDistanceDP(s: String, t: String) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = s.utf8CString.count\nlet m = t.utf8CString.count\nvar dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: m + 1), count: n + 1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\ndp[i][0] = i\n}\nfor j in stride(from: 1, through: m, by: 1) {\ndp[0][j] = j\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\nfor j in stride(from: 1, through: m, by: 1) {\nif s.utf8CString[i - 1] == t.utf8CString[j - 1] {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1]\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] = min(min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i - 1][j - 1]) + 1\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][m]\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.js<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction editDistanceDP(s, t) {\nconst n = s.length,\nm = t.length;\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt; new Array(m + 1).fill(0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = i;\n}\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nif (s.charAt(i - 1) === t.charAt(j - 1)) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] =\nMath.min(\nMath.min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]),\ndp[i - 1][j - 1]\n) + 1;\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.ts<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction editDistanceDP(s: string, t: string): number {\nconst n = s.length,\nm = t.length;\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: m + 1 }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = i;\n}\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nif (s.charAt(i - 1) === t.charAt(j - 1)) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] =\nMath.min(\nMath.min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]),\ndp[i - 1][j - 1]\n) + 1;\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.dart<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint editDistanceDP(String s, String t) {\nint n = s.length, m = t.length;\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp = List.generate(n + 1, (_) =&gt; List.filled(m + 1, 0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = i;\n}\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[0][j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nif (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] = min(min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i - 1][j - 1]) + 1;\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.rs<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn edit_distance_dp(s: &amp;str, t: &amp;str) -&gt; i32 {\nlet (n, m) = (s.len(), t.len());\nlet mut dp = vec![vec![0; m + 1]; n + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor i in 1..= n {\ndp[i][0] = i as i32;\n}\nfor j in 1..m {\ndp[0][j] = j as i32;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i in 1..=n {\nfor j in 1..=m {\nif s.chars().nth(i - 1) == t.chars().nth(j - 1) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] = std::cmp::min(std::cmp::min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i - 1][j - 1]) + 1;\n}\n}\n}\ndp[n][m]\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.zig<pre><code>// \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn editDistanceDP(comptime s: []const u8, comptime t: []const u8) i32 {\ncomptime var n = s.len;\ncomptime var m = t.len;\nvar dp = [_][m + 1]i32{[_]i32{0} ** (m + 1)} ** (n + 1);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\ndp[i][0] = @intCast(i);\n}\nfor (1..m + 1) |j| {\ndp[0][j] = @intCast(j);\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\nfor (1..m + 1) |j| {\nif (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[i][j] = @min(@min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i - 1][j - 1]) + 1;\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][m];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-30 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u586b\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt;&lt;13&gt;&lt;14&gt;&lt;15&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-30 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e \\(dp[i,j]\\) \u662f\u7531\u4e0a\u65b9 \\(dp[i-1, j]\\)\u3001\u5de6\u65b9 \\(dp[i, j-1]\\)\u3001\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u72b6\u6001 \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9 \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \uff0c\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u524d\u6784\u5efa \\(dp[i, j-1]\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf <code>leftup</code> \u6765\u6682\u5b58\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u89e3 \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ea\u9700\u8003\u8651\u5de6\u65b9\u548c\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u89e3\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0e\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig edit_distance.py<pre><code>def edit_distance_dp_comp(s: str, t: str) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn, m = len(s), len(t)\ndp = [0] * (m + 1)\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor j in range(1, m + 1):\ndp[j] = j\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nleftup = dp[0]  # \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] += 1\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor j in range(1, m + 1):\ntemp = dp[j]\nif s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]:\n# \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup\nelse:\n# \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = min(dp[j - 1], dp[j], leftup) + 1\nleftup = temp  # \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\nreturn dp[m]\n</code></pre> edit_distance.cpp<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint editDistanceDPComp(string s, string t) {\nint n = s.length(), m = t.length();\nvector&lt;int&gt; dp(m + 1, 0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nint leftup = dp[0]; // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = i;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nint temp = dp[j];\nif (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup;\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = min(min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;\n}\nleftup = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.java<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint editDistanceDPComp(String s, String t) {\nint n = s.length(), m = t.length();\nint[] dp = new int[m + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nint leftup = dp[0]; // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = i;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nint temp = dp[j];\nif (s.charAt(i - 1) == t.charAt(j - 1)) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup;\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = Math.min(Math.min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;\n}\nleftup = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.cs<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint editDistanceDPComp(string s, string t) {\nint n = s.Length, m = t.Length;\nint[] dp = new int[m + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nint leftup = dp[0]; // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = i;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nint temp = dp[j];\nif (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup;\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = Math.Min(Math.Min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;\n}\nleftup = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.go<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc editDistanceDPComp(s string, t string) int {\nn := len(s)\nm := len(t)\ndp := make([]int, m+1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor j := 1; j &lt;= m; j++ {\ndp[j] = j\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nleftUp := dp[0] // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = i\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor j := 1; j &lt;= m; j++ {\ntemp := dp[j]\nif s[i-1] == t[j-1] {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftUp\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = MinInt(MinInt(dp[j-1], dp[j]), leftUp) + 1\n}\nleftUp = temp // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m]\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.swift<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc editDistanceDPComp(s: String, t: String) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = s.utf8CString.count\nlet m = t.utf8CString.count\nvar dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: m + 1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor j in stride(from: 1, through: m, by: 1) {\ndp[j] = j\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nvar leftup = dp[0] // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = i\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor j in stride(from: 1, through: m, by: 1) {\nlet temp = dp[j]\nif s.utf8CString[i - 1] == t.utf8CString[j - 1] {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = min(min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1\n}\nleftup = temp // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m]\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.js<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction editDistanceDPComp(s, t) {\nconst n = s.length,\nm = t.length;\nconst dp = new Array(m + 1).fill(0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nlet leftup = dp[0]; // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = i;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nconst temp = dp[j];\nif (s.charAt(i - 1) === t.charAt(j - 1)) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup;\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = Math.min(Math.min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;\n}\nleftup = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.ts<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction editDistanceDPComp(s: string, t: string): number {\nconst n = s.length,\nm = t.length;\nconst dp = new Array(m + 1).fill(0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nlet leftup = dp[0]; // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = i;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (let j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nconst temp = dp[j];\nif (s.charAt(i - 1) === t.charAt(j - 1)) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup;\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = Math.min(Math.min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;\n}\nleftup = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.dart<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint editDistanceDPComp(String s, String t) {\nint n = s.length, m = t.length;\nList&lt;int&gt; dp = List.filled(m + 1, 0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\ndp[j] = j;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nint leftup = dp[0]; // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = i;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (int j = 1; j &lt;= m; j++) {\nint temp = dp[j];\nif (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup;\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = min(min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;\n}\nleftup = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m];\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.rs<pre><code>/* \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn edit_distance_dp_comp(s: &amp;str, t: &amp;str) -&gt; i32 {\nlet (n, m) = (s.len(), t.len());\nlet mut dp = vec![0; m + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor j in 1..m {\ndp[j] = j as i32;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor i in 1..=n {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nlet mut leftup = dp[0]; // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = i as i32;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor j in 1..=m {\nlet temp = dp[j];\nif s.chars().nth(i - 1) == t.chars().nth(j - 1) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup;\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = std::cmp::min(std::cmp::min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;\n}\nleftup = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\ndp[m]\n}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.zig<pre><code>// \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn editDistanceDPComp(comptime s: []const u8, comptime t: []const u8) i32 {\ncomptime var n = s.len;\ncomptime var m = t.len;\nvar dp = [_]i32{0} ** (m + 1);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\nfor (1..m + 1) |j| {\ndp[j] = @intCast(j);\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u5217\nvar leftup = dp[0]; // \u6682\u5b58 dp[i-1, j-1]\ndp[0] = @intCast(i);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u5217\nfor (1..m + 1) |j| {\nvar temp = dp[j];\nif (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {\n// \u82e5\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\ndp[j] = leftup;\n} else {\n// \u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 = \u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 + 1\ndp[j] = @min(@min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;\n}\nleftup = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 dp[i-1, j-1]\n}\n}\nreturn dp[m];\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/","title":"14.1 \u00a0 \u521d\u63a2\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>\u300c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 dynamic programming\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6765\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u4f8b\u9898\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u5148\u7ed9\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u56de\u6eaf\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u518d\u9010\u6b65\u5bfc\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u722c\u697c\u68af</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u9636\u7684\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8005 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u8bf7\u95ee\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u722c\u5230\u697c\u9876\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a \\(3\\) \u9636\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u5171\u6709 \\(3\\) \u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u722c\u5230\u697c\u9876\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-1 \u00a0 \u722c\u5230\u7b2c 3 \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf </p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u6eaf\u6765\u7a77\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u722c\u697c\u68af\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5730\u9762\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u5230\u8fbe\u697c\u68af\u9876\u90e8\u65f6\u5c31\u5c06\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 \\(1\\) \uff0c\u5f53\u8d8a\u8fc7\u697c\u68af\u9876\u90e8\u65f6\u5c31\u5c06\u5176\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_backtrack.py<pre><code>def backtrack(choices: list[int], state: int, n: int, res: list[int]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\"\"\"\n# \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif state == n:\nres[0] += 1\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices:\n# \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif state + choice &gt; n:\nbreak\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res)\n# \u56de\u9000\ndef climbing_stairs_backtrack(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf\"\"\"\nchoices = [1, 2]  # \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nstate = 0  # \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nres = [0]  # \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(choices, state, n, res)\nreturn res[0]\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.cpp<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nvoid backtrack(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;choices, int state, int n, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif (state == n)\nres[0]++;\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (auto &amp;choice : choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif (state + choice &gt; n)\nbreak;\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nint climbingStairsBacktrack(int n) {\nvector&lt;int&gt; choices = {1, 2}; // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nint state = 0;                // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nvector&lt;int&gt; res = {0};        // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(choices, state, n, res);\nreturn res[0];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.java<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;Integer&gt; choices, int state, int n, List&lt;Integer&gt; res) {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif (state == n)\nres.set(0, res.get(0) + 1);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (Integer choice : choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif (state + choice &gt; n)\nbreak;\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nint climbingStairsBacktrack(int n) {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; choices = Arrays.asList(1, 2); // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nint state = 0; // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nList&lt;Integer&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nres.add(0); // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(choices, state, n, res);\nreturn res.get(0);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.cs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;int&gt; choices, int state, int n, List&lt;int&gt; res) {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif (state == n)\nres[0]++;\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nforeach (int choice in choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif (state + choice &gt; n)\nbreak;\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nint climbingStairsBacktrack(int n) {\nList&lt;int&gt; choices = new List&lt;int&gt; { 1, 2 }; // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nint state = 0; // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nList&lt;int&gt; res = new List&lt;int&gt; { 0 }; // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(choices, state, n, res);\nreturn res[0];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.go<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nfunc backtrack(choices []int, state, n int, res []int) {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif state == n {\nres[0] = res[0] + 1\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor _, choice := range choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif state+choice &gt; n {\nbreak\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state+choice, n, res)\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nfunc climbingStairsBacktrack(n int) int {\n// \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nchoices := []int{1, 2}\n// \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nstate := 0\nres := make([]int, 1)\n// \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nres[0] = 0\nbacktrack(choices, state, n, res)\nreturn res[0]\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.swift<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nfunc backtrack(choices: [Int], state: Int, n: Int, res: inout [Int]) {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif state == n {\nres[0] += 1\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif state + choice &gt; n {\nbreak\n}\nbacktrack(choices: choices, state: state + choice, n: n, res: &amp;res)\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nfunc climbingStairsBacktrack(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet choices = [1, 2] // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nlet state = 0 // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nvar res: [Int] = []\nres.append(0) // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(choices: choices, state: state, n: n, res: &amp;res)\nreturn res[0]\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.js<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nfunction backtrack(choices, state, n, res) {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif (state === n) res.set(0, res.get(0) + 1);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (const choice of choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif (state + choice &gt; n) break;\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nfunction climbingStairsBacktrack(n) {\nconst choices = [1, 2]; // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nconst state = 0; // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nconst res = new Map();\nres.set(0, 0); // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(choices, state, n, res);\nreturn res.get(0);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.ts<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nfunction backtrack(\nchoices: number[],\nstate: number,\nn: number,\nres: Map&lt;0, any&gt;\n): void {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif (state === n) res.set(0, res.get(0) + 1);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (const choice of choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif (state + choice &gt; n) break;\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nfunction climbingStairsBacktrack(n: number): number {\nconst choices = [1, 2]; // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nconst state = 0; // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nconst res = new Map();\nres.set(0, 0); // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(choices, state, n, res);\nreturn res.get(0);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.dart<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nvoid backtrack(List&lt;int&gt; choices, int state, int n, List&lt;int&gt; res) {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif (state == n) {\nres[0]++;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int choice in choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif (state + choice &gt; n) break;\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nint climbingStairsBacktrack(int n) {\nList&lt;int&gt; choices = [1, 2]; // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nint state = 0; // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nList&lt;int&gt; res = [];\nres.add(0); // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(choices, state, n, res);\nreturn res[0];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.rs<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nfn backtrack(choices: &amp;[i32], state: i32, n: i32, res: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif state == n { res[0] = res[0] + 1; }\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor &amp;choice in choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif state + choice &gt; n { break; }\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nfn climbing_stairs_backtrack(n: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nlet choices = vec![ 1, 2 ]; // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nlet state = 0; // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nlet mut res = Vec::new();\nres.push(0); // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(&amp;choices, state, n as i32, &amp;mut res);\nres[0]\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.c<pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf */\nvoid backtrack(int *choices, int state, int n, int *res, int len) {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif (state == n)\nres[0]++;\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; len; i++) {\nint choice = choices[i];\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif (state + choice &gt; n)\nbreak;\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res, len);\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf */\nint climbingStairsBacktrack(int n) {\nint choices[2] = {1, 2}; // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nint state = 0;           // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nint *res = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int));\n*res = 0;                // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nint len = sizeof(choices) / sizeof(int);\nbacktrack(choices, state, n, res, len);\nint result = *res;\nfree(res);\nreturn result;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.zig<pre><code>// \u56de\u6eaf\nfn backtrack(choices: []i32, state: i32, n: i32, res: std.ArrayList(i32)) void {\n// \u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c n \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 1\nif (state == n) {\nres.items[0] = res.items[0] + 1;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (choices) |choice| {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7b2c n \u9636\nif (state + choice &gt; n) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nbacktrack(choices, state + choice, n, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\n}\n}\n// \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf\nfn climbingStairsBacktrack(n: usize) !i32 {\nvar choices = [_]i32{ 1, 2 }; // \u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5411\u4e0a\u722c 1 \u6216 2 \u9636\nvar state: i32 = 0; // \u4ece\u7b2c 0 \u9636\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\nvar res = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer res.deinit();\ntry res.append(0); // \u4f7f\u7528 res[0] \u8bb0\u5f55\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\nbacktrack(&amp;choices, state, @intCast(n), res);\nreturn res.items[0];\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/#1411","title":"14.1.1 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u5e76\u4e0d\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u62c6\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u51b3\u7b56\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bd5\u63a2\u548c\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u3002\u8bbe\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u5171\u6709 \\(dp[i]\\) \u79cd\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 \\(dp[i]\\) \u5c31\u662f\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u62ec:</p> \\[ dp[i-1], dp[i-2], \\dots, dp[2], dp[1] \\] <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7ad9\u5728\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u697c\u68af\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u7ad9\u5728\u7b2c \\(i - 1\\) \u9636\u6216\u7b2c \\(i - 2\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u7b2c \\(i -1\\) \u9636\u6216\u7b2c \\(i - 2\\) \u9636\u524d\u5f80\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u63a8\u8bba\uff1a\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i - 1\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u52a0\u4e0a\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i - 2\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u3002\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2] \\] <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6784\u5efa\u5f97\u6765\u3002\u56fe 14-2 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-2 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9012\u63a8\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5 \\(dp[n]\\) \u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u548c\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5230\u8fbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[1]\\) \u548c \\(dp[2]\\) \u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u5373 \\(dp[1] = 1\\)\u3001\\(dp[2] = 2\\) \uff0c\u8868\u793a\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\) \u9636\u5206\u522b\u6709 \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\) \u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5b83\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u56de\u6eaf\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_dfs.py<pre><code>def dfs(i: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u641c\u7d22\"\"\"\n# \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif i == 1 or i == 2:\nreturn i\n# dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\ncount = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2)\nreturn count\ndef climbing_stairs_dfs(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22\"\"\"\nreturn dfs(n)\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.cpp<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2)\nreturn i;\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2);\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFS(int n) {\nreturn dfs(n);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.java<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2)\nreturn i;\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2);\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFS(int n) {\nreturn dfs(n);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.cs<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2)\nreturn i;\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2);\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFS(int n) {\nreturn dfs(n);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.go<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc dfs(i int) int {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif i == 1 || i == 2 {\nreturn i\n}\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\ncount := dfs(i-1) + dfs(i-2)\nreturn count\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc climbingStairsDFS(n int) int {\nreturn dfs(n)\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.swift<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc dfs(i: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif i == 1 || i == 2 {\nreturn i\n}\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nlet count = dfs(i: i - 1) + dfs(i: i - 2)\nreturn count\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc climbingStairsDFS(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\ndfs(i: n)\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.js<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction dfs(i) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i === 1 || i === 2) return i;\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nconst count = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2);\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction climbingStairsDFS(n) {\nreturn dfs(n);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.ts<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction dfs(i: number): number {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i === 1 || i === 2) return i;\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nconst count = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2);\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction climbingStairsDFS(n: number): number {\nreturn dfs(n);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.dart<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2) return i;\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2);\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFS(int n) {\nreturn dfs(n);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.rs<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nfn dfs(i: usize) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif i == 1 || i == 2 { return i as i32; }\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nlet count = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2);\ncount\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nfn climbing_stairs_dfs(n: usize) -&gt; i32 {\ndfs(n) }\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.c<pre><code>/* \u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2)\nreturn i;\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2);\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFS(int n) {\nreturn dfs(n);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.zig<pre><code>// \u641c\u7d22\nfn dfs(i: usize) i32 {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 or i == 2) {\nreturn @intCast(i);\n}\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nvar count = dfs(i - 1) + dfs(i - 2);\nreturn count;\n}\n// \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u641c\u7d22\nfn climbingStairsDFS(comptime n: usize) i32 {\nreturn dfs(n);\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-3 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[n]\\) \uff0c\u5176\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^n)\\) \u3002\u6307\u6570\u9636\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7206\u70b8\u5f0f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u7684 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u9677\u5165\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-3 \u00a0 \u722c\u697c\u68af\u5bf9\u5e94\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 14-3 \uff0c\u6307\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 \\(dp[9]\\) \u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a \\(dp[8]\\) \u548c \\(dp[7]\\) \uff0c\\(dp[8]\\) \u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a \\(dp[7]\\) \u548c \\(dp[6]\\) \uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[7]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b50\u5b50\u5b59\u5b59\u65e0\u7a77\u5c3d\u4e5f\u3002\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u6d6a\u8d39\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/#1412","title":"14.1.2 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ea\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>mem</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c06\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5f53\u9996\u6b21\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(dp[i]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5176\u8bb0\u5f55\u81f3 <code>mem[i]</code> \uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u518d\u6b21\u9700\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(dp[i]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece <code>mem[i]</code> \u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> </ol> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.py<pre><code>def dfs(i: int, mem: list[int]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\"\"\"\n# \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif i == 1 or i == 2:\nreturn i\n# \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif mem[i] != -1:\nreturn mem[i]\n# dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\ncount = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem)\n# \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count\nreturn count\ndef climbing_stairs_dfs_mem(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\"\"\"\n# mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nmem = [-1] * (n + 1)\nreturn dfs(n, mem)\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.cpp<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;mem) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2)\nreturn i;\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (mem[i] != -1)\nreturn mem[i];\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count;\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFSMem(int n) {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nvector&lt;int&gt; mem(n + 1, -1);\nreturn dfs(n, mem);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.java<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i, int[] mem) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2)\nreturn i;\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (mem[i] != -1)\nreturn mem[i];\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count;\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFSMem(int n) {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nint[] mem = new int[n + 1];\nArrays.fill(mem, -1);\nreturn dfs(n, mem);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.cs<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i, int[] mem) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2)\nreturn i;\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (mem[i] != -1)\nreturn mem[i];\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count;\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFSMem(int n) {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nint[] mem = new int[n + 1];\nArray.Fill(mem, -1);\nreturn dfs(n, mem);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.go<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc dfsMem(i int, mem []int) int {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif i == 1 || i == 2 {\nreturn i\n}\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif mem[i] != -1 {\nreturn mem[i]\n}\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\ncount := dfsMem(i-1, mem) + dfsMem(i-2, mem)\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count\nreturn count\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc climbingStairsDFSMem(n int) int {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nmem := make([]int, n+1)\nfor i := range mem {\nmem[i] = -1\n}\nreturn dfsMem(n, mem)\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.swift<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc dfs(i: Int, mem: inout [Int]) -&gt; Int {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif i == 1 || i == 2 {\nreturn i\n}\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif mem[i] != -1 {\nreturn mem[i]\n}\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nlet count = dfs(i: i - 1, mem: &amp;mem) + dfs(i: i - 2, mem: &amp;mem)\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count\nreturn count\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc climbingStairsDFSMem(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nvar mem = Array(repeating: -1, count: n + 1)\nreturn dfs(i: n, mem: &amp;mem)\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.js<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction dfs(i, mem) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i === 1 || i === 2) return i;\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (mem[i] != -1) return mem[i];\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nconst count = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count;\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction climbingStairsDFSMem(n) {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nconst mem = new Array(n + 1).fill(-1);\nreturn dfs(n, mem);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.ts<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction dfs(i: number, mem: number[]): number {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i === 1 || i === 2) return i;\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (mem[i] != -1) return mem[i];\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nconst count = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count;\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction climbingStairsDFSMem(n: number): number {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nconst mem = new Array(n + 1).fill(-1);\nreturn dfs(n, mem);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.dart<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i, List&lt;int&gt; mem) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2) return i;\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (mem[i] != -1) return mem[i];\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count;\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFSMem(int n) {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nList&lt;int&gt; mem = List.filled(n + 1, -1);\nreturn dfs(n, mem);\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.rs<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfn dfs(i: usize, mem: &amp;mut [i32]) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif i == 1 || i == 2 { return i as i32; }\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif mem[i] != -1 { return mem[i]; }\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nlet count = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count;\ncount\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfn climbing_stairs_dfs_mem(n: usize) -&gt; i32 {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nlet mut mem = vec![-1; n + 1];\ndfs(n, &amp;mut mem)\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.c<pre><code>/* \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint dfs(int i, int *mem) {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 || i == 2)\nreturn i;\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (mem[i] != -1)\nreturn mem[i];\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nint count = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count;\nreturn count;\n}\n/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint climbingStairsDFSMem(int n) {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nint *mem = (int *)malloc((n + 1) * sizeof(int));\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nmem[i] = -1;\n}\nint result = dfs(n, mem);\nfree(mem);\nreturn result;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.zig<pre><code>// \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\nfn dfs(i: usize, mem: []i32) i32 {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (i == 1 or i == 2) {\nreturn @intCast(i);\n}\n// \u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i] \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (mem[i] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i];\n}\n// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\nvar count = dfs(i - 1, mem) + dfs(i - 2, mem);\n// \u8bb0\u5f55 dp[i]\nmem[i] = count;\nreturn count;\n}\n// \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\nfn climbingStairsDFSMem(comptime n: usize) i32 {\n// mem[i] \u8bb0\u5f55\u722c\u5230\u7b2c i \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\uff0c-1 \u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u8bb0\u5f55\nvar mem = [_]i32{ -1 } ** (n + 1);\nreturn dfs(n, &amp;mem);\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 14-4 \uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ea\u9700\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u88ab\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u98de\u8dc3\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-4 \u00a0 \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u5bf9\u5e94\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/#1413","title":"14.1.3 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u89e3\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u6eaf\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u9010\u5c42\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4ece\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5b83\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\u6570\u7ec4 <code>mem</code> \u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_dp.py<pre><code>def climbing_stairs_dp(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nif n == 1 or n == 2:\nreturn n\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp = [0] * (n + 1)\n# \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1], dp[2] = 1, 2\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i in range(3, n + 1):\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2]\nreturn dp[n]\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.cpp<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDP(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nvector&lt;int&gt; dp(n + 1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1;\ndp[2] = 2;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.java<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDP(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nint[] dp = new int[n + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1;\ndp[2] = 2;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.cs<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDP(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nint[] dp = new int[n + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1;\ndp[2] = 2;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.go<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc climbingStairsDP(n int) int {\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn n\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp := make([]int, n+1)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1\ndp[2] = 2\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i := 3; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\n}\nreturn dp[n]\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.swift<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc climbingStairsDP(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn n\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nvar dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 1)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1\ndp[2] = 2\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i in stride(from: 3, through: n, by: 1) {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2]\n}\nreturn dp[n]\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.js<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction climbingStairsDP(n) {\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) return n;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nconst dp = new Array(n + 1).fill(-1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1;\ndp[2] = 2;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.ts<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction climbingStairsDP(n: number): number {\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) return n;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nconst dp = new Array(n + 1).fill(-1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1;\ndp[2] = 2;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.dart<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDP(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2) return n;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nList&lt;int&gt; dp = List.filled(n + 1, 0);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1;\ndp[2] = 2;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.rs<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn climbing_stairs_dp(n: usize) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif n == 1 || n == 2 { return n as i32; }\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nlet mut dp = vec![-1; n + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1;\ndp[2] = 2;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i in 3..=n {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];\n}\ndp[n]\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.c<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDP(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nint *dp = (int *)malloc((n + 1) * sizeof(int));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1;\ndp[2] = 2;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];\n}\nint result = dp[n];\nfree(dp);\nreturn result;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.zig<pre><code>// \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn climbingStairsDP(comptime n: usize) i32 {\n// \u5df2\u77e5 dp[1] \u548c dp[2] \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\nif (n == 1 or n == 2) {\nreturn @intCast(n);\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\nvar dp = [_]i32{-1} ** (n + 1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u9884\u8bbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\ndp[1] = 1;\ndp[2] = 2;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor (3..n + 1) |i| {\ndp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];\n}\nreturn dp[n];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-5 \u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-5 \u00a0 \u722c\u697c\u68af\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u4e0e\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u72b6\u6001\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u8868\u793a\u95ee\u9898\u6c42\u89e3\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u697c\u68af\u9636\u6570 \\(i\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\\(dp\\) \u8868\u300d\uff0c\\(dp[i]\\) \u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001 \\(i\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5373\u7b2c \\(1\\) \u548c \\(2\\) \u9636\u697c\u68af\uff09\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u300d\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u9012\u63a8\u516c\u5f0f \\(dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\\) \u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u300d\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/#1414","title":"14.1.4 \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e \\(dp[i]\\) \u53ea\u4e0e \\(dp[i-1]\\) \u548c \\(dp[i-2]\\) \u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u9700\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6eda\u52a8\u524d\u8fdb\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_dp.py<pre><code>def climbing_stairs_dp_comp(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nif n == 1 or n == 2:\nreturn n\na, b = 1, 2\nfor _ in range(3, n + 1):\na, b = b, a + b\nreturn b\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.cpp<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDPComp(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n;\nint a = 1, b = 2;\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nint tmp = b;\nb = a + b;\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.java<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDPComp(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n;\nint a = 1, b = 2;\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nint tmp = b;\nb = a + b;\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.cs<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDPComp(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n;\nint a = 1, b = 2;\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nint tmp = b;\nb = a + b;\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.go<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc climbingStairsDPComp(n int) int {\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn n\n}\na, b := 1, 2\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u4ece\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6c42\u89e3\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\nfor i := 3; i &lt;= n; i++ {\na, b = b, a+b\n}\nreturn b\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.swift<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc climbingStairsDPComp(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\nif n == 1 || n == 2 {\nreturn n\n}\nvar a = 1\nvar b = 2\nfor _ in stride(from: 3, through: n, by: 1) {\n(a, b) = (b, a + b)\n}\nreturn b\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.js<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction climbingStairsDPComp(n) {\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) return n;\nlet a = 1,\nb = 2;\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nconst tmp = b;\nb = a + b;\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.ts<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction climbingStairsDPComp(n: number): number {\nif (n === 1 || n === 2) return n;\nlet a = 1,\nb = 2;\nfor (let i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nconst tmp = b;\nb = a + b;\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.dart<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDPComp(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2) return n;\nint a = 1, b = 2;\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nint tmp = b;\nb = a + b;\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.rs<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn climbing_stairs_dp_comp(n: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nif n == 1 || n == 2 { return n as i32; }\nlet (mut a, mut b) = (1, 2);\nfor _ in 3..=n {\nlet tmp = b;\nb = a + b;\na = tmp;\n}\nb\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.c<pre><code>/* \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint climbingStairsDPComp(int n) {\nif (n == 1 || n == 2)\nreturn n;\nint a = 1, b = 2;\nfor (int i = 3; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nint tmp = b;\nb = a + b;\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.zig<pre><code>// \u722c\u697c\u68af\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn climbingStairsDPComp(comptime n: usize) i32 {\nif (n == 1 or n == 2) {\nreturn @intCast(n);\n}\nvar a: i32 = 1;\nvar b: i32 = 2;\nfor (3..n + 1) |_| {\nvar tmp = b;\nb = a + b;\na = tmp;\n}\nreturn b;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7701\u53bb\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u5f80\u5f80\u4ec5\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u6709\u9650\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u964d\u7ef4\u201d\u6765\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6eda\u52a8\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6eda\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/","title":"14.4 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5165\u95e8\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u53d8\u79cd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a \\(wgt[i-1]\\)\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(val[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(cap\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u95ee\u5728\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u80fd\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 14-17 \uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7269\u54c1\u7f16\u53f7 \\(i\\) \u4ece \\(1\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece \\(0\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u91cd\u91cf \\(wgt[i-1]\\) \u548c\u4ef7\u503c \\(val[i-1]\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-17 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531 \\(n\\) \u8f6e\u51b3\u7b56\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u4e24\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u201c\u5728\u9650\u5b9a\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8f83\u5927\u6982\u7387\u662f\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230 \\(dp\\) \u8868</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\uff0c\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u53d8\uff1b\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\uff0c\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u51cf\u5c0f\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u5f97\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7f16\u53f7 \\(i\\) \u548c\u5269\u4f59\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf \\(c\\) \uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([i, c]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, c]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\uff1a\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u5728\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(c\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(dp[i, c]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5f85\u6c42\u89e3\u7684\u662f \\(dp[n, cap]\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a \\((n+1) \\times (cap+1)\\) \u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b</p> <p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u51fa\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u540e\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u662f\u524d \\(i-1\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff1a\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a \\([i-1, c]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff1a\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u51cf\u5c0f \\(wgt[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u589e\u52a0 \\(val[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a \\([i-1, c-wgt[i-1]]\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u6790\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u672c\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c \\(dp[i, c]\\) \u7b49\u4e8e\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, c] = \\max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1]) \\] <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf \\(wgt[i - 1]\\) \u8d85\u51fa\u5269\u4f59\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf \\(c\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f</p> <p>\u5f53\u65e0\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5373\u9996\u5217 \\(dp[i, 0]\\) \u548c\u9996\u884c \\(dp[0, c]\\) \u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, c]\\) \u4ece\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001 \\([i-1, c]\\) \u548c\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001 \\([i-1, c-wgt[i-1]]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a \\(dp\\) \u8868\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u641c\u7d22\u4ee3\u7801\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, c]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 \\(dp[i, c]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5f53\u7269\u54c1\u7f16\u53f7\u8d8a\u754c \\(i = 0\\) \u6216\u80cc\u5305\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c \\(0\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u80cc\u5305\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig knapsack.py<pre><code>def knapsack_dfs(wgt: list[int], val: list[int], i: int, c: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\"\"\"\n# \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif i == 0 or c == 0:\nreturn 0\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c:\nreturn knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, i - 1, c)\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nno = knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, i - 1, c)\nyes = knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1]\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn max(no, yes)\n</code></pre> knapsack.cpp<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nint knapsackDFS(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;wgt, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;val, int i, int c) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 || c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nint no = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\nint yes = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn max(no, yes);\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.java<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nint knapsackDFS(int[] wgt, int[] val, int i, int c) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 || c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nint no = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\nint yes = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn Math.max(no, yes);\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cs<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nint knapsackDFS(int[] weight, int[] val, int i, int c) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 || c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (weight[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFS(weight, val, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nint no = knapsackDFS(weight, val, i - 1, c);\nint yes = knapsackDFS(weight, val, i - 1, c - weight[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn Math.Max(no, yes);\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.go<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc knapsackDFS(wgt, val []int, i, c int) int {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif i == 0 || c == 0 {\nreturn 0\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif wgt[i-1] &gt; c {\nreturn knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i-1, c)\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nno := knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i-1, c)\nyes := knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i-1, c-wgt[i-1]) + val[i-1]\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn int(math.Max(float64(no), float64(yes)))\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.swift<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc knapsackDFS(wgt: [Int], val: [Int], i: Int, c: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif i == 0 || c == 0 {\nreturn 0\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c {\nreturn knapsackDFS(wgt: wgt, val: val, i: i - 1, c: c)\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nlet no = knapsackDFS(wgt: wgt, val: val, i: i - 1, c: c)\nlet yes = knapsackDFS(wgt: wgt, val: val, i: i - 1, c: c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1]\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn max(no, yes)\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.js<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i, c) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i === 0 || c === 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nconst no = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\nconst yes = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn Math.max(no, yes);\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.ts<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction knapsackDFS(\nwgt: Array&lt;number&gt;,\nval: Array&lt;number&gt;,\ni: number,\nc: number\n): number {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i === 0 || c === 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nconst no = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\nconst yes = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn Math.max(no, yes);\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.dart<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nint knapsackDFS(List&lt;int&gt; wgt, List&lt;int&gt; val, int i, int c) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 || c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nint no = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\nint yes = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn max(no, yes);\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.rs<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 */\nfn knapsack_dfs(wgt: &amp;[i32], val: &amp;[i32], i: usize, c: usize) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif i == 0 || c == 0 {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c as i32 {\nreturn knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nlet no = knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\nlet yes = knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1] as usize) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nstd::cmp::max(no, yes)\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.zig<pre><code>// 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\nfn knapsackDFS(wgt: []i32, val: []i32, i: usize, c: usize) i32 {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 or c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nvar no = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c);\nvar yes = knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i - 1, c - @as(usize, @intCast(wgt[i - 1]))) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nreturn @max(no, yes);\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-18 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u4e24\u6761\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \\(dp[1, 10]\\) \u7b49\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u7269\u54c1\u8f83\u591a\u3001\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u8f83\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5c06\u4f1a\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u591a\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-18 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5217\u8868 <code>mem</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>mem[i][c]</code> \u5bf9\u5e94 \\(dp[i, c]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5f15\u5165\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f \\(O(n \\times cap)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig knapsack.py<pre><code>def knapsack_dfs_mem(\nwgt: list[int], val: list[int], mem: list[list[int]], i: int, c: int\n) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\"\"\"\n# \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif i == 0 or c == 0:\nreturn 0\n# \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif mem[i][c] != -1:\nreturn mem[i][c]\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c:\nreturn knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c)\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nno = knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c)\nyes = knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1]\n# \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = max(no, yes)\nreturn mem[i][c]\n</code></pre> knapsack.cpp<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint knapsackDFSMem(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;wgt, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;val, vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;mem, int i, int c) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 || c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][c] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nint no = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\nint yes = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = max(no, yes);\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.java<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint knapsackDFSMem(int[] wgt, int[] val, int[][] mem, int i, int c) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 || c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][c] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nint no = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\nint yes = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = Math.max(no, yes);\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cs<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint knapsackDFSMem(int[] weight, int[] val, int[][] mem, int i, int c) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 || c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][c] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (weight[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFSMem(weight, val, mem, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nint no = knapsackDFSMem(weight, val, mem, i - 1, c);\nint yes = knapsackDFSMem(weight, val, mem, i - 1, c - weight[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = Math.Max(no, yes);\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.go<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val []int, mem [][]int, i, c int) int {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif i == 0 || c == 0 {\nreturn 0\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif mem[i][c] != -1 {\nreturn mem[i][c]\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif wgt[i-1] &gt; c {\nreturn knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i-1, c)\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nno := knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i-1, c)\nyes := knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i-1, c-wgt[i-1]) + val[i-1]\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = int(math.Max(float64(no), float64(yes)))\nreturn mem[i][c]\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.swift<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunc knapsackDFSMem(wgt: [Int], val: [Int], mem: inout [[Int]], i: Int, c: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif i == 0 || c == 0 {\nreturn 0\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif mem[i][c] != -1 {\nreturn mem[i][c]\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c {\nreturn knapsackDFSMem(wgt: wgt, val: val, mem: &amp;mem, i: i - 1, c: c)\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nlet no = knapsackDFSMem(wgt: wgt, val: val, mem: &amp;mem, i: i - 1, c: c)\nlet yes = knapsackDFSMem(wgt: wgt, val: val, mem: &amp;mem, i: i - 1, c: c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1]\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = max(no, yes)\nreturn mem[i][c]\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.js<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i, c) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i === 0 || c === 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][c] !== -1) {\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nconst no = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\nconst yes =\nknapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = Math.max(no, yes);\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.ts<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfunction knapsackDFSMem(\nwgt: Array&lt;number&gt;,\nval: Array&lt;number&gt;,\nmem: Array&lt;Array&lt;number&gt;&gt;,\ni: number,\nc: number\n): number {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i === 0 || c === 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][c] !== -1) {\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nconst no = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\nconst yes =\nknapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = Math.max(no, yes);\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.dart<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nint knapsackDFSMem(\nList&lt;int&gt; wgt,\nList&lt;int&gt; val,\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; mem,\nint i,\nint c,\n) {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 || c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][c] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nint no = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\nint yes = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = max(no, yes);\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.rs<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 */\nfn knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt: &amp;[i32], val: &amp;[i32], mem: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;, i: usize, c: usize) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif i == 0 || c == 0 {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif mem[i][c] != -1 {\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c as i32 {\nreturn knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nlet no = knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\nlet yes = knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1] as usize) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = std::cmp::max(no, yes);\nmem[i][c]\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.zig<pre><code>// 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\nfn knapsackDFSMem(wgt: []i32, val: []i32, mem: anytype, i: usize, c: usize) i32 {\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u9009\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u80cc\u5305\u65e0\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c 0\nif (i == 0 or c == 0) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u82e5\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (mem[i][c] != -1) {\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\nreturn knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 i \u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\nvar no = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c);\nvar yes = knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c - @as(usize, @intCast(wgt[i - 1]))) + val[i - 1];\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\nmem[i][c] = @max(no, yes);\nreturn mem[i][c];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-19 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u9012\u5f52\u4e2d\u88ab\u526a\u6389\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-19 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u4e2d\u586b\u5145 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig knapsack.py<pre><code>def knapsack_dp(wgt: list[int], val: list[int], cap: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(wgt)\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [[0] * (cap + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\nfor c in range(1, cap + 1):\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c:\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c]\nelse:\n# \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i - 1][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])\nreturn dp[n][cap]\n</code></pre> knapsack.cpp<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint knapsackDP(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;wgt, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.size();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp(n + 1, vector&lt;int&gt;(cap + 1, 0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i - 1][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.java<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint knapsackDP(int[] wgt, int[] val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[][] dp = new int[n + 1][cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = Math.max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i - 1][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cs<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint knapsackDP(int[] weight, int[] val, int cap) {\nint n = weight.Length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[,] dp = new int[n + 1, cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (weight[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i, c] = dp[i - 1, c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i, c] = Math.Max(dp[i - 1, c - weight[i - 1]] + val[i - 1], dp[i - 1, c]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n, cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.go<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc knapsackDP(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {\nn := len(wgt)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([][]int, n+1)\nfor i := 0; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i] = make([]int, cap+1)\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\nfor c := 1; c &lt;= cap; c++ {\nif wgt[i-1] &gt; c {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i-1][c]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[i-1][c]), float64(dp[i-1][c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap]\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.swift<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc knapsackDP(wgt: [Int], val: [Int], cap: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = wgt.count\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: cap + 1), count: n + 1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\nfor c in stride(from: 1, through: cap, by: 1) {\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i - 1][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap]\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.js<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction knapsackDP(wgt, val, cap) {\nconst n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array(n + 1)\n.fill(0)\n.map(() =&gt; Array(cap + 1).fill(0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = Math.max(\ndp[i - 1][c],\ndp[i - 1][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]\n);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.ts<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction knapsackDP(\nwgt: Array&lt;number&gt;,\nval: Array&lt;number&gt;,\ncap: number\n): number {\nconst n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: cap + 1 }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = Math.max(\ndp[i - 1][c],\ndp[i - 1][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]\n);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.dart<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint knapsackDP(List&lt;int&gt; wgt, List&lt;int&gt; val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp = List.generate(n + 1, (index) =&gt; List.filled(cap + 1, 0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i - 1][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.rs<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn knapsack_dp(wgt: &amp;[i32], val: &amp;[i32], cap: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = wgt.len();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![vec![0; cap + 1]; n + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in 1..=n {\nfor c in 1..=cap {\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c as i32 {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = std::cmp::max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i - 1][c - wgt[i - 1] as usize] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\ndp[n][cap]\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.zig<pre><code>// 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn knapsackDP(comptime wgt: []i32, val: []i32, comptime cap: usize) i32 {\ncomptime var n = wgt.len;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_][cap + 1]i32{[_]i32{0} ** (cap + 1)} ** (n + 1);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\nfor (1..cap + 1) |c| {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = @max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i - 1][c - @as(usize, @intCast(wgt[i - 1]))] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-20 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u7531\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u5927\u5c0f\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5373 \\(O(n \\times cap)\\) \u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt;&lt;13&gt;&lt;14&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-20 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u53ea\u4e0e\u5176\u4e0a\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6eda\u52a8\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u5c06\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n^2)\\) \u5c06\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ec5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u5462\uff1f\u89c2\u5bdf\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u6b63\u4e0a\u65b9\u6216\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5f53\u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7b2c \\(i-1\\) \u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u53d6\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u904d\u5386\u5230 \\(dp[i, j]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9 \\(dp[i-1, 1]\\) ~ \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u53d6\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u8986\u76d6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u8fdb\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 14-21 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u4ece\u7b2c \\(i = 1\\) \u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u81f3\u7b2c \\(i = 2\\) \u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8bf7\u601d\u8003\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-21 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u9700\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ef4 \\(i\\) \u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u5185\u5faa\u73af\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig knapsack.py<pre><code>def knapsack_dp_comp(wgt: list[int], val: list[int], cap: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(wgt)\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [0] * (cap + 1)\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\n# \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor c in range(cap, 0, -1):\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c:\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c]\nelse:\n# \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])\nreturn dp[cap]\n</code></pre> knapsack.cpp<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint knapsackDPComp(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;wgt, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.size();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;int&gt; dp(cap + 1, 0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (int c = cap; c &gt;= 1; c--) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &lt;= c) {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.java<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint knapsackDPComp(int[] wgt, int[] val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (int c = cap; c &gt;= 1; c--) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &lt;= c) {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = Math.max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cs<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint knapsackDPComp(int[] weight, int[] val, int cap) {\nint n = weight.Length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (int c = cap; c &gt; 0; c--) {\nif (weight[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = Math.Max(dp[c], dp[c - weight[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.go<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc knapsackDPComp(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {\nn := len(wgt)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([]int, cap+1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor c := cap; c &gt;= 1; c-- {\nif wgt[i-1] &lt;= c {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[c]), float64(dp[c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap]\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.swift<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc knapsackDPComp(wgt: [Int], val: [Int], cap: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = wgt.count\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: cap + 1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor c in stride(from: cap, through: 1, by: -1) {\nif wgt[i - 1] &lt;= c {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap]\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.js<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction knapsackDPComp(wgt, val, cap) {\nconst n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array(cap + 1).fill(0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (let c = cap; c &gt;= 1; c--) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &lt;= c) {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = Math.max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.ts<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction knapsackDPComp(\nwgt: Array&lt;number&gt;,\nval: Array&lt;number&gt;,\ncap: number\n): number {\nconst n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array(cap + 1).fill(0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (let c = cap; c &gt;= 1; c--) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &lt;= c) {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = Math.max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.dart<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint knapsackDPComp(List&lt;int&gt; wgt, List&lt;int&gt; val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;int&gt; dp = List.filled(cap + 1, 0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (int c = cap; c &gt;= 1; c--) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &lt;= c) {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.rs<pre><code>/* 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn knapsack_dp_comp(wgt: &amp;[i32], val: &amp;[i32], cap: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = wgt.len();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![0; cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in 1..=n {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor c in (1..=cap).rev() {\nif wgt[i - 1] &lt;= c as i32 {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = std::cmp::max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1] as usize] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\ndp[cap]\n}\n</code></pre> knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.zig<pre><code>// 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn knapsackDPComp(wgt: []i32, val: []i32, comptime cap: usize) i32 {\nvar n = wgt.len;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_]i32{0} ** (cap + 1);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nvar c = cap;\nwhile (c &gt; 0) : (c -= 1) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &lt; c) {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = @max(dp[c], dp[c - @as(usize, @intCast(wgt[i - 1]))] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/summary/","title":"14.7 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6765\u89c4\u907f\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\uff08\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6c42\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u6781\u4f4e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</li> <li>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u9012\u5f52\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u5f0f\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u7684\u9012\u63a8\u5f0f\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u5982\u540c\u201c\u586b\u5199\u8868\u683c\u201d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c40\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002</li> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6784\u5efa\u5f97\u6765\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u6307\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5176\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u53ea\u4e0e\u8be5\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u6240\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5feb\u901f\u6c42\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898</p> <ul> <li>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u5177\u6709 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u80cc\u5305\u7b49\u53d8\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u5728\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(c\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u548c\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u4e24\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4f9d\u8d56\u6b63\u4e0a\u65b9\u548c\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u72b6\u6001\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u3002</li> <li>\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u6bcf\u79cd\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u91cf\u65e0\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9009\u62e9\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u4e0e 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6b63\u4e0a\u65b9\u548c\u6b63\u5de6\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\u5e94\u5f53\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</li> <li>\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u79cd\u3002\u5b83\u4ece\u6c42\u201c\u6700\u5927\u201d\u4ef7\u503c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6c42\u201c\u6700\u5c0f\u201d\u786c\u5e01\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684 \\(\\max()\\) \u5e94\u6539\u4e3a \\(\\min()\\) \u3002\u4ece\u6c42\u201c\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u201d\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u5230\u6c42\u201c\u6070\u597d\u201d\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528 \\(amt + 1\\) \u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u201d\u7684\u65e0\u6548\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II \u95ee\u9898\u4ece\u6c42\u201c\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u6539\u4e3a\u6c42\u201c\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u4ece \\(\\min()\\) \u6539\u4e3a\u6c42\u548c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898</p> <ul> <li>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff08Levenshtein \u8ddd\u79bb\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u3002</li> <li>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5c06 \\(s\\) \u7684\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a \\(t\\) \u7684\u524d \\(j\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u3002\u5f53 \\(s[i] \\ne t[j]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u636e\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u6784\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u800c\u5f53 \\(s[i] = t[j]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u7f16\u8f91\u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e2d\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u6b63\u4e0a\u65b9\u3001\u6b63\u5de6\u65b9\u3001\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u6b63\u5e8f\u6216\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6682\u5b58\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8f6c\u5316\u5230\u4e0e\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/","title":"14.5 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6c42\u89e3\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff0c\u518d\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\uff1a\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1451","title":"14.5.1 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a \\(wgt[i-1]\\)\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(val[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(cap\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u95ee\u5728\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u80fd\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-22 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u548c 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u533a\u522b\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9650\u5236\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6b21\u6570\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5728 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u524d \\(i-1\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u4e2a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e0b\uff0c\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, c]\\) \u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff1a\u4e0e 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u81f3 \\([i-1, c]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff1a\u4e0e 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u81f3 \\([i, c-wgt[i-1]]\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u800c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, c] = \\max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1]) \\]"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u9053\u9898\u76ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u5904\u4ece \\(i-1\\) \u53d8\u4e3a \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig unbounded_knapsack.py<pre><code>def unbounded_knapsack_dp(wgt: list[int], val: list[int], cap: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(wgt)\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [[0] * (cap + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\nfor c in range(1, cap + 1):\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c:\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c]\nelse:\n# \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])\nreturn dp[n][cap]\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint unboundedKnapsackDP(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;wgt, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.size();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp(n + 1, vector&lt;int&gt;(cap + 1, 0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.java<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint unboundedKnapsackDP(int[] wgt, int[] val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[][] dp = new int[n + 1][cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = Math.max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.cs<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint unboundedKnapsackDP(int[] wgt, int[] val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.Length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[,] dp = new int[n + 1, cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i, c] = dp[i - 1, c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i, c] = Math.Max(dp[i - 1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n, cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.go<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc unboundedKnapsackDP(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {\nn := len(wgt)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([][]int, n+1)\nfor i := 0; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i] = make([]int, cap+1)\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\nfor c := 1; c &lt;= cap; c++ {\nif wgt[i-1] &gt; c {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i-1][c]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[i-1][c]), float64(dp[i][c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap]\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.swift<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc unboundedKnapsackDP(wgt: [Int], val: [Int], cap: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = wgt.count\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: cap + 1), count: n + 1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\nfor c in stride(from: 1, through: cap, by: 1) {\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap]\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.js<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction unboundedKnapsackDP(wgt, val, cap) {\nconst n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: cap + 1 }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = Math.max(\ndp[i - 1][c],\ndp[i][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]\n);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.ts<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction unboundedKnapsackDP(\nwgt: Array&lt;number&gt;,\nval: Array&lt;number&gt;,\ncap: number\n): number {\nconst n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: cap + 1 }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = Math.max(\ndp[i - 1][c],\ndp[i][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]\n);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.dart<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint unboundedKnapsackDP(List&lt;int&gt; wgt, List&lt;int&gt; val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp = List.generate(n + 1, (index) =&gt; List.filled(cap + 1, 0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.rs<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn unbounded_knapsack_dp(wgt: &amp;[i32], val: &amp;[i32], cap: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = wgt.len();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![vec![0; cap + 1]; n + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in 1..=n {\nfor c in 1..=cap {\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c as i32 {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = std::cmp::max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i][c - wgt[i - 1] as usize] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.zig<pre><code>// \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn unboundedKnapsackDP(comptime wgt: []i32, val: []i32, comptime cap: usize) i32 {\ncomptime var n = wgt.len;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_][cap + 1]i32{[_]i32{0} ** (cap + 1)} ** (n + 1);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\nfor (1..cap + 1) |c| {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[i][c] = @max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i][c - @as(usize, @intCast(wgt[i - 1]))] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][cap];\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u91c7\u53d6\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0e 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u6b63\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u8bf7\u501f\u52a9\u56fe 14-23 \u6765\u7406\u89e3\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-23 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ef4\u5220\u9664\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig unbounded_knapsack.py<pre><code>def unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp(wgt: list[int], val: list[int], cap: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(wgt)\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [0] * (cap + 1)\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\n# \u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor c in range(1, cap + 1):\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c:\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c]\nelse:\n# \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])\nreturn dp[cap]\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint unboundedKnapsackDPComp(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;wgt, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.size();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;int&gt; dp(cap + 1, 0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.java<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint unboundedKnapsackDPComp(int[] wgt, int[] val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = Math.max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.cs<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint unboundedKnapsackDPComp(int[] wgt, int[] val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.Length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = Math.Max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.go<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc unboundedKnapsackDPComp(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {\nn := len(wgt)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([]int, cap+1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\nfor c := 1; c &lt;= cap; c++ {\nif wgt[i-1] &gt; c {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[c]), float64(dp[c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap]\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.swift<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc unboundedKnapsackDPComp(wgt: [Int], val: [Int], cap: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = wgt.count\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: cap + 1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\nfor c in stride(from: 1, through: cap, by: 1) {\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap]\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.js<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction unboundedKnapsackDPComp(wgt, val, cap) {\nconst n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: cap + 1 }, () =&gt; 0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = Math.max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.ts<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction unboundedKnapsackDPComp(\nwgt: Array&lt;number&gt;,\nval: Array&lt;number&gt;,\ncap: number\n): number {\nconst n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: cap + 1 }, () =&gt; 0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = Math.max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.dart<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint unboundedKnapsackDPComp(List&lt;int&gt; wgt, List&lt;int&gt; val, int cap) {\nint n = wgt.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;int&gt; dp = List.filled(cap + 1, 0);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int c = 1; c &lt;= cap; c++) {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.rs<pre><code>/* \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp(wgt: &amp;[i32], val: &amp;[i32], cap: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = wgt.len();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![0; cap + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in 1..=n {\nfor c in 1..=cap {\nif wgt[i - 1] &gt; c as i32 {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = std::cmp::max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1] as usize] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\ndp[cap]\n}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.zig<pre><code>// \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn unboundedKnapsackDPComp(comptime wgt: []i32, val: []i32, comptime cap: usize) i32 {\ncomptime var n = wgt.len;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_]i32{0} ** (cap + 1);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\nfor (1..cap + 1) |c| {\nif (wgt[i - 1] &gt; c) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i\ndp[c] = dp[c];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u7269\u54c1 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c\ndp[c] = @max(dp[c], dp[c - @as(usize, @intCast(wgt[i - 1]))] + val[i - 1]);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[cap];\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1452","title":"14.5.2 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u62e5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u53d8\u79cd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u7684\u9762\u503c\u4e3a \\(coins[i - 1]\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(amt\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u95ee\u80fd\u591f\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-24 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8054\u7cfb\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e24\u9053\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u201c\u7269\u54c1\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u201c\u786c\u5e01\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u201c\u786c\u5e01\u9762\u503c\u201d\u3001\u201c\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8981\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8981\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u786c\u5e01\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6c42\u201c\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u201d\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u662f\u6c42\u201c\u6070\u597d\u201d\u51d1\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230 \\(dp\\) \u8868</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, a]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\uff1a\u524d \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u80fd\u591f\u51d1\u51fa\u91d1\u989d \\(a\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(dp[i, a]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4e8c\u7ef4 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a \\((n+1) \\times (amt+1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b</p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u4e0e\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5dee\u5f02\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u672c\u9898\u8981\u6c42\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u5c06\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 \\(\\max()\\) \u66f4\u6539\u4e3a \\(\\min()\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4f18\u5316\u4e3b\u4f53\u662f\u786c\u5e01\u6570\u91cf\u800c\u975e\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u9009\u4e2d\u786c\u5e01\u65f6\u6267\u884c \\(+1\\) \u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ul> \\[ dp[i, a] = \\min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1) \\] <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f</p> <p>\u5f53\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u51d1\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5373\u9996\u5217\u6240\u6709 \\(dp[i, 0]\\) \u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u65e0\u786c\u5e01\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u4efb\u610f \\(&gt; 0\\) \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u65e0\u6548\u89e3\u3002\u4e3a\u4f7f\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684 \\(\\min()\\) \u51fd\u6570\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65e0\u6548\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528 \\(+ \\infty\\) \u6765\u8868\u793a\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u5373\u4ee4\u9996\u884c\u6240\u6709 \\(dp[0, a]\\) \u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(+ \\infty\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5e76\u672a\u63d0\u4f9b \\(+ \\infty\\) \u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6574\u578b <code>int</code> \u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u53c8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u6570\u8d8a\u754c\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684 \\(+ 1\\) \u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u6570\u5b57 \\(amt + 1\\) \u6765\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u6548\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u51d1\u51fa \\(amt\\) \u7684\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\u6700\u591a\u4e3a \\(amt\\) \u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u524d\uff0c\u5224\u65ad \\(dp[n, amt]\\) \u662f\u5426\u7b49\u4e8e \\(amt + 1\\) \uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change.py<pre><code>def coin_change_dp(coins: list[int], amt: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(coins)\nMAX = amt + 1\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [[0] * (amt + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)]\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor a in range(1, amt + 1):\ndp[0][a] = MAX\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\nfor a in range(1, amt + 1):\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a:\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a]\nelse:\n# \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = min(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]] + 1)\nreturn dp[n][amt] if dp[n][amt] != MAX else -1\n</code></pre> coin_change.cpp<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeDP(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.size();\nint MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp(n + 1, vector&lt;int&gt;(amt + 1, 0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\ndp[0][a] = MAX;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = min(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt] != MAX ? dp[n][amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.java<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeDP(int[] coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.length;\nint MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[][] dp = new int[n + 1][amt + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\ndp[0][a] = MAX;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = Math.min(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt] != MAX ? dp[n][amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.cs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeDP(int[] coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.Length;\nint MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[,] dp = new int[n + 1, amt + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\ndp[0, a] = MAX;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i, a] = dp[i - 1, a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i, a] = Math.Min(dp[i - 1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n, amt] != MAX ? dp[n, amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.go<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc coinChangeDP(coins []int, amt int) int {\nn := len(coins)\nmax := amt + 1\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([][]int, n+1)\nfor i := 0; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i] = make([]int, amt+1)\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor a := 1; a &lt;= amt; a++ {\ndp[0][a] = max\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\nfor a := 1; a &lt;= amt; a++ {\nif coins[i-1] &gt; a {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i-1][a]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i-1][a]), float64(dp[i][a-coins[i-1]]+1)))\n}\n}\n}\nif dp[n][amt] != max {\nreturn dp[n][amt]\n}\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.swift<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc coinChangeDP(coins: [Int], amt: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = coins.count\nlet MAX = amt + 1\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: amt + 1), count: n + 1)\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor a in stride(from: 1, through: amt, by: 1) {\ndp[0][a] = MAX\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\nfor a in stride(from: 1, through: amt, by: 1) {\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = min(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]] + 1)\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt] != MAX ? dp[n][amt] : -1\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.js<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction coinChangeDP(coins, amt) {\nconst n = coins.length;\nconst MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: amt + 1 }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\ndp[0][a] = MAX;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = Math.min(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt] !== MAX ? dp[n][amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.ts<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction coinChangeDP(coins: Array&lt;number&gt;, amt: number): number {\nconst n = coins.length;\nconst MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: amt + 1 }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\ndp[0][a] = MAX;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = Math.min(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt] !== MAX ? dp[n][amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.dart<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeDP(List&lt;int&gt; coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.length;\nint MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp = List.generate(n + 1, (index) =&gt; List.filled(amt + 1, 0));\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\ndp[0][a] = MAX;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = min(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt] != MAX ? dp[n][amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.rs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn coin_change_dp(coins: &amp;[i32], amt: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = coins.len();\nlet max = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![vec![0; amt + 1]; n + 1];\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor a in 1..= amt {\ndp[0][a] = max;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i in 1..=n {\nfor a in 1..=amt {\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a as i32 {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = std::cmp::min(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1] as usize] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nif dp[n][amt] != max { return dp[n][amt] as i32; } else { -1 }\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.zig<pre><code>// \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn coinChangeDP(comptime coins: []i32, comptime amt: usize) i32 {\ncomptime var n = coins.len;\ncomptime var max = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_][amt + 1]i32{[_]i32{0} ** (amt + 1)} ** (n + 1);\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\nfor (1..amt + 1) |a| {\ndp[0][a] = max;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\nfor (1..amt + 1) |a| {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; @as(i32, @intCast(a))) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = @min(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - @as(usize, @intCast(coins[i - 1]))] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nif (dp[n][amt] != max) {\nreturn @intCast(dp[n][amt]);\n} else {\nreturn -1;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-25 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt;&lt;13&gt;&lt;14&gt;&lt;15&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-25 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#3_1","title":"3. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change.py<pre><code>def coin_change_dp_comp(coins: list[int], amt: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(coins)\nMAX = amt + 1\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [MAX] * (amt + 1)\ndp[0] = 0\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\n# \u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor a in range(1, amt + 1):\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a:\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a]\nelse:\n# \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = min(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1)\nreturn dp[amt] if dp[amt] != MAX else -1\n</code></pre> coin_change.cpp<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeDPComp(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.size();\nint MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;int&gt; dp(amt + 1, MAX);\ndp[0] = 0;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = min(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt] != MAX ? dp[amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.java<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeDPComp(int[] coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.length;\nint MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[amt + 1];\nArrays.fill(dp, MAX);\ndp[0] = 0;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = Math.min(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt] != MAX ? dp[amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.cs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeDPComp(int[] coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.Length;\nint MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[amt + 1];\nArray.Fill(dp, MAX);\ndp[0] = 0;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = Math.Min(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt] != MAX ? dp[amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.go<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc coinChangeDPComp(coins []int, amt int) int {\nn := len(coins)\nmax := amt + 1\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([]int, amt+1)\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= amt; i++ {\ndp[i] = max\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor a := 1; a &lt;= amt; a++ {\nif coins[i-1] &gt; a {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[a]), float64(dp[a-coins[i-1]]+1)))\n}\n}\n}\nif dp[amt] != max {\nreturn dp[amt]\n}\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.swift<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc coinChangeDPComp(coins: [Int], amt: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = coins.count\nlet MAX = amt + 1\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: MAX, count: amt + 1)\ndp[0] = 0\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\nfor a in stride(from: 1, through: amt, by: 1) {\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = min(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1)\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt] != MAX ? dp[amt] : -1\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.js<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction coinChangeDPComp(coins, amt) {\nconst n = coins.length;\nconst MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: amt + 1 }, () =&gt; MAX);\ndp[0] = 0;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = Math.min(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt] !== MAX ? dp[amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.ts<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction coinChangeDPComp(coins: Array&lt;number&gt;, amt: number): number {\nconst n = coins.length;\nconst MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: amt + 1 }, () =&gt; MAX);\ndp[0] = 0;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = Math.min(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt] !== MAX ? dp[amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.dart<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeDPComp(List&lt;int&gt; coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.length;\nint MAX = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;int&gt; dp = List.filled(amt + 1, MAX);\ndp[0] = 0;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = min(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt] != MAX ? dp[amt] : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.rs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn coin_change_dp_comp(coins: &amp;[i32], amt: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = coins.len();\nlet max = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![0; amt + 1];\ndp.fill(max);\ndp[0] = 0;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in 1..=n {\nfor a in 1..=amt {\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a as i32 {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = std::cmp::min(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1] as usize] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nif dp[amt] != max { return dp[amt] as i32; } else { -1 }\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.zig<pre><code>// \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn coinChangeDPComp(comptime coins: []i32, comptime amt: usize) i32 {\ncomptime var n = coins.len;\ncomptime var max = amt + 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_]i32{0} ** (amt + 1);\n@memset(&amp;dp, max);\ndp[0] = 0;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\nfor (1..amt + 1) |a| {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; @as(i32, @intCast(a))) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = @min(dp[a], dp[a - @as(usize, @intCast(coins[i - 1]))] + 1);\n}\n}\n}\nif (dp[amt] != max) {\nreturn @intCast(dp[amt]);\n} else {\nreturn -1;\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1453-ii","title":"14.5.3 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898 II","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u7684\u9762\u503c\u4e3a \\(coins[i - 1]\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(amt\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u95ee\u5728\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-26 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898 II \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1_2","title":"1. \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e00\u9898\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a\u524d \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u80fd\u591f\u51d1\u51fa\u91d1\u989d \\(a\\) \u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u800c \\(dp\\) \u8868\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a \\((n+1) \\times (amt + 1)\\) \u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u77e9\u9635\u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9009\u5f53\u524d\u786c\u5e01\u4e0e\u9009\u5f53\u524d\u786c\u5e01\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u548c\u3002\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, a] = dp[i-1, a] + dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] \\] <p>\u5f53\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u9009\u62e9\u4efb\u4f55\u786c\u5e01\u5373\u53ef\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u5c06\u9996\u5217\u6240\u6709 \\(dp[i, 0]\\) \u90fd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u3002\u5f53\u65e0\u786c\u5e01\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55 \\(&gt;0\\) \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9996\u884c\u6240\u6709 \\(dp[0, a]\\) \u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#2_2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change_ii.py<pre><code>def coin_change_ii_dp(coins: list[int], amt: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(coins)\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [[0] * (amt + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)]\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor i in range(n + 1):\ndp[i][0] = 1\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\nfor a in range(1, amt + 1):\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a:\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a]\nelse:\n# \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a] + dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]]\nreturn dp[n][amt]\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.cpp<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeIIDP(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.size();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp(n + 1, vector&lt;int&gt;(amt + 1, 0));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = 1;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a] + dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.java<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeIIDP(int[] coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[][] dp = new int[n + 1][amt + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = 1;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a] + dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.cs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeIIDP(int[] coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.Length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[,] dp = new int[n + 1, amt + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i, 0] = 1;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i, a] = dp[i - 1, a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[i, a] = dp[i - 1, a] + dp[i, a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n, amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.go<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc coinChangeIIDP(coins []int, amt int) int {\nn := len(coins)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([][]int, n+1)\nfor i := 0; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i] = make([]int, amt+1)\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor i := 0; i &lt;= n; i++ {\ndp[i][0] = 1\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a\u5176\u4f59\u884c\u5217\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\nfor a := 1; a &lt;= amt; a++ {\nif coins[i-1] &gt; a {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i-1][a]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i-1][a] + dp[i][a-coins[i-1]]\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt]\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.swift<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc coinChangeIIDP(coins: [Int], amt: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = coins.count\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: amt + 1), count: n + 1)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor i in stride(from: 0, through: n, by: 1) {\ndp[i][0] = 1\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\nfor a in stride(from: 1, through: amt, by: 1) {\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a] + dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]]\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt]\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.js<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction coinChangeIIDP(coins, amt) {\nconst n = coins.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: amt + 1 }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = 1;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a] + dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.ts<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction coinChangeIIDP(coins: Array&lt;number&gt;, amt: number): number {\nconst n = coins.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () =&gt;\nArray.from({ length: amt + 1 }, () =&gt; 0)\n);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = 1;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a] + dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.dart<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeIIDP(List&lt;int&gt; coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; dp = List.generate(n + 1, (index) =&gt; List.filled(amt + 1, 0));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt;= n; i++) {\ndp[i][0] = 1;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a] + dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.rs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn coin_change_ii_dp(coins: &amp;[i32], amt: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = coins.len();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![vec![0; amt + 1]; n + 1];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor i in 0..= n {\ndp[i][0] = 1;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in 1..=n {\nfor a in 1..=amt {\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a as i32 {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a] + dp[i][a - coins[i - 1] as usize];\n}\n}\n}\ndp[n][amt]\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.zig<pre><code>// \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn coinChangeIIDP(comptime coins: []i32, comptime amt: usize) i32 {\ncomptime var n = coins.len;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_][amt + 1]i32{[_]i32{0} ** (amt + 1)} ** (n + 1);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\nfor (0..n + 1) |i| {\ndp[i][0] = 1;\n}\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\nfor (1..amt + 1) |a| {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; @as(i32, @intCast(a))) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a] + dp[i][a - @as(usize, @intCast(coins[i - 1]))];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[n][amt];\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#3_2","title":"3. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u786c\u5e01\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change_ii.py<pre><code>def coin_change_ii_dp_comp(coins: list[int], amt: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\"\"\"\nn = len(coins)\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp = [0] * (amt + 1)\ndp[0] = 1\n# \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in range(1, n + 1):\n# \u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor a in range(1, amt + 1):\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a:\n# \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a]\nelse:\n# \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - coins[i - 1]]\nreturn dp[amt]\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.cpp<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeIIDPComp(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.size();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvector&lt;int&gt; dp(amt + 1, 0);\ndp[0] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.java<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeIIDPComp(int[] coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[amt + 1];\ndp[0] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.cs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeIIDPComp(int[] coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.Length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nint[] dp = new int[amt + 1];\ndp[0] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.go<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc coinChangeIIDPComp(coins []int, amt int) int {\nn := len(coins)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\ndp := make([]int, amt+1)\ndp[0] = 1\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i := 1; i &lt;= n; i++ {\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor a := 1; a &lt;= amt; a++ {\nif coins[i-1] &gt; a {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a-coins[i-1]]\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt]\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.swift<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunc coinChangeIIDPComp(coins: [Int], amt: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet n = coins.count\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: amt + 1)\ndp[0] = 1\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in stride(from: 1, through: n, by: 1) {\nfor a in stride(from: 1, through: amt, by: 1) {\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a]\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - coins[i - 1]]\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt]\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.js<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction coinChangeIIDPComp(coins, amt) {\nconst n = coins.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: amt + 1 }, () =&gt; 0);\ndp[0] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.ts<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfunction coinChangeIIDPComp(coins: Array&lt;number&gt;, amt: number): number {\nconst n = coins.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nconst dp = Array.from({ length: amt + 1 }, () =&gt; 0);\ndp[0] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (let a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.dart<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nint coinChangeIIDPComp(List&lt;int&gt; coins, int amt) {\nint n = coins.length;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nList&lt;int&gt; dp = List.filled(amt + 1, 0);\ndp[0] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt;= n; i++) {\nfor (int a = 1; a &lt;= amt; a++) {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; a) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u548c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - coins[i - 1]];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt];\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.rs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 */\nfn coin_change_ii_dp_comp(coins: &amp;[i32], amt: usize) -&gt; i32 {\nlet n = coins.len();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nlet mut dp = vec![0; amt + 1];\ndp[0] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor i in 1..=n {\nfor a in 1..=amt {\nif coins[i - 1] &gt; a as i32 {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - coins[i - 1] as usize];\n}\n}\n}\ndp[amt]\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.zig<pre><code>// \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\nfn coinChangeIIDPComp(comptime coins: []i32, comptime amt: usize) i32 {\ncomptime var n = coins.len;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 dp \u8868\nvar dp = [_]i32{0} ** (amt + 1);\ndp[0] = 1;\n// \u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\nfor (1..n + 1) |i| {\nfor (1..amt + 1) |a| {\nif (coins[i - 1] &gt; @as(i32, @intCast(a))) {\n// \u82e5\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i\ndp[a] = dp[a];\n} else {\n// \u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u786c\u5e01 i \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u503c\ndp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a - @as(usize, @intCast(coins[i - 1]))];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn dp[amt];\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/","title":"\u7b2c 9 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u56fe","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5728\u751f\u547d\u65c5\u9014\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u88ab\u65e0\u6570\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u8fb9\u76f8\u8fde\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u76f8\u8bc6\u4e0e\u76f8\u79bb\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u5f20\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u56fe\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5370\u8bb0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>9.1 \u00a0 \u56fe</li> <li>9.2 \u00a0 \u56fe\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c</li> <li>9.3 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386</li> <li>9.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/","title":"9.1 \u00a0 \u56fe","text":"<p>\u300c\u56fe graph\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7531\u300c\u9876\u70b9 vertex\u300d\u548c\u300c\u8fb9 edge\u300d\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u56fe \\(G\\) \u62bd\u8c61\u5730\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u9876\u70b9 \\(V\\) \u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fb9 \\(E\\) \u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b 5 \u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u548c 7 \u6761\u8fb9\u7684\u56fe\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} V &amp; = \\{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 \\} \\newline E &amp; = \\{ (1,2), (1,3), (1,5), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (4,5) \\} \\newline G &amp; = \\{ V, E \\} \\newline \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u9876\u70b9\u770b\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u8fb9\u770b\u4f5c\u8fde\u63a5\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u56fe\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u62d3\u5c55\u800c\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5982\u56fe 9-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u548c\u5206\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u6811\uff09\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u56fe\uff09\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-1 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u56fe\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb </p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#911","title":"9.1.1 \u00a0 \u56fe\u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u672f\u8bed","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e\u8fb9\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u56fe 9-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u300c\u65e0\u5411\u56fe undirected graph\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6709\u5411\u56fe directed graph\u300d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fb9\u8868\u793a\u4e24\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u53cc\u5411\u201d\u8fde\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5fae\u4fe1\u6216 QQ \u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u597d\u53cb\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6709\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fb9\u5177\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u6027\uff0c\u5373 \\(A \\rightarrow B\\) \u548c \\(A \\leftarrow B\\) \u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5fae\u535a\u6216\u6296\u97f3\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5173\u6ce8\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u88ab\u5173\u6ce8\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-2 \u00a0 \u6709\u5411\u56fe\u4e0e\u65e0\u5411\u56fe </p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u662f\u5426\u8fde\u901a\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u56fe 9-3 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u300c\u8fde\u901a\u56fe connected graph\u300d\u548c\u300c\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe disconnected graph\u300d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u8fbe\u5176\u4f59\u4efb\u610f\u9876\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u65e0\u6cd5\u5230\u8fbe\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-3 \u00a0 \u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u4e0e\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fb9\u6dfb\u52a0\u201c\u6743\u91cd\u201d\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u56fe 9-4 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u300c\u6709\u6743\u56fe weighted graph\u300d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u738b\u8005\u8363\u8000\u7b49\u624b\u6e38\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5171\u540c\u6e38\u620f\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u73a9\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6709\u6743\u56fe\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-4 \u00a0 \u6709\u6743\u56fe\u4e0e\u65e0\u6743\u56fe </p> <p>\u56fe\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u300c\u90bb\u63a5 adjacency\u300d\uff1a\u5f53\u4e24\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u8fb9\u76f8\u8fde\u65f6\uff0c\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e24\u9876\u70b9\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u201d\u3002\u5728\u56fe 9-4 \u4e2d\uff0c\u9876\u70b9 1 \u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u4e3a\u9876\u70b9 2\u30013\u30015\u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u8def\u5f84 path\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u9876\u70b9 A \u5230\u9876\u70b9 B \u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4ece A \u5230 B \u7684\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u201d\u3002\u5728\u56fe 9-4 \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217 1-5-2-4 \u662f\u9876\u70b9 1 \u5230\u9876\u70b9 4 \u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u5ea6 degree\u300d\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u8fb9\u6570\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u300c\u5165\u5ea6 In-Degree\u300d\u8868\u793a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6761\u8fb9\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u300c\u51fa\u5ea6 Out-Degree\u300d\u8868\u793a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6761\u8fb9\u4ece\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u6307\u51fa\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#912","title":"9.1.2 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>\u56fe\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u201d\u548c\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3e\u4f8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u56fe\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u300c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 adjacency matrix\u300d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a \\(n \\times n\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\uff08\u5217\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u77e9\u9635\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u8fb9\uff0c\u7528 \\(1\\) \u6216 \\(0\\) \u8868\u793a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u8fb9\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 9-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8bbe\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e3a \\(M\\)\u3001\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e3a \\(V\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u77e9\u9635\u5143\u7d20 \\(M[i, j] = 1\\) \u8868\u793a\u9876\u70b9 \\(V[i]\\) \u5230\u9876\u70b9 \\(V[j]\\) \u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u8fb9\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b \\(M[i, j] = 0\\) \u8868\u793a\u4e24\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u8fb9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-5 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9876\u70b9\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5143\u7d20\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u7b49\u4ef7\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5173\u4e8e\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4ece \\(1\\) \u548c \\(0\\) \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u6709\u6743\u56fe\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u8868\u793a\u56fe\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u77e9\u9635\u5143\u7d20\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u8fb9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u8f83\u591a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u8868","text":"<p>\u300c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 adjacency list\u300d\u4f7f\u7528 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u9876\u70b9\u3002\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u6761\u94fe\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u9876\u70b9 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4e0e\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff09\u3002\u56fe 9-6 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u56fe\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-6 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4ec5\u5b58\u50a8\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8fb9\uff0c\u800c\u8fb9\u7684\u603b\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u8fdc\u5c0f\u4e8e \\(n^2\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u66f4\u52a0\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u4e0d\u5982\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 9-6 \uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u201d\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5f53\u94fe\u8868\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a AVL \u6811\u6216\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u4ece \\(O(n)\\) \u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff1b\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#913","title":"9.1.3 \u00a0 \u56fe\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u5982\u8868 9-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u56fe\u6765\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ea6\u5316\u4e3a\u56fe\u8ba1\u7b97\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 9-1 \u00a0 \u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u56fe </p> \u9876\u70b9 \u8fb9 \u56fe\u8ba1\u7b97\u95ee\u9898 \u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc \u7528\u6237 \u597d\u53cb\u5173\u7cfb \u6f5c\u5728\u597d\u53cb\u63a8\u8350 \u5730\u94c1\u7ebf\u8def \u7ad9\u70b9 \u7ad9\u70b9\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u6027 \u6700\u77ed\u8def\u7ebf\u63a8\u8350 \u592a\u9633\u7cfb \u661f\u4f53 \u661f\u4f53\u95f4\u7684\u4e07\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u4f5c\u7528 \u884c\u661f\u8f68\u9053\u8ba1\u7b97"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_operations/","title":"9.2 \u00a0 \u56fe\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u5bf9\u201c\u8fb9\u201d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5bf9\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u201d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u201d\u548c\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u201d\u4e24\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_operations/#921","title":"9.2.1 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u5219\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u56fe 9-7 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8fb9\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u3002</li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5168\u90e8\u586b \\(0\\) \u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u5217\u3002\u5f53\u5220\u9664\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\u65f6\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06 \\((n-1)^2\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u201c\u5411\u5de6\u4e0a\u79fb\u52a8\u201d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a\u4f20\u5165 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 <code>vertices</code> \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u521d\u59cb\u5316 \\(n \\times n\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 <code>adjMat</code> \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-7 \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u589e\u5220\u8fb9\u3001\u589e\u5220\u9876\u70b9 </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u8868\u793a\u56fe\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig graph_adjacency_matrix.py<pre><code>class GraphAdjMat:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b\"\"\"\n# \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nvertices: list[int] = []\n# \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nadj_mat: list[list[int]] = []\ndef __init__(self, vertices: list[int], edges: list[list[int]]):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.vertices: list[int] = []\nself.adj_mat: list[list[int]] = []\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nfor val in vertices:\nself.add_vertex(val)\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n# \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfor e in edges:\nself.add_edge(e[0], e[1])\ndef size(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\"\"\"\nreturn len(self.vertices)\ndef add_vertex(self, val: int):\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\"\"\"\nn = self.size()\n# \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nself.vertices.append(val)\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nnew_row = [0] * n\nself.adj_mat.append(new_row)\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nfor row in self.adj_mat:\nrow.append(0)\ndef remove_vertex(self, index: int):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\"\"\"\nif index &gt;= self.size():\nraise IndexError()\n# \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\nself.vertices.pop(index)\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\nself.adj_mat.pop(index)\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nfor row in self.adj_mat:\nrow.pop(index)\ndef add_edge(self, i: int, j: int):\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\"\"\"\n# \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\n# \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif i &lt; 0 or j &lt; 0 or i &gt;= self.size() or j &gt;= self.size() or i == j:\nraise IndexError()\n# \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) == (j, i)\nself.adj_mat[i][j] = 1\nself.adj_mat[j][i] = 1\ndef remove_edge(self, i: int, j: int):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\"\"\"\n# \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\n# \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif i &lt; 0 or j &lt; 0 or i &gt;= self.size() or j &gt;= self.size() or i == j:\nraise IndexError()\nself.adj_mat[i][j] = 0\nself.adj_mat[j][i] = 0\ndef print(self):\n\"\"\"\u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\"\"\"\nprint(\"\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 =\", self.vertices)\nprint(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 =\")\nprint_matrix(self.adj_mat)\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.cpp<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjMat {\nvector&lt;int&gt; vertices;       // \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nvector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; adjMat; // \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\npublic:\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nGraphAdjMat(const vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;vertices, const vector&lt;vector&lt;int&gt;&gt; &amp;edges) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nfor (int val : vertices) {\naddVertex(val);\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (const vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;edge : edges) {\naddEdge(edge[0], edge[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nint size() const {\nreturn vertices.size();\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid addVertex(int val) {\nint n = size();\n// \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nvertices.push_back(val);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nadjMat.emplace_back(vector&lt;int&gt;(n, 0));\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nfor (vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;row : adjMat) {\nrow.push_back(0);\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid removeVertex(int index) {\nif (index &gt;= size()) {\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u9876\u70b9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\");\n}\n// \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvertices.erase(vertices.begin() + index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\nadjMat.erase(adjMat.begin() + index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nfor (vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;row : adjMat) {\nrow.erase(row.begin() + index);\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nvoid addEdge(int i, int j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j) {\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u9876\u70b9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\");\n}\n// \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) == (j, i)\nadjMat[i][j] = 1;\nadjMat[j][i] = 1;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nvoid removeEdge(int i, int j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j) {\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u9876\u70b9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\");\n}\nadjMat[i][j] = 0;\nadjMat[j][i] = 0;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\nvoid print() {\ncout &lt;&lt; \"\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = \";\nprintVector(vertices);\ncout &lt;&lt; \"\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 =\" &lt;&lt; endl;\nprintVectorMatrix(adjMat);\n}\n};\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.java<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjMat {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; vertices; // \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nList&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; adjMat; // \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic GraphAdjMat(int[] vertices, int[][] edges) {\nthis.vertices = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nthis.adjMat = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nfor (int val : vertices) {\naddVertex(val);\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int[] e : edges) {\naddEdge(e[0], e[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\npublic int size() {\nreturn vertices.size();\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic void addVertex(int val) {\nint n = size();\n// \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nvertices.add(val);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nList&lt;Integer&gt; newRow = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(n);\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\nnewRow.add(0);\n}\nadjMat.add(newRow);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nfor (List&lt;Integer&gt; row : adjMat) {\nrow.add(0);\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic void removeVertex(int index) {\nif (index &gt;= size())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\n// \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvertices.remove(index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\nadjMat.remove(index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nfor (List&lt;Integer&gt; row : adjMat) {\nrow.remove(index);\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\npublic void addEdge(int i, int j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j)\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\n// \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) == (j, i)\nadjMat.get(i).set(j, 1);\nadjMat.get(j).set(i, 1);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\npublic void removeEdge(int i, int j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j)\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nadjMat.get(i).set(j, 0);\nadjMat.get(j).set(i, 0);\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\npublic void print() {\nSystem.out.print(\"\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = \");\nSystem.out.println(vertices);\nSystem.out.println(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 =\");\nPrintUtil.printMatrix(adjMat);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.cs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjMat {\nList&lt;int&gt; vertices;     // \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; adjMat; // \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\npublic GraphAdjMat(int[] vertices, int[][] edges) {\nthis.vertices = new List&lt;int&gt;();\nthis.adjMat = new List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt;();\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nforeach (int val in vertices) {\naddVertex(val);\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nforeach (int[] e in edges) {\naddEdge(e[0], e[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\npublic int size() {\nreturn vertices.Count;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic void addVertex(int val) {\nint n = size();\n// \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nvertices.Add(val);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nList&lt;int&gt; newRow = new List&lt;int&gt;(n);\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\nnewRow.Add(0);\n}\nadjMat.Add(newRow);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nforeach (List&lt;int&gt; row in adjMat) {\nrow.Add(0);\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic void removeVertex(int index) {\nif (index &gt;= size())\nthrow new IndexOutOfRangeException();\n// \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvertices.RemoveAt(index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\nadjMat.RemoveAt(index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nforeach (List&lt;int&gt; row in adjMat) {\nrow.RemoveAt(index);\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\npublic void addEdge(int i, int j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j)\nthrow new IndexOutOfRangeException();\n// \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) == (j, i)\nadjMat[i][j] = 1;\nadjMat[j][i] = 1;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\npublic void removeEdge(int i, int j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j)\nthrow new IndexOutOfRangeException();\nadjMat[i][j] = 0;\nadjMat[j][i] = 0;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\npublic void print() {\nConsole.Write(\"\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = \");\nPrintUtil.PrintList(vertices);\nConsole.WriteLine(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 =\");\nPrintUtil.PrintMatrix(adjMat);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.go<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\ntype graphAdjMat struct {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nvertices []int\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nadjMat [][]int\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc newGraphAdjMat(vertices []int, edges [][]int) *graphAdjMat {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nn := len(vertices)\nadjMat := make([][]int, n)\nfor i := range adjMat {\nadjMat[i] = make([]int, n)\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u56fe\ng := &amp;graphAdjMat{\nvertices: vertices,\nadjMat:   adjMat,\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i := range edges {\ng.addEdge(edges[i][0], edges[i][1])\n}\nreturn g\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nfunc (g *graphAdjMat) size() int {\nreturn len(g.vertices)\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\nfunc (g *graphAdjMat) addVertex(val int) {\nn := g.size()\n// \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\ng.vertices = append(g.vertices, val)\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nnewRow := make([]int, n)\ng.adjMat = append(g.adjMat, newRow)\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nfor i := range g.adjMat {\ng.adjMat[i] = append(g.adjMat[i], 0)\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nfunc (g *graphAdjMat) removeVertex(index int) {\nif index &gt;= g.size() {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\ng.vertices = append(g.vertices[:index], g.vertices[index+1:]...)\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\ng.adjMat = append(g.adjMat[:index], g.adjMat[index+1:]...)\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nfor i := range g.adjMat {\ng.adjMat[i] = append(g.adjMat[i][:index], g.adjMat[i][index+1:]...)\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfunc (g *graphAdjMat) addEdge(i, j int) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= g.size() || j &gt;= g.size() || i == j {\nfmt.Errorf(\"%s\", \"Index Out Of Bounds Exception\")\n}\n// \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) == (j, i)\ng.adjMat[i][j] = 1\ng.adjMat[j][i] = 1\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfunc (g *graphAdjMat) removeEdge(i, j int) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= g.size() || j &gt;= g.size() || i == j {\nfmt.Errorf(\"%s\", \"Index Out Of Bounds Exception\")\n}\ng.adjMat[i][j] = 0\ng.adjMat[j][i] = 0\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\nfunc (g *graphAdjMat) print() {\nfmt.Printf(\"\\t\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = %v\\n\", g.vertices)\nfmt.Printf(\"\\t\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 = \\n\")\nfor i := range g.adjMat {\nfmt.Printf(\"\\t\\t\\t%v\\n\", g.adjMat[i])\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.swift<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjMat {\nprivate var vertices: [Int] // \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nprivate var adjMat: [[Int]] // \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\ninit(vertices: [Int], edges: [[Int]]) {\nself.vertices = []\nadjMat = []\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nfor val in vertices {\naddVertex(val: val)\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfor e in edges {\naddEdge(i: e[0], j: e[1])\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nfunc size() -&gt; Int {\nvertices.count\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\nfunc addVertex(val: Int) {\nlet n = size()\n// \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nvertices.append(val)\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nlet newRow = Array(repeating: 0, count: n)\nadjMat.append(newRow)\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nfor i in adjMat.indices {\nadjMat[i].append(0)\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nfunc removeVertex(index: Int) {\nif index &gt;= size() {\nfatalError(\"\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\n// \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvertices.remove(at: index)\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\nadjMat.remove(at: index)\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nfor i in adjMat.indices {\nadjMat[i].remove(at: index)\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfunc addEdge(i: Int, j: Int) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j {\nfatalError(\"\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\n// \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) == (j, i)\nadjMat[i][j] = 1\nadjMat[j][i] = 1\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfunc removeEdge(i: Int, j: Int) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j {\nfatalError(\"\u8d8a\u754c\")\n}\nadjMat[i][j] = 0\nadjMat[j][i] = 0\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\nfunc print() {\nSwift.print(\"\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = \", terminator: \"\")\nSwift.print(vertices)\nSwift.print(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 =\")\nPrintUtil.printMatrix(matrix: adjMat)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.js<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjMat {\nvertices; // \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nadjMat; // \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nconstructor(vertices, edges) {\nthis.vertices = [];\nthis.adjMat = [];\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nfor (const val of vertices) {\nthis.addVertex(val);\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (const e of edges) {\nthis.addEdge(e[0], e[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nsize() {\nreturn this.vertices.length;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\naddVertex(val) {\nconst n = this.size();\n// \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nthis.vertices.push(val);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nconst newRow = [];\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\nnewRow.push(0);\n}\nthis.adjMat.push(newRow);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nfor (const row of this.adjMat) {\nrow.push(0);\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nremoveVertex(index) {\nif (index &gt;= this.size()) {\nthrow new RangeError('Index Out Of Bounds Exception');\n}\n// \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\nthis.vertices.splice(index, 1);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\nthis.adjMat.splice(index, 1);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nfor (const row of this.adjMat) {\nrow.splice(index, 1);\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\naddEdge(i, j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= this.size() || j &gt;= this.size() || i === j) {\nthrow new RangeError('Index Out Of Bounds Exception');\n}\n// \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) === (j, i)\nthis.adjMat[i][j] = 1;\nthis.adjMat[j][i] = 1;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nremoveEdge(i, j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= this.size() || j &gt;= this.size() || i === j) {\nthrow new RangeError('Index Out Of Bounds Exception');\n}\nthis.adjMat[i][j] = 0;\nthis.adjMat[j][i] = 0;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\nprint() {\nconsole.log('\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = ', this.vertices);\nconsole.log('\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 =', this.adjMat);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.ts<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjMat {\nvertices: number[]; // \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nadjMat: number[][]; // \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nconstructor(vertices: number[], edges: number[][]) {\nthis.vertices = [];\nthis.adjMat = [];\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nfor (const val of vertices) {\nthis.addVertex(val);\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (const e of edges) {\nthis.addEdge(e[0], e[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nsize(): number {\nreturn this.vertices.length;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\naddVertex(val: number): void {\nconst n: number = this.size();\n// \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nthis.vertices.push(val);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nconst newRow: number[] = [];\nfor (let j: number = 0; j &lt; n; j++) {\nnewRow.push(0);\n}\nthis.adjMat.push(newRow);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nfor (const row of this.adjMat) {\nrow.push(0);\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nremoveVertex(index: number): void {\nif (index &gt;= this.size()) {\nthrow new RangeError('Index Out Of Bounds Exception');\n}\n// \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\nthis.vertices.splice(index, 1);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\nthis.adjMat.splice(index, 1);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nfor (const row of this.adjMat) {\nrow.splice(index, 1);\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\naddEdge(i: number, j: number): void {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= this.size() || j &gt;= this.size() || i === j) {\nthrow new RangeError('Index Out Of Bounds Exception');\n}\n// \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) === (j, i)\nthis.adjMat[i][j] = 1;\nthis.adjMat[j][i] = 1;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nremoveEdge(i: number, j: number): void {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= this.size() || j &gt;= this.size() || i === j) {\nthrow new RangeError('Index Out Of Bounds Exception');\n}\nthis.adjMat[i][j] = 0;\nthis.adjMat[j][i] = 0;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\nprint(): void {\nconsole.log('\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = ', this.vertices);\nconsole.log('\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 =', this.adjMat);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.dart<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjMat {\nList&lt;int&gt; vertices = []; // \u9876\u70b9\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nList&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; adjMat = []; //\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nGraphAdjMat(List&lt;int&gt; vertices, List&lt;List&lt;int&gt;&gt; edges) {\nthis.vertices = [];\nthis.adjMat = [];\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nfor (int val in vertices) {\naddVertex(val);\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (List&lt;int&gt; e in edges) {\naddEdge(e[0], e[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nint size() {\nreturn vertices.length;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid addVertex(int val) {\nint n = size();\n// \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nvertices.add(val);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nList&lt;int&gt; newRow = List.filled(n, 0, growable: true);\nadjMat.add(newRow);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nfor (List&lt;int&gt; row in adjMat) {\nrow.add(0);\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid removeVertex(int index) {\nif (index &gt;= size()) {\nthrow IndexError;\n}\n// \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvertices.removeAt(index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\nadjMat.removeAt(index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nfor (List&lt;int&gt; row in adjMat) {\nrow.removeAt(index);\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nvoid addEdge(int i, int j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j) {\nthrow IndexError;\n}\n// \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) == (j, i)\nadjMat[i][j] = 1;\nadjMat[j][i] = 1;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nvoid removeEdge(int i, int j) {\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() || j &gt;= size() || i == j) {\nthrow IndexError;\n}\nadjMat[i][j] = 0;\nadjMat[j][i] = 0;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\nvoid printAdjMat() {\nprint(\"\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = $vertices\");\nprint(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 = \");\nprintMatrix(adjMat);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.rs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b\u578b */\npub struct GraphAdjMat {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\npub vertices: Vec&lt;i32&gt;,\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\npub adj_mat: Vec&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;,\n}\nimpl GraphAdjMat {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npub fn new(vertices: Vec&lt;i32&gt;, edges: Vec&lt;[usize; 2]&gt;) -&gt; Self {\nlet mut graph = GraphAdjMat {\nvertices: vec![],\nadj_mat: vec![],\n};\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\nfor val in vertices {\ngraph.add_vertex(val);\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cedges \u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nfor edge in edges {\ngraph.add_edge(edge[0], edge[1])\n}\ngraph\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\npub fn size(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nself.vertices.len()\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\npub fn add_vertex(&amp;mut self, val: i32) {\nlet n = self.size();\n// \u5411\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nself.vertices.push(val);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\nself.adj_mat.push(vec![0; n]);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\nfor row in &amp;mut self.adj_mat {\nrow.push(0);\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\npub fn remove_vertex(&amp;mut self, index: usize) {\nif index &gt;= self.size() {\npanic!(\"index error\")\n}\n// \u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u9876\u70b9\nself.vertices.remove(index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u884c\nself.adj_mat.remove(index);\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u7684\u5217\nfor row in &amp;mut self.adj_mat {\nrow.remove(index);\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\npub fn add_edge(&amp;mut self, i: usize, j: usize) {\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif i &gt;= self.size() || j &gt;= self.size() || i == j {\npanic!(\"index error\")\n}\n// \u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6cbf\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 (i, j) == (j, i)\nself.adj_mat[i][j] = 1;\nself.adj_mat[j][i] = 1;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\npub fn remove_edge(&amp;mut self, i: usize, j: usize) {\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\n// \u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u4e0e\u76f8\u7b49\u5904\u7406\nif i &gt;= self.size() || j &gt;= self.size() || i == j {\npanic!(\"index error\")\n}\nself.adj_mat[i][j] = 0;\nself.adj_mat[j][i] = 0;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\npub fn print(&amp;self) {\nprintln!(\"\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = {:?}\", self.vertices);\nprintln!(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 =\");\nprintln!(\"[\");\nfor row in &amp;self.adj_mat {\nprintln!(\"  {:?},\", row);\n}\nprintln!(\"]\")\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.c<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b\u7ed3\u6784 */\nstruct graphAdjMat {\nint *vertices;         // \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\nunsigned int **adjMat; // \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u8fb9\u201d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nunsigned int size;     // \u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\nunsigned int capacity; // \u56fe\u5bb9\u91cf\n};\ntypedef struct graphAdjMat graphAdjMat;\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nvoid addEdge(graphAdjMat *t, int i, int j) {\n// \u8d8a\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= t-&gt;size || j &gt;= t-&gt;size || i == j) {\nprintf(\"Out of range in %s:%d\\n\", __FILE__, __LINE__);\nexit(1);\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nt-&gt;adjMat[i][j] = 1;\nt-&gt;adjMat[j][i] = 1;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nvoid removeEdge(graphAdjMat *t, int i, int j) {\n// \u8d8a\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i &gt;= t-&gt;size || j &gt;= t-&gt;size || i == j) {\nprintf(\"Out of range in %s:%d\\n\", __FILE__, __LINE__);\nexit(1);\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9\n// \u53c2\u6570 i, j \u5bf9\u5e94 vertices \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nt-&gt;adjMat[i][j] = 0;\nt-&gt;adjMat[j][i] = 0;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid addVertex(graphAdjMat *t, int val) {\n// \u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5927\u4e8e\u9884\u8bbe\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b0\u7a7a\u95f4\nif (t-&gt;size &lt; t-&gt;capacity) {\nt-&gt;vertices[t-&gt;size] = val; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u503c\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; t-&gt;size; i++) {\nt-&gt;adjMat[i][t-&gt;size] = 0; // \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u65b0\u5217\u9635\u7f6e0\n}\nmemset(t-&gt;adjMat[t-&gt;size], 0, sizeof(unsigned int) * (t-&gt;size + 1)); // \u5c06\u65b0\u589e\u884c\u7f6e 0\nt-&gt;size++;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u7533\u8bf7\u65b0\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u7ec4\nint *temp = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * (t-&gt;size * 2));\nmemcpy(temp, t-&gt;vertices, sizeof(int) * t-&gt;size);\ntemp[t-&gt;size] = val;\n// \u91ca\u653e\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\nfree(t-&gt;vertices);\nt-&gt;vertices = temp;\n// \u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u7533\u8bf7\u65b0\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\nunsigned int **tempMat = (unsigned int **)malloc(sizeof(unsigned int *) * t-&gt;size * 2);\nunsigned int *tempMatLine = (unsigned int *)malloc(sizeof(unsigned int) * (t-&gt;size * 2) * (t-&gt;size * 2));\nmemset(tempMatLine, 0, sizeof(unsigned int) * (t-&gt;size * 2) * (t-&gt;size * 2));\nfor (int k = 0; k &lt; t-&gt;size * 2; k++) {\ntempMat[k] = tempMatLine + k * (t-&gt;size * 2);\n}\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; t-&gt;size; i++) {\nmemcpy(tempMat[i], t-&gt;adjMat[i], sizeof(unsigned int) * t-&gt;size); // \u539f\u6570\u636e\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\n}\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; t-&gt;size; i++) {\ntempMat[i][t-&gt;size] = 0; // \u5c06\u65b0\u589e\u5217\u7f6e 0\n}\nmemset(tempMat[t-&gt;size], 0, sizeof(unsigned int) * (t-&gt;size + 1)); // \u5c06\u65b0\u589e\u884c\u7f6e 0\n// \u91ca\u653e\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\nfree(t-&gt;adjMat[0]);\nfree(t-&gt;adjMat);\n// \u6269\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u65b0\u5730\u5740\nt-&gt;adjMat = tempMat; // \u6307\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5730\u5740\nt-&gt;capacity = t-&gt;size * 2;\nt-&gt;size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid removeVertex(graphAdjMat *t, unsigned int index) {\n// \u8d8a\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= t-&gt;size) {\nprintf(\"Out of range in %s:%d\\n\", __FILE__, __LINE__);\nexit(1);\n}\nfor (int i = index; i &lt; t-&gt;size - 1; i++) {\nt-&gt;vertices[i] = t-&gt;vertices[i + 1]; // \u6e05\u9664\u5220\u9664\u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u540e\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u524d\u79fb\n}\nt-&gt;vertices[t-&gt;size - 1] = 0; // \u5c06\u88ab\u524d\u79fb\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u7f6e 0\n// \u6e05\u9664\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7684\u5217\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; t-&gt;size - 1; i++) {\nif (i &lt; index) {\nfor (int j = index; j &lt; t-&gt;size - 1; j++) {\nt-&gt;adjMat[i][j] = t-&gt;adjMat[i][j + 1]; // \u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5217\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\u524d\u79fb\n}\n} else {\nmemcpy(t-&gt;adjMat[i], t-&gt;adjMat[i + 1], sizeof(unsigned int) * t-&gt;size); // \u88ab\u5220\u9664\u884c\u7684\u4e0b\u65b9\u6240\u6709\u884c\u4e0a\u79fb\nfor (int j = index; j &lt; t-&gt;size; j++) {\nt-&gt;adjMat[i][j] = t-&gt;adjMat[i][j + 1]; // \u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5217\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\u524d\u79fb\n}\n}\n}\nt-&gt;size--;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u9876\u70b9\u4e0e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\nvoid printGraph(graphAdjMat *t) {\nif (t-&gt;size == 0) {\nprintf(\"graph is empty\\n\");\nreturn;\n}\nprintf(\"\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 = [\");\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; t-&gt;size; i++) {\nif (i != t-&gt;size - 1) {\nprintf(\"%d, \", t-&gt;vertices[i]);\n} else {\nprintf(\"%d\", t-&gt;vertices[i]);\n}\n}\nprintf(\"]\\n\");\nprintf(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 =\\n[\\n\");\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; t-&gt;size; i++) {\nprintf(\"  [\");\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; t-&gt;size; j++) {\nif (j != t-&gt;size - 1) {\nprintf(\"%u, \", t-&gt;adjMat[i][j]);\n} else {\nprintf(\"%u\", t-&gt;adjMat[i][j]);\n}\n}\nprintf(\"],\\n\");\n}\nprintf(\"]\\n\");\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\ngraphAdjMat *newGraphAjdMat(unsigned int numberVertices, int *vertices, unsigned int **adjMat) {\n// \u7533\u8bf7\u5185\u5b58\ngraphAdjMat *newGraph = (graphAdjMat *)malloc(sizeof(graphAdjMat));   // \u4e3a\u56fe\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\nnewGraph-&gt;vertices = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * numberVertices * 2); // \u4e3a\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\nnewGraph-&gt;adjMat = (unsigned int **)malloc(sizeof(unsigned int *) * numberVertices * 2); // \u4e3a\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5206\u914d\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5185\u5b58\nunsigned int *temp = (unsigned int *)malloc(sizeof(unsigned int) * numberVertices * 2 * numberVertices * 2); // \u4e3a\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u7ef4\u5185\u5b58\nnewGraph-&gt;size = numberVertices;                // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\nnewGraph-&gt;capacity = numberVertices * 2;        // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u56fe\u5bb9\u91cf\n// \u914d\u7f6e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; numberVertices * 2; i++) {\nnewGraph-&gt;adjMat[i] = temp + i * numberVertices * 2; // \u5c06\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\n}\n// \u8d4b\u503c\nmemcpy(newGraph-&gt;vertices, vertices, sizeof(int) * numberVertices);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; numberVertices; i++) {\nmemcpy(newGraph-&gt;adjMat[i], adjMat[i], sizeof(unsigned int) * numberVertices); // \u5c06\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5185\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6307\u9488\nreturn newGraph;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_operations/#922","title":"9.2.2 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u603b\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\)\u3001\u8fb9\u603b\u6570\u4e3a \\(m\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u56fe 9-8 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\uff1a\u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5bf9\u5e94\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\uff1a\u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5bf9\u5e94\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(m)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u3002</li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u65b0\u589e\u9876\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\uff1a\u9700\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n + m)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u548c \\(2m\\) \u6761\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n + m)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-8 \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u589e\u5220\u8fb9\u3001\u589e\u5220\u9876\u70b9 </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u56fe\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Vertex</code> \u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u6765\u8868\u793a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u6709\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u8fc7\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u503c\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u533a\u5206\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u9876\u70b9\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(i\\) \u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e2d \\(&gt; i\\) \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5168\u90e8\u51cf \\(1\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</li> <li>\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5f15\u5165\u9876\u70b9\u7c7b <code>Vertex</code> \uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\u65f6\u5c31\u65e0\u987b\u6539\u52a8\u5176\u4f59\u9876\u70b9\u4e86\u3002</li> </ol> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig graph_adjacency_list.py<pre><code>class GraphAdjList:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, edges: list[list[Vertex]]):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\n# \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nself.adj_list = dict[Vertex, list[Vertex]]()\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor edge in edges:\nself.add_vertex(edge[0])\nself.add_vertex(edge[1])\nself.add_edge(edge[0], edge[1])\ndef size(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\"\"\"\nreturn len(self.adj_list)\ndef add_edge(self, vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex):\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\"\"\"\nif vet1 not in self.adj_list or vet2 not in self.adj_list or vet1 == vet2:\nraise ValueError()\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nself.adj_list[vet1].append(vet2)\nself.adj_list[vet2].append(vet1)\ndef remove_edge(self, vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\"\"\"\nif vet1 not in self.adj_list or vet2 not in self.adj_list or vet1 == vet2:\nraise ValueError()\n# \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nself.adj_list[vet1].remove(vet2)\nself.adj_list[vet2].remove(vet1)\ndef add_vertex(self, vet: Vertex):\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\"\"\"\nif vet in self.adj_list:\nreturn\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nself.adj_list[vet] = []\ndef remove_vertex(self, vet: Vertex):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\"\"\"\nif vet not in self.adj_list:\nraise ValueError()\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nself.adj_list.pop(vet)\n# \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor vertex in self.adj_list:\nif vet in self.adj_list[vertex]:\nself.adj_list[vertex].remove(vet)\ndef print(self):\n\"\"\"\u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\"\"\"\nprint(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =\")\nfor vertex in self.adj_list:\ntmp = [v.val for v in self.adj_list[vertex]]\nprint(f\"{vertex.val}: {tmp},\")\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjList {\npublic:\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nunordered_map&lt;Vertex *, vector&lt;Vertex *&gt;&gt; adjList;\n/* \u5728 vector \u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(vector&lt;Vertex *&gt; &amp;vec, Vertex *vet) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; vec.size(); i++) {\nif (vec[i] == vet) {\nvec.erase(vec.begin() + i);\nbreak;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nGraphAdjList(const vector&lt;vector&lt;Vertex *&gt;&gt; &amp;edges) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor (const vector&lt;Vertex *&gt; &amp;edge : edges) {\naddVertex(edge[0]);\naddVertex(edge[1]);\naddEdge(edge[0], edge[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nint size() {\nreturn adjList.size();\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\nvoid addEdge(Vertex *vet1, Vertex *vet2) {\nif (!adjList.count(vet1) || !adjList.count(vet2) || vet1 == vet2)\nthrow invalid_argument(\"\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u9876\u70b9\");\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nadjList[vet1].push_back(vet2);\nadjList[vet2].push_back(vet1);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\nvoid removeEdge(Vertex *vet1, Vertex *vet2) {\nif (!adjList.count(vet1) || !adjList.count(vet2) || vet1 == vet2)\nthrow invalid_argument(\"\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u9876\u70b9\");\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nremove(adjList[vet1], vet2);\nremove(adjList[vet2], vet1);\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid addVertex(Vertex *vet) {\nif (adjList.count(vet))\nreturn;\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nadjList[vet] = vector&lt;Vertex *&gt;();\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid removeVertex(Vertex *vet) {\nif (!adjList.count(vet))\nthrow invalid_argument(\"\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u9876\u70b9\");\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nadjList.erase(vet);\n// \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor (auto &amp;adj : adjList) {\nremove(adj.second, vet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 */\nvoid print() {\ncout &lt;&lt; \"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =\" &lt;&lt; endl;\nfor (auto &amp;adj : adjList) {\nconst auto &amp;key = adj.first;\nconst auto &amp;vec = adj.second;\ncout &lt;&lt; key-&gt;val &lt;&lt; \": \";\nprintVector(vetsToVals(vec));\n}\n}\n};\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.java<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjList {\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nMap&lt;Vertex, List&lt;Vertex&gt;&gt; adjList;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic GraphAdjList(Vertex[][] edges) {\nthis.adjList = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor (Vertex[] edge : edges) {\naddVertex(edge[0]);\naddVertex(edge[1]);\naddEdge(edge[0], edge[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\npublic int size() {\nreturn adjList.size();\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\npublic void addEdge(Vertex vet1, Vertex vet2) {\nif (!adjList.containsKey(vet1) || !adjList.containsKey(vet2) || vet1 == vet2)\nthrow new IllegalArgumentException();\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nadjList.get(vet1).add(vet2);\nadjList.get(vet2).add(vet1);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\npublic void removeEdge(Vertex vet1, Vertex vet2) {\nif (!adjList.containsKey(vet1) || !adjList.containsKey(vet2) || vet1 == vet2)\nthrow new IllegalArgumentException();\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nadjList.get(vet1).remove(vet2);\nadjList.get(vet2).remove(vet1);\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic void addVertex(Vertex vet) {\nif (adjList.containsKey(vet))\nreturn;\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nadjList.put(vet, new ArrayList&lt;&gt;());\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic void removeVertex(Vertex vet) {\nif (!adjList.containsKey(vet))\nthrow new IllegalArgumentException();\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nadjList.remove(vet);\n// \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor (List&lt;Vertex&gt; list : adjList.values()) {\nlist.remove(vet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 */\npublic void print() {\nSystem.out.println(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =\");\nfor (Map.Entry&lt;Vertex, List&lt;Vertex&gt;&gt; pair : adjList.entrySet()) {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; tmp = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (Vertex vertex : pair.getValue())\ntmp.add(vertex.val);\nSystem.out.println(pair.getKey().val + \": \" + tmp + \",\");\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.cs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjList {\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\npublic Dictionary&lt;Vertex, List&lt;Vertex&gt;&gt; adjList;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\npublic GraphAdjList(Vertex[][] edges) {\nthis.adjList = new Dictionary&lt;Vertex, List&lt;Vertex&gt;&gt;();\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nforeach (Vertex[] edge in edges) {\naddVertex(edge[0]);\naddVertex(edge[1]);\naddEdge(edge[0], edge[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\npublic int size() {\nreturn adjList.Count;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\npublic void addEdge(Vertex vet1, Vertex vet2) {\nif (!adjList.ContainsKey(vet1) || !adjList.ContainsKey(vet2) || vet1 == vet2)\nthrow new InvalidOperationException();\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nadjList[vet1].Add(vet2);\nadjList[vet2].Add(vet1);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\npublic void removeEdge(Vertex vet1, Vertex vet2) {\nif (!adjList.ContainsKey(vet1) || !adjList.ContainsKey(vet2) || vet1 == vet2)\nthrow new InvalidOperationException();\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nadjList[vet1].Remove(vet2);\nadjList[vet2].Remove(vet1);\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic void addVertex(Vertex vet) {\nif (adjList.ContainsKey(vet))\nreturn;\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nadjList.Add(vet, new List&lt;Vertex&gt;());\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic void removeVertex(Vertex vet) {\nif (!adjList.ContainsKey(vet))\nthrow new InvalidOperationException();\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nadjList.Remove(vet);\n// \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nforeach (List&lt;Vertex&gt; list in adjList.Values) {\nlist.Remove(vet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 */\npublic void print() {\nConsole.WriteLine(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =\");\nforeach (KeyValuePair&lt;Vertex, List&lt;Vertex&gt;&gt; pair in adjList) {\nList&lt;int&gt; tmp = new List&lt;int&gt;();\nforeach (Vertex vertex in pair.Value)\ntmp.Add(vertex.val);\nConsole.WriteLine(pair.Key.val + \": [\" + string.Join(\", \", tmp) + \"],\");\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.go<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\ntype graphAdjList struct {\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nadjList map[Vertex][]Vertex\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc newGraphAdjList(edges [][]Vertex) *graphAdjList {\ng := &amp;graphAdjList{\nadjList: make(map[Vertex][]Vertex),\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor _, edge := range edges {\ng.addVertex(edge[0])\ng.addVertex(edge[1])\ng.addEdge(edge[0], edge[1])\n}\nreturn g\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nfunc (g *graphAdjList) size() int {\nreturn len(g.adjList)\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\nfunc (g *graphAdjList) addEdge(vet1 Vertex, vet2 Vertex) {\n_, ok1 := g.adjList[vet1]\n_, ok2 := g.adjList[vet2]\nif !ok1 || !ok2 || vet1 == vet2 {\npanic(\"error\")\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2, \u6dfb\u52a0\u533f\u540d struct{},\ng.adjList[vet1] = append(g.adjList[vet1], vet2)\ng.adjList[vet2] = append(g.adjList[vet2], vet1)\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\nfunc (g *graphAdjList) removeEdge(vet1 Vertex, vet2 Vertex) {\n_, ok1 := g.adjList[vet1]\n_, ok2 := g.adjList[vet2]\nif !ok1 || !ok2 || vet1 == vet2 {\npanic(\"error\")\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\ng.adjList[vet1] = DeleteSliceElms(g.adjList[vet1], vet2)\ng.adjList[vet2] = DeleteSliceElms(g.adjList[vet2], vet1)\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\nfunc (g *graphAdjList) addVertex(vet Vertex) {\n_, ok := g.adjList[vet]\nif ok {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\ng.adjList[vet] = make([]Vertex, 0)\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nfunc (g *graphAdjList) removeVertex(vet Vertex) {\n_, ok := g.adjList[vet]\nif !ok {\npanic(\"error\")\n}\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\ndelete(g.adjList, vet)\n// \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor v, list := range g.adjList {\ng.adjList[v] = DeleteSliceElms(list, vet)\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 */\nfunc (g *graphAdjList) print() {\nvar builder strings.Builder\nfmt.Printf(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 = \\n\")\nfor k, v := range g.adjList {\nbuilder.WriteString(\"\\t\\t\" + strconv.Itoa(k.Val) + \": \")\nfor _, vet := range v {\nbuilder.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(vet.Val) + \" \")\n}\nfmt.Println(builder.String())\nbuilder.Reset()\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.swift<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjList {\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\npublic private(set) var adjList: [Vertex: [Vertex]]\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic init(edges: [[Vertex]]) {\nadjList = [:]\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor edge in edges {\naddVertex(vet: edge[0])\naddVertex(vet: edge[1])\naddEdge(vet1: edge[0], vet2: edge[1])\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\npublic func size() -&gt; Int {\nadjList.count\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\npublic func addEdge(vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex) {\nif adjList[vet1] == nil || adjList[vet2] == nil || vet1 == vet2 {\nfatalError(\"\u53c2\u6570\u9519\u8bef\")\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nadjList[vet1]?.append(vet2)\nadjList[vet2]?.append(vet1)\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\npublic func removeEdge(vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex) {\nif adjList[vet1] == nil || adjList[vet2] == nil || vet1 == vet2 {\nfatalError(\"\u53c2\u6570\u9519\u8bef\")\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nadjList[vet1]?.removeAll(where: { $0 == vet2 })\nadjList[vet2]?.removeAll(where: { $0 == vet1 })\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic func addVertex(vet: Vertex) {\nif adjList[vet] != nil {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nadjList[vet] = []\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\npublic func removeVertex(vet: Vertex) {\nif adjList[vet] == nil {\nfatalError(\"\u53c2\u6570\u9519\u8bef\")\n}\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nadjList.removeValue(forKey: vet)\n// \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor key in adjList.keys {\nadjList[key]?.removeAll(where: { $0 == vet })\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 */\npublic func print() {\nSwift.print(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =\")\nfor pair in adjList {\nvar tmp: [Int] = []\nfor vertex in pair.value {\ntmp.append(vertex.val)\n}\nSwift.print(\"\\(pair.key.val): \\(tmp),\")\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.js<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjList {\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nadjList;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor(edges) {\nthis.adjList = new Map();\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor (const edge of edges) {\nthis.addVertex(edge[0]);\nthis.addVertex(edge[1]);\nthis.addEdge(edge[0], edge[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nsize() {\nreturn this.adjList.size;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\naddEdge(vet1, vet2) {\nif (\n!this.adjList.has(vet1) ||\n!this.adjList.has(vet2) ||\nvet1 === vet2\n) {\nthrow new Error('Illegal Argument Exception');\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nthis.adjList.get(vet1).push(vet2);\nthis.adjList.get(vet2).push(vet1);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\nremoveEdge(vet1, vet2) {\nif (\n!this.adjList.has(vet1) ||\n!this.adjList.has(vet2) ||\nvet1 === vet2\n) {\nthrow new Error('Illegal Argument Exception');\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nthis.adjList.get(vet1).splice(this.adjList.get(vet1).indexOf(vet2), 1);\nthis.adjList.get(vet2).splice(this.adjList.get(vet2).indexOf(vet1), 1);\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\naddVertex(vet) {\nif (this.adjList.has(vet)) return;\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nthis.adjList.set(vet, []);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nremoveVertex(vet) {\nif (!this.adjList.has(vet)) {\nthrow new Error('Illegal Argument Exception');\n}\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nthis.adjList.delete(vet);\n// \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor (const set of this.adjList.values()) {\nconst index = set.indexOf(vet);\nif (index &gt; -1) {\nset.splice(index, 1);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 */\nprint() {\nconsole.log('\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =');\nfor (const [key, value] of this.adjList) {\nconst tmp = [];\nfor (const vertex of value) {\ntmp.push(vertex.val);\n}\nconsole.log(key.val + ': ' + tmp.join());\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.ts<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjList {\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nadjList: Map&lt;Vertex, Vertex[]&gt;;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor(edges: Vertex[][]) {\nthis.adjList = new Map();\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor (const edge of edges) {\nthis.addVertex(edge[0]);\nthis.addVertex(edge[1]);\nthis.addEdge(edge[0], edge[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nsize(): number {\nreturn this.adjList.size;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\naddEdge(vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex): void {\nif (\n!this.adjList.has(vet1) ||\n!this.adjList.has(vet2) ||\nvet1 === vet2\n) {\nthrow new Error('Illegal Argument Exception');\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nthis.adjList.get(vet1).push(vet2);\nthis.adjList.get(vet2).push(vet1);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\nremoveEdge(vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex): void {\nif (\n!this.adjList.has(vet1) ||\n!this.adjList.has(vet2) ||\nvet1 === vet2\n) {\nthrow new Error('Illegal Argument Exception');\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nthis.adjList.get(vet1).splice(this.adjList.get(vet1).indexOf(vet2), 1);\nthis.adjList.get(vet2).splice(this.adjList.get(vet2).indexOf(vet1), 1);\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\naddVertex(vet: Vertex): void {\nif (this.adjList.has(vet)) return;\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nthis.adjList.set(vet, []);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nremoveVertex(vet: Vertex): void {\nif (!this.adjList.has(vet)) {\nthrow new Error('Illegal Argument Exception');\n}\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nthis.adjList.delete(vet);\n// \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor (const set of this.adjList.values()) {\nconst index: number = set.indexOf(vet);\nif (index &gt; -1) {\nset.splice(index, 1);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 */\nprint(): void {\nconsole.log('\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =');\nfor (const [key, value] of this.adjList.entries()) {\nconst tmp = [];\nfor (const vertex of value) {\ntmp.push(vertex.val);\n}\nconsole.log(key.val + ': ' + tmp.join());\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.dart<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b */\nclass GraphAdjList {\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nMap&lt;Vertex, List&lt;Vertex&gt;&gt; adjList = {};\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nGraphAdjList(List&lt;List&lt;Vertex&gt;&gt; edges) {\nfor (List&lt;Vertex&gt; edge in edges) {\naddVertex(edge[0]);\naddVertex(edge[1]);\naddEdge(edge[0], edge[1]);\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nint size() {\nreturn adjList.length;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\nvoid addEdge(Vertex vet1, Vertex vet2) {\nif (!adjList.containsKey(vet1) ||\n!adjList.containsKey(vet2) ||\nvet1 == vet2) {\nthrow ArgumentError;\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nadjList[vet1]!.add(vet2);\nadjList[vet2]!.add(vet1);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\nvoid removeEdge(Vertex vet1, Vertex vet2) {\nif (!adjList.containsKey(vet1) ||\n!adjList.containsKey(vet2) ||\nvet1 == vet2) {\nthrow ArgumentError;\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nadjList[vet1]!.remove(vet2);\nadjList[vet2]!.remove(vet1);\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid addVertex(Vertex vet) {\nif (adjList.containsKey(vet)) return;\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nadjList[vet] = [];\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid removeVertex(Vertex vet) {\nif (!adjList.containsKey(vet)) {\nthrow ArgumentError;\n}\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nadjList.remove(vet);\n// \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nadjList.forEach((key, value) {\nvalue.remove(vet);\n});\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 */\nvoid printAdjList() {\nprint(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =\");\nadjList.forEach((key, value) {\nList&lt;int&gt; tmp = [];\nfor (Vertex vertex in value) {\ntmp.add(vertex.val);\n}\nprint(\"${key.val}: $tmp,\");\n});\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.rs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b\u578b */\npub struct GraphAdjList {\n// \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\npub adj_list: HashMap&lt;Vertex, Vec&lt;Vertex&gt;&gt;,\n}\nimpl GraphAdjList {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npub fn new(edges: Vec&lt;[Vertex; 2]&gt;) -&gt; Self {\nlet mut graph = GraphAdjList {\nadj_list: HashMap::new(),\n};\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor edge in edges {\ngraph.add_vertex(edge[0]);\ngraph.add_vertex(edge[1]);\ngraph.add_edge(edge[0], edge[1]);\n}\ngraph\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\n#[allow(unused)]\npub fn size(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nself.adj_list.len()\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\npub fn add_edge(&amp;mut self, vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex) {\nif !self.adj_list.contains_key(&amp;vet1) || !self.adj_list.contains_key(&amp;vet2) || vet1 == vet2\n{\npanic!(\"value error\");\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nself.adj_list.get_mut(&amp;vet1).unwrap().push(vet2);\nself.adj_list.get_mut(&amp;vet2).unwrap().push(vet1);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\n#[allow(unused)]\npub fn remove_edge(&amp;mut self, vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex) {\nif !self.adj_list.contains_key(&amp;vet1) || !self.adj_list.contains_key(&amp;vet2) || vet1 == vet2\n{\npanic!(\"value error\");\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nself.adj_list\n.get_mut(&amp;vet1)\n.unwrap()\n.retain(|&amp;vet| vet != vet2);\nself.adj_list\n.get_mut(&amp;vet2)\n.unwrap()\n.retain(|&amp;vet| vet != vet1);\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\npub fn add_vertex(&amp;mut self, vet: Vertex) {\nif self.adj_list.contains_key(&amp;vet) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nself.adj_list.insert(vet, vec![]);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\n#[allow(unused)]\npub fn remove_vertex(&amp;mut self, vet: Vertex) {\nif !self.adj_list.contains_key(&amp;vet) {\npanic!(\"value error\");\n}\n// \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nself.adj_list.remove(&amp;vet);\n// \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor list in self.adj_list.values_mut() {\nlist.retain(|&amp;v| v != vet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 */\npub fn print(&amp;self) {\nprintln!(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =\");\nfor (vertex, list) in &amp;self.adj_list {\nlet list = list.iter().map(|vertex| vertex.val).collect::&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;();\nprintln!(\"{}: {:?},\", vertex.val, list);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.c<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b\u7ed3\u6784 */\nstruct graphAdjList {\nVertex **verticesList; // \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\nunsigned int size;     // \u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\nunsigned int capacity; // \u9876\u70b9\u5bb9\u91cf\n};\ntypedef struct graphAdjList graphAdjList;\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 */\nvoid addEdge(graphAdjList *t, int i, int j) {\n// \u8d8a\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i == j || i &gt;= t-&gt;size || j &gt;= t-&gt;size) {\nprintf(\"Out of range in %s:%d\\n\", __FILE__, __LINE__);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u67e5\u627e\u6b32\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\u7684\u9876\u70b9 vet1 - vet2\nVertex *vet1 = t-&gt;verticesList[i];\nVertex *vet2 = t-&gt;verticesList[j];\n// \u8fde\u63a5\u9876\u70b9 vet1 - vet2\npushBack(vet1-&gt;linked, vet2);\npushBack(vet2-&gt;linked, vet1);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 */\nvoid removeEdge(graphAdjList *t, int i, int j) {\n// \u8d8a\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\nif (i &lt; 0 || j &lt; 0 || i == j || i &gt;= t-&gt;size || j &gt;= t-&gt;size) {\nprintf(\"Out of range in %s:%d\\n\", __FILE__, __LINE__);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u67e5\u627e\u6b32\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\u7684\u9876\u70b9 vet1 - vet2\nVertex *vet1 = t-&gt;verticesList[i];\nVertex *vet2 = t-&gt;verticesList[j];\n// \u79fb\u9664\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nremoveLink(vet1-&gt;linked, vet2);\nremoveLink(vet2-&gt;linked, vet1);\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid addVertex(graphAdjList *t, int val) {\n// \u82e5\u5927\u5c0f\u8d85\u8fc7\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u6269\u5bb9\nif (t-&gt;size &gt;= t-&gt;capacity) {\nVertex **tempList = (Vertex **)malloc(sizeof(Vertex *) * 2 * t-&gt;capacity);\nmemcpy(tempList, t-&gt;verticesList, sizeof(Vertex *) * t-&gt;size);\nfree(t-&gt;verticesList);         // \u91ca\u653e\u539f\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5185\u5b58\nt-&gt;verticesList = tempList;    // \u6307\u5411\u65b0\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\nt-&gt;capacity = t-&gt;capacity * 2; // \u5bb9\u91cf\u6269\u5927\u81f32\u500d\n}\n// \u7533\u8bf7\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u5e76\u5c06\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u5730\u5740\u5b58\u5165\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\nVertex *newV = newVertex(val);    // \u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\nnewV-&gt;pos = t-&gt;size;              // \u4e3a\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u6807\u8bb0\u4e0b\u6807\nnewV-&gt;linked = newLinklist(newV); // \u4e3a\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u5efa\u7acb\u94fe\u8868\nt-&gt;verticesList[t-&gt;size] = newV;  // \u5c06\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u52a0\u5165\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\nt-&gt;size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 */\nvoid removeVertex(graphAdjList *t, unsigned int index) {\n// \u8d8a\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= t-&gt;size) {\nprintf(\"Out of range in %s:%d\\n\", __FILE__, __LINE__);\nexit(1);\n}\nVertex *vet = t-&gt;verticesList[index]; // \u67e5\u627e\u5f85\u5220\u8282\u70b9\nif (vet == 0) {                       // \u82e5\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nprintf(\"index is:%d\\n\", index);\nprintf(\"Out of range in %s:%d\\n\", __FILE__, __LINE__);\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u7ed3\u70b9\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8fb9\u5220\u9664\nNode *temp = vet-&gt;linked-&gt;head-&gt;next;\nwhile (temp != 0) {\nremoveLink(temp-&gt;val-&gt;linked, vet); // \u5220\u9664\u4e0e\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8fb9\ntemp = temp-&gt;next;\n}\n// \u5c06\u9876\u70b9\u524d\u79fb\nfor (int i = index; i &lt; t-&gt;size - 1; i++) {\nt-&gt;verticesList[i] = t-&gt;verticesList[i + 1]; // \u9876\u70b9\u524d\u79fb\nt-&gt;verticesList[i]-&gt;pos--;                   // \u6240\u6709\u524d\u79fb\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u51cf1\n}\nt-&gt;verticesList[t-&gt;size - 1] = 0; // \u5c06\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f6e 0\nt-&gt;size--;\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nfreeVertex(vet);\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u9876\u70b9\u4e0e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 */\nvoid printGraph(graphAdjList *t) {\nprintf(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868  =\\n\");\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; t-&gt;size; i++) {\nNode *n = t-&gt;verticesList[i]-&gt;linked-&gt;head-&gt;next;\nprintf(\"%d: [\", t-&gt;verticesList[i]-&gt;val);\nwhile (n != 0) {\nif (n-&gt;next != 0) {\nprintf(\"%d, \", n-&gt;val-&gt;val);\n} else {\nprintf(\"%d\", n-&gt;val-&gt;val);\n}\nn = n-&gt;next;\n}\nprintf(\"]\\n\");\n}\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\ngraphAdjList *newGraphAdjList(unsigned int verticesCapacity) {\n// \u7533\u8bf7\u5185\u5b58\ngraphAdjList *newGraph = (graphAdjList *)malloc(sizeof(graphAdjList));\n// \u5efa\u7acb\u9876\u70b9\u8868\u5e76\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\nnewGraph-&gt;verticesList = (Vertex **)malloc(sizeof(Vertex *) * verticesCapacity); // \u4e3a\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\nmemset(newGraph-&gt;verticesList, 0, sizeof(Vertex *) * verticesCapacity);          // \u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u7f6e 0\nnewGraph-&gt;size = 0;                                                              // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\nnewGraph-&gt;capacity = verticesCapacity;                                           // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9876\u70b9\u5bb9\u91cf\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u56fe\u6307\u9488\nreturn newGraph;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.zig<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_operations/#923","title":"9.2.3 \u00a0 \u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u56fe\u4e2d\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u548c \\(m\\) \u6761\u8fb9\uff0c\u8868 9-2 \u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u548c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 9-2 \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e0e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09 \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff08\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff09 \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u90bb\u63a5 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(m)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(m)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 \\(O(n^2)\\) \\(O(n + m)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \\(O(n + m)\\) \\(O(n + m)\\) <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u8868 9-2 \uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff08\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u6700\u4f18\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fb9\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u6b21\u6570\u7ec4\u8bbf\u95ee\u6216\u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u7efc\u5408\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/","title":"9.3 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u6811\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u56fe\u5219\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u201c\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6811\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u662f\u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe\u548c\u6811\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u904d\u5386\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u300c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 breadth-first traversal\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 depth-first traversal\u300d\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22 breadth-first search\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22 depth-first search\u300d\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0 BFS \u548c DFS \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#931","title":"9.3.1 \u00a0 \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f18\u5148\u8bbf\u95ee\u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u5c42\u5c42\u5411\u5916\u6269\u5f20\u3002\u5982\u56fe 9-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5148\u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u904d\u5386\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6bd5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-9 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>BFS \u901a\u5e38\u501f\u52a9\u961f\u5217\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u961f\u5217\u5177\u6709\u201c\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e BFS \u7684\u201c\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u201d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5f02\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06\u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u9876\u70b9 <code>startVet</code> \u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u542f\u5faa\u73af\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6bcf\u8f6e\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f39\u51fa\u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u961f\u5217\u5c3e\u90e8\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u904d\u5386\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>visited</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u54ea\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig graph_bfs.py<pre><code>def graph_bfs(graph: GraphAdjList, start_vet: Vertex) -&gt; list[Vertex]:\n\"\"\"\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS\"\"\"\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\n# \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nres = []\n# \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited = set[Vertex]([start_vet])\n# \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nque = deque[Vertex]([start_vet])\n# \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile len(que) &gt; 0:\nvet = que.popleft()  # \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nres.append(vet)  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\n# \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor adj_vet in graph.adj_list[vet]:\nif adj_vet in visited:\ncontinue  # \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nque.append(adj_vet)  # \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.add(adj_vet)  # \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nvector&lt;Vertex *&gt; graphBFS(GraphAdjList &amp;graph, Vertex *startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nvector&lt;Vertex *&gt; res;\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nunordered_set&lt;Vertex *&gt; visited = {startVet};\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nqueue&lt;Vertex *&gt; que;\nque.push(startVet);\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile (!que.empty()) {\nVertex *vet = que.front();\nque.pop();          // \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nres.push_back(vet); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (auto adjVet : graph.adjList[vet]) {\nif (visited.count(adjVet))\ncontinue;            // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nque.push(adjVet);        // \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.emplace(adjVet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.java<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; graphBFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nSet&lt;Vertex&gt; visited = new HashSet&lt;&gt;();\nvisited.add(startVet);\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nQueue&lt;Vertex&gt; que = new LinkedList&lt;&gt;();\nque.offer(startVet);\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile (!que.isEmpty()) {\nVertex vet = que.poll(); // \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nres.add(vet);            // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (Vertex adjVet : graph.adjList.get(vet)) {\nif (visited.contains(adjVet))\ncontinue;        // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nque.offer(adjVet);   // \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.add(adjVet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.cs<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; graphBFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; res = new List&lt;Vertex&gt;();\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nHashSet&lt;Vertex&gt; visited = new HashSet&lt;Vertex&gt;() { startVet };\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nQueue&lt;Vertex&gt; que = new Queue&lt;Vertex&gt;();\nque.Enqueue(startVet);\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile (que.Count &gt; 0) {\nVertex vet = que.Dequeue(); // \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nres.Add(vet);               // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nforeach (Vertex adjVet in graph.adjList[vet]) {\nif (visited.Contains(adjVet)) {\ncontinue;          // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\nque.Enqueue(adjVet);   // \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.Add(adjVet);   // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.go<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfunc graphBFS(g *graphAdjList, startVet Vertex) []Vertex {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nres := make([]Vertex, 0)\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited := make(map[Vertex]struct{})\nvisited[startVet] = struct{}{}\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS, \u4f7f\u7528\u5207\u7247\u6a21\u62df\u961f\u5217\nqueue := make([]Vertex, 0)\nqueue = append(queue, startVet)\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nfor len(queue) &gt; 0 {\n// \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nvet := queue[0]\nqueue = queue[1:]\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nres = append(res, vet)\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor _, adjVet := range g.adjList[vet] {\n_, isExist := visited[adjVet]\n// \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nif !isExist {\nqueue = append(queue, adjVet)\nvisited[adjVet] = struct{}{}\n}\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.swift<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfunc graphBFS(graph: GraphAdjList, startVet: Vertex) -&gt; [Vertex] {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nvar res: [Vertex] = []\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvar visited: Set&lt;Vertex&gt; = [startVet]\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nvar que: [Vertex] = [startVet]\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile !que.isEmpty {\nlet vet = que.removeFirst() // \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nres.append(vet) // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor adjVet in graph.adjList[vet] ?? [] {\nif visited.contains(adjVet) {\ncontinue // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\nque.append(adjVet) // \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.insert(adjVet) // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.js<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfunction graphBFS(graph, startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nconst res = [];\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nconst visited = new Set();\nvisited.add(startVet);\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nconst que = [startVet];\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile (que.length) {\nconst vet = que.shift(); // \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nres.push(vet); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (const adjVet of graph.adjList.get(vet) ?? []) {\nif (visited.has(adjVet)) {\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\nque.push(adjVet); // \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.add(adjVet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.ts<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfunction graphBFS(graph: GraphAdjList, startVet: Vertex): Vertex[] {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nconst res: Vertex[] = [];\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nconst visited: Set&lt;Vertex&gt; = new Set();\nvisited.add(startVet);\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nconst que = [startVet];\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile (que.length) {\nconst vet = que.shift(); // \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nres.push(vet); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (const adjVet of graph.adjList.get(vet) ?? []) {\nif (visited.has(adjVet)) {\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\nque.push(adjVet); // \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\nvisited.add(adjVet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.dart<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS */\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; graphBFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; res = [];\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nSet&lt;Vertex&gt; visited = {};\nvisited.add(startVet);\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nQueue&lt;Vertex&gt; que = Queue();\nque.add(startVet);\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile (que.isNotEmpty) {\nVertex vet = que.removeFirst(); // \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nres.add(vet); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (Vertex adjVet in graph.adjList[vet]!) {\nif (visited.contains(adjVet)) {\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\nque.add(adjVet); // \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.add(adjVet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.rs<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 BFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfn graph_bfs(graph: GraphAdjList, start_vet: Vertex) -&gt; Vec&lt;Vertex&gt; {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nlet mut res = vec![];\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nlet mut visited = HashSet::new();\nvisited.insert(start_vet);\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nlet mut que = VecDeque::new();\nque.push_back(start_vet);\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile !que.is_empty() {\nlet vet = que.pop_front().unwrap(); // \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u961f\nres.push(vet); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nif let Some(adj_vets) = graph.adj_list.get(&amp;vet) {\nfor &amp;adj_vet in adj_vets {\nif visited.contains(&amp;adj_vet) {\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\nque.push_back(adj_vet); // \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.insert(adj_vet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nres\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.c<pre><code>/* \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nVertex **graphBFS(graphAdjList *t, Vertex *startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nVertex **res = (Vertex **)malloc(sizeof(Vertex *) * t-&gt;size);\nmemset(res, 0, sizeof(Vertex *) * t-&gt;size);\n// \u961f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 BFS\nqueue *que = newQueue(t-&gt;size);\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nhashTable *visited = newHash(t-&gt;size);\nint resIndex = 0;\nqueuePush(que, startVet);         // \u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f\nhashMark(visited, startVet-&gt;pos); // \u6807\u8bb0\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5165\u961f\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n// \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9 vet \u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u81f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\nwhile (que-&gt;head &lt; que-&gt;tail) {\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u8fb9\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u672a\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nNode *n = queueTop(que)-&gt;linked-&gt;head-&gt;next;\nwhile (n != 0) {\n// \u67e5\u8be2\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u82e5\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u5165\u961f\uff0c\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5165\u961f\u5e76\u6807\u8bb0\nif (hashQuery(visited, n-&gt;val-&gt;pos) == 1) {\nn = n-&gt;next;\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\nqueuePush(que, n-&gt;val);         // \u53ea\u5165\u961f\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nhashMark(visited, n-&gt;val-&gt;pos); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\nres[resIndex] = queueTop(que); // \u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u52a0\u5165\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nresIndex++;\nqueuePop(que); // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nfreeQueue(que);\nfreeHash(visited);\nresIndex = 0;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4ee3\u7801\u76f8\u5bf9\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u7167\u56fe 9-10 \u6765\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-10 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u552f\u4e00\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0d\u552f\u4e00\u3002\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u6309\u201c\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u201d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u800c\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u4efb\u610f\u6253\u4e71\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u56fe 9-10 \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9876\u70b9 \\(1\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6362\u3001\u9876\u70b9 \\(2\\)\u3001\\(4\\)\u3001\\(6\\) \u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a \u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u5165\u961f\u5e76\u51fa\u961f\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u5728\u904d\u5386\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u6709\u8fb9\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee \\(2\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(2|E|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u603b\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V| + |E|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a \u5217\u8868 <code>res</code> \uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>visited</code> \uff0c\u961f\u5217 <code>que</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u6700\u591a\u4e3a \\(|V|\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V|)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#932","title":"9.3.2 \u00a0 \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5148\u8d70\u5230\u5e95\u3001\u65e0\u8def\u53ef\u8d70\u518d\u56de\u5934\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u56fe 9-11 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f53\u524d\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u518d\u7ee7\u7eed\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-11 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u8303\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e0e\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>visited</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig graph_dfs.py<pre><code>def dfs(graph: GraphAdjList, visited: set[Vertex], res: list[Vertex], vet: Vertex):\n\"\"\"\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\"\"\"\nres.append(vet)  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.add(vet)  # \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n# \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor adjVet in graph.adj_list[vet]:\nif adjVet in visited:\ncontinue  # \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n# \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph, visited, res, adjVet)\ndef graph_dfs(graph: GraphAdjList, start_vet: Vertex) -&gt; list[Vertex]:\n\"\"\"\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS\"\"\"\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\n# \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nres = []\n# \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited = set[Vertex]()\ndfs(graph, visited, res, start_vet)\nreturn res\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid dfs(GraphAdjList &amp;graph, unordered_set&lt;Vertex *&gt; &amp;visited, vector&lt;Vertex *&gt; &amp;res, Vertex *vet) {\nres.push_back(vet);   // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.emplace(vet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (Vertex *adjVet : graph.adjList[vet]) {\nif (visited.count(adjVet))\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph, visited, res, adjVet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nvector&lt;Vertex *&gt; graphDFS(GraphAdjList &amp;graph, Vertex *startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nvector&lt;Vertex *&gt; res;\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nunordered_set&lt;Vertex *&gt; visited;\ndfs(graph, visited, res, startVet);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.java<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid dfs(GraphAdjList graph, Set&lt;Vertex&gt; visited, List&lt;Vertex&gt; res, Vertex vet) {\nres.add(vet);     // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.add(vet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (Vertex adjVet : graph.adjList.get(vet)) {\nif (visited.contains(adjVet))\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph, visited, res, adjVet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; graphDFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nSet&lt;Vertex&gt; visited = new HashSet&lt;&gt;();\ndfs(graph, visited, res, startVet);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.cs<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid dfs(GraphAdjList graph, HashSet&lt;Vertex&gt; visited, List&lt;Vertex&gt; res, Vertex vet) {\nres.Add(vet);     // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.Add(vet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nforeach (Vertex adjVet in graph.adjList[vet]) {\nif (visited.Contains(adjVet)) {\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9                             \n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph, visited, res, adjVet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; graphDFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; res = new List&lt;Vertex&gt;();\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nHashSet&lt;Vertex&gt; visited = new HashSet&lt;Vertex&gt;();\ndfs(graph, visited, res, startVet);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.go<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc dfs(g *graphAdjList, visited map[Vertex]struct{}, res *[]Vertex, vet Vertex) {\n// append \u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u7684\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8ba9\u539f\u5f15\u7528\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3a\u65b0slice\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n*res = append(*res, vet)\nvisited[vet] = struct{}{}\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor _, adjVet := range g.adjList[vet] {\n_, isExist := visited[adjVet]\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nif !isExist {\ndfs(g, visited, res, adjVet)\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfunc graphDFS(g *graphAdjList, startVet Vertex) []Vertex {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nres := make([]Vertex, 0)\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvisited := make(map[Vertex]struct{})\ndfs(g, visited, &amp;res, startVet)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.swift<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc dfs(graph: GraphAdjList, visited: inout Set&lt;Vertex&gt;, res: inout [Vertex], vet: Vertex) {\nres.append(vet) // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.insert(vet) // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor adjVet in graph.adjList[vet] ?? [] {\nif visited.contains(adjVet) {\ncontinue // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph: graph, visited: &amp;visited, res: &amp;res, vet: adjVet)\n}\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfunc graphDFS(graph: GraphAdjList, startVet: Vertex) -&gt; [Vertex] {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nvar res: [Vertex] = []\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nvar visited: Set&lt;Vertex&gt; = []\ndfs(graph: graph, visited: &amp;visited, res: &amp;res, vet: startVet)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.js<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfunction dfs(graph, visited, res, vet) {\nres.push(vet); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.add(vet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (const adjVet of graph.adjList.get(vet)) {\nif (visited.has(adjVet)) {\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph, visited, res, adjVet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfunction graphDFS(graph, startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nconst res = [];\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nconst visited = new Set();\ndfs(graph, visited, res, startVet);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.ts<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunction dfs(\ngraph: GraphAdjList,\nvisited: Set&lt;Vertex&gt;,\nres: Vertex[],\nvet: Vertex\n): void {\nres.push(vet); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.add(vet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (const adjVet of graph.adjList.get(vet)) {\nif (visited.has(adjVet)) {\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph, visited, res, adjVet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfunction graphDFS(graph: GraphAdjList, startVet: Vertex): Vertex[] {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nconst res: Vertex[] = [];\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nconst visited: Set&lt;Vertex&gt; = new Set();\ndfs(graph, visited, res, startVet);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.dart<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid dfs(\nGraphAdjList graph,\nSet&lt;Vertex&gt; visited,\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; res,\nVertex vet,\n) {\nres.add(vet); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.add(vet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfor (Vertex adjVet in graph.adjList[vet]!) {\nif (visited.contains(adjVet)) {\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph, visited, res, adjVet);\n}\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; graphDFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nList&lt;Vertex&gt; res = [];\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nSet&lt;Vertex&gt; visited = {};\ndfs(graph, visited, res, startVet);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.rs<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570 */\nfn dfs(graph: &amp;GraphAdjList, visited: &amp;mut HashSet&lt;Vertex&gt;, res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;Vertex&gt;, vet: Vertex) {\nres.push(vet); // \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\nvisited.insert(vet); // \u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nif let Some(adj_vets) = graph.adj_list.get(&amp;vet) {\nfor &amp;adj_vet in adj_vets {\nif visited.contains(&amp;adj_vet) {\ncontinue; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph, visited, res, adj_vet);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nfn graph_dfs(graph: GraphAdjList, start_vet: Vertex) -&gt; Vec&lt;Vertex&gt; {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nlet mut res = vec![];\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nlet mut visited = HashSet::new();\ndfs(&amp;graph, &amp;mut visited, &amp;mut res, start_vet);\nres\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.c<pre><code>/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570 */\nint resIndex = 0;\nvoid dfs(graphAdjList *graph, hashTable *visited, Vertex *vet, Vertex **res) {\nif (hashQuery(visited, vet-&gt;pos) == 1) {\nreturn; // \u8df3\u8fc7\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\n}\nhashMark(visited, vet-&gt;pos); // \u6807\u8bb0\u9876\u70b9\u5e76\u5c06\u9876\u70b9\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\nres[resIndex] = vet;         // \u5c06\u9876\u70b9\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\nresIndex++;\n// \u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u94fe\u8868\nNode *n = vet-&gt;linked-&gt;head-&gt;next;\nwhile (n != 0) {\n// \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\ndfs(graph, visited, n-&gt;val, res);\nn = n-&gt;next;\n}\nreturn;\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 DFS */\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nVertex **graphDFS(graphAdjList *graph, Vertex *startVet) {\n// \u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nVertex **res = (Vertex **)malloc(sizeof(Vertex *) * graph-&gt;size);\nmemset(res, 0, sizeof(Vertex *) * graph-&gt;size);\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\nhashTable *visited = newHash(graph-&gt;size);\ndfs(graph, visited, startVet, res);\n// \u91ca\u653e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5185\u5b58\u5e76\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u5f52\u96f6\nfreeHash(visited);\nresIndex = 0;\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 9-12 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u76f4\u865a\u7ebf\u4ee3\u8868\u5411\u4e0b\u9012\u63a8\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u66f2\u865a\u7ebf\u4ee3\u8868\u5411\u4e0a\u56de\u6eaf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6b64\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u5230\u4e86\u5f00\u542f\u6b64\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u56fe\u793a\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u8111\u4e2d\uff08\u6216\u8005\u7528\u7b14\u753b\u4e0b\u6765\uff09\u6a21\u62df\u6574\u4e2a DFS \u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f55\u65f6\u5f00\u542f\u3001\u4f55\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-12 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u552f\u4e00\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0e\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u67d0\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u5148\u5f80\u54ea\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u63a2\u7d22\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u5373\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u6253\u4e71\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u201c\u6839 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u5de6 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u53f3\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5de6 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u6839 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u53f3\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5de6 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u53f3 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u6839\u201d\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u904d\u5386\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a \u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee \\(1\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u6240\u6709\u8fb9\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee \\(2\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(2|E|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u603b\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V| + |E|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a \u5217\u8868 <code>res</code> \uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>visited</code> \u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u6700\u591a\u4e3a \\(|V|\\) \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\u4e3a \\(|V|\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V|)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/summary/","title":"9.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_graph/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u56fe\u7531\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fb9\u6784\u6210\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002</li> <li>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u548c\u5206\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u6811\uff09\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u56fe\uff09\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u3002</li> <li>\u6709\u5411\u56fe\u7684\u8fb9\u5177\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u6027\uff0c\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u9876\u70b9\u5747\u53ef\u8fbe\uff0c\u6709\u6743\u56fe\u7684\u6bcf\u6761\u8fb9\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u6743\u91cd\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5229\u7528\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\uff08\u5217\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u77e9\u9635\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u8fb9\uff0c\u7528 \\(1\\) \u6216 \\(0\\) \u8868\u793a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u8fb9\u6216\u65e0\u8fb9\u3002\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5728\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u8f83\u591a\u3002</li> <li>\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u6761\u94fe\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u9876\u70b9 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u3002\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u66f4\u52a0\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u8fc7\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3\u89d2\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4f53\u73b0\u201c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4f53\u73b0\u201c\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5efa\u6a21\u5404\u7c7b\u73b0\u5b9e\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u5730\u94c1\u7ebf\u8def\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6811\u662f\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u4e5f\u662f\u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u3001\u5c42\u5c42\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u501f\u52a9\u961f\u5217\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5148\u8d70\u5230\u5e95\u3001\u65e0\u8def\u53ef\u8d70\u65f6\u518d\u56de\u6eaf\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u8fd8\u662f\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\uff1f</p> <p>\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u662f\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u662f\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u539f\u6587\uff1aIn graph theory, a path in a graph is a finite or infinite sequence of edges which joins a sequence of vertices. \u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u6761\u8fb9\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6bcf\u6761\u8fb9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u3002</p> <p>\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6709\u65e0\u6cd5\u904d\u5386\u5230\u7684\u70b9\uff1f</p> <p>\u5728\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u65e0\u6cd5\u5230\u8fbe\u3002\u904d\u5386\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u904d\u5386\u5230\u56fe\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u901a\u5206\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u4e0e\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u201d\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8981\u6c42\uff1f</p> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6309\u7167\u9876\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u3001\u6216\u8005\u6309\u7167\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u201c\u5e26\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u6781\u503c\u201d\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/","title":"\u7b2c 15 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5411\u65e5\u8475\u671d\u7740\u592a\u9633\u8f6c\u52a8\uff0c\u65f6\u523b\u90fd\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u81ea\u8eab\u6210\u957f\u7684\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u3002</p> <p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u4e00\u8f6e\u8f6e\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5bfc\u5411\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>15.1 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>15.2 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>15.3 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>15.4 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>15.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/","title":"15.2 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a \\(wgt[i-1]\\)\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(val[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(cap\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u6839\u636e\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u95ee\u5728\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-3 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u548c 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u5305\u542b\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u548c\u5bb9\u91cf \\(c\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u5141\u8bb8\u53ea\u9009\u62e9\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5982\u56fe 15-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7269\u54c1\u4efb\u610f\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u91cd\u91cf\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(val[i-1] / wgt[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u5047\u8bbe\u653e\u5165\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a \\(w\\) \uff0c\u5219\u80cc\u5305\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(w \\times val[i-1] / wgt[i-1]\\) \u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-4 \u00a0 \u7269\u54c1\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c </p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a","text":"<p>\u6700\u5927\u5316\u80cc\u5305\u5185\u7269\u54c1\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8981\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u56fe 15-5 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06\u7269\u54c1\u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u3002</li> <li>\u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u586b\u6ee1\u80cc\u5305\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-5 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7c7b <code>Item</code> \uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5c06\u7269\u54c1\u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5f53\u80cc\u5305\u5df2\u6ee1\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u89e3\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig fractional_knapsack.py<pre><code>class Item:\n\"\"\"\u7269\u54c1\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, w: int, v: int):\nself.w = w  # \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nself.v = v  # \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\ndef fractional_knapsack(wgt: list[int], val: list[int], cap: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\"\"\"\n# \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nitems = [Item(w, v) for w, v in zip(wgt, val)]\n# \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nitems.sort(key=lambda item: item.v / item.w, reverse=True)\n# \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\nres = 0\nfor item in items:\nif item.w &lt;= cap:\n# \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v\ncap -= item.w\nelse:\n# \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += (item.v / item.w) * cap\n# \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak\nreturn res\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.cpp<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\nclass Item {\npublic:\nint w; // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nint v; // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\nItem(int w, int v) : w(w), v(v) {\n}\n};\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\ndouble fractionalKnapsack(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;wgt, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;val, int cap) {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nvector&lt;Item&gt; items;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; wgt.size(); i++) {\nitems.push_back(Item(wgt[i], val[i]));\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nsort(items.begin(), items.end(), [](Item &amp;a, Item &amp;b) { return (double)a.v / a.w &gt; (double)b.v / b.w; });\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\ndouble res = 0;\nfor (auto &amp;item : items) {\nif (item.w &lt;= cap) {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v;\ncap -= item.w;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += (double)item.v / item.w * cap;\n// \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.java<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\nclass Item {\nint w; // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nint v; // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\npublic Item(int w, int v) {\nthis.w = w;\nthis.v = v;\n}\n}\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\ndouble fractionalKnapsack(int[] wgt, int[] val, int cap) {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nItem[] items = new Item[wgt.length];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; wgt.length; i++) {\nitems[i] = new Item(wgt[i], val[i]);\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nArrays.sort(items, Comparator.comparingDouble(item -&gt; -((double) item.v / item.w)));\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\ndouble res = 0;\nfor (Item item : items) {\nif (item.w &lt;= cap) {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v;\ncap -= item.w;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += (double) item.v / item.w * cap;\n// \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.cs<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\nclass Item {\npublic int w; // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\npublic int v; // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\npublic Item(int w, int v) {\nthis.w = w;\nthis.v = v;\n}\n}\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\ndouble fractionalKnapsack(int[] wgt, int[] val, int cap) {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nItem[] items = new Item[wgt.Length];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; wgt.Length; i++) {\nitems[i] = new Item(wgt[i], val[i]);\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nArray.Sort(items, (x, y) =&gt; (y.v / y.w).CompareTo(x.v / x.w));\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\ndouble res = 0;\nforeach (Item item in items) {\nif (item.w &lt;= cap) {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v;\ncap -= item.w;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += (double)item.v / item.w * cap;\n// \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.go<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\ntype Item struct {\nw int // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nv int // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\n}\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunc fractionalKnapsack(wgt []int, val []int, cap int) float64 {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nitems := make([]Item, len(wgt))\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(wgt); i++ {\nitems[i] = Item{wgt[i], val[i]}\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nsort.Slice(items, func(i, j int) bool {\nreturn float64(items[i].v)/float64(items[i].w) &gt; float64(items[j].v)/float64(items[j].w)\n})\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\nres := 0.0\nfor _, item := range items {\nif item.w &lt;= cap {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += float64(item.v)\ncap -= item.w\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += float64(item.v) / float64(item.w) * float64(cap)\n// \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak\n}\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.swift<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\nclass Item {\nvar w: Int // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nvar v: Int // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\ninit(w: Int, v: Int) {\nself.w = w\nself.v = v\n}\n}\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunc fractionalKnapsack(wgt: [Int], val: [Int], cap: Int) -&gt; Double {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nvar items = zip(wgt, val).map { Item(w: $0, v: $1) }\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nitems.sort(by: { -(Double($0.v) / Double($0.w)) &lt; -(Double($1.v) / Double($1.w)) })\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\nvar res = 0.0\nvar cap = cap\nfor item in items {\nif item.w &lt;= cap {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += Double(item.v)\ncap -= item.w\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += Double(item.v) / Double(item.w) * Double(cap)\n// \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak\n}\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.js<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\nclass Item {\nconstructor(w, v) {\nthis.w = w; // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nthis.v = v; // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\n}\n}\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunction fractionalKnapsack(wgt, val, cap) {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nconst items = wgt.map((w, i) =&gt; new Item(w, val[i]));\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nitems.sort((a, b) =&gt; b.v / b.w - a.v / a.w);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\nlet res = 0;\nfor (const item of items) {\nif (item.w &lt;= cap) {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v;\ncap -= item.w;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += (item.v / item.w) * cap;\n// \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.ts<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\nclass Item {\nw: number; // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nv: number; // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\nconstructor(w: number, v: number) {\nthis.w = w;\nthis.v = v;\n}\n}\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunction fractionalKnapsack(wgt: number[], val: number[], cap: number): number {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nconst items: Item[] = wgt.map((w, i) =&gt; new Item(w, val[i]));\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nitems.sort((a, b) =&gt; b.v / b.w - a.v / a.w);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\nlet res = 0;\nfor (const item of items) {\nif (item.w &lt;= cap) {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v;\ncap -= item.w;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += (item.v / item.w) * cap;\n// \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.dart<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\nclass Item {\nint w; // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nint v; // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\nItem(this.w, this.v);\n}\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\ndouble fractionalKnapsack(List&lt;int&gt; wgt, List&lt;int&gt; val, int cap) {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nList&lt;Item&gt; items = List.generate(wgt.length, (i) =&gt; Item(wgt[i], val[i]));\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nitems.sort((a, b) =&gt; (b.v / b.w).compareTo(a.v / a.w));\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\ndouble res = 0;\nfor (Item item in items) {\nif (item.w &lt;= cap) {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v;\ncap -= item.w;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v / item.w * cap;\n// \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.rs<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\nstruct Item {\nw: i32, // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nv: i32, // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\n}\nimpl Item {\nfn new(w: i32, v: i32) -&gt; Self {\nSelf { w, v }\n}\n}\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfn fractional_knapsack(wgt: &amp;[i32], val: &amp;[i32], mut cap: i32) -&gt; f64 {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nlet mut items = wgt\n.iter()\n.zip(val.iter())\n.map(|(&amp;w, &amp;v)| Item::new(w, v))\n.collect::&lt;Vec&lt;Item&gt;&gt;();\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nitems.sort_by(|a, b| {\n(b.v as f64 / b.w as f64)\n.partial_cmp(&amp;(a.v as f64 / a.w as f64))\n.unwrap()\n});\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\nlet mut res = 0.0;\nfor item in &amp;items {\nif item.w &lt;= cap {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v as f64;\ncap -= item.w;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += item.v as f64 / item.w as f64 * cap as f64;\n// \u5df2\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak;\n}\n}\nres\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.c<pre><code>/* \u7269\u54c1 */\nstruct Item {\nint w; // \u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\nint v; // \u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\n};\ntypedef struct Item Item;\n/* \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfloat fractionalKnapsack(int wgt[], int val[], int itemCount, int cap) {\n// \u521b\u5efa\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\nItem *items = malloc(sizeof(Item) * itemCount);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; itemCount; i++) {\nitems[i] = (Item){.w = wgt[i], .v = val[i]};\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c item.v / item.w \u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nqsort(items, (size_t)itemCount, sizeof(Item), sortByValueDensity);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\nfloat res = 0.0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; itemCount; i++) {\nif (items[i].w &lt;= cap) {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u6574\u4e2a\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += items[i].v;\ncap -= items[i].w;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\nres += (float)cap / items[i].w * items[i].v;\ncap = 0;\nbreak;\n}\n}\nfree(items);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.zig<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u7269\u54c1\u6570\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <code>Item</code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e","text":"<p>\u91c7\u7528\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u662f\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a <code>res</code> \uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u89e3\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u5728\u4ece\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\u62ff\u51fa\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u5e76\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u66ff\u6362\u540e\u7684\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5927\u4e8e <code>res</code> \u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e <code>res</code> \u662f\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u89e3\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u4e0a\u8ff0\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u603b\u662f\u66f4\u4f18\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 15-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\u548c\u7269\u54c1\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u5206\u522b\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a 2D \u56fe\u8868\u7684\u6a2a\u8f74\u548c\u7eb5\u8f74\uff0c\u5219\u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u6c42\u5728\u6709\u9650\u6a2a\u8f74\u533a\u95f4\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u5927\u56f4\u6210\u9762\u79ef\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6bd4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u51e0\u4f55\u89d2\u5ea6\u7406\u89e3\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-6 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u8868\u793a </p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/","title":"15.1 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5 greedy algorithm\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u90fd\u9009\u62e9\u5f53\u524d\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5373\u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u671b\u83b7\u5f97\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b80\u6d01\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u90fd\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4f46\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u51b3\u7b56\u6765\u8003\u8651\u5f53\u524d\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u5f53\u524d\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8003\u8651\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u8def\u5411\u524d\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7f29\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u95ee\u9898\u88ab\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u4f8b\u9898\u201c\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u201d\u4e86\u89e3\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u5bf9\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u7684\u9762\u503c\u4e3a \\(coins[i - 1]\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(amt\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u95ee\u80fd\u591f\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u5982\u56fe 15-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u5927\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b83\u7684\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\u8be5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-1 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565 </p> <p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7531\u5730\u53d1\u51fa\u611f\u53f9\uff1aSo Clean \uff01\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ec5\u7528\u5341\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change_greedy.py<pre><code>def coin_change_greedy(coins: list[int], amt: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\"\"\"\n# \u5047\u8bbe coins \u5217\u8868\u6709\u5e8f\ni = len(coins) - 1\ncount = 0\n# \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile amt &gt; 0:\n# \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile i &gt; 0 and coins[i] &gt; amt:\ni -= 1\n# \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i]\ncount += 1\n# \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn count if amt == 0 else -1\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.cpp<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint coinChangeGreedy(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;coins, int amt) {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u5217\u8868\u6709\u5e8f\nint i = coins.size() - 1;\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile (amt &gt; 0) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile (i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt) {\ni--;\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i];\ncount++;\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn amt == 0 ? count : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.java<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint coinChangeGreedy(int[] coins, int amt) {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u5217\u8868\u6709\u5e8f\nint i = coins.length - 1;\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile (amt &gt; 0) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile (i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt) {\ni--;\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i];\ncount++;\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn amt == 0 ? count : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.cs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint coinChangeGreedy(int[] coins, int amt) {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u5217\u8868\u6709\u5e8f\nint i = coins.Length - 1;\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile (amt &gt; 0) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile (i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt) {\ni--;\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i];\ncount++;\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn amt == 0 ? count : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.go<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunc coinChangeGreedy(coins []int, amt int) int {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u5217\u8868\u6709\u5e8f\ni := len(coins) - 1\ncount := 0\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nfor amt &gt; 0 {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nfor i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt {\ni--\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i]\ncount++\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif amt != 0 {\nreturn -1\n}\nreturn count\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.swift<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunc coinChangeGreedy(coins: [Int], amt: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u5217\u8868\u6709\u5e8f\nvar i = coins.count - 1\nvar count = 0\nvar amt = amt\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile amt &gt; 0 {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt {\ni -= 1\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i]\ncount += 1\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn amt == 0 ? count : -1\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.js<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunction coinChangeGreedy(coins, amt) {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u6570\u7ec4\u6709\u5e8f\nlet i = coins.length - 1;\nlet count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile (amt &gt; 0) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile (i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt) {\ni--;\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i];\ncount++;\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn amt === 0 ? count : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.ts<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunction coinChangeGreedy(coins: number[], amt: number): number {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u6570\u7ec4\u6709\u5e8f\nlet i = coins.length - 1;\nlet count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile (amt &gt; 0) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile (i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt) {\ni--;\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i];\ncount++;\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn amt === 0 ? count : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.dart<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint coinChangeGreedy(List&lt;int&gt; coins, int amt) {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u5217\u8868\u6709\u5e8f\nint i = coins.length - 1;\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile (amt &gt; 0) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile (i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt) {\ni--;\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i];\ncount++;\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn amt == 0 ? count : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.rs<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfn coin_change_greedy(coins: &amp;[i32], mut amt: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u5217\u8868\u6709\u5e8f\nlet mut i = coins.len() - 1;\nlet mut count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile amt &gt; 0 {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt {\ni -= 1;\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i];\ncount += 1;\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif amt == 0 {\ncount\n} else {\n-1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.c<pre><code>/* \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint coinChangeGreedy(int* coins, int size, int amt) {\n// \u5047\u8bbe coins \u5217\u8868\u6709\u5e8f\nint i = size - 1;\nint count = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\nwhile (amt &gt; 0) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5269\u4f59\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\nwhile (i &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; coins[i] &gt; amt) {\ni--;\n}\n// \u9009\u62e9 coins[i]\namt -= coins[i];\ncount++;\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn amt == 0 ? count : -1;\n}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/#1511","title":"15.1.1 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u4f18\u70b9\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f4\u63a5\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb0\u786c\u5e01\u6700\u5c0f\u9762\u503c\u4e3a \\(\\min(coins)\\) \uff0c\u5219\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u591a\u5faa\u73af \\(amt / \\min(coins)\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(amt / \\min(coins))\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u6bd4\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n \\times amt)\\) \u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u786c\u5e01\u9762\u503c\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002\u56fe 15-2 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6b63\u4f8b \\(coins = [1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100]\\)\uff1a\u5728\u8be5\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4efb\u610f \\(amt\\) \uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u53cd\u4f8b \\(coins = [1, 20, 50]\\)\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe \\(amt = 60\\) \uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u627e\u5230 \\(50 + 1 \\times 10\\) \u7684\u5151\u6362\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5171\u8ba1 \\(11\\) \u679a\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u4f46\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3 \\(20 + 20 + 20\\) \uff0c\u4ec5\u9700 \\(3\\) \u679a\u786c\u5e01\u3002</li> <li>\u53cd\u4f8b \\(coins = [1, 49, 50]\\)\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe \\(amt = 98\\) \uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u627e\u5230 \\(50 + 1 \\times 48\\) \u7684\u5151\u6362\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5171\u8ba1 \\(49\\) \u679a\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u4f46\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3 \\(49 + 49\\) \uff0c\u4ec5\u9700 \\(2\\) \u679a\u786c\u5e01\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-2 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u7684\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u627e\u5230\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u5dee\u7684\u89e3\u3002\u5b83\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee5\u8f83\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u627e\u5230\u6b21\u4f18\u89e3\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/#1512","title":"15.1.2 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u9002\u5408\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\u5462\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1f</p> <p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u66f4\u52a0\u82db\u523b\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6027\u8d28\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u9009\u62e9\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u65f6\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u5305\u542b\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u63a2\u7a76\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u6613\u4e8b\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u867d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u4e3e\u51fa\u53cd\u4f8b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc1\u4f2a\uff0c\u4f46\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u5982\u679c\u95ee\uff1a\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ec0\u4e48\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u80fd\u51ed\u501f\u76f4\u89c9\u6216\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u68f1\u4e24\u53ef\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8bc1\u660e\u3002</p> <p>Quote</p> <p>\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a \\(O(n^3)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u627e\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>Pearson, David. A polynomial-time algorithm for the change-making problem. Operations Research Letters 33.3 (2005): 231-234.</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/#1513","title":"15.1.3 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u89e3\u9898\u6b65\u9aa4","text":"<p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u6d41\u7a0b\u5927\u4f53\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u68b3\u7406\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u5728\u56de\u6eaf\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u3002</li> <li>\u786e\u5b9a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\u505a\u51fa\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b56\u7565\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u6574\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8bc1\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u6570\u5b66\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5\u6216\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u786e\u5b9a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u65bd\u8d77\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u540c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u6d45\u663e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u6982\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c31\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u9690\u853d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u8003\u9a8c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u529b\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>\u67d0\u4e9b\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u8ff7\u60d1\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6ee1\u6000\u4fe1\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u597d\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5199\u51fa\u89e3\u9898\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u63d0\u4ea4\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u90e8\u5206\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u90e8\u5206\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u5c31\u662f\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u6216\u6570\u5b66\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e\u4e5f\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u6613\u4e8b\u3002\u5982\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u5934\u7eea\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u9762\u5411\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c Debug \uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u4fee\u6539\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/#1514","title":"15.1.4 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u9898","text":"<p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e38\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u786c\u5e01\u627e\u96f6\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u533a\u95f4\u8c03\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7269\u54c1\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7d\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u7ec4\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u603b\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u8f7d\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u4e14\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u5927\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u6700\u9ad8\uff08\u4ef7\u503c / \u91cd\u91cf\uff09\u7684\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u80a1\u7968\u4e70\u5356\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4ef7\u683c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u4e70\u5356\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u6301\u6709\u80a1\u7968\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5356\u51fa\u4e4b\u524d\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u4e70\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5229\u6da6\u3002</li> <li>\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u7f16\u7801\uff1a\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u7f16\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u635f\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u6811\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u9009\u62e9\u51fa\u73b0\u9891\u7387\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u6811\u7684\u5e26\u6743\u8def\u5f84\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u7f16\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\uff09\u6700\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>Dijkstra \u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6e90\u9876\u70b9\u5230\u5176\u4f59\u5404\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/","title":"15.3 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 \\(ht\\) \uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u5782\u76f4\u9694\u677f\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u3002</p> <p>\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u5bbd\u5ea6\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\uff08\u5373\u9762\u79ef\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7531\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u9694\u677f\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bbd\u5ea6\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u4e4b\u5dee\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-7 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u5bb9\u5668\u7531\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\u56f4\u6210\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([i, j]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u9898\u610f\uff0c\u5bb9\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e58\u4ee5\u5bbd\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7531\u77ed\u677f\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bbd\u5ea6\u662f\u4e24\u9694\u677f\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e4b\u5dee\u3002\u8bbe\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(cap[i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u5f97\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a</p> \\[ cap[i, j] = \\min(ht[i], ht[j]) \\times (j - i) \\] <p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u5373\u72b6\u6001\u603b\u6570\uff09\u4e3a \\(C_n^2 = \\frac{n(n - 1)}{2}\\) \u4e2a\u3002\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a77\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6c42\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u56fe 15-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u73b0\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5176\u6ee1\u8db3\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i &lt; j\\) \u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(ht[i] &lt; ht[j]\\) \uff0c\u5373 \\(i\\) \u4e3a\u77ed\u677f\u3001\\(j\\) \u4e3a\u957f\u677f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-8 \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001 </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 15-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u82e5\u6b64\u65f6\u5c06\u957f\u677f \\(j\\) \u5411\u77ed\u677f \\(i\\) \u9760\u8fd1\uff0c\u5219\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e00\u5b9a\u53d8\u5c0f\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u957f\u677f \\(j\\) \u540e\uff0c\u5bbd\u5ea6 \\(j-i\\) \u80af\u5b9a\u53d8\u5c0f\uff1b\u800c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7531\u77ed\u677f\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u53d8\uff08 \\(i\\) \u4ecd\u4e3a\u77ed\u677f\uff09\u6216\u53d8\u5c0f\uff08\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684 \\(j\\) \u6210\u4e3a\u77ed\u677f\uff09\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-9 \u00a0 \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u957f\u677f\u540e\u7684\u72b6\u6001 </p> <p>\u53cd\u5411\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u5411\u5185\u6536\u7f29\u77ed\u677f \\(i\\) \uff0c\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u5bb9\u91cf\u53d8\u5927\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u867d\u7136\u5bbd\u5ea6\u4e00\u5b9a\u53d8\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5927\uff08\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u77ed\u677f \\(i\\) \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u957f\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u56fe 15-10 \u4e2d\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\u540e\u9762\u79ef\u53d8\u5927\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-10 \u00a0 \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\u540e\u7684\u72b6\u6001 </p> <p>\u7531\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u672c\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e24\u6307\u9488\u5206\u88c2\u5bb9\u5668\u4e24\u7aef\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5411\u5185\u6536\u7f29\u77ed\u677f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u6307\u9488\u76f8\u9047\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 15-11 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u5206\u5217\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\u3002</li> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf \\(cap[i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u6bd4\u8f83\u677f \\(i\\) \u548c \u677f \\(j\\) \u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u77ed\u677f\u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u683c\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u7b2c <code>2.</code> \u548c <code>3.</code> \u6b65\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u76f8\u9047\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-11 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5faa\u73af\u6700\u591a \\(n\\) \u8f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u53d8\u91cf \\(i\\)\u3001\\(j\\)\u3001\\(res\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig max_capacity.py<pre><code>def max_capacity(ht: list[int]) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\ni, j = 0, len(ht) - 1\n# \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nres = 0\n# \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile i &lt; j:\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\ncap = min(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i)\nres = max(res, cap)\n# \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif ht[i] &lt; ht[j]:\ni += 1\nelse:\nj -= 1\nreturn res\n</code></pre> max_capacity.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxCapacity(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;ht) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\nint i = 0, j = ht.size() - 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\nint cap = min(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i);\nres = max(res, cap);\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif (ht[i] &lt; ht[j]) {\ni++;\n} else {\nj--;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.java<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxCapacity(int[] ht) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\nint i = 0, j = ht.length - 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\nint cap = Math.min(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i);\nres = Math.max(res, cap);\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif (ht[i] &lt; ht[j]) {\ni++;\n} else {\nj--;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.cs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxCapacity(int[] ht) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\nint i = 0, j = ht.Length - 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\nint cap = Math.Min(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i);\nres = Math.Max(res, cap);\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif (ht[i] &lt; ht[j]) {\ni++;\n} else {\nj--;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.go<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunc maxCapacity(ht []int) int {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\ni, j := 0, len(ht)-1\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nres := 0\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nfor i &lt; j {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\ncapacity := int(math.Min(float64(ht[i]), float64(ht[j]))) * (j - i)\nres = int(math.Max(float64(res), float64(capacity)))\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif ht[i] &lt; ht[j] {\ni++\n} else {\nj--\n}\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.swift<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunc maxCapacity(ht: [Int]) -&gt; Int {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\nvar i = 0, j = ht.count - 1\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nvar res = 0\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile i &lt; j {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\nlet cap = min(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i)\nres = max(res, cap)\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif ht[i] &lt; ht[j] {\ni += 1\n} else {\nj -= 1\n}\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.js<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunction maxCapacity(ht) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\nlet i = 0,\nj = ht.length - 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nlet res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\nconst cap = Math.min(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i);\nres = Math.max(res, cap);\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif (ht[i] &lt; ht[j]) {\ni += 1;\n} else {\nj -= 1;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.ts<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunction maxCapacity(ht: number[]): number {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\nlet i = 0,\nj = ht.length - 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nlet res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\nconst cap: number = Math.min(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i);\nres = Math.max(res, cap);\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif (ht[i] &lt; ht[j]) {\ni += 1;\n} else {\nj -= 1;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.dart<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxCapacity(List&lt;int&gt; ht) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\nint i = 0, j = ht.length - 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\nint cap = min(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i);\nres = max(res, cap);\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif (ht[i] &lt; ht[j]) {\ni++;\n} else {\nj--;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.rs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfn max_capacity(ht: &amp;[i32]) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\nlet mut i = 0;\nlet mut j = ht.len() - 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nlet mut res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile i &lt; j {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\nlet cap = std::cmp::min(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i) as i32;\nres = std::cmp::max(res, cap);\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif ht[i] &lt; ht[j] {\ni += 1;\n} else {\nj -= 1;\n}\n}\nres\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.c<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxCapacity(int ht[], int htLength) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 i, j \u5206\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\nint i = 0;\nint j = htLength - 1;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 0\nint res = 0;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u677f\u76f8\u9047\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\nint capacity = MIN(ht[i], ht[j]) * (j - i);\nres = MAX(res, capacity);\n// \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\nif (ht[i] &lt; ht[j]) {\ni++;\n} else {\nj--;\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e","text":"<p>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8d2a\u5fc3\u6bd4\u7a77\u4e3e\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u90fd\u4f1a\u201c\u8df3\u8fc7\u201d\u4e00\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <p>\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u72b6\u6001 \\(cap[i, j]\\) \u4e0b\uff0c\\(i\\) \u4e3a\u77ed\u677f\u3001\\(j\\) \u4e3a\u957f\u677f\u3002\u82e5\u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5c06\u77ed\u677f \\(i\\) \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u683c\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u56fe 15-12 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u88ab\u201c\u8df3\u8fc7\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e4b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</p> \\[ cap[i, i+1], cap[i, i+2], \\dots, cap[i, j-2], cap[i, j-1] \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-12 \u00a0 \u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\u5bfc\u81f4\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7\u7684\u72b6\u6001 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u957f\u677f \\(j\\) \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u5185\u79fb\u957f\u677f\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bb9\u91cf\u53d8\u5c0f\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8fc7\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/","title":"15.4 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5207\u5206\u4e3a\u81f3\u5c11\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u7684\u548c\uff0c\u6c42\u5207\u5206\u540e\u6240\u6709\u6574\u6570\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u6700\u5927\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-13 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4e49 </p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 \\(n\\) \u5207\u5206\u4e3a \\(m\\) \u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(n_i\\) \uff0c\u5373</p> \\[ n = \\sum_{i=1}^{m}n_i \\] <p>\u672c\u9898\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u6574\u6570\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e58\u79ef\uff0c\u5373</p> \\[ \\max(\\prod_{i=1}^{m}n_i) \\] <p>\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u601d\u8003\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u5207\u5206\u6570\u91cf \\(m\\) \u5e94\u8be5\u591a\u5927\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a \\(n_i\\) \u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u52a0\u548c\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4ece \\(n\\) \u4e2d\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50 \\(2\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u4e3a \\(2(n-2)\\) \u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be5\u4e58\u79ef\u4e0e \\(n\\) \u4f5c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} 2(n-2) &amp; \\geq n \\newline 2n - n - 4 &amp; \\geq 0 \\newline n &amp; \\geq 4 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u5982\u56fe 15-14 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53 \\(n \\geq 4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a \\(2\\) \u540e\u4e58\u79ef\u4f1a\u53d8\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e \\(4\\) \u7684\u6574\u6570\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5207\u5206\u3002</p> <p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u4e00\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u5305\u542b \\(\\geq 4\\) \u7684\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u7ee7\u7eed\u5207\u5206\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u53ea\u5e94\u51fa\u73b0 \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u56e0\u5b50\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-14 \u00a0 \u5207\u5206\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e58\u79ef\u53d8\u5927 </p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u601d\u8003\u54ea\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u3002\u5728 \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u663e\u7136 \\(1\\) \u662f\u6700\u5dee\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a \\(1 \\times (n-1) &lt; n\\) \u6052\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5373\u5207\u5206\u51fa \\(1\\) \u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e58\u79ef\u51cf\u5c0f\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 15-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53 \\(n = 6\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6709 \\(3 \\times 3 &gt; 2 \\times 2 \\times 2\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5207\u5206\u51fa \\(3\\) \u6bd4\u5207\u5206\u51fa \\(2\\) \u66f4\u4f18\u3002</p> <p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u4e8c\uff1a\u5728\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u5e94\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a \\(2\\) \u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a \\(2\\) \u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a \\(3\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u4e58\u79ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-15 \u00a0 \u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u56e0\u5b50 </p> <p>\u603b\u7ed3\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u6574\u6570 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u56e0\u5b50 \\(3\\) \uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a \\(0\\)\u3001\\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868 \\(n\\) \u662f \\(3\\) \u7684\u500d\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ee7\u7eed\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u4e4b\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e \\(2 \\times 2 &gt; 1 \\times 3\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u5c06\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a \\(3\\) \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 15-16 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u5207\u5206\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f97\u5230 \\(3\\) \u7684\u4e2a\u6570 \\(a\\) \uff0c\u7528\u53d6\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u4f59\u6570 \\(b\\) \uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6709\uff1a</p> \\[ n = 3 a + b \\] <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e \\(n \\leq 3\\) \u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u62c6\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a \\(1\\) \uff0c\u4e58\u79ef\u4e3a \\(1 \\times (n - 1)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig max_product_cutting.py<pre><code>def max_product_cutting(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\"\"\"\n# \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif n &lt;= 3:\nreturn 1 * (n - 1)\n# \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\na, b = n // 3, n % 3\nif b == 1:\n# \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn int(math.pow(3, a - 1)) * 2 * 2\nif b == 2:\n# \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn int(math.pow(3, a)) * 2\n# \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn int(math.pow(3, a))\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxProductCutting(int n) {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif (n &lt;= 3) {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1);\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\nint a = n / 3;\nint b = n % 3;\nif (b == 1) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn (int)pow(3, a - 1) * 2 * 2;\n}\nif (b == 2) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn (int)pow(3, a) * 2;\n}\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn (int)pow(3, a);\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.java<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxProductCutting(int n) {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif (n &lt;= 3) {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1);\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\nint a = n / 3;\nint b = n % 3;\nif (b == 1) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn (int) Math.pow(3, a - 1) * 2 * 2;\n}\nif (b == 2) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn (int) Math.pow(3, a) * 2;\n}\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn (int) Math.pow(3, a);\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.cs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxProductCutting(int n) {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif (n &lt;= 3) {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1);\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\nint a = n / 3;\nint b = n % 3;\nif (b == 1) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn (int)Math.Pow(3, a - 1) * 2 * 2;\n}\nif (b == 2) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn (int)Math.Pow(3, a) * 2;\n}\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn (int)Math.Pow(3, a);\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.go<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunc maxProductCutting(n int) int {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif n &lt;= 3 {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1)\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\na := n / 3\nb := n % 3\nif b == 1 {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn int(math.Pow(3, float64(a-1))) * 2 * 2\n}\nif b == 2 {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn int(math.Pow(3, float64(a))) * 2\n}\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn int(math.Pow(3, float64(a)))\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.swift<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunc maxProductCutting(n: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif n &lt;= 3 {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1)\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\nlet a = n / 3\nlet b = n % 3\nif b == 1 {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn pow(3, a - 1) * 2 * 2\n}\nif b == 2 {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn pow(3, a) * 2\n}\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn pow(3, a)\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.js<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunction maxProductCutting(n) {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif (n &lt;= 3) {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1);\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\nlet a = Math.floor(n / 3);\nlet b = n % 3;\nif (b === 1) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn Math.pow(3, a - 1) * 2 * 2;\n}\nif (b === 2) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn Math.pow(3, a) * 2;\n}\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn Math.pow(3, a);\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.ts<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfunction maxProductCutting(n: number): number {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif (n &lt;= 3) {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1);\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\nlet a: number = Math.floor(n / 3);\nlet b: number = n % 3;\nif (b === 1) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn Math.pow(3, a - 1) * 2 * 2;\n}\nif (b === 2) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn Math.pow(3, a) * 2;\n}\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn Math.pow(3, a);\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.dart<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxProductCutting(int n) {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif (n &lt;= 3) {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1);\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\nint a = n ~/ 3;\nint b = n % 3;\nif (b == 1) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn (pow(3, a - 1) * 2 * 2).toInt();\n}\nif (b == 2) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn (pow(3, a) * 2).toInt();\n}\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn pow(3, a).toInt();\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.rs<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nfn max_product_cutting(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif n &lt;= 3 {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1);\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\nlet a = n / 3;\nlet b = n % 3;\nif b == 1 {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\n3_i32.pow(a as u32 - 1) * 2 * 2\n} else if b == 2 {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\n3_i32.pow(a as u32) * 2\n} else {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\n3_i32.pow(a as u32)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.c<pre><code>/* \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3 */\nint maxProductCutting(int n) {\n// \u5f53 n &lt;= 3 \u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a 1\nif (n &lt;= 3) {\nreturn 1 * (n - 1);\n}\n// \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa 3 \uff0ca \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cb \u4e3a\u4f59\u6570\nint a = n / 3;\nint b = n % 3;\nif (b == 1) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u5bf9 1 * 3 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 2 * 2\nreturn pow(3, a - 1) * 2 * 2;\n}\nif (b == 2) {\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 2 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn pow(3, a) * 2;\n}\n// \u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u5904\u7406\nreturn pow(3, a);\n}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-16 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5 </p> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5e42\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5 Python \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e42\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 <code>**</code> \u548c\u51fd\u6570 <code>pow()</code> \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(\\log\u2061 a)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u51fd\u6570 <code>math.pow()</code> \u5185\u90e8\u8c03\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u5e93\u7684 <code>pow()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u6267\u884c\u6d6e\u70b9\u53d6\u5e42\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53d8\u91cf \\(a\\) \u548c \\(b\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e","text":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u5206\u6790 \\(n \\geq 3\\) \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u6240\u6709\u56e0\u5b50 \\(\\leq 3\\) \uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728 \\(\\geq 4\\) \u7684\u56e0\u5b50 \\(x\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u7ee7\u7eed\u5212\u5206\u4e3a \\(2(x-2)\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u77db\u76fe\u3002</li> <li>\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e0d\u5305\u542b \\(1\\) \uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50 \\(1\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u5165\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u5927\u4e58\u79ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u77db\u76fe\u3002</li> <li>\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u6700\u591a\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a \\(2\\) \uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a \\(2\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a \\(3\\) \uff0c\u4e58\u79ef\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u77db\u76fe\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/summary/","title":"15.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u7406\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u505a\u51fa\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u671b\u83b7\u5f97\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u88ab\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u6548\u7387\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u5219\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5f88\u5dee\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u9002\u5408\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u4e24\u5927\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u4ee3\u8868\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bc1\u4f2a\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u6c42\u89e3\u8d2a\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u96be\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u5728 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u9009\u62e9\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\u3002\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7a77\u4e3e\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u540e\u63a8\u7406\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\\(\\geq 4\\) \u7684\u6574\u6570\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u5207\u5206\u3001\u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5e42\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5e42\u8fd0\u7b97\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u6216 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/","title":"\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3002</p> <p>\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u7d22\u4e66\u53f7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>6.1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868</li> <li>6.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81</li> <li>6.3 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>6.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/","title":"6.3 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u4e24\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u800c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u8fd8\u662f\u94fe\u5730\u5740\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u51cf\u5c11\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u8fc7\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5219\u4f1a\u6025\u5267\u52a3\u5316\u3002\u5982\u56fe 6-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u94fe\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\uff1b\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u90fd\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9000\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-8 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u4e0e\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5 </p> <p>\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\u7531\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u56de\u5fc6\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\uff0c\u518d\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u53d6\u6a21\uff1a</p> <pre><code>index = hash(key) % capacity\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f53\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf <code>capacity</code> \u56fa\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>hash()</code> \u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8f93\u51fa\u503c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c0f\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>hash()</code> \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/#631","title":"6.3.1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u76ee\u6807","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u65e2\u5feb\u53c8\u7a33\u201d\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e94\u59cb\u7ec8\u4ea7\u751f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e94\u8be5\u8db3\u591f\u5feb\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff1a\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e94\u4f7f\u5f97\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u5206\u5e03\u8d8a\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u660e\u6587\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u8005\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5bc6\u7801\u5c31\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6b63\u786e\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u636e\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e00\u540c\u53d1\u9001\uff1b\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u8005\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u4ece\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u5bc6\u7801\u7b49\u9006\u5411\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5907\u66f4\u9ad8\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5355\u5411\u6027\uff1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u53cd\u63a8\u51fa\u5173\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> <li>\u6297\u78b0\u649e\u6027\uff1a\u5e94\u5f53\u6781\u5176\u56f0\u96be\u627e\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> <li>\u96ea\u5d29\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u53d8\u5316\u5e94\u5f53\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u663e\u8457\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u201c\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u6297\u78b0\u649e\u6027\u201d\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6ee1\u8db3\u6297\u78b0\u649e\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u968f\u673a\u8f93\u5165 <code>key</code> \u4e0b\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 <code>key % 100</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8be5\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u540e\u4e24\u4f4d\u76f8\u7b49\u7684 <code>key</code> \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u4ece\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u53cd\u63a8\u51fa\u53ef\u7528\u7684 <code>key</code> \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7834\u89e3\u5bc6\u7801\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/#632","title":"6.3.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1","text":"<p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u8bb8\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u80fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c\uff1a\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u603b\u548c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u4e58\u6cd5\u7684\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e58\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c\uff1a\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c\uff1a\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u7d2f\u79ef\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig simple_hash.py<pre><code>def add_hash(key: str) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c\"\"\"\nhash = 0\nmodulus = 1000000007\nfor c in key:\nhash += ord(c)\nreturn hash % modulus\ndef mul_hash(key: str) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c\"\"\"\nhash = 0\nmodulus = 1000000007\nfor c in key:\nhash = 31 * hash + ord(c)\nreturn hash % modulus\ndef xor_hash(key: str) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c\"\"\"\nhash = 0\nmodulus = 1000000007\nfor c in key:\nhash ^= ord(c)\nreturn hash % modulus\ndef rot_hash(key: str) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c\"\"\"\nhash = 0\nmodulus = 1000000007\nfor c in key:\nhash = (hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ ord(c)\nreturn hash % modulus\n</code></pre> simple_hash.cpp<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint addHash(string key) {\nlong long hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (unsigned char c : key) {\nhash = (hash + (int)c) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int)hash;\n}\n/* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint mulHash(string key) {\nlong long hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (unsigned char c : key) {\nhash = (31 * hash + (int)c) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int)hash;\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint xorHash(string key) {\nint hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (unsigned char c : key) {\nhash ^= (int)c;\n}\nreturn hash &amp; MODULUS;\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint rotHash(string key) {\nlong long hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (unsigned char c : key) {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ (int)c) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int)hash;\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.java<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint addHash(String key) {\nlong hash = 0;\nfinal int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (char c : key.toCharArray()) {\nhash = (hash + (int) c) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int) hash;\n}\n/* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint mulHash(String key) {\nlong hash = 0;\nfinal int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (char c : key.toCharArray()) {\nhash = (31 * hash + (int) c) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int) hash;\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint xorHash(String key) {\nint hash = 0;\nfinal int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (char c : key.toCharArray()) {\nhash ^= (int) c;\n}\nreturn hash &amp; MODULUS;\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint rotHash(String key) {\nlong hash = 0;\nfinal int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (char c : key.toCharArray()) {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ (int) c) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int) hash;\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.cs<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint addHash(string key) {\nlong hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nforeach (char c in key) {\nhash = (hash + c) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int)hash;\n}\n/* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint mulHash(string key) {\nlong hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nforeach (char c in key) {\nhash = (31 * hash + c) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int)hash;\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint xorHash(string key) {\nint hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nforeach (char c in key) {\nhash ^= c;\n}\nreturn hash &amp; MODULUS;\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint rotHash(string key) {\nlong hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nforeach (char c in key) {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ c) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int)hash;\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.go<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunc addHash(key string) int {\nvar hash int64\nvar modulus int64\nmodulus = 1000000007\nfor _, b := range []byte(key) {\nhash = (hash + int64(b)) % modulus\n}\nreturn int(hash)\n}\n/* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunc mulHash(key string) int {\nvar hash int64\nvar modulus int64\nmodulus = 1000000007\nfor _, b := range []byte(key) {\nhash = (31*hash + int64(b)) % modulus\n}\nreturn int(hash)\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunc xorHash(key string) int {\nhash := 0\nmodulus := 1000000007\nfor _, b := range []byte(key) {\nfmt.Println(int(b))\nhash ^= int(b)\nhash = (31*hash + int(b)) % modulus\n}\nreturn hash &amp; modulus\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunc rotHash(key string) int {\nvar hash int64\nvar modulus int64\nmodulus = 1000000007\nfor _, b := range []byte(key) {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ int64(b)) % modulus\n}\nreturn int(hash)\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.swift<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunc addHash(key: String) -&gt; Int {\nvar hash = 0\nlet MODULUS = 1_000_000_007\nfor c in key {\nfor scalar in c.unicodeScalars {\nhash = (hash + Int(scalar.value)) % MODULUS\n}\n}\nreturn hash\n}\n/* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunc mulHash(key: String) -&gt; Int {\nvar hash = 0\nlet MODULUS = 1_000_000_007\nfor c in key {\nfor scalar in c.unicodeScalars {\nhash = (31 * hash + Int(scalar.value)) % MODULUS\n}\n}\nreturn hash\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunc xorHash(key: String) -&gt; Int {\nvar hash = 0\nlet MODULUS = 1_000_000_007\nfor c in key {\nfor scalar in c.unicodeScalars {\nhash ^= Int(scalar.value)\n}\n}\nreturn hash &amp; MODULUS\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunc rotHash(key: String) -&gt; Int {\nvar hash = 0\nlet MODULUS = 1_000_000_007\nfor c in key {\nfor scalar in c.unicodeScalars {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ Int(scalar.value)) % MODULUS\n}\n}\nreturn hash\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.js<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunction addHash(key) {\nlet hash = 0;\nconst MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (const c of key) {\nhash = (hash + c.charCodeAt(0)) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn hash;\n}\n/* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunction mulHash(key) {\nlet hash = 0;\nconst MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (const c of key) {\nhash = (31 * hash + c.charCodeAt(0)) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn hash;\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunction xorHash(key) {\nlet hash = 0;\nconst MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (const c of key) {\nhash ^= c.charCodeAt(0);\n}\nreturn hash &amp; MODULUS;\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunction rotHash(key) {\nlet hash = 0;\nconst MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (const c of key) {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ c.charCodeAt(0)) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn hash;\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.ts<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunction addHash(key: string): number {\nlet hash = 0;\nconst MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (const c of key) {\nhash = (hash + c.charCodeAt(0)) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn hash;\n}\n/* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunction mulHash(key: string): number {\nlet hash = 0;\nconst MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (const c of key) {\nhash = (31 * hash + c.charCodeAt(0)) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn hash;\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunction xorHash(key: string): number {\nlet hash = 0;\nconst MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (const c of key) {\nhash ^= c.charCodeAt(0);\n}\nreturn hash &amp; MODULUS;\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfunction rotHash(key: string): number {\nlet hash = 0;\nconst MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (const c of key) {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ c.charCodeAt(0)) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn hash;\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.dart<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint addHash(String key) {\nint hash = 0;\nfinal int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; key.length; i++) {\nhash = (hash + key.codeUnitAt(i)) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn hash;\n}\n/* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint mulHash(String key) {\nint hash = 0;\nfinal int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; key.length; i++) {\nhash = (31 * hash + key.codeUnitAt(i)) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn hash;\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint xorHash(String key) {\nint hash = 0;\nfinal int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; key.length; i++) {\nhash ^= key.codeUnitAt(i);\n}\nreturn hash &amp; MODULUS;\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint rotHash(String key) {\nint hash = 0;\nfinal int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; key.length; i++) {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ key.codeUnitAt(i)) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn hash;\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.rs<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfn add_hash(key: &amp;str) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut hash = 0_i64;\nconst MODULUS: i64 = 1000000007;\nfor c in key.chars() {\nhash = (hash + c as i64) % MODULUS;\n}\nhash as i32\n} /* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfn mul_hash(key: &amp;str) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut hash = 0_i64;\nconst MODULUS: i64 = 1000000007;\nfor c in key.chars() {\nhash = (31 * hash + c as i64) % MODULUS;\n}\nhash as i32\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfn xor_hash(key: &amp;str) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut hash = 0_i64;\nconst MODULUS: i64 = 1000000007;\nfor c in key.chars() {\nhash ^= c as i64;\n}\n(hash &amp; MODULUS) as i32\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nfn rot_hash(key: &amp;str) -&gt; i32 {\nlet mut hash = 0_i64;\nconst MODULUS: i64 = 1000000007;\nfor c in key.chars() {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ c as i64) % MODULUS;\n}\nhash as i32\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.c<pre><code>/* \u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint addHash(char *key) {\nlong long hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; strlen(key); i++) {\nhash = (hash + (unsigned char)key[i]) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int)hash;\n}\n/* \u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint mulHash(char *key) {\nlong long hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; strlen(key); i++) {\nhash = (31 * hash + (unsigned char)key[i]) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int)hash;\n}\n/* \u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint xorHash(char *key) {\nint hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; strlen(key); i++) {\nhash ^= (unsigned char)key[i];\n}\nreturn hash &amp; MODULUS;\n}\n/* \u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c */\nint rotHash(char *key) {\nlong long hash = 0;\nconst int MODULUS = 1000000007;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; strlen(key); i++) {\nhash = ((hash &lt;&lt; 4) ^ (hash &gt;&gt; 28) ^ (unsigned char)key[i]) % MODULUS;\n}\nreturn (int)hash;\n}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u5927\u8d28\u6570 \\(1000000007\\) \u53d6\u6a21\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u601d\u8003\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u8d28\u6570\u53d6\u6a21\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5bf9\u5408\u6570\u53d6\u6a21\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u5148\u629b\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u8d28\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5730\u4fdd\u8bc1\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7684\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d28\u6570\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u5b57\u5b58\u5728\u516c\u7ea6\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u56e0\u53d6\u6a21\u64cd\u4f5c\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5468\u671f\u6027\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u6570 \\(9\\) \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab \\(3\\) \u6574\u9664\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab \\(3\\) \u6574\u9664\u7684 <code>key</code> \u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u5230 \\(0\\)\u3001\\(3\\)\u3001\\(6\\) \u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\text{modulus} &amp; = 9 \\newline \\text{key} &amp; = \\{ 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, \\dots \\} \\newline \\text{hash} &amp; = \\{ 0, 3, 6, 0, 3, 6, 0, 3, 6, 0, 3, 6,\\dots \\} \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165 <code>key</code> \u6070\u597d\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b49\u5dee\u6570\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u805a\u5806\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u91cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u5c06 <code>modulus</code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u8d28\u6570 \\(13\\) \uff0c\u7531\u4e8e <code>key</code> \u548c <code>modulus</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u516c\u7ea6\u6570\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7684\u5747\u5300\u6027\u4f1a\u660e\u663e\u63d0\u5347\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\text{modulus} &amp; = 13 \\newline \\text{key} &amp; = \\{ 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, \\dots \\} \\newline \\text{hash} &amp; = \\{ 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 2, 5, 8, 11, 1, 4, 7, \\dots \\} \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1 <code>key</code> \u662f\u968f\u673a\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9009\u62e9\u8d28\u6570\u6216\u8005\u5408\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u8f93\u51fa\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002\u800c\u5f53 <code>key</code> \u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u5468\u671f\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5408\u6570\u53d6\u6a21\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u805a\u96c6\u73b0\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u53d6\u8d28\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d28\u6570\u6700\u597d\u8db3\u591f\u5927\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u6d88\u9664\u5468\u671f\u6027\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7a33\u5065\u6027\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/#633","title":"6.3.3 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u201c\u8106\u5f31\u201d\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u5f02\u6216\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ea4\u6362\u5f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c\u548c\u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u533a\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u540c\u4f46\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u8d77\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 MD5\u3001SHA-1\u3001SHA-2\u3001SHA3 \u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4efb\u610f\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u6052\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5904\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5347\u7ea7\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u52aa\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u5219\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5bfb\u627e\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8868 6-2 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>MD5 \u548c SHA-1 \u5df2\u591a\u6b21\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u5404\u7c7b\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u5f03\u7528\u3002</li> <li>SHA-2 \u7cfb\u5217\u4e2d\u7684 SHA-256 \u662f\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4ecd\u672a\u51fa\u73b0\u6210\u529f\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>SHA-3 \u76f8\u8f83 SHA-2 \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f00\u9500\u66f4\u4f4e\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u8986\u76d6\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5982 SHA-2 \u7cfb\u5217\u3002</li> </ul> <p> \u8868 6-2 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 </p> MD5 SHA-1 SHA-2 SHA-3 \u63a8\u51fa\u65f6\u95f4 1992 1995 2002 2008 \u8f93\u51fa\u957f\u5ea6 128 bits 160 bits 256 / 512 bits 224/256/384/512 bits \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81 \u8f83\u591a \u8f83\u591a \u5f88\u5c11 \u5f88\u5c11 \u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7ea7 \u4f4e\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u653b\u51fb \u4f4e\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u653b\u51fb \u9ad8 \u9ad8 \u5e94\u7528 \u5df2\u88ab\u5f03\u7528\uff0c\u4ecd\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u68c0\u67e5 \u5df2\u88ab\u5f03\u7528 \u52a0\u5bc6\u8d27\u5e01\u4ea4\u6613\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7b49 \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u66ff\u4ee3 SHA-2"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/#634","title":"6.3.4 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684 <code>key</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5c0f\u6570\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u4ee5 Python \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528 <code>hash()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u6570\u548c\u5e03\u5c14\u91cf\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u3002</li> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u8bf7\u81ea\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002</li> <li>\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u662f\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u54c8\u5e0c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u751f\u6210\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5199\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\u751f\u6210\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig built_in_hash.py<pre><code>num = 3\nhash_num = hash(num)\n# \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 3\nbol = True\nhash_bol = hash(bol)\n# \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf True \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1\ndec = 3.14159\nhash_dec = hash(dec)\n# \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 326484311674566659\nstr = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\"\nhash_str = hash(str)\n# \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 4617003410720528961\ntup = (12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\")\nhash_tup = hash(tup)\n# \u5143\u7ec4 (12836, '\u5c0f\u54c8') \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1029005403108185979\nobj = ListNode(0)\nhash_obj = hash(obj)\n# \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 &lt;ListNode object at 0x1058fd810&gt; \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 274267521\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.cpp<pre><code>int num = 3;\nsize_t hashNum = hash&lt;int&gt;()(num);\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 3\nbool bol = true;\nsize_t hashBol = hash&lt;bool&gt;()(bol);\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf 1 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1\ndouble dec = 3.14159;\nsize_t hashDec = hash&lt;double&gt;()(dec);\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 4614256650576692846\nstring str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nsize_t hashStr = hash&lt;string&gt;()(str);\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 15466937326284535026\n// \u5728 C++ \u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u7f6e std:hash() \u4ec5\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\n// \u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.java<pre><code>int num = 3;\nint hashNum = Integer.hashCode(num);\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 3\nboolean bol = true;\nint hashBol = Boolean.hashCode(bol);\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1231\ndouble dec = 3.14159;\nint hashDec = Double.hashCode(dec);\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -1340954729\nString str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nint hashStr = str.hashCode();\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -727081396\nObject[] arr = { 12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\" };\nint hashTup = Arrays.hashCode(arr);\n// \u6570\u7ec4 [12836, \u5c0f\u54c8] \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1151158\nListNode obj = new ListNode(0);\nint hashObj = obj.hashCode();\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 utils.ListNode@7dc5e7b4 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 2110121908\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.cs<pre><code>int num = 3;\nint hashNum = num.GetHashCode();\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 3;\nbool bol = true;\nint hashBol = bol.GetHashCode();\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1;\ndouble dec = 3.14159;\nint hashDec = dec.GetHashCode();\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -1340954729;\nstring str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nint hashStr = str.GetHashCode();\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -586107568;\nobject[] arr = { 12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\" };\nint hashTup = arr.GetHashCode();\n// \u6570\u7ec4 [12836, \u5c0f\u54c8] \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 42931033;\nListNode obj = new ListNode(0);\nint hashObj = obj.GetHashCode();\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 0 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 39053774;\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.go<pre><code>\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.swift<pre><code>let num = 3\nlet hashNum = num.hashValue\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 9047044699613009734\nlet bol = true\nlet hashBol = bol.hashValue\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -4431640247352757451\nlet dec = 3.14159\nlet hashDec = dec.hashValue\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -2465384235396674631\nlet str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\"\nlet hashStr = str.hashValue\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -7850626797806988787\nlet arr = [AnyHashable(12836), AnyHashable(\"\u5c0f\u54c8\")]\nlet hashTup = arr.hashValue\n// \u6570\u7ec4 [AnyHashable(12836), AnyHashable(\"\u5c0f\u54c8\")] \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -2308633508154532996\nlet obj = ListNode(x: 0)\nlet hashObj = obj.hashValue\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 utils.ListNode \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -2434780518035996159\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.js<pre><code>// JavaScript \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e hash code \u51fd\u6570\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.ts<pre><code>// TypeScript \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e hash code \u51fd\u6570\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.dart<pre><code>int num = 3;\nint hashNum = num.hashCode;\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 34803\nbool bol = true;\nint hashBol = bol.hashCode;\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u503c true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1231\ndouble dec = 3.14159;\nint hashDec = dec.hashCode;\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 2570631074981783\nString str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nint hashStr = str.hashCode;\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 468167534\nList arr = [12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\"];\nint hashArr = arr.hashCode;\n// \u6570\u7ec4 [12836, \u5c0f\u54c8] \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 976512528\nListNode obj = new ListNode(0);\nint hashObj = obj.hashCode;\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 Instance of 'ListNode' \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1033450432\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.rs<pre><code>use std::collections::hash_map::DefaultHasher;\nuse std::hash::{Hash, Hasher};\nlet num = 3;\nlet mut num_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\nnum.hash(&amp;mut num_hasher);\nlet hash_num = num_hasher.finish();\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 568126464209439262\nlet bol = true;\nlet mut bol_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\nbol.hash(&amp;mut bol_hasher);\nlet hash_bol = bol_hasher.finish();\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 4952851536318644461\nlet dec: f32 = 3.14159;\nlet mut dec_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\ndec.to_bits().hash(&amp;mut dec_hasher);\nlet hash_dec = dec_hasher.finish();\nprintln!(\"\u5c0f\u6570 {} \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a {}\", dec, hash_dec);\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 2566941990314602357\nlet str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nlet mut str_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\nstr.hash(&amp;mut str_hasher);\nlet hash_str = str_hasher.finish();\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 16092673739211250988\nlet arr = (&amp;12836, &amp;\"\u5c0f\u54c8\");\nlet mut tup_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\narr.hash(&amp;mut tup_hasher);\nlet hash_tup = tup_hasher.finish();\n// \u5143\u7ec4 (12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\") \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1885128010422702749\nlet node = ListNode::new(42);\nlet mut hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\nnode.borrow().val.hash(&amp;mut hasher);\nlet hash = hasher.finish();\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 RefCell { value: ListNode { val: 42, next: None } } \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a15387811073369036852\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e hash code \u51fd\u6570\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u624d\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684 <code>key</code> \u3002\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5217\u8868\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>key</code> \uff0c\u5f53\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u539f\u5148\u7684 <code>value</code> \u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u867d\u7136\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u53ef\u54c8\u5e0c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u7684\u76d0\uff08Salt\uff09\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62 HashDoS \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/","title":"6.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81","text":"<p>\u4e0a\u8282\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3a\u5168\u4f53\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u5c31\u8fdb\u884c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u51b2\u7a81\u6d88\u5931\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u7c97\u66b4\u4e14\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u6548\u7387\u592a\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u642c\u8fd0\u4e0e\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u6539\u826f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u4ec5\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u91cd\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6539\u826f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u201d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#621","title":"6.2.1 \u00a0 \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740","text":"<p>\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u4ec5\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u300c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740 separate chaining\u300d\u5c06\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u56fe 6-5 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-5 \u00a0 \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 </p> <p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53d8\u5316\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u67e5\u8be2\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u8f93\u5165 <code>key</code> \uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5f97\u5230\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u5e76\u5bf9\u6bd4 <code>key</code> \u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u76ee\u6807\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002</li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff09\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5220\u9664\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u5305\u542b\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5b83\u76f8\u6bd4\u6570\u7ec4\u66f4\u52a0\u8017\u8d39\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u5bf9\u5e94\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e24\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u4ee3\u66ff\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0b\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u542b\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(\\frac{2}{3}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u81f3 \\(2\\) \u500d\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hash_map_chaining.py<pre><code>class HashMapChaining:\n\"\"\"\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.size = 0  # \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nself.capacity = 4  # \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nself.load_thres = 2.0 / 3.0  # \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nself.extend_ratio = 2  # \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nself.buckets = [[] for _ in range(self.capacity)]  # \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\ndef hash_func(self, key: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\"\"\"\nreturn key % self.capacity\ndef load_factor(self) -&gt; float:\n\"\"\"\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\"\"\"\nreturn self.size / self.capacity\ndef get(self, key: int) -&gt; str | None:\n\"\"\"\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\nindex = self.hash_func(key)\nbucket = self.buckets[index]\n# \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nfor pair in bucket:\nif pair.key == key:\nreturn pair.val\n# \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de None\nreturn None\ndef put(self, key: int, val: str):\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\n# \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif self.load_factor() &gt; self.load_thres:\nself.extend()\nindex = self.hash_func(key)\nbucket = self.buckets[index]\n# \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nfor pair in bucket:\nif pair.key == key:\npair.val = val\nreturn\n# \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\npair = Pair(key, val)\nbucket.append(pair)\nself.size += 1\ndef remove(self, key: int):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\nindex = self.hash_func(key)\nbucket = self.buckets[index]\n# \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nfor pair in bucket:\nif pair.key == key:\nbucket.remove(pair)\nself.size -= 1\nbreak\ndef extend(self):\n\"\"\"\u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\"\"\"\n# \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nbuckets = self.buckets\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nself.capacity *= self.extend_ratio\nself.buckets = [[] for _ in range(self.capacity)]\nself.size = 0\n# \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor bucket in buckets:\nfor pair in bucket:\nself.put(pair.key, pair.val)\ndef print(self):\n\"\"\"\u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\"\"\"\nfor bucket in self.buckets:\nres = []\nfor pair in bucket:\nres.append(str(pair.key) + \" -&gt; \" + pair.val)\nprint(res)\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.cpp<pre><code>/* \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapChaining {\nprivate:\nint size;                       // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nint capacity;                   // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\ndouble loadThres;               // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nint extendRatio;                // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nvector&lt;vector&lt;Pair *&gt;&gt; buckets; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\npublic:\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nHashMapChaining() : size(0), capacity(4), loadThres(2.0 / 3.0), extendRatio(2) {\nbuckets.resize(capacity);\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u65b9\u6cd5 */\n~HashMapChaining() {\nfor (auto &amp;bucket : buckets) {\nfor (Pair *pair : bucket) {\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\ndelete pair;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nint hashFunc(int key) {\nreturn key % capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\ndouble loadFactor() {\nreturn (double)size / (double)capacity;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nstring get(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nfor (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {\nif (pair-&gt;key == key) {\nreturn pair-&gt;val;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\nreturn \"\";\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid put(int key, string val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (loadFactor() &gt; loadThres) {\nextend();\n}\nint index = hashFunc(key);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nfor (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {\nif (pair-&gt;key == key) {\npair-&gt;val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\nbuckets[index].push_back(new Pair(key, val));\nsize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid remove(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nauto &amp;bucket = buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; bucket.size(); i++) {\nif (bucket[i]-&gt;key == key) {\nPair *tmp = bucket[i];\nbucket.erase(bucket.begin() + i); // \u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\ndelete tmp;                       // \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nsize--;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nvector&lt;vector&lt;Pair *&gt;&gt; bucketsTmp = buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ncapacity *= extendRatio;\nbuckets.clear();\nbuckets.resize(capacity);\nsize = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (auto &amp;bucket : bucketsTmp) {\nfor (Pair *pair : bucket) {\nput(pair-&gt;key, pair-&gt;val);\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\ndelete pair;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid print() {\nfor (auto &amp;bucket : buckets) {\ncout &lt;&lt; \"[\";\nfor (Pair *pair : bucket) {\ncout &lt;&lt; pair-&gt;key &lt;&lt; \" -&gt; \" &lt;&lt; pair-&gt;val &lt;&lt; \", \";\n}\ncout &lt;&lt; \"]\\n\";\n}\n}\n};\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.java<pre><code>/* \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapChaining {\nint size; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nint capacity; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\ndouble loadThres; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nint extendRatio; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nList&lt;List&lt;Pair&gt;&gt; buckets; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic HashMapChaining() {\nsize = 0;\ncapacity = 4;\nloadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;\nextendRatio = 2;\nbuckets = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(capacity);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; capacity; i++) {\nbuckets.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;());\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nint hashFunc(int key) {\nreturn key % capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\ndouble loadFactor() {\nreturn (double) size / capacity;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nString get(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nList&lt;Pair&gt; bucket = buckets.get(index);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nfor (Pair pair : bucket) {\nif (pair.key == key) {\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid put(int key, String val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (loadFactor() &gt; loadThres) {\nextend();\n}\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nList&lt;Pair&gt; bucket = buckets.get(index);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nfor (Pair pair : bucket) {\nif (pair.key == key) {\npair.val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\nPair pair = new Pair(key, val);\nbucket.add(pair);\nsize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid remove(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nList&lt;Pair&gt; bucket = buckets.get(index);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nfor (Pair pair : bucket) {\nif (pair.key == key) {\nbucket.remove(pair);\nsize--;\nbreak;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nList&lt;List&lt;Pair&gt;&gt; bucketsTmp = buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ncapacity *= extendRatio;\nbuckets = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(capacity);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; capacity; i++) {\nbuckets.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;());\n}\nsize = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (List&lt;Pair&gt; bucket : bucketsTmp) {\nfor (Pair pair : bucket) {\nput(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid print() {\nfor (List&lt;Pair&gt; bucket : buckets) {\nList&lt;String&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (Pair pair : bucket) {\nres.add(pair.key + \" -&gt; \" + pair.val);\n}\nSystem.out.println(res);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.cs<pre><code>/* \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapChaining {\nint size; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nint capacity; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\ndouble loadThres; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nint extendRatio; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nList&lt;List&lt;Pair&gt;&gt; buckets; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic HashMapChaining() {\nsize = 0;\ncapacity = 4;\nloadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;\nextendRatio = 2;\nbuckets = new List&lt;List&lt;Pair&gt;&gt;(capacity);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; capacity; i++) {\nbuckets.Add(new List&lt;Pair&gt;());\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nprivate int hashFunc(int key) {\nreturn key % capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\nprivate double loadFactor() {\nreturn (double)size / capacity;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic string? get(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nforeach (Pair pair in buckets[index]) {\nif (pair.key == key) {\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void put(int key, string val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (loadFactor() &gt; loadThres) {\nextend();\n}\nint index = hashFunc(key);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nforeach (Pair pair in buckets[index]) {\nif (pair.key == key) {\npair.val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\nbuckets[index].Add(new Pair(key, val));\nsize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void remove(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nforeach (Pair pair in buckets[index].ToList()) {\nif (pair.key == key) {\nbuckets[index].Remove(pair);\nsize--;\nbreak;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nprivate void extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nList&lt;List&lt;Pair&gt;&gt; bucketsTmp = buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ncapacity *= extendRatio;\nbuckets = new List&lt;List&lt;Pair&gt;&gt;(capacity);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; capacity; i++) {\nbuckets.Add(new List&lt;Pair&gt;());\n}\nsize = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nforeach (List&lt;Pair&gt; bucket in bucketsTmp) {\nforeach (Pair pair in bucket) {\nput(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\npublic void print() {\nforeach (List&lt;Pair&gt; bucket in buckets) {\nList&lt;string&gt; res = new List&lt;string&gt;();\nforeach (Pair pair in bucket) {\nres.Add(pair.key + \" -&gt; \" + pair.val);\n}\nforeach (string kv in res) {\nConsole.WriteLine(kv);\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.go<pre><code>/* \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\ntype hashMapChaining struct {\nsize        int      // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\ncapacity    int      // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nloadThres   float64  // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nextendRatio int      // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nbuckets     [][]pair // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfunc newHashMapChaining() *hashMapChaining {\nbuckets := make([][]pair, 4)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; 4; i++ {\nbuckets[i] = make([]pair, 0)\n}\nreturn &amp;hashMapChaining{\nsize:        0,\ncapacity:    4,\nloadThres:   2.0 / 3.0,\nextendRatio: 2,\nbuckets:     buckets,\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc (m *hashMapChaining) hashFunc(key int) int {\nreturn key % m.capacity\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\nfunc (m *hashMapChaining) loadFactor() float64 {\nreturn float64(m.size / m.capacity)\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (m *hashMapChaining) get(key int) string {\nidx := m.hashFunc(key)\nbucket := m.buckets[idx]\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nfor _, p := range bucket {\nif p.key == key {\nreturn p.val\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\nreturn \"\"\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (m *hashMapChaining) put(key int, val string) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif m.loadFactor() &gt; m.loadThres {\nm.extend()\n}\nidx := m.hashFunc(key)\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nfor _, p := range m.buckets[idx] {\nif p.key == key {\np.val = val\nreturn\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\np := pair{\nkey: key,\nval: val,\n}\nm.buckets[idx] = append(m.buckets[idx], p)\nm.size += 1\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (m *hashMapChaining) remove(key int) {\nidx := m.hashFunc(key)\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nfor i, p := range m.buckets[idx] {\nif p.key == key {\n// \u5207\u7247\u5220\u9664\nm.buckets[idx] = append(m.buckets[idx][:i], m.buckets[idx][i+1:]...)\nm.size -= 1\nbreak\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc (m *hashMapChaining) extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ntmpBuckets := make([][]pair, len(m.buckets))\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(m.buckets); i++ {\ntmpBuckets[i] = make([]pair, len(m.buckets[i]))\ncopy(tmpBuckets[i], m.buckets[i])\n}\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nm.capacity *= m.extendRatio\nm.buckets = make([][]pair, m.capacity)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; m.capacity; i++ {\nm.buckets[i] = make([]pair, 0)\n}\nm.size = 0\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor _, bucket := range tmpBuckets {\nfor _, p := range bucket {\nm.put(p.key, p.val)\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc (m *hashMapChaining) print() {\nvar builder strings.Builder\nfor _, bucket := range m.buckets {\nbuilder.WriteString(\"[\")\nfor _, p := range bucket {\nbuilder.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(p.key) + \" -&gt; \" + p.val + \" \")\n}\nbuilder.WriteString(\"]\")\nfmt.Println(builder.String())\nbuilder.Reset()\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.swift<pre><code>/* \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapChaining {\nvar size: Int // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nvar capacity: Int // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nvar loadThres: Double // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nvar extendRatio: Int // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nvar buckets: [[Pair]] // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\ninit() {\nsize = 0\ncapacity = 4\nloadThres = 2.0 / 3.0\nextendRatio = 2\nbuckets = Array(repeating: [], count: capacity)\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc hashFunc(key: Int) -&gt; Int {\nkey % capacity\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\nfunc loadFactor() -&gt; Double {\nDouble(size / capacity)\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc get(key: Int) -&gt; String? {\nlet index = hashFunc(key: key)\nlet bucket = buckets[index]\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nfor pair in bucket {\nif pair.key == key {\nreturn pair.val\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de nil\nreturn nil\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc put(key: Int, val: String) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif loadFactor() &gt; loadThres {\nextend()\n}\nlet index = hashFunc(key: key)\nlet bucket = buckets[index]\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nfor pair in bucket {\nif pair.key == key {\npair.val = val\nreturn\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\nlet pair = Pair(key: key, val: val)\nbuckets[index].append(pair)\nsize += 1\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc remove(key: Int) {\nlet index = hashFunc(key: key)\nlet bucket = buckets[index]\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nfor (pairIndex, pair) in bucket.enumerated() {\nif pair.key == key {\nbuckets[index].remove(at: pairIndex)\n}\n}\nsize -= 1\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nlet bucketsTmp = buckets\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ncapacity *= extendRatio\nbuckets = Array(repeating: [], count: capacity)\nsize = 0\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor bucket in bucketsTmp {\nfor pair in bucket {\nput(key: pair.key, val: pair.val)\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc print() {\nfor bucket in buckets {\nlet res = bucket.map { \"\\($0.key) -&gt; \\($0.val)\" }\nSwift.print(res)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.js<pre><code>/* \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapChaining {\n#size; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\n#capacity; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\n#loadThres; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\n#extendRatio; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\n#buckets; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor() {\nthis.#size = 0;\nthis.#capacity = 4;\nthis.#loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;\nthis.#extendRatio = 2;\nthis.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null).map((x) =&gt; []);\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\n#hashFunc(key) {\nreturn key % this.#capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\n#loadFactor() {\nreturn this.#size / this.#capacity;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nget(key) {\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\nconst bucket = this.#buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nfor (const pair of bucket) {\nif (pair.key === key) {\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nput(key, val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (this.#loadFactor() &gt; this.#loadThres) {\nthis.#extend();\n}\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\nconst bucket = this.#buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nfor (const pair of bucket) {\nif (pair.key === key) {\npair.val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\nconst pair = new Pair(key, val);\nbucket.push(pair);\nthis.#size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nremove(key) {\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\nlet bucket = this.#buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; bucket.length; i++) {\nif (bucket[i].key === key) {\nbucket.splice(i, 1);\nthis.#size--;\nbreak;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n#extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nconst bucketsTmp = this.#buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nthis.#capacity *= this.#extendRatio;\nthis.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null).map((x) =&gt; []);\nthis.#size = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (const bucket of bucketsTmp) {\nfor (const pair of bucket) {\nthis.put(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nprint() {\nfor (const bucket of this.#buckets) {\nlet res = [];\nfor (const pair of bucket) {\nres.push(pair.key + ' -&gt; ' + pair.val);\n}\nconsole.log(res);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.ts<pre><code>/* \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapChaining {\n#size: number; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\n#capacity: number; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\n#loadThres: number; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\n#extendRatio: number; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\n#buckets: Pair[][]; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor() {\nthis.#size = 0;\nthis.#capacity = 4;\nthis.#loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;\nthis.#extendRatio = 2;\nthis.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null).map((x) =&gt; []);\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\n#hashFunc(key: number): number {\nreturn key % this.#capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\n#loadFactor(): number {\nreturn this.#size / this.#capacity;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nget(key: number): string | null {\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\nconst bucket = this.#buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nfor (const pair of bucket) {\nif (pair.key === key) {\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nput(key: number, val: string): void {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (this.#loadFactor() &gt; this.#loadThres) {\nthis.#extend();\n}\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\nconst bucket = this.#buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nfor (const pair of bucket) {\nif (pair.key === key) {\npair.val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\nconst pair = new Pair(key, val);\nbucket.push(pair);\nthis.#size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nremove(key: number): void {\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\nlet bucket = this.#buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; bucket.length; i++) {\nif (bucket[i].key === key) {\nbucket.splice(i, 1);\nthis.#size--;\nbreak;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n#extend(): void {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nconst bucketsTmp = this.#buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nthis.#capacity *= this.#extendRatio;\nthis.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null).map((x) =&gt; []);\nthis.#size = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (const bucket of bucketsTmp) {\nfor (const pair of bucket) {\nthis.put(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nprint(): void {\nfor (const bucket of this.#buckets) {\nlet res = [];\nfor (const pair of bucket) {\nres.push(pair.key + ' -&gt; ' + pair.val);\n}\nconsole.log(res);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.dart<pre><code>/* \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapChaining {\nlate int size; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nlate int capacity; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nlate double loadThres; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nlate int extendRatio; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nlate List&lt;List&lt;Pair&gt;&gt; buckets; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nHashMapChaining() {\nsize = 0;\ncapacity = 4;\nloadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;\nextendRatio = 2;\nbuckets = List.generate(capacity, (_) =&gt; []);\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nint hashFunc(int key) {\nreturn key % capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\ndouble loadFactor() {\nreturn size / capacity;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nString? get(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nList&lt;Pair&gt; bucket = buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nfor (Pair pair in bucket) {\nif (pair.key == key) {\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid put(int key, String val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (loadFactor() &gt; loadThres) {\nextend();\n}\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nList&lt;Pair&gt; bucket = buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nfor (Pair pair in bucket) {\nif (pair.key == key) {\npair.val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\nPair pair = Pair(key, val);\nbucket.add(pair);\nsize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid remove(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nList&lt;Pair&gt; bucket = buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nfor (Pair pair in bucket) {\nif (pair.key == key) {\nbucket.remove(pair);\nsize--;\nbreak;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nList&lt;List&lt;Pair&gt;&gt; bucketsTmp = buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ncapacity *= extendRatio;\nbuckets = List.generate(capacity, (_) =&gt; []);\nsize = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (List&lt;Pair&gt; bucket in bucketsTmp) {\nfor (Pair pair in bucket) {\nput(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid printHashMap() {\nfor (List&lt;Pair&gt; bucket in buckets) {\nList&lt;String&gt; res = [];\nfor (Pair pair in bucket) {\nres.add(\"${pair.key} -&gt; ${pair.val}\");\n}\nprint(res);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.rs<pre><code>/* \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nstruct HashMapChaining {\nsize: i32,\ncapacity: i32,\nload_thres: f32,\nextend_ratio: i32,\nbuckets: Vec&lt;Vec&lt;Pair&gt;&gt;,\n}\nimpl HashMapChaining {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfn new() -&gt; Self {\nSelf {\nsize: 0,\ncapacity: 4,\nload_thres: 2.0 / 3.0,\nextend_ratio: 2,\nbuckets: vec![vec![]; 4],\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nfn hash_func(&amp;self, key: i32) -&gt; usize {\nkey as usize % self.capacity as usize\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\nfn load_factor(&amp;self) -&gt; f32 {\nself.size as f32 / self.capacity as f32\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfn remove(&amp;mut self, key: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;String&gt; {\nlet index = self.hash_func(key);\nlet bucket = &amp;mut self.buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nfor i in 0..bucket.len() {\nif bucket[i].key == key {\nlet pair = bucket.remove(i);\nself.size -= 1;\nreturn Some(pair.val);\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de None\nNone\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfn extend(&amp;mut self) {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nlet buckets_tmp = std::mem::replace(&amp;mut self.buckets, vec![]);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nself.capacity *= self.extend_ratio;\nself.buckets = vec![Vec::new(); self.capacity as usize];\nself.size = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor bucket in buckets_tmp {\nfor pair in bucket {\nself.put(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfn print(&amp;self) {\nfor bucket in &amp;self.buckets {\nlet mut res = Vec::new();\nfor pair in bucket {\nres.push(format!(\"{} -&gt; {}\", pair.key, pair.val));\n}\nprintln!(\"{:?}\", res);\n}\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfn put(&amp;mut self, key: i32, val: String) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif self.load_factor() &gt; self.load_thres {\nself.extend();\n}\nlet index = self.hash_func(key);\nlet bucket = &amp;mut self.buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nfor pair in bucket {\nif pair.key == key {\npair.val = val.clone();\nreturn;\n}\n}\nlet bucket = &amp;mut self.buckets[index];\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u8be5 key \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c3e\u90e8\nlet pair = Pair {\nkey,\nval: val.clone(),\n};\nbucket.push(pair);\nself.size += 1;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfn get(&amp;self, key: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;str&gt; {\nlet index = self.hash_func(key);\nlet bucket = &amp;self.buckets[index];\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u82e5\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nfor pair in bucket {\nif pair.key == key {\nreturn Some(&amp;pair.val);\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de None\nNone\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.c<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nstruct hashMapChaining {\nint size;         // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nint capacity;     // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\ndouble loadThres; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nint extendRatio;  // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nPair *buckets;    // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n};\ntypedef struct hashMapChaining hashMapChaining;\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6876\u6570\u7ec4 */\nhashMapChaining *newHashMapChaining() {\n// \u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\nint tableSize = 4;\nhashMapChaining *hashmap = (hashMapChaining *)malloc(sizeof(hashMapChaining));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nhashmap-&gt;buckets = (Pair *)malloc(sizeof(Pair) * tableSize);\nmemset(hashmap-&gt;buckets, 0, sizeof(Pair) * tableSize);\nhashmap-&gt;capacity = tableSize;\nhashmap-&gt;size = 0;\nhashmap-&gt;extendRatio = 2;\nhashmap-&gt;loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;\nreturn hashmap;\n}\n/* \u9500\u6bc1\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid delHashMapChaining(hashMapChaining *hashmap) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; hashmap-&gt;capacity; i++) {\nPair *pair = &amp;hashmap-&gt;buckets[i];\nNode *node = pair-&gt;node;\nwhile (node != NULL) {\nNode *temp = node;\nnode = node-&gt;next;\nfree(temp-&gt;val);\nfree(temp);\n}\n}\nfree(hashmap-&gt;buckets);\nfree(hashmap);\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nint hashFunc(hashMapChaining *hashmap, const int key) {\nreturn key % hashmap-&gt;capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\ndouble loadFactor(hashMapChaining *hashmap) {\nreturn (double)hashmap-&gt;size / (double)hashmap-&gt;capacity;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid put(hashMapChaining *hashmap, const int key, char *val) {\nif (loadFactor(hashmap) &gt; hashmap-&gt;loadThres) {\nextend(hashmap);\n}\nint index = hashFunc(hashmap, key);\n// \u5148\u4e3a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\u518d\u8d4b\u503c\nNode *newNode = (Node *)malloc(sizeof(Node));\nmemset(newNode, 0, sizeof(Node));\nnewNode-&gt;key = key;\nnewNode-&gt;val = (char *)malloc(strlen(val) + 1);\nstrcpy(newNode-&gt;val, val);\nnewNode-&gt;val[strlen(val)] = '\\0';\nPair *pair = &amp;hashmap-&gt;buckets[index];\nNode *node = pair-&gt;node;\nif (node == NULL) {\nhashmap-&gt;buckets[index].node = newNode;\nhashmap-&gt;size++;\nreturn;\n}\nwhile (node != NULL) {\nif (node-&gt;key == key) {\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5148\u524d\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\nfree(node-&gt;val);\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\nnode-&gt;val = (char *)malloc(strlen(val) + 1);\nstrcpy(node-&gt;val, val);\nnode-&gt;val[strlen(val)] = '\\0';\nreturn;\n}\nif (node-&gt;next == NULL) {\nbreak;\n}\nnode = node-&gt;next;\n}\nnode-&gt;next = newNode;\nhashmap-&gt;size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid removeItem(hashMapChaining *hashmap, int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(hashmap, key);\nPair *pair = &amp;hashmap-&gt;buckets[index];\nNode *node = pair-&gt;node;\n// \u4fdd\u5b58\u540e\u7ee7\u7684\u8282\u70b9\nNode *prev = NULL;\nwhile (node != NULL) {\nif (node-&gt;key == key) {\n// \u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u6876\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nif (prev == NULL) {\npair-&gt;node = node-&gt;next;\n} else {\nprev-&gt;next = node-&gt;next;\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nfree(node-&gt;val);\nfree(node);\nhashmap-&gt;size--;\nreturn;\n}\nprev = node;\nnode = node-&gt;next;\n}\nreturn;\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid extend(hashMapChaining *hashmap) {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nPair *oldBuckets = hashmap-&gt;buckets;\nint oldCapacity = hashmap-&gt;capacity;\n// \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u6bb5\u7a7a\u95f4\nhashmap-&gt;capacity *= hashmap-&gt;extendRatio;\nhashmap-&gt;buckets = (Pair *)malloc(sizeof(Pair) * hashmap-&gt;capacity);\nmemset(hashmap-&gt;buckets, 0, sizeof(Pair) * hashmap-&gt;capacity);\nhashmap-&gt;size = 0;\n// \u5c06\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u91cd\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; oldCapacity; i++) {\nNode *node = oldBuckets[i].node;\nwhile (node != NULL) {\nput(hashmap, node-&gt;key, node-&gt;val);\nnode = node-&gt;next;\n}\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5185\u5b58\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; oldCapacity; i++) {\nNode *node = oldBuckets[i].node;\nwhile (node != NULL) {\nNode *temp = node;\nnode = node-&gt;next;\nfree(temp-&gt;val);\nfree(temp);\n}\n}\nfree(oldBuckets);\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid print(hashMapChaining *hashmap) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; hashmap-&gt;capacity; i++) {\nprintf(\"[\");\nPair *pair = &amp;hashmap-&gt;buckets[i];\nNode *node = pair-&gt;node;\nwhile (node != NULL) {\nif (node-&gt;val != NULL) {\nprintf(\"%d-&gt;%s, \", node-&gt;key, node-&gt;val);\n}\nnode = node-&gt;next;\n}\nprintf(\"]\\n\");\n}\nreturn;\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.zig<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u94fe\u8868\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387 \\(O(n)\\) \u5f88\u5dee\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201cAVL \u6811\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u201d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#622","title":"6.2.2 \u00a0 \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740","text":"<p>\u300c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740 open addressing\u300d\u4e0d\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u591a\u6b21\u63a2\u6d4b\u201d\u6765\u5904\u7406\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b","text":"<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u91c7\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u6b65\u957f\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u82e5\u53d1\u73b0\u6876\u5185\u5df2\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u51b2\u7a81\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5411\u540e\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386\uff08\u6b65\u957f\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a \\(1\\) \uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u82e5\u53d1\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u6b65\u957f\u5411\u540e\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de <code>value</code> \u5373\u53ef\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 6-6 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\uff08\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff09\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4f4d\u76f8\u540c\u7684 <code>key</code> \u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6876\u3002\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u4f9d\u6b21\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8be5\u6876\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u6876\u4e2d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-6 \u00a0 \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u548c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b </p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u201c\u805a\u96c6\u73b0\u8c61\u201d\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8d8a\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fde\u7eed\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d1\u751f\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fc3\u4f7f\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u805a\u5806\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u52a3\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6876 \\(\\text{None}\\) \uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u67e5\u8be2\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u8be5\u7a7a\u6876\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8be5\u7a7a\u6876\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u8bef\u5224\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-7 \u00a0 \u5728\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u95ee\u9898 </p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u300c\u61d2\u5220\u9664 lazy deletion\u300d\u673a\u5236\uff1a\u5b83\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6876\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\\(\\text{None}\\) \u548c <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u7f6e\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230 <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4e4b\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u61d2\u5220\u9664\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u901f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u9000\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6b21\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u968f\u7740 <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8df3\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u624d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9996\u4e2a <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u8be5 <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u4ea4\u6362\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u5f53\u6bcf\u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u8ddd\u79bb\u7406\u60f3\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u63a2\u6d4b\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff09\u66f4\u8fd1\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u61d2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\uff08\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff09\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u5145\u5206\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\uff0c\u5f53\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hash_map_open_addressing.py<pre><code>class HashMapOpenAddressing:\n\"\"\"\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.size = 0  # \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nself.capacity = 4  # \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nself.load_thres = 2.0 / 3.0  # \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nself.extend_ratio = 2  # \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nself.buckets: list[Pair | None] = [None] * self.capacity  # \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\nself.TOMBSTONE = Pair(-1, \"-1\")  # \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\ndef hash_func(self, key: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\"\"\"\nreturn key % self.capacity\ndef load_factor(self) -&gt; float:\n\"\"\"\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\"\"\"\nreturn self.size / self.capacity\ndef find_bucket(self, key: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\"\"\"\nindex = self.hash_func(key)\nfirst_tombstone = -1\n# \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile self.buckets[index] is not None:\n# \u82e5\u9047\u5230 key \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nif self.buckets[index].key == key:\n# \u82e5\u4e4b\u524d\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\nif first_tombstone != -1:\nself.buckets[first_tombstone] = self.buckets[index]\nself.buckets[index] = self.TOMBSTONE\nreturn first_tombstone  # \u8fd4\u56de\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn index  # \u8fd4\u56de\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n# \u8bb0\u5f55\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\nif first_tombstone == -1 and self.buckets[index] is self.TOMBSTONE:\nfirst_tombstone = index\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nindex = (index + 1) % self.capacity\n# \u82e5 key \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u6dfb\u52a0\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn index if first_tombstone == -1 else first_tombstone\ndef get(self, key: int) -&gt; str:\n\"\"\"\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\n# \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nindex = self.find_bucket(key)\n# \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif self.buckets[index] not in [None, self.TOMBSTONE]:\nreturn self.buckets[index].val\n# \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de None\nreturn None\ndef put(self, key: int, val: str):\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\n# \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif self.load_factor() &gt; self.load_thres:\nself.extend()\n# \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nindex = self.find_bucket(key)\n# \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8986\u76d6 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif self.buckets[index] not in [None, self.TOMBSTONE]:\nself.buckets[index].val = val\nreturn\n# \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nself.buckets[index] = Pair(key, val)\nself.size += 1\ndef remove(self, key: int):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\n# \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nindex = self.find_bucket(key)\n# \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u8986\u76d6\u5b83\nif self.buckets[index] not in [None, self.TOMBSTONE]:\nself.buckets[index] = self.TOMBSTONE\nself.size -= 1\ndef extend(self):\n\"\"\"\u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\"\"\"\n# \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nbuckets_tmp = self.buckets\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nself.capacity *= self.extend_ratio\nself.buckets = [None] * self.capacity\nself.size = 0\n# \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor pair in buckets_tmp:\nif pair not in [None, self.TOMBSTONE]:\nself.put(pair.key, pair.val)\ndef print(self):\n\"\"\"\u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\"\"\"\nfor pair in self.buckets:\nif pair is None:\nprint(\"None\")\nelif pair is self.TOMBSTONE:\nprint(\"TOMBSTONE\")\nelse:\nprint(pair.key, \"-&gt;\", pair.val)\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapOpenAddressing {\nprivate:\nint size;                             // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nint capacity = 4;                     // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nconst double loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;     // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nconst int extendRatio = 2;            // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nvector&lt;Pair *&gt; buckets;               // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\nPair *TOMBSTONE = new Pair(-1, \"-1\"); // \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\npublic:\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nHashMapOpenAddressing() : size(0), buckets(capacity, nullptr) {\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u65b9\u6cd5 */\n~HashMapOpenAddressing() {\nfor (Pair *pair : buckets) {\nif (pair != nullptr &amp;&amp; pair != TOMBSTONE) {\ndelete pair;\n}\n}\ndelete TOMBSTONE;\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nint hashFunc(int key) {\nreturn key % capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\ndouble loadFactor() {\nreturn (double)size / capacity;\n}\n/* \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint findBucket(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nint firstTombstone = -1;\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (buckets[index] != nullptr) {\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230 key \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nif (buckets[index]-&gt;key == key) {\n// \u82e5\u4e4b\u524d\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\nif (firstTombstone != -1) {\nbuckets[firstTombstone] = buckets[index];\nbuckets[index] = TOMBSTONE;\nreturn firstTombstone; // \u8fd4\u56de\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\nreturn index; // \u8fd4\u56de\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\nif (firstTombstone == -1 &amp;&amp; buckets[index] == TOMBSTONE) {\nfirstTombstone = index;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nindex = (index + 1) % capacity;\n}\n// \u82e5 key \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u6dfb\u52a0\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn firstTombstone == -1 ? index : firstTombstone;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nstring get(int key) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif (buckets[index] != nullptr &amp;&amp; buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {\nreturn buckets[index]-&gt;val;\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\nreturn \"\";\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid put(int key, string val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (loadFactor() &gt; loadThres) {\nextend();\n}\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8986\u76d6 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (buckets[index] != nullptr &amp;&amp; buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {\nbuckets[index]-&gt;val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nbuckets[index] = new Pair(key, val);\nsize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid remove(int key) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u8986\u76d6\u5b83\nif (buckets[index] != nullptr &amp;&amp; buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {\ndelete buckets[index];\nbuckets[index] = TOMBSTONE;\nsize--;\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nvector&lt;Pair *&gt; bucketsTmp = buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ncapacity *= extendRatio;\nbuckets = vector&lt;Pair *&gt;(capacity, nullptr);\nsize = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (Pair *pair : bucketsTmp) {\nif (pair != nullptr &amp;&amp; pair != TOMBSTONE) {\nput(pair-&gt;key, pair-&gt;val);\ndelete pair;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid print() {\nfor (Pair *pair : buckets) {\nif (pair == nullptr) {\ncout &lt;&lt; \"nullptr\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n} else if (pair == TOMBSTONE) {\ncout &lt;&lt; \"TOMBSTONE\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n} else {\ncout &lt;&lt; pair-&gt;key &lt;&lt; \" -&gt; \" &lt;&lt; pair-&gt;val &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n}\n}\n};\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.java<pre><code>/* \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapOpenAddressing {\nprivate int size; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nprivate int capacity = 4; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nprivate final double loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nprivate final int extendRatio = 2; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nprivate Pair[] buckets; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate final Pair TOMBSTONE = new Pair(-1, \"-1\"); // \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic HashMapOpenAddressing() {\nsize = 0;\nbuckets = new Pair[capacity];\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nprivate int hashFunc(int key) {\nreturn key % capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\nprivate double loadFactor() {\nreturn (double) size / capacity;\n}\n/* \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15 */\nprivate int findBucket(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nint firstTombstone = -1;\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (buckets[index] != null) {\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230 key \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nif (buckets[index].key == key) {\n// \u82e5\u4e4b\u524d\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\nif (firstTombstone != -1) {\nbuckets[firstTombstone] = buckets[index];\nbuckets[index] = TOMBSTONE;\nreturn firstTombstone; // \u8fd4\u56de\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\nreturn index; // \u8fd4\u56de\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\nif (firstTombstone == -1 &amp;&amp; buckets[index] == TOMBSTONE) {\nfirstTombstone = index;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nindex = (index + 1) % capacity;\n}\n// \u82e5 key \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u6dfb\u52a0\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn firstTombstone == -1 ? index : firstTombstone;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic String get(int key) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif (buckets[index] != null &amp;&amp; buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {\nreturn buckets[index].val;\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void put(int key, String val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (loadFactor() &gt; loadThres) {\nextend();\n}\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8986\u76d6 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (buckets[index] != null &amp;&amp; buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {\nbuckets[index].val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nbuckets[index] = new Pair(key, val);\nsize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void remove(int key) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u8986\u76d6\u5b83\nif (buckets[index] != null &amp;&amp; buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {\nbuckets[index] = TOMBSTONE;\nsize--;\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nprivate void extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nPair[] bucketsTmp = buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ncapacity *= extendRatio;\nbuckets = new Pair[capacity];\nsize = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (Pair pair : bucketsTmp) {\nif (pair != null &amp;&amp; pair != TOMBSTONE) {\nput(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\npublic void print() {\nfor (Pair pair : buckets) {\nif (pair == null) {\nSystem.out.println(\"null\");\n} else if (pair == TOMBSTONE) {\nSystem.out.println(\"TOMBSTONE\");\n} else {\nSystem.out.println(pair.key + \" -&gt; \" + pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.cs<pre><code>/* \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapOpenAddressing {\nprivate int size; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nprivate int capacity = 4; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nprivate double loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nprivate int extendRatio = 2; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nprivate Pair[] buckets; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate Pair TOMBSTONE = new Pair(-1, \"-1\"); // \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic HashMapOpenAddressing() {\nsize = 0;\nbuckets = new Pair[capacity];\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nprivate int hashFunc(int key) {\nreturn key % capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\nprivate double loadFactor() {\nreturn (double)size / capacity;\n}\n/* \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15 */\nprivate int findBucket(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nint firstTombstone = -1;\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (buckets[index] != null) {\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230 key \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nif (buckets[index].key == key) {\n// \u82e5\u4e4b\u524d\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\nif (firstTombstone != -1) {\nbuckets[firstTombstone] = buckets[index];\nbuckets[index] = TOMBSTONE;\nreturn firstTombstone; // \u8fd4\u56de\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\nreturn index; // \u8fd4\u56de\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\nif (firstTombstone == -1 &amp;&amp; buckets[index] == TOMBSTONE) {\nfirstTombstone = index;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nindex = (index + 1) % capacity;\n}\n// \u82e5 key \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u6dfb\u52a0\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn firstTombstone == -1 ? index : firstTombstone;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic string? get(int key) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif (buckets[index] != null &amp;&amp; buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {\nreturn buckets[index].val;\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void put(int key, string val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (loadFactor() &gt; loadThres) {\nextend();\n}\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8986\u76d6 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (buckets[index] != null &amp;&amp; buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {\nbuckets[index].val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nbuckets[index] = new Pair(key, val);\nsize++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void remove(int key) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u8986\u76d6\u5b83\nif (buckets[index] != null &amp;&amp; buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {\nbuckets[index] = TOMBSTONE;\nsize--;\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nprivate void extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nPair[] bucketsTmp = buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ncapacity *= extendRatio;\nbuckets = new Pair[capacity];\nsize = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nforeach (Pair pair in bucketsTmp) {\nif (pair != null &amp;&amp; pair != TOMBSTONE) {\nput(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\npublic void print() {\nforeach (Pair pair in buckets) {\nif (pair == null) {\nConsole.WriteLine(\"null\");\n} else if (pair == TOMBSTONE) {\nConsole.WriteLine(\"TOMBSTONE\");\n} else {\nConsole.WriteLine(pair.key + \" -&gt; \" + pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.go<pre><code>/* \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\ntype hashMapOpenAddressing struct {\nsize        int     // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\ncapacity    int     // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nloadThres   float64 // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nextendRatio int     // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nbuckets     []pair  // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\nremoved     pair    // \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfunc newHashMapOpenAddressing() *hashMapOpenAddressing {\nbuckets := make([]pair, 4)\nreturn &amp;hashMapOpenAddressing{\nsize:        0,\ncapacity:    4,\nloadThres:   2.0 / 3.0,\nextendRatio: 2,\nbuckets:     buckets,\nremoved: pair{\nkey: -1,\nval: \"-1\",\n},\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) hashFunc(key int) int {\nreturn key % m.capacity\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\nfunc (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) loadFactor() float64 {\nreturn float64(m.size) / float64(m.capacity)\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) get(key int) string {\nidx := m.hashFunc(key)\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece index \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\nfor i := 0; i &lt; m.capacity; i++ {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nj := (idx + 1) % m.capacity\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u65e0\u6b64 key \uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nif m.buckets[j] == (pair{}) {\nreturn \"\"\n}\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif m.buckets[j].key == key &amp;&amp; m.buckets[j] != m.removed {\nreturn m.buckets[j].val\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u672a\u627e\u5230 key \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\nreturn \"\"\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) put(key int, val string) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif m.loadFactor() &gt; m.loadThres {\nm.extend()\n}\nidx := m.hashFunc(key)\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece index \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\nfor i := 0; i &lt; m.capacity; i++ {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nj := (idx + i) % m.capacity\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u3001\u6216\u5e26\u6709\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u653e\u5165\u8be5\u6876\nif m.buckets[j] == (pair{}) || m.buckets[j] == m.removed {\nm.buckets[j] = pair{\nkey: key,\nval: val,\n}\nm.size += 1\nreturn\n}\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif m.buckets[j].key == key {\nm.buckets[j].val = val\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) remove(key int) {\nidx := m.hashFunc(key)\n// \u904d\u5386\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece index \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\nfor i := 0; i &lt; m.capacity; i++ {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nj := (idx + 1) % m.capacity\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u65e0\u6b64 key \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif m.buckets[j] == (pair{}) {\nreturn\n}\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u6807\u8bb0\u5220\u9664\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif m.buckets[j].key == key {\nm.buckets[j] = m.removed\nm.size -= 1\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ntmpBuckets := make([]pair, len(m.buckets))\ncopy(tmpBuckets, m.buckets)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nm.capacity *= m.extendRatio\nm.buckets = make([]pair, m.capacity)\nm.size = 0\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor _, p := range tmpBuckets {\nif p != (pair{}) &amp;&amp; p != m.removed {\nm.put(p.key, p.val)\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) print() {\nfor _, p := range m.buckets {\nif p != (pair{}) {\nfmt.Println(strconv.Itoa(p.key) + \" -&gt; \" + p.val)\n} else {\nfmt.Println(\"nil\")\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.swift<pre><code>/* \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapOpenAddressing {\nvar size: Int // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nvar capacity: Int // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nvar loadThres: Double // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nvar extendRatio: Int // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nvar buckets: [Pair?] // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\nvar TOMBSTONE: Pair // \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\ninit() {\nsize = 0\ncapacity = 4\nloadThres = 2.0 / 3.0\nextendRatio = 2\nbuckets = Array(repeating: nil, count: capacity)\nTOMBSTONE = Pair(key: -1, val: \"-1\")\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc hashFunc(key: Int) -&gt; Int {\nkey % capacity\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\nfunc loadFactor() -&gt; Double {\nDouble(size / capacity)\n}\n/* \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc findBucket(key: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar index = hashFunc(key: key)\nvar firstTombstone = -1\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile buckets[index] != nil {\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230 key \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nif buckets[index]!.key == key {\n// \u82e5\u4e4b\u524d\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\nif firstTombstone != -1 {\nbuckets[firstTombstone] = buckets[index]\nbuckets[index] = TOMBSTONE\nreturn firstTombstone // \u8fd4\u56de\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\nreturn index // \u8fd4\u56de\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\nif firstTombstone == -1 &amp;&amp; buckets[index] == TOMBSTONE {\nfirstTombstone = index\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nindex = (index + 1) % capacity\n}\n// \u82e5 key \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u6dfb\u52a0\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn firstTombstone == -1 ? index : firstTombstone\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc get(key: Int) -&gt; String? {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nlet index = findBucket(key: key)\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif buckets[index] != nil, buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE {\nreturn buckets[index]!.val\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nreturn nil\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc put(key: Int, val: String) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif loadFactor() &gt; loadThres {\nextend()\n}\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nlet index = findBucket(key: key)\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8986\u76d6 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif buckets[index] != nil, buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE {\nbuckets[index]!.val = val\nreturn\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nbuckets[index] = Pair(key: key, val: val)\nsize += 1\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc remove(key: Int) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nlet index = findBucket(key: key)\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u8986\u76d6\u5b83\nif buckets[index] != nil, buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE {\nbuckets[index] = TOMBSTONE\nsize -= 1\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nlet bucketsTmp = buckets\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\ncapacity *= extendRatio\nbuckets = Array(repeating: nil, count: capacity)\nsize = 0\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor pair in bucketsTmp {\nif let pair, pair != TOMBSTONE {\nput(key: pair.key, val: pair.val)\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc print() {\nfor pair in buckets {\nif pair == nil {\nSwift.print(\"null\")\n} else if pair == TOMBSTONE {\nSwift.print(\"TOMBSTONE\")\n} else {\nSwift.print(\"\\(pair!.key) -&gt; \\(pair!.val)\")\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.js<pre><code>/* \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapOpenAddressing {\n#size; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\n#capacity; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\n#loadThres; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\n#extendRatio; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\n#buckets; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n#removed; // \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor() {\nthis.#size = 0;\nthis.#capacity = 4;\nthis.#loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;\nthis.#extendRatio = 2;\nthis.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null);\nthis.#removed = new Pair(-1, '-1');\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\n#hashFunc(key) {\nreturn key % this.#capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\n#loadFactor() {\nreturn this.#size / this.#capacity;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nget(key) {\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece index \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.#capacity; i++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nconst j = (index + i) % this.#capacity;\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u65e0\u6b64 key \uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nif (this.#buckets[j] === null) return null;\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif (\nthis.#buckets[j].key === key &amp;&amp;\nthis.#buckets[j][key] !== this.#removed.key\n)\nreturn this.#buckets[j].val;\n}\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nput(key, val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (this.#loadFactor() &gt; this.#loadThres) {\nthis.#extend();\n}\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece index \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.#capacity; i++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nlet j = (index + i) % this.#capacity;\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u3001\u6216\u5e26\u6709\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u653e\u5165\u8be5\u6876\nif (\nthis.#buckets[j] === null ||\nthis.#buckets[j][key] === this.#removed.key\n) {\nthis.#buckets[j] = new Pair(key, val);\nthis.#size += 1;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif (this.#buckets[j].key === key) {\nthis.#buckets[j].val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nremove(key) {\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece index \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.#capacity; i++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nconst j = (index + i) % this.#capacity;\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u65e0\u6b64 key \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (this.#buckets[j] === null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u6807\u8bb0\u5220\u9664\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (this.#buckets[j].key === key) {\nthis.#buckets[j] = this.#removed;\nthis.#size -= 1;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n#extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nconst bucketsTmp = this.#buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nthis.#capacity *= this.#extendRatio;\nthis.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null);\nthis.#size = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (const pair of bucketsTmp) {\nif (pair !== null &amp;&amp; pair.key !== this.#removed.key) {\nthis.put(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nprint() {\nfor (const pair of this.#buckets) {\nif (pair !== null) {\nconsole.log(pair.key + ' -&gt; ' + pair.val);\n} else {\nconsole.log('null');\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.ts<pre><code>/* \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapOpenAddressing {\n#size: number; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\n#capacity: number; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\n#loadThres: number; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\n#extendRatio: number; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\n#buckets: Pair[]; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\n#removed: Pair; // \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor() {\nthis.#size = 0;\nthis.#capacity = 4;\nthis.#loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;\nthis.#extendRatio = 2;\nthis.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null);\nthis.#removed = new Pair(-1, '-1');\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\n#hashFunc(key: number): number {\nreturn key % this.#capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\n#loadFactor(): number {\nreturn this.#size / this.#capacity;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nget(key: number): string | null {\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece index \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.#capacity; i++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nconst j = (index + i) % this.#capacity;\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u65e0\u6b64 key \uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nif (this.#buckets[j] === null) return null;\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif (\nthis.#buckets[j].key === key &amp;&amp;\nthis.#buckets[j][key] !== this.#removed.key\n)\nreturn this.#buckets[j].val;\n}\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nput(key: number, val: string): void {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (this.#loadFactor() &gt; this.#loadThres) {\nthis.#extend();\n}\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece index \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.#capacity; i++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nlet j = (index + i) % this.#capacity;\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u3001\u6216\u5e26\u6709\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u653e\u5165\u8be5\u6876\nif (\nthis.#buckets[j] === null ||\nthis.#buckets[j][key] === this.#removed.key\n) {\nthis.#buckets[j] = new Pair(key, val);\nthis.#size += 1;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif (this.#buckets[j].key === key) {\nthis.#buckets[j].val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nremove(key: number): void {\nconst index = this.#hashFunc(key);\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece index \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.#capacity; i++) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nconst j = (index + i) % this.#capacity;\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u65e0\u6b64 key \uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (this.#buckets[j] === null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230\u6307\u5b9a key \uff0c\u5219\u6807\u8bb0\u5220\u9664\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (this.#buckets[j].key === key) {\nthis.#buckets[j] = this.#removed;\nthis.#size -= 1;\nreturn;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n#extend(): void {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nconst bucketsTmp = this.#buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nthis.#capacity *= this.#extendRatio;\nthis.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null);\nthis.#size = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (const pair of bucketsTmp) {\nif (pair !== null &amp;&amp; pair.key !== this.#removed.key) {\nthis.put(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nprint(): void {\nfor (const pair of this.#buckets) {\nif (pair !== null) {\nconsole.log(pair.key + ' -&gt; ' + pair.val);\n} else {\nconsole.log('null');\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.dart<pre><code>/* \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass HashMapOpenAddressing {\nlate int _size; // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\nint _capacity = 4; // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\ndouble _loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0; // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nint _extendRatio = 2; // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nlate List&lt;Pair?&gt; _buckets; // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\nPair _TOMBSTONE = Pair(-1, \"-1\"); // \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nHashMapOpenAddressing() {\n_size = 0;\n_buckets = List.generate(_capacity, (index) =&gt; null);\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nint hashFunc(int key) {\nreturn key % _capacity;\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\ndouble loadFactor() {\nreturn _size / _capacity;\n}\n/* \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint findBucket(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nint firstTombstone = -1;\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (_buckets[index] != null) {\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230 key \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nif (_buckets[index]!.key == key) {\n// \u82e5\u4e4b\u524d\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\nif (firstTombstone != -1) {\n_buckets[firstTombstone] = _buckets[index];\n_buckets[index] = _TOMBSTONE;\nreturn firstTombstone; // \u8fd4\u56de\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\nreturn index; // \u8fd4\u56de\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\nif (firstTombstone == -1 &amp;&amp; _buckets[index] == _TOMBSTONE) {\nfirstTombstone = index;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nindex = (index + 1) % _capacity;\n}\n// \u82e5 key \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u6dfb\u52a0\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn firstTombstone == -1 ? index : firstTombstone;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nString? get(int key) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif (_buckets[index] != null &amp;&amp; _buckets[index] != _TOMBSTONE) {\nreturn _buckets[index]!.val;\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nreturn null;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid put(int key, String val) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif (loadFactor() &gt; _loadThres) {\nextend();\n}\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8986\u76d6 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (_buckets[index] != null &amp;&amp; _buckets[index] != _TOMBSTONE) {\n_buckets[index]!.val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\n_buckets[index] = new Pair(key, val);\n_size++;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid remove(int key) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nint index = findBucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u8986\u76d6\u5b83\nif (_buckets[index] != null &amp;&amp; _buckets[index] != _TOMBSTONE) {\n_buckets[index] = _TOMBSTONE;\n_size--;\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid extend() {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nList&lt;Pair?&gt; bucketsTmp = _buckets;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n_capacity *= _extendRatio;\n_buckets = List.generate(_capacity, (index) =&gt; null);\n_size = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor (Pair? pair in bucketsTmp) {\nif (pair != null &amp;&amp; pair != _TOMBSTONE) {\nput(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid printHashMap() {\nfor (Pair? pair in _buckets) {\nif (pair == null) {\nprint(\"null\");\n} else if (pair == _TOMBSTONE) {\nprint(\"TOMBSTONE\");\n} else {\nprint(\"${pair.key} -&gt; ${pair.val}\");\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.rs<pre><code>/* \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nstruct HashMapOpenAddressing {\nsize: usize,                    // \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\ncapacity: usize,                // \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\nload_thres: f64,                // \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u9608\u503c\nextend_ratio: usize,            // \u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\nbuckets: Vec&lt;Option&lt;Pair&gt;&gt;,     // \u6876\u6570\u7ec4\nTOMBSTONE: Option&lt;Pair&gt;,        // \u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\n}\nimpl HashMapOpenAddressing {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfn new() -&gt; Self {\nSelf {\nsize: 0,\ncapacity: 4,\nload_thres: 2.0 / 3.0,\nextend_ratio: 2,\nbuckets: vec![None; 4],\nTOMBSTONE: Some(Pair {key: -1, val: \"-1\".to_string()}),\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nfn hash_func(&amp;self, key: i32) -&gt; usize {\n(key % self.capacity as i32) as usize\n}\n/* \u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 */\nfn load_factor(&amp;self) -&gt; f64 {\nself.size as f64 / self.capacity as f64\n}\n/* \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfn find_bucket(&amp;mut self, key: i32) -&gt; usize {\nlet mut index = self.hash_func(key);\nlet mut first_tombstone = -1;\n// \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile self.buckets[index].is_some() {\n// \u82e5\u9047\u5230 key\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nif self.buckets[index].as_ref().unwrap().key == key {\n// \u82e5\u4e4b\u524d\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5efa\u503c\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\nif first_tombstone != -1 {\nself.buckets[first_tombstone as usize] = self.buckets[index].take();\nself.buckets[index] = self.TOMBSTONE.clone();\nreturn first_tombstone as usize;    // \u8fd4\u56de\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\nreturn index;   // \u8fd4\u56de\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\nif first_tombstone == -1 &amp;&amp; self.buckets[index] == self.TOMBSTONE {\nfirst_tombstone = index as i32;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fd4\u56de\u5934\u90e8\nindex = (index + 1) % self.capacity;\n}\n// \u82e5 key \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u6dfb\u52a0\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nif first_tombstone == -1 { index } else { first_tombstone as usize }\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfn get(&amp;mut self, key: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;str&gt; {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nlet index = self.find_bucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94 val\nif self.buckets[index].is_some() &amp;&amp; self.buckets[index] != self.TOMBSTONE {\nreturn self.buckets[index].as_ref().map(|pair| &amp;pair.val as &amp;str);\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null\nNone\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfn put(&amp;mut self, key: i32, val: String) {\n// \u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\nif self.load_factor() &gt; self.load_thres {\nself.extend();\n}\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nlet index = self.find_bucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u8986\u76d6 val \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif self.buckets[index].is_some() &amp;&amp; self.buckets[index] != self.TOMBSTONE {\nself.buckets[index].as_mut().unwrap().val = val;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u82e5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nself.buckets[index] = Some(Pair { key, val });\nself.size += 1;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfn remove(&amp;mut self, key: i32) {\n// \u641c\u7d22 key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\nlet index = self.find_bucket(key);\n// \u82e5\u627e\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\u8986\u76d6\u5b83\nif self.buckets[index].is_some() &amp;&amp; self.buckets[index] != self.TOMBSTONE {\nself.buckets[index] = self.TOMBSTONE.clone();\nself.size -= 1;\n}\n}\n/* \u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfn extend(&amp;mut self) {\n// \u6682\u5b58\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nlet buckets_tmp = self.buckets.clone();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nself.capacity *= self.extend_ratio;\nself.buckets = vec![None; self.capacity];\nself.size = 0;\n// \u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u642c\u8fd0\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfor pair in buckets_tmp {\nif pair.is_none() || pair == self.TOMBSTONE {\ncontinue;\n}\nlet pair = pair.unwrap();\nself.put(pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfn print(&amp;self) {\nfor pair in &amp;self.buckets {\nif pair.is_none() {\nprintln!(\"null\");\n} else if pair == &amp;self.TOMBSTONE {\nprintln!(\"TOMBSTONE\");\n} else {\nlet pair = pair.as_ref().unwrap();\nprintln!(\"{} -&gt; {}\", pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.c<pre><code>[class]{hashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.zig<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b","text":"<p>\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u7b56\u7565\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f53\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8df3\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6b65\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8df3\u8fc7\u201c\u63a2\u6d4b\u6b21\u6570\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u201d\u7684\u6b65\u6570\uff0c\u5373 \\(1, 4, 9, \\dots\\) \u6b65\u3002</p> <p>\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u901a\u4e3b\u8981\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u52bf\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u901a\u8fc7\u8df3\u8fc7\u5e73\u65b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u7f13\u89e3\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u7684\u805a\u96c6\u6548\u5e94\u3002</li> <li>\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4f1a\u8df3\u8fc7\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u6765\u5bfb\u627e\u7a7a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5747\u5300\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u805a\u96c6\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5e73\u65b9\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63a2\u6d4b\u6574\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5373\u4f7f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6709\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u5b83\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c","text":"<p>\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 \\(f_1(x)\\)\u3001\\(f_2(x)\\)\u3001\\(f_3(x)\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\) \u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u6d4b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u82e5\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 \\(f_1(x)\\) \u51fa\u73b0\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5219\u5c1d\u8bd5 \\(f_2(x)\\) \uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\uff1b\u6216\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u6216\u5df2\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6240\u6709\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e0e\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\uff08\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u548c\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\uff09\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#623","title":"6.2.3 \u00a0 \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9009\u62e9","text":"<p>\u5404\u4e2a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3e\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Java \u91c7\u7528\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u3002\u81ea JDK 1.8 \u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5f53 HashMap \u5185\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u8fbe\u5230 64 \u4e14\u94fe\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u8fbe\u5230 8 \u65f6\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u627e\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> <li>Python \u91c7\u7528\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u3002\u5b57\u5178 dict \u4f7f\u7528\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u6d4b\u3002</li> <li>Golang \u91c7\u7528\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u3002Go \u89c4\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u6700\u591a\u5b58\u50a8 8 \u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u5219\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ea2\u51fa\u6876\u3002\u5f53\u6ea2\u51fa\u6876\u8fc7\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7b49\u91cf\u6269\u5bb9\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_map/","title":"6.1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868","text":"<p>\u300c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 hash table\u300d\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u300c\u6563\u5217\u8868\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u7acb\u952e <code>key</code> \u4e0e\u503c <code>value</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e <code>key</code> \uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c <code>value</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 6-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u6709\u201c\u59d3\u540d\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5b66\u53f7\u201d\u4e24\u9879\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u201d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u56fe 6-1 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u9664\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5916\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u67e5\u8be2\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5982\u8868 6-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u4ec5\u9700\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u8be2\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u662f\u4e71\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u5148\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u518d\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> <p> \u8868 6-1 \u00a0 \u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u6570\u7ec4 \u94fe\u8868 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_map/#611","title":"6.1.1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u548c\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7b49\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hash_map.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nhmap: dict = {}\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\n# \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nhmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\"\nhmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\"\nhmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\"\nhmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\"\nhmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\"\n# \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\n# \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nname: str = hmap[15937]\n# \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\n# \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nhmap.pop(10583)\n</code></pre> hash_map.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nunordered_map&lt;int, string&gt; map;\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\";\nmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\";\nmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\";\nmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\";\nmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\";\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nstring name = map[15937];\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.erase(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nMap&lt;Integer, String&gt; map = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.put(12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\");   map.put(15937, \"\u5c0f\u5570\");   map.put(16750, \"\u5c0f\u7b97\");   map.put(13276, \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\");\nmap.put(10583, \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\");\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nString name = map.get(15937);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.remove(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nDictionary&lt;int, String&gt; map = new ();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.Add(12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\");\nmap.Add(15937, \"\u5c0f\u5570\");\nmap.Add(16750, \"\u5c0f\u7b97\");\nmap.Add(13276, \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\");\nmap.Add(10583, \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\");\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nString name = map[15937];\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.Remove(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nhmap := make(map[int]string)\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nhmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\"\nhmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\"\nhmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\"\nhmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\"\nhmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\"\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nname := hmap[15937]\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\ndelete(hmap, 10583)\n</code></pre> hash_map.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvar map: [Int: String] = [:]\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\"\nmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\"\nmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\"\nmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\"\nmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\"\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nlet name = map[15937]!\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.removeValue(forKey: 10583)\n</code></pre> hash_map.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconst map = new ArrayHashMap();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.set(12836, '\u5c0f\u54c8');\nmap.set(15937, '\u5c0f\u5570');\nmap.set(16750, '\u5c0f\u7b97');\nmap.set(13276, '\u5c0f\u6cd5');\nmap.set(10583, '\u5c0f\u9e2d');\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nlet name = map.get(15937);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.delete(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconst map = new Map&lt;number, string&gt;();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.set(12836, '\u5c0f\u54c8');\nmap.set(15937, '\u5c0f\u5570');\nmap.set(16750, '\u5c0f\u7b97');\nmap.set(13276, '\u5c0f\u6cd5');\nmap.set(10583, '\u5c0f\u9e2d');\nconsole.info('\\n\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e3a\\nKey -&gt; Value');\nconsole.info(map);\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nlet name = map.get(15937);\nconsole.info('\\n\u8f93\u5165\u5b66\u53f7 15937 \uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u59d3\u540d ' + name);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.delete(10583);\nconsole.info('\\n\u5220\u9664 10583 \u540e\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e3a\\nKey -&gt; Value');\nconsole.info(map);\n</code></pre> hash_map.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nMap&lt;int, String&gt; map = {};\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\";\nmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\";\nmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\";\nmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\";\nmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\";\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nString name = map[15937];\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.remove(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.rs<pre><code>use std::collections::HashMap;\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nlet mut map: HashMap&lt;i32, String&gt; = HashMap::new();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.insert(12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\".to_string());\nmap.insert(15937, \"\u5c0f\u5570\".to_string());\nmap.insert(16750, \"\u5c0f\u7b97\".to_string());\nmap.insert(13279, \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\".to_string());\nmap.insert(10583, \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\".to_string());\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nlet _name: Option&lt;&amp;String&gt; = map.get(&amp;15937);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nlet _removed_value: Option&lt;String&gt; = map.remove(&amp;10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n</code></pre> hash_map.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3001\u904d\u5386\u952e\u548c\u904d\u5386\u503c\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hash_map.py<pre><code># \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n# \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key-&gt;value\nfor key, value in hmap.items():\nprint(key, \"-&gt;\", value)\n# \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor key in hmap.keys():\nprint(key)\n# \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor value in hmap.values():\nprint(value)\n</code></pre> hash_map.cpp<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key-&gt;value\nfor (auto kv: map) {\ncout &lt;&lt; kv.first &lt;&lt; \" -&gt; \" &lt;&lt; kv.second &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor (auto kv: map) {\ncout &lt;&lt; kv.first &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor (auto kv: map) {\ncout &lt;&lt; kv.second &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.java<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key-&gt;value\nfor (Map.Entry &lt;Integer, String&gt; kv: map.entrySet()) {\nSystem.out.println(kv.getKey() + \" -&gt; \" + kv.getValue());\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor (int key: map.keySet()) {\nSystem.out.println(key);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor (String val: map.values()) {\nSystem.out.println(val);\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.cs<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value\nforeach (var kv in map) {\nConsole.WriteLine(kv.Key + \" -&gt; \" + kv.Value);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nforeach (int key in map.Keys) {\nConsole.WriteLine(key);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nforeach (String val in map.Values) {\nConsole.WriteLine(val);\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_test.go<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key-&gt;value\nfor key, value := range hmap {\nfmt.Println(key, \"-&gt;\", value)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor key := range hmap {\nfmt.Println(key)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor _, value := range hmap {\nfmt.Println(value)\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.swift<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value\nfor (key, value) in map {\nprint(\"\\(key) -&gt; \\(value)\")\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key\nfor key in map.keys {\nprint(key)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value\nfor value in map.values {\nprint(value)\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.js<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconsole.info('\\n\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value');\nfor (const [k, v] of map.entries()) {\nconsole.info(k + ' -&gt; ' + v);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key');\nfor (const k of map.keys()) {\nconsole.info(k);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value');\nfor (const v of map.values()) {\nconsole.info(v);\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.ts<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconsole.info('\\n\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value');\nfor (const [k, v] of map.entries()) {\nconsole.info(k + ' -&gt; ' + v);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key');\nfor (const k of map.keys()) {\nconsole.info(k);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value');\nfor (const v of map.values()) {\nconsole.info(v);\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.dart<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value\nmap.forEach((key, value) {\nprint('$key -&gt; $value');\n});\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key\nmap.keys.forEach((key) {\nprint(key);\n});\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value\nmap.values.forEach((value) {\nprint(value);\n});\n</code></pre> hash_map.rs<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value\nfor (key, value) in &amp;map {\nprintln!(\"{key} -&gt; {value}\");\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key\nfor key in map.keys() {\nprintln!(\"{key}\"); }\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value\nfor value in map.values() {\nprintln!(\"{value}\");\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n</code></pre> hash_map.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_map/#612","title":"6.1.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8003\u8651\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a7a\u4f4d\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u6876 bucket\u300d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u53ef\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u5230 <code>key</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6876\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6 <code>value</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u57fa\u4e8e <code>key</code> \u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u300c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 hash function\u300d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u6240\u6709 <code>key</code> \uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6876\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\uff09\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a <code>key</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5f97\u5230\u8be5 <code>key</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a <code>key</code> \uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>hash()</code> \u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5bf9\u6876\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\uff09<code>capacity</code> \u53d6\u6a21\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5 <code>key</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 <code>index</code> \u3002</li> </ol> <pre><code>index = hash(key) % capacity\n</code></pre> <p>\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 <code>index</code> \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6 <code>value</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 <code>capacity = 100</code>\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>hash(key) = key</code> \uff0c\u6613\u5f97\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a <code>key % 100</code> \u3002\u56fe 6-2 \u4ee5 <code>key</code> \u5b66\u53f7\u548c <code>value</code> \u59d3\u540d\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406 </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 <code>key</code> \u548c <code>value</code> \u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b <code>Pair</code> \uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_hash_map.py<pre><code>class Pair:\n\"\"\"\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, key: int, val: str):\nself.key = key\nself.val = val\nclass ArrayHashMap:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\nself.buckets: list[Pair | None] = [None] * 100\ndef hash_func(self, key: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\"\"\"\nindex = key % 100\nreturn index\ndef get(self, key: int) -&gt; str:\n\"\"\"\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\nindex: int = self.hash_func(key)\npair: Pair = self.buckets[index]\nif pair is None:\nreturn None\nreturn pair.val\ndef put(self, key: int, val: str):\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\npair = Pair(key, val)\nindex: int = self.hash_func(key)\nself.buckets[index] = pair\ndef remove(self, key: int):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\nindex: int = self.hash_func(key)\n# \u7f6e\u4e3a None \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\nself.buckets[index] = None\ndef entry_set(self) -&gt; list[Pair]:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\"\"\"\nresult: list[Pair] = []\nfor pair in self.buckets:\nif pair is not None:\nresult.append(pair)\nreturn result\ndef key_set(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\"\"\"\nresult = []\nfor pair in self.buckets:\nif pair is not None:\nresult.append(pair.key)\nreturn result\ndef value_set(self) -&gt; list[str]:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c\"\"\"\nresult = []\nfor pair in self.buckets:\nif pair is not None:\nresult.append(pair.val)\nreturn result\ndef print(self):\n\"\"\"\u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\"\"\"\nfor pair in self.buckets:\nif pair is not None:\nprint(pair.key, \"-&gt;\", pair.val)\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.cpp<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nstruct Pair {\npublic:\nint key;\nstring val;\nPair(int key, string val) {\nthis-&gt;key = key;\nthis-&gt;val = val;\n}\n};\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass ArrayHashMap {\nprivate:\nvector&lt;Pair *&gt; buckets;\npublic:\nArrayHashMap() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\nbuckets = vector&lt;Pair *&gt;(100);\n}\n~ArrayHashMap() {\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nfor (const auto &amp;bucket : buckets) {\ndelete bucket;\n}\nbuckets.clear();\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nint hashFunc(int key) {\nint index = key % 100;\nreturn index;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nstring get(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nPair *pair = buckets[index];\nif (pair == nullptr)\nreturn \"\";\nreturn pair-&gt;val;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid put(int key, string val) {\nPair *pair = new Pair(key, val);\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nbuckets[index] = pair;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid remove(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u5e76\u7f6e\u4e3a nullptr\ndelete buckets[index];\nbuckets[index] = nullptr;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nvector&lt;Pair *&gt; pairSet() {\nvector&lt;Pair *&gt; pairSet;\nfor (Pair *pair : buckets) {\nif (pair != nullptr) {\npairSet.push_back(pair);\n}\n}\nreturn pairSet;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\nvector&lt;int&gt; keySet() {\nvector&lt;int&gt; keySet;\nfor (Pair *pair : buckets) {\nif (pair != nullptr) {\nkeySet.push_back(pair-&gt;key);\n}\n}\nreturn keySet;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\nvector&lt;string&gt; valueSet() {\nvector&lt;string&gt; valueSet;\nfor (Pair *pair : buckets) {\nif (pair != nullptr) {\nvalueSet.push_back(pair-&gt;val);\n}\n}\nreturn valueSet;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid print() {\nfor (Pair *kv : pairSet()) {\ncout &lt;&lt; kv-&gt;key &lt;&lt; \" -&gt; \" &lt;&lt; kv-&gt;val &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n}\n};\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.java<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nclass Pair {\npublic int key;\npublic String val;\npublic Pair(int key, String val) {\nthis.key = key;\nthis.val = val;\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass ArrayHashMap {\nprivate List&lt;Pair&gt; buckets;\npublic ArrayHashMap() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\nbuckets = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 100; i++) {\nbuckets.add(null);\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nprivate int hashFunc(int key) {\nint index = key % 100;\nreturn index;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic String get(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nPair pair = buckets.get(index);\nif (pair == null)\nreturn null;\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void put(int key, String val) {\nPair pair = new Pair(key, val);\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nbuckets.set(index, pair);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void remove(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\n// \u7f6e\u4e3a null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\nbuckets.set(index, null);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\npublic List&lt;Pair&gt; pairSet() {\nList&lt;Pair&gt; pairSet = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (Pair pair : buckets) {\nif (pair != null)\npairSet.add(pair);\n}\nreturn pairSet;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\npublic List&lt;Integer&gt; keySet() {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; keySet = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (Pair pair : buckets) {\nif (pair != null)\nkeySet.add(pair.key);\n}\nreturn keySet;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\npublic List&lt;String&gt; valueSet() {\nList&lt;String&gt; valueSet = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (Pair pair : buckets) {\nif (pair != null)\nvalueSet.add(pair.val);\n}\nreturn valueSet;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\npublic void print() {\nfor (Pair kv : pairSet()) {\nSystem.out.println(kv.key + \" -&gt; \" + kv.val);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.cs<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 int-&gt;string */\nclass Pair {\npublic int key;\npublic string val;\npublic Pair(int key, string val) {\nthis.key = key;\nthis.val = val;\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass ArrayHashMap {\nprivate List&lt;Pair?&gt; buckets;\npublic ArrayHashMap() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\nbuckets = new();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 100; i++) {\nbuckets.Add(null);\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nprivate int hashFunc(int key) {\nint index = key % 100;\nreturn index;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic string? get(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nPair? pair = buckets[index];\nif (pair == null) return null;\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void put(int key, string val) {\nPair pair = new Pair(key, val);\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nbuckets[index] = pair;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic void remove(int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\n// \u7f6e\u4e3a null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\nbuckets[index] = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\npublic List&lt;Pair&gt; pairSet() {\nList&lt;Pair&gt; pairSet = new();\nforeach (Pair? pair in buckets) {\nif (pair != null)\npairSet.Add(pair);\n}\nreturn pairSet;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\npublic List&lt;int&gt; keySet() {\nList&lt;int&gt; keySet = new();\nforeach (Pair? pair in buckets) {\nif (pair != null)\nkeySet.Add(pair.key);\n}\nreturn keySet;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\npublic List&lt;string&gt; valueSet() {\nList&lt;string&gt; valueSet = new();\nforeach (Pair? pair in buckets) {\nif (pair != null)\nvalueSet.Add(pair.val);\n}\nreturn valueSet;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\npublic void print() {\nforeach (Pair kv in pairSet()) {\nConsole.WriteLine(kv.key + \" -&gt; \" + kv.val);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.go<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\ntype pair struct {\nkey int\nval string\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\ntype arrayHashMap struct {\nbuckets []*pair\n}\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc newArrayHashMap() *arrayHashMap {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\nbuckets := make([]*pair, 100)\nreturn &amp;arrayHashMap{buckets: buckets}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc (a *arrayHashMap) hashFunc(key int) int {\nindex := key % 100\nreturn index\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (a *arrayHashMap) get(key int) string {\nindex := a.hashFunc(key)\npair := a.buckets[index]\nif pair == nil {\nreturn \"Not Found\"\n}\nreturn pair.val\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (a *arrayHashMap) put(key int, val string) {\npair := &amp;pair{key: key, val: val}\nindex := a.hashFunc(key)\na.buckets[index] = pair\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (a *arrayHashMap) remove(key int) {\nindex := a.hashFunc(key)\n// \u7f6e\u4e3a nil \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\na.buckets[index] = nil\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u5bf9 */\nfunc (a *arrayHashMap) pairSet() []*pair {\nvar pairs []*pair\nfor _, pair := range a.buckets {\nif pair != nil {\npairs = append(pairs, pair)\n}\n}\nreturn pairs\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\nfunc (a *arrayHashMap) keySet() []int {\nvar keys []int\nfor _, pair := range a.buckets {\nif pair != nil {\nkeys = append(keys, pair.key)\n}\n}\nreturn keys\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\nfunc (a *arrayHashMap) valueSet() []string {\nvar values []string\nfor _, pair := range a.buckets {\nif pair != nil {\nvalues = append(values, pair.val)\n}\n}\nreturn values\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc (a *arrayHashMap) print() {\nfor _, pair := range a.buckets {\nif pair != nil {\nfmt.Println(pair.key, \"-&gt;\", pair.val)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.swift<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nclass Pair {\nvar key: Int\nvar val: String\ninit(key: Int, val: String) {\nself.key = key\nself.val = val\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass ArrayHashMap {\nprivate var buckets: [Pair?] = []\ninit() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; 100 {\nbuckets.append(nil)\n}\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nprivate func hashFunc(key: Int) -&gt; Int {\nlet index = key % 100\nreturn index\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc get(key: Int) -&gt; String? {\nlet index = hashFunc(key: key)\nlet pair = buckets[index]\nreturn pair?.val\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc put(key: Int, val: String) {\nlet pair = Pair(key: key, val: val)\nlet index = hashFunc(key: key)\nbuckets[index] = pair\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc remove(key: Int) {\nlet index = hashFunc(key: key)\n// \u7f6e\u4e3a nil \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\nbuckets[index] = nil\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nfunc pairSet() -&gt; [Pair] {\nvar pairSet: [Pair] = []\nfor pair in buckets {\nif let pair = pair {\npairSet.append(pair)\n}\n}\nreturn pairSet\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\nfunc keySet() -&gt; [Int] {\nvar keySet: [Int] = []\nfor pair in buckets {\nif let pair = pair {\nkeySet.append(pair.key)\n}\n}\nreturn keySet\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\nfunc valueSet() -&gt; [String] {\nvar valueSet: [String] = []\nfor pair in buckets {\nif let pair = pair {\nvalueSet.append(pair.val)\n}\n}\nreturn valueSet\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc print() {\nfor pair in pairSet() {\nSwift.print(\"\\(pair.key) -&gt; \\(pair.val)\")\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.js<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Number -&gt; String */\nclass Pair {\nconstructor(key, val) {\nthis.key = key;\nthis.val = val;\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass ArrayHashMap {\n#buckets;\nconstructor() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\nthis.#buckets = new Array(100).fill(null);\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\n#hashFunc(key) {\nreturn key % 100;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nget(key) {\nlet index = this.#hashFunc(key);\nlet pair = this.#buckets[index];\nif (pair === null) return null;\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nset(key, val) {\nlet index = this.#hashFunc(key);\nthis.#buckets[index] = new Pair(key, val);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\ndelete(key) {\nlet index = this.#hashFunc(key);\n// \u7f6e\u4e3a null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\nthis.#buckets[index] = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nentries() {\nlet arr = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.#buckets.length; i++) {\nif (this.#buckets[i]) {\narr.push(this.#buckets[i]);\n}\n}\nreturn arr;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\nkeys() {\nlet arr = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.#buckets.length; i++) {\nif (this.#buckets[i]) {\narr.push(this.#buckets[i].key);\n}\n}\nreturn arr;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\nvalues() {\nlet arr = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.#buckets.length; i++) {\nif (this.#buckets[i]) {\narr.push(this.#buckets[i].val);\n}\n}\nreturn arr;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nprint() {\nlet pairSet = this.entries();\nfor (const pair of pairSet) {\nconsole.info(`${pair.key} -&gt; ${pair.val}`);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.ts<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Number -&gt; String */\nclass Pair {\npublic key: number;\npublic val: string;\nconstructor(key: number, val: string) {\nthis.key = key;\nthis.val = val;\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass ArrayHashMap {\nprivate readonly buckets: (Pair | null)[];\nconstructor() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\nthis.buckets = new Array(100).fill(null);\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nprivate hashFunc(key: number): number {\nreturn key % 100;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic get(key: number): string | null {\nlet index = this.hashFunc(key);\nlet pair = this.buckets[index];\nif (pair === null) return null;\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic set(key: number, val: string) {\nlet index = this.hashFunc(key);\nthis.buckets[index] = new Pair(key, val);\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\npublic delete(key: number) {\nlet index = this.hashFunc(key);\n// \u7f6e\u4e3a null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\nthis.buckets[index] = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\npublic entries(): (Pair | null)[] {\nlet arr: (Pair | null)[] = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.buckets.length; i++) {\nif (this.buckets[i]) {\narr.push(this.buckets[i]);\n}\n}\nreturn arr;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\npublic keys(): (number | undefined)[] {\nlet arr: (number | undefined)[] = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.buckets.length; i++) {\nif (this.buckets[i]) {\narr.push(this.buckets[i].key);\n}\n}\nreturn arr;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\npublic values(): (string | undefined)[] {\nlet arr: (string | undefined)[] = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.buckets.length; i++) {\nif (this.buckets[i]) {\narr.push(this.buckets[i].val);\n}\n}\nreturn arr;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\npublic print() {\nlet pairSet = this.entries();\nfor (const pair of pairSet) {\nconsole.info(`${pair.key} -&gt; ${pair.val}`);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.dart<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nclass Pair {\nint key;\nString val;\nPair(this.key, this.val);\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nclass ArrayHashMap {\nlate List&lt;Pair?&gt; _buckets;\nArrayHashMap() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\n_buckets = List.filled(100, null);\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nint _hashFunc(int key) {\nfinal int index = key % 100;\nreturn index;\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\nString? get(int key) {\nfinal int index = _hashFunc(key);\nfinal Pair? pair = _buckets[index];\nif (pair == null) {\nreturn null;\n}\nreturn pair.val;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid put(int key, String val) {\nfinal Pair pair = Pair(key, val);\nfinal int index = _hashFunc(key);\n_buckets[index] = pair;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid remove(int key) {\nfinal int index = _hashFunc(key);\n_buckets[index] = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nList&lt;Pair&gt; pairSet() {\nList&lt;Pair&gt; pairSet = [];\nfor (final Pair? pair in _buckets) {\nif (pair != null) {\npairSet.add(pair);\n}\n}\nreturn pairSet;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\nList&lt;int&gt; keySet() {\nList&lt;int&gt; keySet = [];\nfor (final Pair? pair in _buckets) {\nif (pair != null) {\nkeySet.add(pair.key);\n}\n}\nreturn keySet;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\nList&lt;String&gt; values() {\nList&lt;String&gt; valueSet = [];\nfor (final Pair? pair in _buckets) {\nif (pair != null) {\nvalueSet.add(pair.val);\n}\n}\nreturn valueSet;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid printHashMap() {\nfor (final Pair kv in pairSet()) {\nprint(\"${kv.key} -&gt; ${kv.val}\");\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.rs<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\n#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]\npub struct Pair {\npub key: i32,\npub val: String,\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\npub struct ArrayHashMap {\nbuckets: Vec&lt;Option&lt;Pair&gt;&gt;\n}\nimpl ArrayHashMap {\npub fn new() -&gt; ArrayHashMap {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e2a\u6876\nSelf { buckets: vec![None; 100] }\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 */\nfn hash_func(&amp;self, key: i32) -&gt; usize {\nkey as usize % 100\n}\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\npub fn get(&amp;self, key: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;String&gt; {\nlet index = self.hash_func(key);\nself.buckets[index].as_ref().map(|pair| &amp;pair.val)\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\npub fn put(&amp;mut self, key: i32, val: &amp;str) {\nlet index = self.hash_func(key);\nself.buckets[index] = Some(Pair {\nkey,\nval: val.to_string(),\n});\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\npub fn remove(&amp;mut self, key: i32) {\nlet index = self.hash_func(key);\n// \u7f6e\u4e3a None \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\nself.buckets[index] = None;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\npub fn entry_set(&amp;self) -&gt; Vec&lt;&amp;Pair&gt; {\nself.buckets.iter().filter_map(|pair| pair.as_ref()).collect()\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\npub fn key_set(&amp;self) -&gt; Vec&lt;&amp;i32&gt; {\nself.buckets.iter().filter_map(|pair| pair.as_ref().map(|pair| &amp;pair.key)).collect()\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\npub fn value_set(&amp;self) -&gt; Vec&lt;&amp;String&gt; {\nself.buckets.iter().filter_map(|pair| pair.as_ref().map(|pair| &amp;pair.val)).collect()\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\npub fn print(&amp;self) {\nfor pair in self.entry_set() {\nprintln!(\"{} -&gt; {}\", pair.key, pair.val);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.c<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 int-&gt;string */\nstruct pair {\nint key;\nchar *val;\n};\ntypedef struct pair pair;\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nstruct arrayHashMap {\npair *buckets[HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE];\n};\ntypedef struct arrayHashMap arrayHashMap;\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u51fd\u6570 */\narrayHashMap *newArrayHashMap() {\narrayHashMap *map = malloc(sizeof(arrayHashMap));\nreturn map;\n}\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid put(arrayHashMap *d, const int key, const char *val) {\npair *pair = malloc(sizeof(pair));\npair-&gt;key = key;\npair-&gt;val = malloc(strlen(val) + 1);\nstrcpy(pair-&gt;val, val);\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nd-&gt;buckets[index] = pair;\n}\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid removeItem(arrayHashMap *d, const int key) {\nint index = hashFunc(key);\nfree(d-&gt;buckets[index]-&gt;val);\nfree(d-&gt;buckets[index]);\nd-&gt;buckets[index] = NULL;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nvoid pairSet(arrayHashMap *d, mapSet *set) {\npair *entries;\nint i = 0, index = 0;\nint total = 0;\n/* \u7edf\u8ba1\u6709\u6548\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf */\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {\nif (d-&gt;buckets[i] != NULL) {\ntotal++;\n}\n}\nentries = malloc(sizeof(pair) * total);\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {\nif (d-&gt;buckets[i] != NULL) {\nentries[index].key = d-&gt;buckets[i]-&gt;key;\nentries[index].val = malloc(strlen(d-&gt;buckets[i]-&gt;val + 1));\nstrcpy(entries[index].val, d-&gt;buckets[i]-&gt;val);\nindex++;\n}\n}\nset-&gt;set = entries;\nset-&gt;len = total;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e */\nvoid keySet(arrayHashMap *d, mapSet *set) {\nint *keys;\nint i = 0, index = 0;\nint total = 0;\n/* \u7edf\u8ba1\u6709\u6548\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf */\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {\nif (d-&gt;buckets[i] != NULL) {\ntotal++;\n}\n}\nkeys = malloc(total * sizeof(int));\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {\nif (d-&gt;buckets[i] != NULL) {\nkeys[index] = d-&gt;buckets[i]-&gt;key;\nindex++;\n}\n}\nset-&gt;set = keys;\nset-&gt;len = total;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c */\nvoid valueSet(arrayHashMap *d, mapSet *set) {\nchar **vals;\nint i = 0, index = 0;\nint total = 0;\n/* \u7edf\u8ba1\u6709\u6548\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf */\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {\nif (d-&gt;buckets[i] != NULL) {\ntotal++;\n}\n}\nvals = malloc(total * sizeof(char *));\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; HASH_MAP_DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {\nif (d-&gt;buckets[i] != NULL) {\nvals[index] = d-&gt;buckets[i]-&gt;val;\nindex++;\n}\n}\nset-&gt;set = vals;\nset-&gt;len = total;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvoid print(arrayHashMap *d) {\nint i;\nmapSet set;\npairSet(d, &amp;set);\npair *entries = (pair *)set.set;\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; set.len; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d -&gt; %s\\n\", entries[i].key, entries[i].val);\n}\nfree(set.set);\n}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.zig<pre><code>// \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nconst Pair = struct {\nkey: usize = undefined,\nval: []const u8 = undefined,\npub fn init(key: usize, val: []const u8) Pair {\nreturn Pair {\n.key = key,\n.val = val,\n};\n}\n};\n// \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b80\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfn ArrayHashMap(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nbucket: ?std.ArrayList(?T) = null,\nmem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator = undefined,\nconst Self = @This();\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\npub fn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !void {\nself.mem_allocator = allocator;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 100 \u7684\u6876\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\nself.bucket = std.ArrayList(?T).init(self.mem_allocator);\nvar i: i32 = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; 100) : (i += 1) {\ntry self.bucket.?.append(null);\n}\n}\n// \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\npub fn deinit(self: *Self) void {\nif (self.bucket != null) self.bucket.?.deinit();\n}\n// \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\nfn hashFunc(key: usize) usize {\nvar index = key % 100;\nreturn index;\n}\n// \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\npub fn get(self: *Self, key: usize) []const u8 {\nvar index = hashFunc(key);\nvar pair = self.bucket.?.items[index];\nreturn pair.?.val;\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\npub fn put(self: *Self, key: usize, val: []const u8) !void {\nvar pair = Pair.init(key, val);\nvar index = hashFunc(key);\nself.bucket.?.items[index] = pair;\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\npub fn remove(self: *Self, key: usize) !void {\nvar index = hashFunc(key);\n// \u7f6e\u4e3a null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\nself.bucket.?.items[index] = null;\n}       // \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\npub fn pairSet(self: *Self) !std.ArrayList(T) {\nvar entry_set = std.ArrayList(T).init(self.mem_allocator);\nfor (self.bucket.?.items) |item| {\nif (item == null) continue;\ntry entry_set.append(item.?);\n}\nreturn entry_set;\n}  // \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\npub fn keySet(self: *Self) !std.ArrayList(usize) {\nvar key_set = std.ArrayList(usize).init(self.mem_allocator);\nfor (self.bucket.?.items) |item| {\nif (item == null) continue;\ntry key_set.append(item.?.key);\n}\nreturn key_set;\n}  // \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c\npub fn valueSet(self: *Self) !std.ArrayList([]const u8) {\nvar value_set = std.ArrayList([]const u8).init(self.mem_allocator);\nfor (self.bucket.?.items) |item| {\nif (item == null) continue;\ntry value_set.append(item.?.val);\n}\nreturn value_set;\n}\n// \u6253\u5370\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\npub fn print(self: *Self) !void {\nvar entry_set = try self.pairSet();\ndefer entry_set.deinit();\nfor (entry_set.items) |item| {\nstd.debug.print(\"{} -&gt; {s}\\n\", .{item.key, item.val});\n}\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_map/#613","title":"6.1.3 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0e\u6269\u5bb9","text":"<p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709 <code>key</code> \u6784\u6210\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u6240\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\u6784\u6210\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f80\u5f80\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u591a\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94\u76f8\u540c\u8f93\u51fa\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u7684 <code>key</code> \u540e\u4e24\u4f4d\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u5b66\u53f7\u4e3a 12836 \u548c 20336 \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> <pre><code>12836 % 100 = 36\n20336 % 100 = 36\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 6-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u53f7\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u59d3\u540d\uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81 hash collision\u300d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-3 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf \\(n\\) \u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a <code>key</code> \u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff0c\u51b2\u7a81\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c11\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 6-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u524d\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 <code>(136, A)</code> \u548c <code>(236, D)</code> \u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u51b2\u7a81\u6d88\u5931\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-4 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 </p> <p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u9700\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf <code>capacity</code> \u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6269\u5bb9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9884\u7559\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u9891\u7e41\u6269\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 load factor\u300d\u662f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u9664\u4ee5\u6876\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(0.75\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a\u539f\u5148\u7684 \\(2\\) \u500d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/summary/","title":"6.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_hashing/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165 <code>key</code> \uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u80fd\u591f\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u67e5\u8be2\u5230 <code>value</code> \uff0c\u6548\u7387\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3001\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u548c\u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5c06 <code>key</code> \u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u6876\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6 <code>value</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 <code>key</code> \u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u7f13\u89e3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u5f88\u5927\u3002</li> <li>\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u9664\u4ee5\u6876\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u89e6\u53d1\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li>\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u8fc7\u957f\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u63a2\u6d4b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u4f7f\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u6b65\u957f\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u805a\u96c6\u3002\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u76f8\u8f83\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u66f4\u4e0d\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cJava \u7684 <code>HashMap</code> \u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c Python \u7684 <code>Dict</code> \u91c7\u7528\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u548c\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u5907\u6297\u78b0\u649e\u6027\u548c\u96ea\u5d29\u6548\u5e94\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u5927\u8d28\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5730\u4fdd\u8bc1\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7684\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec MD5\u3001SHA-1\u3001SHA-2 \u548c SHA3 \u7b49\u3002MD5 \u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6821\u9a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0cSHA-2 \u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u3002</li> <li>\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u53ef\u54c8\u5e0c\u7684\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \uff1f</p> <p>\u5f53\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u91cd\u65f6\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u5f53\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u3001\u5bb9\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u7406\u3001\u51b2\u7a81\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 \\(f(x) = x\\) \u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u4e86</p> <p>\u5728 \\(f(x) = x\\) \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5bf9\u5e94\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u901a\u5e38\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u53d6\u6a21\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b \\(O(1)\\) \u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u9ad8\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u53d8\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u53d8\u4f4e\u4e86\u3002\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff0c</p> <p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u53d8\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u66f4\u5feb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u66f4\u5927\u3002</p> <p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u52a3\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u53d6\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u9000\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002</p> <p>\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u6709\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u5417\uff1f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6807\u8bb0\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fd8\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u8bb0\u5220\u9664\u3002\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u5c06\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u65b0\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u65e2\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u548c\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0 <code>key</code> \u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u6709\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u6cd5\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u6b65\u957f\u4f9d\u6b21\u5411\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u8df3\u51fa\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u80fd\u591f\u7f13\u89e3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff1f</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 \\(n\\) \u53d6\u4f59\uff0c\u8ba9\u8f93\u51fa\u503c\u843d\u5165\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4\uff1b\u5728\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 \\(n\\) \u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u800c <code>key</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u539f\u5148\u843d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u7684\u591a\u4e2a <code>key</code> \uff0c\u5728\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u7f13\u89e3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/","title":"\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u5806","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5806\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u5c71\u5ddd\u7684\u5cf0\u5ce6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c42\u53e0\u8d77\u4f0f\u3001\u5f62\u6001\u5404\u5f02\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u5ea7\u5c71\u5cf0\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9ad8\u4f4e\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5c71\u5cf0\u603b\u662f\u6700\u5148\u6620\u5165\u773c\u5e18\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>8.1 \u00a0 \u5806</li> <li>8.2 \u00a0 \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c</li> <li>8.3 \u00a0 Top-K \u95ee\u9898</li> <li>8.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/build_heap/","title":"8.2 \u00a0 \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5806\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/build_heap/#821","title":"8.2.1 \u00a0 \u501f\u52a9\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5806\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c\u201c\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5148\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5806\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u518d\u5bf9\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c\u201c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u201d\u5806\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5c31\u52a0\u4e00\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u4ece\u9876\u5230\u5e95\u4f9d\u6b21\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5806\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u201d\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log{n})\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u5efa\u5806\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/build_heap/#822","title":"8.2.2 \u00a0 \u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u5806\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5efa\u5806\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5171\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5806\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5806\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5c1a\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002</li> <li>\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5806\uff08\u5373\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5012\u5e8f\uff09\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u975e\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u201c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\u201d\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u6bcf\u5f53\u5806\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u6811\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5b50\u5806\u3002\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5806\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\u5730\u88ab\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u5b50\u6811\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5b50\u5806\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5806\u5316\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u624d\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6ca1\u6709\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5b50\u5806\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u9700\u5806\u5316\u3002\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5b83\u5f00\u59cb\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u5806\u5316\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>def __init__(self, nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806\"\"\"\n# \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\nself.max_heap = nums\n# \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in range(self.parent(self.size() - 1), -1, -1):\nself.sift_down(i)\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806 */\nMaxHeap(vector&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\nmaxHeap = nums;\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = parent(size() - 1); i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(i);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806 */\nMaxHeap(List&lt;Integer&gt; nums) {\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\nmaxHeap = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(nums);\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = parent(size() - 1); i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(i);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806 */\nMaxHeap(IEnumerable&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\nmaxHeap = new List&lt;int&gt;(nums);\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nvar size = parent(this.size() - 1);\nfor (int i = size; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(i);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5207\u7247\u5efa\u5806 */\nfunc newMaxHeap(nums []any) *maxHeap {\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\nh := &amp;maxHeap{data: nums}\nfor i := h.parent(len(h.data) - 1); i &gt;= 0; i-- {\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nh.siftDown(i)\n}\nreturn h\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806 */\ninit(nums: [Int]) {\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\nmaxHeap = nums\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in stride(from: parent(i: size() - 1), through: 0, by: -1) {\nsiftDown(i: i)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u7a7a\u5806\u6216\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806 */\nconstructor(nums) {\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\nthis.#maxHeap = nums === undefined ? [] : [...nums];\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (let i = this.#parent(this.size() - 1); i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nthis.#siftDown(i);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u7a7a\u5806\u6216\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806 */\nconstructor(nums?: number[]) {\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\nthis.maxHeap = nums === undefined ? [] : [...nums];\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (let i = this.parent(this.size() - 1); i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nthis.siftDown(i);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806 */\nMaxHeap(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\n_maxHeap = nums;\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = _parent(size() - 1); i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(i);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806 */\nfn new(nums: Vec&lt;i32&gt;) -&gt; Self {\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\nlet mut heap = MaxHeap { max_heap: nums };\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in (0..=Self::parent(heap.size() - 1)).rev() {\nheap.sift_down(i);\n}\nheap\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5207\u7247\u5efa\u5806 */\nmaxHeap *newMaxHeap(int nums[], int size) {\n// \u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nmaxHeap *h = (maxHeap *)malloc(sizeof(maxHeap));\nh-&gt;size = size;\nmemcpy(h-&gt;data, nums, size * sizeof(int));\nfor (int i = parent(h, size - 1); i &gt;= 0; i--) {\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nsiftDown(h, i);\n}\nreturn h;\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>// \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5efa\u5806\nfn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, nums: []const T) !void {\nif (self.max_heap != null) return;\nself.max_heap = std.ArrayList(T).init(allocator);\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5806\ntry self.max_heap.?.appendSlice(nums);\n// \u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nvar i: usize = parent(self.size() - 1) + 1;\nwhile (i &gt; 0) : (i -= 1) {\ntry self.siftDown(i - 1);\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/build_heap/#823","title":"8.2.3 \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u63a8\u7b97\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5efa\u5806\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5047\u8bbe\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\((n + 1) / 2\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(/\\) \u4e3a\u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5806\u5316\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\((n - 1) / 2\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6700\u591a\u5806\u5316\u5230\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u5927\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b21\u6570\u4e3a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(\\log n\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u8005\u76f8\u4e58\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u5efa\u5806\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f30\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u5e76\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e95\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u8fdc\u591a\u4e8e\u9876\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u4e3a\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u96be\u5ea6\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(h\\) \u7684\u201c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201d\uff0c\u8be5\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-5 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5404\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 8-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u201c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\u201d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b21\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u800c\u8be5\u8ddd\u79bb\u6b63\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5404\u5c42\u7684\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf \\(\\times\\) \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201d\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5806\u5316\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b21\u6570\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002</p> \\[ T(h) = 2^0h + 2^1(h-1) + 2^2(h-2) + \\dots + 2^{(h-1)}\\times1 \\] <p>\u5316\u7b80\u4e0a\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e2d\u5b66\u7684\u6570\u5217\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5148\u5bf9 \\(T(h)\\) \u4e58\u4ee5 \\(2\\) \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} T(h) &amp; = 2^0h + 2^1(h-1) + 2^2(h-2) + \\dots + 2^{h-1}\\times1 \\newline 2 T(h) &amp; = 2^1h + 2^2(h-1) + 2^3(h-2) + \\dots + 2^{h}\\times1 \\newline \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u4f4d\u76f8\u51cf\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e0b\u5f0f \\(2 T(h)\\) \u51cf\u53bb\u4e0a\u5f0f \\(T(h)\\) \uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\uff1a</p> \\[ 2T(h) - T(h) = T(h) = -2^0h + 2^1 + 2^2 + \\dots + 2^{h-1} + 2^h \\] <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0a\u5f0f\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0 \\(T(h)\\) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u6bd4\u6570\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u6c42\u548c\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} T(h) &amp; = 2 \\frac{1 - 2^h}{1 - 2} - h \\newline &amp; = 2^{h+1} - h - 2 \\newline &amp; = O(2^h) \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(h\\) \u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n = 2^{h+1} - 1\\) \uff0c\u6613\u5f97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^h) = O(n)\\) \u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63a8\u7b97\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/","title":"8.1 \u00a0 \u5806","text":"<p>\u300c\u5806 heap\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u56fe 8-1 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u300c\u5927\u9876\u5806 max heap\u300d\uff1a\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c \\(\\geq\\) \u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u5c0f\u9876\u5806 min heap\u300d\uff1a\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c \\(\\leq\\) \u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-1 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u9876\u5806\u4e0e\u5927\u9876\u5806 </p> <p>\u5806\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u9760\u5de6\u586b\u5145\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u586b\u6ee1\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5806\u9876\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u5e95\u5c42\u6700\u9760\u53f3\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5806\u5e95\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u9876\u5806\uff08\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff09\uff0c\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5373\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u7684\u503c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u6700\u5927\uff08\u6700\u5c0f\uff09\u7684\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#811","title":"8.1.1 \u00a0 \u5806\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u300c\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217 priority queue\u300d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u961f\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5806\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5927\u9876\u5806\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u987a\u5e8f\u51fa\u961f\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u3002\u4ece\u4f7f\u7528\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u201c\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5806\u201d\u770b\u4f5c\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5bf9\u4e24\u8005\u4e0d\u505a\u7279\u522b\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5806\u201c\u6765\u547d\u540d\u3002</p> <p>\u5806\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u89c1\u8868 8-1 \uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 8-1 \u00a0 \u5806\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387 </p> \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u63cf\u8ff0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 push() \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 \\(O(\\log n)\\) pop() \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 \\(O(\\log n)\\) peek() \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5927 / \u5c0f\u9876\u5806\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u6700\u5927 / \u5c0f\u503c\uff09 \\(O(1)\\) size() \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf \\(O(1)\\) isEmpty() \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5806\u7c7b\uff08\u6216\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\uff09\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u6392\u5217\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539 Comparator \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5927\u9876\u5806\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig heap.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\nmin_heap, flag = [], 1\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\nmax_heap, flag = [], -1\n# Python \u7684 heapq \u6a21\u5757\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\n# \u8003\u8651\u5c06\u201c\u5143\u7d20\u53d6\u8d1f\u201d\u540e\u518d\u5165\u5806\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u98a0\u5012\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5927\u9876\u5806\n# \u5728\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cflag = 1 \u65f6\u5bf9\u5e94\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0cflag = -1 \u65f6\u5bf9\u5e94\u5927\u9876\u5806\n# \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 1)\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 3)\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 2)\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 5)\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 4)\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\npeek: int = flag * max_heap[0] # 5\n# \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\n# \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 5\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 4\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 3\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 2\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 1\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f\nsize: int = len(max_heap)\n# \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\nis_empty: bool = not max_heap\n# \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806\nmin_heap: list[int] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]\nheapq.heapify(min_heap)\n</code></pre> heap.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\npriority_queue&lt;int, vector&lt;int&gt;, greater&lt;int&gt;&gt; minHeap;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\npriority_queue&lt;int, vector&lt;int&gt;, less&lt;int&gt;&gt; maxHeap;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nmaxHeap.push(1);\nmaxHeap.push(3);\nmaxHeap.push(2);\nmaxHeap.push(5);\nmaxHeap.push(4);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = maxHeap.top(); // 5\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 5\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 4\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 3\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 2\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nint size = maxHeap.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = maxHeap.empty();\n/* \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; input{1, 3, 2, 5, 4};\npriority_queue&lt;int, vector&lt;int&gt;, greater&lt;int&gt;&gt; minHeap(input.begin(), input.end());\n</code></pre> heap.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\nQueue&lt;Integer&gt; minHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;&gt;();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539 Comparator \u5373\u53ef\uff09\nQueue&lt;Integer&gt; maxHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;&gt;((a, b) -&gt; b - a);\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nmaxHeap.offer(1);\nmaxHeap.offer(3);\nmaxHeap.offer(2);\nmaxHeap.offer(5);\nmaxHeap.offer(4);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = maxHeap.peek(); // 5\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 5\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 4\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 3\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 2\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nint size = maxHeap.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nboolean isEmpty = maxHeap.isEmpty();\n/* \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806 */\nminHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(1, 3, 2, 5, 4));\n</code></pre> heap.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\nPriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt; minHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt;();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539 Comparator \u5373\u53ef\uff09\nPriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt; maxHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt;(Comparer&lt;int&gt;.Create((x, y) =&gt; y - x));\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(1, 1);\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(3, 3);\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(2, 2);\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(5, 5);\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(4, 4);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = maxHeap.Peek();//5\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 5\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 4\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 3\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 2\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nint size = maxHeap.Count;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = maxHeap.Count == 0;\n/* \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806 */\nminHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt;(new List&lt;(int, int)&gt; { (1, 1), (3, 3), (2, 2), (5, 5), (4, 4), });\n</code></pre> heap.go<pre><code>// Go \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0 heap.Interface \u6765\u6784\u5efa\u6574\u6570\u5927\u9876\u5806\n// \u5b9e\u73b0 heap.Interface \u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0 sort.Interface\ntype intHeap []any\n// Push heap.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a8\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u5230\u5806\nfunc (h *intHeap) Push(x any) {\n// Push \u548c Pop \u4f7f\u7528 pointer receiver \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\n// \u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5207\u7247\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u5207\u7247\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\n*h = append(*h, x.(int))\n}\n// Pop heap.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f39\u51fa\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nfunc (h *intHeap) Pop() any {\n// \u5f85\u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u6700\u540e\nlast := (*h)[len(*h)-1]\n*h = (*h)[:len(*h)-1]\nreturn last\n}\n// Len sort.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\nfunc (h *intHeap) Len() int {\nreturn len(*h)\n}\n// Less sort.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\nfunc (h *intHeap) Less(i, j int) bool {\n// \u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u53f7\nreturn (*h)[i].(int) &gt; (*h)[j].(int)\n}\n// Swap sort.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\nfunc (h *intHeap) Swap(i, j int) {\n(*h)[i], (*h)[j] = (*h)[j], (*h)[i]\n}\n// Top \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nfunc (h *intHeap) Top() any {\nreturn (*h)[0]\n}\n/* Driver Code */\nfunc TestHeap(t *testing.T) {\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\nmaxHeap := &amp;intHeap{}\nheap.Init(maxHeap)\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\n// \u8c03\u7528 heap.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 1)\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 3)\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 2)\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 4)\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 5)\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\ntop := maxHeap.Top()\nfmt.Printf(\"\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a %d\\n\", top)\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u8c03\u7528 heap.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6765\u79fb\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 5\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 4\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 3\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 2\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nsize := len(*maxHeap)\nfmt.Printf(\"\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a %d\\n\", size)\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty := len(*maxHeap) == 0\nfmt.Printf(\"\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a %t\\n\", isEmpty)\n}\n</code></pre> heap.swift<pre><code>// Swift \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.js<pre><code>// JavaScript \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.ts<pre><code>// TypeScript \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.dart<pre><code>// Dart \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.rs<pre><code>use std::collections::BinaryHeap;\nuse std::cmp::Reverse;\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\nlet mut min_heap = BinaryHeap::&lt;Reverse&lt;i32&gt;&gt;::new();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\nlet mut max_heap = BinaryHeap::new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nmax_heap.push(1);\nmax_heap.push(3);\nmax_heap.push(2);\nmax_heap.push(5);\nmax_heap.push(4);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet peek = max_heap.peek().unwrap();  // 5\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 5\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 4\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 3\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 2\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nlet size = max_heap.len();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet is_empty = max_heap.is_empty();\n/* \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806 */\nlet min_heap = BinaryHeap::from(vec![Reverse(1), Reverse(3), Reverse(2), Reverse(5), Reverse(4)]);\n</code></pre> heap.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#812","title":"8.1.2 \u00a0 \u5806\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e0b\u6587\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u5927\u9876\u5806\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u53d6\u9006\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06 \\(\\geq\\) \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a \\(\\leq\\) \uff09\u3002\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5806\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5806\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u91c7\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5806\u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u65f6\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u503c\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 8-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5176\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(2i + 1\\) \uff0c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(2i + 2\\) \uff0c\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\((i - 1) / 2\\)\uff08\u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-2 \u00a0 \u5806\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8 </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7d22\u5f15\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>def left(self, i: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\"\"\"\nreturn 2 * i + 1\ndef right(self, i: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\"\"\"\nreturn 2 * i + 2\ndef parent(self, i: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\"\"\"\nreturn (i - 1) // 2  # \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint left(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint right(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint parent(int i) {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2; // \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint left(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint right(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint parent(int i) {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2; // \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint left(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint right(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint parent(int i) {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2; // \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc (h *maxHeap) left(i int) int {\nreturn 2*i + 1\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc (h *maxHeap) right(i int) int {\nreturn 2*i + 2\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc (h *maxHeap) parent(i int) int {\n// \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\nreturn (i - 1) / 2\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc left(i: Int) -&gt; Int {\n2 * i + 1\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc right(i: Int) -&gt; Int {\n2 * i + 2\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc parent(i: Int) -&gt; Int {\n(i - 1) / 2 // \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\n#left(i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\n#right(i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\n#parent(i) {\nreturn Math.floor((i - 1) / 2); // \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nleft(i: number): number {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nright(i: number): number {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nparent(i: number): number {\nreturn Math.floor((i - 1) / 2); // \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint _left(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint _right(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint _parent(int i) {\nreturn (i - 1) ~/ 2; // \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfn left(i: usize) -&gt; usize {\n2 * i + 1\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfn right(i: usize) -&gt; usize {\n2 * i + 2\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfn parent(i: usize) -&gt; usize {\n(i - 1) / 2 // \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint left(maxHeap *h, int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint right(maxHeap *h, int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint parent(maxHeap *h, int i) {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2;\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>// \u83b7\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\nfn left(i: usize) usize {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\nfn right(i: usize) usize {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\nfn parent(i: usize) usize {\n// return (i - 1) / 2; // \u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\nreturn @divFloor(i - 1, 2);\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u5373\u4e3a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5217\u8868\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>def peek(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nreturn self.max_heap[0]\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nreturn maxHeap[0];\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nreturn maxHeap.get(0);\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nreturn maxHeap[0];\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (h *maxHeap) peek() any {\nreturn h.data[0]\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc peek() -&gt; Int {\nmaxHeap[0]\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek() {\nreturn this.#maxHeap[0];\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek(): number {\nreturn this.maxHeap[0];\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nreturn _maxHeap[0];\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nfn peek(&amp;self) -&gt; Option&lt;i32&gt; {\nself.max_heap.first().copied()\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek(maxHeap *h) {\nreturn h-&gt;data[0];\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>// \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nfn peek(self: *Self) T {\nreturn self.max_heap.?.items[0];\n}  </code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 <code>val</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5806\u5e95\u3002\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e val \u53ef\u80fd\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d\u4ece\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5806\u5316 heapify\u300d\u3002</p> <p>\u8003\u8651\u4ece\u5165\u5806\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u6267\u884c\u5806\u5316\u3002\u5982\u56fe 8-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6bd4\u8f83\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u5176\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u7136\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u4fee\u590d\u5806\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u9047\u5230\u65e0\u987b\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-3 \u00a0 \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u8bbe\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5219\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5806\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u8f6e\u6570\u6700\u591a\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>def push(self, val: int):\n\"\"\"\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\"\"\"\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nself.max_heap.append(val)\n# \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nself.sift_up(self.size() - 1)\ndef sift_up(self, i: int):\n\"\"\"\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\"\"\"\nwhile True:\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\np = self.parent(i)\n# \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif p &lt; 0 or self.max_heap[i] &lt;= self.max_heap[p]:\nbreak\n# \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nself.swap(i, p)\n# \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nvoid push(int val) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nmaxHeap.push_back(val);\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nsiftUp(size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftUp(int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nint p = parent(i);\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif (p &lt; 0 || maxHeap[i] &lt;= maxHeap[p])\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(maxHeap[i], maxHeap[p]);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nvoid push(int val) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nmaxHeap.add(val);\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nsiftUp(size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftUp(int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nint p = parent(i);\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif (p &lt; 0 || maxHeap.get(i) &lt;= maxHeap.get(p))\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(i, p);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nvoid push(int val) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nmaxHeap.Add(val);\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nsiftUp(size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftUp(int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nint p = parent(i);\n// \u82e5\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif (p &lt; 0 || maxHeap[i] &lt;= maxHeap[p])\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(i, p);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nfunc (h *maxHeap) push(val any) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nh.data = append(h.data, val)\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nh.siftUp(len(h.data) - 1)\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc (h *maxHeap) siftUp(i int) {\nfor true {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\np := h.parent(i)\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif p &lt; 0 || h.data[i].(int) &lt;= h.data[p].(int) {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nh.swap(i, p)\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nfunc push(val: Int) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nmaxHeap.append(val)\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nsiftUp(i: size() - 1)\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc siftUp(i: Int) {\nvar i = i\nwhile true {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nlet p = parent(i: i)\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif p &lt; 0 || maxHeap[i] &lt;= maxHeap[p] {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(i: i, j: p)\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\npush(val) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nthis.#maxHeap.push(val);\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nthis.#siftUp(this.size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\n#siftUp(i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nconst p = this.#parent(i);\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif (p &lt; 0 || this.#maxHeap[i] &lt;= this.#maxHeap[p]) break;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nthis.#swap(i, p);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\npush(val: number): void {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nthis.maxHeap.push(val);\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nthis.siftUp(this.size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\nsiftUp(i: number): void {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nconst p = this.parent(i);\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif (p &lt; 0 || this.maxHeap[i] &lt;= this.maxHeap[p]) break;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nthis.swap(i, p);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nvoid push(int val) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\n_maxHeap.add(val);\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nsiftUp(size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftUp(int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nint p = _parent(i);\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif (p &lt; 0 || _maxHeap[i] &lt;= _maxHeap[p]) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n_swap(i, p);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nfn push(&amp;mut self, val: i32) {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nself.max_heap.push(val);\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nself.sift_up(self.size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\nfn sift_up(&amp;mut self, mut i: usize) {\nloop {\n// \u8282\u70b9 i \u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u5806\u9876\u8282\u70b9\u4e86\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif i == 0 {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nlet p = Self::parent(i);\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif self.max_heap[i] &lt;= self.max_heap[p] {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nself.swap(i, p);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nvoid push(maxHeap *h, int val) {\n// \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u8282\u70b9\nif (h-&gt;size == MAX_SIZE) {\nprintf(\"heap is full!\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\nh-&gt;data[h-&gt;size] = val;\nh-&gt;size++;\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nsiftUp(h, h-&gt;size - 1);\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftUp(maxHeap *h, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nint p = parent(h, i);\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif (p &lt; 0 || h-&gt;data[i] &lt;= h-&gt;data[p]) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(h, i, p);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>// \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nfn push(self: *Self, val: T) !void {\n// \u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\ntry self.max_heap.?.append(val);\n// \u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\ntry self.siftUp(self.size() - 1);\n}  // \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\nfn siftUp(self: *Self, i_: usize) !void {\nvar i = i_;\nwhile (true) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 i \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\nvar p = parent(i);\n// \u5f53\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u987b\u4fee\u590d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif (p &lt; 0 or self.max_heap.?.items[i] &lt;= self.max_heap.?.items[p]) break;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\ntry self.swap(i, p);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0a\u5806\u5316\ni = p;\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806","text":"<p>\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u5217\u8868\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9996\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u5f97\u540e\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u5806\u5316\u4fee\u590d\u53d8\u5f97\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u53d8\u52a8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u4ea4\u6362\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5806\u5e95\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u4ea4\u6362\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u5806\u5e95\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5220\u9664\u7684\u662f\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u6267\u884c\u5806\u5316\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5982\u56fe 8-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\u201d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u201c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\u201d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u4e0e\u5176\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u9047\u5230\u65e0\u987b\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-4 \u00a0 \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u4e0e\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>def pop(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\"\"\"\n# \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u5806\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n# \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nself.swap(0, self.size() - 1)\n# \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nval = self.max_heap.pop()\n# \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nself.sift_down(0)\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val\ndef sift_down(self, i: int):\n\"\"\"\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\"\"\"\nwhile True:\n# \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nl, r, ma = self.left(i), self.right(i), i\nif l &lt; self.size() and self.max_heap[l] &gt; self.max_heap[ma]:\nma = l\nif r &lt; self.size() and self.max_heap[r] &gt; self.max_heap[ma]:\nma = r\n# \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i:\nbreak\n# \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nself.swap(i, ma)\n# \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\nvoid pop() {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif (isEmpty()) {\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u5806\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nswap(maxHeap[0], maxHeap[size() - 1]);\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nmaxHeap.pop_back();\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(0);\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = left(i), r = right(i), ma = i;\nif (l &lt; size() &amp;&amp; maxHeap[l] &gt; maxHeap[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r &lt; size() &amp;&amp; maxHeap[r] &gt; maxHeap[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i)\nbreak;\nswap(maxHeap[i], maxHeap[ma]);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\nint pop() {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nswap(0, size() - 1);\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nint val = maxHeap.remove(size() - 1);\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(0);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = left(i), r = right(i), ma = i;\nif (l &lt; size() &amp;&amp; maxHeap.get(l) &gt; maxHeap.get(ma))\nma = l;\nif (r &lt; size() &amp;&amp; maxHeap.get(r) &gt; maxHeap.get(ma))\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i)\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(i, ma);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\nint pop() {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfRangeException();\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nswap(0, size() - 1);\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nint val = maxHeap.Last();\nmaxHeap.RemoveAt(size() - 1);\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(0);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = left(i), r = right(i), ma = i;\nif (l &lt; size() &amp;&amp; maxHeap[l] &gt; maxHeap[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r &lt; size() &amp;&amp; maxHeap[r] &gt; maxHeap[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u201c\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u7ed3\u675f\u5806\u5316\nif (ma == i) break;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(i, ma);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\nfunc (h *maxHeap) pop() any {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif h.isEmpty() {\nfmt.Println(\"error\")\nreturn nil\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nh.swap(0, h.size()-1)\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nval := h.data[len(h.data)-1]\nh.data = h.data[:len(h.data)-1]\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nh.siftDown(0)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc (h *maxHeap) siftDown(i int) {\nfor true {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a max\nl, r, max := h.left(i), h.right(i), i\nif l &lt; h.size() &amp;&amp; h.data[l].(int) &gt; h.data[max].(int) {\nmax = l\n}\nif r &lt; h.size() &amp;&amp; h.data[r].(int) &gt; h.data[max].(int) {\nmax = r\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif max == i {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nh.swap(i, max)\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = max\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\nfunc pop() -&gt; Int {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif isEmpty() {\nfatalError(\"\u5806\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nswap(i: 0, j: size() - 1)\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nlet val = maxHeap.remove(at: size() - 1)\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(i: 0)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc siftDown(i: Int) {\nvar i = i\nwhile true {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = left(i: i)\nlet r = right(i: i)\nvar ma = i\nif l &lt; size(), maxHeap[l] &gt; maxHeap[ma] {\nma = l\n}\nif r &lt; size(), maxHeap[r] &gt; maxHeap[ma] {\nma = r\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(i: i, j: ma)\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\npop() {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('\u5806\u4e3a\u7a7a');\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nthis.#swap(0, this.size() - 1);\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nconst val = this.#maxHeap.pop();\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nthis.#siftDown(0);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\n#siftDown(i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nconst l = this.#left(i),\nr = this.#right(i);\nlet ma = i;\nif (l &lt; this.size() &amp;&amp; this.#maxHeap[l] &gt; this.#maxHeap[ma]) ma = l;\nif (r &lt; this.size() &amp;&amp; this.#maxHeap[r] &gt; this.#maxHeap[ma]) ma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma === i) break;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nthis.#swap(i, ma);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\npop(): number {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new RangeError('Heap is empty.');\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nthis.swap(0, this.size() - 1);\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nconst val = this.maxHeap.pop();\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nthis.siftDown(0);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nsiftDown(i: number): void {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nconst l = this.left(i),\nr = this.right(i);\nlet ma = i;\nif (l &lt; this.size() &amp;&amp; this.maxHeap[l] &gt; this.maxHeap[ma]) ma = l;\nif (r &lt; this.size() &amp;&amp; this.maxHeap[r] &gt; this.maxHeap[ma]) ma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma === i) break;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nthis.swap(i, ma);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\nint pop() {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif (isEmpty()) throw Exception('\u5806\u4e3a\u7a7a');\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n_swap(0, size() - 1);\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nint val = _maxHeap.removeLast();\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(0);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = _left(i);\nint r = _right(i);\nint ma = i;\nif (l &lt; size() &amp;&amp; _maxHeap[l] &gt; _maxHeap[ma]) ma = l;\nif (r &lt; size() &amp;&amp; _maxHeap[r] &gt; _maxHeap[ma]) ma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i) break;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n_swap(i, ma);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\nfn pop(&amp;mut self) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif self.is_empty() {\npanic!(\"index out of bounds\");\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nself.swap(0, self.size() - 1);\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nlet val = self.max_heap.remove(self.size() - 1);\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nself.sift_down(0);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nval\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfn sift_down(&amp;mut self, mut i: usize) {\nloop {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet (l, r, mut ma) = (Self::left(i), Self::right(i), i);\nif l &lt; self.size() &amp;&amp; self.max_heap[l] &gt; self.max_heap[ma] {\nma = l;\n}\nif r &lt; self.size() &amp;&amp; self.max_heap[r] &gt; self.max_heap[ma] {\nma = r;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nself.swap(i, ma);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\nint pop(maxHeap *h) {\n// \u5224\u7a7a\u5904\u7406\nif (isEmpty(h)) {\nprintf(\"heap is empty!\");\nreturn INT_MAX;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nswap(h, 0, size(h) - 1);\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nint val = h-&gt;data[h-&gt;size - 1];\nh-&gt;size--;\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(h, 0);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(maxHeap *h, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a max\nint l = left(h, i);\nint r = right(h, i);\nint max = i;\nif (l &lt; size(h) &amp;&amp; h-&gt;data[l] &gt; h-&gt;data[max]) {\nmax = l;\n}\nif (r &lt; size(h) &amp;&amp; h-&gt;data[r] &gt; h-&gt;data[max]) {\nmax = r;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (max == i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(h, i, max);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = max;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>// \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\nfn pop(self: *Self) !T {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u5904\u7406\nif (self.isEmpty()) unreachable;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\ntry self.swap(0, self.size() - 1);\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nvar val = self.max_heap.?.pop();\n// \u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\ntry self.siftDown(0);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nreturn val;\n} // \u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\nfn siftDown(self: *Self, i_: usize) !void {\nvar i = i_;\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nvar l = left(i);\nvar r = right(i);\nvar ma = i;\nif (l &lt; self.size() and self.max_heap.?.items[l] &gt; self.max_heap.?.items[ma]) ma = l;\nif (r &lt; self.size() and self.max_heap.?.items[r] &gt; self.max_heap.?.items[ma]) ma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i) break;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\ntry self.swap(i, ma);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#813","title":"8.1.3 \u00a0 \u5806\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\uff1a\u5806\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7684\u9996\u9009\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff0c\u800c\u5efa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</li> <li>\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5806\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u6267\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u7ae0\u8282\u3002</li> <li>\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9009\u62e9\u70ed\u5ea6\u524d 10 \u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fae\u535a\u70ed\u641c\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u9500\u91cf\u524d 10 \u7684\u5546\u54c1\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/summary/","title":"8.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_heap/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u5806\u662f\u4e00\u68f5\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6210\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u5927\u9876\u5806\u548c\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\u3002\u5927\uff08\u5c0f\uff09\u9876\u5806\u7684\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6700\u5927\uff08\u5c0f\uff09\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5177\u6709\u51fa\u961f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5806\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5806\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 \\(O(\\log n)\\)\u3001\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5806\u3002</li> <li>\u5806\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u5806\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5728\u5165\u5806\u548c\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u90fd\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u3002</li> <li>\u8f93\u5165 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u5efa\u5806\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</li> <li>Top-K \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5806\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u9ad8\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log k)\\) \u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u201c\u5806\u201d\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u201c\u5806\u201d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e24\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u78b0\u5de7\u90fd\u53eb\u5806\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5806\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u5806\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5982\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u7b49\u590d\u6742\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6808\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u548c\u91ce\u6307\u9488\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/top_k/","title":"8.3 \u00a0 Top-K \u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u524d \\(k\\) \u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e24\u79cd\u601d\u8def\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u518d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5806\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/top_k/#831","title":"8.3.1 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u904d\u5386\u9009\u62e9","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe 8-6 \u6240\u793a\u7684 \\(k\\) \u8f6e\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7b2c \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(k\\) \u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(nk)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e \\(k \\ll n\\) \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53 \\(k\\) \u4e0e \\(n\\) \u6bd4\u8f83\u63a5\u8fd1\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-6 \u00a0 \u904d\u5386\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 </p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5f53 \\(k = n\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u201c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/top_k/#832","title":"8.3.2 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 8-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u201c\u8d85\u989d\u201d\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6392\u5e8f\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-7 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/top_k/#833","title":"8.3.3 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u5806","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u89e3\u51b3 Top-K \u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 8-8 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0c\u5176\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u6700\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5148\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u5165\u5806\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u7b2c \\(k + 1\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\u3002</li> <li>\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5806\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-8 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 </p> <p>\u603b\u5171\u6267\u884c\u4e86 \\(n\\) \u8f6e\u5165\u5806\u548c\u51fa\u5806\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(k\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log k)\\) \u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5f53 \\(k\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8d8b\u5411 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1b\u5f53 \\(k\\) \u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u7ef4\u62a4\u5806\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u5927 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig top_k.py<pre><code>def top_k_heap(nums: list[int], k: int) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nheap = []\n# \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nfor i in range(k):\nheapq.heappush(heap, nums[i])\n# \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor i in range(k, len(nums)):\n# \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif nums[i] &gt; heap[0]:\nheapq.heappop(heap)\nheapq.heappush(heap, nums[i])\nreturn heap\n</code></pre> top_k.cpp<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 */\npriority_queue&lt;int, vector&lt;int&gt;, greater&lt;int&gt;&gt; topKHeap(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int k) {\npriority_queue&lt;int, vector&lt;int&gt;, greater&lt;int&gt;&gt; heap;\n// \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\nheap.push(nums[i]);\n}\n// \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor (int i = k; i &lt; nums.size(); i++) {\n// \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif (nums[i] &gt; heap.top()) {\nheap.pop();\nheap.push(nums[i]);\n}\n}\nreturn heap;\n}\n</code></pre> top_k.java<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 */\nQueue&lt;Integer&gt; topKHeap(int[] nums, int k) {\nQueue&lt;Integer&gt; heap = new PriorityQueue&lt;Integer&gt;();\n// \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\nheap.offer(nums[i]);\n}\n// \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor (int i = k; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\n// \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif (nums[i] &gt; heap.peek()) {\nheap.poll();\nheap.offer(nums[i]);\n}\n}\nreturn heap;\n}\n</code></pre> top_k.cs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 */\nPriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt; topKHeap(int[] nums, int k) {\nPriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt; heap = new PriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt;();\n// \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\nheap.Enqueue(nums[i], nums[i]);\n}\n// \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor (int i = k; i &lt; nums.Length; i++) {\n// \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif (nums[i] &gt; heap.Peek()) {\nheap.Dequeue();\nheap.Enqueue(nums[i], nums[i]);\n}\n}\nreturn heap;\n}\n</code></pre> top_k.go<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc topKHeap(nums []int, k int) *minHeap {\nh := &amp;minHeap{}\nheap.Init(h)\n// \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nfor i := 0; i &lt; k; i++ {\nheap.Push(h, nums[i])\n}\n// \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor i := k; i &lt; len(nums); i++ {\n// \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif nums[i] &gt; h.Top().(int) {\nheap.Pop(h)\nheap.Push(h, nums[i])\n}\n}\nreturn h\n}\n</code></pre> top_k.swift<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc topKHeap(nums: [Int], k: Int) -&gt; [Int] {\n// \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nvar heap = Array(nums.prefix(k))\n// \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor i in stride(from: k, to: nums.count, by: 1) {\n// \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif nums[i] &gt; heap.first! {\nheap.removeFirst()\nheap.insert(nums[i], at: 0)\n}\n}\nreturn heap\n}\n</code></pre> top_k.js<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction topKHeap(nums, k) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u9876\u5806 MaxHeap \uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u53d6\u76f8\u53cd\u6570\nconst invertedNums = nums.map((num) =&gt; -num);\n// \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nconst heap = new MaxHeap(invertedNums.slice(0, k));\n// \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor (let i = k; i &lt; invertedNums.length; i++) {\n// \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif (invertedNums[i] &lt; heap.peek()) {\nheap.pop();\nheap.push(invertedNums[i]);\n}\n}\n// \u53d6\u51fa\u5806\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\nconst maxHeap = heap.getMaxHeap();\n// \u5bf9\u5806\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u53d6\u76f8\u53cd\u6570\nconst invertedMaxHeap = maxHeap.map((num) =&gt; -num);\nreturn invertedMaxHeap;\n}\n</code></pre> top_k.ts<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction topKHeap(nums: number[], k: number): number[] {\n// \u5c06\u5806\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u53d6\u53cd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7528\u5927\u9876\u5806\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\nconst invertedNums = nums.map((num) =&gt; -num);\n// \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nconst heap = new MaxHeap(invertedNums.slice(0, k));\n// \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor (let i = k; i &lt; invertedNums.length; i++) {\n// \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif (invertedNums[i] &lt; heap.peek()) {\nheap.pop();\nheap.push(invertedNums[i]);\n}\n}\n// \u53d6\u51fa\u5806\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\nconst maxHeap = heap.getMaxHeap();\n// \u5bf9\u5806\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u53d6\u76f8\u53cd\u6570\nconst invertedMaxHeap = maxHeap.map((num) =&gt; -num);\nreturn invertedMaxHeap;\n}\n</code></pre> top_k.dart<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 */\nMinHeap topKHeap(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int k) {\n// \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nMinHeap heap = MinHeap(nums.sublist(0, k));\n// \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor (int i = k; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\n// \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif (nums[i] &gt; heap.peek()) {\nheap.pop();\nheap.push(nums[i]);\n}\n}\nreturn heap;\n}\n</code></pre> top_k.rs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 */\nfn top_k_heap(nums: Vec&lt;i32&gt;, k: usize) -&gt; BinaryHeap&lt;Reverse&lt;i32&gt;&gt; {\n// Rust \u7684 BinaryHeap \u662f\u5927\u9876\u5806\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Reverse \u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u5c0f\u53cd\u8f6c\nlet mut heap = BinaryHeap::&lt;Reverse&lt;i32&gt;&gt;::new();\n// \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nfor &amp;num in nums.iter().take(k) {\nheap.push(Reverse(num));\n}\n// \u4ece\u7b2c k+1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a k\nfor &amp;num in nums.iter().skip(k) {\n// \u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nif num &gt; heap.peek().unwrap().0 {\nheap.pop();\nheap.push(Reverse(num));\n}\n}\nheap\n}\n</code></pre> top_k.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/","title":"\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u521d\u8bc6\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c11\u5973\u7fe9\u7fe9\u8d77\u821e\uff0c\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u88d9\u6446\u4e0a\u98d8\u626c\u7740\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65cb\u5f8b\u3002</p> <p>\u5979\u9080\u8bf7\u4f60\u5171\u821e\uff0c\u8bf7\u7d27\u8ddf\u5979\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u8e0f\u5165\u5145\u6ee1\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u7f8e\u611f\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e16\u754c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>1.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728</li> <li>1.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48</li> <li>1.3 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/algorithms_are_everywhere/","title":"1.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728","text":"<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u542c\u5230\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u6570\u5b66\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u590d\u6742\u6570\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u903b\u8f91\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5904\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a2\u8ba8\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u503c\u5f97\u5206\u4eab\uff1a\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u4e2d\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e60\u60ef\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4e86\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4e3e\u51e0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bc1\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a\u67e5\u9605\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u91cc\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u62fc\u97f3\uff0c\u800c\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u6309\u7167\u62fc\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u7684\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u62fc\u97f3\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e3a \\(r\\) \u7684\u5b57\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u56fe 1-1 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u7ffb\u5f00\u5b57\u5178\u7ea6\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u9875\u6570\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u8be5\u9875\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e3a \\(m\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u62fc\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u4e2d \\(r\\) \u4f4d\u4e8e \\(m\\) \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u8303\u56f4\u7f29\u5c0f\u5230\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u590d\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>1.</code> \u548c \u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u62fc\u97f3\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e3a \\(r\\) \u7684\u9875\u7801\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-1 \u00a0 \u67e5\u5b57\u5178\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u67e5\u9605\u5b57\u5178\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5b66\u751f\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\uff1b\u4ece\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u67e5\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u4e8c\uff1a\u6574\u7406\u6251\u514b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6253\u724c\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c40\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6574\u7406\u6251\u514b\u724c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 1-2 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06\u6251\u514b\u724c\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u6709\u5e8f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u65e0\u5e8f\u201d\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u5047\u8bbe\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u6700\u5de6 1 \u5f20\u6251\u514b\u724c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u65e0\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u62bd\u51fa\u4e00\u5f20\u6251\u514b\u724c\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u81f3\u6709\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u6700\u5de6 2 \u5f20\u6251\u514b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u5c06\u4e00\u5f20\u6251\u514b\u724c\u4ece\u65e0\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u63d2\u5165\u81f3\u6709\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u6251\u514b\u724c\u90fd\u6709\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-2 \u00a0 \u6251\u514b\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6574\u7406\u6251\u514b\u724c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5c0f\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8eab\u5f71\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u4e09\uff1a\u8d27\u5e01\u627e\u96f6\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8d85\u5e02\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86 \\(69\\) \u5143\u7684\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e86\u6536\u94f6\u5458 \\(100\\) \u5143\uff0c\u5219\u6536\u94f6\u5458\u9700\u8981\u627e\u6211\u4eec \\(31\\) \u5143\u3002\u4ed6\u4f1a\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u5982\u56fe 1-3 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u662f\u6bd4 \\(31\\) \u5143\u9762\u503c\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u5305\u62ec \\(1\\) \u5143\u3001\\(5\\) \u5143\u3001\\(10\\) \u5143\u3001\\(20\\) \u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u62ff\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(20\\) \u5143\uff0c\u5269\u4f59 \\(31 - 20 = 11\\) \u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u5269\u4f59\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u62ff\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(10\\) \u5143\uff0c\u5269\u4f59 \\(11 - 10 = 1\\) \u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u5269\u4f59\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u62ff\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(1\\) \u5143\uff0c\u5269\u4f59 \\(1 - 1 = 0\\) \u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u5b8c\u6210\u627e\u96f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u4e3a \\(20 + 10 + 1 = 31\\) \u5143\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-3 \u00a0 \u8d27\u5e01\u627e\u96f6\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u91c7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u770b\u6765\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u5927\u9762\u989d\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u627e\u96f6\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u5c0f\u5230\u70f9\u996a\u4e00\u9053\u83dc\uff0c\u5927\u5230\u661f\u9645\u822a\u884c\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u7528 CPU \u548c GPU \u6267\u884c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u628a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u4ecd\u611f\u5230\u4e00\u77e5\u534a\u89e3\uff0c\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80\u4e0b\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5c06\u5f15\u5bfc\u4f60\u8fc8\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6bbf\u5802\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/summary/","title":"1.3 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9065\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\u7684\u9ad8\u6df1\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u4e2d\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u9605\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3\u3002</li> <li>\u6574\u7406\u6251\u514b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u6392\u5e8f\u5c0f\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002</li> <li>\u8d27\u5e01\u627e\u96f6\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u91c7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u770b\u6765\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u6709\u9650\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u89e3\u51b3\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u800c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5219\u662f\u53d1\u6325\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e3a\u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728\uff0c\u79ef\u6728\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u79ef\u6728\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/","title":"1.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48","text":""},{"location":"chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/#121","title":"1.2.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49","text":"<p>\u300c\u7b97\u6cd5 algorithm\u300d\u662f\u5728\u6709\u9650\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u89e3\u51b3\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u660e\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6709\u9650\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</li> <li>\u5404\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u59cb\u7ec8\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/#122","title":"1.2.2 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9a\u4e49","text":"<p>\u300c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 data structure\u300d\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u8282\u7701\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8868\u793a\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f7f\u5f97\u7b97\u6cd5\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u6743\u8861\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u67d0\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f5c\u51fa\u59a5\u534f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4e3e\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u94fe\u8868\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u66f4\u52a0\u4fbf\u6377\uff0c\u4f46\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/#123","title":"1.2.3 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 1-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u3001\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\u7b97\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u672c\u8eab\u4ec5\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u7b97\u6cd5\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5dee\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-4 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb </p> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u72b9\u5982\u56fe 1-5 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728\u3002\u4e00\u5957\u79ef\u6728\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5305\u542b\u8bb8\u591a\u96f6\u4ef6\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9644\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u7ec4\u88c5\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u7167\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u7ec4\u88c5\u51fa\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u79ef\u6728\u6a21\u578b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-5 \u00a0 \u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728 </p> <p>\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u8868 1-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 1-1 \u00a0 \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e3a\u79ef\u6728 </p> \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5 \u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728 \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e \u672a\u62fc\u88c5\u7684\u79ef\u6728 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 \u79ef\u6728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f62\u72b6\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49 \u7b97\u6cd5 \u628a\u79ef\u6728\u62fc\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4 \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e \u79ef\u6728\u6a21\u578b <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5f97\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4fd7\u6210\u7684\u7b80\u79f0</p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u8ba8\u8bba\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u201c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684 LeetCode \u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/","title":"\u7b2c 0 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u524d\u8a00","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u72b9\u5982\u7f8e\u5999\u7684\u4ea4\u54cd\u4e50\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u50cf\u97f5\u5f8b\u822c\u6d41\u6dcc\u3002</p> <p>\u613f\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u8111\u6d77\u4e2d\u8f7b\u8f7b\u54cd\u8d77\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u72ec\u7279\u800c\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u65cb\u5f8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>0.1 \u00a0 \u5173\u4e8e\u672c\u4e66</li> <li>0.2 \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u4e66</li> <li>0.3 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/about_the_book/","title":"0.1 \u00a0 \u5173\u4e8e\u672c\u4e66","text":"<p>\u672c\u9879\u76ee\u65e8\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u672c\u5f00\u6e90\u514d\u8d39\u3001\u65b0\u624b\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5168\u4e66\u91c7\u7528\u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5730\u8bb2\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u6e05\u6670\u6613\u61c2\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u66f2\u7ebf\u5e73\u6ed1\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7686\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u652f\u6301 Java\u3001C++\u3001Python\u3001Go\u3001JS\u3001TS\u3001C#\u3001Swift\u3001Rust\u3001Dart\u3001Zig \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u3002</li> <li>\u9f13\u52b1\u8bfb\u8005\u5728\u7ae0\u8282\u8ba8\u8bba\u533a\u4e92\u5e2e\u4e92\u52a9\u3001\u5171\u540c\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u63d0\u95ee\u4e0e\u8bc4\u8bba\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u5728\u4e24\u65e5\u5185\u5f97\u5230\u56de\u590d\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/about_the_book/#011","title":"0.1.1 \u00a0 \u8bfb\u8005\u5bf9\u8c61","text":"<p>\u82e5\u60a8\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u521d\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5237\u9898\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u6709\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u53cd\u590d\u6a2a\u8df3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6b63\u662f\u4e3a\u60a8\u91cf\u8eab\u5b9a\u5236\uff01</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e00\u5b9a\u5237\u9898\u91cf\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9898\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u672c\u4e66\u53ef\u52a9\u60a8\u56de\u987e\u4e0e\u68b3\u7406\u7b97\u6cd5\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ed3\u5e93\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u201c\u5237\u9898\u5de5\u5177\u5e93\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b57\u5178\u201d\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u82e5\u60a8\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5927\u795e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u6536\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u8d77\u53c2\u4e0e\u521b\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6</p> <p>\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u81f3\u5c11\u5177\u5907\u4efb\u4e00\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u5355\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/about_the_book/#012","title":"0.1.2 \u00a0 \u5185\u5bb9\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u56fe 0-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3001\u6548\u7387\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3001\u89e3\u9898\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u9898\u76ee\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-1 \u00a0 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\u5185\u5bb9\u7ed3\u6784 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/about_the_book/#013","title":"0.1.3 \u00a0 \u81f4\u8c22","text":"<p>\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u611f\u8c22\u6211\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u674e\u6c50\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u7545\u8c08\u4e2d\u60a8\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u201c\u5feb\u884c\u52a8\u8d77\u6765\u201d\uff0c\u575a\u5b9a\u4e86\u6211\u5199\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002</li> <li>\u611f\u8c22\u6211\u7684\u5973\u670b\u53cb\u6ce1\u6ce1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9996\u4f4d\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u4ece\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c0f\u767d\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u63d0\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9d\u8d35\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u672c\u4e66\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u65b0\u624b\u9605\u8bfb\u3002</li> <li>\u611f\u8c22\u817e\u5b9d\u3001\u7426\u5b9d\u3001\u98de\u5b9d\u4e3a\u672c\u4e66\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bcc\u6709\u521b\u610f\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5524\u8d77\u5927\u5bb6\u5199\u4e0b\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801 \"Hello World!\" \u7684\u7f8e\u597d\u56de\u5fc6\u3002</li> <li>\u611f\u8c22\u82cf\u6f7c\u4e3a\u672c\u4e66\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u5c01\u9762\u548c LOGO \uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u75c7\u4e0b\u591a\u6b21\u8010\u5fc3\u4fee\u6539\u3002</li> <li>\u611f\u8c22 @squidfunk \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u6392\u7248\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u6587\u6863\u4e3b\u9898 Material-for-MkDocs \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u5199\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6559\u6750\u548c\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e3a\u672c\u4e66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u8303\u672c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u672c\u4e66\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u4e0e\u54c1\u8d28\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u611f\u8c22\u6240\u6709\u8001\u5e08\u548c\u524d\u8f88\u4eec\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff01</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5021\u5bfc\u624b\u8111\u5e76\u7528\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\u6df1\u53d7\u300a\u52a8\u624b\u5b66\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u300b\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u5411\u5404\u4f4d\u8bfb\u8005\u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350\u8fd9\u672c\u4f18\u79c0\u8457\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u8877\u5fc3\u611f\u8c22\u6211\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4f60\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u9f13\u52b1\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u505a\u8fd9\u4ef6\u5bcc\u6709\u8da3\u5473\u7684\u4e8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/","title":"0.2 \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u4e66","text":"<p>Tip</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u901a\u8bfb\u672c\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#021","title":"0.2.1 \u00a0 \u884c\u6587\u98ce\u683c\u7ea6\u5b9a","text":"<ul> <li>\u6807\u9898\u540e\u6807\u6ce8 <code>*</code> \u7684\u662f\u9009\u8bfb\u7ae0\u8282\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u5bf9\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u3002</li> <li>\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u6709\u7279\u6307\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u8bcd\u53e5\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>\u201c\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u201d</code> \u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6b67\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u91cd\u8981\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u53ca\u5176\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f1a\u7528 <code>\u300c \u300d</code> \u62ec\u53f7\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>\u300c\u6570\u7ec4 array\u300d</code> \u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u732e\u3002</li> <li>\u52a0\u7c97\u7684\u6587\u5b57 \u8868\u793a\u91cd\u70b9\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u603b\u7ed3\u6027\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6587\u5b57\u503c\u5f97\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5747\u4ee5 Python \u4e3a\u51c6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u672c\u4e66\u90e8\u5206\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4ee5\u6362\u53d6\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u51d1\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6392\u7248\u3002\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\u3001\u591a\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>\"\"\"\u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49\"\"\"\n# \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n\"\"\"\n\u591a\u884c\n\u6ce8\u91ca\n\"\"\"\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u591a\u884c\n// \u6ce8\u91ca\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#022","title":"0.2.2 \u00a0 \u5728\u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u5b66\u4e60","text":"<p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u89c6\u9891\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u548c\u96be\u70b9\u77e5\u8bc6\u5c06\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u753b\u548c\u56fe\u89e3\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u6587\u5b57\u5219\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52a8\u753b\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0e\u8865\u5145\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u67d0\u6bb5\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56fe 0-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u753b\u6216\u56fe\u89e3\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ee5\u56fe\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3001\u4ee5\u6587\u5b57\u4e3a\u8f85\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u4e24\u8005\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-2 \u00a0 \u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3\u793a\u4f8b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#023","title":"0.2.3 \u00a0 \u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u914d\u5957\u4ee3\u7801\u88ab\u6258\u7ba1\u5728 GitHub \u4ed3\u5e93\u3002\u5982\u56fe 0-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u9644\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u65f6\u95f4\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u53c2\u7167\u4ee3\u7801\u81ea\u884c\u6572\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u8bf7\u81f3\u5c11\u901a\u8bfb\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u6240\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u9605\u8bfb\u4ee3\u7801\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u6536\u83b7\u3002\u52a8\u624b\u5b66\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u771f\u7684\u5b66\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-3 \u00a0 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u6b65\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u672c\u5730\u7f16\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8bf7\u53c2\u7167\u9644\u5f55\u6559\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5219\u53ef\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u514b\u9686\u6216\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5 Git \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u514b\u9686\u672c\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002</p> <pre><code>git clone https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git\n</code></pre> <p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u56fe 0-4 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201cDownload ZIP\u201d\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4ee3\u7801\u538b\u7f29\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u672c\u5730\u89e3\u538b\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-4 \u00a0 \u514b\u9686\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e0e\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4ee3\u7801 </p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5982\u56fe 0-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9876\u90e8\u6807\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684 <code>codes</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5185\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8282\u7701\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-5 \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#024","title":"0.2.4 \u00a0 \u5728\u63d0\u95ee\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\u5171\u540c\u6210\u957f","text":"<p>\u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u8f7b\u6613\u8df3\u8fc7\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u5b66\u660e\u767d\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u63d0\u51fa\u4f60\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u548c\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u5c06\u7aed\u8bda\u4e3a\u4f60\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u5728\u4e24\u5929\u5185\u56de\u590d\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 0-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6bcf\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5e95\u90e8\u90fd\u914d\u6709\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u80fd\u591a\u5173\u6ce8\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5927\u5bb6\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u67e5\u6f0f\u8865\u7f3a\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u4f60\u80fd\u6177\u6168\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u5176\u4ed6\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u60a8\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eba\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-6 \u00a0 \u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u793a\u4f8b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#025","title":"0.2.5 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf","text":"<p>\u4ece\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u5165\u95e8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u719f\u6089\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u540c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u7528\u9014\u548c\u6548\u7387\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</li> <li>\u5237\u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u4ece\u70ed\u95e8\u9898\u76ee\u5f00\u5237\uff0c\u5982\u5251\u6307 Offer\u548cLeetCode Hot 100\uff0c\u5148\u79ef\u7d2f\u81f3\u5c11 100 \u9053\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u521d\u6b21\u5237\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u9057\u5fd8\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf7\u653e\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u201c\u827e\u5bbe\u6d69\u65af\u9057\u5fd8\u66f2\u7ebf\u201d\u6765\u590d\u4e60\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u8fdb\u884c 3-5 \u8f6e\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5c06\u5176\u7262\u8bb0\u5728\u5fc3\u3002</li> <li>\u642d\u5efa\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e13\u680f\u6587\u7ae0\u3001\u89e3\u9898\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e30\u5bcc\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u5237\u9898\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91c7\u7528\u8fdb\u9636\u5237\u9898\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5982\u6309\u4e13\u9898\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u4e00\u9898\u591a\u89e3\u3001\u4e00\u89e3\u591a\u9898\u7b49\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5237\u9898\u5fc3\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u793e\u533a\u627e\u5230\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5982\u56fe 0-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u6db5\u76d6\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u201d\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5c55\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-7 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/summary/","title":"0.3 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53d7\u4f17\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u56de\u987e\u7b97\u6cd5\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e66\u5185\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5237\u9898\u5de5\u5177\u5e93\u201d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u4e66\u4e2d\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e3b\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5\u65b0\u624b\uff0c\u5728\u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u9605\u8bfb\u4e00\u672c\u5165\u95e8\u4e66\u7c4d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c11\u8d70\u8bb8\u591a\u5f2f\u8def\u3002</li> <li>\u4e66\u5185\u7684\u52a8\u753b\u548c\u56fe\u89e3\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u91cd\u70b9\u548c\u96be\u70b9\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u7ed9\u4e88\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u6ce8\u3002</li> <li>\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e43\u5b66\u4e60\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e4b\u6700\u4f73\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u8fd0\u884c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u4eb2\u81ea\u6572\u6253\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</li> <li>\u672c\u4e66\u7f51\u9875\u7248\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ae0\u8282\u90fd\u8bbe\u6709\u8ba8\u8bba\u533a\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u968f\u65f6\u5206\u4eab\u4f60\u7684\u7591\u60d1\u4e0e\u89c1\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_reference/","title":"\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e","text":"<p>[1] Thomas H. Cormen, et al. Introduction to Algorithms (3<sup>rd</sup> Edition).</p> <p>[2] Aditya Bhargava. Grokking Algorithms: An Illustrated Guide for Programmers and Other Curious People (1<sup>st</sup> Edition).</p> <p>[3] \u4e25\u851a\u654f. \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08C \u8bed\u8a00\u7248\uff09.</p> <p>[4] \u9093\u4fca\u8f89. \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08C++ \u8bed\u8a00\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\uff09.</p> <p>[5] \u9a6c\u514b \u827e\u4f26 \u7ef4\u65af\u8457\uff0c\u9648\u8d8a\u8bd1. \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\uff1aJava\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\uff09.</p> <p>[6] \u7a0b\u6770. \u5927\u8bdd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784.</p> <p>[7] \u738b\u4e89. \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u7f8e.</p> <p>[8] Gayle Laakmann McDowell. Cracking the Coding Interview: 189 Programming Questions and Solutions (6<sup>th</sup> Edition). </p> <p>[9] Aston Zhang, et al. Dive into Deep Learning.</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/","title":"\u7b2c 10 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u641c\u7d22\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u5192\u9669\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6216\u8bb8\u9700\u8981\u8d70\u904d\u795e\u79d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89d2\u843d\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u9501\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u5bfb\u89c5\u4e4b\u65c5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u63a2\u7d22\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u66fe\u6599\u60f3\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>10.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e</li> <li>10.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9</li> <li>10.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\u754c</li> <li>10.4 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565</li> <li>10.5 \u00a0 \u91cd\u8bc6\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>10.6 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search/","title":"10.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e","text":"<p>\u300c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e binary search\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\u534a\u641c\u7d22\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8bf7\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \u5728\u8be5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u82e5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 10-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6307\u9488 \\(i = 0\\) \u548c \\(j = n - 1\\) \uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4 \\([0, n - 1]\\) \u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u5305\u542b\u8fb9\u754c\u503c\u672c\u8eab\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 \\(m = \\lfloor {(i + j) / 2} \\rfloor\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(\\lfloor \\: \\rfloor\\) \u8868\u793a\u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u5224\u65ad <code>nums[m]</code> \u548c <code>target</code> \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<ol> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] &lt; target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e <code>target</code> \u5728\u533a\u95f4 \\([m + 1, j]\\) \u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c \\(i = m + 1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] &gt; target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e <code>target</code> \u5728\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, m - 1]\\) \u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c \\(j = m - 1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] = target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u627e\u5230 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 \\(m\\) \u3002</li> </ol> </li> </ol> <p>\u82e5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6d41\u7a0b </p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u90fd\u662f <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 \\(i + j\\) \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8d85\u51fa <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5927\u6570\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u516c\u5f0f \\(m = \\lfloor {i + (j - i) / 2} \\rfloor\\) \u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search.py<pre><code>def binary_search(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\ni, j = 0, len(nums) - 1\n# \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile i &lt;= j:\n# \u7406\u8bba\u4e0a Python \u7684\u6570\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u9650\u5927\uff08\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5927\u6570\u8d8a\u754c\u95ee\u9898\nm = (i + j) // 2  # \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target:\ni = m + 1  # \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\nelif nums[m] &gt; target:\nj = m - 1  # \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nelse:\nreturn m  # \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn -1  # \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\n</code></pre> binary_search.cpp<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nint binarySearch(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nint i = 0, j = nums.size() - 1;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target)    // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\nelse // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.java<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nint binarySearch(int[] nums, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nint i = 0, j = nums.length - 1;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\nelse // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.cs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nint binarySearch(int[] nums, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nint i = 0, j = nums.Length - 1;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2;   // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target)      // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\nelse                       // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.go<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nfunc binarySearch(nums []int, target int) int {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\ni, j := 0, len(nums)-1\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nfor i &lt;= j {\nm := i + (j-i)/2      // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target { // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target { // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1\n} else { // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.swift<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nfunc binarySearch(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nvar i = 0\nvar j = nums.count - 1\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile i &lt;= j {\nlet m = i + (j - i) / 2 // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target { // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target { // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1\n} else { // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.js<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nfunction binarySearch(nums, target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nlet i = 0,\nj = nums.length - 1;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 parseInt() \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\nconst m = parseInt(i + (j - i) / 2);\nif (nums[m] &lt; target)\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target)\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\nelse return m; // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.ts<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nfunction binarySearch(nums: number[], target: number): number {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nlet i = 0,\nj = nums.length - 1;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nconst m = Math.floor(i + (j - i) / 2);\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\nreturn -1; // \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.dart<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nint binarySearch(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nint i = 0, j = nums.length - 1;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) ~/ 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.rs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nfn binary_search(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nlet mut i = 0;\nlet mut j = nums.len() as i32 - 1;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile i &lt;= j {\nlet m = i + (j - i) / 2;      // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m as usize] &lt; target {         // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\n} else if nums[m as usize] &gt; target {  // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\n} else {                      // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}                       }\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.c<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nint binarySearch(int *nums, int len, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nint i = 0, j = len - 1;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target)    // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\nelse // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.zig<pre><code>// \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff09\nfn binarySearch(comptime T: type, nums: std.ArrayList(T), target: T) T {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1] \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nvar i: usize = 0;\nvar j: usize = nums.items.len - 1;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i &gt; j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nvar m = i + (j - i) / 2;                // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums.items[m] &lt; target) {           // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\n} else if (nums.items[m] &gt; target) {    // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\n} else {                                // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn @intCast(m);\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff1a\u5728\u4e8c\u5206\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u533a\u95f4\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e3a \\(\\log_2 n\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(1)\\) \uff1a\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search/#1011","title":"10.1.1 \u00a0 \u533a\u95f4\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u5916\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u533a\u95f4\u8868\u793a\u8fd8\u6709\u201c\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u201d\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a \\([0, n)\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\uff0c\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, j]\\) \u5728 \\(i = j\\) \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u8be5\u8868\u793a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search.py<pre><code>def binary_search_lcro(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\ni, j = 0, len(nums)\n# \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile i &lt; j:\nm = (i + j) // 2  # \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target:\ni = m + 1  # \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\nelif nums[m] &gt; target:\nj = m  # \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nelse:\nreturn m  # \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn -1  # \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\n</code></pre> binary_search.cpp<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09 */\nint binarySearchLCRO(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nint i = 0, j = nums.size();\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target)    // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m;\nelse // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.java<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09 */\nint binarySearchLCRO(int[] nums, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nint i = 0, j = nums.length;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m;\nelse // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.cs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09 */\nint binarySearchLCRO(int[] nums, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nint i = 0, j = nums.Length;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2;   // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target)      // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m;\nelse                       // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.go<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09 */\nfunc binarySearchLCRO(nums []int, target int) int {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\ni, j := 0, len(nums)\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nfor i &lt; j {\nm := i + (j-i)/2      // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target { // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target { // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m\n} else { // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.swift<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09 */\nfunc binarySearchLCRO(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nvar i = 0\nvar j = nums.count\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile i &lt; j {\nlet m = i + (j - i) / 2 // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target { // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target { // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m\n} else { // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.js<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09 */\nfunction binarySearchLCRO(nums, target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nlet i = 0,\nj = nums.length;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 parseInt() \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\nconst m = parseInt(i + (j - i) / 2);\nif (nums[m] &lt; target)\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target)\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m;\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nelse return m;\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.ts<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09 */\nfunction binarySearchLCRO(nums: number[], target: number): number {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nlet i = 0,\nj = nums.length;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nconst m = Math.floor(i + (j - i) / 2);\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m;\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\nreturn -1; // \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.dart<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u533a\u95f4\uff09 */\nint binarySearchLCRO(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nint i = 0, j = nums.length;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) ~/ 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\n// \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m;\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.rs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09 */\nfn binary_search_lcro(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nlet mut i = 0;\nlet mut j = nums.len() as i32;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile i &lt; j {\nlet m = i + (j - i) / 2;      // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m as usize] &lt; target {         // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\n} else if nums[m as usize] &gt; target {  // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m - 1;\n} else {                      // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}                       }\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.c<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09 */\nint binarySearchLCRO(int *nums, int len, int target) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nint i = 0, j = len;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target)    // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\nelse if (nums[m] &gt; target) // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m;\nelse // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn m;\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search.zig<pre><code>// \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09\nfn binarySearchLCRO(comptime T: type, nums: std.ArrayList(T), target: T) T {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00 [0, n) \uff0c\u5373 i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20+1\nvar i: usize = 0;\nvar j: usize = nums.items.len;\n// \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u5f53 i = j \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff09\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nvar m = i + (j - i) / 2;                // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums.items[m] &lt; target) {           // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j) \u4e2d\ni = m + 1;\n} else if (nums.items[m] &gt; target) {    // \u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf4\u660e target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m) \u4e2d\nj = m;\n} else {                                // \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn @intCast(m);\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 10-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u533a\u95f4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u7f29\u5c0f\u533a\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u7686\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u201d\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u7684\u5de6\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c\u90fd\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u7f29\u5c0f\u533a\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u66f4\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u822c\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-3 \u00a0 \u4e24\u79cd\u533a\u95f4\u5b9a\u4e49 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search/#1012","title":"10.1.2 \u00a0 \u4f18\u70b9\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u3002\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n = 2^{20}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u9700\u8981 \\(2^{20} = 1048576\\) \u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u800c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ec5\u9700 \\(\\log_2 2^{20} = 20\\) \u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u65e0\u987b\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\uff09\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u66f4\u52a0\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u975e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u82e5\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65e0\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u800c\u4e13\u95e8\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5f97\u4e0d\u507f\u5931\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \uff0c\u6bd4\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u90fd\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u7ec4\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u9700\u8981\u8df3\u8dc3\u5f0f\uff08\u975e\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\uff09\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u8df3\u8dc3\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u4f73\u3002\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ea\u9700\u8981 1 \u6b21\u5224\u65ad\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981 1 \u6b21\u52a0\u6cd5\u30011 \u6b21\u9664\u6cd5\u30011 ~ 3 \u6b21\u5224\u65ad\u64cd\u4f5c\u30011 \u6b21\u52a0\u6cd5\uff08\u51cf\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u5171 4 ~ 6 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u91cf \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u53cd\u800c\u6bd4\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/","title":"10.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\u754c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/#1031","title":"10.3.1 \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u82e5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u56de\u5fc6\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5b8c\u6210\u540e \\(i\\) \u6307\u5411\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u8d8a\u754c\u3002</li> <li>\u5143\u7d20 <code>nums[i]</code> \u4e0e <code>target</code> \u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_edge.py<pre><code>def binary_search_left_edge(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target\"\"\"\n# \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\ni = binary_search_insertion(nums, target)\n# \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif i == len(nums) or nums[i] != target:\nreturn -1\n# \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.cpp<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchLeftEdge(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\nint i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target);\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i == nums.size() || nums[i] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.java<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchLeftEdge(int[] nums, int target) {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\nint i = binary_search_insertion.binarySearchInsertion(nums, target);\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i == nums.length || nums[i] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.cs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchLeftEdge(int[] nums, int target) {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\nint i = binary_search_insertion.binarySearchInsertion(nums, target);\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i == nums.Length || nums[i] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.go<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfunc binarySearchLeftEdge(nums []int, target int) int {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\ni := binarySearchInsertion(nums, target)\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif i == len(nums) || nums[i] != target {\nreturn -1\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.swift<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfunc binarySearchLeftEdge(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\nlet i = binarySearchInsertion(nums: nums, target: target)\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif i == nums.count || nums[i] != target {\nreturn -1\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.js<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfunction binarySearchLeftEdge(nums, target) {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\nconst i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target);\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i === nums.length || nums[i] !== target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.ts<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfunction binarySearchLeftEdge(nums: Array&lt;number&gt;, target: number): number {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\nconst i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target);\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i === nums.length || nums[i] !== target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.dart<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchLeftEdge(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\nint i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target);\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i == nums.length || nums[i] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.rs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfn binary_search_left_edge(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\nlet i = binary_search_insertion(nums, target);\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif i == nums.len() as i32 || nums[i as usize] != target {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\ni\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.c<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchLeftEdge(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {\n// \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e target \u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\nint i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, numSize, target);\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (i == numSize || nums[i] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/#1032","title":"10.3.2 \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c","text":"<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u5462\uff1f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u5728 <code>nums[m] == target</code> \u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6536\u7f29\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u6b64\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e24\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u53d6\u5de7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u590d\u7528\u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c","text":"<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a\u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target + 1</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 10-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u6307\u5411\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target + 1</code>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\uff09\uff0c\u800c \\(j\\) \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd4\u56de \\(j\\) \u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-7 \u00a0 \u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c </p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u662f \\(i\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u51cf \\(1\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97 \\(j\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_edge.py<pre><code>def binary_search_right_edge(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target\"\"\"\n# \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\ni = binary_search_insertion(nums, target + 1)\n# j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nj = i - 1\n# \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif j == -1 or nums[j] != target:\nreturn -1\n# \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.cpp<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchRightEdge(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\nint i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target + 1);\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nint j = i - 1;\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (j == -1 || nums[j] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.java<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchRightEdge(int[] nums, int target) {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\nint i = binary_search_insertion.binarySearchInsertion(nums, target + 1);\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nint j = i - 1;\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (j == -1 || nums[j] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.cs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchRightEdge(int[] nums, int target) {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\nint i = binary_search_insertion.binarySearchInsertion(nums, target + 1);\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nint j = i - 1;\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (j == -1 || nums[j] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.go<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfunc binarySearchRightEdge(nums []int, target int) int {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\ni := binarySearchInsertion(nums, target+1)\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nj := i - 1\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif j == -1 || nums[j] != target {\nreturn -1\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.swift<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfunc binarySearchRightEdge(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\nlet i = binarySearchInsertion(nums: nums, target: target + 1)\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nlet j = i - 1\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif j == -1 || nums[j] != target {\nreturn -1\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.js<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfunction binarySearchRightEdge(nums, target) {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\nconst i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target + 1);\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nconst j = i - 1;\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (j === -1 || nums[j] !== target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.ts<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfunction binarySearchRightEdge(nums: Array&lt;number&gt;, target: number): number {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\nconst i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target + 1);\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nconst j = i - 1;\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (j === -1 || nums[j] !== target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.dart<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchRightEdge(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\nint i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target + 1);\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nint j = i - 1;\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (j == -1 || nums[j] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.rs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nfn binary_search_right_edge(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\nlet i = binary_search_insertion(nums, target + 1);\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nlet j = i - 1;\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif j == -1 || nums[j as usize] != target {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nj\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.c<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target */\nint binarySearchRightEdge(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {\n// \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a target + 1\nint i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, numSize, target + 1);\n// j \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a target \uff0ci \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\nint j = i - 1;\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de -1\nif (j == -1 || nums[j] != target) {\nreturn -1;\n}\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 j\nreturn j;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f1a\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 10-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e <code>target - 0.5</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e <code>target + 0.5</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u9488 \\(j\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-8 \u00a0 \u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\u754c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 </p> <p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u6b64\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5c0f\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u5173\u5fc3\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</li> <li>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5c0f\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf <code>target</code> \u6539\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/","title":"10.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9","text":"<p>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u53d8\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/#1021","title":"10.2.1 \u00a0 \u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u73b0\u5c06 <code>target</code> \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u3002\u82e5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u5219\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5176\u5de6\u65b9\u3002\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u540e <code>target</code> \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u590d\u7528\u4e0a\u8282\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\uff1a\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u5426\u662f\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f</p> <p>\u9898\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u5c06 <code>target</code> \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u7684 <code>target</code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e86\u539f\u6765 <code>target</code> \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5c31\u662f\u8be5 <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u95ee\u9898\u4e8c\uff1a\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f</p> <p>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u601d\u8003\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u5f53 <code>nums[m] &lt; target</code> \u65f6 \\(i\\) \u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u5728\u5411\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u9760\u8fd1\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u6307\u9488 \\(j\\) \u59cb\u7ec8\u5728\u5411\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u9760\u8fd1\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8c\u5206\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\uff1a\\(i\\) \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\\(j\\) \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6613\u5f97\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(i\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_insertion.py<pre><code>def binary_search_insertion_simple(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09\"\"\"\ni, j = 0, len(nums) - 1  # \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile i &lt;= j:\nm = (i + j) // 2  # \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target:\ni = m + 1  # target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\nelif nums[m] &gt; target:\nj = m - 1  # target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nelse:\nreturn m  # \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\n# \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.cpp<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertionSimple(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = nums.size() - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nreturn m; // \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.java<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertionSimple(int[] nums, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = nums.length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nreturn m; // \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.cs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertionSimple(int[] nums, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = nums.Length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nreturn m; // \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.go<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nfunc binarySearchInsertionSimple(nums []int, target int) int {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\ni, j := 0, len(nums)-1\nfor i &lt;= j {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nm := i + (j-i)/2\nif nums[m] &lt; target {\n// target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target {\n// target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\nreturn m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.swift<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nfunc binarySearchInsertionSimple(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar i = 0, j = nums.count - 1 // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile i &lt;= j {\nlet m = i + (j - i) / 2 // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target {\ni = m + 1 // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target {\nj = m - 1 // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nreturn m // \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.js<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nfunction binarySearchInsertionSimple(nums, target) {\nlet i = 0,\nj = nums.length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nconst m = Math.floor(i + (j - i) / 2); // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m, \u4f7f\u7528 Math.floor() \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nreturn m; // \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.ts<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nfunction binarySearchInsertionSimple(\nnums: Array&lt;number&gt;,\ntarget: number\n): number {\nlet i = 0,\nj = nums.length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nconst m = Math.floor(i + (j - i) / 2); // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m, \u4f7f\u7528 Math.floor() \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nreturn m; // \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.dart<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertionSimple(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = nums.length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) ~/ 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nreturn m; // \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.rs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\npub fn binary_search_insertion(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet (mut i, mut j) = (0, nums.len() as i32 - 1);    // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile i &lt;= j {\nlet m = i + (j - i) / 2;    // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m as usize] &lt; target {\ni = m + 1;  // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if nums[m as usize] &gt; target {\nj = m - 1;  // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1;  // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\ni\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.c<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertionSimple(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = numSize - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nreturn m; // \u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 m\n}\n}\n// \u672a\u627e\u5230 target \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/#1022","title":"10.2.2 \u00a0 \u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002</p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff0c\u5219\u666e\u901a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u53ea\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u53f3\u8fb9\u8fd8\u6709\u591a\u5c11 <code>target</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u9898\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u521d\u6b65\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe 10-5 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u6267\u884c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(k\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15 \\(k\\) \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5411\u5de6\u8fdb\u884c\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5f53\u627e\u5230\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684 <code>target</code> \u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-5 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 </p> <p>\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5305\u542b\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u590d\u7684 <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u8003\u8651\u62d3\u5c55\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5982\u56fe 10-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 \\(m\\) \uff0c\u518d\u5224\u65ad <code>target</code> \u548c <code>nums[m]</code> \u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] &lt; target</code> \u6216 <code>nums[m] &gt; target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u91c7\u7528\u666e\u901a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u7f29\u5c0f\u533a\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u5411 <code>target</code> \u9760\u8fd1\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] == target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, m - 1]\\) \u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u91c7\u7528 \\(j = m - 1\\) \u6765\u7f29\u5c0f\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6307\u9488 \\(j\\) \u5411\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u9760\u8fd1\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\\(i\\) \u6307\u5411\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684 <code>target</code> \uff0c\\(j\\) \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u5c31\u662f\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-6 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u5206\u652f <code>nums[m] &gt; target</code> \u548c <code>nums[m] == target</code> \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p> <p>\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5224\u65ad\u6761\u4ef6\u4fdd\u6301\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u903b\u8f91\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_insertion.py<pre><code>def binary_search_insertion(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09\"\"\"\ni, j = 0, len(nums) - 1  # \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile i &lt;= j:\nm = (i + j) // 2  # \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target:\ni = m + 1  # target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\nelif nums[m] &gt; target:\nj = m - 1  # target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nelse:\nj = m - 1  # \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.cpp<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertion(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = nums.size() - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1; // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.java<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertion(int[] nums, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = nums.length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1; // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.cs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertion(int[] nums, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = nums.Length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1; // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.go<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nfunc binarySearchInsertion(nums []int, target int) int {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\ni, j := 0, len(nums)-1\nfor i &lt;= j {\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nm := i + (j-i)/2\nif nums[m] &lt; target {\n// target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\ni = m + 1\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target {\n// target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1\n} else {\n// \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\nj = m - 1\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.swift<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nfunc binarySearchInsertion(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; Int {\nvar i = 0, j = nums.count - 1 // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile i &lt;= j {\nlet m = i + (j - i) / 2 // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m] &lt; target {\ni = m + 1 // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if nums[m] &gt; target {\nj = m - 1 // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1 // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.js<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nfunction binarySearchInsertion(nums, target) {\nlet i = 0,\nj = nums.length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nconst m = Math.floor(i + (j - i) / 2); // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m, \u4f7f\u7528 Math.floor() \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1; // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.ts<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nfunction binarySearchInsertion(nums: Array&lt;number&gt;, target: number): number {\nlet i = 0,\nj = nums.length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nconst m = Math.floor(i + (j - i) / 2); // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m, \u4f7f\u7528 Math.floor() \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1; // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.dart<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertion(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = nums.length - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) ~/ 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1; // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.rs<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\npub fn binary_search_insertion(nums: &amp;[i32], target: i32) -&gt; i32 {\nlet (mut i, mut j) = (0, nums.len() as i32 - 1);    // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile i &lt;= j {\nlet m = i + (j - i) / 2;    // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif nums[m as usize] &lt; target {\ni = m + 1;  // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if nums[m as usize] &gt; target {\nj = m - 1;  // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1;  // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\ni\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.c<pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff09 */\nint binarySearchInsertion(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {\nint i = 0, j = numSize - 1; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4 [0, n-1]\nwhile (i &lt;= j) {\nint m = i + (j - i) / 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 m\nif (nums[m] &lt; target) {\ni = m + 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [m+1, j] \u4e2d\n} else if (nums[m] &gt; target) {\nj = m - 1; // target \u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n} else {\nj = m - 1; // \u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e target \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 [i, m-1] \u4e2d\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 i\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u201d\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u201d\u5199\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u65e0\u975e\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u5206\u522b\u8bbe\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 <code>target</code> \uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u4e8c\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u90fd\u9010\u6e10\u903c\u8fd1\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6216\u662f\u6210\u529f\u627e\u5230\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8d8a\u8fc7\u8fb9\u754c\u540e\u505c\u6b62\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/","title":"10.4 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565","text":"<p>\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u6765\u964d\u4f4e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u6765\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u201c\u548c\u201d\u4e3a <code>target</code> \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/#1041","title":"10.4.1 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4","text":"<p>\u8003\u8651\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u5982\u56fe 10-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u5224\u65ad\u4e24\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u7684\u548c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a <code>target</code> \uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-9 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u6c42\u89e3\u4e24\u6570\u4e4b\u548c </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig two_sum.py<pre><code>def two_sum_brute_force(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e\"\"\"\n# \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor i in range(len(nums) - 1):\nfor j in range(i + 1, len(nums)):\nif nums[i] + nums[j] == target:\nreturn [i, j]\nreturn []\n</code></pre> two_sum.cpp<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\nvector&lt;int&gt; twoSumBruteForce(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\nint size = nums.size();\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size - 1; i++) {\nfor (int j = i + 1; j &lt; size; j++) {\nif (nums[i] + nums[j] == target)\nreturn {i, j};\n}\n}\nreturn {};\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.java<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\nint[] twoSumBruteForce(int[] nums, int target) {\nint size = nums.length;\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size - 1; i++) {\nfor (int j = i + 1; j &lt; size; j++) {\nif (nums[i] + nums[j] == target)\nreturn new int[] { i, j };\n}\n}\nreturn new int[0];\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.cs<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\nint[] twoSumBruteForce(int[] nums, int target) {\nint size = nums.Length;\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size - 1; i++) {\nfor (int j = i + 1; j &lt; size; j++) {\nif (nums[i] + nums[j] == target)\nreturn new int[] { i, j };\n}\n}\nreturn Array.Empty&lt;int&gt;();\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.go<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\nfunc twoSumBruteForce(nums []int, target int) []int {\nsize := len(nums)\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; size-1; i++ {\nfor j := i + 1; i &lt; size; j++ {\nif nums[i]+nums[j] == target {\nreturn []int{i, j}\n}\n}\n}\nreturn nil\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.swift<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\nfunc twoSumBruteForce(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; [Int] {\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor i in nums.indices.dropLast() {\nfor j in nums.indices.dropFirst(i + 1) {\nif nums[i] + nums[j] == target {\nreturn [i, j]\n}\n}\n}\nreturn [0]\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.js<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\nfunction twoSumBruteForce(nums, target) {\nconst n = nums.length;\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (let j = i + 1; j &lt; n; j++) {\nif (nums[i] + nums[j] === target) {\nreturn [i, j];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn [];\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.ts<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\nfunction twoSumBruteForce(nums: number[], target: number): number[] {\nconst n = nums.length;\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfor (let j = i + 1; j &lt; n; j++) {\nif (nums[i] + nums[j] === target) {\nreturn [i, j];\n}\n}\n}\nreturn [];\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.dart<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a \u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\nList&lt;int&gt; twoSumBruteForce(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\nint size = nums.length;\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; size - 1; i++) {\nfor (var j = i + 1; j &lt; size; j++) {\nif (nums[i] + nums[j] == target) return [i, j];\n}\n}\nreturn [0];\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.rs<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\npub fn two_sum_brute_force(nums: &amp;Vec&lt;i32&gt;, target: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt; {\nlet size = nums.len();\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nfor i in 0..size - 1 {\nfor j in i + 1..size {\nif nums[i] + nums[j] == target {\nreturn Some(vec![i as i32, j as i32]);\n}\n}\n}\nNone\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.c<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e */\nint *twoSumBruteForce(int *nums, int numsSize, int target, int *returnSize) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; numsSize; ++i) {\nfor (int j = i + 1; j &lt; numsSize; ++j) {\nif (nums[i] + nums[j] == target) {\nint *res = malloc(sizeof(int) * 2);\nres[0] = i, res[1] = j;\n*returnSize = 2;\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n}\n*returnSize = 0;\nreturn NULL;\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.zig<pre><code>// \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u679a\u4e3e\nfn twoSumBruteForce(nums: []i32, target: i32) ?[2]i32 {\nvar size: usize = nums.len;\nvar i: usize = 0;\n// \u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n^2)\nwhile (i &lt; size - 1) : (i += 1) {\nvar j = i + 1;\nwhile (j &lt; size) : (j += 1) {\nif (nums[i] + nums[j] == target) {\nreturn [_]i32{@intCast(i), @intCast(j)};\n}\n}\n}\nreturn null;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff0c\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/#1042","title":"10.4.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4","text":"<p>\u8003\u8651\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u6267\u884c\u56fe 10-10 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u5b57 <code>target - nums[i]</code> \u662f\u5426\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 <code>nums[i]</code> \u548c\u7d22\u5f15 <code>i</code> \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-10 \u00a0 \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6c42\u89e3\u4e24\u6570\u4e4b\u548c </p> <p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700\u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig two_sum.py<pre><code>def two_sum_hash_table(nums: list[int], target: int) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\"\"\"\n# \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\ndic = {}\n# \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor i in range(len(nums)):\nif target - nums[i] in dic:\nreturn [dic[target - nums[i]], i]\ndic[nums[i]] = i\nreturn []\n</code></pre> two_sum.cpp<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; twoSumHashTable(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int target) {\nint size = nums.size();\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nunordered_map&lt;int, int&gt; dic;\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nif (dic.find(target - nums[i]) != dic.end()) {\nreturn {dic[target - nums[i]], i};\n}\ndic.emplace(nums[i], i);\n}\nreturn {};\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.java<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nint[] twoSumHashTable(int[] nums, int target) {\nint size = nums.length;\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nMap&lt;Integer, Integer&gt; dic = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nif (dic.containsKey(target - nums[i])) {\nreturn new int[] { dic.get(target - nums[i]), i };\n}\ndic.put(nums[i], i);\n}\nreturn new int[0];\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.cs<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nint[] twoSumHashTable(int[] nums, int target) {\nint size = nums.Length;\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nDictionary&lt;int, int&gt; dic = new();\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nif (dic.ContainsKey(target - nums[i])) {\nreturn new int[] { dic[target - nums[i]], i };\n}\ndic.Add(nums[i], i);\n}\nreturn Array.Empty&lt;int&gt;();\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.go<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc twoSumHashTable(nums []int, target int) []int {\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nhashTable := map[int]int{}\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor idx, val := range nums {\nif preIdx, ok := hashTable[target-val]; ok {\nreturn []int{preIdx, idx}\n}\nhashTable[val] = idx\n}\nreturn nil\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.swift<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunc twoSumHashTable(nums: [Int], target: Int) -&gt; [Int] {\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nvar dic: [Int: Int] = [:]\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor i in nums.indices {\nif let j = dic[target - nums[i]] {\nreturn [j, i]\n}\ndic[nums[i]] = i\n}\nreturn [0]\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.js<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunction twoSumHashTable(nums, target) {\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nlet m = {};\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nif (m[target - nums[i]] !== undefined) {\nreturn [m[target - nums[i]], i];\n} else {\nm[nums[i]] = i;\n}\n}\nreturn [];\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.ts<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nfunction twoSumHashTable(nums: number[], target: number): number[] {\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nlet m: Map&lt;number, number&gt; = new Map();\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nlet index = m.get(target - nums[i]);\nif (index !== undefined) {\nreturn [index, i];\n} else {\nm.set(nums[i], i);\n}\n}\nreturn [];\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.dart<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nList&lt;int&gt; twoSumHashTable(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int target) {\nint size = nums.length;\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nMap&lt;int, int&gt; dic = HashMap();\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor (var i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nif (dic.containsKey(target - nums[i])) {\nreturn [dic[target - nums[i]]!, i];\n}\ndic.putIfAbsent(nums[i], () =&gt; i);\n}\nreturn [0];\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.rs<pre><code>/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\npub fn two_sum_hash_table(nums: &amp;Vec&lt;i32&gt;, target: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt; {\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nlet mut dic = HashMap::new();\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nfor (i, num) in nums.iter().enumerate() {\nmatch dic.get(&amp;(target - num)) {\nSome(v) =&gt; return Some(vec![*v as i32, i as i32]),\nNone =&gt; dic.insert(num, i as i32)\n};\n}\nNone\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.c<pre><code>/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nstruct hashTable {\nint key;\nint val;\nUT_hash_handle hh; // \u57fa\u4e8e uthash.h \u5b9e\u73b0\n};\ntypedef struct hashTable hashTable;\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u67e5\u8be2 */\nhashTable *find(hashTable *h, int key) {\nhashTable *tmp;\nHASH_FIND_INT(h, &amp;key, tmp);\nreturn tmp;\n}\n/* \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165 */\nvoid insert(hashTable *h, int key, int val) {\nhashTable *t = find(h, key);\nif (t == NULL) {\nhashTable *tmp = malloc(sizeof(hashTable));\ntmp-&gt;key = key, tmp-&gt;val = val;\nHASH_ADD_INT(h, key, tmp);\n} else {\nt-&gt;val = val;\n}\n}\n/* \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nint *twoSumHashTable(int *nums, int numsSize, int target, int *returnSize) {\nhashTable *hashtable = NULL;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; numsSize; i++) {\nhashTable *t = find(hashtable, target - nums[i]);\nif (t != NULL) {\nint *res = malloc(sizeof(int) * 2);\nres[0] = t-&gt;val, res[1] = i;\n*returnSize = 2;\nreturn res;\n}\ninsert(hashtable, nums[i], i);\n}\n*returnSize = 0;\nreturn NULL;\n}\n</code></pre> two_sum.zig<pre><code>// \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nfn twoSumHashTable(nums: []i32, target: i32) !?[2]i32 {\nvar size: usize = nums.len;\n// \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nvar dic = std.AutoHashMap(i32, i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer dic.deinit();\nvar i: usize = 0;\n// \u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nwhile (i &lt; size) : (i += 1) {\nif (dic.contains(target - nums[i])) {\nreturn [_]i32{dic.get(target - nums[i]).?, @intCast(i)};\n}\ntry dic.put(nums[i], @intCast(i));\n}\nreturn null;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n^2)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u65f6\u7a7a\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u4e3a\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u662f\u672c\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/","title":"10.5 \u00a0 \u91cd\u8bc6\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5 searching algorithm\u300d\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6811\u6216\u56fe\uff09\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u73b0\u601d\u8def\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6811\u548c\u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u90fd\u5df2\u5728\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u5e76\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u3002\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ece\u66f4\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/#1051","title":"10.5.1 \u00a0 \u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u5230\u8fbe\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u4ecd\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u662f\u56fe\u548c\u6811\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u5c42\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u662f\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u8d70\u5230\u5934\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u518d\u56de\u6eaf\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u901a\u7528\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u505a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u548c\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u5dee\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/#1052","title":"10.5.2 \u00a0 \u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff09\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u5229\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u7acb\u4e3a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6b64\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u751a\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u652f\u3002</p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/#1053","title":"10.5.3 \u00a0 \u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\u9009\u53d6","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u5982\u56fe 10-11 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-11 \u00a0 \u591a\u79cd\u641c\u7d22\u7b56\u7565 </p> <p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u7279\u6027\u5982\u8868 10-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 10-1 \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e \u6811\u67e5\u627e \u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406 / \u6392\u5e8f \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u5efa\u6811 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u5efa\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 \\(O(n)\\) \u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5e8f \u65e0\u5e8f \u6709\u5e8f \u6709\u5e8f \u65e0\u5e8f <p>\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u8fd8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u91cf\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22</p> <ul> <li>\u901a\u7528\u6027\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u9700\u67e5\u8be2\u4e00\u6b21\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u8981\u66f4\u957f\u3002</li> <li>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4f53\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6548\u7387\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e</p> <ul> <li>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u8868\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u589e\u5220\u6570\u636e\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ef4\u62a4\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u8f83\u5927\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e</p> <ul> <li>\u9002\u5408\u5bf9\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u6216\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ef4\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u52a3\u5316\u98ce\u9669\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6811\u67e5\u627e</p> <ul> <li>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u662f\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u6216\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u5220\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u503e\u659c\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528 AVL \u6811\u6216\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\uff0c\u5219\u5404\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u5728 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u6548\u7387\u4e0b\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u7ef4\u62a4\u6811\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u5f00\u9500\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/summary/","title":"10.6 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u9010\u6b65\u7f29\u51cf\u4e00\u534a\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u67e5\u627e\u3002\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6709\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e14\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u548c\u6811\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u7528\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \u8f83\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u751a\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u91cf\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u5177\u4f53\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u6216\u9891\u7e41\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u9002\u5408\u5bf9\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u4e14\u65e0\u987b\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u652f\u6301\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5927\u578b\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u66ff\u6362\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/","title":"\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6392\u5e8f\u72b9\u5982\u4e00\u628a\u5c06\u6df7\u4e71\u53d8\u4e3a\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u9b54\u6cd5\u94a5\u5319\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002</p> <p>\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5347\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u90fd\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u548c\u8c10\u7f8e\u611f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>11.1 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>11.2 \u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.3 \u00a0 \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.4 \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.5 \u00a0 \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.6 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.7 \u00a0 \u5806\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.8 \u00a0 \u6876\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.9 \u00a0 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.10 \u00a0 \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.11 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/","title":"11.3 \u00a0 \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f bubble sort\u300d\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u4ea4\u6362\u76f8\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u50cf\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ece\u5e95\u90e8\u5347\u5230\u9876\u90e8\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f97\u540d\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 11-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u6a21\u62df\uff1a\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u53f3\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u201c\u5de6\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5143\u7d20\u201d\u5c31\u4ea4\u6362\u5b83\u4fe9\u3002\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-4 \u00a0 \u5229\u7528\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u62df\u5192\u6ce1 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/#1131","title":"11.3.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u56fe 11-5 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bf9 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c</li> <li>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5bf9\u5269\u4f59 \\(n - 1\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7 \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u540e\uff0c\u524d \\(n - 1\\) \u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u4ec5\u5269\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6570\u7ec4\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-5 \u00a0 \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig bubble_sort.py<pre><code>def bubble_sort(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\nn = len(nums)\n# \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i in range(n - 1, 0, -1):\n# \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor j in range(i):\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]:\n# \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nnums[j], nums[j + 1] = nums[j + 1], nums[j]\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bubbleSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.size() - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\n// \u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 std::swap() \u51fd\u6570\nswap(nums[j], nums[j + 1]);\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bubbleSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bubbleSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.Length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc bubbleSort(nums []int) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i := len(nums) - 1; i &gt; 0; i-- {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor j := 0; j &lt; i; j++ {\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j+1] {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nnums[j], nums[j+1] = nums[j+1], nums[j]\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc bubbleSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, to: 0, by: -1) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nfor j in stride(from: 0, to: i, by: 1) {\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1] {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j]\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1]\nnums[j + 1] = tmp\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction bubbleSort(nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction bubbleSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bubbleSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nfn bubble_sort(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i in (1..nums.len()).rev() {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nfor j in 0..i {\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1] {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bubbleSort(int nums[], int size) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size - 1; i++) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; size - 1 - i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\nint temp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = temp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.zig<pre><code>// \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\nfn bubbleSort(nums: []i32) void {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nvar i: usize = nums.len - 1;\nwhile (i &gt; 0) : (i -= 1) {\nvar j: usize = 0;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nwhile (j &lt; i) : (j += 1) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nvar tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/#1132","title":"11.3.2 \u00a0 \u6548\u7387\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u8f6e\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d <code>flag</code> \u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73b0\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</p> <p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u5dee\u548c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff1b\u4f46\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig bubble_sort.py<pre><code>def bubble_sort_with_flag(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09\"\"\"\nn = len(nums)\n# \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i in range(n - 1, 0, -1):\nflag = False  # \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\n# \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor j in range(i):\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]:\n# \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nnums[j], nums[j + 1] = nums[j + 1], nums[j]\nflag = True  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\nif not flag:\nbreak  # \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09*/\nvoid bubbleSortWithFlag(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.size() - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\nbool flag = false; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\n// \u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 std::swap() \u51fd\u6570\nswap(nums[j], nums[j + 1]);\nflag = true; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\n}\n}\nif (!flag)\nbreak; // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\nvoid bubbleSortWithFlag(int[] nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\nboolean flag = false; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\nflag = true; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\n}\n}\nif (!flag)\nbreak; // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09*/\nvoid bubbleSortWithFlag(int[] nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.Length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\nbool flag = false; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\nflag = true;  // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\n}\n}\nif (!flag) break;     // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09*/\nfunc bubbleSortWithFlag(nums []int) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i := len(nums) - 1; i &gt; 0; i-- {\nflag := false // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor j := 0; j &lt; i; j++ {\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j+1] {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nnums[j], nums[j+1] = nums[j+1], nums[j]\nflag = true // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\n}\n}\nif flag == false { // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\nbreak\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09*/\nfunc bubbleSortWithFlag(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, to: 0, by: -1) {\nvar flag = false // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\nfor j in stride(from: 0, to: i, by: 1) {\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1] {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j]\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1]\nnums[j + 1] = tmp\nflag = true // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\n}\n}\nif !flag { // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\nbreak\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09*/\nfunction bubbleSortWithFlag(nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\nlet flag = false; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\nflag = true; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\n}\n}\nif (!flag) break; // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09*/\nfunction bubbleSortWithFlag(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\nlet flag = false; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\nflag = true; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\n}\n}\nif (!flag) break; // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09*/\nvoid bubbleSortWithFlag(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\nbool flag = false; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nint tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\nflag = true; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\n}\n}\nif (!flag) break; // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\nfn bubble_sort_with_flag(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i in (1..nums.len()).rev() {\nlet mut flag = false; // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nfor j in 0..i {\nif nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1] {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nlet tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\nflag = true;  // \u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u5143\u7d20\n}\n}\nif !flag {break};  // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09*/\nvoid bubbleSortWithFlag(int nums[], int size) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size - 1; i++) {\nbool flag = false;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; size - 1 - i; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\nint temp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = temp;\nflag = true;\n}\n}\nif (!flag)\nbreak;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.zig<pre><code>// \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6807\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\uff09\nfn bubbleSortWithFlag(nums: []i32) void {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nvar i: usize = nums.len - 1;\nwhile (i &gt; 0) : (i -= 1) {\nvar flag = false;   // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\nvar j: usize = 0;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i] \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef \nwhile (j &lt; i) : (j += 1) {\nif (nums[j] &gt; nums[j + 1]) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362 nums[j] \u4e0e nums[j + 1]\nvar tmp = nums[j];\nnums[j] = nums[j + 1];\nnums[j + 1] = tmp;\nflag = true;\n}\n}\nif (!flag) break;   // \u6b64\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u672a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/#1133","title":"11.3.3 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5404\u8f6e\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u904d\u5386\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a \\(n - 1\\)\u3001\\(n - 2\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \uff0c\u603b\u548c\u4e3a \\((n - 1) n / 2\\) \u3002\u5728\u5f15\u5165 <code>flag</code> \u4f18\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/","title":"11.8 \u00a0 \u6876\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u524d\u8ff0\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u5143\u7d20\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u65e0\u6cd5\u8d85\u8d8a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u51e0\u79cd\u201c\u975e\u6bd4\u8f83\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u6876\u6392\u5e8f bucket sort\u300d\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff1b\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u522b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff1b\u6700\u7ec8\u6309\u7167\u6876\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/#1181","title":"11.8.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u8303\u56f4 \\([0, 1)\\) \u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3002\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-13 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u5c06 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u522b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u672c\u6587\u91c7\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u6309\u7167\u6876\u7684\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-13 \u00a0 \u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig bucket_sort.py<pre><code>def bucket_sort(nums: list[float]):\n\"\"\"\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nk = len(nums) // 2\nbuckets = [[] for _ in range(k)]\n# 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor num in nums:\n# \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\ni = int(num * k)\n# \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].append(num)\n# 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor bucket in buckets:\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort()\n# 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\ni = 0\nfor bucket in buckets:\nfor num in bucket:\nnums[i] = num\ni += 1\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(vector&lt;float&gt; &amp;nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.size() / 2;\nvector&lt;vector&lt;float&gt;&gt; buckets(k);\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (float num : nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = num * k;\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 bucket_idx\nbuckets[i].push_back(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (vector&lt;float&gt; &amp;bucket : buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nsort(bucket.begin(), bucket.end());\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint i = 0;\nfor (vector&lt;float&gt; &amp;bucket : buckets) {\nfor (float num : bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(float[] nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.length / 2;\nList&lt;List&lt;Float&gt;&gt; buckets = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\nbuckets.add(new ArrayList&lt;&gt;());\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (float num : nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = (int) (num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets.get(i).add(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (List&lt;Float&gt; bucket : buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nCollections.sort(bucket);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint i = 0;\nfor (List&lt;Float&gt; bucket : buckets) {\nfor (float num : bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(float[] nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.Length / 2;\nList&lt;List&lt;float&gt;&gt; buckets = new List&lt;List&lt;float&gt;&gt;();\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\nbuckets.Add(new List&lt;float&gt;());\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nforeach (float num in nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = (int)(num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].Add(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nforeach (List&lt;float&gt; bucket in buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.Sort();\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint j = 0;\nforeach (List&lt;float&gt; bucket in buckets) {\nforeach (float num in bucket) {\nnums[j++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc bucketSort(nums []float64) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nk := len(nums) / 2\nbuckets := make([][]float64, k)\nfor i := 0; i &lt; k; i++ {\nbuckets[i] = make([]float64, 0)\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor _, num := range nums {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\ni := int(num * float64(k))\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i] = append(buckets[i], num)\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor i := 0; i &lt; k; i++ {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u5207\u7247\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nsort.Float64s(buckets[i])\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\ni := 0\nfor _, bucket := range buckets {\nfor _, num := range bucket {\nnums[i] = num\ni++\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc bucketSort(nums: inout [Double]) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nlet k = nums.count / 2\nvar buckets = (0 ..&lt; k).map { _ in [Double]() }\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor num in nums {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nlet i = Int(num * Double(k))\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].append(num)\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor i in buckets.indices {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbuckets[i].sort()\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nvar i = nums.startIndex\nfor bucket in buckets {\nfor num in bucket {\nnums[i] = num\nnums.formIndex(after: &amp;i)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction bucketSort(nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nconst k = nums.length / 2;\nconst buckets = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\nbuckets.push([]);\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (const num of nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nconst i = Math.floor(num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].push(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nlet i = 0;\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\nfor (const num of bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction bucketSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nconst k = nums.length / 2;\nconst buckets: number[][] = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\nbuckets.push([]);\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (const num of nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nconst i = Math.floor(num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].push(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nlet i = 0;\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\nfor (const num of bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(List&lt;double&gt; nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.length ~/ 2;\nList&lt;List&lt;double&gt;&gt; buckets = List.generate(k, (index) =&gt; []);\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (double num in nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = (num * k).toInt();\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 bucket_idx\nbuckets[i].add(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (List&lt;double&gt; bucket in buckets) {\nbucket.sort();\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint i = 0;\nfor (List&lt;double&gt; bucket in buckets) {\nfor (double num in bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfn bucket_sort(nums: &amp;mut [f64]) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nlet k = nums.len() / 2;\nlet mut buckets = vec![vec![]; k];\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor &amp;mut num in &amp;mut *nums {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nlet i = (num * k as f64) as usize;\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].push(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor bucket in &amp;mut buckets {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort_by(|a, b| a.partial_cmp(b).unwrap());\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nlet mut i = 0;\nfor bucket in &amp;mut buckets {\nfor &amp;mut num in bucket {\nnums[i] = num;\ni += 1;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(float nums[], int size) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = size / 2;\nfloat **buckets = calloc(k, sizeof(float *));\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\n// \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nbuckets[i] = calloc(ARRAY_SIZE, sizeof(float));\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint bucket_idx = nums[i] * k;\nint j = 0;\n// \u5982\u679c\u6876\u4e2d\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4e14\u6570\u636e\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u503c nums[i], \u8981\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6876\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e cpp \u4e2d\u7684 push_back\nwhile (buckets[bucket_idx][j] &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; buckets[bucket_idx][j] &lt; nums[i]) {\nj++;\n}\nfloat temp = nums[i];\nwhile (j &lt; ARRAY_SIZE &amp;&amp; buckets[bucket_idx][j] &gt; 0) {\nswap(&amp;temp, &amp;buckets[bucket_idx][j]);\nj++;\n}\nbuckets[bucket_idx][j] = temp;\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\nqsort(buckets[i], ARRAY_SIZE, sizeof(float), compare_float);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nfor (int i = 0, j = 0; j &lt; k; j++) {\nfor (int l = 0; l &lt; ARRAY_SIZE; l++) {\nif (buckets[j][l] &gt; 0) {\nnums[i++] = buckets[j][l];\n}\n}\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; k; i++) {\nfree(buckets[i]);\n}\nfree(buckets);\n}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/#1182","title":"11.8.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<p>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u4f53\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e07\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f4\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6210 1000 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + k)\\) \uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(\\frac{n}{k}\\) \u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6392\u5e8f\u5355\u4e2a\u6876\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\frac{n}{k} \\log\\frac{n}{k})\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5219\u6392\u5e8f\u6240\u6709\u6876\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n \\log\\frac{n}{k})\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5f53\u6876\u6570\u91cf \\(k\\) \u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5219\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u6876\u548c\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u82b1\u8d39 \\(O(n + k)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e14\u6392\u5e8f\u8be5\u6876\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + k)\\)\u3001\u975e\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u6876\u548c\u603b\u5171 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u7a33\u5b9a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u6876\u5185\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/#1183","title":"11.8.3 \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d","text":"<p>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u5300\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u6dd8\u5b9d\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5546\u54c1\u6309\u4ef7\u683c\u8303\u56f4\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5230 10 \u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u5747\uff0c\u4f4e\u4e8e 100 \u5143\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e8e 1000 \u5143\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u5c11\u3002\u82e5\u5c06\u4ef7\u683c\u533a\u95f4\u5e73\u5747\u5212\u5206\u4e3a 10 \u4efd\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u6570\u91cf\u5dee\u8ddd\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7c97\u7565\u5730\u5206\u5230 3 \u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u3002\u5206\u914d\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5546\u54c1\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u6876\u7ee7\u7eed\u5212\u5206\u4e3a 3 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u6876\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 11-14 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5e73\u5747\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5212\u5206\u4e3a 3 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5212\u5206\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7279\u70b9\u7075\u6d3b\u9009\u62e9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-14 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u5212\u5206\u6876 </p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u7279\u610f\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7279\u70b9\u91c7\u7528\u67d0\u79cd\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 11-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u670d\u4ece\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u5730\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4ef7\u683c\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u5546\u54c1\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-15 \u00a0 \u6839\u636e\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u5212\u5206\u6876 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/","title":"11.9 \u00a0 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f counting sort\u300d\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/#1191","title":"11.9.1 \u00a0 \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5148\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\u201d\uff0c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-16 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(m\\) \uff0c\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(m + 1\\) \u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4 <code>counter</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u501f\u52a9 <code>counter</code> \u7edf\u8ba1 <code>nums</code> \u4e2d\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>counter[num]</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u5b57 <code>num</code> \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u904d\u5386 <code>nums</code>\uff08\u8bbe\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u5b57\u4e3a <code>num</code>\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5c06 <code>counter[num]</code> \u589e\u52a0 \\(1\\) \u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> <li>\u7531\u4e8e <code>counter</code> \u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u5929\u7136\u6709\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u904d\u5386 <code>counter</code> \uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u6309\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u586b\u5165 <code>nums</code> \u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-16 \u00a0 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig counting_sort.py<pre><code>def counting_sort_naive(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\n# 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nm = 0\nfor num in nums:\nm = max(m, num)\n# 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n# counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\ncounter = [0] * (m + 1)\nfor num in nums:\ncounter[num] += 1\n# 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\ni = 0\nfor num in range(m + 1):\nfor _ in range(counter[num]):\nnums[i] = num\ni += 1\n</code></pre> counting_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nvoid countingSortNaive(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num : nums) {\nm = max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nvector&lt;int&gt; counter(m + 1, 0);\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nint i = 0;\nfor (int num = 0; num &lt; m + 1; num++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; counter[num]; j++, i++) {\nnums[i] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nvoid countingSortNaive(int[] nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num : nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint[] counter = new int[m + 1];\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nint i = 0;\nfor (int num = 0; num &lt; m + 1; num++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; counter[num]; j++, i++) {\nnums[i] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nvoid countingSortNaive(int[] nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nforeach (int num in nums) {\nm = Math.Max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint[] counter = new int[m + 1];\nforeach (int num in nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nint i = 0;\nfor (int num = 0; num &lt; m + 1; num++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; counter[num]; j++, i++) {\nnums[i] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nfunc countingSortNaive(nums []int) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nm := 0\nfor _, num := range nums {\nif num &gt; m {\nm = num\n}\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\ncounter := make([]int, m+1)\nfor _, num := range nums {\ncounter[num]++\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i, num := 0, 0; num &lt; m+1; num++ {\nfor j := 0; j &lt; counter[num]; j++ {\nnums[i] = num\ni++\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nfunc countingSortNaive(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = nums.max()!\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nvar counter = Array(repeating: 0, count: m + 1)\nfor num in nums {\ncounter[num] += 1\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nvar i = 0\nfor num in stride(from: 0, to: m + 1, by: 1) {\nfor _ in stride(from: 0, to: counter[num], by: 1) {\nnums[i] = num\ni += 1\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nfunction countingSortNaive(nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = 0;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nconst counter = new Array(m + 1).fill(0);\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nlet i = 0;\nfor (let num = 0; num &lt; m + 1; num++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; counter[num]; j++, i++) {\nnums[i] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nfunction countingSortNaive(nums: number[]): void {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = 0;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nconst counter: number[] = new Array&lt;number&gt;(m + 1).fill(0);\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nlet i = 0;\nfor (let num = 0; num &lt; m + 1; num++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; counter[num]; j++, i++) {\nnums[i] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nvoid countingSortNaive(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num in nums) {\nm = max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nList&lt;int&gt; counter = List.filled(m + 1, 0);\nfor (int num in nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nint i = 0;\nfor (int num = 0; num &lt; m + 1; num++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; counter[num]; j++, i++) {\nnums[i] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nfn counting_sort_naive(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = *nums.into_iter().max().unwrap();\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nlet mut counter = vec![0; m as usize + 1];\nfor &amp;num in &amp;*nums {\ncounter[num as usize] += 1;\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nlet mut i = 0;\nfor num in 0..m + 1 {\nfor _ in 0..counter[num as usize] {\nnums[i] = num;\ni += 1;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\nvoid countingSortNaive(int nums[], int size) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nif (nums[i] &gt; m) {\nm = nums[i];\n}\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint *counter = malloc(sizeof(int) * m);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\ncounter[nums[i]]++;\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386 counter \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nint i = 0;\nfor (int num = 0; num &lt; m + 1; num++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; counter[num]; j++, i++) {\nnums[i] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0e\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8054\u7cfb</p> <p>\u4ece\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 <code>counter</code> \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u5c06\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u5c06\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u4e2d\u3002\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u5728\u6574\u578b\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/#1192","title":"11.9.2 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>3.</code> \u5c31\u5931\u6548\u4e86\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5546\u54c1\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u6309\u7167\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\uff08\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u5bf9\u5546\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97 <code>counter</code> \u7684\u201c\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u201d\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15 <code>i</code> \u5904\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c <code>prefix[i]</code> \u7b49\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u524d <code>i</code> \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u548c\uff1a</p> \\[ \\text{prefix}[i] = \\sum_{j=0}^i \\text{counter[j]} \\] <p>\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c<code>prefix[num] - 1</code> \u4ee3\u8868\u5143\u7d20 <code>num</code> \u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e94\u8be5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 <code>num</code> \uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06 <code>num</code> \u586b\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15 <code>prefix[num] - 1</code> \u5904\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c <code>prefix[num]</code> \u51cf\u5c0f \\(1\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e <code>num</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 <code>res</code> \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u5373\u53ef\u3002\u56fe 11-17 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-17 \u00a0 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig counting_sort.py<pre><code>def counting_sort(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\n# 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nm = max(nums)\n# 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n# counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\ncounter = [0] * (m + 1)\nfor num in nums:\ncounter[num] += 1\n# 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n# \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i in range(m):\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i]\n# 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nn = len(nums)\nres = [0] * n\nfor i in range(n - 1, -1, -1):\nnum = nums[i]\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num  # \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num] -= 1  # \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in range(n):\nnums[i] = res[i]\n</code></pre> counting_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num : nums) {\nm = max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nvector&lt;int&gt; counter(m + 1, 0);\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.size();\nvector&lt;int&gt; res(n);\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--;              // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nnums = res;\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(int[] nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num : nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint[] counter = new int[m + 1];\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.length;\nint[] res = new int[n];\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(int[] nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nforeach (int num in nums) {\nm = Math.Max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint[] counter = new int[m + 1];\nforeach (int num in nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.Length;\nint[] res = new int[n];\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunc countingSort(nums []int) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nm := 0\nfor _, num := range nums {\nif num &gt; m {\nm = num\n}\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\ncounter := make([]int, m+1)\nfor _, num := range nums {\ncounter[num]++\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i := 0; i &lt; m; i++ {\ncounter[i+1] += counter[i]\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nn := len(nums)\nres := make([]int, n)\nfor i := n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i-- {\nnum := nums[i]\n// \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\nres[counter[num]-1] = num\n// \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\ncounter[num]--\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\ncopy(nums, res)\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunc countingSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = nums.max()!\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nvar counter = Array(repeating: 0, count: m + 1)\nfor num in nums {\ncounter[num] += 1\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i in stride(from: 0, to: m, by: 1) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i]\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: nums.count)\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) {\nlet num = nums[i]\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num] -= 1 // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in stride(from: 0, to: nums.count, by: 1) {\nnums[i] = res[i]\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunction countingSort(nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = 0;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nconst counter = new Array(m + 1).fill(0);\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nconst n = nums.length;\nconst res = new Array(n);\nfor (let i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nconst num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunction countingSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = 0;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nconst counter: number[] = new Array&lt;number&gt;(m + 1).fill(0);\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nconst n = nums.length;\nconst res: number[] = new Array&lt;number&gt;(n);\nfor (let i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nconst num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num in nums) {\nm = max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nList&lt;int&gt; counter = List.filled(m + 1, 0);\nfor (int num in nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.length;\nList&lt;int&gt; res = List.filled(n, 0);\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nnums.setAll(0, res);\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfn counting_sort(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = *nums.into_iter().max().unwrap();\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nlet mut counter = vec![0; m as usize + 1];\nfor &amp;num in &amp;*nums {\ncounter[num as usize] += 1;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i in 0..m as usize {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nlet n = nums.len();\nlet mut res = vec![0; n];\nfor i in (0..n).rev() {\nlet num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num as usize] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num as usize] -= 1; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in 0..n {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(int nums[], int size) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nif (nums[i] &gt; m) {\nm = nums[i];\n}\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint *counter = malloc(sizeof(int) * m);\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\ncounter[nums[i]]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint *res = malloc(sizeof(int) * size);\nfor (int i = size - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--;              // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nmemcpy(nums, res, size * sizeof(int));\n}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/#1193","title":"11.9.3 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + m)\\) \uff1a\u6d89\u53ca\u904d\u5386 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u904d\u5386 <code>counter</code> \uff0c\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b \\(n \\gg m\\) \uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8d8b\u4e8e \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + m)\\)\u3001\u975e\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u501f\u52a9\u4e86\u957f\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u548c \\(m\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u548c <code>counter</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u5411 <code>res</code> \u4e2d\u586b\u5145\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u201c\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>nums</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6539\u53d8\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>nums</code> \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/#1194","title":"11.9.4 \u00a0 \u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u975e\u5e38\u5de7\u5999\uff0c\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u91cf\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4e3a\u4e25\u683c\u3002</p> <p>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\u3002\u82e5\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5305\u542b\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u5b57\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6b63\u6570\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u518d\u8f6c\u6362\u56de\u53bb\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d \\(m\\) \u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5360\u7528\u8fc7\u591a\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u800c\u5f53 \\(n \\ll m\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(m)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd8\u8981\u6162\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/heap_sort/","title":"11.7 \u00a0 \u5806\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>Tip</p> <p>\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u8282\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u5b66\u5b8c\u201c\u5806\u201c\u7ae0\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u5806\u6392\u5e8f heap sort\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u65ad\u6267\u884c\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u8bb0\u5f55\u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f39\u51fa\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6d6a\u8d39\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/heap_sort/#1171","title":"11.7.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-12 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u5927\u9876\u5806\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u4e0e\u5806\u5e95\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u4ea4\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u51cf \\(1\\) \uff0c\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 \\(1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u5230\u5e95\u6267\u884c\u5806\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08Sift Down\uff09\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u5806\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5f97\u5230\u4fee\u590d\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u7b2c <code>2.</code> \u548c <code>3.</code> \u6b65\u3002\u5faa\u73af \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\u540e\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u7ec4\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ol> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u7b2c <code>2.</code> \u548c <code>3.</code> \u6b65\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f39\u51fa\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-12 \u00a0 \u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0e\u5806\u7ae0\u8282\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 <code>sift_down()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u800c\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7ed9 <code>sift_down()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u53c2\u6570 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5806\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig heap_sort.py<pre><code>def sift_down(nums: list[int], n: int, i: int):\n\"\"\"\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\"\"\"\nwhile True:\n# \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nl = 2 * i + 1\nr = 2 * i + 2\nma = i\nif l &lt; n and nums[l] &gt; nums[ma]:\nma = l\nif r &lt; n and nums[r] &gt; nums[ma]:\nma = r\n# \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i:\nbreak\n# \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nnums[i], nums[ma] = nums[ma], nums[i]\n# \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\ndef heap_sort(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in range(len(nums) // 2 - 1, -1, -1):\nsift_down(nums, len(nums), i)\n# \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i in range(len(nums) - 1, 0, -1):\n# \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nnums[0], nums[i] = nums[i], nums[0]\n# \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsift_down(nums, i, 0)\n</code></pre> heap_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[l] &gt; nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[r] &gt; nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(nums[i], nums[ma]);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.size() / 2 - 1; i &gt;= 0; --i) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.size(), i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.size() - 1; i &gt; 0; --i) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nswap(nums[0], nums[i]);\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int[] nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[l] &gt; nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[r] &gt; nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i)\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[ma];\nnums[ma] = temp;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.length / 2 - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint tmp = nums[0];\nnums[0] = nums[i];\nnums[i] = tmp;\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int[] nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[l] &gt; nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[r] &gt; nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i)\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n(nums[ma], nums[i]) = (nums[i], nums[ma]);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.Length / 2 - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.Length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.Length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n(nums[i], nums[0]) = (nums[0], nums[i]);\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc siftDown(nums *[]int, n, i int) {\nfor true {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nl := 2*i + 1\nr := 2*i + 2\nma := i\nif l &lt; n &amp;&amp; (*nums)[l] &gt; (*nums)[ma] {\nma = l\n}\nif r &lt; n &amp;&amp; (*nums)[r] &gt; (*nums)[ma] {\nma = r\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n(*nums)[i], (*nums)[ma] = (*nums)[ma], (*nums)[i]\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc heapSort(nums *[]int) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i := len(*nums)/2 - 1; i &gt;= 0; i-- {\nsiftDown(nums, len(*nums), i)\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i := len(*nums) - 1; i &gt; 0; i-- {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n(*nums)[0], (*nums)[i] = (*nums)[i], (*nums)[0]\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc siftDown(nums: inout [Int], n: Int, i: Int) {\nvar i = i\nwhile true {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1\nlet r = 2 * i + 2\nvar ma = i\nif l &lt; n, nums[l] &gt; nums[ma] {\nma = l\n}\nif r &lt; n, nums[r] &gt; nums[ma] {\nma = r\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nnums.swapAt(i, ma)\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc heapSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count / 2 - 1, through: 0, by: -1) {\nsiftDown(nums: &amp;nums, n: nums.count, i: i)\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, to: 0, by: -1) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nnums.swapAt(0, i)\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums: &amp;nums, n: i, i: 0)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunction siftDown(nums, n, i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1;\nlet r = 2 * i + 2;\nlet ma = i;\nif (l &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[l] &gt; nums[ma]) {\nma = l;\n}\nif (r &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[r] &gt; nums[ma]) {\nma = r;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma === i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n[nums[i], nums[ma]] = [nums[ma], nums[i]];\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction heapSort(nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (let i = Math.floor(nums.length / 2) - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n[nums[0], nums[i]] = [nums[i], nums[0]];\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunction siftDown(nums: number[], n: number, i: number): void {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1;\nlet r = 2 * i + 2;\nlet ma = i;\nif (l &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[l] &gt; nums[ma]) {\nma = l;\n}\nif (r &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[r] &gt; nums[ma]) {\nma = r;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma === i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n[nums[i], nums[ma]] = [nums[ma], nums[i]];\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction heapSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (let i = Math.floor(nums.length / 2) - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n[nums[0], nums[i]] = [nums[i], nums[0]];\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[l] &gt; nums[ma]) ma = l;\nif (r &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[r] &gt; nums[ma]) ma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i) break;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[ma];\nnums[ma] = temp;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.length ~/ 2 - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i &gt; 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint tmp = nums[0];\nnums[0] = nums[i];\nnums[i] = tmp;\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfn sift_down(nums: &amp;mut [i32], n: usize, mut i: usize) {\nloop {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1;\nlet r = 2 * i + 2;\nlet mut ma = i;\nif l &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[l] &gt; nums[ma] {\nma = l;\n}\nif r &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[r] &gt; nums[ma] {\nma = r;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nlet temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[ma];\nnums[ma] = temp;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfn heap_sort(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in (0..=nums.len() / 2 - 1).rev() {\nsift_down(nums, nums.len(), i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i in (1..=nums.len() - 1).rev() {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nlet tmp = nums[0];\nnums[0] = nums[i];\nnums[i] = tmp;\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsift_down(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int nums[], int n, int i) {\nwhile (1) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[l] &gt; nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r &lt; n &amp;&amp; nums[r] &gt; nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[ma];\nnums[ma] = temp;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(int nums[], int n) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = n / 2 - 1; i &gt;= 0; --i) {\nsiftDown(nums, n, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt; 0; --i) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint tmp = nums[0];\nnums[0] = nums[i];\nnums[i] = tmp;\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/heap_sort/#1172","title":"11.7.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n \\log n)\\)\u3001\u975e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff0c\u5171\u5faa\u73af \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u51e0\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u548c\u5806\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u4ea4\u6362\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5806\u5e95\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/","title":"11.4 \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f insertion sort\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u624b\u52a8\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u526f\u724c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002</p> <p>\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u51c6\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5176\u5de6\u4fa7\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u9010\u4e00\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 11-6 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8bbe\u57fa\u51c6\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a <code>base</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u7d22\u5f15\u5230 <code>base</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06 <code>base</code> \u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-6 \u00a0 \u5355\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/#1141","title":"11.4.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-7 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7b2c 1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7b2c 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>base</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u7b2c 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>base</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>base</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-7 \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig insertion_sort.py<pre><code>def insertion_sort(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i-1]\nfor i in range(1, len(nums)):\nbase = nums[i]\nj = i - 1\n# \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4 [0, i-1] \u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile j &gt;= 0 and nums[j] &gt; base:\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j]  # \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj -= 1\nnums[j + 1] = base  # \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid insertionSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; nums.size(); i++) {\nint base = nums[i], j = i - 1;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile (j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt; base) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j]; // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj--;\n}\nnums[j + 1] = base; // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid insertionSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nint base = nums[i], j = i - 1;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile (j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt; base) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j]; // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj--;\n}\nnums[j + 1] = base;        // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid insertionSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; nums.Length; i++) {\nint bas = nums[i], j = i - 1;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile (j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt; bas) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j]; // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj--;\n}\nnums[j + 1] = bas;         // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc insertionSort(nums []int) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [0, i]\nfor i := 1; i &lt; len(nums); i++ {\nbase := nums[i]\nj := i - 1\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nfor j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt; base {\nnums[j+1] = nums[j] // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj--\n}\nnums[j+1] = base // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc insertionSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nfor i in stride(from: 1, to: nums.count, by: 1) {\nlet base = nums[i]\nvar j = i - 1\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile j &gt;= 0, nums[j] &gt; base {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j] // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj -= 1\n}\nnums[j + 1] = base // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction insertionSort(nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nlet base = nums[i],\nj = i - 1;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile (j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt; base) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j]; // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj--;\n}\nnums[j + 1] = base; // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction insertionSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nconst base = nums[i];\nlet j = i - 1;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile (j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt; base) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j]; // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj--;\n}\nnums[j + 1] = base; // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid insertionSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; nums.length; i++) {\nint base = nums[i], j = i - 1;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile (j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt; base) {\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j]; // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj--;\n}\nnums[j + 1] = base; // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nfn insertion_sort(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nfor i in 1..nums.len() {\nlet (base, mut j) = (nums[i],  (i - 1) as i32);\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; nums[j as usize] &gt; base {\nnums[(j + 1) as usize] = nums[j as usize]; // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nj -= 1;\n}\nnums[(j + 1) as usize] = base;  // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid insertionSort(int nums[], int size) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; size; i++) {\nint base = nums[i], j = i - 1;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile (j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt; base) {\n// \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nnums[j + 1] = nums[j];\nj--;\n}\n// \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nnums[j + 1] = base;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.zig<pre><code>// \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\nfn insertionSort(nums: []i32) void {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a 1, 2, ..., n\nvar i: usize = 1;\nwhile (i &lt; nums.len) : (i += 1) {\nvar base = nums[i];\nvar j: usize = i;\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u5c06 base \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\nwhile (j &gt;= 1 and nums[j - 1] &gt; base) : (j -= 1) {\nnums[j] = nums[j - 1];  // \u5c06 nums[j] \u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n}\nnums[j] = base;             // \u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/#1142","title":"11.4.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u522b\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(n - 1\\)\u3001\\(n-2\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u5f97\u5230 \\((n - 1) n / 2\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002\u5728\u9047\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u63d0\u524d\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u53f3\u4fa7\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/#1143","title":"11.4.3 \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u4f18\u52bf","text":"<p>\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u5373\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u76f8\u6bd4\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u9002\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u8fd9\u7c7b \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u5305\u542b\u66f4\u591a\u5355\u5143\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\\(n^2\\) \u548c \\(n \\log n\\) \u7684\u6570\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u8d77\u5230\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Java\uff09\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u601d\u8def\u4e3a\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u77ed\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u867d\u7136\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u663e\u8457\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5171\u6d89\u53ca 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u8d4b\u503c\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700 1 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/merge_sort/","title":"11.6 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f merge sort\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u56fe 11-10 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u201c\u5212\u5206\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5408\u5e76\u201d\u9636\u6bb5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5904\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u5c06\u957f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u77ed\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u5c06\u5de6\u53f3\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-10 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5212\u5206\u4e0e\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/merge_sort/#1161","title":"11.6.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 11-11 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\u201d\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5207\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u70b9 <code>mid</code> \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u533a\u95f4 <code>[left, mid]</code> \uff09\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u533a\u95f4 <code>[mid + 1, right]</code> \uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u6267\u884c\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>1.</code> \uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\u5212\u5206\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u201c\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\u201d\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5730\u5c06\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5f00\u59cb\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-11 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u5148\u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\uff0c\u518d\u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5148\u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u518d\u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig merge_sort.py<pre><code>def merge(nums: list[int], left: int, mid: int, right: int):\n\"\"\"\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\"\"\"\n# \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n# \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\ntmp = list(nums[left : right + 1])\n# \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nleft_start = 0\nleft_end = mid - left\n# \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nright_start = mid + 1 - left\nright_end = right - left\n# i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\ni = left_start\nj = right_start\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor k in range(left, right + 1):\n# \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif i &gt; left_end:\nnums[k] = tmp[j]\nj += 1\n# \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\nelif j &gt; right_end or tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j]:\nnums[k] = tmp[i]\ni += 1\n# \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nelse:\nnums[k] = tmp[j]\nj += 1\ndef merge_sort(nums: list[int], left: int, right: int):\n\"\"\"\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif left &gt;= right:\nreturn  # \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n# \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nmid = (left + right) // 2  # \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmerge_sort(nums, left, mid)  # \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmerge_sort(nums, mid + 1, right)  # \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n# \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right)\n</code></pre> merge_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nvoid merge(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nvector&lt;int&gt; tmp(nums.begin() + left, nums.begin() + right + 1);\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nint leftStart = left - left, leftEnd = mid - left;\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nint rightStart = mid + 1 - left, rightEnd = right - left;\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint i = leftStart, j = rightStart;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int k = left; k &lt;= right; k++) {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif (i &gt; leftEnd)\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\nelse if (j &gt; rightEnd || tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j])\nnums[k] = tmp[i++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nelse\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid mergeSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (left &gt;= right)\nreturn; // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nint mid = (left + right) / 2;    // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmergeSort(nums, left, mid);      // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmergeSort(nums, mid + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right);\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nvoid merge(int[] nums, int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nint[] tmp = Arrays.copyOfRange(nums, left, right + 1);\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nint leftStart = left - left, leftEnd = mid - left;\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nint rightStart = mid + 1 - left, rightEnd = right - left;\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint i = leftStart, j = rightStart;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int k = left; k &lt;= right; k++) {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif (i &gt; leftEnd)\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\nelse if (j &gt; rightEnd || tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j])\nnums[k] = tmp[i++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nelse\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid mergeSort(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (left &gt;= right)\nreturn;                      // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nint mid = (left + right) / 2;    // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmergeSort(nums, left, mid);      // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmergeSort(nums, mid + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right);\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nvoid merge(int[] nums, int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nint[] tmp = nums[left..(right + 1)];\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15  \nint leftStart = left - left, leftEnd = mid - left;\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15       \nint rightStart = mid + 1 - left, rightEnd = right - left;\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint i = leftStart, j = rightStart;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int k = left; k &lt;= right; k++) {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif (i &gt; leftEnd)\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\nelse if (j &gt; rightEnd || tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j])\nnums[k] = tmp[i++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nelse\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid mergeSort(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (left &gt;= right) return;       // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nint mid = (left + right) / 2;    // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmergeSort(nums, left, mid);      // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmergeSort(nums, mid + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right);\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nfunc merge(nums []int, left, mid, right int) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4 \u501f\u52a9 copy \u6a21\u5757\ntmp := make([]int, right-left+1)\nfor i := left; i &lt;= right; i++ {\ntmp[i-left] = nums[i]\n}\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nleftStart, leftEnd := left-left, mid-left\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nrightStart, rightEnd := mid+1-left, right-left\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\ni, j := leftStart, rightStart\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor k := left; k &lt;= right; k++ {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif i &gt; leftEnd {\nnums[k] = tmp[j]\nj++\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\n} else if j &gt; rightEnd || tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j] {\nnums[k] = tmp[i]\ni++\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\n} else {\nnums[k] = tmp[j]\nj++\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc mergeSort(nums []int, left, right int) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif left &gt;= right {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nmid := (left + right) / 2\nmergeSort(nums, left, mid)\nmergeSort(nums, mid+1, right)\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right)\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nfunc merge(nums: inout [Int], left: Int, mid: Int, right: Int) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nlet tmp = Array(nums[left ..&lt; (right + 1)])\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nlet leftStart = left - left\nlet leftEnd = mid - left\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nlet rightStart = mid + 1 - left\nlet rightEnd = right - left\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nvar i = leftStart\nvar j = rightStart\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor k in left ... right {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif i &gt; leftEnd {\nnums[k] = tmp[j]\nj += 1\n}\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\nelse if j &gt; rightEnd || tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j] {\nnums[k] = tmp[i]\ni += 1\n}\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nelse {\nnums[k] = tmp[j]\nj += 1\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc mergeSort(nums: inout [Int], left: Int, right: Int) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif left &gt;= right { // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nreturn\n}\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nlet mid = (left + right) / 2 // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmergeSort(nums: &amp;nums, left: left, right: mid) // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmergeSort(nums: &amp;nums, left: mid + 1, right: right) // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums: &amp;nums, left: left, mid: mid, right: right)\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nfunction merge(nums, left, mid, right) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nlet tmp = nums.slice(left, right + 1);\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nlet leftStart = left - left,\nleftEnd = mid - left;\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nlet rightStart = mid + 1 - left,\nrightEnd = right - left;\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nlet i = leftStart,\nj = rightStart;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let k = left; k &lt;= right; k++) {\nif (i &gt; leftEnd) {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n} else if (j &gt; rightEnd || tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j]) {\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\nnums[k] = tmp[i++];\n} else {\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction mergeSort(nums, left, right) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (left &gt;= right) return; // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nlet mid = Math.floor((left + right) / 2); // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmergeSort(nums, left, mid); // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmergeSort(nums, mid + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right);\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nfunction merge(nums: number[], left: number, mid: number, right: number): void {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nlet tmp = nums.slice(left, right + 1);\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nlet leftStart = left - left,\nleftEnd = mid - left;\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nlet rightStart = mid + 1 - left,\nrightEnd = right - left;\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nlet i = leftStart,\nj = rightStart;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let k = left; k &lt;= right; k++) {\nif (i &gt; leftEnd) {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\n} else if (j &gt; rightEnd || tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j]) {\nnums[k] = tmp[i++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\n} else {\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction mergeSort(nums: number[], left: number, right: number): void {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (left &gt;= right) return; // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nlet mid = Math.floor((left + right) / 2); // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmergeSort(nums, left, mid); // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmergeSort(nums, mid + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right);\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nvoid merge(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nList&lt;int&gt; tmp = nums.sublist(left, right + 1);\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nint leftStart = left - left, leftEnd = mid - left;\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nint rightStart = mid + 1 - left, rightEnd = right - left;\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint i = leftStart, j = rightStart;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int k = left; k &lt;= right; k++) {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif (i &gt; leftEnd)\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\nelse if (j &gt; rightEnd || tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j])\nnums[k] = tmp[i++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nelse\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid mergeSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (left &gt;= right) return; // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nint mid = (left + right) ~/ 2; // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmergeSort(nums, left, mid); // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmergeSort(nums, mid + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right);\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nfn merge(nums: &amp;mut [i32], left: usize, mid: usize, right: usize) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nlet tmp: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = nums[left..right + 1].to_vec();\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nlet (left_start, left_end) = (left - left, mid - left);\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nlet (right_start, right_end) = (mid + 1 - left, right-left);\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nlet (mut l_corrent, mut r_corrent) = (left_start, right_start);\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor k in left..right + 1 {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif l_corrent &gt; left_end {\nnums[k] = tmp[r_corrent];\nr_corrent += 1;\n}\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\nelse if r_corrent &gt; right_end || tmp[l_corrent] &lt;= tmp[r_corrent] {\nnums[k] = tmp[l_corrent];\nl_corrent += 1;\n}\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nelse {\nnums[k] = tmp[r_corrent];\nr_corrent += 1;\n}\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nfn merge_sort(left: usize, right: usize, nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif left &gt;= right { return; }       // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nlet mid = (left + right) / 2;     // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmerge_sort(left, mid, nums);      // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmerge_sort(mid + 1, right, nums);  // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right);\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nvoid merge(int *nums, int left, int mid, int right) {\nint index;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nint tmp[right + 1 - left];\nfor (index = left; index &lt; right + 1; index++) {\ntmp[index - left] = nums[index];\n}\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nint leftStart = left - left, leftEnd = mid - left;\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\nint rightStart = mid + 1 - left, rightEnd = right - left;\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint i = leftStart, j = rightStart;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int k = left; k &lt;= right; k++) {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif (i &gt; leftEnd)\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\nelse if (j &gt; rightEnd || tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j])\nnums[k] = tmp[i++];\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nelse\nnums[k] = tmp[j++];\n}\n}\n/* \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid mergeSort(int *nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (left &gt;= right)\nreturn; // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nint mid = (left + right) / 2;    // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\nmergeSort(nums, left, mid);      // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nmergeSort(nums, mid + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\nmerge(nums, left, mid, right);\n}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.zig<pre><code>// \u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [left, mid]\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4 [mid + 1, right]\nfn merge(nums: []i32, left: usize, mid: usize, right: usize) !void {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\nvar mem_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer mem_arena.deinit();\nconst mem_allocator = mem_arena.allocator();\nvar tmp = try mem_allocator.alloc(i32, right + 1 - left);\nstd.mem.copy(i32, tmp, nums[left..right+1]);\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15  \nvar leftStart = left - left;\nvar leftEnd = mid - left;\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15       \nvar rightStart = mid + 1 - left;\nvar rightEnd = right - left;\n// i, j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nvar i = leftStart;\nvar j = rightStart;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u6765\u5408\u5e76\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nvar k = left;\nwhile (k &lt;= right) : (k += 1) {\n// \u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\nif (i &gt; leftEnd) {\nnums[k] = tmp[j];\nj += 1;\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &lt;= \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 i++\n} else if  (j &gt; rightEnd or tmp[i] &lt;= tmp[j]) {\nnums[k] = tmp[i];\ni += 1;\n// \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u201c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u201d\u4e14\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u53d6\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 j++\n} else {\nnums[k] = tmp[j];\nj += 1;\n}\n}\n}\n// \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\nfn mergeSort(nums: []i32, left: usize, right: usize) !void {\n// \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\nif (left &gt;= right) return;              // \u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\n// \u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\nvar mid = (left + right) / 2;           // \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\ntry mergeSort(nums, left, mid);         // \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\ntry mergeSort(nums, mid + 1, right);    // \u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\n// \u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\ntry merge(nums, left, mid, right);\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u5408\u5e76\u51fd\u6570 <code>merge()</code> \u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u96be\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u5404\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<code>nums</code> \u7684\u5f85\u5408\u5e76\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a <code>[left, right]</code> \uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e <code>tmp</code> \u4ec5\u590d\u5236\u4e86 <code>nums</code> \u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 <code>tmp</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a <code>[0, right - left]</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83 <code>tmp[i]</code> \u548c <code>tmp[j]</code> \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8003\u8651\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373 <code>i &gt; leftEnd</code> \u548c <code>j &gt; rightEnd</code> \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5408\u5e76\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/merge_sort/#1162","title":"11.6.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n \\log n)\\)\u3001\u975e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5212\u5206\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log n\\) \u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u603b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\)\u3001\u975e\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5408\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u5408\u5e76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/merge_sort/#1163","title":"11.6.3 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u6392\u5e8f *","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u6392\u5e8f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u8fed\u4ee3\u201d\u66ff\u4ee3\u201c\u9012\u5f52\u201d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u94fe\u8868\u5212\u5206\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7701\u53bb\u9012\u5f52\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u589e\u5220\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ec5\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\uff08\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u77ed\u6709\u5e8f\u94fe\u8868\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u6709\u5e8f\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u65e0\u987b\u521b\u5efa\u989d\u5916\u94fe\u8868\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u9605\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/","title":"11.5 \u00a0 \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f quick sort\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002</p> <p>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u5de6\u4fa7\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u53f3\u4fa7\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-8 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 <code>i</code> \u548c <code>j</code> \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e24\u7aef\u3002</li> <li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>i</code>\uff08<code>j</code>\uff09\u5206\u522b\u5bfb\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u5927\uff08\u5c0f\uff09\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \uff0c\u76f4\u5230 <code>i</code> \u548c <code>j</code> \u76f8\u9047\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-8 \u00a0 \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u6210\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e14\u6ee1\u8db3\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4efb\u610f\u5143\u7d20 \\(\\leq\\) \u57fa\u51c6\u6570 \\(\\leq\\) \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4efb\u610f\u5143\u7d20\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u53ea\u9700\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565</p> <p>\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u957f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f83\u77ed\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig quick_sort.py<pre><code>def partition(self, nums: list[int], left: int, right: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\"\"\"\n# \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\ni, j = left, right\nwhile i &lt; j:\nwhile i &lt; j and nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]:\nj -= 1  # \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile i &lt; j and nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]:\ni += 1  # \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n# \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nnums[i], nums[j] = nums[j], nums[i]\n# \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nnums[i], nums[left] = nums[left], nums[i]\nreturn i  # \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362 */\nvoid swap(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int i, int j) {\nint tmp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[j];\nnums[j] = tmp;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 */\nint partition(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left])\nj--; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left])\ni++;          // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums, i, left); // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i;            // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362 */\nvoid swap(int[] nums, int i, int j) {\nint tmp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[j];\nnums[j] = tmp;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 */\nint partition(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left])\nj--;          // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left])\ni++;          // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums, i, left);  // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i;             // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362 */\nvoid swap(int[] nums, int i, int j) {\nint tmp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[j];\nnums[j] = tmp;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 */\nint partition(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left])\nj--;          // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left])\ni++;          // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums, i, left);  // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i;             // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 */\nfunc (q *quickSort) partition(nums []int, left, right int) int {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\ni, j := left, right\nfor i &lt; j {\nfor i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left] {\nj-- // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nfor i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left] {\ni++ // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\n// \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nnums[i], nums[j] = nums[j], nums[i]\n}\n// \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nnums[i], nums[left] = nums[left], nums[i]\nreturn i // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362 */\nfunc swap(nums: inout [Int], i: Int, j: Int) {\nlet tmp = nums[i]\nnums[i] = nums[j]\nnums[j] = tmp\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 */\nfunc partition(nums: inout [Int], left: Int, right: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nvar i = left\nvar j = right\nwhile i &lt; j {\nwhile i &lt; j, nums[j] &gt;= nums[left] {\nj -= 1 // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nwhile i &lt; j, nums[i] &lt;= nums[left] {\ni += 1 // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums: &amp;nums, i: i, j: j) // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums: &amp;nums, i: i, j: left) // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362 */\nswap(nums, i, j) {\nlet tmp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[j];\nnums[j] = tmp;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 */\npartition(nums, left, right) {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nlet i = left,\nj = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) {\nj -= 1; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) {\ni += 1; // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\n// \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nthis.swap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nthis.swap(nums, i, left); // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i; // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362 */\nswap(nums: number[], i: number, j: number): void {\nlet tmp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[j];\nnums[j] = tmp;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 */\npartition(nums: number[], left: number, right: number): number {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nlet i = left,\nj = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) {\nj -= 1; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) {\ni += 1; // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\n// \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nthis.swap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nthis.swap(nums, i, left); // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i; // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362 */\nvoid _swap(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int i, int j) {\nint tmp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[j];\nnums[j] = tmp;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 */\nint _partition(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) j--; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) i++; // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n_swap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\n_swap(nums, i, left); // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i; // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 */\nfn partition(nums: &amp;mut [i32], left: usize, right: usize) -&gt; usize {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nlet (mut i, mut j) = (left, right);\nwhile i &lt; j {\nwhile i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left] {\nj -= 1;      // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nwhile i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left] {\ni += 1;      // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nnums.swap(i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nnums.swap(i, left);  // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\ni                    // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362 */\nvoid swap(int nums[], int i, int j) {\nint tmp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[j];\nnums[j] = tmp;\n}\n/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b */\n// \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b-\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nint partition(int nums[], int left, int right) {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) {\n// \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nj--;\n}\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) {\n// \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\ni++;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j);\n}\n// \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nswap(nums, i, left);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn i;\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.zig<pre><code>// \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nfn swap(nums: []i32, i: usize, j: usize) void {\nvar tmp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[j];\nnums[j] = tmp;\n}\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nfn partition(nums: []i32, left: usize, right: usize) usize {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nvar i = left;\nvar j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j and nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) j -= 1; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j and nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) i += 1; // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j);   // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums, i, left);    // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i;               // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1151","title":"11.5.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-9 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bf9\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u201d\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u522b\u9012\u5f52\u6267\u884c\u201c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u6301\u7eed\u9012\u5f52\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-9 \u00a0 \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig quick_sort.py<pre><code>def quick_sort(self, nums: list[int], left: int, right: int):\n\"\"\"\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif left &gt;= right:\nreturn\n# \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\npivot = self.partition(nums, left, right)\n# \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nself.quick_sort(nums, left, pivot - 1)\nself.quick_sort(nums, pivot + 1, right)\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid quickSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif (left &gt;= right)\nreturn;\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nint pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid quickSort(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif (left &gt;= right)\nreturn;\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nint pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid quickSort(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif (left &gt;= right)\nreturn;\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nint pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc (q *quickSort) quickSort(nums []int, left, right int) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif left &gt;= right {\nreturn\n}\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\npivot := q.partition(nums, left, right)\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nq.quickSort(nums, left, pivot-1)\nq.quickSort(nums, pivot+1, right)\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc quickSort(nums: inout [Int], left: Int, right: Int) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif left &gt;= right {\nreturn\n}\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nlet pivot = partition(nums: &amp;nums, left: left, right: right)\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nquickSort(nums: &amp;nums, left: left, right: pivot - 1)\nquickSort(nums: &amp;nums, left: pivot + 1, right: right)\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f */\nquickSort(nums, left, right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif (left &gt;= right) return;\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nconst pivot = this.partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nthis.quickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);\nthis.quickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f */\nquickSort(nums: number[], left: number, right: number): void {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif (left &gt;= right) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nconst pivot = this.partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nthis.quickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);\nthis.quickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid quickSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif (left &gt;= right) return;\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nint pivot = _partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f */\npub fn quick_sort(left: i32, right: i32, nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif left &gt;= right {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nlet pivot = Self::partition(nums, left as usize, right as usize) as i32;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nSelf::quick_sort(left, pivot - 1, nums);\nSelf::quick_sort(pivot + 1, right, nums);\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b */\n// \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b-\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nint partition(int nums[], int left, int right) {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) {\n// \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nj--;\n}\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) {\n// \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\ni++;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j);\n}\n// \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nswap(nums, i, left);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nreturn i;\n}\n// \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b-\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid quickSort(int nums[], int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif (left &gt;= right) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nint pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.zig<pre><code>// \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\nfn quickSort(nums: []i32, left: usize, right: usize) void {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nif (left &gt;= right) return;\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\nvar pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1152","title":"11.5.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n \\log n)\\)\u3001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u5e73\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u5c42\u6570\u4e3a \\(\\log n\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u603b\u5faa\u73af\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5c06\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u548c \\(n - 1\\) \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9012\u5f52\u5c42\u6570\u8fbe\u5230 \\(n\\) \u5c42\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5b8c\u5168\u5012\u5e8f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u672a\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u53f3\u4fa7\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1153","title":"11.5.3 \u00a0 \u5feb\u6392\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5feb\uff1f","text":"<p>\u4ece\u540d\u79f0\u4e0a\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u5728\u6548\u7387\u65b9\u9762\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0e\u201c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fa\u73b0\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u80fd\u5728 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</li> <li>\u7f13\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff1a\u5728\u6267\u884c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u800c\u50cf\u201c\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u8df3\u8dc3\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u7cfb\u6570\u4f4e\uff1a\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3001\u8d4b\u503c\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u603b\u6570\u91cf\u6700\u5c11\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u201c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u6bd4\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1154","title":"11.5.4 \u00a0 \u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5012\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n - 1\\)\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u3002\u5982\u6b64\u9012\u5f52\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u540e\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u673a\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd0\u6c14\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u9009\u5230\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u5c3d\u5982\u4eba\u610f\u3002</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u751f\u6210\u7684\u662f\u201c\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9488\u5bf9\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u5e8f\u5217\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u52a3\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u3001\u5c3e\u3001\u4e2d\u70b9\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u201c\u65e2\u4e0d\u592a\u5c0f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u5927\u201d\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c06\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7a33\u5065\u6027\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u540e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7684\u6982\u7387\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig quick_sort.py<pre><code>def median_three(self, nums: list[int], left: int, mid: int, right: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\"\"\"\n# \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n# \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif (nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]):\nreturn left\nelif (nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]):\nreturn mid\nreturn right\ndef partition(self, nums: list[int], left: int, right: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09\"\"\"\n# \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nmed = self.median_three(nums, left, (left + right) // 2, right)\n# \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nnums[left], nums[med] = nums[med], nums[left]\n# \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\ni, j = left, right\nwhile i &lt; j:\nwhile i &lt; j and nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]:\nj -= 1  # \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile i &lt; j and nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]:\ni += 1  # \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n# \u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nnums[i], nums[j] = nums[j], nums[i]\n# \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nnums[i], nums[left] = nums[left], nums[i]\nreturn i  # \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570 */\nint medianThree(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif ((nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn left;\nelse if ((nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn mid;\nelse\nreturn right;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09 */\nint partition(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nint med = medianThree(nums, left, (left + right) / 2, right);\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nswap(nums, left, med);\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left])\nj--; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left])\ni++;          // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums, i, left); // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i;            // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570 */\nint medianThree(int[] nums, int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif ((nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn left;\nelse if ((nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn mid;\nelse\nreturn right;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09 */\nint partition(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nint med = medianThree(nums, left, (left + right) / 2, right);\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nswap(nums, left, med);\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left])\nj--;          // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left])\ni++;          // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums, i, left);  // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i;             // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570 */\nint medianThree(int[] nums, int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif ((nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn left;\nelse if ((nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn mid;\nelse\nreturn right;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09 */\nint partition(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nint med = medianThree(nums, left, (left + right) / 2, right);\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nswap(nums, left, med);\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left])\nj--;          // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left])\ni++;          // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums, i, left);  // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i;             // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570 */\nfunc (q *quickSortMedian) medianThree(nums []int, left, mid, right int) int {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\uff08!= \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8d77\u5230\u5f02\u6216\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff09\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif (nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) != (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]) {\nreturn left\n} else if (nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) != (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]) {\nreturn mid\n}\nreturn right\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09*/\nfunc (q *quickSortMedian) partition(nums []int, left, right int) int {\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nmed := q.medianThree(nums, left, (left+right)/2, right)\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nnums[left], nums[med] = nums[med], nums[left]\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\ni, j := left, right\nfor i &lt; j {\nfor i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left] {\nj-- //\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nfor i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left] {\ni++ //\u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\n//\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nnums[i], nums[j] = nums[j], nums[i]\n}\n//\u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nnums[i], nums[left] = nums[left], nums[i]\nreturn i //\u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570 */\nfunc medianThree(nums: [Int], left: Int, mid: Int, right: Int) -&gt; Int {\nif (nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) != (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]) {\nreturn left\n} else if (nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) != (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]) {\nreturn mid\n} else {\nreturn right\n}\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09 */\nfunc partitionMedian(nums: inout [Int], left: Int, right: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nlet med = medianThree(nums: nums, left: left, mid: (left + right) / 2, right: right)\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nswap(nums: &amp;nums, i: left, j: med)\nreturn partition(nums: &amp;nums, left: left, right: right)\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570 */\nmedianThree(nums, left, mid, right) {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif ((nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ (nums[left] &lt; nums[right])) return left;\nelse if ((nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn mid;\nelse return right;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09 */\npartition(nums, left, right) {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nlet med = this.medianThree(\nnums,\nleft,\nMath.floor((left + right) / 2),\nright\n);\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nthis.swap(nums, left, med);\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nlet i = left,\nj = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) j--; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) i++; // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nthis.swap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nthis.swap(nums, i, left); // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i; // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570 */\nmedianThree(\nnums: number[],\nleft: number,\nmid: number,\nright: number\n): number {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif (Number(nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ Number(nums[left] &lt; nums[right])) {\nreturn left;\n} else if (\nNumber(nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ Number(nums[mid] &lt; nums[right])\n) {\nreturn mid;\n} else {\nreturn right;\n}\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09 */\npartition(nums: number[], left: number, right: number): number {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nlet med = this.medianThree(\nnums,\nleft,\nMath.floor((left + right) / 2),\nright\n);\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nthis.swap(nums, left, med);\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nlet i = left,\nj = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) {\nj--; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) {\ni++; // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nthis.swap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nthis.swap(nums, i, left); // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i; // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570 */\nint _medianThree(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif ((nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn left;\nelse if ((nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn mid;\nelse\nreturn right;\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09 */\nint _partition(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nint med = _medianThree(nums, left, (left + right) ~/ 2, right);\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\n_swap(nums, left, med);\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) j--; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) i++; // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n_swap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\n_swap(nums, i, left); // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i; // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570 */\nfn median_three(nums: &amp;mut [i32], left: usize, mid: usize, right: usize) -&gt; usize {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif (nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]) {\nreturn left;\n} else if (nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]) {\nreturn mid;\n} right\n}\n/* \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09 */\nfn partition(nums: &amp;mut [i32], left: usize, right: usize) -&gt; usize {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nlet med = Self::median_three(nums, left, (left + right) / 2, right);\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nnums.swap(left, med);\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nlet (mut i, mut j) = (left, right);\nwhile i &lt; j {\nwhile i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left] {\nj -= 1;      // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nwhile i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left] {\ni += 1;      // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n}\nnums.swap(i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nnums.swap(i, left);  // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\ni                    // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\uff08\u4e2d\u4f4d\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nint medianThree(int nums[], int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif ((nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn left;\nelse if ((nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn mid;\nelse\nreturn right;\n}\n/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\uff08\u4e2d\u4f4d\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nint medianThree(int nums[], int left, int mid, int right) {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif ((nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) ^ (nums[left] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn left;\nelse if ((nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) ^ (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right]))\nreturn mid;\nelse\nreturn right;\n}\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09\nint partitionMedian(int nums[], int left, int right) {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nint med = medianThree(nums, left, (left + right) / 2, right);\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nswap(nums, left, med);\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nint i = left, j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[j] &gt;= nums[left])\nj--; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j &amp;&amp; nums[i] &lt;= nums[left])\ni++;          // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j); // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums, i, left); // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i;            // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.zig<pre><code>// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nfn medianThree(nums: []i32, left: usize, mid: usize, right: usize) usize {\n// \u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u5f02\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a 0 ^ 0 = 1 ^ 1 = 0, 0 ^ 1 = 1 ^ 0 = 1\nif ((nums[left] &lt; nums[mid]) != (nums[left] &lt; nums[right])) {\nreturn left;\n} else if ((nums[mid] &lt; nums[left]) != (nums[mid] &lt; nums[right])) {\nreturn mid;\n} else {\nreturn right;\n}\n}\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\uff08\u4e09\u6570\u53d6\u4e2d\u503c\uff09\nfn partition(nums: []i32, left: usize, right: usize) usize {\n// \u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\nvar med = medianThree(nums, left, (left + right) / 2, right);\n// \u5c06\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\nswap(nums, left, med);\n// \u4ee5 nums[left] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\nvar i = left;\nvar j = right;\nwhile (i &lt; j) {\nwhile (i &lt; j and nums[j] &gt;= nums[left]) j -= 1; // \u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nwhile (i &lt; j and nums[i] &lt;= nums[left]) i += 1; // \u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u627e\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nswap(nums, i, j);   // \u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n}\nswap(nums, i, left);    // \u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\nreturn i;               // \u8fd4\u56de\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1155","title":"11.5.5 \u00a0 \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u4e0b\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u8f83\u591a\u3002\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u5012\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u540e\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5230 \\(n - 1\\) \uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ec5\u5bf9\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8f83\u77ed\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(n / 2\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(\\log n\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig quick_sort.py<pre><code>def quick_sort(self, nums: list[int], left: int, right: int):\n\"\"\"\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09\"\"\"\n# \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile left &lt; right:\n# \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\npivot = self.partition(nums, left, right)\n# \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif pivot - left &lt; right - pivot:\nself.quick_sort(nums, left, pivot - 1)  # \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1  # \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\nelse:\nself.quick_sort(nums, pivot + 1, right)  # \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1  # \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\nvoid quickSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nint pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif (pivot - left &lt; right - pivot) {\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1;                 // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1;                 // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\nvoid quickSort(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nint pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif (pivot - left &lt; right - pivot) {\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\nvoid quickSort(int[] nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nint pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif (pivot - left &lt; right - pivot) {\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);  // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1;  // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09*/\nfunc (q *quickSortTailCall) quickSort(nums []int, left, right int) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nfor left &lt; right {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\npivot := q.partition(nums, left, right)\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif pivot-left &lt; right-pivot {\nq.quickSort(nums, left, pivot-1) // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1                 // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nq.quickSort(nums, pivot+1, right) // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1                 // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\nfunc quickSortTailCall(nums: inout [Int], left: Int, right: Int) {\nvar left = left\nvar right = right\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile left &lt; right {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nlet pivot = partition(nums: &amp;nums, left: left, right: right)\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif (pivot - left) &lt; (right - pivot) {\nquickSortTailCall(nums: &amp;nums, left: left, right: pivot - 1) // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1 // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nquickSortTailCall(nums: &amp;nums, left: pivot + 1, right: right) // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1 // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\nquickSort(nums, left, right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nlet pivot = this.partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif (pivot - left &lt; right - pivot) {\nthis.quickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nthis.quickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\nquickSort(nums: number[], left: number, right: number): void {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nlet pivot = this.partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif (pivot - left &lt; right - pivot) {\nthis.quickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nthis.quickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\nvoid quickSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nint pivot = _partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif (pivot - left &lt; right - pivot) {\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\npub fn quick_sort(mut left: i32, mut right: i32, nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile left &lt; right {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nlet pivot = Self::partition(nums, left as usize, right as usize) as i32;\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif  pivot - left &lt; right - pivot {\nSelf::quick_sort(left, pivot - 1, nums);  // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1;  // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nSelf::quick_sort(pivot + 1, right, nums); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1; // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09 */\n// \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09\nvoid quickSortTailCall(int nums[], int left, int right) {\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nint pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif (pivot - left &lt; right - pivot) {\nquickSortTailCall(nums, left, pivot - 1); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1;                         // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nquickSortTailCall(nums, pivot + 1, right); // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1;                         // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.zig<pre><code>// \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff09\nfn quickSort(nums: []i32, left_: usize, right_: usize) void {\nvar left = left_;\nvar right = right_;\n// \u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\n// \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\nvar pivot = partition(nums, left, right);\n// \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u6392\nif (pivot - left &lt; right - pivot) {\nquickSort(nums, left, pivot - 1);   // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nleft = pivot + 1;                   // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [pivot + 1, right]\n} else {\nquickSort(nums, pivot + 1, right);  // \u9012\u5f52\u6392\u5e8f\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\nright = pivot - 1;                  // \u5269\u4f59\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [left, pivot - 1]\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/radix_sort/","title":"11.10 \u00a0 \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u91cf \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5927\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 \\(m\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9 \\(n = 10^6\\) \u4e2a\u5b66\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u5b66\u53f7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a \\(8\\) \u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 \\(m = 10^8\\) \u975e\u5e38\u5927\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u5206\u914d\u5927\u91cf\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f radix sort\u300d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e2a\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u5229\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u5404\u4f4d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9012\u8fdb\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/radix_sort/#11101","title":"11.10.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u4ee5\u5b66\u53f7\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u4f4d\u662f\u7b2c \\(1\\) \u4f4d\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u662f\u7b2c \\(8\\) \u4f4d\uff0c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-18 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4f4d\u6570 \\(k = 1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u5b66\u53f7\u7684\u7b2c \\(k\\) \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u201c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u7b2c \\(k\\) \u4f4d\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 \\(k\\) \u589e\u52a0 \\(1\\) \uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \u7ee7\u7eed\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u90fd\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-18 \u00a0 \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b </p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u5256\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a \\(d\\) \u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u6570\u5b57 \\(x\\) \uff0c\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u7b2c \\(k\\) \u4f4d \\(x_k\\) \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a</p> \\[ x_k = \\lfloor\\frac{x}{d^{k-1}}\\rfloor \\bmod d \\] <p>\u5176\u4e2d \\(\\lfloor a \\rfloor\\) \u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 \\(a\\) \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\uff0c\u800c \\(\\bmod \\: d\\) \u8868\u793a\u5bf9 \\(d\\) \u53d6\u4f59\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b66\u53f7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\\(d = 10\\) \u4e14 \\(k \\in [1, 8]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c0f\u5e45\u6539\u52a8\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u7b2c \\(k\\) \u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig radix_sort.py<pre><code>def digit(num: int, exp: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1)\"\"\"\n# \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn (num // exp) % 10\ndef counting_sort_digit(nums: list[int], exp: int):\n\"\"\"\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\"\"\"\n# \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\ncounter = [0] * 10\nn = len(nums)\n# \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor i in range(n):\nd = digit(nums[i], exp)  # \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d] += 1  # \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n# \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor i in range(1, 10):\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1]\n# \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nres = [0] * n\nfor i in range(n - 1, -1, -1):\nd = digit(nums[i], exp)\nj = counter[d] - 1  # \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i]  # \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d] -= 1  # \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in range(n):\nnums[i] = res[i]\ndef radix_sort(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nm = max(nums)\n# \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nexp = 1\nwhile exp &lt;= m:\n# \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n# k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n# k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n# \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncounting_sort_digit(nums, exp)\nexp *= 10\n</code></pre> radix_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nint digit(int num, int exp) {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn (num / exp) % 10;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nvoid countingSortDigit(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums, int exp) {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nvector&lt;int&gt; counter(10, 0);\nint n = nums.size();\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp); // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d]++;                // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; 10; i++) {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nvector&lt;int&gt; res(n, 0);\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp);\nint j = counter[d] - 1; // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i];       // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d]--;           // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++)\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid radixSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nint m = *max_element(nums.begin(), nums.end());\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (int exp = 1; exp &lt;= m; exp *= 10)\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncountingSortDigit(nums, exp);\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nint digit(int num, int exp) {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn (num / exp) % 10;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nvoid countingSortDigit(int[] nums, int exp) {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nint[] counter = new int[10];\nint n = nums.length;\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp); // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d]++;                // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; 10; i++) {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nint[] res = new int[n];\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp);\nint j = counter[d] - 1; // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i];       // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d]--;           // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++)\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid radixSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nint m = Integer.MIN_VALUE;\nfor (int num : nums)\nif (num &gt; m)\nm = num;\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (int exp = 1; exp &lt;= m; exp *= 10)\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncountingSortDigit(nums, exp);\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nint digit(int num, int exp) {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn (num / exp) % 10;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nvoid countingSortDigit(int[] nums, int exp) {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nint[] counter = new int[10];\nint n = nums.Length;\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp); // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d]++;                // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; 10; i++) {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nint[] res = new int[n];\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp);\nint j = counter[d] - 1; // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i];       // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d]--;           // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid radixSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nint m = int.MinValue;\nforeach (int num in nums) {\nif (num &gt; m) m = num;\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (int exp = 1; exp &lt;= m; exp *= 10) {\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncountingSortDigit(nums, exp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nfunc digit(num, exp int) int {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn (num / exp) % 10\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfunc countingSortDigit(nums []int, exp int) {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\ncounter := make([]int, 10)\nn := len(nums)\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nd := digit(nums[i], exp) // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d]++             // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor i := 1; i &lt; 10; i++ {\ncounter[i] += counter[i-1]\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nres := make([]int, n)\nfor i := n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i-- {\nd := digit(nums[i], exp)\nj := counter[d] - 1 // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i]    // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d]--        // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nnums[i] = res[i]\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc radixSort(nums []int) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nmax := math.MinInt\nfor _, num := range nums {\nif num &gt; max {\nmax = num\n}\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor exp := 1; max &gt;= exp; exp *= 10 {\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncountingSortDigit(nums, exp)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nfunc digit(num: Int, exp: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\n(num / exp) % 10\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfunc countingSortDigit(nums: inout [Int], exp: Int) {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nvar counter = Array(repeating: 0, count: 10)\nlet n = nums.count\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor i in nums.indices {\nlet d = digit(num: nums[i], exp: exp) // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d] += 1 // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor i in 1 ..&lt; 10 {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1]\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: n)\nfor i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) {\nlet d = digit(num: nums[i], exp: exp)\nlet j = counter[d] - 1 // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i] // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d] -= 1 // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in nums.indices {\nnums[i] = res[i]\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc radixSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nvar m = Int.min\nfor num in nums {\nif num &gt; m {\nm = num\n}\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor exp in sequence(first: 1, next: { m &gt;= ($0 * 10) ? $0 * 10 : nil }) {\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncountingSortDigit(nums: &amp;nums, exp: exp)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nfunction digit(num, exp) {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn Math.floor(num / exp) % 10;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfunction countingSortDigit(nums, exp) {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nconst counter = new Array(10).fill(0);\nconst n = nums.length;\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconst d = digit(nums[i], exp); // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d]++; // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; 10; i++) {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nconst res = new Array(n).fill(0);\nfor (let i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nconst d = digit(nums[i], exp);\nconst j = counter[d] - 1; // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i]; // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d]--; // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction radixSort(nums) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nlet m = Number.MIN_VALUE;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nif (num &gt; m) {\nm = num;\n}\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (let exp = 1; exp &lt;= m; exp *= 10) {\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncountingSortDigit(nums, exp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nfunction digit(num: number, exp: number): number {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn Math.floor(num / exp) % 10;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfunction countingSortDigit(nums: number[], exp: number): void {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nconst counter = new Array(10).fill(0);\nconst n = nums.length;\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconst d = digit(nums[i], exp); // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d]++; // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor (let i = 1; i &lt; 10; i++) {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nconst res = new Array(n).fill(0);\nfor (let i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nconst d = digit(nums[i], exp);\nconst j = counter[d] - 1; // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i]; // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d]--; // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction radixSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nlet m = Number.MIN_VALUE;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nif (num &gt; m) {\nm = num;\n}\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (let exp = 1; exp &lt;= m; exp *= 10) {\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncountingSortDigit(nums, exp);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nint digit(int num, int exp) {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn (num ~/ exp) % 10;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nvoid countingSortDigit(List&lt;int&gt; nums, int exp) {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nList&lt;int&gt; counter = List&lt;int&gt;.filled(10, 0);\nint n = nums.length;\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp); // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d]++; // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; 10; i++) {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nList&lt;int&gt; res = List&lt;int&gt;.filled(n, 0);\nfor (int i = n - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp);\nint j = counter[d] - 1; // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i]; // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d]--; // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) nums[i] = res[i];\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid radixSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\n// dart \u4e2d int \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 64 \u4f4d\u7684\nint m = -1 &lt;&lt; 63;\nfor (int num in nums) if (num &gt; m) m = num;\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (int exp = 1; exp &lt;= m; exp *= 10)\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncountingSortDigit(nums, exp);\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nfn digit(num: i32, exp: i32) -&gt; usize {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn ((num / exp) % 10) as usize;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nfn counting_sort_digit(nums: &amp;mut [i32], exp: i32) {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nlet mut counter = [0; 10];\nlet n = nums.len();\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor i in 0..n {\nlet d = digit(nums[i], exp); // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d] += 1; // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor i in 1..10 {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nlet mut res = vec![0; n];\nfor i in (0..n).rev() {\nlet d = digit(nums[i], exp);\nlet j = counter[d] - 1; // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i]; // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d] -= 1; // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in 0..n {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nfn radix_sort(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nlet m = *nums.into_iter().max().unwrap();\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nlet mut exp = 1;\nwhile exp &lt;= m {\ncounting_sort_digit(nums, exp);\nexp *= 10;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1) */\nint digit(int num, int exp) {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn (num / exp) % 10;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09 */\nvoid countingSortDigit(int nums[], int size, int exp) {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nint *counter = (int *)malloc((sizeof(int) * 10));\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp);\n// \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\ncounter[d]++;\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nfor (int i = 1; i &lt; 10; i++) {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nint *res = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * size);\nfor (int i = size - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nint d = digit(nums[i], exp);\nint j = counter[d] - 1; // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i];       // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d]--;           // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid radixSort(int nums[], int size) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nint max = INT32_MIN;\nfor (size_t i = 0; i &lt; size - 1; i++) {\nif (nums[i] &gt; max) {\nmax = nums[i];\n}\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfor (int exp = 1; max &gt;= exp; exp *= 10)\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ncountingSortDigit(nums, size, exp);\n}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.zig<pre><code>// \u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20 num \u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d exp = 10^(k-1)\nfn digit(num: i32, exp: i32) i32 {\n// \u4f20\u5165 exp \u800c\u975e k \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u6b21\u65b9\u8ba1\u7b97\nreturn @mod(@divFloor(num, exp), 10);\n}\n// \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u6839\u636e nums \u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\nfn countingSortDigit(nums: []i32, exp: i32) !void {\n// \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 0~9 \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 10 \u7684\u6876\nvar mem_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(std.heap.page_allocator);\n// defer mem_arena.deinit();\nconst mem_allocator = mem_arena.allocator();\nvar counter = try mem_allocator.alloc(usize, 10);\n@memset(counter, 0);\nvar n = nums.len;\n// \u7edf\u8ba1 0~9 \u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nfor (nums) |num| {\nvar d: u32 = @bitCast(digit(num, exp)); // \u83b7\u53d6 nums[i] \u7b2c k \u4f4d\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a d\ncounter[d] += 1; // \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57 d \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n}\n// \u6c42\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2a\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\nvar i: usize = 1;\nwhile (i &lt; 10) : (i += 1) {\ncounter[i] += counter[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6876\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165 res\nvar res = try mem_allocator.alloc(i32, n);\ni = n - 1;\nwhile (i &gt;= 0) : (i -= 1) {\nvar d: u32 = @bitCast(digit(nums[i], exp));\nvar j = counter[d] - 1; // \u83b7\u53d6 d \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 j\nres[j] = nums[i];       // \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7d22\u5f15 j\ncounter[d] -= 1;        // \u5c06 d \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf 1\nif (i == 0) break;\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\ni = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; n) : (i += 1) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n// \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\nfn radixSort(nums: []i32) !void {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\nvar m: i32 = std.math.minInt(i32);\nfor (nums) |num| {\nif (num &gt; m) m = num;\n}\n// \u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5230\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nvar exp: i32 = 1;\nwhile (exp &lt;= m) : (exp *= 10) {\n// \u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c k \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n// k = 1 -&gt; exp = 1\n// k = 2 -&gt; exp = 10\n// \u5373 exp = 10^(k-1)\ntry countingSortDigit(nums, exp);    }\n} </code></pre> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ece\u6700\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5f00\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f</p> <p>\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u8f6e\u6b21\u4e2d\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u8f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u524d\u4e00\u8f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c \\(a &lt; b\\) \uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c \\(a &gt; b\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53d6\u4ee3\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4d\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4f4e\u4f4d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u6392\u5e8f\u4f4e\u4f4d\u518d\u6392\u5e8f\u9ad8\u4f4d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/radix_sort/#11102","title":"11.10.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5fc5\u987b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e14\u4f4d\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fc7\u5927\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4f4d\u6570 \\(k\\) \u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(nk) \\gg O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(nk)\\)\uff1a\u8bbe\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\)\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4e3a \\(d\\) \u8fdb\u5236\u3001\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\u4e3a \\(k\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n + d)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u6240\u6709 \\(k\\) \u4f4d\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O((n + d)k)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\\(d\\) \u548c \\(k\\) \u90fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8d8b\u5411 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + d)\\)\u3001\u975e\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u4e0e\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u548c \\(d\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u548c <code>counter</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u4e0e\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/selection_sort/","title":"11.2 \u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f selection sort\u300d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u63a5\uff1a\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4ece\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-2 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5373\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u7d22\u5f15\uff09\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a \\([0, n-1]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u533a\u95f4 \\([0, n-1]\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15 \\(0\\) \u5904\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u524d 1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u533a\u95f4 \\([1, n-1]\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15 \\(1\\) \u5904\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u524d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7 \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u4ea4\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u524d \\(n - 1\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u4ec5\u5269\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6570\u7ec4\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-2 \u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528 \\(k\\) \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig selection_sort.py<pre><code>def selection_sort(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\nn = len(nums)\n# \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor i in range(n - 1):\n# \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nk = i\nfor j in range(i + 1, n):\nif nums[j] &lt; nums[k]:\nk = j  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n# \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nnums[i], nums[k] = nums[k], nums[i]\n</code></pre> selection_sort.cpp<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid selectionSort(vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;nums) {\nint n = nums.size();\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n - 1; i++) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nint k = i;\nfor (int j = i + 1; j &lt; n; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &lt; nums[k])\nk = j; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nswap(nums[i], nums[k]);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.java<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid selectionSort(int[] nums) {\nint n = nums.length;\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n - 1; i++) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nint k = i;\nfor (int j = i + 1; j &lt; n; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &lt; nums[k])\nk = j; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[k];\nnums[k] = temp;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.cs<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid selectionSort(int[] nums) {\nint n = nums.Length;\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n - 1; i++) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nint k = i;\nfor (int j = i + 1; j &lt; n; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &lt; nums[k])\nk = j; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\n(nums[k], nums[i]) = (nums[i], nums[k]);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.go<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc selectionSort(nums []int) {\nn := len(nums)\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n-1; i++ {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nk := i\nfor j := i + 1; j &lt; n; j++ {\nif nums[j] &lt; nums[k] {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nk = j\n}\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nnums[i], nums[k] = nums[k], nums[i]\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.swift<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc selectionSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor i in nums.indices.dropLast() {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nvar k = i\nfor j in nums.indices.dropFirst(i + 1) {\nif nums[j] &lt; nums[k] {\nk = j // \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nnums.swapAt(i, k)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.js<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction selectionSort(nums) {\nlet n = nums.length;\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n - 1; i++) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nlet k = i;\nfor (let j = i + 1; j &lt; n; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &lt; nums[k]) {\nk = j; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\n[nums[i], nums[k]] = [nums[k], nums[i]];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.ts<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction selectionSort(nums: number[]): void {\nlet n = nums.length;\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n - 1; i++) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nlet k = i;\nfor (let j = i + 1; j &lt; n; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &lt; nums[k]) {\nk = j; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\n[nums[i], nums[k]] = [nums[k], nums[i]];\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.dart<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid selectionSort(List&lt;int&gt; nums) {\nint n = nums.length;\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n - 1; i++) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nint k = i;\nfor (int j = i + 1; j &lt; n; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &lt; nums[k]) k = j; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[k];\nnums[k] = temp;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.rs<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nfn selection_sort(nums: &amp;mut [i32]) {\nlet n = nums.len();\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor i in 0..n-1 {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nlet mut k = i;\nfor j in i+1..n {\nif nums[j] &lt; nums[k] {\nk = j; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nnums.swap(i, k);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.c<pre><code>/* \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid selectionSort(int nums[], int n) {\n// \u5916\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a [i, n-1]\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n - 1; i++) {\n// \u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\nint k = i;\nfor (int j = i + 1; j &lt; n; j++) {\nif (nums[j] &lt; nums[k])\nk = j; // \u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u5c06\u8be5\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[k];\nnums[k] = temp;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/selection_sort/#1121","title":"11.2.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3001\u975e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u5171 \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(2\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5404\u8f6e\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u5206\u522b\u5305\u542b \\(n\\)\u3001\\(n - 1\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(3\\)\u3001\\(2\\) \u8f6e\u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u4e3a \\(\\frac{(n - 1)(n + 2)}{2}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5982\u56fe 11-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5143\u7d20 <code>nums[i]</code> \u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e0e\u5176\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u53f3\u8fb9\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e24\u8005\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002</li> </ul> <p> \u56fe 11-3 \u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u793a\u4f8b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/","title":"11.1 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5 sorting algorithm\u300d\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u6309\u7167\u7279\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 11-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6574\u6570\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u5b57\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5b57\u7b26 ASCII \u7801\u987a\u5e8f\u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-1 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5224\u65ad\u89c4\u5219\u793a\u4f8b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/#1111","title":"11.1.1 \u00a0 \u8bc4\u4ef7\u7ef4\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e14\u603b\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\uff08\u5373\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u964d\u4f4e\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002</p> <p>\u5c31\u5730\u6027\uff1a\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u300c\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u642c\u8fd0\u64cd\u4f5c\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</p> <p>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a\u300c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002</p> <p>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u591a\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u573a\u666f\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u5b66\u751f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u7b2c 1 \u5217\u548c\u7b2c 2 \u5217\u5206\u522b\u662f\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u5e74\u9f84\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u4e27\u5931\u3002</p> <pre><code># \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6309\u7167\u59d3\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u7684\n# (name, age)\n('A', 19)\n('B', 18)\n('C', 21)\n('D', 19)\n('E', 23)\n# \u5047\u8bbe\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6309\u5e74\u9f84\u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\n# \u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d ('D', 19) \u548c ('A', 19) \u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\n# \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6309\u59d3\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4e22\u5931\n('B', 18)\n('D', 19)\n('A', 19)\n('C', 21)\n('E', 23)\n</code></pre> <p>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff1a\u300c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u53d7\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u4f73\u3001\u6700\u5dee\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5dee\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u52a3\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8d1f\u9762\u5c5e\u6027\uff1b\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6b63\u9762\u5c5e\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u662f\u5426\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a\u300c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\\(&lt;\\)\u3001\\(=\\)\u3001\\(&gt;\\)\uff09\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6392\u5e8f\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u4f18\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002\u800c\u300c\u975e\u6bd4\u8f83\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u901a\u7528\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5dee\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/#1112","title":"11.1.2 \u00a0 \u7406\u60f3\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u5feb\u3001\u539f\u5730\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u6b63\u5411\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u3001\u901a\u7528\u6027\u597d\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u517c\u5177\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5171\u540c\u5b66\u4e60\u5404\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/summary/","title":"11.11 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_sorting/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea4\u6362\u76f8\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u5230 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002</li> <li>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u57fa\u4e8e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u9009\u53d6\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002\u5f15\u5165\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u6216\u968f\u673a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u8fd9\u79cd\u52a3\u5316\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c06\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u5230 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u5305\u62ec\u5212\u5206\u548c\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u5730\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5728\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff1b\u7136\u800c\u6392\u5e8f\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6876\u3001\u6876\u5185\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5b83\u540c\u6837\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u3002</li> <li>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u9010\u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002</li> <li>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u539f\u5730\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b63\u5411\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7b49\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe 11-19 \u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u4e3b\u6d41\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u5c31\u5730\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p> \u56fe 11-19 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff1f</p> <p>\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u8eab\u9ad8\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f/</p> <p>\u5148\u6309\u7167\u59d3\u540d\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5f97\u5230 <code>(A, 180) (B, 185) (C, 170) (D, 170)</code> \uff1b\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5bf9\u8eab\u9ad8\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230 <code>(D, 170) (C, 170) (A, 180) (B, 185)</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b66\u751f D \u548c C \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u59d3\u540d\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u770b\u5230\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u4e2d\u201c\u4ece\u53f3\u5f80\u5de6\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5f80\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6362\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u201c\u4ece\u53f3\u5f80\u5de6\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u518d\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5f80\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u6709\u4e9b\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5256\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <p>\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 <code>partition()</code> \u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4ea4\u6362 <code>nums[left]</code> \u548c <code>nums[i]</code> \u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u4ea4\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd <code>&lt;=</code> \u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea4\u6362\u524d <code>nums[left] &gt;= nums[i]</code> \u5fc5\u987b\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5f80\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5728 <code>i == j</code> \u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd <code>nums[j] == nums[i] &gt; nums[left]</code>\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5931\u8d25\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>[0, 0, 0, 0, 1]</code> \uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5148\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\uff0c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u540e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a <code>[1, 0, 0, 0, 0]</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u518d\u6df1\u5165\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9 <code>nums[right]</code> \u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b63\u597d\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5f80\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u5173\u4e8e\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u77ed\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(\\log n\\) \uff1f</p> <p>\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u672a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5728\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u4e3a\u4e00\u534a\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u5c31\u662f \\(\\log n\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u56de\u987e\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\u9012\u5f52\u957f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e3a \\(n\\)\u3001\\(n - 1\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u3002\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u76f8\u7b49\u65f6\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(n^2)\\) \u5417\uff1f\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u79cd\u9000\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\uff1f</p> <p>\u662f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u3001\u7b49\u4e8e\u3001\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u3002\u4ec5\u5411\u4e0b\u9012\u5f52\u5c0f\u4e8e\u548c\u5927\u4e8e\u7684\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u5168\u90e8\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ec5\u4e00\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff1f</p> <p>\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u88ab\u5206\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u6392\u5e8f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/","title":"\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6808\u4e0e\u961f\u5217","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6808\u5982\u540c\u53e0\u732b\u732b\uff0c\u800c\u961f\u5217\u5c31\u50cf\u732b\u732b\u6392\u961f\u3002</p> <p>\u4e24\u8005\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u548c\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>5.1 \u00a0 \u6808</li> <li>5.2 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217</li> <li>5.3 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217</li> <li>5.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/","title":"5.3 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217","text":"<p>\u5728\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u80fd\u5728\u5934\u90e8\u5220\u9664\u6216\u5728\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u56fe 5-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 double-ended queue\u300d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5934\u90e8\u548c\u5c3e\u90e8\u6267\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-7 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c </p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#531","title":"5.3.1 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u8868 5-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 5-3 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387 </p> \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u63cf\u8ff0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 pushFirst() \u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996 \\(O(1)\\) pushLast() \u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e \\(O(1)\\) popFirst() \u5220\u9664\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) popLast() \u5220\u9664\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) peekFirst() \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) peekLast() \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig deque.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\ndeque: deque[int] = collections.deque()\n# \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f\ndeque.append(2)      # \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.append(5)\ndeque.append(4)\ndeque.appendleft(3)  # \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.appendleft(1)\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\nfront: int = deque[0]  # \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nrear: int = deque[-1]  # \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n# \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\npop_front: int = deque.popleft()  # \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\npop_rear: int = deque.pop()       # \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nsize: int = len(deque)\n# \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\nis_empty: bool = len(deque) == 0\n</code></pre> deque.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\ndeque&lt;int&gt; deque;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push_back(2);   // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.push_back(5);\ndeque.push_back(4);\ndeque.push_front(3);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.push_front(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint front = deque.front(); // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint back = deque.back();   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\ndeque.pop_front();  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\ndeque.pop_back();   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = deque.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty = deque.empty();\n</code></pre> deque.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nDeque&lt;Integer&gt; deque = new LinkedList&lt;&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.offerLast(2);   // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.offerLast(5);\ndeque.offerLast(4);\ndeque.offerFirst(3);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.offerFirst(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst = deque.peekFirst();  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint peekLast = deque.peekLast();    // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint popFirst = deque.pollFirst();  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\nint popLast = deque.pollLast();    // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = deque.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nboolean isEmpty = deque.isEmpty();\n</code></pre> deque.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 C# \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u94fe\u8868 LinkedList \u770b\u4f5c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nLinkedList&lt;int&gt; deque = new LinkedList&lt;int&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.AddLast(2);   // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.AddLast(5);\ndeque.AddLast(4);\ndeque.AddFirst(3);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.AddFirst(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst = deque.First.Value;  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint peekLast = deque.Last.Value;    // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\ndeque.RemoveFirst();  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\ndeque.RemoveLast();   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = deque.Count;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = deque.Count == 0;\n</code></pre> deque_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06 list \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\ndeque := list.New()\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.PushBack(2)      // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.PushBack(5)\ndeque.PushBack(4)\ndeque.PushFront(3)     // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.PushFront(1)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nfront := deque.Front() // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nrear := deque.Back()   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\ndeque.Remove(front)    // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\ndeque.Remove(rear)     // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize := deque.Len()\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty := deque.Len() == 0\n</code></pre> deque.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// Swift \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nvar deque: [Int] = []\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.append(2) // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.append(5)\ndeque.append(4)\ndeque.insert(3, at: 0) // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.insert(1, at: 0)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet peekFirst = deque.first! // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nlet peekLast = deque.last! // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 Array \u6a21\u62df\u65f6 popFirst \u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nlet popFirst = deque.removeFirst() // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\nlet popLast = deque.removeLast() // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = deque.count\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet isEmpty = deque.isEmpty\n</code></pre> deque.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// JavaScript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nconst deque = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push(2);\ndeque.push(5);\ndeque.push(4);\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cunshift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\ndeque.unshift(3);\ndeque.unshift(1);\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 deque = \", deque);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peekFirst = deque[0];\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 peekFirst = \" + peekFirst);\nconst peekLast = deque[deque.length - 1];\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 peekLast = \" + peekLast);\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cshift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nconst popFront = deque.shift();\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u5143\u7d20 popFront = \" + popFront + \"\uff0c\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u540e deque = \" + deque);\nconst popBack = deque.pop();\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u5143\u7d20 popBack = \" + popBack + \"\uff0c\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u540e deque = \" + deque);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = deque.length;\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6 size = \" + size);\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst isEmpty = size === 0;\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a = \" + isEmpty);\n</code></pre> deque.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// TypeScript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nconst deque: number[] = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push(2);\ndeque.push(5);\ndeque.push(4);\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cunshift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\ndeque.unshift(3);\ndeque.unshift(1);\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 deque = \", deque);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peekFirst: number = deque[0];\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 peekFirst = \" + peekFirst);\nconst peekLast: number = deque[deque.length - 1];\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 peekLast = \" + peekLast);\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cshift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nconst popFront: number = deque.shift() as number;\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u5143\u7d20 popFront = \" + popFront + \"\uff0c\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u540e deque = \" + deque);\nconst popBack: number = deque.pop() as number;\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u5143\u7d20 popBack = \" + popBack + \"\uff0c\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u540e deque = \" + deque);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size: number = deque.length;\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6 size = \" + size);\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst isEmpty: boolean = size === 0;\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a = \" + isEmpty);\n</code></pre> deque.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Dart \u4e2d\uff0cQueue \u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\nQueue&lt;int&gt; deque = Queue&lt;int&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.addLast(2);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.addLast(5);\ndeque.addLast(4);\ndeque.addFirst(3); // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.addFirst(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst = deque.first; // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint peekLast = deque.last;   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint popFirst = deque.removeFirst(); // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\nint popLast = deque.removeLast();   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = deque.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = deque.isEmpty;W\n</code></pre> deque.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nlet mut deque: VecDeque&lt;u32&gt; = VecDeque::new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push_back(2);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.push_back(5);\ndeque.push_back(4);\ndeque.push_front(3); // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.push_front(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nif let Some(front) = deque.front() { // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\n}\nif let Some(rear) = deque.back() {   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n}\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nif let Some(pop_front) = deque.pop_front() { // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n}\nif let Some(pop_rear) = deque.pop_back() {   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = deque.len();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet is_empty = deque.is_empty();\n</code></pre> deque.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\n</code></pre> deque.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#532","title":"5.3.2 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5b9e\u73b0 *","text":"<p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u56de\u987e\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u548c\u5728\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5934\u90e8\u548c\u5c3e\u90e8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u79f0\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 5-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u89c6\u4e3a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u961f\u9996\u548c\u961f\u5c3e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u4e24\u7aef\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002</p> LinkedListDequepushLast()pushFirst()popLast()popFirst() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-8 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5165\u961f\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linkedlist_deque.py<pre><code>class ListNode:\n\"\"\"\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.val: int = val\nself.next: ListNode | None = None  # \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nself.prev: ListNode | None = None  # \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nclass LinkedListDeque:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.front: ListNode | None = None  # \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\nself.rear: ListNode | None = None  # \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nself.__size: int = 0  # \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\ndef size(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\"\"\"\nreturn self.__size\ndef is_empty(self) -&gt; bool:\n\"\"\"\u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\"\"\"\nreturn self.size() == 0\ndef push(self, num: int, is_front: bool):\n\"\"\"\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\nnode = ListNode(num)\n# \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif self.is_empty():\nself.front = self.rear = node\n# \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelif is_front:\n# \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\nself.front.prev = node\nnode.next = self.front\nself.front = node  # \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n# \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse:\n# \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nself.rear.next = node\nnode.prev = self.rear\nself.rear = node  # \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nself.__size += 1  # \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\ndef push_first(self, num: int):\n\"\"\"\u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\"\"\"\nself.push(num, True)\ndef push_last(self, num: int):\n\"\"\"\u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\"\"\"\nself.push(num, False)\ndef pop(self, is_front: bool) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n# \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nif is_front:\nval: int = self.front.val  # \u6682\u5b58\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n# \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nfnext: ListNode | None = self.front.next\nif fnext != None:\nfnext.prev = None\nself.front.next = None\nself.front = fnext  # \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n# \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse:\nval: int = self.rear.val  # \u6682\u5b58\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n# \u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nrprev: ListNode | None = self.rear.prev\nif rprev != None:\nrprev.next = None\nself.rear.prev = None\nself.rear = rprev  # \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nself.__size -= 1  # \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nreturn val\ndef pop_first(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\"\"\"\nreturn self.pop(True)\ndef pop_last(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\"\"\"\nreturn self.pop(False)\ndef peek_first(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\nreturn self.front.val\ndef peek_last(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\nreturn self.rear.val\ndef to_array(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370\"\"\"\nnode = self.front\nres = [0] * self.size()\nfor i in range(self.size()):\nres[i] = node.val\nnode = node.next\nreturn res\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.cpp<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 */\nstruct DoublyListNode {\nint val;              // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nDoublyListNode *next; // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nDoublyListNode *prev; // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nDoublyListNode(int val) : val(val), prev(nullptr), next(nullptr) {\n}\n};\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListDeque {\nprivate:\nDoublyListNode *front, *rear; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front \uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nint queSize = 0;              // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npublic:\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nLinkedListDeque() : front(nullptr), rear(nullptr) {\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u65b9\u6cd5 */\n~LinkedListDeque() {\n// \u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nDoublyListNode *pre, *cur = front;\nwhile (cur != nullptr) {\npre = cur;\ncur = cur-&gt;next;\ndelete pre;\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid push(int num, bool isFront) {\nDoublyListNode *node = new DoublyListNode(num);\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif (isEmpty())\nfront = rear = node;\n// \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse if (isFront) {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\nfront-&gt;prev = node;\nnode-&gt;next = front;\nfront = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\n} else {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nrear-&gt;next = node;\nnode-&gt;prev = rear;\nrear = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nqueSize++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushFirst(int num) {\npush(num, true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushLast(int num) {\npush(num, false);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nint pop(bool isFront) {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nint val;\n// \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nif (isFront) {\nval = front-&gt;val; // \u6682\u5b58\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nDoublyListNode *fNext = front-&gt;next;\nif (fNext != nullptr) {\nfNext-&gt;prev = nullptr;\nfront-&gt;next = nullptr;\ndelete front;\n}\nfront = fNext; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\n} else {\nval = rear-&gt;val; // \u6682\u5b58\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nDoublyListNode *rPrev = rear-&gt;prev;\nif (rPrev != nullptr) {\nrPrev-&gt;next = nullptr;\nrear-&gt;prev = nullptr;\ndelete rear;\n}\nrear = rPrev; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nqueSize--; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nint popFirst() {\nreturn pop(true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nint popLast() {\nreturn pop(false);\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn front-&gt;val;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekLast() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn rear-&gt;val;\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; toVector() {\nDoublyListNode *node = front;\nvector&lt;int&gt; res(size());\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; res.size(); i++) {\nres[i] = node-&gt;val;\nnode = node-&gt;next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n};\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.java<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 */\nclass ListNode {\nint val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next; // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nListNode prev; // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(int val) {\nthis.val = val;\nprev = next = null;\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListDeque {\nprivate ListNode front, rear; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front \uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nprivate int queSize = 0; // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npublic LinkedListDeque() {\nfront = rear = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic boolean isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nprivate void push(int num, boolean isFront) {\nListNode node = new ListNode(num);\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif (isEmpty())\nfront = rear = node;\n// \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse if (isFront) {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\nfront.prev = node;\nnode.next = front;\nfront = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\n} else {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nrear.next = node;\nnode.prev = rear;\nrear = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nqueSize++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\npublic void pushFirst(int num) {\npush(num, true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\npublic void pushLast(int num) {\npush(num, false);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nprivate int pop(boolean isFront) {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nint val;\n// \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nif (isFront) {\nval = front.val; // \u6682\u5b58\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nListNode fNext = front.next;\nif (fNext != null) {\nfNext.prev = null;\nfront.next = null;\n}\nfront = fNext; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\n} else {\nval = rear.val; // \u6682\u5b58\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nListNode rPrev = rear.prev;\nif (rPrev != null) {\nrPrev.next = null;\nrear.prev = null;\n}\nrear = rPrev; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nqueSize--; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\npublic int popFirst() {\nreturn pop(true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\npublic int popLast() {\nreturn pop(false);\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peekFirst() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nreturn front.val;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peekLast() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nreturn rear.val;\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\npublic int[] toArray() {\nListNode node = front;\nint[] res = new int[size()];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; res.length; i++) {\nres[i] = node.val;\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.cs<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 */\nclass ListNode {\npublic int val;       // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\npublic ListNode? next; // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\npublic ListNode? prev; // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\npublic ListNode(int val) {\nthis.val = val;\nprev = null;\nnext = null;\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListDeque {\nprivate ListNode? front, rear; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front, \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nprivate int queSize = 0;      // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npublic LinkedListDeque() {\nfront = null;\nrear = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic bool isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nprivate void push(int num, bool isFront) {\nListNode node = new ListNode(num);\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif (isEmpty()) {\nfront = node;\nrear = node;\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse if (isFront) {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\nfront.prev = node;\nnode.next = front;\nfront = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9                           \n}\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nrear.next = node;\nnode.prev = rear;\nrear = node;  // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nqueSize++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\npublic void pushFirst(int num) {\npush(num, true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\npublic void pushLast(int num) {\npush(num, false);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nprivate int? pop(bool isFront) {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new Exception();\nint val;\n// \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nif (isFront) {\nval = front.val; // \u6682\u5b58\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nListNode fNext = front.next;\nif (fNext != null) {\nfNext.prev = null;\nfront.next = null;\n}\nfront = fNext;   // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n}\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse {\nval = rear.val;  // \u6682\u5b58\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nListNode rPrev = rear.prev;\nif (rPrev != null) {\nrPrev.next = null;\nrear.prev = null;\n}\nrear = rPrev;    // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nqueSize--; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\npublic int? popFirst() {\nreturn pop(true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\npublic int? popLast() {\nreturn pop(false);\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int? peekFirst() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new Exception();\nreturn front.val;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int? peekLast() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new Exception();\nreturn rear.val;\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\npublic int[] toArray() {\nListNode node = front;\nint[] res = new int[size()];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; res.Length; i++) {\nres[i] = node.val;\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.go<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\ntype linkedListDeque struct {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u5305 list\ndata *list.List\n}\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217 */\nfunc newLinkedListDeque() *linkedListDeque {\nreturn &amp;linkedListDeque{\ndata: list.New(),\n}\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nfunc (s *linkedListDeque) pushFirst(value any) {\ns.data.PushFront(value)\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nfunc (s *linkedListDeque) pushLast(value any) {\ns.data.PushBack(value)\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nfunc (s *linkedListDeque) popFirst() any {\nif s.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\ne := s.data.Front()\ns.data.Remove(e)\nreturn e.Value\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nfunc (s *linkedListDeque) popLast() any {\nif s.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\ne := s.data.Back()\ns.data.Remove(e)\nreturn e.Value\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (s *linkedListDeque) peekFirst() any {\nif s.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\ne := s.data.Front()\nreturn e.Value\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (s *linkedListDeque) peekLast() any {\nif s.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\ne := s.data.Back()\nreturn e.Value\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc (s *linkedListDeque) size() int {\nreturn s.data.Len()\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc (s *linkedListDeque) isEmpty() bool {\nreturn s.data.Len() == 0\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6 List \u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nfunc (s *linkedListDeque) toList() *list.List {\nreturn s.data\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.swift<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 */\nclass ListNode {\nvar val: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nvar next: ListNode? // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nweak var prev: ListNode? // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\ninit(val: Int) {\nself.val = val\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListDeque {\nprivate var front: ListNode? // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\nprivate var rear: ListNode? // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nprivate var queSize: Int // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\ninit() {\nqueSize = 0\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc size() -&gt; Int {\nqueSize\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc isEmpty() -&gt; Bool {\nsize() == 0\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nprivate func push(num: Int, isFront: Bool) {\nlet node = ListNode(val: num)\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif isEmpty() {\nfront = node\nrear = node\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse if isFront {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\nfront?.prev = node\nnode.next = front\nfront = node // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n}\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nrear?.next = node\nnode.prev = rear\nrear = node // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nqueSize += 1 // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\nfunc pushFirst(num: Int) {\npush(num: num, isFront: true)\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\nfunc pushLast(num: Int) {\npush(num: num, isFront: false)\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nprivate func pop(isFront: Bool) -&gt; Int {\nif isEmpty() {\nfatalError(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n}\nlet val: Int\n// \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nif isFront {\nval = front!.val // \u6682\u5b58\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nlet fNext = front?.next\nif fNext != nil {\nfNext?.prev = nil\nfront?.next = nil\n}\nfront = fNext // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n}\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse {\nval = rear!.val // \u6682\u5b58\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nlet rPrev = rear?.prev\nif rPrev != nil {\nrPrev?.next = nil\nrear?.prev = nil\n}\nrear = rPrev // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nqueSize -= 1 // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nreturn val\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nfunc popFirst() -&gt; Int {\npop(isFront: true)\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nfunc popLast() -&gt; Int {\npop(isFront: false)\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc peekFirst() -&gt; Int? {\nisEmpty() ? nil : front?.val\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc peekLast() -&gt; Int? {\nisEmpty() ? nil : rear?.val\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nfunc toArray() -&gt; [Int] {\nvar node = front\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: size())\nfor i in res.indices {\nres[i] = node!.val\nnode = node?.next\n}\nreturn res\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.js<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 */\nclass ListNode {\nprev; // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528 (\u6307\u9488)\nnext; // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528 (\u6307\u9488)\nval; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nconstructor(val) {\nthis.val = val;\nthis.next = null;\nthis.prev = null;\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListDeque {\n#front; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\n#rear; // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\n#queSize; // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nconstructor() {\nthis.#front = null;\nthis.#rear = null;\nthis.#queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npushLast(val) {\nconst node = new ListNode(val);\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif (this.#queSize === 0) {\nthis.#front = node;\nthis.#rear = node;\n} else {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nthis.#rear.next = node;\nnode.prev = this.#rear;\nthis.#rear = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nthis.#queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npushFirst(val) {\nconst node = new ListNode(val);\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif (this.#queSize === 0) {\nthis.#front = node;\nthis.#rear = node;\n} else {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\nthis.#front.prev = node;\nnode.next = this.#front;\nthis.#front = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n}\nthis.#queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npopLast() {\nif (this.#queSize === 0) {\nreturn null;\n}\nconst value = this.#rear.val; // \u5b58\u50a8\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nlet temp = this.#rear.prev;\nif (temp !== null) {\ntemp.next = null;\nthis.#rear.prev = null;\n}\nthis.#rear = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nthis.#queSize--;\nreturn value;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npopFirst() {\nif (this.#queSize === 0) {\nreturn null;\n}\nconst value = this.#front.val; // \u5b58\u50a8\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nlet temp = this.#front.next;\nif (temp !== null) {\ntemp.prev = null;\nthis.#front.next = null;\n}\nthis.#front = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nthis.#queSize--;\nreturn value;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\npeekLast() {\nreturn this.#queSize === 0 ? null : this.#rear.val;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeekFirst() {\nreturn this.#queSize === 0 ? null : this.#front.val;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize() {\nreturn this.#queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty() {\nreturn this.#queSize === 0;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nprint() {\nconst arr = [];\nlet temp = this.#front;\nwhile (temp !== null) {\narr.push(temp.val);\ntemp = temp.next;\n}\nconsole.log('[' + arr.join(', ') + ']');\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.ts<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 */\nclass ListNode {\nprev: ListNode; // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528 (\u6307\u9488)\nnext: ListNode; // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528 (\u6307\u9488)\nval: number; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nconstructor(val: number) {\nthis.val = val;\nthis.next = null;\nthis.prev = null;\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListDeque {\nprivate front: ListNode; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\nprivate rear: ListNode; // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nprivate queSize: number; // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nconstructor() {\nthis.front = null;\nthis.rear = null;\nthis.queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npushLast(val: number): void {\nconst node: ListNode = new ListNode(val);\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif (this.queSize === 0) {\nthis.front = node;\nthis.rear = node;\n} else {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nthis.rear.next = node;\nnode.prev = this.rear;\nthis.rear = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nthis.queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npushFirst(val: number): void {\nconst node: ListNode = new ListNode(val);\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif (this.queSize === 0) {\nthis.front = node;\nthis.rear = node;\n} else {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\nthis.front.prev = node;\nnode.next = this.front;\nthis.front = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n}\nthis.queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npopLast(): number {\nif (this.queSize === 0) {\nreturn null;\n}\nconst value: number = this.rear.val; // \u5b58\u50a8\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nlet temp: ListNode = this.rear.prev;\nif (temp !== null) {\ntemp.next = null;\nthis.rear.prev = null;\n}\nthis.rear = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nthis.queSize--;\nreturn value;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npopFirst(): number {\nif (this.queSize === 0) {\nreturn null;\n}\nconst value: number = this.front.val; // \u5b58\u50a8\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nlet temp: ListNode = this.front.next;\nif (temp !== null) {\ntemp.prev = null;\nthis.front.next = null;\n}\nthis.front = temp; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nthis.queSize--;\nreturn value;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\npeekLast(): number {\nreturn this.queSize === 0 ? null : this.rear.val;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeekFirst(): number {\nreturn this.queSize === 0 ? null : this.front.val;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize(): number {\nreturn this.queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty(): boolean {\nreturn this.queSize === 0;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nprint(): void {\nconst arr: number[] = [];\nlet temp: ListNode = this.front;\nwhile (temp !== null) {\narr.push(temp.val);\ntemp = temp.next;\n}\nconsole.log('[' + arr.join(', ') + ']');\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.dart<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 */\nclass ListNode {\nint val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode? next; // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nListNode? prev; // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(this.val, {this.next, this.prev});\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u5bf9\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListDeque {\nlate ListNode? _front; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 _front\nlate ListNode? _rear; // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 _rear\nint _queSize = 0; // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nLinkedListDeque() {\nthis._front = null;\nthis._rear = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn this._queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nvoid push(int num, bool isFront) {\nfinal ListNode node = ListNode(num);\nif (isEmpty()) {\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 _front \u548c _rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\n_front = _rear = node;\n} else if (isFront) {\n// \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\n_front!.prev = node;\nnode.next = _front;\n_front = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n} else {\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\n_rear!.next = node;\nnode.prev = _rear;\n_rear = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\n_queSize++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushFirst(int num) {\npush(num, true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushLast(int num) {\npush(num, false);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\nint? pop(bool isFront) {\n// \u82e5\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de null\nif (isEmpty()) {\nreturn null;\n}\nfinal int val;\nif (isFront) {\n// \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nval = _front!.val; // \u6682\u5b58\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nListNode? fNext = _front!.next;\nif (fNext != null) {\nfNext.prev = null;\n_front!.next = null;\n}\n_front = fNext; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n} else {\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nval = _rear!.val; // \u6682\u5b58\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nListNode? rPrev = _rear!.prev;\nif (rPrev != null) {\nrPrev.next = null;\n_rear!.prev = null;\n}\n_rear = rPrev; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\n_queSize--; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nint? popFirst() {\nreturn pop(true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nint? popLast() {\nreturn pop(false);\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint? peekFirst() {\nreturn _front?.val;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nint? peekLast() {\nreturn _rear?.val;\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nList&lt;int&gt; toArray() {\nListNode? node = _front;\nfinal List&lt;int&gt; res = [];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; _queSize; i++) {\nres.add(node!.val);\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.rs<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 */\npub struct ListNode&lt;T&gt; {\npub val: T,                                 // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\npub next: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;, // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\npub prev: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;, // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\n}\nimpl&lt;T&gt; ListNode&lt;T&gt; {\npub fn new(val: T) -&gt; Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt; {\nRc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode {\nval,\nnext: None,\nprev: None,\n}))\n}\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n#[allow(dead_code)]\npub struct LinkedListDeque&lt;T&gt; {\nfront: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;,    // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\nrear: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;,     // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear \nque_size: usize,                            // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\n}\nimpl&lt;T: Copy&gt; LinkedListDeque&lt;T&gt; {\npub fn new() -&gt; Self {\nSelf {\nfront: None,\nrear: None,\nque_size: 0, }\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npub fn size(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nreturn self.que_size;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npub fn is_empty(&amp;self) -&gt; bool {\nreturn self.size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npub fn push(&amp;mut self, num: T, is_front: bool) {\nlet node = ListNode::new(num);\n// \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nif is_front {\nmatch self.front.take() {\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nNone =&gt; {\nself.rear = Some(node.clone());\nself.front = Some(node);\n}\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\nSome(old_front) =&gt; {\nold_front.borrow_mut().prev = Some(node.clone());\nnode.borrow_mut().next = Some(old_front);\nself.front = Some(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n}\n}\n} // \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse {\nmatch self.rear.take() {\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nNone =&gt; {\nself.front = Some(node.clone());\nself.rear = Some(node);\n}\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nSome(old_rear) =&gt; {\nold_rear.borrow_mut().next = Some(node.clone());\nnode.borrow_mut().prev = Some(old_rear);\nself.rear = Some(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\n}\n}\nself.que_size += 1; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\npub fn push_first(&amp;mut self, num: T) {\nself.push(num, true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\npub fn push_last(&amp;mut self, num: T) {\nself.push(num, false);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c */\npub fn pop(&amp;mut self, is_front: bool) -&gt; Option&lt;T&gt; {\n// \u82e5\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de None\nif self.is_empty() { return None };\n// \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nif is_front {\nself.front.take().map(|old_front| {\nmatch old_front.borrow_mut().next.take() {\nSome(new_front) =&gt; {\nnew_front.borrow_mut().prev.take();\nself.front = Some(new_front);   // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n}\nNone =&gt; {\nself.rear.take();\n}\n}\nself.que_size -= 1; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nRc::try_unwrap(old_front).ok().unwrap().into_inner().val\n})\n} // \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse {\nself.rear.take().map(|old_rear| {\nmatch old_rear.borrow_mut().prev.take() {\nSome(new_rear) =&gt; {\nnew_rear.borrow_mut().next.take();\nself.rear = Some(new_rear);     // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nNone =&gt; {\nself.front.take();\n}\n}\nself.que_size -= 1; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nRc::try_unwrap(old_rear).ok().unwrap().into_inner().val\n})\n}\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\npub fn pop_first(&amp;mut self) -&gt; Option&lt;T&gt; {\nreturn self.pop(true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\npub fn pop_last(&amp;mut self) -&gt; Option&lt;T&gt; {\nreturn self.pop(false);\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npub fn peek_first(&amp;self) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; {\nself.front.as_ref()\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\npub fn peek_last(&amp;self) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; {\nself.rear.as_ref()\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\npub fn to_array(&amp;self, head: Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;) -&gt; Vec&lt;T&gt; {\nif let Some(node) = head {\nlet mut nums = self.to_array(node.borrow().next.as_ref());\nnums.insert(0, node.borrow().val);\nreturn nums;\n}\nreturn Vec::new();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.c<pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 */\nstruct doublyListNode {\nint val;                     // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nstruct doublyListNode *next; // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\nstruct doublyListNode *prev; // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\n};\ntypedef struct doublyListNode doublyListNode;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\ndoublyListNode *newDoublyListNode(int num) {\ndoublyListNode *new = (doublyListNode *)malloc(sizeof(doublyListNode));\nnew-&gt;val = num;\nnew-&gt;next = NULL;\nnew-&gt;prev = NULL;\nreturn new;\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid delDoublyListNode(doublyListNode *node) {\nfree(node);\n}\n/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nstruct linkedListDeque {\ndoublyListNode *front, *rear; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front \uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nint queSize;                  // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\n};\ntypedef struct linkedListDeque linkedListDeque;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nlinkedListDeque *newLinkedListDeque() {\nlinkedListDeque *deque = (linkedListDeque *)malloc(sizeof(linkedListDeque));\ndeque-&gt;front = NULL;\ndeque-&gt;rear = NULL;\ndeque-&gt;queSize = 0;\nreturn deque;\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid delLinkedListdeque(linkedListDeque *deque) {\n// \u91ca\u653e\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; deque-&gt;queSize &amp;&amp; deque-&gt;front != NULL; i++) {\ndoublyListNode *tmp = deque-&gt;front;\ndeque-&gt;front = deque-&gt;front-&gt;next;\nfree(tmp);\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e deque \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\nfree(deque);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size(linkedListDeque *deque) {\nreturn deque-&gt;queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty(linkedListDeque *deque) {\nreturn (size(deque) == 0);\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nvoid push(linkedListDeque *deque, int num, bool isFront) {\ndoublyListNode *node = newDoublyListNode(num);\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411node\nif (empty(deque)) {\ndeque-&gt;front = deque-&gt;rear = node;\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse if (isFront) {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\ndeque-&gt;front-&gt;prev = node;\nnode-&gt;next = deque-&gt;front;\ndeque-&gt;front = node; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n}\n// \u5bf9\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\ndeque-&gt;rear-&gt;next = node;\nnode-&gt;prev = deque-&gt;rear;\ndeque-&gt;rear = node;\n}\ndeque-&gt;queSize++; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushFirst(linkedListDeque *deque, int num) {\npush(deque, num, true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushLast(linkedListDeque *deque, int num) {\npush(deque, num, false);\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst(linkedListDeque *deque) {\nassert(size(deque) &amp;&amp; deque-&gt;front);\nreturn deque-&gt;front-&gt;val;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekLast(linkedListDeque *deque) {\nassert(size(deque) &amp;&amp; deque-&gt;rear);\nreturn deque-&gt;rear-&gt;val;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nint pop(linkedListDeque *deque, bool isFront) {\nif (empty(deque))\nreturn -1;\nint val;\n// \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nif (isFront) {\nval = peekFirst(deque); // \u6682\u5b58\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u503c\ndoublyListNode *fNext = deque-&gt;front-&gt;next;\nif (fNext) {\nfNext-&gt;prev = NULL;\ndeque-&gt;front-&gt;next = NULL;\ndelDoublyListNode(deque-&gt;front);\n}\ndeque-&gt;front = fNext; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n}\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nelse {\nval = peekLast(deque); // \u6682\u5b58\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\ndoublyListNode *rPrev = deque-&gt;rear-&gt;prev;\nif (rPrev) {\nrPrev-&gt;next = NULL;\ndeque-&gt;rear-&gt;prev = NULL;\ndelDoublyListNode(deque-&gt;rear);\n}\ndeque-&gt;rear = rPrev; // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\ndeque-&gt;queSize--; // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nint popFirst(linkedListDeque *deque) {\nreturn pop(deque, true);\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nint popLast(linkedListDeque *deque) {\nreturn pop(deque, false);\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u961f\u5217 */\nvoid printLinkedListDeque(linkedListDeque *deque) {\nint arr[deque-&gt;queSize];\n// \u62f7\u8d1d\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\nint i;\ndoublyListNode *node;\nfor (i = 0, node = deque-&gt;front; i &lt; deque-&gt;queSize; i++) {\narr[i] = node-&gt;val;\nnode = node-&gt;next;\n}\nprintArray(arr, deque-&gt;queSize);\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.zig<pre><code>// \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\nfn ListNode(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nval: T = undefined,     // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnext: ?*Self = null,    // \u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nprev: ?*Self = null,    // \u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\n// Initialize a list node with specific value\npub fn init(self: *Self, x: i32) void {\nself.val = x;\nself.next = null;\nself.prev = null;\n}\n};\n}\n// \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\nfn LinkedListDeque(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nfront: ?*ListNode(T) = null,                    // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\nrear: ?*ListNode(T) = null,                     // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nque_size: usize = 0,                             // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nmem_arena: ?std.heap.ArenaAllocator = null,\nmem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator = undefined,   // \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58+\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff09\npub fn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) {\nself.mem_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(allocator);\nself.mem_allocator = self.mem_arena.?.allocator();\n}\nself.front = null;\nself.rear = null;\nself.que_size = 0;\n}\n// \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff09\npub fn deinit(self: *Self) void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) return;\nself.mem_arena.?.deinit();\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npub fn size(self: *Self) usize {\nreturn self.que_size;\n}\n// \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\npub fn isEmpty(self: *Self) bool {\nreturn self.size() == 0;\n}\n// \u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\npub fn push(self: *Self, num: T, is_front: bool) !void {\nvar node = try self.mem_allocator.create(ListNode(T));\nnode.init(num);\n// \u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4 front, rear \u90fd\u6307\u5411 node\nif (self.isEmpty()) {\nself.front = node;\nself.rear = node;\n// \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\n} else if (is_front) {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\nself.front.?.prev = node;\nnode.next = self.front;\nself.front = node;  // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\n} else {\n// \u5c06 node \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\nself.rear.?.next = node;\nnode.prev = self.rear;\nself.rear = node;   // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nself.que_size += 1;      // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n} // \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\npub fn pushFirst(self: *Self, num: T) !void {\ntry self.push(num, true);\n} // \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\npub fn pushLast(self: *Self, num: T) !void {\ntry self.push(num, false);\n} // \u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\npub fn pop(self: *Self, is_front: bool) T {\nif (self.isEmpty()) @panic(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nvar val: T = undefined;\n// \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\nif (is_front) {\nval = self.front.?.val;     // \u6682\u5b58\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nvar fNext = self.front.?.next;\nif (fNext != null) {\nfNext.?.prev = null;\nself.front.?.next = null;\n}\nself.front = fNext;         // \u66f4\u65b0\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n// \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\n} else {\nval = self.rear.?.val;      // \u6682\u5b58\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u503c\n// \u5220\u9664\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nvar rPrev = self.rear.?.prev;\nif (rPrev != null) {\nrPrev.?.next = null;\nself.rear.?.prev = null;\n}\nself.rear = rPrev;          // \u66f4\u65b0\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\n}\nself.que_size -= 1;              // \u66f4\u65b0\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nreturn val;\n} // \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\npub fn popFirst(self: *Self) T {\nreturn self.pop(true);\n} // \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\npub fn popLast(self: *Self) T {\nreturn self.pop(false);\n} // \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\npub fn peekFirst(self: *Self) T {\nif (self.isEmpty()) @panic(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn self.front.?.val;\n}  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\npub fn peekLast(self: *Self) T {\nif (self.isEmpty()) @panic(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn self.rear.?.val;\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370\npub fn toArray(self: *Self) ![]T {\nvar node = self.front;\nvar res = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, self.size());\n@memset(res, @as(T, 0));\nvar i: usize = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; res.len) : (i += 1) {\nres[i] = node.?.val;\nnode = node.?.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 5-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u3002</p> ArrayDequepushLast()pushFirst()popLast()popFirst() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-9 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5165\u961f\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u5728\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700\u589e\u52a0\u201c\u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_deque.py<pre><code>class ArrayDeque:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, capacity: int):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.__nums: list[int] = [0] * capacity\nself.__front: int = 0\nself.__size: int = 0\ndef capacity(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\"\"\"\nreturn len(self.__nums)\ndef size(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\"\"\"\nreturn self.__size\ndef is_empty(self) -&gt; bool:\n\"\"\"\u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\"\"\"\nreturn self.__size == 0\ndef index(self, i: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\"\"\"\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n# \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n# \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn (i + self.capacity()) % self.capacity()\ndef push_first(self, num: int):\n\"\"\"\u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\"\"\"\nif self.__size == self.capacity():\nprint(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\")\nreturn\n# \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nself.__front = self.index(self.__front - 1)\n# \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nself.__nums[self.__front] = num\nself.__size += 1\ndef push_last(self, num: int):\n\"\"\"\u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\"\"\"\nif self.__size == self.capacity():\nprint(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\")\nreturn\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nrear = self.index(self.__front + self.__size)\n# \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nself.__nums[rear] = num\nself.__size += 1\ndef pop_first(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\"\"\"\nnum = self.peek_first()\n# \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nself.__front = self.index(self.__front + 1)\nself.__size -= 1\nreturn num\ndef pop_last(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\"\"\"\nnum = self.peek_last()\nself.__size -= 1\nreturn num\ndef peek_first(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\nreturn self.__nums[self.__front]\ndef peek_last(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nlast = self.index(self.__front + self.__size - 1)\nreturn self.__nums[last]\ndef to_array(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370\"\"\"\n# \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nres = []\nfor i in range(self.__size):\nres.append(self.__nums[self.index(self.__front + i)])\nreturn res\n</code></pre> array_deque.cpp<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayDeque {\nprivate:\nvector&lt;int&gt; nums; // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nint front;        // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint queSize;      // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\npublic:\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nArrayDeque(int capacity) {\nnums.resize(capacity);\nfront = queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nint capacity() {\nreturn nums.size();\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint index(int i) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn (i + capacity()) % capacity();\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushFirst(int num) {\nif (queSize == capacity()) {\ncout &lt;&lt; \"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\" &lt;&lt; endl;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nfront = index(front - 1);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nnums[front] = num;\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushLast(int num) {\nif (queSize == capacity()) {\ncout &lt;&lt; \"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\" &lt;&lt; endl;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nint rear = index(front + queSize);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nnums[rear] = num;\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nint popFirst() {\nint num = peekFirst();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfront = index(front + 1);\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nint popLast() {\nint num = peekLast();\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn nums[front];\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekLast() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nint last = index(front + queSize - 1);\nreturn nums[last];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; toVector() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nvector&lt;int&gt; res(queSize);\nfor (int i = 0, j = front; i &lt; queSize; i++, j++) {\nres[i] = nums[index(j)];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n};\n</code></pre> array_deque.java<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayDeque {\nprivate int[] nums; // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate int front; // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nprivate int queSize; // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic ArrayDeque(int capacity) {\nthis.nums = new int[capacity];\nfront = queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\npublic int capacity() {\nreturn nums.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic boolean isEmpty() {\nreturn queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nprivate int index(int i) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn (i + capacity()) % capacity();\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\npublic void pushFirst(int num) {\nif (queSize == capacity()) {\nSystem.out.println(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nfront = index(front - 1);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nnums[front] = num;\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\npublic void pushLast(int num) {\nif (queSize == capacity()) {\nSystem.out.println(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nint rear = index(front + queSize);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nnums[rear] = num;\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\npublic int popFirst() {\nint num = peekFirst();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfront = index(front + 1);\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\npublic int popLast() {\nint num = peekLast();\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peekFirst() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nreturn nums[front];\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peekLast() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nint last = index(front + queSize - 1);\nreturn nums[last];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\npublic int[] toArray() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nint[] res = new int[queSize];\nfor (int i = 0, j = front; i &lt; queSize; i++, j++) {\nres[i] = nums[index(j)];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_deque.cs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayDeque {\nprivate readonly int[] nums;  // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate int front;   // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nprivate int queSize; // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic ArrayDeque(int capacity) {\nthis.nums = new int[capacity];\nfront = queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\npublic int capacity() {\nreturn nums.Length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic bool isEmpty() {\nreturn queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nprivate int index(int i) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn (i + capacity()) % capacity();\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\npublic void pushFirst(int num) {\nif (queSize == capacity()) {\nConsole.WriteLine(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nfront = index(front - 1);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nnums[front] = num;\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\npublic void pushLast(int num) {\nif (queSize == capacity()) {\nConsole.WriteLine(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nint rear = index(front + queSize);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nnums[rear] = num;\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\npublic int popFirst() {\nint num = peekFirst();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfront = index(front + 1);\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\npublic int popLast() {\nint num = peekLast();\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peekFirst() {\nif (isEmpty()) {\nthrow new InvalidOperationException();\n}\nreturn nums[front];\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peekLast() {\nif (isEmpty()) {\nthrow new InvalidOperationException();\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nint last = index(front + queSize - 1);\nreturn nums[last];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\npublic int[] toArray() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nint[] res = new int[queSize];\nfor (int i = 0, j = front; i &lt; queSize; i++, j++) {\nres[i] = nums[index(j)];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_deque.go<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\ntype arrayDeque struct {\nnums        []int // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nfront       int   // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nqueSize     int   // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nqueCapacity int   // \u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\uff08\u5373\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\n}\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\nfunc newArrayDeque(queCapacity int) *arrayDeque {\nreturn &amp;arrayDeque{\nnums:        make([]int, queCapacity),\nqueCapacity: queCapacity,\nfront:       0,\nqueSize:     0,\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) size() int {\nreturn q.queSize\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) isEmpty() bool {\nreturn q.queSize == 0\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) index(i int) int {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn (i + q.queCapacity) % q.queCapacity\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) pushFirst(num int) {\nif q.queSize == q.queCapacity {\nfmt.Println(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\")\nreturn\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nq.front = q.index(q.front - 1)\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nq.nums[q.front] = num\nq.queSize++\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) pushLast(num int) {\nif q.queSize == q.queCapacity {\nfmt.Println(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\")\nreturn\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nrear := q.index(q.front + q.queSize)\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nq.nums[rear] = num\nq.queSize++\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) popFirst() any {\nnum := q.peekFirst()\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nq.front = q.index(q.front + 1)\nq.queSize--\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) popLast() any {\nnum := q.peekLast()\nq.queSize--\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) peekFirst() any {\nif q.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\nreturn q.nums[q.front]\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) peekLast() any {\nif q.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nlast := q.index(q.front + q.queSize - 1)\nreturn q.nums[last]\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6 Slice \u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nfunc (q *arrayDeque) toSlice() []int {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nres := make([]int, q.queSize)\nfor i, j := 0, q.front; i &lt; q.queSize; i++ {\nres[i] = q.nums[q.index(j)]\nj++\n}\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> array_deque.swift<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayDeque {\nprivate var nums: [Int] // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate var front: Int // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nprivate var queSize: Int // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\ninit(capacity: Int) {\nnums = Array(repeating: 0, count: capacity)\nfront = 0\nqueSize = 0\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nfunc capacity() -&gt; Int {\nnums.count\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc size() -&gt; Int {\nqueSize\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc isEmpty() -&gt; Bool {\nsize() == 0\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nprivate func index(i: Int) -&gt; Int {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\n(i + capacity()) % capacity()\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\nfunc pushFirst(num: Int) {\nif size() == capacity() {\nprint(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\")\nreturn\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nfront = index(i: front - 1)\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nnums[front] = num\nqueSize += 1\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\nfunc pushLast(num: Int) {\nif size() == capacity() {\nprint(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\")\nreturn\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nlet rear = index(i: front + size())\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nnums[rear] = num\nqueSize += 1\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nfunc popFirst() -&gt; Int {\nlet num = peekFirst()\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfront = index(i: front + 1)\nqueSize -= 1\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nfunc popLast() -&gt; Int {\nlet num = peekLast()\nqueSize -= 1\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc peekFirst() -&gt; Int {\nif isEmpty() {\nfatalError(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n}\nreturn nums[front]\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc peekLast() -&gt; Int {\nif isEmpty() {\nfatalError(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nlet last = index(i: front + size() - 1)\nreturn nums[last]\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nfunc toArray() -&gt; [Int] {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: size())\nfor (i, j) in sequence(first: (0, front), next: { $0 &lt; self.size() - 1 ? ($0 + 1, $1 + 1) : nil }) {\nres[i] = nums[index(i: j)]\n}\nreturn res\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_deque.js<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayDeque {\n#nums; // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\n#front; // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\n#queSize; // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor(capacity) {\nthis.#nums = new Array(capacity);\nthis.#front = 0;\nthis.#queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\ncapacity() {\nreturn this.#nums.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize() {\nreturn this.#queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty() {\nreturn this.#queSize === 0;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nindex(i) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn (i + this.capacity()) % this.capacity();\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\npushFirst(num) {\nif (this.#queSize === this.capacity()) {\nconsole.log('\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1');\nreturn;\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nthis.#front = this.index(this.#front - 1);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nthis.#nums[this.#front] = num;\nthis.#queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\npushLast(num) {\nif (this.#queSize === this.capacity()) {\nconsole.log('\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1');\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nconst rear = this.index(this.#front + this.#queSize);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nthis.#nums[rear] = num;\nthis.#queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\npopFirst() {\nconst num = this.peekFirst();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nthis.#front = this.index(this.#front + 1);\nthis.#queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\npopLast() {\nconst num = this.peekLast();\nthis.#queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeekFirst() {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('The Deque Is Empty.');\nreturn this.#nums[this.#front];\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\npeekLast() {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('The Deque Is Empty.');\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nconst last = this.index(this.#front + this.#queSize - 1);\nreturn this.#nums[last];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\ntoArray() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nconst res = [];\nfor (let i = 0, j = this.#front; i &lt; this.#queSize; i++, j++) {\nres[i] = this.#nums[this.index(j)];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_deque.ts<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayDeque {\nprivate nums: number[]; // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate front: number; // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nprivate queSize: number; // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor(capacity: number) {\nthis.nums = new Array(capacity);\nthis.front = 0;\nthis.queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\ncapacity(): number {\nreturn this.nums.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize(): number {\nreturn this.queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty(): boolean {\nreturn this.queSize === 0;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nindex(i: number): number {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn (i + this.capacity()) % this.capacity();\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\npushFirst(num: number): void {\nif (this.queSize === this.capacity()) {\nconsole.log('\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1');\nreturn;\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nthis.front = this.index(this.front - 1);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nthis.nums[this.front] = num;\nthis.queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\npushLast(num: number): void {\nif (this.queSize === this.capacity()) {\nconsole.log('\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1');\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nconst rear: number = this.index(this.front + this.queSize);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nthis.nums[rear] = num;\nthis.queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\npopFirst(): number {\nconst num: number = this.peekFirst();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nthis.front = this.index(this.front + 1);\nthis.queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\npopLast(): number {\nconst num: number = this.peekLast();\nthis.queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeekFirst(): number {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('The Deque Is Empty.');\nreturn this.nums[this.front];\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\npeekLast(): number {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('The Deque Is Empty.');\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nconst last = this.index(this.front + this.queSize - 1);\nreturn this.nums[last];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\ntoArray(): number[] {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nconst res: number[] = [];\nfor (let i = 0, j = this.front; i &lt; this.queSize; i++, j++) {\nres[i] = this.nums[this.index(j)];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_deque.dart<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayDeque {\nlate List&lt;int&gt; _nums; // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nlate int _front; // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nlate int _queSize; // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nArrayDeque(int capacity) {\nthis._nums = List.filled(capacity, 0);\nthis._front = this._queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nint capacity() {\nreturn _nums.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn _queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn _queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint index(int i) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn (i + capacity()) % capacity();\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushFirst(int num) {\nif (_queSize == capacity()) {\nthrow Exception(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 _front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\n_front = index(_front - 1);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\n_nums[_front] = num;\n_queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushLast(int num) {\nif (_queSize == capacity()) {\nthrow Exception(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nint rear = index(_front + _queSize);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\n_nums[rear] = num;\n_queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nint popFirst() {\nint num = peekFirst();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n_front = index(_front + 1);\n_queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nint popLast() {\nint num = peekLast();\n_queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst() {\nif (isEmpty()) {\nthrow Exception(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\n}\nreturn _nums[_front];\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekLast() {\nif (isEmpty()) {\nthrow Exception(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nint last = index(_front + _queSize - 1);\nreturn _nums[last];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nList&lt;int&gt; toArray() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nList&lt;int&gt; res = List.filled(_queSize, 0);\nfor (int i = 0, j = _front; i &lt; _queSize; i++, j++) {\nres[i] = _nums[index(j)];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_deque.rs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nstruct ArrayDeque {\nnums: Vec&lt;i32&gt;,     // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nfront: usize,       // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nque_size: usize,    // \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\n}\nimpl ArrayDeque {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npub fn new(capacity: usize) -&gt; Self {\nSelf {\nnums: vec![0; capacity],\nfront: 0,\nque_size: 0,\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\npub fn capacity(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nself.nums.len()\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npub fn size(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nself.que_size\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npub fn is_empty(&amp;self) -&gt; bool {\nself.que_size == 0\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfn index(&amp;self, i: i32) -&gt; usize {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn ((i + self.capacity() as i32) % self.capacity() as i32) as usize;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\npub fn push_first(&amp;mut self, num: i32) {\nif self.que_size == self.capacity() {\nprintln!(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\nreturn\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nself.front = self.index(self.front as i32 - 1);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\nself.nums[self.front] = num;\nself.que_size += 1;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\npub fn push_last(&amp;mut self, num: i32) {\nif self.que_size == self.capacity() {\nprintln!(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\nreturn\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nlet rear = self.index(self.front as i32 + self.que_size as i32);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nself.nums[rear] = num;\nself.que_size += 1;\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nfn pop_first(&amp;mut self) -&gt; i32 {\nlet num = self.peek_first();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nself.front = self.index(self.front as i32 + 1);\nself.que_size -= 1;\nnum\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nfn pop_last(&amp;mut self) -&gt; i32 {\nlet num = self.peek_last();\nself.que_size -= 1;\nnum\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfn peek_first(&amp;self) -&gt; i32 {\nif self.is_empty() { panic!(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\") };\nself.nums[self.front]\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nfn peek_last(&amp;self) -&gt; i32 {\nif self.is_empty() { panic!(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\") };\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\nlet last = self.index(self.front as i32 + self.que_size as i32 - 1);\nself.nums[last]\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nfn to_array(&amp;self) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nlet mut res = vec![0; self.que_size];\nlet mut j = self.front;\nfor i in 0..self.que_size {\nres[i] = self.nums[self.index(j as i32)];\nj += 1;\n}\nres\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_deque.c<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nstruct arrayDeque {\nint *nums;       // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nint front;       // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint queSize;     // \u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e + 1\nint queCapacity; // \u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\n};\ntypedef struct arrayDeque arrayDeque;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\narrayDeque *newArrayDeque(int capacity) {\narrayDeque *deque = (arrayDeque *)malloc(sizeof(arrayDeque));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\ndeque-&gt;queCapacity = capacity;\ndeque-&gt;nums = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * deque-&gt;queCapacity);\ndeque-&gt;front = deque-&gt;queSize = 0;\nreturn deque;\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid delArrayDeque(arrayDeque *deque) {\nfree(deque-&gt;nums);\ndeque-&gt;queCapacity = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nint capacity(arrayDeque *deque) {\nreturn deque-&gt;queCapacity;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size(arrayDeque *deque) {\nreturn deque-&gt;queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty(arrayDeque *deque) {\nreturn deque-&gt;queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint dequeIndex(arrayDeque *deque, int i) {\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\n// \u5f53 i \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\nreturn ((i + capacity(deque)) % capacity(deque));\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushFirst(arrayDeque *deque, int num) {\nif (deque-&gt;queSize == capacity(deque)) {\nprintf(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\\r\\n\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 front \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u56de\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\ndeque-&gt;front = dequeIndex(deque, deque-&gt;front - 1);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u961f\u9996\ndeque-&gt;nums[deque-&gt;front] = num;\ndeque-&gt;queSize++;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f */\nvoid pushLast(arrayDeque *deque, int num) {\nif (deque-&gt;queSize == capacity(deque)) {\nprintf(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\\r\\n\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\nint rear = dequeIndex(deque, deque-&gt;front + deque-&gt;queSize);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque-&gt;nums[rear] = num;\ndeque-&gt;queSize++;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst(arrayDeque *deque) {\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\nassert(empty(deque) == 0);\nreturn deque-&gt;nums[deque-&gt;front];\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekLast(arrayDeque *deque) {\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\nassert(empty(deque) == 0);\nint last = dequeIndex(deque, deque-&gt;front + deque-&gt;queSize - 1);\nreturn deque-&gt;nums[last];\n}\n/* \u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f */\nint popFirst(arrayDeque *deque) {\nint num = peekFirst(deque);\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\ndeque-&gt;front = dequeIndex(deque, deque-&gt;front + 1);\ndeque-&gt;queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f */\nint popLast(arrayDeque *deque) {\nint num = peekLast(deque);\ndeque-&gt;queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u961f\u5217 */\nvoid printArrayDeque(arrayDeque *deque) {\nint arr[deque-&gt;queSize];\n// \u62f7\u8d1d\nfor (int i = 0, j = deque-&gt;front; i &lt; deque-&gt;queSize; i++, j++) {\narr[i] = deque-&gt;nums[j % deque-&gt;queCapacity];\n}\nprintArray(arr, deque-&gt;queSize);\n}\n</code></pre> array_deque.zig<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#533","title":"5.3.3 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u517c\u5177\u6808\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u201c\u64a4\u9500\u201d\u529f\u80fd\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u6bcf\u6b21\u66f4\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c <code>push</code> \u5230\u6808\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7 <code>pop</code> \u5b9e\u73b0\u64a4\u9500\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9650\u5236\u64a4\u9500\u7684\u6b65\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u4fdd\u5b58 \\(50\\) \u6b65\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(50\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6808\u5e95\uff08\u5373\u961f\u9996\uff09\u6267\u884c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u6808\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u6808\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u201c\u64a4\u9500\u201d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u4ecd\u7136\u9075\u5faa\u6808\u7684\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u903b\u8f91\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/","title":"5.2 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217","text":"<p>\u300c\u961f\u5217 queue\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u6392\u961f\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u961f\u5217\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u4eba\u9010\u4e2a\u79bb\u5f00\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 5-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u961f\u9996\u201d\uff0c\u5c3e\u90e8\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u961f\u5c3e\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u628a\u5143\u7d20\u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5c3e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5165\u961f\u201d\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u51fa\u961f\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-4 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u7684\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u89c4\u5219 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#521","title":"5.2.1 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u8868 5-2 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u91c7\u7528\u4e0e\u6808\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u547d\u540d\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 5-2 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387 </p> \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u63cf\u8ff0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 push() \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e \\(O(1)\\) pop() \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f \\(O(1)\\) peek() \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig queue.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\n# \u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7c7b deque \u770b\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\n# \u867d\u7136 queue.Queue() \u662f\u7eaf\u6b63\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u592a\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\nque: deque[int] = collections.deque()\n# \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f\nque.append(1)\nque.append(3)\nque.append(2)\nque.append(5)\nque.append(4)\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nfront: int = que[0];\n# \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\npop: int = que.popleft()\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nsize: int = len(que)\n# \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\nis_empty: bool = len(que) == 0\n</code></pre> queue.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\nqueue&lt;int&gt; queue;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.push(1);\nqueue.push(3);\nqueue.push(2);\nqueue.push(5);\nqueue.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint front = queue.front();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nqueue.pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = queue.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty = queue.empty();\n</code></pre> queue.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\nQueue&lt;Integer&gt; queue = new LinkedList&lt;&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.offer(1);\nqueue.offer(3);\nqueue.offer(2);\nqueue.offer(5);\nqueue.offer(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = queue.peek();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint pop = queue.poll();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = queue.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nboolean isEmpty = queue.isEmpty();\n</code></pre> queue.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\nQueue&lt;int&gt; queue = new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.Enqueue(1);\nqueue.Enqueue(3);\nqueue.Enqueue(2);\nqueue.Enqueue(5);\nqueue.Enqueue(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = queue.Peek();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint pop = queue.Dequeue();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = queue.Count;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = queue.Count == 0;\n</code></pre> queue_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06 list \u4f5c\u4e3a\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nqueue := list.New()\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.PushBack(1)\nqueue.PushBack(3)\nqueue.PushBack(2)\nqueue.PushBack(5)\nqueue.PushBack(4)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek := queue.Front()\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\npop := queue.Front()\nqueue.Remove(pop)\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize := queue.Len()\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty := queue.Len() == 0\n</code></pre> queue.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// Swift \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nvar queue: [Int] = []\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.append(1)\nqueue.append(3)\nqueue.append(2)\nqueue.append(5)\nqueue.append(4)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet peek = queue.first!\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 removeFirst \u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nlet pool = queue.removeFirst()\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = queue.count\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet isEmpty = queue.isEmpty\n</code></pre> queue.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// JavaScript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nconst queue = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.push(1);\nqueue.push(3);\nqueue.push(2);\nqueue.push(5);\nqueue.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peek = queue[0];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 shift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nconst pop = queue.shift();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = queue.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst empty = queue.length === 0;\n</code></pre> queue.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// TypeScript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 \nconst queue: number[] = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.push(1);\nqueue.push(3);\nqueue.push(2);\nqueue.push(5);\nqueue.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peek = queue[0];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 shift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nconst pop = queue.shift();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = queue.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst empty = queue.length === 0;\n</code></pre> queue.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Dart \u4e2d\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u7c7b Qeque \u662f\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u961f\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\nQueue&lt;int&gt; queue = Queue();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.add(1);\nqueue.add(3);\nqueue.add(2);\nqueue.add(5);\nqueue.add(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = queue.first;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint pop = queue.removeFirst();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = queue.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = queue.isEmpty;\n</code></pre> queue.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Rust \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nlet mut deque: VecDeque&lt;u32&gt; = VecDeque::new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push_back(1);\ndeque.push_back(3);\ndeque.push_back(2);\ndeque.push_back(5);\ndeque.push_back(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nif let Some(front) = deque.front() {\n}\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nif let Some(pop) = deque.pop_front() {\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = deque.len();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet is_empty = deque.is_empty();\n</code></pre> queue.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u961f\u5217\n</code></pre> queue.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#522","title":"5.2.2 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u7aef\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 5-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u201c\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u5206\u522b\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u961f\u9996\u201d\u548c\u201c\u961f\u5c3e\u201d\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u961f\u5c3e\u4ec5\u53ef\u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u961f\u9996\u4ec5\u53ef\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> LinkedListQueuepush()pop() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-5 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5165\u961f\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linkedlist_queue.py<pre><code>class LinkedListQueue:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.__front: ListNode | None = None  # \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\nself.__rear: ListNode | None = None  # \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nself.__size: int = 0\ndef size(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\"\"\"\nreturn self.__size\ndef is_empty(self) -&gt; bool:\n\"\"\"\u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\"\"\"\nreturn not self.__front\ndef push(self, num: int):\n\"\"\"\u5165\u961f\"\"\"\n# \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nnode = ListNode(num)\n# \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif self.__front is None:\nself.__front = node\nself.__rear = node\n# \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\nelse:\nself.__rear.next = node\nself.__rear = node\nself.__size += 1\ndef pop(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u51fa\u961f\"\"\"\nnum = self.peek()\n# \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nself.__front = self.__front.next\nself.__size -= 1\nreturn num\ndef peek(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\nreturn self.__front.val\ndef to_list(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370\"\"\"\nqueue = []\ntemp = self.__front\nwhile temp:\nqueue.append(temp.val)\ntemp = temp.next\nreturn queue\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.cpp<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListQueue {\nprivate:\nListNode *front, *rear; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front \uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nint queSize;\npublic:\nLinkedListQueue() {\nfront = nullptr;\nrear = nullptr;\nqueSize = 0;\n}\n~LinkedListQueue() {\n// \u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nfreeMemoryLinkedList(front);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nvoid push(int num) {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nListNode *node = new ListNode(num);\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif (front == nullptr) {\nfront = node;\nrear = node;\n}\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\nelse {\nrear-&gt;next = node;\nrear = node;\n}\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nvoid pop() {\nint num = peek();\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nListNode *tmp = front;\nfront = front-&gt;next;\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\ndelete tmp;\nqueSize--;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nif (size() == 0)\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn front-&gt;val;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Vector \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\nvector&lt;int&gt; toVector() {\nListNode *node = front;\nvector&lt;int&gt; res(size());\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; res.size(); i++) {\nres[i] = node-&gt;val;\nnode = node-&gt;next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n};\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.java<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListQueue {\nprivate ListNode front, rear; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front \uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nprivate int queSize = 0;\npublic LinkedListQueue() {\nfront = null;\nrear = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic boolean isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\npublic void push(int num) {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nListNode node = new ListNode(num);\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif (front == null) {\nfront = node;\nrear = node;\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\n} else {\nrear.next = node;\nrear = node;\n}\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\npublic int pop() {\nint num = peek();\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nfront = front.next;\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peek() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nreturn front.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\npublic int[] toArray() {\nListNode node = front;\nint[] res = new int[size()];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; res.length; i++) {\nres[i] = node.val;\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.cs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListQueue {\nprivate ListNode? front, rear;  // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front \uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear \nprivate int queSize = 0;\npublic LinkedListQueue() {\nfront = null;\nrear = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic bool isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\npublic void push(int num) {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nListNode node = new ListNode(num);\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif (front == null) {\nfront = node;\nrear = node;\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\n} else if (rear != null) {\nrear.next = node;\nrear = node;\n}\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\npublic int pop() {\nint num = peek();\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nfront = front?.next;\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peek() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new Exception();\nreturn front.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\npublic int[] toArray() {\nif (front == null)\nreturn Array.Empty&lt;int&gt;();\nListNode node = front;\nint[] res = new int[size()];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; res.Length; i++) {\nres[i] = node.val;\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.go<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\ntype linkedListQueue struct {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u5305 list \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\ndata *list.List\n}\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\nfunc newLinkedListQueue() *linkedListQueue {\nreturn &amp;linkedListQueue{\ndata: list.New(),\n}\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nfunc (s *linkedListQueue) push(value any) {\ns.data.PushBack(value)\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nfunc (s *linkedListQueue) pop() any {\nif s.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\ne := s.data.Front()\ns.data.Remove(e)\nreturn e.Value\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (s *linkedListQueue) peek() any {\nif s.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\ne := s.data.Front()\nreturn e.Value\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc (s *linkedListQueue) size() int {\nreturn s.data.Len()\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc (s *linkedListQueue) isEmpty() bool {\nreturn s.data.Len() == 0\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6 List \u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nfunc (s *linkedListQueue) toList() *list.List {\nreturn s.data\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.swift<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListQueue {\nprivate var front: ListNode? // \u5934\u8282\u70b9\nprivate var rear: ListNode? // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\nprivate var _size = 0\ninit() {}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc size() -&gt; Int {\n_size\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc isEmpty() -&gt; Bool {\nsize() == 0\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nfunc push(num: Int) {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nlet node = ListNode(x: num)\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif front == nil {\nfront = node\nrear = node\n}\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\nelse {\nrear?.next = node\nrear = node\n}\n_size += 1\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\n@discardableResult\nfunc pop() -&gt; Int {\nlet num = peek()\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nfront = front?.next\n_size -= 1\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc peek() -&gt; Int {\nif isEmpty() {\nfatalError(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n}\nreturn front!.val\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\nfunc toArray() -&gt; [Int] {\nvar node = front\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: size())\nfor i in res.indices {\nres[i] = node!.val\nnode = node?.next\n}\nreturn res\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.js<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListQueue {\n#front; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 #front\n#rear; // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 #rear\n#queSize = 0;\nconstructor() {\nthis.#front = null;\nthis.#rear = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nget size() {\nreturn this.#queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty() {\nreturn this.size === 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\npush(num) {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nconst node = new ListNode(num);\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif (!this.#front) {\nthis.#front = node;\nthis.#rear = node;\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\n} else {\nthis.#rear.next = node;\nthis.#rear = node;\n}\nthis.#queSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\npop() {\nconst num = this.peek();\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nthis.#front = this.#front.next;\nthis.#queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek() {\nif (this.size === 0) throw new Error('\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.#front.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\ntoArray() {\nlet node = this.#front;\nconst res = new Array(this.size);\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; res.length; i++) {\nres[i] = node.val;\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.ts<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListQueue {\nprivate front: ListNode | null; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\nprivate rear: ListNode | null; // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nprivate queSize: number = 0;\nconstructor() {\nthis.front = null;\nthis.rear = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nget size(): number {\nreturn this.queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty(): boolean {\nreturn this.size === 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\npush(num: number): void {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nconst node = new ListNode(num);\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif (!this.front) {\nthis.front = node;\nthis.rear = node;\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\n} else {\nthis.rear!.next = node;\nthis.rear = node;\n}\nthis.queSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\npop(): number {\nconst num = this.peek();\nif (!this.front) throw new Error('\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a');\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nthis.front = this.front.next;\nthis.queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek(): number {\nif (this.size === 0) throw new Error('\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.front!.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\ntoArray(): number[] {\nlet node = this.front;\nconst res = new Array&lt;number&gt;(this.size);\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; res.length; i++) {\nres[i] = node!.val;\nnode = node!.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.dart<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass LinkedListQueue {\nListNode? _front; // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 _front\nListNode? _rear; // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 _rear\nint _queSize = 0; // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nLinkedListQueue() {\n_front = null;\n_rear = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn _queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn _queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nvoid push(int num) {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nfinal node = ListNode(num);\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif (_front == null) {\n_front = node;\n_rear = node;\n} else {\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\n_rear!.next = node;\n_rear = node;\n}\n_queSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nint pop() {\nfinal int num = peek();\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\n_front = _front!.next;\n_queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nif (_queSize == 0) {\nthrow Exception('\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a');\n}\nreturn _front!.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\nList&lt;int&gt; toArray() {\nListNode? node = _front;\nfinal List&lt;int&gt; queue = [];\nwhile (node != null) {\nqueue.add(node.val);\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn queue;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.rs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\n#[allow(dead_code)]\npub struct LinkedListQueue&lt;T&gt; {\nfront: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;,    // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\nrear: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;,     // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear \nque_size: usize,                            // \u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\n}\nimpl&lt;T: Copy&gt; LinkedListQueue&lt;T&gt; {\npub fn new() -&gt; Self {\nSelf {\nfront: None,\nrear: None,\nque_size: 0, }\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npub fn size(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nreturn self.que_size;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npub fn is_empty(&amp;self) -&gt; bool {\nreturn self.size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\npub fn push(&amp;mut self, num: T) {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nlet new_rear = ListNode::new(num);\nmatch self.rear.take() {\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\nSome(old_rear) =&gt; {\nold_rear.borrow_mut().next = Some(new_rear.clone());\nself.rear = Some(new_rear);\n}\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nNone =&gt; {\nself.front = Some(new_rear.clone());\nself.rear = Some(new_rear);\n}\n}\nself.que_size += 1;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\npub fn pop(&amp;mut self) -&gt; Option&lt;T&gt; {\nself.front.take().map(|old_front| {\nmatch old_front.borrow_mut().next.take() {\nSome(new_front) =&gt; {\nself.front = Some(new_front);\n}\nNone =&gt; {\nself.rear.take();\n}\n}\nself.que_size -= 1;\nRc::try_unwrap(old_front).ok().unwrap().into_inner().val\n})\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npub fn peek(&amp;self) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; {\nself.front.as_ref()\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\npub fn to_array(&amp;self, head: Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;) -&gt; Vec&lt;T&gt; {\nif let Some(node) = head {\nlet mut nums = self.to_array(node.borrow().next.as_ref());\nnums.insert(0, node.borrow().val);\nreturn nums;\n}\nreturn Vec::new();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.c<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nstruct linkedListQueue {\nListNode *front, *rear;\nint queSize;\n};\ntypedef struct linkedListQueue linkedListQueue;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nlinkedListQueue *newLinkedListQueue() {\nlinkedListQueue *queue = (linkedListQueue *)malloc(sizeof(linkedListQueue));\nqueue-&gt;front = NULL;\nqueue-&gt;rear = NULL;\nqueue-&gt;queSize = 0;\nreturn queue;\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid delLinkedListQueue(linkedListQueue *queue) {\n// \u91ca\u653e\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; queue-&gt;queSize &amp;&amp; queue-&gt;front != NULL; i++) {\nListNode *tmp = queue-&gt;front;\nqueue-&gt;front = queue-&gt;front-&gt;next;\nfree(tmp);\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e queue \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\nfree(queue);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size(linkedListQueue *queue) {\nreturn queue-&gt;queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty(linkedListQueue *queue) {\nreturn (size(queue) == 0);\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nvoid push(linkedListQueue *queue, int num) {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u5904\u6dfb\u52a0 node\nListNode *node = newListNode(num);\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif (queue-&gt;front == NULL) {\nqueue-&gt;front = node;\nqueue-&gt;rear = node;\n}\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\nelse {\nqueue-&gt;rear-&gt;next = node;\nqueue-&gt;rear = node;\n}\nqueue-&gt;queSize++;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek(linkedListQueue *queue) {\nassert(size(queue) &amp;&amp; queue-&gt;front);\nreturn queue-&gt;front-&gt;val;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nvoid pop(linkedListQueue *queue) {\nint num = peek(queue);\nListNode *tmp = queue-&gt;front;\nqueue-&gt;front = queue-&gt;front-&gt;next;\nfree(tmp);\nqueue-&gt;queSize--;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u961f\u5217 */\nvoid printLinkedListQueue(linkedListQueue *queue) {\nint arr[queue-&gt;queSize];\n// \u62f7\u8d1d\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\nint i;\nListNode *node;\nfor (i = 0, node = queue-&gt;front; i &lt; queue-&gt;queSize; i++) {\narr[i] = node-&gt;val;\nnode = node-&gt;next;\n}\nprintArray(arr, queue-&gt;queSize);\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.zig<pre><code>// \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217\nfn LinkedListQueue(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nfront: ?*inc.ListNode(T) = null,                // \u5934\u8282\u70b9 front\nrear: ?*inc.ListNode(T) = null,                 // \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9 rear\nque_size: usize = 0,                            // \u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nmem_arena: ?std.heap.ArenaAllocator = null,\nmem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator = undefined,   // \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58+\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff09\npub fn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) {\nself.mem_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(allocator);\nself.mem_allocator = self.mem_arena.?.allocator();\n}\nself.front = null;\nself.rear = null;\nself.que_size = 0;\n}\n// \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff09\npub fn deinit(self: *Self) void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) return;\nself.mem_arena.?.deinit();\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npub fn size(self: *Self) usize {\nreturn self.que_size;\n}\n// \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\npub fn isEmpty(self: *Self) bool {\nreturn self.size() == 0;\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\npub fn peek(self: *Self) T {\nif (self.size() == 0) @panic(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn self.front.?.val;\n}  // \u5165\u961f\npub fn push(self: *Self, num: T) !void {\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nvar node = try self.mem_allocator.create(inc.ListNode(T));\nnode.init(num);\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee4\u5934\u3001\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\nif (self.front == null) {\nself.front = node;\nself.rear = node;\n// \u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\n} else {\nself.rear.?.next = node;\nself.rear = node;\n}\nself.que_size += 1;\n} // \u51fa\u961f\npub fn pop(self: *Self) T {\nvar num = self.peek();\n// \u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\nself.front = self.front.?.next;\nself.que_size -= 1;\nreturn num;\n} // \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\npub fn toArray(self: *Self) ![]T {\nvar node = self.front;\nvar res = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, self.size());\n@memset(res, @as(T, 0));\nvar i: usize = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; res.len) : (i += 1) {\nres[i] = node.?.val;\nnode = node.?.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5220\u9664\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5de7\u5999\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf <code>front</code> \u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5e76\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf <code>size</code> \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49 <code>rear = front + size</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u7684 <code>rear</code> \u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6709\u6548\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a <code>[front, rear - 1]</code>\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u56fe 5-6 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9 <code>rear</code> \u7d22\u5f15\u5904\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 <code>size</code> \u589e\u52a0 1 \u3002</li> <li>\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u53ea\u9700\u5c06 <code>front</code> \u589e\u52a0 1 \uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 <code>size</code> \u51cf\u5c11 1 \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u53ea\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> ArrayQueuepush()pop() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-6 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5165\u961f\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u884c\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>front</code> \u548c <code>rear</code> \u90fd\u5728\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u5f53\u5b83\u4eec\u5230\u8fbe\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u79fb\u52a8\u4e86\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u89c6\u4e3a\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u63a5\u7684\u201c\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8ba9 <code>front</code> \u6216 <code>rear</code> \u5728\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5468\u671f\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_queue.py<pre><code>class ArrayQueue:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, size: int):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.__nums: list[int] = [0] * size  # \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nself.__front: int = 0  # \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nself.__size: int = 0  # \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\ndef capacity(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\"\"\"\nreturn len(self.__nums)\ndef size(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\"\"\"\nreturn self.__size\ndef is_empty(self) -&gt; bool:\n\"\"\"\u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\"\"\"\nreturn self.__size == 0\ndef push(self, num: int):\n\"\"\"\u5165\u961f\"\"\"\nif self.__size == self.capacity():\nraise IndexError(\"\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\")\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nrear: int = (self.__front + self.__size) % self.capacity()\n# \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nself.__nums[rear] = num\nself.__size += 1\ndef pop(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u51fa\u961f\"\"\"\nnum: int = self.peek()\n# \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nself.__front = (self.__front + 1) % self.capacity()\nself.__size -= 1\nreturn num\ndef peek(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\nreturn self.__nums[self.__front]\ndef to_list(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370\"\"\"\nres = [0] * self.size()\nj: int = self.__front\nfor i in range(self.size()):\nres[i] = self.__nums[(j % self.capacity())]\nj += 1\nreturn res\n</code></pre> array_queue.cpp<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayQueue {\nprivate:\nint *nums;       // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nint front;       // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint queSize;     // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nint queCapacity; // \u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\npublic:\nArrayQueue(int capacity) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nnums = new int[capacity];\nqueCapacity = capacity;\nfront = queSize = 0;\n}\n~ArrayQueue() {\ndelete[] nums;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nint capacity() {\nreturn queCapacity;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nvoid push(int num) {\nif (queSize == queCapacity) {\ncout &lt;&lt; \"\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\" &lt;&lt; endl;\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u961f\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nint rear = (front + queSize) % queCapacity;\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nnums[rear] = num;\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nvoid pop() {\nint num = peek();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nfront = (front + 1) % queCapacity;\nqueSize--;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn nums[front];\n}\n/* \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Vector \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\nvector&lt;int&gt; toVector() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nvector&lt;int&gt; arr(queSize);\nfor (int i = 0, j = front; i &lt; queSize; i++, j++) {\narr[i] = nums[j % queCapacity];\n}\nreturn arr;\n}\n};\n</code></pre> array_queue.java<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayQueue {\nprivate int[] nums; // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate int front; // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nprivate int queSize; // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\npublic ArrayQueue(int capacity) {\nnums = new int[capacity];\nfront = queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\npublic int capacity() {\nreturn nums.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic boolean isEmpty() {\nreturn queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\npublic void push(int num) {\nif (queSize == capacity()) {\nSystem.out.println(\"\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nint rear = (front + queSize) % capacity();\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nnums[rear] = num;\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\npublic int pop() {\nint num = peek();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nfront = (front + 1) % capacity();\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peek() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nreturn nums[front];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4 */\npublic int[] toArray() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nint[] res = new int[queSize];\nfor (int i = 0, j = front; i &lt; queSize; i++, j++) {\nres[i] = nums[j % capacity()];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_queue.cs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayQueue {\nprivate int[] nums;  // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate int front;   // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nprivate int queSize; // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\npublic ArrayQueue(int capacity) {\nnums = new int[capacity];\nfront = queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\npublic int capacity() {\nreturn nums.Length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic bool isEmpty() {\nreturn queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\npublic void push(int num) {\nif (queSize == capacity()) {\nConsole.WriteLine(\"\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nint rear = (front + queSize) % capacity();\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nnums[rear] = num;\nqueSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\npublic int pop() {\nint num = peek();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nfront = (front + 1) % capacity();\nqueSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peek() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new Exception();\nreturn nums[front];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4 */\npublic int[] toArray() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nint[] res = new int[queSize];\nfor (int i = 0, j = front; i &lt; queSize; i++, j++) {\nres[i] = nums[j % this.capacity()];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_queue.go<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\ntype arrayQueue struct {\nnums        []int // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nfront       int   // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nqueSize     int   // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nqueCapacity int   // \u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\uff08\u5373\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff09\n}\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\nfunc newArrayQueue(queCapacity int) *arrayQueue {\nreturn &amp;arrayQueue{\nnums:        make([]int, queCapacity),\nqueCapacity: queCapacity,\nfront:       0,\nqueSize:     0,\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc (q *arrayQueue) size() int {\nreturn q.queSize\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc (q *arrayQueue) isEmpty() bool {\nreturn q.queSize == 0\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nfunc (q *arrayQueue) push(num int) {\n// \u5f53 rear == queCapacity \u8868\u793a\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\nif q.queSize == q.queCapacity {\nreturn\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nrear := (q.front + q.queSize) % q.queCapacity\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nq.nums[rear] = num\nq.queSize++\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nfunc (q *arrayQueue) pop() any {\nnum := q.peek()\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nq.front = (q.front + 1) % q.queCapacity\nq.queSize--\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (q *arrayQueue) peek() any {\nif q.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\nreturn q.nums[q.front]\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6 Slice \u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nfunc (q *arrayQueue) toSlice() []int {\nrear := (q.front + q.queSize)\nif rear &gt;= q.queCapacity {\nrear %= q.queCapacity\nreturn append(q.nums[q.front:], q.nums[:rear]...)\n}\nreturn q.nums[q.front:rear]\n}\n</code></pre> array_queue.swift<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayQueue {\nprivate var nums: [Int] // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate var front = 0 // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nprivate var queSize = 0 // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\ninit(capacity: Int) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nnums = Array(repeating: 0, count: capacity)\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nfunc capacity() -&gt; Int {\nnums.count\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc size() -&gt; Int {\nqueSize\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc isEmpty() -&gt; Bool {\nqueSize == 0\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nfunc push(num: Int) {\nif size() == capacity() {\nprint(\"\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\")\nreturn\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nlet rear = (front + queSize) % capacity()\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nnums[rear] = num\nqueSize += 1\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\n@discardableResult\nfunc pop() -&gt; Int {\nlet num = peek()\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nfront = (front + 1) % capacity()\nqueSize -= 1\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc peek() -&gt; Int {\nif isEmpty() {\nfatalError(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n}\nreturn nums[front]\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunc toArray() -&gt; [Int] {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: queSize)\nfor (i, j) in sequence(first: (0, front), next: { $0 &lt; self.queSize - 1 ? ($0 + 1, $1 + 1) : nil }) {\nres[i] = nums[j % capacity()]\n}\nreturn res\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_queue.js<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayQueue {\n#nums; // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\n#front = 0; // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\n#queSize = 0; // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nconstructor(capacity) {\nthis.#nums = new Array(capacity);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nget capacity() {\nreturn this.#nums.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nget size() {\nreturn this.#queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty() {\nreturn this.#queSize === 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\npush(num) {\nif (this.size === this.capacity) {\nconsole.log('\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1');\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nconst rear = (this.#front + this.size) % this.capacity;\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nthis.#nums[rear] = num;\nthis.#queSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\npop() {\nconst num = this.peek();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nthis.#front = (this.#front + 1) % this.capacity;\nthis.#queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek() {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.#nums[this.#front];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de Array */\ntoArray() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nconst arr = new Array(this.size);\nfor (let i = 0, j = this.#front; i &lt; this.size; i++, j++) {\narr[i] = this.#nums[j % this.capacity];\n}\nreturn arr;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_queue.ts<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayQueue {\nprivate nums: number[]; // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nprivate front: number; // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nprivate queSize: number; // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nconstructor(capacity: number) {\nthis.nums = new Array(capacity);\nthis.front = this.queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nget capacity(): number {\nreturn this.nums.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nget size(): number {\nreturn this.queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty(): boolean {\nreturn this.queSize === 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\npush(num: number): void {\nif (this.size === this.capacity) {\nconsole.log('\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1');\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nconst rear = (this.front + this.queSize) % this.capacity;\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nthis.nums[rear] = num;\nthis.queSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\npop(): number {\nconst num = this.peek();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nthis.front = (this.front + 1) % this.capacity;\nthis.queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek(): number {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.nums[this.front];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de Array */\ntoArray(): number[] {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nconst arr = new Array(this.size);\nfor (let i = 0, j = this.front; i &lt; this.size; i++, j++) {\narr[i] = this.nums[j % this.capacity];\n}\nreturn arr;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_queue.dart<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nclass ArrayQueue {\nlate List&lt;int&gt; _nums; // \u7528\u4e8e\u50a8\u5b58\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nlate int _front; // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nlate int _queSize; // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nArrayQueue(int capacity) {\n_nums = List.filled(capacity, 0);\n_front = _queSize = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nint capaCity() {\nreturn _nums.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn _queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn _queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nvoid push(int num) {\nif (_queSize == capaCity()) {\nthrow Exception(\"\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nint rear = (_front + _queSize) % capaCity();\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\n_nums[rear] = num;\n_queSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nint pop() {\nint num = peek();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\n_front = (_front + 1) % capaCity();\n_queSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nif (isEmpty()) {\nthrow Exception(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\n}\nreturn _nums[_front];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de Array */\nList&lt;int&gt; toArray() {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nfinal List&lt;int&gt; res = List.filled(_queSize, 0);\nfor (int i = 0, j = _front; i &lt; _queSize; i++, j++) {\nres[i] = _nums[j % capaCity()];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_queue.rs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nstruct ArrayQueue {\nnums: Vec&lt;i32&gt;,     // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nfront: i32,         // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nque_size: i32,      // \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\nque_capacity: i32,  // \u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\n}\nimpl ArrayQueue {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfn new(capacity: i32) -&gt; ArrayQueue {\nArrayQueue {\nnums: vec![0; capacity as usize],\nfront: 0,\nque_size: 0,\nque_capacity: capacity,\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nfn capacity(&amp;self) -&gt; i32 {\nself.que_capacity\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfn size(&amp;self) -&gt; i32 {\nself.que_size\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfn is_empty(&amp;self) -&gt; bool {\nself.que_size == 0\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nfn push(&amp;mut self, num: i32) {\nif self.que_size == self.capacity() {\nprintln!(\"\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nlet rear = (self.front + self.que_size) % self.que_capacity;\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nself.nums[rear as usize] = num;\nself.que_size += 1;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nfn pop(&amp;mut self) -&gt; i32 {\nlet num = self.peek();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nself.front = (self.front + 1) % self.que_capacity;\nself.que_size -= 1;\nnum\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nfn peek(&amp;self) -&gt; i32 {\nif self.is_empty() {\npanic!(\"index out of bounds\");\n}\nself.nums[self.front as usize]\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfn to_vector(&amp;self) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\nlet cap = self.que_capacity;\nlet mut j = self.front;\nlet mut arr = vec![0; self.que_size as usize];\nfor i in 0..self.que_size {\narr[i as usize] = self.nums[(j % cap) as usize];\nj += 1;\n}\narr\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_queue.c<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217 */\nstruct arrayQueue {\nint *nums;       // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nint front;       // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint queSize;     // \u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e + 1\nint queCapacity; // \u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\n};\ntypedef struct arrayQueue arrayQueue;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\narrayQueue *newArrayQueue(int capacity) {\narrayQueue *queue = (arrayQueue *)malloc(sizeof(arrayQueue));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nqueue-&gt;queCapacity = capacity;\nqueue-&gt;nums = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * queue-&gt;queCapacity);\nqueue-&gt;front = queue-&gt;queSize = 0;\nreturn queue;\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid delArrayQueue(arrayQueue *queue) {\nfree(queue-&gt;nums);\nqueue-&gt;queCapacity = 0;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf */\nint capacity(arrayQueue *queue) {\nreturn queue-&gt;queCapacity;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size(arrayQueue *queue) {\nreturn queue-&gt;queSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty(arrayQueue *queue) {\nreturn queue-&gt;queSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek(arrayQueue *queue) {\nassert(size(queue) != 0);\nreturn queue-&gt;nums[queue-&gt;front];\n}\n/* \u5165\u961f */\nvoid push(arrayQueue *queue, int num) {\nif (size(queue) == capacity(queue)) {\nprintf(\"\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\\r\\n\");\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u961f\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nint rear = (queue-&gt;front + queue-&gt;queSize) % queue-&gt;queCapacity;\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\nqueue-&gt;nums[rear] = num;\nqueue-&gt;queSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u961f */\nvoid pop(arrayQueue *queue) {\nint num = peek(queue);\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nqueue-&gt;front = (queue-&gt;front + 1) % queue-&gt;queCapacity;\nqueue-&gt;queSize--;\n}\n/* \u6253\u5370\u961f\u5217 */\nvoid printArrayQueue(arrayQueue *queue) {\nint arr[queue-&gt;queSize];\n// \u62f7\u8d1d\nfor (int i = 0, j = queue-&gt;front; i &lt; queue-&gt;queSize; i++, j++) {\narr[i] = queue-&gt;nums[j % queue-&gt;queCapacity];\n}\nprintArray(arr, queue-&gt;queSize);\n}\n</code></pre> array_queue.zig<pre><code>// \u57fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217\nfn ArrayQueue(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nnums: []T = undefined,                          // \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4     \ncap: usize = 0,                                 // \u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\nfront: usize = 0,                               // \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nqueSize: usize = 0,                             // \u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e + 1\nmem_arena: ?std.heap.ArenaAllocator = null,\nmem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator = undefined,   // \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58+\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\npub fn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, cap: usize) !void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) {\nself.mem_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(allocator);\nself.mem_allocator = self.mem_arena.?.allocator();\n}\nself.cap = cap;\nself.nums = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, self.cap);\n@memset(self.nums, @as(T, 0));\n}\n// \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff09\npub fn deinit(self: *Self) void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) return;\nself.mem_arena.?.deinit();\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\npub fn capacity(self: *Self) usize {\nreturn self.cap;\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npub fn size(self: *Self) usize {\nreturn self.queSize;\n}\n// \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\npub fn isEmpty(self: *Self) bool {\nreturn self.queSize == 0;\n}\n// \u5165\u961f\npub fn push(self: *Self, num: T) !void {\nif (self.size() == self.capacity()) {\nstd.debug.print(\"\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u6ee1\\n\", .{});\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c3e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15 + 1\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0 rear \u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u540e\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\nvar rear = (self.front + self.queSize) % self.capacity();\n// \u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 num\nself.nums[rear] = num;\nself.queSize += 1;\n} // \u51fa\u961f\npub fn pop(self: *Self) T {\nvar num = self.peek();\n// \u961f\u9996\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u82e5\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\nself.front = (self.front + 1) % self.capacity();\nself.queSize -= 1;\nreturn num;\n} // \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\npub fn peek(self: *Self) T {\nif (self.isEmpty()) @panic(\"\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn self.nums[self.front];\n} // \u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\npub fn toArray(self: *Self) ![]T {\n// \u4ec5\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\nvar res = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, self.size());\n@memset(res, @as(T, 0));\nvar i: usize = 0;\nvar j: usize = self.front;\nwhile (i &lt; self.size()) : ({ i += 1; j += 1; }) {\nres[i] = self.nums[j % self.capacity()];\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217\u4ecd\u7136\u5177\u6709\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u96be\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u5165\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e\u6808\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#523","title":"5.2.3 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u6dd8\u5b9d\u8ba2\u5355\u3002\u8d2d\u7269\u8005\u4e0b\u5355\u540e\uff0c\u8ba2\u5355\u5c06\u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u968f\u540e\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u5904\u7406\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u3002\u5728\u53cc\u5341\u4e00\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6d77\u91cf\u8ba2\u5355\uff0c\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6210\u4e3a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u653b\u514b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u5404\u7c7b\u5f85\u529e\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u5148\u6765\u540e\u5230\u201d\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6253\u5370\u673a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u3001\u9910\u5385\u7684\u51fa\u9910\u961f\u5217\u7b49\u3002\u961f\u5217\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ef4\u62a4\u5904\u7406\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/","title":"5.1 \u00a0 \u6808","text":"<p>\u300c\u6808 stack\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6808\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e3a\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u645e\u76d8\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u62ff\u51fa\u5e95\u90e8\u7684\u76d8\u5b50\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5c06\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u76d8\u5b50\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d6\u51fa\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u76d8\u5b50\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5982\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6808\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 5-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5806\u53e0\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9876\u90e8\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6808\u9876\u201d\uff0c\u5e95\u90e8\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6808\u5e95\u201d\u3002\u5c06\u628a\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6808\u9876\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u5165\u6808\u201d\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-1 \u00a0 \u6808\u7684\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u89c4\u5219 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#511","title":"5.1.1 \u00a0 \u6808\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u6808\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u8868 5-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 <code>push()</code>\u3001<code>pop()</code>\u3001<code>peek()</code> \u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 5-1 \u00a0 \u6808\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387 </p> \u65b9\u6cd5 \u63cf\u8ff0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 push() \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808\uff08\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u6808\u9876\uff09 \\(O(1)\\) pop() \u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 \\(O(1)\\) peek() \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u63d0\u4f9b\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8be5\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\u6216\u201c\u94fe\u8868\u201d\u89c6\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0e\u6808\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig stack.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808\n# Python \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a List \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 \nstack: list[int] = []\n# \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808\nstack.append(1)\nstack.append(3)\nstack.append(2)\nstack.append(5)\nstack.append(4)\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\npeek: int = stack[-1]\n# \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808\npop: int = stack.pop()\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nsize: int = len(stack)\n# \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\nis_empty: bool = len(stack) == 0\n</code></pre> stack.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\nstack&lt;int&gt; stack;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint top = stack.top();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nstack.pop(); // \u65e0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = stack.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty = stack.empty();\n</code></pre> stack.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\nStack&lt;Integer&gt; stack = new Stack&lt;&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = stack.peek();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop = stack.pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = stack.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nboolean isEmpty = stack.isEmpty();\n</code></pre> stack.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\nStack&lt;int&gt; stack = new ();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.Push(1);\nstack.Push(3);\nstack.Push(2);\nstack.Push(5);\nstack.Push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = stack.Peek();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop = stack.Pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = stack.Count;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = stack.Count == 0;\n</code></pre> stack_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// \u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u5c06 Slice \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nvar stack []int\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack = append(stack, 1)\nstack = append(stack, 3)\nstack = append(stack, 2)\nstack = append(stack, 5)\nstack = append(stack, 4)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek := stack[len(stack)-1]\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\npop := stack[len(stack)-1]\nstack = stack[:len(stack)-1]\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize := len(stack)\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty := len(stack) == 0\n</code></pre> stack.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// Swift \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nvar stack: [Int] = []\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.append(1)\nstack.append(3)\nstack.append(2)\nstack.append(5)\nstack.append(4)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet peek = stack.last!\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nlet pop = stack.removeLast()\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = stack.count\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet isEmpty = stack.isEmpty\n</code></pre> stack.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// Javascript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 \nconst stack = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peek = stack[stack.length-1];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nconst pop = stack.pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = stack.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst is_empty = stack.length === 0;\n</code></pre> stack.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// Typescript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 \nconst stack: number[] = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peek = stack[stack.length - 1];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nconst pop = stack.pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = stack.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst is_empty = stack.length === 0;\n</code></pre> stack.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// Dart \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a List \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nList&lt;int&gt; stack = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.add(1);\nstack.add(3);\nstack.add(2);\nstack.add(5);\nstack.add(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = stack.last;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop = stack.removeLast();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = stack.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = stack.isEmpty;\n</code></pre> stack.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// \u628a Vec \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nlet mut stack: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = Vec::new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet top = stack[stack.len() - 1];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nlet pop = stack.pop().unwrap();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = stack.len();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet is_empty = stack.is_empty();\n</code></pre> stack.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u6808\n</code></pre> stack.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#512","title":"5.1.2 \u00a0 \u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u6808\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u7c7b\u3002</p> <p>\u6808\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6808\u9876\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6808\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u5c4f\u853d\u201d\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u65e0\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5bf9\u5916\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7b26\u5408\u6808\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u89c6\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u89c6\u4e3a\u6808\u5e95\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 5-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5934\u63d2\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> LinkedListStackpush()pop() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-2 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u7684\u5165\u6808\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linkedlist_stack.py<pre><code>class LinkedListStack:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.__peek: ListNode | None = None\nself.__size: int = 0\ndef size(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\"\"\"\nreturn self.__size\ndef is_empty(self) -&gt; bool:\n\"\"\"\u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\"\"\"\nreturn not self.__peek\ndef push(self, val: int):\n\"\"\"\u5165\u6808\"\"\"\nnode = ListNode(val)\nnode.next = self.__peek\nself.__peek = node\nself.__size += 1\ndef pop(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u51fa\u6808\"\"\"\nnum = self.peek()\nself.__peek = self.__peek.next\nself.__size -= 1\nreturn num\ndef peek(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\nreturn self.__peek.val\ndef to_list(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370\"\"\"\narr = []\nnode = self.__peek\nwhile node:\narr.append(node.val)\nnode = node.next\narr.reverse()\nreturn arr\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.cpp<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass LinkedListStack {\nprivate:\nListNode *stackTop; // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\nint stkSize;        // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npublic:\nLinkedListStack() {\nstackTop = nullptr;\nstkSize = 0;\n}\n~LinkedListStack() {\n// \u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nfreeMemoryLinkedList(stackTop);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn stkSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nvoid push(int num) {\nListNode *node = new ListNode(num);\nnode-&gt;next = stackTop;\nstackTop = node;\nstkSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\nvoid pop() {\nint num = top();\nListNode *tmp = stackTop;\nstackTop = stackTop-&gt;next;\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\ndelete tmp;\nstkSize--;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint top() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn stackTop-&gt;val;\n}\n/* \u5c06 List \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\nvector&lt;int&gt; toVector() {\nListNode *node = stackTop;\nvector&lt;int&gt; res(size());\nfor (int i = res.size() - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nres[i] = node-&gt;val;\nnode = node-&gt;next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n};\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.java<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass LinkedListStack {\nprivate ListNode stackPeek; // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\nprivate int stkSize = 0; // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npublic LinkedListStack() {\nstackPeek = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn stkSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic boolean isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\npublic void push(int num) {\nListNode node = new ListNode(num);\nnode.next = stackPeek;\nstackPeek = node;\nstkSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\npublic int pop() {\nint num = peek();\nstackPeek = stackPeek.next;\nstkSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peek() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nreturn stackPeek.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06 List \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\npublic int[] toArray() {\nListNode node = stackPeek;\nint[] res = new int[size()];\nfor (int i = res.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nres[i] = node.val;\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.cs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass LinkedListStack {\nprivate ListNode? stackPeek;  // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\nprivate int stkSize = 0;   // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npublic LinkedListStack() {\nstackPeek = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn stkSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic bool isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\npublic void push(int num) {\nListNode node = new ListNode(num);\nnode.next = stackPeek;\nstackPeek = node;\nstkSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\npublic int pop() {\nint num = peek();\nstackPeek = stackPeek.next;\nstkSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peek() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new Exception();\nreturn stackPeek.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06 List \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\npublic int[] toArray() {\nif (stackPeek == null)\nreturn Array.Empty&lt;int&gt;();\nListNode node = stackPeek;\nint[] res = new int[size()];\nfor (int i = res.Length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nres[i] = node.val;\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.go<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\ntype linkedListStack struct {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u5305 list \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\ndata *list.List\n}\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\nfunc newLinkedListStack() *linkedListStack {\nreturn &amp;linkedListStack{\ndata: list.New(),\n}\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nfunc (s *linkedListStack) push(value int) {\ns.data.PushBack(value)\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\nfunc (s *linkedListStack) pop() any {\nif s.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\ne := s.data.Back()\ns.data.Remove(e)\nreturn e.Value\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (s *linkedListStack) peek() any {\nif s.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\ne := s.data.Back()\nreturn e.Value\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc (s *linkedListStack) size() int {\nreturn s.data.Len()\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc (s *linkedListStack) isEmpty() bool {\nreturn s.data.Len() == 0\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6 List \u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nfunc (s *linkedListStack) toList() *list.List {\nreturn s.data\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.swift<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass LinkedListStack {\nprivate var _peek: ListNode? // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\nprivate var _size = 0 // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\ninit() {}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc size() -&gt; Int {\n_size\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc isEmpty() -&gt; Bool {\nsize() == 0\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nfunc push(num: Int) {\nlet node = ListNode(x: num)\nnode.next = _peek\n_peek = node\n_size += 1\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\n@discardableResult\nfunc pop() -&gt; Int {\nlet num = peek()\n_peek = _peek?.next\n_size -= 1\nreturn num\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc peek() -&gt; Int {\nif isEmpty() {\nfatalError(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n}\nreturn _peek!.val\n}\n/* \u5c06 List \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\nfunc toArray() -&gt; [Int] {\nvar node = _peek\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: _size)\nfor i in sequence(first: res.count - 1, next: { $0 &gt;= 0 + 1 ? $0 - 1 : nil }) {\nres[i] = node!.val\nnode = node?.next\n}\nreturn res\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.js<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass LinkedListStack {\n#stackPeek; // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\n#stkSize = 0; // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nconstructor() {\nthis.#stackPeek = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nget size() {\nreturn this.#stkSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty() {\nreturn this.size === 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\npush(num) {\nconst node = new ListNode(num);\nnode.next = this.#stackPeek;\nthis.#stackPeek = node;\nthis.#stkSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\npop() {\nconst num = this.peek();\nthis.#stackPeek = this.#stackPeek.next;\nthis.#stkSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek() {\nif (!this.#stackPeek) throw new Error('\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.#stackPeek.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\ntoArray() {\nlet node = this.#stackPeek;\nconst res = new Array(this.size);\nfor (let i = res.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nres[i] = node.val;\nnode = node.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.ts<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass LinkedListStack {\nprivate stackPeek: ListNode | null; // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\nprivate stkSize: number = 0; // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nconstructor() {\nthis.stackPeek = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nget size(): number {\nreturn this.stkSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty(): boolean {\nreturn this.size === 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\npush(num: number): void {\nconst node = new ListNode(num);\nnode.next = this.stackPeek;\nthis.stackPeek = node;\nthis.stkSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\npop(): number {\nconst num = this.peek();\nif (!this.stackPeek) throw new Error('\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nthis.stackPeek = this.stackPeek.next;\nthis.stkSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek(): number {\nif (!this.stackPeek) throw new Error('\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.stackPeek.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\ntoArray(): number[] {\nlet node = this.stackPeek;\nconst res = new Array&lt;number&gt;(this.size);\nfor (let i = res.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {\nres[i] = node!.val;\nnode = node!.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.dart<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass LinkedListStack {\nListNode? _stackPeek; // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\nint _stkSize = 0; // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nLinkedListStack() {\n_stackPeek = null;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn _stkSize;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn _stkSize == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nvoid push(int num) {\nfinal ListNode node = ListNode(num);\nnode.next = _stackPeek;\n_stackPeek = node;\n_stkSize++;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop() {\nfinal int num = peek();\n_stackPeek = _stackPeek!.next;\n_stkSize--;\nreturn num;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nif (_stackPeek == null) {\nthrow Exception(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\n}\nreturn _stackPeek!.val;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a List \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\nList&lt;int&gt; toList() {\nListNode? node = _stackPeek;\nList&lt;int&gt; list = [];\nwhile (node != null) {\nlist.add(node.val);\nnode = node.next;\n}\nlist = list.reversed.toList();\nreturn list;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.rs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\n#[allow(dead_code)]\npub struct LinkedListStack&lt;T&gt; {\nstack_peek: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;,   // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\nstk_size: usize,                                // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\n}\nimpl&lt;T: Copy&gt; LinkedListStack&lt;T&gt; {\npub fn new() -&gt; Self {\nSelf {\nstack_peek: None,\nstk_size: 0,\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npub fn size(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nreturn self.stk_size;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npub fn is_empty(&amp;self) -&gt; bool {\nreturn self.size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\npub fn push(&amp;mut self, num: T) {\nlet node = ListNode::new(num);\nnode.borrow_mut().next = self.stack_peek.take();\nself.stack_peek = Some(node);\nself.stk_size += 1;\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\npub fn pop(&amp;mut self) -&gt; Option&lt;T&gt; {\nself.stack_peek.take().map(|old_head| {\nmatch old_head.borrow_mut().next.take() {\nSome(new_head) =&gt; {\nself.stack_peek = Some(new_head);\n}\nNone =&gt; {\nself.stack_peek = None;\n}\n}\nself.stk_size -= 1;\nRc::try_unwrap(old_head).ok().unwrap().into_inner().val\n})\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npub fn peek(&amp;self) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; {\nself.stack_peek.as_ref()\n}\n/* \u5c06 List \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\npub fn to_array(&amp;self, head: Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&lt;T&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;) -&gt; Vec&lt;T&gt; {\nif let Some(node) = head {\nlet mut nums = self.to_array(node.borrow().next.as_ref());\nnums.push(node.borrow().val);\nreturn nums;\n}\nreturn Vec::new();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.c<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nstruct linkedListStack {\nListNode *top; // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\nint size;      // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\n};\ntypedef struct linkedListStack linkedListStack;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nlinkedListStack *newLinkedListStack() {\nlinkedListStack *s = malloc(sizeof(linkedListStack));\ns-&gt;top = NULL;\ns-&gt;size = 0;\nreturn s;\n}\n/* \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570 */\nvoid delLinkedListStack(linkedListStack *s) {\nwhile (s-&gt;top) {\nListNode *n = s-&gt;top-&gt;next;\nfree(s-&gt;top);\ns-&gt;top = n;\n}\nfree(s);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size(linkedListStack *s) {\nassert(s);\nreturn s-&gt;size;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty(linkedListStack *s) {\nassert(s);\nreturn size(s) == 0;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek(linkedListStack *s) {\nassert(s);\nassert(size(s) != 0);\nreturn s-&gt;top-&gt;val;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nvoid push(linkedListStack *s, int num) {\nassert(s);\nListNode *node = (ListNode *)malloc(sizeof(ListNode));\nnode-&gt;next = s-&gt;top; // \u66f4\u65b0\u65b0\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u57df\nnode-&gt;val = num;     // \u66f4\u65b0\u65b0\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u636e\u57df\ns-&gt;top = node;       // \u66f4\u65b0\u6808\u9876\ns-&gt;size++;           // \u66f4\u65b0\u6808\u5927\u5c0f\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop(linkedListStack *s) {\nif (s-&gt;size == 0) {\nprintf(\"stack is empty.\\n\");\nreturn INT_MAX;\n}\nassert(s);\nint val = peek(s);\nListNode *tmp = s-&gt;top;\ns-&gt;top = s-&gt;top-&gt;next;\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\nfree(tmp);\ns-&gt;size--;\nreturn val;\n}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.zig<pre><code>// \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\nfn LinkedListStack(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nstack_top: ?*inc.ListNode(T) = null,             // \u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\nstk_size: usize = 0,                             // \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nmem_arena: ?std.heap.ArenaAllocator = null,\nmem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator = undefined,    // \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58+\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808\uff09\npub fn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) {\nself.mem_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(allocator);\nself.mem_allocator = self.mem_arena.?.allocator();\n}\nself.stack_top = null;\nself.stk_size = 0;\n}\n// \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff09\npub fn deinit(self: *Self) void {\nif (self.mem_arena == null) return;\nself.mem_arena.?.deinit();\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npub fn size(self: *Self) usize {\nreturn self.stk_size;\n}\n// \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\npub fn isEmpty(self: *Self) bool {\nreturn self.size() == 0;\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\npub fn peek(self: *Self) T {\nif (self.size() == 0) @panic(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn self.stack_top.?.val;\n}  // \u5165\u6808\npub fn push(self: *Self, num: T) !void {\nvar node = try self.mem_allocator.create(inc.ListNode(T));\nnode.init(num);\nnode.next = self.stack_top;\nself.stack_top = node;\nself.stk_size += 1;\n} // \u51fa\u6808\npub fn pop(self: *Self) T {\nvar num = self.peek();\nself.stack_top = self.stack_top.?.next;\nself.stk_size -= 1;\nreturn num;\n} // \u5c06\u6808\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\npub fn toArray(self: *Self) ![]T {\nvar node = self.stack_top;\nvar res = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, self.size());\n@memset(res, @as(T, 0));\nvar i: usize = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; res.len) : (i += 1) {\nres[res.len - i - 1] = node.?.val;\nnode = node.?.next;\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\u3002\u5982\u56fe 5-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5165\u6808\u4e0e\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> ArrayStackpush()pop() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-3 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u7684\u5165\u6808\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5165\u6808\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u65e0\u987b\u81ea\u884c\u5904\u7406\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_stack.py<pre><code>class ArrayStack:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.__stack: list[int] = []\ndef size(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\"\"\"\nreturn len(self.__stack)\ndef is_empty(self) -&gt; bool:\n\"\"\"\u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\"\"\"\nreturn self.__stack == []\ndef push(self, item: int):\n\"\"\"\u5165\u6808\"\"\"\nself.__stack.append(item)\ndef pop(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u51fa\u6808\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\nreturn self.__stack.pop()\ndef peek(self) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\nif self.is_empty():\nraise IndexError(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\nreturn self.__stack[-1]\ndef to_list(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370\"\"\"\nreturn self.__stack\n</code></pre> array_stack.cpp<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass ArrayStack {\nprivate:\nvector&lt;int&gt; stack;\npublic:\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn stack.size();\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn stack.size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nvoid push(int num) {\nstack.push_back(num);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\nvoid pop() {\nint oldTop = top();\nstack.pop_back();\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint top() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow out_of_range(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn stack.back();\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de Vector */\nvector&lt;int&gt; toVector() {\nreturn stack;\n}\n};\n</code></pre> array_stack.java<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass ArrayStack {\nprivate ArrayList&lt;Integer&gt; stack;\npublic ArrayStack() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\nstack = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn stack.size();\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic boolean isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\npublic void push(int num) {\nstack.add(num);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\npublic int pop() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nreturn stack.remove(size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peek() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new IndexOutOfBoundsException();\nreturn stack.get(size() - 1);\n}\n/* \u5c06 List \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\npublic Object[] toArray() {\nreturn stack.toArray();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_stack.cs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass ArrayStack {\nprivate List&lt;int&gt; stack;\npublic ArrayStack() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\nstack = new();\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\npublic int size() {\nreturn stack.Count();\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\npublic bool isEmpty() {\nreturn size() == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\npublic void push(int num) {\nstack.Add(num);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\npublic int pop() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new Exception();\nvar val = peek();\nstack.RemoveAt(size() - 1);\nreturn val;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npublic int peek() {\nif (isEmpty())\nthrow new Exception();\nreturn stack[size() - 1];\n}\n/* \u5c06 List \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\npublic int[] toArray() {\nreturn stack.ToArray();\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_stack.go<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\ntype arrayStack struct {\ndata []int // \u6570\u636e\n}\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\nfunc newArrayStack() *arrayStack {\nreturn &amp;arrayStack{\n// \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\uff0c\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 16\ndata: make([]int, 0, 16),\n}\n}\n/* \u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc (s *arrayStack) size() int {\nreturn len(s.data)\n}\n/* \u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc (s *arrayStack) isEmpty() bool {\nreturn s.size() == 0\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nfunc (s *arrayStack) push(v int) {\n// \u5207\u7247\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5bb9\ns.data = append(s.data, v)\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\nfunc (s *arrayStack) pop() any {\nval := s.peek()\ns.data = s.data[:len(s.data)-1]\nreturn val\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc (s *arrayStack) peek() any {\nif s.isEmpty() {\nreturn nil\n}\nval := s.data[len(s.data)-1]\nreturn val\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6 Slice \u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370 */\nfunc (s *arrayStack) toSlice() []int {\nreturn s.data\n}\n</code></pre> array_stack.swift<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass ArrayStack {\nprivate var stack: [Int]\ninit() {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\nstack = []\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfunc size() -&gt; Int {\nstack.count\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfunc isEmpty() -&gt; Bool {\nstack.isEmpty\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nfunc push(num: Int) {\nstack.append(num)\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\n@discardableResult\nfunc pop() -&gt; Int {\nif isEmpty() {\nfatalError(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n}\nreturn stack.removeLast()\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc peek() -&gt; Int {\nif isEmpty() {\nfatalError(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\")\n}\nreturn stack.last!\n}\n/* \u5c06 List \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\nfunc toArray() -&gt; [Int] {\nstack\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_stack.js<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass ArrayStack {\n#stack;\nconstructor() {\nthis.#stack = [];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nget size() {\nreturn this.#stack.length;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty() {\nreturn this.#stack.length === 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\npush(num) {\nthis.#stack.push(num);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\npop() {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.#stack.pop();\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\ntop() {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.#stack[this.#stack.length - 1];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de Array */\ntoArray() {\nreturn this.#stack;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_stack.ts<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass ArrayStack {\nprivate stack: number[];\nconstructor() {\nthis.stack = [];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nget size(): number {\nreturn this.stack.length;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty(): boolean {\nreturn this.stack.length === 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\npush(num: number): void {\nthis.stack.push(num);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\npop(): number | undefined {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.stack.pop();\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\ntop(): number | undefined {\nif (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error('\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a');\nreturn this.stack[this.stack.length - 1];\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de Array */\ntoArray() {\nreturn this.stack;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_stack.dart<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nclass ArrayStack {\nlate List&lt;int&gt; _stack;\nArrayStack() {\n_stack = [];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size() {\nreturn _stack.length;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty() {\nreturn _stack.isEmpty;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nvoid push(int num) {\n_stack.add(num);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop() {\nif (isEmpty()) {\nthrow Exception(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\n}\nreturn _stack.removeLast();\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek() {\nif (isEmpty()) {\nthrow Exception(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\n}\nreturn _stack.last;\n}\n/* \u5c06\u6808\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a Array \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de */\nList&lt;int&gt; toArray() =&gt; _stack;\n}\n</code></pre> array_stack.rs<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nstruct ArrayStack&lt;T&gt; {\nstack: Vec&lt;T&gt;,\n}\nimpl&lt;T&gt; ArrayStack&lt;T&gt; {\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\nfn new() -&gt; ArrayStack&lt;T&gt; {\nArrayStack::&lt;T&gt; { stack: Vec::&lt;T&gt;::new() }\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nfn size(&amp;self) -&gt; usize {\nself.stack.len()\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nfn is_empty(&amp;self) -&gt; bool {\nself.size() == 0\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nfn push(&amp;mut self, num: T) {\nself.stack.push(num);\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\nfn pop(&amp;mut self) -&gt; Option&lt;T&gt; {\nmatch self.stack.pop() {\nSome(num) =&gt; Some(num),\nNone =&gt; None,\n}\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nfn peek(&amp;self) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;T&gt; {\nif self.is_empty() { panic!(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\") };\nself.stack.last()\n}\n/* \u8fd4\u56de &amp;Vec */\nfn to_array(&amp;self) -&gt; &amp;Vec&lt;T&gt; {\n&amp;self.stack\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_stack.c<pre><code>/* \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808 */\nstruct arrayStack {\nint *data;\nint size;\n};\ntypedef struct arrayStack arrayStack;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\narrayStack *newArrayStack() {\narrayStack *s = malloc(sizeof(arrayStack));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6269\u5bb9\ns-&gt;data = malloc(sizeof(int) * MAX_SIZE);\ns-&gt;size = 0;\nreturn s;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size(arrayStack *s) {\nreturn s-&gt;size;\n}\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty(arrayStack *s) {\nreturn s-&gt;size == 0;\n}\n/* \u5165\u6808 */\nvoid push(arrayStack *s, int num) {\nif (s-&gt;size == MAX_SIZE) {\nprintf(\"stack is full.\\n\");\nreturn;\n}\ns-&gt;data[s-&gt;size] = num;\ns-&gt;size++;\n}\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek(arrayStack *s) {\nif (s-&gt;size == 0) {\nprintf(\"stack is empty.\\n\");\nreturn INT_MAX;\n}\nreturn s-&gt;data[s-&gt;size - 1];\n}\n/* \u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop(arrayStack *s) {\nif (s-&gt;size == 0) {\nprintf(\"stack is empty.\\n\");\nreturn INT_MAX;\n}\nint val = peek(s);\ns-&gt;size--;\nreturn val;\n}\n</code></pre> array_stack.zig<pre><code>// \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\nfn ArrayStack(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nstack: ?std.ArrayList(T) = null,     // \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58+\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808\uff09\npub fn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) void {\nif (self.stack == null) {\nself.stack = std.ArrayList(T).init(allocator);\n}\n}\n// \u6790\u6784\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff09\npub fn deinit(self: *Self) void {\nif (self.stack == null) return;\nself.stack.?.deinit();\n}\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\npub fn size(self: *Self) usize {\nreturn self.stack.?.items.len;\n}\n// \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\npub fn isEmpty(self: *Self) bool {\nreturn self.size() == 0;\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\npub fn peek(self: *Self) T {\nif (self.isEmpty()) @panic(\"\u6808\u4e3a\u7a7a\");\nreturn self.stack.?.items[self.size() - 1];\n}  // \u5165\u6808\npub fn push(self: *Self, num: T) !void {\ntry self.stack.?.append(num);\n} // \u51fa\u6808\npub fn pop(self: *Self) T {\nvar num = self.stack.?.pop();\nreturn num;\n} // \u8fd4\u56de ArrayList\npub fn toList(self: *Self) std.ArrayList(T) {\nreturn self.stack.?;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#513","title":"5.1.3 \u00a0 \u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6bd4","text":"<p>\u652f\u6301\u64cd\u4f5c</p> <p>\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u6808\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u989d\u5916\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5df2\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u6808\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u3002</p> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387</p> <p>\u5728\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5165\u6808\u548c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u9884\u5148\u5206\u914d\u597d\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u672c\u5730\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5165\u6808\u65f6\u8d85\u51fa\u6570\u7ec4\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u6b21\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d8\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6269\u5bb9\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\u6548\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6548\u7387\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5165\u6808\u5143\u7d20\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u53bb\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f53\u5165\u6808\u4e0e\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>int</code> \u6216 <code>double</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\u5728\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\u6548\u7387\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6269\u5bb9\u662f\u4f4e\u9891\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e73\u5747\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8868\u73b0\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387</p> <p>\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u5206\u914d\u201c\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u8be5\u5bb9\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7279\u5b9a\u500d\u7387\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 2 \u500d\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u51fa\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u5b58\u50a8\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5927\u3002</p> <p>\u7efc\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#514","title":"5.1.4 \u00a0 \u6808\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u9000\u4e0e\u524d\u8fdb\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u64a4\u9500\u4e0e\u53cd\u64a4\u9500\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u65b0\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u6267\u884c\u5165\u6808\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\u9000\u64cd\u4f5c\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u9875\u9762\u3002\u540e\u9000\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u6267\u884c\u51fa\u6808\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u540e\u9000\u548c\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u6765\u914d\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u6808\u9876\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u9012\u63a8\u9636\u6bb5\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u6267\u884c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u5411\u4e0a\u56de\u6eaf\u9636\u6bb5\u5219\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/","title":"5.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u6808\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u539f\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6808\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6269\u5bb9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u6b21\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8868\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6808\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6bd4\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\u3002</li> <li>\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u539f\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0a\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e\u524d\u8ff0\u6808\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u7684\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e24\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u540e\u9000\u662f\u5426\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1f</p> <p>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u540e\u9000\u529f\u80fd\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u6808\u201d\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u9875\u9762\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u9875\u9762\u4f1a\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6808\u9876\uff1b\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u540e\u9000\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u9875\u9762\u4f1a\u4ece\u6808\u9876\u5f39\u51fa\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5728\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7ae0\u8282\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u51fa\u6808\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6808\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff1f</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u540e\u7eed\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5f39\u51fa\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u82e5\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\uff0c<code>Java</code> \u548c <code>Python</code> \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u5728 <code>C</code> \u548c <code>C++</code> \u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002</p> <p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u50cf\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u62fc\u63a5\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</p> <p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u6808\u548c\u961f\u5217\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u62fc\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5b83\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u6808 + \u961f\u5217\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u3002</p> <p>\u64a4\u9500\uff08undo\uff09\u548c\u53cd\u64a4\u9500\uff08redo\uff09\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff1f</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u6808 <code>A</code> \u7528\u4e8e\u64a4\u9500\uff0c\u6808 <code>B</code> \u7528\u4e8e\u53cd\u64a4\u9500\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u6bcf\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u538b\u5165\u6808 <code>A</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u6e05\u7a7a\u6808 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u201c\u64a4\u9500\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u6808 <code>A</code> \u4e2d\u5f39\u51fa\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u538b\u5165\u6808 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u201c\u53cd\u64a4\u9500\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u6808 <code>B</code> \u4e2d\u5f39\u51fa\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u538b\u5165\u6808 <code>A</code> \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/","title":"\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6811","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u53c2\u5929\u5927\u6811\u5145\u6ee1\u751f\u547d\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u6df1\u53f6\u8302\uff0c\u5206\u679d\u6276\u758f\u3002</p> <p>\u5b83\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u751f\u52a8\u5f62\u6001\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>7.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811</li> <li>7.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u904d\u5386</li> <li>7.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a</li> <li>7.4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811</li> <li>7.5 \u00a0 AVL \u6811 *</li> <li>7.6 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/","title":"7.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5355\u5143\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9 <code>TreeNode</code> \uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5404\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5426\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/#731","title":"7.3.1 \u00a0 \u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5148\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u6309\u7167\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u201d\uff1a\u82e5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(2i + 1\\) \uff0c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(2i + 2\\) \u3002\u56fe 7-12 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-12 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u7684\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/#732","title":"7.3.2 \u00a0 \u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u5e76\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e9b \\(\\text{None}\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ec5\u51ed\u8be5\u5e8f\u5217\u6765\u63a8\u6d4b \\(\\text{None}\\) \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u7b26\u5408\u8be5\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-13 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u6548\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-13 \u00a0 \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u79cd\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u53ef\u80fd\u6027 </p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5728\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u5199\u51fa\u6240\u6709 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002\u5982\u56fe 7-14 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u552f\u4e00\u8868\u793a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e86\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code># \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\n# \u4f7f\u7528 None \u6765\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u4f4d\ntree = [1, 2, 3, 4, None, 6, 7, 8, 9, None, None, 12, None, None, 15]\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int \u6700\u5927\u503c INT_MAX \u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nvector&lt;int&gt; tree = {1, 2, 3, 4, INT_MAX, 6, 7, 8, 9, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, 12, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, 15};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int \u7684\u5305\u88c5\u7c7b Integer \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nInteger[] tree = { 1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15 };\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int? \u53ef\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nint?[] tree = { 1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15 };\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 any \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5207\u7247, \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 nil \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\ntree := []any{1, 2, 3, 4, nil, 6, 7, 8, 9, nil, nil, 12, nil, nil, 15}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 Int? \u53ef\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 nil \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nlet tree: [Int?] = [1, 2, 3, 4, nil, 6, 7, 8, 9, nil, nil, 12, nil, nil, 15]\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nlet tree = [1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nlet tree: (number | null)[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int? \u53ef\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nList&lt;int?&gt; tree = [1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 None \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nlet tree = [Some(1), Some(2), Some(3), Some(4), None, Some(6), Some(7), Some(8), Some(9), None, None, Some(12), None, None, Some(15)];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int \u6700\u5927\u503c\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u6c42\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a INT_MAX\nint tree[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, INT_MAX, 6, 7, 8, 9, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, 12, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, 15};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-14 \u00a0 \u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u56de\u987e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\\(\\text{None}\\) \u53ea\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u4e14\u9760\u53f3\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u6709 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u4e00\u5b9a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709 \\(\\text{None}\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u56fe 7-15 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-15 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u67d0\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u3001\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u83b7\u53d6\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_binary_tree.py<pre><code>class ArrayBinaryTree:\n\"\"\"\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, arr: list[int | None]):\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\nself.__tree = list(arr)\ndef size(self):\n\"\"\"\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\"\"\"\nreturn len(self.__tree)\ndef val(self, i: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\"\"\"\n# \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de None \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif i &lt; 0 or i &gt;= self.size():\nreturn None\nreturn self.__tree[i]\ndef left(self, i: int) -&gt; int | None:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\"\"\"\nreturn 2 * i + 1\ndef right(self, i: int) -&gt; int | None:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\"\"\"\nreturn 2 * i + 2\ndef parent(self, i: int) -&gt; int | None:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\"\"\"\nreturn (i - 1) // 2\ndef level_order(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\"\"\"\nself.res = []\n# \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i in range(self.size()):\nif self.val(i) is not None:\nself.res.append(self.val(i))\nreturn self.res\ndef __dfs(self, i: int, order: str):\n\"\"\"\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\"\"\"\nif self.val(i) is None:\nreturn\n# \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"pre\":\nself.res.append(self.val(i))\nself.__dfs(self.left(i), order)\n# \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"in\":\nself.res.append(self.val(i))\nself.__dfs(self.right(i), order)\n# \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"post\":\nself.res.append(self.val(i))\ndef pre_order(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\"\"\"\nself.res = []\nself.__dfs(0, order=\"pre\")\nreturn self.res\ndef in_order(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\"\"\"\nself.res = []\nself.__dfs(0, order=\"in\")\nreturn self.res\ndef post_order(self) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\"\"\"\nself.res = []\nself.__dfs(0, order=\"post\")\nreturn self.res\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\nclass ArrayBinaryTree {\npublic:\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nArrayBinaryTree(vector&lt;int&gt; arr) {\ntree = arr;\n}\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nint size() {\nreturn tree.size();\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\nint val(int i) {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de INT_MAX \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif (i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size())\nreturn INT_MAX;\nreturn tree[i];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint left(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint right(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint parent(int i) {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2;\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; levelOrder() {\nvector&lt;int&gt; res;\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size(); i++) {\nif (val(i) != INT_MAX)\nres.push_back(val(i));\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; preOrder() {\nvector&lt;int&gt; res;\ndfs(0, \"pre\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; inOrder() {\nvector&lt;int&gt; res;\ndfs(0, \"in\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; postOrder() {\nvector&lt;int&gt; res;\ndfs(0, \"post\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\nprivate:\nvector&lt;int&gt; tree;\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid dfs(int i, string order, vector&lt;int&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nif (val(i) == INT_MAX)\nreturn;\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == \"pre\")\nres.push_back(val(i));\ndfs(left(i), order, res);\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == \"in\")\nres.push_back(val(i));\ndfs(right(i), order, res);\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == \"post\")\nres.push_back(val(i));\n}\n};\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\nclass ArrayBinaryTree {\nprivate List&lt;Integer&gt; tree;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic ArrayBinaryTree(List&lt;Integer&gt; arr) {\ntree = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(arr);\n}\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\npublic int size() {\nreturn tree.size();\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\npublic Integer val(int i) {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif (i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size())\nreturn null;\nreturn tree.get(i);\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\npublic Integer left(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\npublic Integer right(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\npublic Integer parent(int i) {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2;\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npublic List&lt;Integer&gt; levelOrder() {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size(); i++) {\nif (val(i) != null)\nres.add(val(i));\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\nprivate void dfs(Integer i, String order, List&lt;Integer&gt; res) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nif (val(i) == null)\nreturn;\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == \"pre\")\nres.add(val(i));\ndfs(left(i), order, res);\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == \"in\")\nres.add(val(i));\ndfs(right(i), order, res);\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == \"post\")\nres.add(val(i));\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npublic List&lt;Integer&gt; preOrder() {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\ndfs(0, \"pre\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npublic List&lt;Integer&gt; inOrder() {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\ndfs(0, \"in\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npublic List&lt;Integer&gt; postOrder() {\nList&lt;Integer&gt; res = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\ndfs(0, \"post\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\nclass ArrayBinaryTree {\nprivate List&lt;int?&gt; tree;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\npublic ArrayBinaryTree(List&lt;int?&gt; arr) {\ntree = new List&lt;int?&gt;(arr);\n}\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\npublic int size() {\nreturn tree.Count;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\npublic int? val(int i) {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif (i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size())\nreturn null;\nreturn tree[i];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\npublic int left(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\npublic int right(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\npublic int parent(int i) {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2;\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npublic List&lt;int&gt; levelOrder() {\nList&lt;int&gt; res = new List&lt;int&gt;();\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size(); i++) {\nif (val(i).HasValue)\nres.Add(val(i).Value);\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\nprivate void dfs(int i, string order, List&lt;int&gt; res) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nif (!val(i).HasValue)\nreturn;\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == \"pre\")\nres.Add(val(i).Value);\ndfs(left(i), order, res);\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == \"in\")\nres.Add(val(i).Value);\ndfs(right(i), order, res);\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == \"post\")\nres.Add(val(i).Value);\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npublic List&lt;int&gt; preOrder() {\nList&lt;int&gt; res = new List&lt;int&gt;();\ndfs(0, \"pre\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npublic List&lt;int&gt; inOrder() {\nList&lt;int&gt; res = new List&lt;int&gt;();\ndfs(0, \"in\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npublic List&lt;int&gt; postOrder() {\nList&lt;int&gt; res = new List&lt;int&gt;();\ndfs(0, \"post\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\ntype arrayBinaryTree struct {\ntree []any\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfunc newArrayBinaryTree(arr []any) *arrayBinaryTree {\nreturn &amp;arrayBinaryTree{\ntree: arr,\n}\n}\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) size() int {\nreturn len(abt.tree)\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) val(i int) any {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= abt.size() {\nreturn nil\n}\nreturn abt.tree[i]\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) left(i int) int {\nreturn 2*i + 1\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) right(i int) int {\nreturn 2*i + 2\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) parent(i int) int {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) levelOrder() []any {\nvar res []any\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i := 0; i &lt; abt.size(); i++ {\nif abt.val(i) != nil {\nres = append(res, abt.val(i))\n}\n}\nreturn res\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) dfs(i int, order string, res *[]any) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nif abt.val(i) == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"pre\" {\n*res = append(*res, abt.val(i))\n}\nabt.dfs(abt.left(i), order, res)\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"in\" {\n*res = append(*res, abt.val(i))\n}\nabt.dfs(abt.right(i), order, res)\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"post\" {\n*res = append(*res, abt.val(i))\n}\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) preOrder() []any {\nvar res []any\nabt.dfs(0, \"pre\", &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) inOrder() []any {\nvar res []any\nabt.dfs(0, \"in\", &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc (abt *arrayBinaryTree) postOrder() []any {\nvar res []any\nabt.dfs(0, \"post\", &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\nclass ArrayBinaryTree {\nprivate var tree: [Int?]\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\ninit(arr: [Int?]) {\ntree = arr\n}\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nfunc size() -&gt; Int {\ntree.count\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\nfunc val(i: Int) -&gt; Int? {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size() {\nreturn nil\n}\nreturn tree[i]\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc left(i: Int) -&gt; Int {\n2 * i + 1\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc right(i: Int) -&gt; Int {\n2 * i + 2\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfunc parent(i: Int) -&gt; Int {\n(i - 1) / 2\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc levelOrder() -&gt; [Int] {\nvar res: [Int] = []\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i in stride(from: 0, to: size(), by: 1) {\nif let val = val(i: i) {\nres.append(val)\n}\n}\nreturn res\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\nprivate func dfs(i: Int, order: String, res: inout [Int]) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nguard let val = val(i: i) else {\nreturn\n}\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"pre\" {\nres.append(val)\n}\ndfs(i: left(i: i), order: order, res: &amp;res)\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"in\" {\nres.append(val)\n}\ndfs(i: right(i: i), order: order, res: &amp;res)\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"post\" {\nres.append(val)\n}\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc preOrder() -&gt; [Int] {\nvar res: [Int] = []\ndfs(i: 0, order: \"pre\", res: &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc inOrder() -&gt; [Int] {\nvar res: [Int] = []\ndfs(i: 0, order: \"in\", res: &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc postOrder() -&gt; [Int] {\nvar res: [Int] = []\ndfs(i: 0, order: \"post\", res: &amp;res)\nreturn res\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\nclass ArrayBinaryTree {\n#tree;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor(arr) {\nthis.#tree = arr;\n}\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nsize() {\nreturn this.#tree.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\nval(i) {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif (i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= this.size()) return null;\nreturn this.#tree[i];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nleft(i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nright(i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nparent(i) {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2;\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nlevelOrder() {\nlet res = [];\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.size(); i++) {\nif (this.val(i) !== null) res.push(this.val(i));\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\n#dfs(i, order, res) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nif (this.val(i) === null) return;\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order === 'pre') res.push(this.val(i));\nthis.#dfs(this.left(i), order, res);\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order === 'in') res.push(this.val(i));\nthis.#dfs(this.right(i), order, res);\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order === 'post') res.push(this.val(i));\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npreOrder() {\nconst res = [];\nthis.#dfs(0, 'pre', res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\ninOrder() {\nconst res = [];\nthis.#dfs(0, 'in', res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npostOrder() {\nconst res = [];\nthis.#dfs(0, 'post', res);\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\nclass ArrayBinaryTree {\n#tree: (number | null)[];\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nconstructor(arr: (number | null)[]) {\nthis.#tree = arr;\n}\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nsize(): number {\nreturn this.#tree.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\nval(i: number): number | null {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif (i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= this.size()) return null;\nreturn this.#tree[i];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nleft(i: number): number {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nright(i: number): number {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nparent(i: number): number {\nreturn (i - 1) / 2;\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nlevelOrder(): number[] {\nlet res = [];\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; this.size(); i++) {\nif (this.val(i) !== null) res.push(this.val(i));\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\n#dfs(i: number, order: Order, res: (number | null)[]): void {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nif (this.val(i) === null) return;\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order === 'pre') res.push(this.val(i));\nthis.#dfs(this.left(i), order, res);\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order === 'in') res.push(this.val(i));\nthis.#dfs(this.right(i), order, res);\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order === 'post') res.push(this.val(i));\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npreOrder(): (number | null)[] {\nconst res = [];\nthis.#dfs(0, 'pre', res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\ninOrder(): (number | null)[] {\nconst res = [];\nthis.#dfs(0, 'in', res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\npostOrder(): (number | null)[] {\nconst res = [];\nthis.#dfs(0, 'post', res);\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\nclass ArrayBinaryTree {\nlate List&lt;int?&gt; _tree;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nArrayBinaryTree(this._tree);\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nint size() {\nreturn _tree.length;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\nint? val(int i) {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif (i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size()) {\nreturn null;\n}\nreturn _tree[i];\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint? left(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 1;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint? right(int i) {\nreturn 2 * i + 2;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nint? parent(int i) {\nreturn (i - 1) ~/ 2;\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nList&lt;int&gt; levelOrder() {\nList&lt;int&gt; res = [];\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size(); i++) {\nif (val(i) != null) {\nres.add(val(i)!);\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid dfs(int i, String order, List&lt;int?&gt; res) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nif (val(i) == null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == 'pre') {\nres.add(val(i));\n}\ndfs(left(i)!, order, res);\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == 'in') {\nres.add(val(i));\n}\ndfs(right(i)!, order, res);\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (order == 'post') {\nres.add(val(i));\n}\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nList&lt;int?&gt; preOrder() {\nList&lt;int?&gt; res = [];\ndfs(0, 'pre', res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nList&lt;int?&gt; inOrder() {\nList&lt;int?&gt; res = [];\ndfs(0, 'in', res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nList&lt;int?&gt; postOrder() {\nList&lt;int?&gt; res = [];\ndfs(0, 'post', res);\nreturn res;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\nstruct ArrayBinaryTree {\ntree: Vec&lt;Option&lt;i32&gt;&gt;,\n}\nimpl ArrayBinaryTree {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfn new(arr: Vec&lt;Option&lt;i32&gt;&gt;) -&gt; Self {\nSelf { tree: arr }\n}\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nfn size(&amp;self) -&gt; i32 {\nself.tree.len() as i32\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\nfn val(&amp;self, i: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;i32&gt; {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de None \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= self.size() {\nNone\n} else {\nself.tree[i as usize]\n}\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfn left(&amp;self, i: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n2 * i + 1\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfn right(&amp;self, i: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n2 * i + 2\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 */\nfn parent(&amp;self, i: i32) -&gt; i32 {\n(i - 1) / 2\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfn level_order(&amp;self) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\nlet mut res = vec![];\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i in 0..self.size() {\nif let Some(val) = self.val(i) {\nres.push(val)\n}\n}\nres\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\nfn dfs(&amp;self, i: i32, order: &amp;str, res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;i32&gt;) {\nif self.val(i).is_none() {\nreturn;\n}\nlet val = self.val(i).unwrap();\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"pre\" {\nres.push(val);\n}\nself.dfs(self.left(i), order, res);\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"in\" {\nres.push(val);\n}\nself.dfs(self.right(i), order, res);\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif order == \"post\" {\nres.push(val);\n}\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfn pre_order(&amp;self) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\nlet mut res = vec![];\nself.dfs(0, \"pre\", &amp;mut res);\nres\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfn in_order(&amp;self) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\nlet mut res = vec![];\nself.dfs(0, \"in\", &amp;mut res);\nres\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfn post_order(&amp;self) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\nlet mut res = vec![];\nself.dfs(0, \"post\", &amp;mut res);\nres\n}\n}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b */\nstruct arrayBinaryTree {\nvector *tree;\n};\ntypedef struct arrayBinaryTree arrayBinaryTree;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\narrayBinaryTree *newArrayBinaryTree(vector *arr) {\narrayBinaryTree *newABT = malloc(sizeof(arrayBinaryTree));\nnewABT-&gt;tree = arr;\nreturn newABT;\n}\n/* \u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf */\nint size(arrayBinaryTree *abt) {\nreturn abt-&gt;tree-&gt;size;\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c */\nint val(arrayBinaryTree *abt, int i) {\n// \u82e5\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de INT_MAX \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u4f4d\nif (i &lt; 0 || i &gt;= size(abt))\nreturn INT_MAX;\nreturn *(int *)abt-&gt;tree-&gt;data[i];\n}\n/* \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid dfs(arrayBinaryTree *abt, int i, const char *order, vector *res) {\n// \u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\nif (val(abt, i) == INT_MAX)\nreturn;\n// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (strcmp(order, \"pre\") == 0) {\nint tmp = val(abt, i);\nvectorPushback(res, &amp;tmp, sizeof(tmp));\n}\ndfs(abt, left(i), order, res);\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (strcmp(order, \"in\") == 0) {\nint tmp = val(abt, i);\nvectorPushback(res, &amp;tmp, sizeof(tmp));\n}\ndfs(abt, right(i), order, res);\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nif (strcmp(order, \"post\") == 0) {\nint tmp = val(abt, i);\nvectorPushback(res, &amp;tmp, sizeof(tmp));\n}\n}\n/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvector *levelOrder(arrayBinaryTree *abt) {\nvector *res = newVector();\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; size(abt); i++) {\nif (val(abt, i) != INT_MAX) {\nint tmp = val(abt, i);\nvectorPushback(res, &amp;tmp, sizeof(int));\n}\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvector *preOrder(arrayBinaryTree *abt) {\nvector *res = newVector();\ndfs(abt, 0, \"pre\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvector *inOrder(arrayBinaryTree *abt) {\nvector *res = newVector();\ndfs(abt, 0, \"in\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvector *postOrder(arrayBinaryTree *abt) {\nvector *res = newVector();\ndfs(abt, 0, \"post\", res);\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/#733","title":"7.3.3 \u00a0 \u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f13\u5b58\u53cb\u597d\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0e\u904d\u5386\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5141\u8bb8\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u6811\u3002</li> <li>\u589e\u5220\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf \\(\\text{None}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u636e\u6bd4\u91cd\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5229\u7528\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/","title":"7.5 \u00a0 AVL \u6811 *","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u53ef\u80fd\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5c06\u4ece \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u6076\u5316\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-24 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e24\u6b21\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4fbf\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-24 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5728\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u9000\u5316 </p> <p>\u518d\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u56fe 7-25 \u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u6811\u5c06\u4e25\u91cd\u5411\u5de6\u503e\u659c\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u6076\u5316\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-25 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u9000\u5316 </p> <p>G. M. Adelson-Velsky \u548c E. M. Landis \u5728\u5176 1962 \u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587 \"An algorithm for the organization of information\" \u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300cAVL \u6811\u300d\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0cAVL \u6811\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4fdd\u6301\u5728 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7ea7\u522b\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u8fdb\u884c\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cAVL \u6811\u80fd\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#751-avl","title":"7.5.1 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5e38\u89c1\u672f\u8bed","text":"<p>AVL \u6811\u65e2\u662f\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e5f\u662f\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e24\u7c7b\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811 balanced binary search tree\u300d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e AVL \u6811\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>height</code> \u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class TreeNode:\n\"\"\"AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val                 # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.height: int = 0                # \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nself.left: TreeNode | None = None   # \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nself.right: TreeNode | None = None  # \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nstruct TreeNode {\nint val{};          // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nint height = 0;     // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nTreeNode *left{};   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *right{};  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode() = default;\nexplicit TreeNode(int x) : val(x){}\n};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\npublic int val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\npublic int height;     // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\npublic TreeNode left;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\npublic TreeNode right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\npublic TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\npublic int val;          // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\npublic int height;       // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\npublic TreeNode? left;   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\npublic TreeNode? right;  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\npublic TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype TreeNode struct {\nVal    int       // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nHeight int       // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nLeft   *TreeNode // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nRight  *TreeNode // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nvar val: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nvar height: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nvar left: TreeNode? // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nvar right: TreeNode? // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\ninit(x: Int) {\nval = x\nheight = 0\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nval; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nheight; //\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nleft; // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nright; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nconstructor(val, left, right, height) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val;\nthis.height = height === undefined ? 0 : height;\nthis.left = left === undefined ? null : left;\nthis.right = right === undefined ? null : right;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nval: number;            // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nheight: number;         // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nleft: TreeNode | null;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nright: TreeNode | null; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nconstructor(val?: number, height?: number, left?: TreeNode | null, right?: TreeNode | null) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val;\nthis.height = height === undefined ? 0 : height; this.left = left === undefined ? null : left; this.right = right === undefined ? null : right; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nint height;      // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nTreeNode? left;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode(this.val, [this.height = 0, this.left, this.right]);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nval: i32,                               // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nheight: i32,                            // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nleft: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;,    // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nright: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;,   // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\n}\nimpl TreeNode {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfn new(val: i32) -&gt; Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;Self&gt;&gt; {\nRc::new(RefCell::new(Self {\nval,\nheight: 0,\nleft: None,\nright: None\n}))\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nint val;\nint height;\nstruct TreeNode *left;\nstruct TreeNode *right;\n};\ntypedef struct TreeNode TreeNode;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nTreeNode *newTreeNode(int val) {\nTreeNode *node;\nnode = (TreeNode *)malloc(sizeof(TreeNode));\nnode-&gt;val = val;\nnode-&gt;height = 0;\nnode-&gt;left = NULL;\nnode-&gt;right = NULL;\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201d\u662f\u6307\u4ece\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6700\u8fdc\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u8fb9\u201d\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0 \uff0c\u800c\u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>def height(self, node: TreeNode | None) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\"\"\"\n# \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nif node is not None:\nreturn node.height\nreturn -1\ndef __update_height(self, node: TreeNode | None):\n\"\"\"\u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\"\"\"\n# \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode.height = max([self.height(node.left), self.height(node.right)]) + 1\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nint height(TreeNode *node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nreturn node == nullptr ? -1 : node-&gt;height;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nvoid updateHeight(TreeNode *node) {\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode-&gt;height = max(height(node-&gt;left), height(node-&gt;right)) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nint height(TreeNode node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nreturn node == null ? -1 : node.height;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nvoid updateHeight(TreeNode node) {\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode.height = Math.max(height(node.left), height(node.right)) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nint height(TreeNode? node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nreturn node == null ? -1 : node.height;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nvoid updateHeight(TreeNode node) {\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode.height = Math.Max(height(node.left), height(node.right)) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) height(node *TreeNode) int {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nif node != nil {\nreturn node.Height\n}\nreturn -1\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) updateHeight(node *TreeNode) {\nlh := t.height(node.Left)\nrh := t.height(node.Right)\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nif lh &gt; rh {\nnode.Height = lh + 1\n} else {\nnode.Height = rh + 1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nfunc height(node: TreeNode?) -&gt; Int {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nnode == nil ? -1 : node!.height\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nfunc updateHeight(node: TreeNode?) {\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode?.height = max(height(node: node?.left), height(node: node?.right)) + 1\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nheight(node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nreturn node === null ? -1 : node.height;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\n#updateHeight(node) {\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode.height =\nMath.max(this.height(node.left), this.height(node.right)) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nheight(node: TreeNode): number {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nreturn node === null ? -1 : node.height;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nupdateHeight(node: TreeNode): void {\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode.height =\nMath.max(this.height(node.left), this.height(node.right)) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nint height(TreeNode? node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nreturn node == null ? -1 : node.height;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nvoid updateHeight(TreeNode? node) {\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode!.height = max(height(node.left), height(node.right)) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nfn height(node: OptionTreeNodeRc) -&gt; i32 {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nmatch node {\nSome(node) =&gt; node.borrow().height,\nNone =&gt; -1,\n}\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nfn update_height(node: OptionTreeNodeRc) {\nif let Some(node) = node {\nlet left = node.borrow().left.clone();\nlet right = node.borrow().right.clone();\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode.borrow_mut().height = std::cmp::max(Self::height(left), Self::height(right)) + 1;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nint height(TreeNode *node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nif (node != NULL) {\nreturn node-&gt;height;\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6 */\nvoid updateHeight(TreeNode *node) {\nint lh = height(node-&gt;left);\nint rh = height(node-&gt;right);\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nif (lh &gt; rh) {\nnode-&gt;height = lh + 1;\n} else {\nnode-&gt;height = rh + 1;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nfn height(self: *Self, node: ?*inc.TreeNode(T)) i32 {\n_ = self;\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\nreturn if (node == null) -1 else node.?.height;\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nfn updateHeight(self: *Self, node: ?*inc.TreeNode(T)) void {\n// \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 + 1\nnode.?.height = @max(self.height(node.?.left), self.height(node.?.right)) + 1;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50","text":"<p>\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 balance factor\u300d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u51cf\u53bb\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u89c4\u5b9a\u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0 \u3002\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u5c06\u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>def balance_factor(self, node: TreeNode | None) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\"\"\"\n# \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif node is None:\nreturn 0\n# \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn self.height(node.left) - self.height(node.right)\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nint balanceFactor(TreeNode *node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif (node == nullptr)\nreturn 0;\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn height(node-&gt;left) - height(node-&gt;right);\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nint balanceFactor(TreeNode node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif (node == null)\nreturn 0;\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn height(node.left) - height(node.right);\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nint balanceFactor(TreeNode? node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif (node == null) return 0;\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn height(node.left) - height(node.right);\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) balanceFactor(node *TreeNode) int {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif node == nil {\nreturn 0\n}\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn t.height(node.Left) - t.height(node.Right)\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nfunc balanceFactor(node: TreeNode?) -&gt; Int {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nguard let node = node else { return 0 }\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn height(node: node.left) - height(node: node.right)\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nbalanceFactor(node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif (node === null) return 0;\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn this.height(node.left) - this.height(node.right);\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nbalanceFactor(node: TreeNode): number {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif (node === null) return 0;\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn this.height(node.left) - this.height(node.right);\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nint balanceFactor(TreeNode? node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif (node == null) return 0;\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn height(node.left) - height(node.right);\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nfn balance_factor(node: OptionTreeNodeRc) -&gt; i32 {\nmatch node {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nNone =&gt; 0,\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nSome(node) =&gt; {\nSelf::height(node.borrow().left.clone()) - Self::height(node.borrow().right.clone())\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 */\nint balanceFactor(TreeNode *node) {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif (node == NULL) {\nreturn 0;\n}\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn height(node-&gt;left) - height(node-&gt;right);\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nfn balanceFactor(self: *Self, node: ?*inc.TreeNode(T)) i32 {\n// \u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0\nif (node == null) return 0;\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 = \u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 - \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\nreturn self.height(node.?.left) - self.height(node.?.right);\n}\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>\u8bbe\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a \\(f\\) \uff0c\u5219\u4e00\u68f5 AVL \u6811\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u7686\u6ee1\u8db3 \\(-1 \\le f \\le 1\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#752-avl","title":"7.5.2 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u65cb\u8f6c","text":"<p>AVL \u6811\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u201c\u65cb\u8f6c\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65e2\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u201c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u4f7f\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u53d8\u4e3a\u201c\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c \\(&gt; 1\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8282\u70b9\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u79cd\uff1a\u53f3\u65cb\u3001\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u53f3\u65cb","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-26 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u4e0b\u65b9\u4e3a\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u770b\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u9996\u4e2a\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9 3\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u4ee5\u8be5\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u6811\uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>node</code> \uff0c\u5176\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>child</code> \uff0c\u6267\u884c\u201c\u53f3\u65cb\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\uff0c\u5b50\u6811\u5df2\u7ecf\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-26 \u00a0 \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-27 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u8282\u70b9 <code>child</code> \u6709\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>grandChild</code> \uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u53f3\u65cb\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5c06 <code>grandChild</code> \u4f5c\u4e3a <code>node</code> \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-27 \u00a0 \u6709 grandChild \u7684\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u201c\u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u8c61\u5316\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>def __right_rotate(self, node: TreeNode | None) -&gt; TreeNode | None:\n\"\"\"\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\nchild = node.left\ngrand_child = child.right\n# \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.right = node\nnode.left = grand_child\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nself.__update_height(node)\nself.__update_height(child)\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode *rightRotate(TreeNode *node) {\nTreeNode *child = node-&gt;left;\nTreeNode *grandChild = child-&gt;right;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild-&gt;right = node;\nnode-&gt;left = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode rightRotate(TreeNode node) {\nTreeNode child = node.left;\nTreeNode grandChild = child.right;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.right = node;\nnode.left = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode? rightRotate(TreeNode? node) {\nTreeNode? child = node.left;\nTreeNode? grandChild = child?.right;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.right = node;\nnode.left = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) rightRotate(node *TreeNode) *TreeNode {\nchild := node.Left\ngrandChild := child.Right\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.Right = node\nnode.Left = grandChild\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nt.updateHeight(node)\nt.updateHeight(child)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc rightRotate(node: TreeNode?) -&gt; TreeNode? {\nlet child = node?.left\nlet grandChild = child?.right\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild?.right = node\nnode?.left = grandChild\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node: node)\nupdateHeight(node: child)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\n#rightRotate(node) {\nconst child = node.left;\nconst grandChild = child.right;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.right = node;\nnode.left = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nthis.#updateHeight(node);\nthis.#updateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nrightRotate(node: TreeNode): TreeNode {\nconst child = node.left;\nconst grandChild = child.right;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.right = node;\nnode.left = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nthis.updateHeight(node);\nthis.updateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode? rightRotate(TreeNode? node) {\nTreeNode? child = node!.left;\nTreeNode? grandChild = child!.right;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.right = node;\nnode.left = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfn right_rotate(node: OptionTreeNodeRc) -&gt; OptionTreeNodeRc {\nmatch node {\nSome(node) =&gt; {\nlet child = node.borrow().left.clone().unwrap();\nlet grand_child = child.borrow().right.clone();\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.borrow_mut().right = Some(node.clone());\nnode.borrow_mut().left = grand_child;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nSelf::update_height(Some(node));\nSelf::update_height(Some(child.clone()));\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nSome(child)\n}\nNone =&gt; None,\n}\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode *rightRotate(TreeNode *node) {\nTreeNode *child, *grandChild;\nchild = node-&gt;left;\ngrandChild = child-&gt;right;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild-&gt;right = node;\nnode-&gt;left = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\nfn rightRotate(self: *Self, node: ?*inc.TreeNode(T)) ?*inc.TreeNode(T) {\nvar child = node.?.left;\nvar grandChild = child.?.right;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.?.right = node;\nnode.?.left = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nself.updateHeight(node);\nself.updateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5de6\u65cb","text":"<p>\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8003\u8651\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5931\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u201c\u955c\u50cf\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u56fe 7-28 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u201c\u5de6\u65cb\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-28 \u00a0 \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 7-29 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u8282\u70b9 <code>child</code> \u6709\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>grandChild</code> \uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5de6\u65cb\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5c06 <code>grandChild</code> \u4f5c\u4e3a <code>node</code> \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-29 \u00a0 \u6709 grandChild \u7684\u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u53f3\u65cb\u548c\u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u662f\u955c\u50cf\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u53f3\u65cb\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684 <code>left</code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>right</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684 <code>right</code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>left</code> \uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u5de6\u65cb\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>def __left_rotate(self, node: TreeNode | None) -&gt; TreeNode | None:\n\"\"\"\u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\"\"\"\nchild = node.right\ngrand_child = child.left\n# \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.left = node\nnode.right = grand_child\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nself.__update_height(node)\nself.__update_height(child)\n# \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode *leftRotate(TreeNode *node) {\nTreeNode *child = node-&gt;right;\nTreeNode *grandChild = child-&gt;left;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild-&gt;left = node;\nnode-&gt;right = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode leftRotate(TreeNode node) {\nTreeNode child = node.right;\nTreeNode grandChild = child.left;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.left = node;\nnode.right = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode? leftRotate(TreeNode? node) {\nTreeNode? child = node.right;\nTreeNode? grandChild = child?.left;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.left = node;\nnode.right = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) leftRotate(node *TreeNode) *TreeNode {\nchild := node.Right\ngrandChild := child.Left\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.Left = node\nnode.Right = grandChild\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nt.updateHeight(node)\nt.updateHeight(child)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfunc leftRotate(node: TreeNode?) -&gt; TreeNode? {\nlet child = node?.right\nlet grandChild = child?.left\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild?.left = node\nnode?.right = grandChild\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node: node)\nupdateHeight(node: child)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\n#leftRotate(node) {\nconst child = node.right;\nconst grandChild = child.left;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.left = node;\nnode.right = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nthis.#updateHeight(node);\nthis.#updateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nleftRotate(node: TreeNode): TreeNode {\nconst child = node.right;\nconst grandChild = child.left;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.left = node;\nnode.right = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nthis.updateHeight(node);\nthis.updateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode? leftRotate(TreeNode? node) {\nTreeNode? child = node!.right;\nTreeNode? grandChild = child!.left;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.left = node;\nnode.right = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nfn left_rotate(node: OptionTreeNodeRc) -&gt; OptionTreeNodeRc {\nmatch node {\nSome(node) =&gt; {\nlet child = node.borrow().right.clone().unwrap();\nlet grand_child = child.borrow().left.clone();\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.borrow_mut().left = Some(node.clone());\nnode.borrow_mut().right = grand_child;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nSelf::update_height(Some(node));\nSelf::update_height(Some(child.clone()));\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nSome(child)\n}\nNone =&gt; None,\n}\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c */\nTreeNode *leftRotate(TreeNode *node) {\nTreeNode *child, *grandChild;\nchild = node-&gt;right;\ngrandChild = child-&gt;left;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild-&gt;left = node;\nnode-&gt;right = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\nupdateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\nfn leftRotate(self: *Self, node: ?*inc.TreeNode(T)) ?*inc.TreeNode(T) {\nvar child = node.?.right;\nvar grandChild = child.?.left;\n// \u4ee5 child \u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06 node \u5411\u5de6\u65cb\u8f6c\nchild.?.left = node;\nnode.?.right = grandChild;\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nself.updateHeight(node);\nself.updateHeight(child);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u540e\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn child;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fe 7-30 \u4e2d\u7684\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9 3 \uff0c\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de6\u65cb\u6216\u53f3\u65cb\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5b50\u6811\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5bf9 <code>child</code> \u6267\u884c\u201c\u5de6\u65cb\u201d\uff0c\u518d\u5bf9 <code>node</code> \u6267\u884c\u201c\u53f3\u65cb\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-30 \u00a0 \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-31 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5931\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5bf9 <code>child</code> \u6267\u884c\u201c\u53f3\u65cb\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9 <code>node</code> \u6267\u884c\u201c\u5de6\u65cb\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-31 \u00a0 \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#5","title":"5. \u00a0 \u65cb\u8f6c\u7684\u9009\u62e9","text":"<p>\u56fe 7-32 \u5c55\u793a\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6848\u4f8b\u9010\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u53f3\u65cb\u3001\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u53f3\u540e\u5de6\u3001\u5148\u5de6\u540e\u53f3\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-32 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u65cb\u8f6c\u60c5\u51b5 </p> <p>\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5224\u65ad\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f83\u9ad8\u4e00\u4fa7\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u6b63\u8d1f\u53f7\uff0c\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u56fe 7-32 \u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 7-3 \u00a0 \u56db\u79cd\u65cb\u8f6c\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6761\u4ef6 </p> \u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 \u5e94\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u65b9\u6cd5 \\(&gt; 1\\) \uff08\u5373\u5de6\u504f\u6811\uff09 \\(\\geq 0\\) \u53f3\u65cb \\(&gt; 1\\) \uff08\u5373\u5de6\u504f\u6811\uff09 \\(&lt;0\\) \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb \\(&lt; -1\\) \uff08\u5373\u53f3\u504f\u6811\uff09 \\(\\leq 0\\) \u5de6\u65cb \\(&lt; -1\\) \uff08\u5373\u53f3\u504f\u6811\uff09 \\(&gt;0\\) \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>def __rotate(self, node: TreeNode | None) -&gt; TreeNode | None:\n\"\"\"\u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\"\"\"\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nbalance_factor = self.balance_factor(node)\n# \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif balance_factor &gt; 1:\nif self.balance_factor(node.left) &gt;= 0:\n# \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn self.__right_rotate(node)\nelse:\n# \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode.left = self.__left_rotate(node.left)\nreturn self.__right_rotate(node)\n# \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nelif balance_factor &lt; -1:\nif self.balance_factor(node.right) &lt;= 0:\n# \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn self.__left_rotate(node)\nelse:\n# \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode.right = self.__right_rotate(node.right)\nreturn self.__left_rotate(node)\n# \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nTreeNode *rotate(TreeNode *node) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nint _balanceFactor = balanceFactor(node);\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif (_balanceFactor &gt; 1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node-&gt;left) &gt;= 0) {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode-&gt;left = leftRotate(node-&gt;left);\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif (_balanceFactor &lt; -1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node-&gt;right) &lt;= 0) {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode-&gt;right = rightRotate(node-&gt;right);\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nTreeNode rotate(TreeNode node) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nint balanceFactor = balanceFactor(node);\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif (balanceFactor &gt; 1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node.left) &gt;= 0) {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode.left = leftRotate(node.left);\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif (balanceFactor &lt; -1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node.right) &lt;= 0) {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode.right = rightRotate(node.right);\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nTreeNode? rotate(TreeNode? node) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nint balanceFactorInt = balanceFactor(node);\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif (balanceFactorInt &gt; 1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node.left) &gt;= 0) {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode.left = leftRotate(node?.left);\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif (balanceFactorInt &lt; -1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node.right) &lt;= 0) {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode.right = rightRotate(node?.right);\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) rotate(node *TreeNode) *TreeNode {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\n// Go \u63a8\u8350\u77ed\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc bf \u6307\u4ee3 t.balanceFactor\nbf := t.balanceFactor(node)\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif bf &gt; 1 {\nif t.balanceFactor(node.Left) &gt;= 0 {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn t.rightRotate(node)\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode.Left = t.leftRotate(node.Left)\nreturn t.rightRotate(node)\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif bf &lt; -1 {\nif t.balanceFactor(node.Right) &lt;= 0 {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn t.leftRotate(node)\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode.Right = t.rightRotate(node.Right)\nreturn t.leftRotate(node)\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nfunc rotate(node: TreeNode?) -&gt; TreeNode? {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nlet balanceFactor = balanceFactor(node: node)\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif balanceFactor &gt; 1 {\nif self.balanceFactor(node: node?.left) &gt;= 0 {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn rightRotate(node: node)\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode?.left = leftRotate(node: node?.left)\nreturn rightRotate(node: node)\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif balanceFactor &lt; -1 {\nif self.balanceFactor(node: node?.right) &lt;= 0 {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn leftRotate(node: node)\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode?.right = rightRotate(node: node?.right)\nreturn leftRotate(node: node)\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\n#rotate(node) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nconst balanceFactor = this.balanceFactor(node);\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif (balanceFactor &gt; 1) {\nif (this.balanceFactor(node.left) &gt;= 0) {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn this.#rightRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode.left = this.#leftRotate(node.left);\nreturn this.#rightRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif (balanceFactor &lt; -1) {\nif (this.balanceFactor(node.right) &lt;= 0) {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn this.#leftRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode.right = this.#rightRotate(node.right);\nreturn this.#leftRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nrotate(node: TreeNode): TreeNode {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nconst balanceFactor = this.balanceFactor(node);\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif (balanceFactor &gt; 1) {\nif (this.balanceFactor(node.left) &gt;= 0) {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn this.rightRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode.left = this.leftRotate(node.left);\nreturn this.rightRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif (balanceFactor &lt; -1) {\nif (this.balanceFactor(node.right) &lt;= 0) {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn this.leftRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode.right = this.rightRotate(node.right);\nreturn this.leftRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nTreeNode? rotate(TreeNode? node) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nint factor = balanceFactor(node);\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif (factor &gt; 1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node!.left) &gt;= 0) {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode.left = leftRotate(node.left);\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif (factor &lt; -1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node!.right) &lt;= 0) {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode.right = rightRotate(node.right);\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nfn rotate(node: OptionTreeNodeRc) -&gt; OptionTreeNodeRc {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nlet balance_factor = Self::balance_factor(node.clone());\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif balance_factor &gt; 1 {\nlet node = node.unwrap();\nif Self::balance_factor(node.borrow().left.clone()) &gt;= 0 {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nSelf::right_rotate(Some(node))\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nlet left = node.borrow().left.clone();\nnode.borrow_mut().left = Self::left_rotate(left);\nSelf::right_rotate(Some(node))\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nelse if balance_factor &lt; -1 {\nlet node = node.unwrap();\nif Self::balance_factor(node.borrow().right.clone()) &lt;= 0 {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nSelf::left_rotate(Some(node))\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nlet right = node.borrow().right.clone();\nnode.borrow_mut().right = Self::right_rotate(right);\nSelf::left_rotate(Some(node))\n}\n} else {\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nnode\n}\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nTreeNode *rotate(TreeNode *node) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nint bf = balanceFactor(node);\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif (bf &gt; 1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node-&gt;left) &gt;= 0) {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode-&gt;left = leftRotate(node-&gt;left);\nreturn rightRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif (bf &lt; -1) {\nif (balanceFactor(node-&gt;right) &lt;= 0) {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode-&gt;right = rightRotate(node-&gt;right);\nreturn leftRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\nfn rotate(self: *Self, node: ?*inc.TreeNode(T)) ?*inc.TreeNode(T) {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9 node \u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\nvar balance_factor = self.balanceFactor(node);\n// \u5de6\u504f\u6811\nif (balance_factor &gt; 1) {\nif (self.balanceFactor(node.?.left) &gt;= 0) {\n// \u53f3\u65cb\nreturn self.rightRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\nnode.?.left = self.leftRotate(node.?.left);\nreturn self.rightRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u53f3\u504f\u6811\nif (balance_factor &lt; -1) {\nif (self.balanceFactor(node.?.right) &lt;= 0) {\n// \u5de6\u65cb\nreturn self.leftRotate(node);\n} else {\n// \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\nnode.?.right = self.rightRotate(node.?.right);\nreturn self.leftRotate(node);\n}\n}\n// \u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#753-avl","title":"7.5.3 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#1_2","title":"1. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>AVL \u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u5728\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e0a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5728 AVL \u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u81ea\u5e95\u5411\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>def insert(self, val):\n\"\"\"\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\"\"\"\nself.root = self.__insert_helper(self.root, val)\ndef __insert_helper(self, node: TreeNode | None, val: int) -&gt; TreeNode:\n\"\"\"\u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\"\"\"\nif node is None:\nreturn TreeNode(val)\n# 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nif val &lt; node.val:\nnode.left = self.__insert_helper(node.left, val)\nelif val &gt; node.val:\nnode.right = self.__insert_helper(node.right, val)\nelse:\n# \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nself.__update_height(node)\n# 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\nreturn self.__rotate(node)\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(int val) {\nroot = insertHelper(root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nTreeNode *insertHelper(TreeNode *node, int val) {\nif (node == nullptr)\nreturn new TreeNode(val);\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nif (val &lt; node-&gt;val)\nnode-&gt;left = insertHelper(node-&gt;left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node-&gt;val)\nnode-&gt;right = insertHelper(node-&gt;right, val);\nelse\nreturn node;    // \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nupdateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(int val) {\nroot = insertHelper(root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nTreeNode insertHelper(TreeNode node, int val) {\nif (node == null)\nreturn new TreeNode(val);\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nif (val &lt; node.val)\nnode.left = insertHelper(node.left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node.val)\nnode.right = insertHelper(node.right, val);\nelse\nreturn node; // \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nupdateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(int val) {\nroot = insertHelper(root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nTreeNode? insertHelper(TreeNode? node, int val) {\nif (node == null) return new TreeNode(val);\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nif (val &lt; node.val)\nnode.left = insertHelper(node.left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node.val)\nnode.right = insertHelper(node.right, val);\nelse\nreturn node;     // \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nupdateHeight(node);  // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) insert(val int) {\nt.root = t.insertHelper(t.root, val)\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\uff09 */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) insertHelper(node *TreeNode, val int) *TreeNode {\nif node == nil {\nreturn NewTreeNode(val)\n}\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nif val &lt; node.Val.(int) {\nnode.Left = t.insertHelper(node.Left, val)\n} else if val &gt; node.Val.(int) {\nnode.Right = t.insertHelper(node.Right, val)\n} else {\n// \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nt.updateHeight(node)\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = t.rotate(node)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc insert(val: Int) {\nroot = insertHelper(node: root, val: val)\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nfunc insertHelper(node: TreeNode?, val: Int) -&gt; TreeNode? {\nvar node = node\nif node == nil {\nreturn TreeNode(x: val)\n}\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nif val &lt; node!.val {\nnode?.left = insertHelper(node: node?.left, val: val)\n} else if val &gt; node!.val {\nnode?.right = insertHelper(node: node?.right, val: val)\n} else {\nreturn node // \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\n}\nupdateHeight(node: node) // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node: node)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\ninsert(val) {\nthis.root = this.#insertHelper(this.root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\n#insertHelper(node, val) {\nif (node === null) return new TreeNode(val);\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nif (val &lt; node.val) node.left = this.#insertHelper(node.left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node.val)\nnode.right = this.#insertHelper(node.right, val);\nelse return node; // \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nthis.#updateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = this.#rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\ninsert(val: number): void {\nthis.root = this.insertHelper(this.root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\ninsertHelper(node: TreeNode, val: number): TreeNode {\nif (node === null) return new TreeNode(val);\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nif (val &lt; node.val) {\nnode.left = this.insertHelper(node.left, val);\n} else if (val &gt; node.val) {\nnode.right = this.insertHelper(node.right, val);\n} else {\nreturn node; // \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\n}\nthis.updateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = this.rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(int val) {\nroot = insertHelper(root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nTreeNode? insertHelper(TreeNode? node, int val) {\nif (node == null) return TreeNode(val);\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nif (val &lt; node.val)\nnode.left = insertHelper(node.left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node.val)\nnode.right = insertHelper(node.right, val);\nelse\nreturn node; // \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nupdateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nfn insert(&amp;mut self, val: i32) {\nself.root = Self::insert_helper(self.root.clone(), val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nfn insert_helper(node: OptionTreeNodeRc, val: i32) -&gt; OptionTreeNodeRc {\nmatch node {\nSome(mut node) =&gt; {\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nmatch {\nlet node_val = node.borrow().val;\nnode_val\n}\n.cmp(&amp;val)\n{\nOrdering::Greater =&gt; {\nlet left = node.borrow().left.clone();\nnode.borrow_mut().left = Self::insert_helper(left, val);\n}\nOrdering::Less =&gt; {\nlet right = node.borrow().right.clone();\nnode.borrow_mut().right = Self::insert_helper(right, val);\n}\nOrdering::Equal =&gt; {\nreturn Some(node); // \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\n}\n}\nSelf::update_height(Some(node.clone())); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = Self::rotate(Some(node)).unwrap();\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nSome(node)\n}\nNone =&gt; Some(TreeNode::new(val)),\n}\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(aVLTree *tree, int val) {\ntree-&gt;root = insertHelper(tree-&gt;root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\uff09 */\nTreeNode *insertHelper(TreeNode *node, int val) {\nif (node == NULL) {\nreturn newTreeNode(val);\n}\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nif (val &lt; node-&gt;val) {\nnode-&gt;left = insertHelper(node-&gt;left, val);\n} else if (val &gt; node-&gt;val) {\nnode-&gt;right = insertHelper(node-&gt;right, val);\n} else {\n// \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn node;\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nfn insert(self: *Self, val: T) !void {\nself.root = (try self.insertHelper(self.root, val)).?;\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\nfn insertHelper(self: *Self, node_: ?*inc.TreeNode(T), val: T) !?*inc.TreeNode(T) {\nvar node = node_;\nif (node == null) {\nvar tmp_node = try self.mem_allocator.create(inc.TreeNode(T));\ntmp_node.init(val);\nreturn tmp_node;\n}\n// 1. \u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nif (val &lt; node.?.val) {\nnode.?.left = try self.insertHelper(node.?.left, val);\n} else if (val &gt; node.?.val) {\nnode.?.right = try self.insertHelper(node.?.right, val);\n} else {\nreturn node;            // \u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\n}\nself.updateHeight(node);    // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n// 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\nnode = self.rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#2_2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5730\u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>def remove(self, val: int):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\"\"\"\nself.root = self.__remove_helper(self.root, val)\ndef __remove_helper(self, node: TreeNode | None, val: int) -&gt; TreeNode | None:\n\"\"\"\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\"\"\"\nif node is None:\nreturn None\n# 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\nif val &lt; node.val:\nnode.left = self.__remove_helper(node.left, val)\nelif val &gt; node.val:\nnode.right = self.__remove_helper(node.right, val)\nelse:\nif node.left is None or node.right is None:\nchild = node.left or node.right\n# \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif child is None:\nreturn None\n# \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nelse:\nnode = child\nelse:\n# \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\ntemp = node.right\nwhile temp.left is not None:\ntemp = temp.left\nnode.right = self.__remove_helper(node.right, temp.val)\nnode.val = temp.val\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nself.__update_height(node)\n# 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\nreturn self.__rotate(node)\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(int val) {\nroot = removeHelper(root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nTreeNode *removeHelper(TreeNode *node, int val) {\nif (node == nullptr)\nreturn nullptr;\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif (val &lt; node-&gt;val)\nnode-&gt;left = removeHelper(node-&gt;left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node-&gt;val)\nnode-&gt;right = removeHelper(node-&gt;right, val);\nelse {\nif (node-&gt;left == nullptr || node-&gt;right == nullptr) {\nTreeNode *child = node-&gt;left != nullptr ? node-&gt;left : node-&gt;right;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (child == nullptr) {\ndelete node;\nreturn nullptr;\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nelse {\ndelete node;\nnode = child;\n}\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *temp = node-&gt;right;\nwhile (temp-&gt;left != nullptr) {\ntemp = temp-&gt;left;\n}\nint tempVal = temp-&gt;val;\nnode-&gt;right = removeHelper(node-&gt;right, temp-&gt;val);\nnode-&gt;val = tempVal;\n}\n}\nupdateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(int val) {\nroot = removeHelper(root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nTreeNode removeHelper(TreeNode node, int val) {\nif (node == null)\nreturn null;\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif (val &lt; node.val)\nnode.left = removeHelper(node.left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node.val)\nnode.right = removeHelper(node.right, val);\nelse {\nif (node.left == null || node.right == null) {\nTreeNode child = node.left != null ? node.left : node.right;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (child == null)\nreturn null;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nelse\nnode = child;\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode temp = node.right;\nwhile (temp.left != null) {\ntemp = temp.left;\n}\nnode.right = removeHelper(node.right, temp.val);\nnode.val = temp.val;\n}\n}\nupdateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(int val) {\nroot = removeHelper(root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nTreeNode? removeHelper(TreeNode? node, int val) {\nif (node == null) return null;\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif (val &lt; node.val)\nnode.left = removeHelper(node.left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node.val)\nnode.right = removeHelper(node.right, val);\nelse {\nif (node.left == null || node.right == null) {\nTreeNode? child = node.left != null ? node.left : node.right;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (child == null)\nreturn null;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nelse\nnode = child;\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? temp = node.right;\nwhile (temp.left != null) {\ntemp = temp.left;\n}\nnode.right = removeHelper(node.right, temp.val);\nnode.val = temp.val;\n}\n}\nupdateHeight(node);  // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) remove(val int) {\nt.root = t.removeHelper(t.root, val)\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\uff09 */\nfunc (t *aVLTree) removeHelper(node *TreeNode, val int) *TreeNode {\nif node == nil {\nreturn nil\n}\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif val &lt; node.Val.(int) {\nnode.Left = t.removeHelper(node.Left, val)\n} else if val &gt; node.Val.(int) {\nnode.Right = t.removeHelper(node.Right, val)\n} else {\nif node.Left == nil || node.Right == nil {\nchild := node.Left\nif node.Right != nil {\nchild = node.Right\n}\nif child == nil {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nreturn nil\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nnode = child\n}\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\ntemp := node.Right\nfor temp.Left != nil {\ntemp = temp.Left\n}\nnode.Right = t.removeHelper(node.Right, temp.Val.(int))\nnode.Val = temp.Val\n}\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nt.updateHeight(node)\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = t.rotate(node)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc remove(val: Int) {\nroot = removeHelper(node: root, val: val)\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nfunc removeHelper(node: TreeNode?, val: Int) -&gt; TreeNode? {\nvar node = node\nif node == nil {\nreturn nil\n}\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif val &lt; node!.val {\nnode?.left = removeHelper(node: node?.left, val: val)\n} else if val &gt; node!.val {\nnode?.right = removeHelper(node: node?.right, val: val)\n} else {\nif node?.left == nil || node?.right == nil {\nlet child = node?.left != nil ? node?.left : node?.right\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif child == nil {\nreturn nil\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nelse {\nnode = child\n}\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nvar temp = node?.right\nwhile temp?.left != nil {\ntemp = temp?.left\n}\nnode?.right = removeHelper(node: node?.right, val: temp!.val)\nnode?.val = temp!.val\n}\n}\nupdateHeight(node: node) // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node: node)\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nremove(val) {\nthis.root = this.#removeHelper(this.root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\n#removeHelper(node, val) {\nif (node === null) return null;\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif (val &lt; node.val) node.left = this.#removeHelper(node.left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node.val)\nnode.right = this.#removeHelper(node.right, val);\nelse {\nif (node.left === null || node.right === null) {\nconst child = node.left !== null ? node.left : node.right;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (child === null) return null;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nelse node = child;\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nlet temp = node.right;\nwhile (temp.left !== null) {\ntemp = temp.left;\n}\nnode.right = this.#removeHelper(node.right, temp.val);\nnode.val = temp.val;\n}\n}\nthis.#updateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = this.#rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nremove(val: number): void {\nthis.root = this.removeHelper(this.root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nremoveHelper(node: TreeNode, val: number): TreeNode {\nif (node === null) return null;\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif (val &lt; node.val) {\nnode.left = this.removeHelper(node.left, val);\n} else if (val &gt; node.val) {\nnode.right = this.removeHelper(node.right, val);\n} else {\nif (node.left === null || node.right === null) {\nconst child = node.left !== null ? node.left : node.right;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (child === null) {\nreturn null;\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nnode = child;\n}\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nlet temp = node.right;\nwhile (temp.left !== null) {\ntemp = temp.left;\n}\nnode.right = this.removeHelper(node.right, temp.val);\nnode.val = temp.val;\n}\n}\nthis.updateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = this.rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(int val) {\nroot = removeHelper(root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nTreeNode? removeHelper(TreeNode? node, int val) {\nif (node == null) return null;\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif (val &lt; node.val)\nnode.left = removeHelper(node.left, val);\nelse if (val &gt; node.val)\nnode.right = removeHelper(node.right, val);\nelse {\nif (node.left == null || node.right == null) {\nTreeNode? child = node.left ?? node.right;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (child == null)\nreturn null;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nelse\nnode = child;\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? temp = node.right;\nwhile (temp!.left != null) {\ntemp = temp.left;\n}\nnode.right = removeHelper(node.right, temp.val);\nnode.val = temp.val;\n}\n}\nupdateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nfn remove(&amp;self, val: i32) {\nSelf::remove_helper(self.root.clone(), val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09 */\nfn remove_helper(node: OptionTreeNodeRc, val: i32) -&gt; OptionTreeNodeRc {\nmatch node {\nSome(mut node) =&gt; {\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif val &lt; node.borrow().val {\nlet left = node.borrow().left.clone();\nnode.borrow_mut().left = Self::remove_helper(left, val);\n} else if val &gt; node.borrow().val {\nlet right = node.borrow().right.clone();\nnode.borrow_mut().right = Self::remove_helper(right, val);\n} else if node.borrow().left.is_none() || node.borrow().right.is_none() {\nlet child = if node.borrow().left.is_some() {\nnode.borrow().left.clone()\n} else {\nnode.borrow().right.clone()\n};\nmatch child {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nNone =&gt; {\nreturn None;\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nSome(child) =&gt; node = child,\n}\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nlet mut temp = node.borrow().right.clone().unwrap();\nloop {\nlet temp_left = temp.borrow().left.clone();\nif temp_left.is_none() {\nbreak;\n}\ntemp = temp_left.unwrap();\n}\nlet right = node.borrow().right.clone();\nnode.borrow_mut().right = Self::remove_helper(right, temp.borrow().val);\nnode.borrow_mut().val = temp.borrow().val;\n}\nSelf::update_height(Some(node.clone())); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = Self::rotate(Some(node)).unwrap();\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nSome(node)\n}\nNone =&gt; None,\n}\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\n// \u7531\u4e8e\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 stdio.h \uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528 remove \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\nvoid removeNode(aVLTree *tree, int val) {\nTreeNode *root = removeHelper(tree-&gt;root, val);\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\uff09 */\nTreeNode *removeHelper(TreeNode *node, int val) {\nTreeNode *child, *grandChild;\nif (node == NULL) {\nreturn NULL;\n}\n/* 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b */\nif (val &lt; node-&gt;val) {\nnode-&gt;left = removeHelper(node-&gt;left, val);\n} else if (val &gt; node-&gt;val) {\nnode-&gt;right = removeHelper(node-&gt;right, val);\n} else {\nif (node-&gt;left == NULL || node-&gt;right == NULL) {\nchild = node-&gt;left;\nif (node-&gt;right != NULL) {\nchild = node-&gt;right;\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (child == NULL) {\nreturn NULL;\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\nnode = child;\n}\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *temp = node-&gt;right;\nwhile (temp-&gt;left != NULL) {\ntemp = temp-&gt;left;\n}\nint tempVal = temp-&gt;val;\nnode-&gt;right = removeHelper(node-&gt;right, temp-&gt;val);\nnode-&gt;val = tempVal;\n}\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nupdateHeight(node);\n/* 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861 */\nnode = rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nfn remove(self: *Self, val: T) void {\nself.root = self.removeHelper(self.root, val).?;\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\nfn removeHelper(self: *Self, node_: ?*inc.TreeNode(T), val: T) ?*inc.TreeNode(T) {\nvar node = node_;\nif (node == null) return null;\n// 1. \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\nif (val &lt; node.?.val) {\nnode.?.left = self.removeHelper(node.?.left, val);\n} else if (val &gt; node.?.val) {\nnode.?.right = self.removeHelper(node.?.right, val);\n} else {\nif (node.?.left == null or node.?.right == null) {\nvar child = if (node.?.left != null) node.?.left else node.?.right;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\nif (child == null) {\nreturn null;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 1 \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664 node\n} else {\nnode = child;\n}\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 \uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\nvar temp = node.?.right;\nwhile (temp.?.left != null) {\ntemp = temp.?.left;\n}\nnode.?.right = self.removeHelper(node.?.right, temp.?.val);\nnode.?.val = temp.?.val;\n}\n}\nself.updateHeight(node); // \u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\n// 2. \u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u5b50\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\nnode = self.rotate(node);\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#3_1","title":"3. \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>AVL \u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#754-avl","title":"7.5.4 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u4f4e\u9891\u589e\u5220\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002</li> <li>\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6bd4 AVL \u6811\u66f4\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bbd\u677e\uff0c\u5728\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u5176\u8282\u70b9\u589e\u5220\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/","title":"7.4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-16 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811 binary search tree\u300d\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c \\(&lt;\\) \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c \\(&lt;\\) \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e5f\u662f\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff0c\u5373\u540c\u6837\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6 <code>1.</code> \u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-16 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#741","title":"7.4.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b <code>ArrayBinaryTree</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf <code>root</code> \uff0c\u6307\u5411\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u503c <code>num</code> \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u3002\u5982\u56fe 7-17 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 <code>cur</code> \uff0c\u4ece\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9 <code>root</code> \u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u70b9\u503c <code>cur.val</code> \u548c <code>num</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u82e5 <code>cur.val &lt; num</code> \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>cur</code> \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c <code>cur = cur.right</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5 <code>cur.val &gt; num</code> \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>cur</code> \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c <code>cur = cur.left</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5 <code>cur.val = num</code> \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-17 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6bcf\u8f6e\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u534a\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u6700\u591a\u4e3a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f53\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e73\u8861\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_tree.py<pre><code>def search(self, num: int) -&gt; TreeNode | None:\n\"\"\"\u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\"\"\"\ncur = self.__root\n# \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile cur is not None:\n# \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif cur.val &lt; num:\ncur = cur.right\n# \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelif cur.val &gt; num:\ncur = cur.left\n# \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nelse:\nbreak\nreturn cur\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode *search(int num) {\nTreeNode *cur = root;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != nullptr) {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur-&gt;val &lt; num)\ncur = cur-&gt;right;\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse if (cur-&gt;val &gt; num)\ncur = cur-&gt;left;\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nelse\nbreak;\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn cur;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode search(int num) {\nTreeNode cur = root;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num)\ncur = cur.right;\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse if (cur.val &gt; num)\ncur = cur.left;\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nelse\nbreak;\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn cur;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode? search(int num) {\nTreeNode? cur = root;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num) cur =\ncur.right;\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse if (cur.val &gt; num)\ncur = cur.left;\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nelse\nbreak;\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn cur;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc (bst *binarySearchTree) search(num int) *TreeNode {\nnode := bst.root\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nfor node != nil {\nif node.Val.(int) &lt; num {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nnode = node.Right\n} else if node.Val.(int) &gt; num {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nnode = node.Left\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn node\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc search(num: Int) -&gt; TreeNode? {\nvar cur = root\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile cur != nil {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif cur!.val &lt; num {\ncur = cur?.right\n}\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse if cur!.val &gt; num {\ncur = cur?.left\n}\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nelse {\nbreak\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn cur\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\nsearch(num) {\nlet cur = this.root;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur !== null) {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num) cur = cur.right;\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse if (cur.val &gt; num) cur = cur.left;\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nelse break;\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn cur;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\nsearch(num: number): TreeNode | null {\nlet cur = this.root;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur !== null) {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num) cur = cur.right;\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse if (cur.val &gt; num) cur = cur.left;\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nelse break;\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn cur;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode? search(int num) {\nTreeNode? cur = _root;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num)\ncur = cur.right;\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse if (cur.val &gt; num)\ncur = cur.left;\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nelse\nbreak;\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn cur;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\npub fn search(&amp;self, num: i32) -&gt; Option&lt;TreeNodeRc&gt; {\nlet mut cur = self.root.clone();\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile let Some(node) = cur.clone() {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif node.borrow().val &lt; num {\ncur = node.borrow().right.clone();\n}\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse if node.borrow().val &gt; num {\ncur = node.borrow().left.clone();\n}\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nelse {\nbreak;\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\ncur\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode *search(binarySearchTree *bst, int num) {\nTreeNode *cur = bst-&gt;root;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != NULL) {\nif (cur-&gt;val &lt; num) {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\ncur = cur-&gt;right;\n} else if (cur-&gt;val &gt; num) {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\ncur = cur-&gt;left;\n} else {\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nbreak;\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn cur;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\nfn search(self: *Self, num: T) ?*inc.TreeNode(T) {\nvar cur = self.root;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.?.val &lt; num) {\ncur = cur.?.right;\n// \u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\n} else if (cur.?.val &gt; num) {\ncur = cur.?.left;\n// \u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\n} else {\nbreak;\n}\n}\n// \u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\nreturn cur;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 <code>num</code> \uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 &lt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 &lt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 7-18 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u4e0e\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u548c <code>num</code> \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u904d\u5386\u81f3 \\(\\text{None}\\) \uff09\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9 <code>num</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7f6e\u4e8e \\(\\text{None}\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-18 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c06\u8fdd\u53cd\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u82e5\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u6811\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</li> <li>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u8282\u70b9 <code>pre</code> \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u904d\u5386\u81f3 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5176\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_tree.py<pre><code>def insert(self, num: int):\n\"\"\"\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\"\"\"\n# \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif self.__root is None:\nself.__root = TreeNode(num)\nreturn\n# \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\ncur, pre = self.__root, None\nwhile cur is not None:\n# \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif cur.val == num:\nreturn\npre = cur\n# \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif cur.val &lt; num:\ncur = cur.right\n# \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse:\ncur = cur.left\n# \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nnode = TreeNode(num)\nif pre.val &lt; num:\npre.right = node\nelse:\npre.left = node\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif (root == nullptr) {\nroot = new TreeNode(num);\nreturn;\n}\nTreeNode *cur = root, *pre = nullptr;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != nullptr) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur-&gt;val == num)\nreturn;\npre = cur;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur-&gt;val &lt; num)\ncur = cur-&gt;right;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse\ncur = cur-&gt;left;\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *node = new TreeNode(num);\nif (pre-&gt;val &lt; num)\npre-&gt;right = node;\nelse\npre-&gt;left = node;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif (root == null) {\nroot = new TreeNode(num);\nreturn;\n}\nTreeNode cur = root, pre = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur.val == num)\nreturn;\npre = cur;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num)\ncur = cur.right;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse\ncur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode node = new TreeNode(num);\nif (pre.val &lt; num)\npre.right = node;\nelse\npre.left = node;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif (root == null) {\nroot = new TreeNode(num);\nreturn;\n}\nTreeNode? cur = root, pre = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur.val == num)\nreturn;\npre = cur;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num)\ncur = cur.right;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse\ncur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode node = new TreeNode(num);\nif (pre != null) {\nif (pre.val &lt; num)\npre.right = node;\nelse\npre.left = node;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc (bst *binarySearchTree) insert(num int) {\ncur := bst.root\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif cur == nil {\nbst.root = NewTreeNode(num)\nreturn\n}\n// \u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\nvar pre *TreeNode = nil\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nfor cur != nil {\nif cur.Val == num {\nreturn\n}\npre = cur\nif cur.Val.(int) &lt; num {\ncur = cur.Right\n} else {\ncur = cur.Left\n}\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nnode := NewTreeNode(num)\nif pre.Val.(int) &lt; num {\npre.Right = node\n} else {\npre.Left = node\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc insert(num: Int) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif root == nil {\nroot = TreeNode(x: num)\nreturn\n}\nvar cur = root\nvar pre: TreeNode?\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile cur != nil {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif cur!.val == num {\nreturn\n}\npre = cur\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif cur!.val &lt; num {\ncur = cur?.right\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse {\ncur = cur?.left\n}\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nlet node = TreeNode(x: num)\nif pre!.val &lt; num {\npre?.right = node\n} else {\npre?.left = node\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\ninsert(num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif (this.root === null) {\nthis.root = new TreeNode(num);\nreturn;\n}\nlet cur = this.root,\npre = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur !== null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur.val === num) return;\npre = cur;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num) cur = cur.right;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse cur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nconst node = new TreeNode(num);\nif (pre.val &lt; num) pre.right = node;\nelse pre.left = node;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\ninsert(num: number): void {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif (this.root === null) {\nthis.root = new TreeNode(num);\nreturn;\n}\nlet cur: TreeNode | null = this.root,\npre: TreeNode | null = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur !== null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur.val === num) return;\npre = cur;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num) cur = cur.right;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse cur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nconst node = new TreeNode(num);\nif (pre!.val &lt; num) pre!.right = node;\nelse pre!.left = node;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif (_root == null) {\n_root = TreeNode(num);\nreturn;\n}\nTreeNode? cur = _root;\nTreeNode? pre = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur.val == num) return;\npre = cur;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num)\ncur = cur.right;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse\ncur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? node = TreeNode(num);\nif (pre!.val &lt; num)\npre.right = node;\nelse\npre.left = node;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\npub fn insert(&amp;mut self, num: i32) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif self.root.is_none() {\nself.root = Some(TreeNode::new(num));\nreturn;\n}\nlet mut cur = self.root.clone();\nlet mut pre = None;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile let Some(node) = cur.clone() {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif node.borrow().val == num {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\npre = cur.clone();\nif node.borrow().val &lt; num {\ncur = node.borrow().right.clone();\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse {\ncur = node.borrow().left.clone();\n}\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nlet node = TreeNode::new(num);\nlet pre = pre.unwrap();\nif pre.borrow().val &lt; num {\npre.borrow_mut().right = Some(Rc::clone(&amp;node));\n} else {\npre.borrow_mut().left = Some(Rc::clone(&amp;node));\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid insert(binarySearchTree *bst, int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif (bst-&gt;root == NULL) {\nbst-&gt;root = newTreeNode(num);\nreturn;\n}\nTreeNode *cur = bst-&gt;root, *pre = NULL;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != NULL) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur-&gt;val == num) {\nreturn;\n}\npre = cur;\nif (cur-&gt;val &lt; num) {\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\ncur = cur-&gt;right;\n} else {\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\ncur = cur-&gt;left;\n}\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *node = newTreeNode(num);\nif (pre-&gt;val &lt; num) {\npre-&gt;right = node;\n} else {\npre-&gt;left = node;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nfn insert(self: *Self, num: T) !void {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nif (self.root == null) {\nself.root = try self.mem_allocator.create(inc.TreeNode(T));\nreturn;\n}\nvar cur = self.root;\nvar pre: ?*inc.TreeNode(T) = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur.?.val == num) return;\npre = cur;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.?.val &lt; num) {\ncur = cur.?.right;\n// \u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\n} else {\ncur = cur.?.left;\n}\n}\n// \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\nvar node = try self.mem_allocator.create(inc.TreeNode(T));\nnode.init(num);\nif (pre.?.val &lt; num) {\npre.?.right = node;\n} else {\npre.?.left = node;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0e\u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u5148\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5176\u4ece\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 &lt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 &lt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4ecd\u7136\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5171\u5206\u4e3a 0\u30011 \u548c 2 \u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-19 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-19 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5ea6\u4e3a 0 \uff09 </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-20 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-20 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \uff09 </p> <p>\u5f53\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5b83\uff0c\u800c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u201c\u5de6 \\(&lt;\\) \u6839 \\(&lt;\\) \u53f3\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 7-21 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u201c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>tmp</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 <code>tmp</code> \u7684\u503c\u8986\u76d6\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6811\u4e2d\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 <code>tmp</code> \u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-21 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5ea6\u4e3a 2 \uff09 </p> <p>\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u540c\u6837\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_tree.py<pre><code>def remove(self, num: int):\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\"\"\"\n# \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif self.__root is None:\nreturn\n# \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\ncur, pre = self.__root, None\nwhile cur is not None:\n# \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif cur.val == num:\nbreak\npre = cur\n# \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif cur.val &lt; num:\ncur = cur.right\n# \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse:\ncur = cur.left\n# \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif cur is None:\nreturn\n# \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif cur.left is None or cur.right is None:\n# \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = null / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nchild = cur.left or cur.right\n# \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif cur != self.__root:\nif pre.left == cur:\npre.left = child\nelse:\npre.right = child\nelse:\n# \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nself.__root = child\n# \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\nelse:\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\ntmp: TreeNode = cur.right\nwhile tmp.left is not None:\ntmp = tmp.left\n# \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nself.remove(tmp.val)\n# \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur.val = tmp.val\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif (root == nullptr)\nreturn;\nTreeNode *cur = root, *pre = nullptr;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != nullptr) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif (cur-&gt;val == num)\nbreak;\npre = cur;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur-&gt;val &lt; num)\ncur = cur-&gt;right;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse\ncur = cur-&gt;left;\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur == nullptr)\nreturn;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif (cur-&gt;left == nullptr || cur-&gt;right == nullptr) {\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = nullptr / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *child = cur-&gt;left != nullptr ? cur-&gt;left : cur-&gt;right;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif (cur != root) {\nif (pre-&gt;left == cur)\npre-&gt;left = child;\nelse\npre-&gt;right = child;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nroot = child;\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\ndelete cur;\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\nelse {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *tmp = cur-&gt;right;\nwhile (tmp-&gt;left != nullptr) {\ntmp = tmp-&gt;left;\n}\nint tmpVal = tmp-&gt;val;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nremove(tmp-&gt;val);\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur-&gt;val = tmpVal;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.java<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif (root == null)\nreturn;\nTreeNode cur = root, pre = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif (cur.val == num)\nbreak;\npre = cur;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num)\ncur = cur.right;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse\ncur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur == null)\nreturn;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif (cur.left == null || cur.right == null) {\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = null / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode child = cur.left != null ? cur.left : cur.right;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif (cur != root) {\nif (pre.left == cur)\npre.left = child;\nelse\npre.right = child;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nroot = child;\n}\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\nelse {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode tmp = cur.right;\nwhile (tmp.left != null) {\ntmp = tmp.left;\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nremove(tmp.val);\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur.val = tmp.val;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif (root == null)\nreturn;\nTreeNode? cur = root, pre = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif (cur.val == num)\nbreak;\npre = cur;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num)\ncur = cur.right;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse\ncur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur == null)\nreturn;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif (cur.left == null || cur.right == null) {\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = null / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? child = cur.left != null ? cur.left : cur.right;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif (cur != root) {\nif (pre.left == cur)\npre.left = child;\nelse\npre.right = child;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nroot = child;\n}\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\nelse {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? tmp = cur.right;\nwhile (tmp.left != null) {\ntmp = tmp.left;\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nremove(tmp.val);\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur.val = tmp.val;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc (bst *binarySearchTree) remove(num int) {\ncur := bst.root\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif cur == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\nvar pre *TreeNode = nil\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nfor cur != nil {\nif cur.Val == num {\nbreak\n}\npre = cur\nif cur.Val.(int) &lt; num {\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\ncur = cur.Right\n} else {\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\ncur = cur.Left\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif cur == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u4e3a 0 \u6216 1\nif cur.Left == nil || cur.Right == nil {\nvar child *TreeNode = nil\n// \u53d6\u51fa\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nif cur.Left != nil {\nchild = cur.Left\n} else {\nchild = cur.Right\n}\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif cur != bst.root {\nif pre.Left == cur {\npre.Left = child\n} else {\npre.Right = child\n}\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nbst.root = child\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u4e3a 2\n} else {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\ntmp := cur.Right\nfor tmp.Left != nil {\ntmp = tmp.Left\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nbst.remove(tmp.Val.(int))\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur.Val = tmp.Val\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.swift<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nfunc remove(num: Int) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif root == nil {\nreturn\n}\nvar cur = root\nvar pre: TreeNode?\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile cur != nil {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif cur!.val == num {\nbreak\n}\npre = cur\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif cur!.val &lt; num {\ncur = cur?.right\n}\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse {\ncur = cur?.left\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif cur == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif cur?.left == nil || cur?.right == nil {\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = null / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nlet child = cur?.left != nil ? cur?.left : cur?.right\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif cur !== root {\nif pre?.left === cur {\npre?.left = child\n} else {\npre?.right = child\n}\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nroot = child\n}\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\nelse {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nvar tmp = cur?.right\nwhile tmp?.left != nil {\ntmp = tmp?.left\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nremove(num: tmp!.val)\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur?.val = tmp!.val\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nremove(num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif (this.root === null) return;\nlet cur = this.root,\npre = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur !== null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif (cur.val === num) break;\npre = cur;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num) cur = cur.right;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse cur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur === null) return;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif (cur.left === null || cur.right === null) {\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = null / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nconst child = cur.left !== null ? cur.left : cur.right;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif (cur !== this.root) {\nif (pre.left === cur) pre.left = child;\nelse pre.right = child;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nthis.root = child;\n}\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\nelse {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nlet tmp = cur.right;\nwhile (tmp.left !== null) {\ntmp = tmp.left;\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nthis.remove(tmp.val);\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur.val = tmp.val;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nremove(num: number): void {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif (this.root === null) return;\nlet cur: TreeNode | null = this.root,\npre: TreeNode | null = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur !== null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif (cur.val === num) break;\npre = cur;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num) cur = cur.right;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse cur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur === null) return;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif (cur.left === null || cur.right === null) {\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = null / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nconst child: TreeNode | null =\ncur.left !== null ? cur.left : cur.right;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif (cur !== this.root) {\nif (pre!.left === cur) pre!.left = child;\nelse pre!.right = child;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nthis.root = child;\n}\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\nelse {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nlet tmp: TreeNode | null = cur.right;\nwhile (tmp!.left !== null) {\ntmp = tmp!.left;\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nthis.remove(tmp!.val);\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur.val = tmp!.val;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nvoid remove(int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif (_root == null) return;\nTreeNode? cur = _root;\nTreeNode? pre = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif (cur.val == num) break;\npre = cur;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.val &lt; num)\ncur = cur.right;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse\ncur = cur.left;\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur == null) return;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif (cur.left == null || cur.right == null) {\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = null / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? child = cur.left ?? cur.right;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif (cur != _root) {\nif (pre!.left == cur)\npre.left = child;\nelse\npre.right = child;\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\n_root = child;\n}\n} else {\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? tmp = cur.right;\nwhile (tmp!.left != null) {\ntmp = tmp.left;\n}\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nremove(tmp.val);\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur.val = tmp.val;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.rs<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\npub fn remove(&amp;mut self, num: i32) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif self.root.is_none() { return; }\nlet mut cur = self.root.clone();\nlet mut pre = None;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile let Some(node) = cur.clone() {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif node.borrow().val == num {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\npre = cur.clone();\nif node.borrow().val &lt; num {\ncur = node.borrow().right.clone();\n}\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nelse {\ncur = node.borrow().left.clone();\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif cur.is_none() {\nreturn;\n}\nlet cur = cur.unwrap();\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif cur.borrow().left.is_none() || cur.borrow().right.is_none() {\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = nullptr / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nlet child = cur.borrow().left.clone().or_else(|| cur.borrow().right.clone());\nlet pre = pre.unwrap();\nlet left = pre.borrow().left.clone().unwrap();\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif !Rc::ptr_eq(&amp;cur, self.root.as_ref().unwrap()) {\nif Rc::ptr_eq(&amp;left, &amp;cur) {\npre.borrow_mut().left = child;\n} else {\npre.borrow_mut().right = child;\n}\n} else {\n// \u82e5\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nself.root = child;\n}\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\nelse {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nlet mut tmp = cur.borrow().right.clone();\nwhile let Some(node) = tmp.clone() {\nif node.borrow().left.is_some() {\ntmp = node.borrow().left.clone();\n} else {\nbreak;\n}\n}\nlet tmpval = tmp.unwrap().borrow().val;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nself.remove(tmpval);\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur.borrow_mut().val = tmpval;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\n// \u7531\u4e8e\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 stdio.h \uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528 remove \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\nvoid removeNode(binarySearchTree *bst, int num) {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif (bst-&gt;root == NULL)\nreturn;\nTreeNode *cur = bst-&gt;root, *pre = NULL;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != NULL) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif (cur-&gt;val == num)\nbreak;\npre = cur;\nif (cur-&gt;val &lt; num) {\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 root \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\ncur = cur-&gt;right;\n} else {\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 root \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\ncur = cur-&gt;left;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur == NULL)\nreturn;\n// \u5224\u65ad\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nif (cur-&gt;left == NULL || cur-&gt;right == NULL) {\n/* \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1 */\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = nullptr / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *child = cur-&gt;left != NULL ? cur-&gt;left : cur-&gt;right;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif (pre-&gt;left == cur) {\npre-&gt;left = child;\n} else {\npre-&gt;right = child;\n}\n} else {\n/* \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2 */\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *tmp = cur-&gt;right;\nwhile (tmp-&gt;left != NULL) {\ntmp = tmp-&gt;left;\n}\nint tmpVal = tmp-&gt;val;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nremoveNode(bst, tmp-&gt;val);\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur-&gt;val = tmpVal;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.zig<pre><code>// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\nfn remove(self: *Self, num: T) void {\n// \u82e5\u6811\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\nif (self.root == null) return;\nvar cur = self.root;\nvar pre: ?*inc.TreeNode(T) = null;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u8df3\u51fa\nwhile (cur != null) {\n// \u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\nif (cur.?.val == num) break;\npre = cur;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\nif (cur.?.val &lt; num) {\ncur = cur.?.right;\n// \u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\n} else {\ncur = cur.?.left;\n}\n}\n// \u82e5\u65e0\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\nif (cur == null) return;\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 or 1\nif (cur.?.left == null or cur.?.right == null) {\n// \u5f53\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 0 / 1 \u65f6\uff0c child = null / \u8be5\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nvar child = if (cur.?.left != null) cur.?.left else cur.?.right;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 cur\nif (pre.?.left == cur) {\npre.?.left = child;\n} else {\npre.?.right = child;\n}\n// \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf = 2\n} else {\n// \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d cur \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nvar tmp = cur.?.right;\nwhile (tmp.?.left != null) {\ntmp = tmp.?.left;\n}\nvar tmp_val = tmp.?.val;\n// \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 tmp\nself.remove(tmp.?.val);\n// \u7528 tmp \u8986\u76d6 cur\ncur.?.val = tmp_val;\n}\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u6709\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-22 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u5de6 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u6839 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u53f3\u201d\u7684\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u6ee1\u8db3\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9 \\(&lt;\\) \u6839\u8282\u70b9 \\(&lt;\\) \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u65f6\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5347\u5e8f\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5229\u7528\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5347\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u4ec5\u9700 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-22 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#742","title":"7.4.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6548\u7387","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u8868 7-2 \uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u5404\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u9ad8\u9891\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u4f4e\u9891\u67e5\u627e\u5220\u9664\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u6bd4\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 7-2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u65e0\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811 \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) <p>\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u662f\u201c\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(\\log n\\) \u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u5185\u67e5\u627e\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u56fe 7-23 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-23 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u9000\u5316 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#743","title":"7.4.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u7528\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u7ea7\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e9b\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u6d41\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u6709\u5e8f\u72b6\u6001\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/","title":"7.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u300c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 binary tree\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u7956\u5148\u4e0e\u540e\u4ee3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u201c\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\u201d\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u5143\u662f\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b\uff1a\u503c\u3001\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class TreeNode:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val                # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.left: TreeNode | None = None  # \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nself.right: TreeNode | None = None # \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nint val;          // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nTreeNode *left;   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nTreeNode *right;  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nTreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}\n};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nTreeNode left;   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode right;  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nint val;          // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nTreeNode? left;   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode? right;  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype TreeNode struct {\nVal   int\nLeft  *TreeNode\nRight *TreeNode\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfunc NewTreeNode(v int) *TreeNode {\nreturn &amp;TreeNode{\nLeft:  nil, // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nRight: nil, // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nVal:   v,   // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nvar val: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nvar left: TreeNode? // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nvar right: TreeNode? // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\ninit(x: Int) {\nval = x\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nval; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nleft; // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nright; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nconstructor(val, left, right) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val;\nthis.left = left === undefined ? null : left;\nthis.right = right === undefined ? null : right;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nval: number;\nleft: TreeNode | null;\nright: TreeNode | null;\nconstructor(val?: number, left?: TreeNode | null, right?: TreeNode | null) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.left = left === undefined ? null : left; // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nthis.right = right === undefined ? null : right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nTreeNode? left;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode? right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode(this.val, [this.left, this.right]);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nval: i32,                               // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nleft: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;,    // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nright: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;,   // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n}\nimpl TreeNode {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfn new(val: i32) -&gt; Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;Self&gt;&gt; {\nRc::new(RefCell::new(Self {\nval,\nleft: None,\nright: None\n}))\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nint val;                // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nint height;             // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nstruct TreeNode *left;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nstruct TreeNode *right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\n};\ntypedef struct TreeNode TreeNode;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nTreeNode *newTreeNode(int val) {\nTreeNode *node;\nnode = (TreeNode *)malloc(sizeof(TreeNode));\nnode-&gt;val = val;\nnode-&gt;height = 0;\nnode-&gt;left = NULL;\nnode-&gt;right = NULL;\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u300c\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9 left-child node\u300d\u548c\u300c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9 right-child node\u300d\uff0c\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u7236\u8282\u70b9 parent node\u300d\u3002\u5f53\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8282\u70b9\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6811\u79f0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 left subtree\u300d\uff0c\u540c\u7406\u53ef\u5f97\u300c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811 right subtree\u300d\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u975e\u7a7a\u5b50\u6811\u3002\u5982\u56fe 7-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u201c\u8282\u70b9 2\u201d\u89c6\u4e3a\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5206\u522b\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9 4\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8282\u70b9 5\u201d\uff0c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9 4 \u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8282\u70b9\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6811\u201d\uff0c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9 5 \u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8282\u70b9\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6811\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-1 \u00a0 \u7236\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5b50\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#711","title":"7.1.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e38\u89c1\u672f\u8bed","text":"<p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed\u5982\u56fe 7-2 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u300c\u6839\u8282\u70b9 root node\u300d\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9876\u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9 leaf node\u300d\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u5747\u6307\u5411 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u8fb9 edge\u300d\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7ebf\u6bb5\uff0c\u5373\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u5728\u7684\u300c\u5c42 level\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u9012\u589e\uff0c\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u5728\u5c42\u4e3a 1 \u3002</li> <li>\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u5ea6 degree\u300d\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ea6\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u662f 0\u30011\u30012 \u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6 height\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6700\u8fdc\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6 depth\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6 height\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u6700\u8fdc\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed </p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u201c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u201d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u8d70\u8fc7\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u9898\u76ee\u6216\u6559\u6750\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u8d70\u8fc7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u52a0 1 \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#712","title":"7.1.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_tree.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nn1 = TreeNode(val=1)\nn2 = TreeNode(val=2)\nn3 = TreeNode(val=3)\nn4 = TreeNode(val=4)\nn5 = TreeNode(val=5)\n# \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2\nn1.right = n3\nn2.left = n4\nn2.right = n5\n</code></pre> binary_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode* n1 = new TreeNode(1);\nTreeNode* n2 = new TreeNode(2);\nTreeNode* n3 = new TreeNode(3);\nTreeNode* n4 = new TreeNode(4);\nTreeNode* n5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1-&gt;left = n2;\nn1-&gt;right = n3;\nn2-&gt;left = n4;\nn2-&gt;right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.java<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode n1 = new TreeNode(1);\nTreeNode n2 = new TreeNode(2);\nTreeNode n3 = new TreeNode(3);\nTreeNode n4 = new TreeNode(4);\nTreeNode n5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode n1 = new TreeNode(1);\nTreeNode n2 = new TreeNode(2);\nTreeNode n3 = new TreeNode(3);\nTreeNode n4 = new TreeNode(4);\nTreeNode n5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nn1 := NewTreeNode(1)\nn2 := NewTreeNode(2)\nn3 := NewTreeNode(3)\nn4 := NewTreeNode(4)\nn5 := NewTreeNode(5)\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.Left = n2\nn1.Right = n3\nn2.Left = n4\nn2.Right = n5\n</code></pre> binary_tree.swift<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nlet n1 = TreeNode(x: 1)\nlet n2 = TreeNode(x: 2)\nlet n3 = TreeNode(x: 3)\nlet n4 = TreeNode(x: 4)\nlet n5 = TreeNode(x: 5)\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2\nn1.right = n3\nn2.left = n4\nn2.right = n5\n</code></pre> binary_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nlet n1 = new TreeNode(1),\nn2 = new TreeNode(2),\nn3 = new TreeNode(3),\nn4 = new TreeNode(4),\nn5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nlet n1 = new TreeNode(1),\nn2 = new TreeNode(2),\nn3 = new TreeNode(3),\nn4 = new TreeNode(4),\nn5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode n1 = new TreeNode(1);\nTreeNode n2 = new TreeNode(2);\nTreeNode n3 = new TreeNode(3);\nTreeNode n4 = new TreeNode(4);\nTreeNode n5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.rs<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nlet n1 = TreeNode::new(1);\nlet n2 = TreeNode::new(2);\nlet n3 = TreeNode::new(3);\nlet n4 = TreeNode::new(4);\nlet n5 = TreeNode::new(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.borrow_mut().left = Some(n2.clone());\nn1.borrow_mut().right = Some(n3);\nn2.borrow_mut().left = Some(n4);\nn2.borrow_mut().right = Some(n5);\n</code></pre> binary_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *n1 = newTreeNode(1);\nTreeNode *n2 = newTreeNode(2);\nTreeNode *n3 = newTreeNode(3);\nTreeNode *n4 = newTreeNode(4);\nTreeNode *n5 = newTreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1-&gt;left = n2;\nn1-&gt;right = n3;\nn2-&gt;left = n4;\nn2-&gt;right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u9488\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u56fe 7-3 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-3 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_tree.py<pre><code># \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\np = TreeNode(0)\n# \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = p\np.left = n2\n# \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2\n</code></pre> binary_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode* P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1-&gt;left = P;\nP-&gt;left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1-&gt;left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.java<pre><code>TreeNode P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\np := NewTreeNode(0)\nn1.Left = p\np.Left = n2\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.Left = n2\n</code></pre> binary_tree.swift<pre><code>let P = TreeNode(x: 0)\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P\nP.left = n2\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2\n</code></pre> binary_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nlet P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nconst P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.rs<pre><code>let p = TreeNode::new(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.borrow_mut().left = Some(p.clone());\np.borrow_mut().left = Some(n2.clone());\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 p\nn1.borrow_mut().left = Some(n2);\n</code></pre> binary_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode *P = newTreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1-&gt;left = P;\nP-&gt;left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1-&gt;left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u539f\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u6811\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u5957\u64cd\u4f5c\u914d\u5408\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#713","title":"7.1.3 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b\u578b","text":""},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u300c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 perfect binary tree\u300d\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1\u3002\u5728\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(2\\) \uff1b\u82e5\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(h\\) \uff0c\u5219\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570\u4e3a \\(2^{h+1} - 1\\) \uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u73b0\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u300d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-4 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 complete binary tree\u300d\u53ea\u6709\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u672a\u88ab\u586b\u6ee1\uff0c\u4e14\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u5c3d\u91cf\u9760\u5de6\u586b\u5145\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-5 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5b8c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u5b8c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 full binary tree\u300d\u9664\u4e86\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-6 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 balanced binary tree\u300d\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5dee\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 1 \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-7 \u00a0 \u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#714","title":"7.1.4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9000\u5316","text":"<p>\u56fe 7-8 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u4e0e\u9000\u5316\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f53\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6bcf\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u586b\u6ee1\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u201c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201d\uff1b\u800c\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u504f\u5411\u4e00\u4fa7\u65f6\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u94fe\u8868\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u662f\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201c\u5206\u6cbb\u201d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002</li> <li>\u94fe\u8868\u5219\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\uff0c\u5404\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u53d8\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9000\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-8 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u4e0e\u6700\u5dee\u7ed3\u6784 </p> <p>\u5982\u8868 7-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u4f73\u548c\u6700\u5dee\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u8fbe\u5230\u6781\u5927\u6216\u6781\u5c0f\u503c\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 7-1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u4e0e\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5 </p> \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 \u94fe\u8868 \u7b2c \\(i\\) \u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf \\(2^{i-1}\\) \\(1\\) \u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(h\\) \u6811\u7684\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf \\(2^h\\) \\(1\\) \u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(h\\) \u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570 \\(2^{h+1} - 1\\) \\(h + 1\\) \u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570 \\(n\\) \u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(\\log_2 (n+1) - 1\\) \\(n - 1\\)"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/","title":"7.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u9010\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u904d\u5386\u6811\u6bd4\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7b49\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#721","title":"7.2.1 \u00a0 \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 level-order traversal\u300d\u4ece\u9876\u90e8\u5230\u5e95\u90e8\u9010\u5c42\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u6309\u7167\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u300c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 breadth-first traversal\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4e00\u5708\u4e00\u5708\u5411\u5916\u6269\u5c55\u201d\u7684\u9010\u5c42\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-9 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u901a\u5e38\u501f\u52a9\u201c\u961f\u5217\u201d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u961f\u5217\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5219\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u9010\u5c42\u63a8\u8fdb\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_tree_bfs.py<pre><code>def level_order(root: TreeNode | None) -&gt; list[int]:\n\"\"\"\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nqueue: deque[TreeNode] = deque()\nqueue.append(root)\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nres = []\nwhile queue:\nnode: TreeNode = queue.popleft()  # \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nres.append(node.val)  # \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nif node.left is not None:\nqueue.append(node.left)  # \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nif node.right is not None:\nqueue.append(node.right)  # \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nreturn res\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.cpp<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; levelOrder(TreeNode *root) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nqueue&lt;TreeNode *&gt; queue;\nqueue.push(root);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nvector&lt;int&gt; vec;\nwhile (!queue.empty()) {\nTreeNode *node = queue.front();\nqueue.pop();              // \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nvec.push_back(node-&gt;val); // \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nif (node-&gt;left != nullptr)\nqueue.push(node-&gt;left); // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nif (node-&gt;right != nullptr)\nqueue.push(node-&gt;right); // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\nreturn vec;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.java<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nList&lt;Integer&gt; levelOrder(TreeNode root) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nQueue&lt;TreeNode&gt; queue = new LinkedList&lt;&gt;();\nqueue.add(root);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nList&lt;Integer&gt; list = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nwhile (!queue.isEmpty()) {\nTreeNode node = queue.poll(); // \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nlist.add(node.val);           // \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nif (node.left != null)\nqueue.offer(node.left);   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nif (node.right != null)\nqueue.offer(node.right);  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\nreturn list;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.cs<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nList&lt;int&gt; levelOrder(TreeNode root) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nQueue&lt;TreeNode&gt; queue = new();\nqueue.Enqueue(root);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nList&lt;int&gt; list = new();\nwhile (queue.Count != 0) {\nTreeNode node = queue.Dequeue(); // \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nlist.Add(node.val);              // \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nif (node.left != null)\nqueue.Enqueue(node.left);    // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nif (node.right != null)\nqueue.Enqueue(node.right);   // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\nreturn list;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.go<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc levelOrder(root *TreeNode) []any {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nqueue := list.New()\nqueue.PushBack(root)\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5207\u7247\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nnums := make([]any, 0)\nfor queue.Len() &gt; 0 {\n// \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nnode := queue.Remove(queue.Front()).(*TreeNode)\n// \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnums = append(nums, node.Val)\nif node.Left != nil {\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nqueue.PushBack(node.Left)\n}\nif node.Right != nil {\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nqueue.PushBack(node.Right)\n}\n}\nreturn nums\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.swift<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc levelOrder(root: TreeNode) -&gt; [Int] {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nvar queue: [TreeNode] = [root]\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nvar list: [Int] = []\nwhile !queue.isEmpty {\nlet node = queue.removeFirst() // \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nlist.append(node.val) // \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nif let left = node.left {\nqueue.append(left) // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\nif let right = node.right {\nqueue.append(right) // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\n}\nreturn list\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.js<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunction levelOrder(root) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nconst queue = [root];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nconst list = [];\nwhile (queue.length) {\nlet node = queue.shift(); // \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nlist.push(node.val); // \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nif (node.left) queue.push(node.left); // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nif (node.right) queue.push(node.right); // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\nreturn list;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.ts<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunction levelOrder(root: TreeNode | null): number[] {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nconst queue = [root];\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nconst list: number[] = [];\nwhile (queue.length) {\nlet node = queue.shift() as TreeNode; // \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nlist.push(node.val); // \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nif (node.left) {\nqueue.push(node.left); // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\nif (node.right) {\nqueue.push(node.right); // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\n}\nreturn list;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.dart<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nList&lt;int&gt; levelOrder(TreeNode? root) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nQueue&lt;TreeNode?&gt; queue = Queue();\nqueue.add(root);\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nList&lt;int&gt; res = [];\nwhile (queue.isNotEmpty) {\nTreeNode? node = queue.removeFirst(); // \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nres.add(node!.val); // \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nif (node.left != null) queue.add(node.left); // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nif (node.right != null) queue.add(node.right); // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\nreturn res;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.rs<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfn level_order(root: &amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9\nlet mut que = VecDeque::new();\nque.push_back(Rc::clone(&amp;root));\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nlet mut vec = Vec::new();\nwhile let Some(node) = que.pop_front() {                 // \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nvec.push(node.borrow().val);                         // \u4fdd\u5b58\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c\nif let Some(left) = node.borrow().left.as_ref() {\nque.push_back(Rc::clone(left));                  // \u5de6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\nif let Some(right) = node.borrow().right.as_ref() {\nque.push_back(Rc::clone(right));                 // \u53f3\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n};\n}\nvec\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.c<pre><code>/* \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nint *levelOrder(TreeNode *root, int *size) {\n/* \u8f85\u52a9\u961f\u5217 */\nint front, rear;\nint index, *arr;\nTreeNode *node;\nTreeNode **queue;\n/* \u8f85\u52a9\u961f\u5217 */\nqueue = (TreeNode **)malloc(sizeof(TreeNode *) * MAX_NODE_SIZE);\n// \u961f\u5217\u6307\u9488\nfront = 0, rear = 0;\n// \u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nqueue[rear++] = root;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\n/* \u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4 */\narr = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * MAX_NODE_SIZE);\n// \u6570\u7ec4\u6307\u9488\nindex = 0;\nwhile (front &lt; rear) {\n// \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nnode = queue[front++];\n// \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\narr[index++] = node-&gt;val;\nif (node-&gt;left != NULL) {\n// \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nqueue[rear++] = node-&gt;left;\n}\nif (node-&gt;right != NULL) {\n// \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\nqueue[rear++] = node-&gt;right;\n}\n}\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u503c\n*size = index;\narr = realloc(arr, sizeof(int) * (*size));\n// \u91ca\u653e\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\u7a7a\u95f4\nfree(queue);\nreturn arr;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.zig<pre><code>// \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfn levelOrder(comptime T: type, mem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator, root: *inc.TreeNode(T)) !std.ArrayList(T) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6839\u8282\u70b9\nconst L = std.TailQueue(*inc.TreeNode(T));\nvar queue = L{};\nvar root_node = try mem_allocator.create(L.Node);\nroot_node.data = root;\nqueue.append(root_node); // \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\nvar list = std.ArrayList(T).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\nwhile (queue.len &gt; 0) {\nvar queue_node = queue.popFirst().?;    // \u961f\u5217\u51fa\u961f\nvar node = queue_node.data;\ntry list.append(node.val);              // \u4fdd\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u503c\nif (node.left != null) {\nvar tmp_node = try mem_allocator.create(L.Node);\ntmp_node.data = node.left.?;\nqueue.append(tmp_node);             // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}\nif (node.right != null) {\nvar tmp_node = try mem_allocator.create(L.Node);\ntmp_node.data = node.right.?;\nqueue.append(tmp_node);             // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5165\u961f\n}        }\nreturn list;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1a\u5728\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u65f6\uff0c\u904d\u5386\u5230\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u6700\u591a\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728 \\((n + 1) / 2\\) \u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#722","title":"7.2.2 \u00a0 \u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u548c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 depth-first traversal\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5148\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u518d\u56de\u6eaf\u7ee7\u7eed\u201d\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 7-10 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u7ed5\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5916\u56f4\u201c\u8d70\u201d\u4e00\u5708\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-10 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u524d\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_tree_dfs.py<pre><code>def pre_order(root: TreeNode | None):\n\"\"\"\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\"\"\"\nif root is None:\nreturn\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nres.append(root.val)\npre_order(root=root.left)\npre_order(root=root.right)\ndef in_order(root: TreeNode | None):\n\"\"\"\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\"\"\"\nif root is None:\nreturn\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nin_order(root=root.left)\nres.append(root.val)\nin_order(root=root.right)\ndef post_order(root: TreeNode | None):\n\"\"\"\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\"\"\"\nif root is None:\nreturn\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npost_order(root=root.left)\npost_order(root=root.right)\nres.append(root.val)\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.cpp<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode *root) {\nif (root == nullptr)\nreturn;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nvec.push_back(root-&gt;val);\npreOrder(root-&gt;left);\npreOrder(root-&gt;right);\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid inOrder(TreeNode *root) {\nif (root == nullptr)\nreturn;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ninOrder(root-&gt;left);\nvec.push_back(root-&gt;val);\ninOrder(root-&gt;right);\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid postOrder(TreeNode *root) {\nif (root == nullptr)\nreturn;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npostOrder(root-&gt;left);\npostOrder(root-&gt;right);\nvec.push_back(root-&gt;val);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.java<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode root) {\nif (root == null)\nreturn;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nlist.add(root.val);\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid inOrder(TreeNode root) {\nif (root == null)\nreturn;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ninOrder(root.left);\nlist.add(root.val);\ninOrder(root.right);\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid postOrder(TreeNode root) {\nif (root == null)\nreturn;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npostOrder(root.left);\npostOrder(root.right);\nlist.add(root.val);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.cs<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode? root) {\nif (root == null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nlist.Add(root.val);\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid inOrder(TreeNode? root) {\nif (root == null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ninOrder(root.left);\nlist.Add(root.val);\ninOrder(root.right);\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid postOrder(TreeNode? root) {\nif (root == null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npostOrder(root.left);\npostOrder(root.right);\nlist.Add(root.val);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.go<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc preOrder(node *TreeNode) {\nif node == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nnums = append(nums, node.Val)\npreOrder(node.Left)\npreOrder(node.Right)\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc inOrder(node *TreeNode) {\nif node == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ninOrder(node.Left)\nnums = append(nums, node.Val)\ninOrder(node.Right)\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc postOrder(node *TreeNode) {\nif node == nil {\nreturn\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npostOrder(node.Left)\npostOrder(node.Right)\nnums = append(nums, node.Val)\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.swift<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc preOrder(root: TreeNode?) {\nguard let root = root else {\nreturn\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nlist.append(root.val)\npreOrder(root: root.left)\npreOrder(root: root.right)\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc inOrder(root: TreeNode?) {\nguard let root = root else {\nreturn\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ninOrder(root: root.left)\nlist.append(root.val)\ninOrder(root: root.right)\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunc postOrder(root: TreeNode?) {\nguard let root = root else {\nreturn\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npostOrder(root: root.left)\npostOrder(root: root.right)\nlist.append(root.val)\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.js<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunction preOrder(root) {\nif (root === null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nlist.push(root.val);\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunction inOrder(root) {\nif (root === null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ninOrder(root.left);\nlist.push(root.val);\ninOrder(root.right);\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunction postOrder(root) {\nif (root === null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npostOrder(root.left);\npostOrder(root.right);\nlist.push(root.val);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.ts<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunction preOrder(root: TreeNode | null): void {\nif (root === null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nlist.push(root.val);\npreOrder(root.left);\npreOrder(root.right);\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunction inOrder(root: TreeNode | null): void {\nif (root === null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ninOrder(root.left);\nlist.push(root.val);\ninOrder(root.right);\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfunction postOrder(root: TreeNode | null): void {\nif (root === null) {\nreturn;\n}\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npostOrder(root.left);\npostOrder(root.right);\nlist.push(root.val);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.dart<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode? node) {\nif (node == null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nlist.add(node.val);\npreOrder(node.left);\npreOrder(node.right);\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid inOrder(TreeNode? node) {\nif (node == null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ninOrder(node.left);\nlist.add(node.val);\ninOrder(node.right);\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid postOrder(TreeNode? node) {\nif (node == null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npostOrder(node.left);\npostOrder(node.right);\nlist.add(node.val);\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.rs<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfn pre_order(root: Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\nlet mut result = vec![];\nif let Some(node) = root {\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nresult.push(node.borrow().val);\nresult.append(&amp;mut pre_order(node.borrow().left.as_ref()));\nresult.append(&amp;mut pre_order(node.borrow().right.as_ref()));\n}\nresult\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfn in_order(root: Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\nlet mut result = vec![];\nif let Some(node) = root {\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u7ed3\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\nresult.append(&amp;mut in_order(node.borrow().left.as_ref()));\nresult.push(node.borrow().val);\nresult.append(&amp;mut in_order(node.borrow().right.as_ref()));\n}\nresult\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nfn post_order(root: Option&lt;&amp;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;) -&gt; Vec&lt;i32&gt; {\nlet mut result = vec![];\nif let Some(node) = root {\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u7ed3\u70b9\nresult.append(&amp;mut post_order(node.borrow().left.as_ref()));\nresult.append(&amp;mut post_order(node.borrow().right.as_ref()));\nresult.push(node.borrow().val);\n}\nresult\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.c<pre><code>/* \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid preOrder(TreeNode *root, int *size) {\nif (root == NULL)\nreturn;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\narr[(*size)++] = root-&gt;val;\npreOrder(root-&gt;left, size);\npreOrder(root-&gt;right, size);\n}\n/* \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid inOrder(TreeNode *root, int *size) {\nif (root == NULL)\nreturn;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ninOrder(root-&gt;left, size);\narr[(*size)++] = root-&gt;val;\ninOrder(root-&gt;right, size);\n}\n/* \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 */\nvoid postOrder(TreeNode *root, int *size) {\nif (root == NULL)\nreturn;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\npostOrder(root-&gt;left, size);\npostOrder(root-&gt;right, size);\narr[(*size)++] = root-&gt;val;\n}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.zig<pre><code>// \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfn preOrder(comptime T: type, root: ?*inc.TreeNode(T)) !void {\nif (root == null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ntry list.append(root.?.val);\ntry preOrder(T, root.?.left);\ntry preOrder(T, root.?.right);\n}\n// \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfn inOrder(comptime T: type, root: ?*inc.TreeNode(T)) !void {\nif (root == null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\ntry inOrder(T, root.?.left);\ntry list.append(root.?.val);\ntry inOrder(T, root.?.right);\n}\n// \u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\nfn postOrder(comptime T: type, root: ?*inc.TreeNode(T)) !void {\nif (root == null) return;\n// \u8bbf\u95ee\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 -&gt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9\ntry postOrder(T, root.?.left);\ntry postOrder(T, root.?.right);\ntry list.append(root.?.val);\n}\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 7-11 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u9012\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u9006\u5411\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u201c\u9012\u201d\u8868\u793a\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6bd5\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-11 \u00a0 \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1a\u5728\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u8fbe\u5230 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/summary/","title":"7.6 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_tree/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u201c\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\u201d\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5176\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6811\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u6811\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed\u5305\u62ec\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5c42\u3001\u5ea6\u3001\u8fb9\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u3001\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u548c\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u3002\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u662f\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u9000\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6700\u5dee\u72b6\u6001\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u548c\u7a7a\u4f4d\u6309\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6307\u9488\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u5708\u4e00\u5708\u5411\u5916\u201d\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u961f\u5217\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7686\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u518d\u56de\u5934\u7ee7\u7eed\u201d\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002\u5f53\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u5404\u9879\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>AVL \u6811\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u6811\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\u3002</li> <li>AVL \u6811\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u53f3\u65cb\u3001\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u518d\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u518d\u53f3\u65cb\u3002\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0cAVL \u6811\u4f1a\u4ece\u5e95\u5411\u9876\u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f \\(0\\) \u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u8d70\u8fc7\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u5957\u64cd\u4f5c\u914d\u5408\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u5957\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u91ca\u653e\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u62ff\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u6765\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 DFS \u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u6709\u524d\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u540e\u4e09\u79cd\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>DFS \u7684\u524d\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u662f\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u904d\u5386\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7ed3\u70b9\u5927\u5c0f\u6ee1\u8db3 <code>\u5de6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c &lt; \u6839\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c &lt; \u53f3\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u8981\u6309\u7167 <code>\u5de6-&gt;\u6839-&gt;\u53f3</code> \u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u904d\u5386\u6811\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5904\u7406\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9 <code>node</code>\u3001<code>child</code>\u3001<code>grand_child</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u90a3 <code>node</code> \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u548c <code>node</code> \u539f\u6765\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u5417\uff1f\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u5c82\u4e0d\u662f\u65ad\u6389\u4e86\uff1f</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c <code>right_rotate(root)</code> \u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8 <code>return child</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5176\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5728\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u8303\u56f4\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 C++ \u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u5230 <code>private</code> \u548c <code>public</code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8003\u91cf\u5417\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5c06 <code>height()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u548c <code>updateHeight()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u5206\u522b\u653e\u5728 <code>public</code> \u548c <code>private</code> \u4e2d\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e3b\u8981\u770b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u5728\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a <code>private</code> \u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5355\u72ec\u8c03\u7528 <code>updateHeight()</code> \u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u800c <code>height()</code> \u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ed3\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e <code>vector.size()</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210 <code>public</code> \u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u95ee\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u4e00\u7ec4\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff1f\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff1f</p> <p>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u6811\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684 <code>build_tree()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u4e2d\u70b9\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u518d\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6811\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u6bd4\u662f\u5426\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7528 <code>equals()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f</p> <p>\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<code>==</code> \u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>==</code> \uff1a\u7528\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> <li><code>equals()</code>\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5bf9\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7528 <code>equals()</code> \u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 <code>String a = \"hi\"; String b = \"hi\";</code> \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\u6c60\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>a == b</code> \u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p>\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5230\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u662f \\(2^h\\) \u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(h = 2\\) \u7684\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5176\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570 \\(n = 7\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5e95\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf \\(4 = 2^h = (n + 1) / 2\\) \u3002</p>"}]}
\ No newline at end of file
+{"config":{"lang":["en"],"separator":"[\\s\\u200b\\u3000\\-\u3001\u3002\uff0c\uff0e\uff1f\uff01\uff1b]+","pipeline":["stemmer"]},"docs":[{"location":"","title":"Home","text":"\u300a Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u300b <p> \u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3\u3001\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u6559\u7a0b </p> <p> </p>  \u63a8\u8350\u8bed  <p>Quote</p> <p>\u201c\u4e00\u672c\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u5165\u95e8\u4e66\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bfb\u8005\u624b\u8111\u5e76\u7528\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350\u7b97\u6cd5\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u3002\u201d</p> <p>\u2014\u2014 \u9093\u4fca\u8f89\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u6559\u6388</p> <p>Quote</p> <p>\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5f53\u5e74\u5b66\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u300aHello \u7b97\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u5b66\u8d77\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u7b80\u5355 10 \u500d\uff01\u201d</p> <p>\u2014\u2014 \u674e\u6c90\uff0c\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u8d44\u6df1\u9996\u5e2d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6</p>  \u5168\u4e66\u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3  <p> \u5185\u5bb9\u6e05\u6670\u6613\u61c2\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u66f2\u7ebf\u5e73\u6ed1\u7535\u8111\u3001\u5e73\u677f\u3001\u624b\u673a\u5168\u7ec8\u7aef\u9605\u8bfb </p> <p></p> <p><p> \"A picture is worth a thousand words.\" </p> <p> \u201c\u4e00\u56fe\u80dc\u5343\u8a00\u201d </p></p>  \u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c  <p> \u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\uff0c\u7686\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u652f\u6301 Java, C++, Python, Go, JS, TS, C#, Swift, Zig \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00 </p> <p></p> <p><p> \"Talk is cheap. Show me the code.\" </p> <p> \u201c\u5c11\u5439\u725b\uff0c\u770b\u4ee3\u7801\u201d </p></p>  \u53ef\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0e\u63d0\u95ee  <p> \u9f13\u52b1\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u4e92\u5e2e\u4e92\u52a9\u3001\u5171\u540c\u6210\u957f\u63d0\u95ee\u4e0e\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e00\u822c\u80fd\u5728\u4e24\u65e5\u5185\u5f97\u5230\u56de\u590d </p> <p></p> <p><p> \u201c\u8ffd\u98ce\u8d76\u6708\u83ab\u505c\u7559\uff0c\u5e73\u829c\u5c3d\u5904\u662f\u6625\u5c71\u201d </p> <p> \u4e00\u8d77\u52a0\u6cb9\uff01 </p></p>  \u5e8f  <p>\u4e24\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u529b\u6263\u4e0a\u5206\u4eab\u4e86\u300a\u5251\u6307 Offer\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u9898\u89e3\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u540c\u5b66\u7684\u559c\u7231\u548c\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5728\u4e0e\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u6536\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u6211\u9010\u6e10\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002</p> <p>\u4e24\u773c\u4e00\u62b9\u9ed1\u5730\u5237\u9898\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5237\u9898\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u73a9\u201c\u626b\u96f7\u201d\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u81ea\u5b66\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u80fd\u591f\u987a\u5229\u5730\u5c06\u5730\u96f7\u9010\u4e2a\u6392\u6389\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u7840\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u70b8\u7684\u6ee1\u5934\u662f\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u632b\u6298\u4e2d\u6b65\u6b65\u9000\u7f29\u3002\u901a\u8bfb\u6559\u6750\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9762\u5411\u6c42\u804c\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u5b63\u3001\u6295\u9012\u7b80\u5386\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u7b14\u8bd5\u9762\u8bd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u539a\u91cd\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u5f80\u5f80\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u8270\u5de8\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u56f0\u6270\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f88\u5e78\u8fd0\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4f60\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u6211\u5bf9\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u76f4\u63a5\u62ff\u5230 Offer \uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5f15\u5bfc\u4f60\u63a2\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5730\u56fe\u201d\uff0c\u5e26\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u201c\u5730\u96f7\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\u5404\u79cd\u201c\u6392\u96f7\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672c\u9886\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u81ea\u5982\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u5237\u9898\u548c\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6784\u5efa\u8d77\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002</p>  \u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb  <p>\u9773\u5b87\u680b (Krahets)\uff0c\u5927\u5382\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7b97\u6cd5\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u3002\u529b\u6263\uff08LeetCode\uff09\u5168\u7f51\u9605\u8bfb\u91cf\u6700\u9ad8\u535a\u4e3b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u300a\u56fe\u89e3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u300b\u5df2\u88ab\u8ba2\u9605 27 \u4e07\u672c\u3002</p>  \u81f4\u8c22  <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5728\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u4f17\u591a\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u7684\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\u4e0d\u65ad\u6210\u957f\u3002\u611f\u8c22\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u6295\u5165\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7cbe\u529b\u7684\u64b0\u7a3f\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65e0\u79c1\u5949\u732e\u4f7f\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\uff08\u6309\u7167 GitHub \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff09\uff1a</p> <p> </p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u9605\u5de5\u4f5c\u7531 Gonglja, gvenusleo, justin\u2010tse, krahets, night-cruise, nuomi1, Reanon, sjinzh \u5b8c\u6210\uff08\u6309\u7167\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff09\u3002\u611f\u8c22\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5404\u8bed\u8a00\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u4e0e\u7edf\u4e00\u3002</p> <sub>Gonglja</sub><sub>C, C++</sub> <sub>gvenusleo</sub><sub>Dart</sub> <sub>hpstory</sub><sub>C#</sub> <sub>justin-tse</sub><sub>JS, TS</sub> <sub>krahets</sub><sub>Java, Python</sub> <sub>night-cruise</sub><sub>Rust</sub> <sub>nuomi1</sub><sub>Swift</sub> <sub>Reanon</sub><sub>Go, C</sub> <sub>sjinzh</sub><sub>Rust, Zig</sub>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/","title":"\u7b2c 16 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u9644\u5f55","text":""},{"location":"chapter_appendix/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>16.1 \u00a0 \u7f16\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u88c5</li> <li>16.2 \u00a0 \u4e00\u8d77\u53c2\u4e0e\u521b\u4f5c</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/contribution/","title":"16.2 \u00a0 \u4e00\u8d77\u53c2\u4e0e\u521b\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u96be\u514d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9057\u6f0f\u548c\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8bf7\u60a8\u8c05\u89e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u7b14\u8bef\u3001\u5931\u6548\u94fe\u63a5\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u7f3a\u5931\u3001\u6587\u5b57\u6b67\u4e49\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0d\u6e05\u6670\u6216\u884c\u6587\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf7\u534f\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90\u3002</p> <p>\u6240\u6709\u64b0\u7a3f\u4eba\u7684 GitHub ID \u5c06\u88ab\u5c55\u793a\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e3b\u9875\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u611f\u8c22\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7684\u65e0\u79c1\u5949\u732e\u3002</p> <p>\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u9b45\u529b</p> <p>\u7eb8\u8d28\u4e66\u7c4d\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u5370\u5237\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u6570\u5e74\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u65b0\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\u5728\u672c\u5f00\u6e90\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u8fed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u88ab\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u6570\u65e5\u751a\u81f3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/contribution/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5185\u5bb9\u5fae\u8c03","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 16-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u7684\u53f3\u4e0a\u89d2\u90fd\u6709\u201c\u7f16\u8f91\u56fe\u6807\u201d\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u672c\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u7f16\u8f91\u56fe\u6807\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u201c\u9700\u8981 Fork \u6b64\u4ed3\u5e93\u201d\u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u8bf7\u540c\u610f\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u4fee\u6539 Markdown \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u6301\u6392\u7248\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u9875\u9762\u5e95\u90e8\u586b\u5199\u4fee\u6539\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u201cPropose file change\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u3002\u9875\u9762\u8df3\u8f6c\u540e\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201cCreate pull request\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u5373\u53ef\u53d1\u8d77\u62c9\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 16-1 \u00a0 \u9875\u9762\u7f16\u8f91\u6309\u952e </p> <p>\u56fe\u7247\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u5efa Issue \u6216\u8bc4\u8bba\u7559\u8a00\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c3d\u5feb\u91cd\u65b0\u7ed8\u5236\u5e76\u66ff\u6362\u56fe\u7247\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/contribution/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5185\u5bb9\u521b\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u53c2\u4e0e\u6b64\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u7b49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65bd\u4ee5\u4e0b Pull Request \u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u767b\u5f55 GitHub \uff0c\u5c06\u672c\u4ed3\u5e93 Fork \u5230\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d26\u53f7\u4e0b\u3002</li> <li>\u8fdb\u5165\u60a8\u7684 Fork \u4ed3\u5e93\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>git clone</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4ed3\u5e93\u514b\u9686\u81f3\u672c\u5730\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u672c\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u6240\u505a\u66f4\u6539 Commit \uff0c\u7136\u540e Push \u81f3\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002</li> <li>\u5237\u65b0\u4ed3\u5e93\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201cCreate pull request\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u5373\u53ef\u53d1\u8d77\u62c9\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/contribution/#3-docker","title":"3. \u00a0 Docker \u90e8\u7f72","text":"<p>\u5728 <code>hello-algo</code> \u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b Docker \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5728 <code>http://localhost:8000</code> \u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u9879\u76ee\u3002</p> <pre><code>docker-compose up -d\n</code></pre> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u5220\u9664\u90e8\u7f72\u3002</p> <pre><code>docker-compose down\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/","title":"16.1 \u00a0 \u7f16\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u88c5","text":""},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#1-vscode","title":"1. \u00a0 VSCode","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u5f00\u6e90\u8f7b\u91cf\u7684 VSCode \u4f5c\u4e3a\u672c\u5730 IDE \uff0c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 VSCode \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#2-java","title":"2. \u00a0 Java \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 OpenJDK\uff08\u7248\u672c\u9700\u6ee1\u8db3 &gt; JDK 9\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>java</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Extension Pack for Java \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#3-cc","title":"3. \u00a0 C/C++ \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 MinGW\uff08\u914d\u7f6e\u6559\u7a0b\uff09\uff0cMacOS \u81ea\u5e26 Clang \u65e0\u987b\u5b89\u88c5\u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>c++</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 C/C++ Extension Pack \u3002</li> <li>\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u6253\u5f00 Settings \u9875\u9762\uff0c\u641c\u7d22 <code>Clang_format_fallback Style</code> \u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>{ BasedOnStyle: Microsoft, BreakBeforeBraces: Attach }</code> \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#4-python","title":"4. \u00a0 Python \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 Miniconda3 \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>python</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Python Extension Pack \u3002</li> <li>\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165 <code>pip install black</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#5-go","title":"5. \u00a0 Go \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 go \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>go</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Go \u3002</li> <li>\u5feb\u6377\u952e <code>Ctrl + Shift + P</code> \u547c\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u680f\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 go \uff0c\u9009\u62e9 <code>Go: Install/Update Tools</code> \uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u52fe\u9009\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#6-javascript","title":"6. \u00a0 JavaScript \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 node.js \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>javascript</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 JavaScript (ES6) code snippets \u3002</li> <li>\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>Prettier</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#7-c","title":"7. \u00a0 C# \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 .Net 6.0 \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>C# Dev Kit</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 C# Dev Kit \uff08\u914d\u7f6e\u6559\u7a0b\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 Visual Studio\uff08\u5b89\u88c5\u6559\u7a0b\uff09\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#8-swift","title":"8. \u00a0 Swift \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 Swift \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>swift</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Swift for Visual Studio Code \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#9-dart","title":"9. \u00a0 Dart \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 Dart \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>dart</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Dart \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_appendix/installation/#10-rust","title":"10. \u00a0 Rust \u73af\u5883","text":"<ol> <li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 Rust \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 VSCode \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 <code>rust</code> \uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 rust-analyzer \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/","title":"\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u5835\u539a\u5b9e\u7684\u7816\u5899\u3002</p> <p>\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7816\u5757\u6574\u9f50\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u7d27\u8d34\u3002\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7816\u5757\u5206\u6563\u5404\u5904\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u85e4\u8513\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u7a7f\u68ad\u4e8e\u7816\u7f1d\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>4.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4</li> <li>4.2 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868</li> <li>4.3 \u00a0 \u5217\u8868</li> <li>4.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/","title":"4.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u300c\u6570\u7ec4 array\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u79f0\u4e3a\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u300c\u7d22\u5f15 index\u300d\u3002\u56fe 4-1 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f </p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#411","title":"4.1.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3001\u7ed9\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3002\u5728\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4f1a\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\narr: list[int] = [0] * 5  # [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]\nnums: list[int] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]  \n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\n// \u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6808\u4e0a\nint arr[5];\nint nums[5] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n// \u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\uff08\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\nint* arr1 = new int[5];\nint* nums1 = new int[5] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nint[] arr = new int[5]; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }\nint[] nums = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nint[] arr = new int[5]; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }\nint[] nums = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvar arr [5]int\n// \u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u65f6\uff08[5]int\uff09\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u65f6\uff08[]int\uff09\u4e3a\u5207\u7247\n// \u7531\u4e8e Go \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u786e\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u91cf\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\n// \u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b9e\u73b0\u6269\u5bb9 extend() \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u5207\u7247\uff08Slice\uff09\u770b\u4f5c\u6570\u7ec4\uff08Array\uff09\nnums := []int{1, 3, 2, 5, 4}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nlet arr = Array(repeating: 0, count: 5) // [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\nlet nums = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvar arr = new Array(5).fill(0);\nvar nums = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nlet arr: number[] = new Array(5).fill(0);\nlet nums: number[] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nList&lt;int&gt; arr = List.filled(5, 0); // [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\nList&lt;int&gt; nums = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nlet arr: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![0; 5]; // [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\nlet nums: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 */\nint arr[5] = { 0 }; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }\nint nums[5] = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nvar arr = [_]i32{0} ** 5; // { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }\nvar nums = [_]i32{ 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff08\u5373\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff09\u548c\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe 4-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b64\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u8ba1\u7b97 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 4-2 \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u4e9b\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece \\(1\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\u4f1a\u66f4\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u5730\u5740\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5730\u5740\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u662f \\(0\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u4e5f\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{random_access}\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{random_access}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomAccess}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u662f\u201c\u7d27\u6328\u7740\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u518d\u5b58\u653e\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u56fe 4-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u628a\u5143\u7d20\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-3 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u201c\u4e22\u5931\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7559\u5728\u5217\u8868\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 4-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u628a\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-4 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53d8\u5f97\u201c\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u7279\u610f\u53bb\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{removeItem}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> <p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u4e22\u5931\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u540e\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002</li> <li>\u5185\u5b58\u6d6a\u8d39\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ea\u7528\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#5","title":"5. \u00a0 \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{traverse}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#6","title":"6. \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5224\u65ad\u5143\u7d20\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u82e5\u5339\u914d\u5219\u8f93\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#7","title":"7. \u00a0 \u6269\u5bb9\u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96be\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u7ec4\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u6269\u5c55\u6570\u7ec4\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6269\u5bb9\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.java<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.cs<pre><code>[class]{array}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre> array.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{extend}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#412","title":"4.1.2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4f18\u70b9\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u4e14\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5305\u542b\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u9ad8: \u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5f00\u9500\u3002</li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee: \u6570\u7ec4\u5141\u8bb8\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8bbf\u95ee\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u7f13\u5b58\u5c40\u90e8\u6027: \u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u7f13\u5b58\u5176\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u501f\u52a9\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\u662f\u4e00\u628a\u53cc\u5203\u5251\uff0c\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u6548\u7387\u4f4e:\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u8f83\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8: \u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u957f\u5ea6\u5c31\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e86\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5f00\u9500\u5f88\u5927\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39: \u5982\u679c\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u6240\u9700\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c31\u88ab\u6d6a\u8d39\u4e86\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/#413","title":"4.1.3 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u7840\u4e14\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u65e2\u9891\u7e41\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7d22\u5f15\u5b9e\u73b0\u6837\u672c\u7684\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u3002</li> <li>\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\u90fd\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u8868\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u8868\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b57\u7b26\u5230 ASCII \u7801\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff1a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5411\u91cf\u3001\u77e9\u9635\u3001\u5f20\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u4ee3\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56fe\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u8868\u793a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/","title":"4.2 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u516c\u5171\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u6563\u843d\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5404\u5904\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5982\u6b64\u5927\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4f18\u52bf\u5c31\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u94fe\u8868 linked list\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5f15\u7528\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5404\u5904\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u662f\u65e0\u987b\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-5 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 4-5 \uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u300c\u8282\u70b9 node\u300d\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u9879\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u201c\u503c\u201d\u548c\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u5728 Java\u3001C++ \u548c Python \u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u88ab\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(\\text{null}\\)\u3001\\(\\text{nullptr}\\) \u548c \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5728 C\u3001C++\u3001Go \u548c Rust \u7b49\u652f\u6301\u6307\u9488\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u5e94\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u6307\u9488\u201d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 <code>ListNode</code> \u9664\u4e86\u5305\u542b\u503c\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u989d\u5916\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u6bd4\u6570\u7ec4\u5360\u7528\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class ListNode:\n\"\"\"\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val               # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.next: ListNode | None = None # \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct ListNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode *next;  // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;  // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(int x) { val = x; }  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;   // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(int x) =&gt; val = x;  //\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype ListNode struct {\nVal  int       // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nNext *ListNode // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n}\n// NewListNode \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nfunc NewListNode(val int) *ListNode {\nreturn &amp;ListNode{\nVal:  val,\nNext: nil,\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nvar val: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nvar next: ListNode? // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\ninit(x: Int) { // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\nval = x\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nval;\nnext;\nconstructor(val, next) {\nthis.val = (val === undefined ? 0 : val);       // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = (next === undefined ? null : next); // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nval: number;\nnext: ListNode | null;\nconstructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = next === undefined ? null : next;  // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode? next; // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(this.val, [this.next]); // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct ListNode {\nval: i32, // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnext: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct ListNode {\nint val;               // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nstruct ListNode *next; // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n};\ntypedef struct ListNode ListNode;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nListNode *newListNode(int val) {\nListNode *node, *next;\nnode = (ListNode *) malloc(sizeof(ListNode));\nnode-&gt;val = val;\nnode-&gt;next = NULL;\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\npub fn ListNode(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nval: T = 0, // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnext: ?*Self = null, // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\npub fn init(self: *Self, x: i32) void {\nself.val = x;\nself.next = null;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#421","title":"4.2.1 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>\u5efa\u7acb\u94fe\u8868\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411 <code>next</code> \u4f9d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nn0 = ListNode(1)\nn1 = ListNode(3)\nn2 = ListNode(2)\nn3 = ListNode(5)\nn4 = ListNode(4)\n# \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1\nn1.next = n2\nn2.next = n3\nn3.next = n4\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode* n0 = new ListNode(1);\nListNode* n1 = new ListNode(3);\nListNode* n2 = new ListNode(2);\nListNode* n3 = new ListNode(5);\nListNode* n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0-&gt;next = n1;\nn1-&gt;next = n2;\nn2-&gt;next = n3;\nn3-&gt;next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode n0 = new ListNode(1);\nListNode n1 = new ListNode(3);\nListNode n2 = new ListNode(2);\nListNode n3 = new ListNode(5);\nListNode n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode n0 = new ListNode(1);\nListNode n1 = new ListNode(3);\nListNode n2 = new ListNode(2);\nListNode n3 = new ListNode(5);\nListNode n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nn0 := NewListNode(1)\nn1 := NewListNode(3)\nn2 := NewListNode(2)\nn3 := NewListNode(5)\nn4 := NewListNode(4)\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.Next = n1\nn1.Next = n2\nn2.Next = n3\nn3.Next = n4\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nlet n0 = ListNode(x: 1)\nlet n1 = ListNode(x: 3)\nlet n2 = ListNode(x: 2)\nlet n3 = ListNode(x: 5)\nlet n4 = ListNode(x: 4)\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1\nn1.next = n2\nn2.next = n3\nn3.next = n4\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nconst n0 = new ListNode(1);\nconst n1 = new ListNode(3);\nconst n2 = new ListNode(2);\nconst n3 = new ListNode(5);\nconst n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nconst n0 = new ListNode(1);\nconst n1 = new ListNode(3);\nconst n2 = new ListNode(2);\nconst n3 = new ListNode(5);\nconst n4 = new ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\\\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode n0 = ListNode(1);\nListNode n1 = ListNode(3);\nListNode n2 = ListNode(2);\nListNode n3 = ListNode(5);\nListNode n4 = ListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = n1;\nn1.next = n2;\nn2.next = n3;\nn3.next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nlet n0 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 1, next: None }));\nlet n1 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 3, next: None }));\nlet n2 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 2, next: None }));\nlet n3 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 5, next: None }));\nlet n4 = Rc::new(RefCell::new(ListNode { val: 4, next: None }));\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.borrow_mut().next = Some(n1.clone());\nn1.borrow_mut().next = Some(n2.clone());\nn2.borrow_mut().next = Some(n3.clone());\nn3.borrow_mut().next = Some(n4.clone());\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868 1 -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 5 -&gt; 4 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nListNode* n0 = newListNode(1);\nListNode* n1 = newListNode(3);\nListNode* n2 = newListNode(2);\nListNode* n3 = newListNode(5);\nListNode* n4 = newListNode(4);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0-&gt;next = n1;\nn1-&gt;next = n2;\nn2-&gt;next = n3;\nn3-&gt;next = n4;\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u94fe\u8868\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\nvar n0 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 1};\nvar n1 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 3};\nvar n2 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 2};\nvar n3 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 5};\nvar n4 = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 4};\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\nn0.next = &amp;n1;\nn1.next = &amp;n2;\nn2.next = &amp;n3;\nn3.next = &amp;n4;\n</code></pre> <p>\u6570\u7ec4\u6574\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u5305\u542b\u5143\u7d20 <code>nums[0]</code> \u548c <code>nums[1]</code> \u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u5f53\u4f5c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4ee3\u79f0\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u53ef\u88ab\u8bb0\u505a\u94fe\u8868 <code>n0</code> \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u5982\u56fe 4-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5728\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 <code>n0</code> \u548c <code>n1</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9 <code>P</code> \uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-6 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u793a\u4f8b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>[class]{linked_list}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>[class]{linked_list}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertNode}\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 4-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u8282\u70b9 <code>P</code> \u4ecd\u7136\u6307\u5411 <code>n1</code> \uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u904d\u5386\u6b64\u94fe\u8868\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230 <code>P</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 <code>P</code> \u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u94fe\u8868\u4e86\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-7 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>[class]{linked_list}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>[class]{linked_list}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{removeNode}\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{removeNode}\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u5982\u4e0a\u8282\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u4e0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u94fe\u8868\u5219\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(i - 1\\) \u8f6e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>[class]{linked_list}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>[class]{linked_list}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{access}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#5","title":"5. \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u94fe\u8868\u5185\u503c\u4e3a <code>target</code> \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linked_list.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.java<pre><code>[class]{linked_list}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.cs<pre><code>[class]{linked_list}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{findNode}\n</code></pre> linked_list.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre> linked_list.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{find}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#422-vs","title":"4.2.2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4 VS \u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>\u8868 4-1 \u603b\u7ed3\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5404\u9879\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5404\u79cd\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u5448\u73b0\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 4-1 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u6570\u7ec4 \u94fe\u8868 \u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f \u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4 \u5206\u6563\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4 \u7f13\u5b58\u5c40\u90e8\u6027 \u53cb\u597d \u4e0d\u53cb\u597d \u5bb9\u91cf\u6269\u5c55 \u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8 \u53ef\u7075\u6d3b\u6269\u5c55 \u5185\u5b58\u6548\u7387 \u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u5c11\u3001\u6d6a\u8d39\u90e8\u5206\u7a7a\u95f4 \u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u591a \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\)"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#423","title":"4.2.3 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 4-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff1a\u5373\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u666e\u901a\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b\u503c\u548c\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u4e24\u9879\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u7a7a \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u73af\u5f62\u94fe\u8868\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee4\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u63a5\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u5f62\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u5728\u73af\u5f62\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4f5c\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff1a\u4e0e\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5b9a\u4e49\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u548c\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u66f4\u5177\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u671d\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class ListNode:\n\"\"\"\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val                # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.next: ListNode | None = None  # \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nself.prev: ListNode | None = None  # \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct ListNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode *next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nListNode *prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr), prev(nullptr) {}  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(int x) { val = x; }  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(int x) =&gt; val = x;  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype DoublyListNode struct {\nVal  int             // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nNext *DoublyListNode // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nPrev *DoublyListNode // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n}\n// NewDoublyListNode \u521d\u59cb\u5316\nfunc NewDoublyListNode(val int) *DoublyListNode {\nreturn &amp;DoublyListNode{\nVal:  val,\nNext: nil,\nPrev: nil,\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nvar val: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nvar next: ListNode? // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nvar prev: ListNode? // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\ninit(x: Int) { // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\nval = x\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nval;\nnext;\nprev;\nconstructor(val, next, prev) {\nthis.val = val  ===  undefined ? 0 : val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = next  ===  undefined ? null : next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nthis.prev = prev  ===  undefined ? null : prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nval: number;\nnext: ListNode | null;\nprev: ListNode | null;\nconstructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null, prev?: ListNode | null) {\nthis.val = val  ===  undefined ? 0 : val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = next  ===  undefined ? null : next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nthis.prev = prev  ===  undefined ? null : prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass ListNode {\nint val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nListNode next;  // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode prev;  // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nListNode(this.val, [this.next, this.prev]);  // \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u578b */\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct ListNode {\nval: i32, // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnext: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nprev: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;ListNode&gt;&gt;&gt;, // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nimpl ListNode {\nfn new(val: i32) -&gt; Self {\nListNode {\nval,\nnext: None,\nprev: None,\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct ListNode {\nint val;               // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nstruct ListNode *next; // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nstruct ListNode *prev; // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n};\ntypedef struct ListNode ListNode;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nListNode *newListNode(int val) {\nListNode *node, *next;\nnode = (ListNode *) malloc(sizeof(ListNode));\nnode-&gt;val = val;\nnode-&gt;next = NULL;\nnode-&gt;prev = NULL;\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\npub fn ListNode(comptime T: type) type {\nreturn struct {\nconst Self = @This();\nval: T = 0, // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nnext: ?*Self = null, // \u6307\u5411\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\nprev: ?*Self = null, // \u6307\u5411\u524d\u9a71\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n// \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\npub fn init(self: *Self, x: i32) void {\nself.val = x;\nself.next = null;\nself.prev = null;\n}\n};\n}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 4-8 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u94fe\u8868\u79cd\u7c7b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/#424","title":"4.2.4 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u548c\u56fe\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6808\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\uff1a\u5f53\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5148\u8fdb\u540e\u51fa\u7684\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u6808\uff1b\u5f53\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u961f\u5217\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff1a\u94fe\u5730\u5740\u6cd5\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\uff1a\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u662f\u8868\u793a\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fe\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0e\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u3001B \u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3002</li> <li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5386\u53f2\uff1a\u5728\u7f51\u9875\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u524d\u8fdb\u6216\u540e\u9000\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u3002\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d8\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u3002</li> <li>LRU \u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u6dd8\u6c70\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08LRU\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u652f\u6301\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u5408\u9002\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5468\u671f\u6027\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8f6c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8f6c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 CPU \u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7528\u5b8c\u65f6\uff0cCPU \u5c06\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u97f3\u9891\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u64ad\u653e\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u7f13\u51b2\u5757\u5e76\u653e\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u7f1d\u64ad\u653e\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/","title":"4.3 \u00a0 \u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e8b\u5148\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53d8\u5f97\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u82e5\u957f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5c0f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u9891\u7e41\u6269\u5bb9\u6570\u7ec4\uff1b\u82e5\u957f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4 dynamic array\u300d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5373\u957f\u5ea6\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5217\u8868 list\u300d\u3002\u5217\u8868\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5bb9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u987b\u62c5\u5fc3\u8d85\u8fc7\u5bb9\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#431","title":"4.3.1 \u00a0 \u5217\u8868\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u201d\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\n# \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlist1: list[int] = []\n# \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlist: list[int] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u9700\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cC++ \u4e2d vector \u5373\u662f\u672c\u6587\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684 list\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nvector&lt;int&gt; list1;\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nvector&lt;int&gt; list = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nList&lt;Integer&gt; list1 = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u9700\u4e3a int[] \u7684\u5305\u88c5\u7c7b Integer[]\uff09\nInteger[] numbers = new Integer[] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\nList&lt;Integer&gt; list = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(numbers));\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nList&lt;int&gt; list1 = new ();\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nint[] numbers = new int[] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };\nList&lt;int&gt; list = numbers.ToList();\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlist1 := []int\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlist := []int{1, 3, 2, 5, 4}\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlet list1: [Int] = []\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nvar list = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nconst list1 = [];\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nconst list = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nconst list1: number[] = [];\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nconst list: number[] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nList&lt;int&gt; list1 = [];\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nList&lt;int&gt; list = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868 */\n// \u65e0\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlet list1: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = Vec::new();\n// \u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\nlet list2: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![1, 3, 2, 5, 4];\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\nvar list = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer list.deinit();\ntry list.appendSlice(&amp;[_]i32{ 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 });\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u5217\u8868\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\nnum: int = list[1]  # \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\nlist[1] = 0    # \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint num = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint num = list.get(1);  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.set(1, 0);  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint num = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nnum := list[1]  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0     // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet num = list[1] // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0 // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst num = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst num: number = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint num = list[1];  // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;  // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet num: i32 = list[1];    // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist[1] = 0;               // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\nvar num = list.items[1]; // \u8bbf\u95ee\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n// \u66f4\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\nlist.items[1] = 0; // \u5c06\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0  \n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5728\u5217\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4ecd\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\nlist.clear()\n# \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\nlist.append(1)\nlist.append(3)\nlist.append(2)\nlist.append(5)\nlist.append(4)\n# \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\nlist.insert(3, 6)  # \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n# \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nlist.pop(3)        # \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.push_back(1);\nlist.push_back(3);\nlist.push_back(2);\nlist.push_back(5);\nlist.push_back(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.insert(list.begin() + 3, 6);  // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.erase(list.begin() + 3);      // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.add(1);\nlist.add(3);\nlist.add(2);\nlist.add(5);\nlist.add(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.add(3, 6);  // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.remove(3);  // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.Clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.Add(1);\nlist.Add(3);\nlist.Add(2);\nlist.Add(5);\nlist.Add(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.Insert(3, 6);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.RemoveAt(3);\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist = nil\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist = append(list, 1)\nlist = append(list, 3)\nlist = append(list, 2)\nlist = append(list, 5)\nlist = append(list, 4)\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist = append(list[:3], append([]int{6}, list[3:]...)...) // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist = append(list[:3], list[4:]...) // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.removeAll()\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.append(1)\nlist.append(3)\nlist.append(2)\nlist.append(5)\nlist.append(4)\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.insert(6, at: 3) // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.remove(at: 3) // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.length = 0;\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.push(1);\nlist.push(3);\nlist.push(2);\nlist.push(5);\nlist.push(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.splice(3, 0, 6);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.splice(3, 1);\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.length = 0;\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.push(1);\nlist.push(3);\nlist.push(2);\nlist.push(5);\nlist.push(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.splice(3, 0, 6);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.splice(3, 1);\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.add(1);\nlist.add(3);\nlist.add(2);\nlist.add(5);\nlist.add(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.insert(3, 6); // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.removeAt(3); // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.clear();\n/* \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.push(1);\nlist.push(3);\nlist.push(2);\nlist.push(5);\nlist.push(4);\n/* \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.insert(3, 6);  // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n/* \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 */\nlist.remove(3);    // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u6e05\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\nlist.clearRetainingCapacity();\n// \u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\ntry list.append(1);\ntry list.append(3);\ntry list.append(2);\ntry list.append(5);\ntry list.append(4);\n// \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\ntry list.insert(3, 6); // \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u5b57 6\n// \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\n_ = list.orderedRemove(3); // \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\ncount = 0\nfor i in range(len(list)):\ncount += 1\n# \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\ncount = 0\nfor n in list:\ncount += 1\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; list.size(); i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n : list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; list.size(); i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n : list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; list.Count; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nforeach (int n in list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\ncount := 0\nfor i := 0; i &lt; len(list); i++ {\ncount++\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0\nfor range list {\ncount++\n}\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nvar count = 0\nfor _ in list.indices {\ncount += 1\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0\nfor _ in list {\ncount += 1\n}\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (const n of list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (const n of list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n in list) {\ncount++;\n}\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet mut count = 0;\nfor (index, value) in list.iter().enumerate() {\ncount += 1;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet mut count = 0;\nfor value in list.iter() {\ncount += 1;\n}\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\nvar count: i32 = 0;\nvar i: i32 = 0;\nwhile (i &lt; list.items.len) : (i += 1) {\ncount += 1;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\ncount = 0;\nfor (list.items) |_| {\ncount += 1;\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#5","title":"5. \u00a0 \u62fc\u63a5\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5217\u8868 <code>list1</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8be5\u5217\u8868\u62fc\u63a5\u5230\u539f\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\nlist1: list[int] = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9]\nlist += list1  # \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; list1 = { 6, 8, 7, 10, 9 };\n// \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\nlist.insert(list.end(), list1.begin(), list1.end());\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nList&lt;Integer&gt; list1 = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 6, 8, 7, 10, 9 }));\nlist.addAll(list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nList&lt;int&gt; list1 = new() { 6, 8, 7, 10, 9 };\nlist.AddRange(list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nlist1 := []int{6, 8, 7, 10, 9}\nlist = append(list, list1...)  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nlet list1 = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9]\nlist.append(contentsOf: list1) // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nconst list1 = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];\nlist.push(...list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nconst list1: number[] = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];\nlist.push(...list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nList&lt;int&gt; list1 = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];\nlist.addAll(list1);  // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 */\nlet list1: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![6, 8, 7, 10, 9];\nlist.extend(list1);\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u62fc\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\nvar list1 = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);\ndefer list1.deinit();\ntry list1.appendSlice(&amp;[_]i32{ 6, 8, 7, 10, 9 });\ntry list.insertSlice(list.items.len, list1.items); // \u5c06\u5217\u8868 list1 \u62fc\u63a5\u5230 list \u4e4b\u540e\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#6","title":"6. \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u5217\u8868\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u548c\u201c\u53cc\u6307\u9488\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig list.py<pre><code># \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\nlist.sort()  # \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.cpp<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nsort(list.begin(), list.end());  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.java<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nCollections.sort(list);  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.cs<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.Sort(); // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list_test.go<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nsort.Ints(list)  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.swift<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.sort() // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.js<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */  list.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b);  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.ts<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.sort((a, b) =&gt; a - b);  // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.dart<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.sort(); // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.rs<pre><code>/* \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868 */\nlist.sort(); // \u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\n</code></pre> list.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n</code></pre> list.zig<pre><code>// \u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\nstd.sort.sort(i32, list.items, {}, comptime std.sort.asc(i32));\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/#432","title":"4.3.2 \u00a0 \u5217\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Java\u3001C++\u3001Python \u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8003\u7a76\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\u7b49\u3002\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u9605\u6e90\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u6df1\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u6613\u7248\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u91cd\u70b9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9 10 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u91cf\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf <code>size</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u7740\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5b9e\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5217\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5bb9\u3002</li> <li>\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\uff1a\u82e5\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\u5df2\u6ee1\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\u3002\u9996\u5148\u6839\u636e\u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5728\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89c4\u5b9a\u6bcf\u6b21\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\u81f3\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 2 \u500d\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_list.py<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.cpp<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.java<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.cs<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.go<pre><code>[class]{myList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.swift<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.js<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.ts<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.dart<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.rs<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.c<pre><code>[class]{myList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> my_list.zig<pre><code>[class]{MyList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/","title":"4.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5206\u6563\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u7ec4\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u5c11\uff1b\u4f46\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e14\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u3002</li> <li>\u94fe\u8868\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6539\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u8c03\u6574\u957f\u5ea6\uff1b\u4f46\u8282\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u3001\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u591a\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3002</li> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u8c03\u6574\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5217\u8868\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6613\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6808\u4e0a\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5806\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f</p> <p>\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6808\u4e0a\u548c\u5806\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6808\u548c\u5806\u5177\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5206\u914d\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u6808\u662f\u4e00\u5757\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u7531\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b\u800c\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u76f8\u5bf9\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u788e\u7247\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5806\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u914d\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u6808\u4e0a\u7684\u6162\u3002</li> <li>\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\uff1a\u6808\u5185\u5b58\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e00\u822c\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5806\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u578b\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff1a\u6808\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u5806\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u786e\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u7ec4\u8981\u6c42\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u5f3a\u8c03\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u94fe\u8868\u7531\u7ed3\u70b9\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 int\u3001double\u3001string\u3001object \u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u76f8\u5bf9\u5730\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u5143\u7d20\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u7ec4\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b int \u548c long \u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u522b\u5360\u7528 4 bytes \u548c 8 bytes \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <pre><code># \u5143\u7d20\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740 = \u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740 + \u5143\u7d20\u957f\u5ea6 * \u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\n</code></pre> <p>\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u628a <code>P.next</code> \u8bbe\u4e3a \\(\\text{None}\\) \u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539 <code>P.next</code> \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u4ece\u8be5\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u4ece\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5230\u5c3e\u7ed3\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u9047\u4e0d\u5230 <code>P</code> \u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7ed3\u70b9 <code>P</code> \u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7ed3\u70b9 <code>P</code> \u6307\u5411\u54ea\u91cc\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u8868\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e Java\u3001Python\u3001Go \u7b49\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8282\u70b9 <code>P</code> \u662f\u5426\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u5411\u5b83\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f <code>P.next</code> \u7684\u503c\u3002\u5728 C \u548c C++ \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u3002\u4f46\u662f\u589e\u5220\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n)\\) \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u90a3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5148\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u518d\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u7684 \\(O(1)\\) \u589e\u5220\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u59cb\u7ec8\u6307\u5411\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u3001\u5c3e\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u56fe\u7247\u201c\u94fe\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d45\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5360\u7528\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u5417\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u548c\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c\u5404\u5360\u4e00\u534a\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u53ea\u662f\u5b9a\u6027\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b9a\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 int\u3001long\u3001double \u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u4e3a 8 \u5b57\u8282\u6216 4 \u5b57\u8282\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u5217\u8868\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u65f6\u65f6\u523b\u523b\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1f</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u8d85\u51fa\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6269\u5bb9\u5217\u8868\u518d\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u7533\u8bf7\u4e00\u5757\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u642c\u8fd0\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5c31\u4f1a\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u201c\u5217\u8868\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u662f\u6307\u989d\u5916\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5982\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u6269\u5bb9\u500d\u6570\u6240\u5360\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u90fd\u4f1a\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u7528\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u9891\u7e41\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e58\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 \\(\\times 1.5\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5f88\u591a\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1\u5b83\u4eec\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316 <code>n = [1, 2, 3]</code> \u540e\uff0c\u8fd9 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316 <code>m = [2, 1, 3]</code> \u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684 id \u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5206\u522b\u8ddf <code>n</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 <code>m</code> \u8fd8\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u5047\u5982\u628a\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u6362\u6210\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 <code>n = [n1, n2, n3, n4, n5]</code> \uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e5f\u662f\u88ab\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5404\u5904\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8282\u70b9\u672c\u8eab\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57\u4e5f\u88ab\u5305\u88c5\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u5b57\u62e5\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a id \uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u662f\u65e0\u987b\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u3002</p> <p>C++ STL \u91cc\u9762\u7684 std::list \u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e66\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u600e\u4e48\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u5462?</p> <p>\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u66f4\u9752\u7750\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u9500\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 <code>std::list</code> \u901a\u5e38\u6bd4 <code>std::vector</code> \u66f4\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7f13\u5b58\u4e0d\u53cb\u597d\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u5b58\u653e\u7684\uff0c<code>std::list</code> \u5bf9\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c<code>std::vector</code> \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u548c\u56fe\u3002\u6808\u548c\u961f\u5217\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 <code>stack</code> \u548c <code>queue</code> \uff0c\u800c\u975e\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/","title":"\u7b2c 13 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u56de\u6eaf","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u540c\u8ff7\u5bab\u4e2d\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u3002</p> <p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u627e\u5230\u901a\u5f80\u5149\u660e\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>13.1 \u00a0 \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>13.2 \u00a0 \u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>13.3 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>13.4 \u00a0 N \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>13.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/","title":"13.1 \u00a0 \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5 backtracking algorithm\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u7a77\u4e3e\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u5219\u5c06\u5176\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u6216\u8005\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</p> <p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u6765\u904d\u5386\u89e3\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u5230\u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u548c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u8282\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b64\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u8fd9\u9897\u6811\uff0c\u5e76\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a \\(7\\) \uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868 <code>res</code> \u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5982\u56fe 13-1 \u548c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig preorder_traversal_i_compact.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{pre_order}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.java<pre><code>[class]{preorder_traversal_i_compact}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.cs<pre><code>[class]{preorder_traversal_i_compact}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrderI}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{pre_order}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_i_compact.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-1 \u00a0 \u5728\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u8282\u70b9 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1311","title":"13.1.1 \u00a0 \u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0e\u56de\u9000","text":"<p>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u89e3\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u56de\u9000\u201d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5f53\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u524d\u8fdb\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u64a4\u9500\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u9000\u56de\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u7ed3\u70b9\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684 <code>return</code> \u5219\u8868\u793a\u201c\u56de\u9000\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u56de\u9000\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00\u7a0d\u4f5c\u62d3\u5c55\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u9898\u4e8c</p> <p>\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4f8b\u9898\u4e00\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868 <code>path</code> \u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u590d\u5236 <code>path</code> \u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868 <code>res</code> \u3002\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c<code>res</code> \u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig preorder_traversal_ii_compact.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{pre_order}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.java<pre><code>[class]{preorder_traversal_ii_compact}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.cs<pre><code>[class]{preorder_traversal_ii_compact}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrderII}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{pre_order}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_ii_compact.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u201c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb <code>path</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u201c\u56de\u9000\u201d\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u4ece <code>path</code> \u4e2d\u5f39\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u672c\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 13-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5c1d\u8bd5\u548c\u56de\u9000\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u524d\u8fdb\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u64a4\u9500\u201d\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u4e92\u4e3a\u9006\u5411\u7684\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-2 \u00a0 \u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0e\u56de\u9000 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1312","title":"13.1.2 \u00a0 \u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u590d\u6742\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u526a\u679d\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09</p> <p>\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u503c\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig preorder_traversal_iii_compact.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{pre_order}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.java<pre><code>[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_compact}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.cs<pre><code>[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_compact}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrderIII}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{pre_order}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_compact.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n</code></pre> <p>\u526a\u679d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u5982\u56fe 13-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u526a\u6389\u201d\u4e86\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8bb8\u591a\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-3 \u00a0 \u6839\u636e\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u526a\u679d </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1313","title":"13.1.3 \u00a0 \u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801","text":"<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u56de\u6eaf\u7684\u201c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3001\u56de\u9000\u3001\u526a\u679d\u201d\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u70bc\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u901a\u7528\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c<code>state</code> \u8868\u793a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\uff0c<code>choices</code> \u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def backtrack(state: State, choices: list[choice], res: list[state]):\n\"\"\"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6\"\"\"\n# \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif is_solution(state):\n# \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecord_solution(state, res)\n# \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn\n# \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices:\n# \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif is_valid(state, choice):\n# \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmake_choice(state, choice)\nbacktrack(state, choices, res)\n# \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundo_choice(state, choice)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State *state, vector&lt;Choice *&gt; &amp;choices, vector&lt;State *&gt; &amp;res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (Choice choice : choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State state, List&lt;Choice&gt; choices, List&lt;State&gt; res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (Choice choice : choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State state, List&lt;Choice&gt; choices, List&lt;State&gt; res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nforeach (Choice choice in choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfunc backtrack(state *State, choices []Choice, res *[]State) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif isSolution(state) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res)\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor _, choice := range choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif isValid(state, choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice)\nbacktrack(state, choices, res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfunc backtrack(state: inout State, choices: [Choice], res: inout [State]) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif isSolution(state: state) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state: state, res: &amp;res)\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif isValid(state: state, choice: choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state: &amp;state, choice: choice)\nbacktrack(state: &amp;state, choices: choices, res: &amp;res)\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state: &amp;state, choice: choice)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfunction backtrack(state, choices, res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (let choice of choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfunction backtrack(state: State, choices: Choice[], res: State[]): void {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (let choice of choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State state, List&lt;Choice&gt;, List&lt;State&gt; res) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (Choice choice in choices) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, choice)) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nfn backtrack(state: &amp;mut State, choices: &amp;Vec&lt;Choice&gt;, res: &amp;mut Vec&lt;State&gt;) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif is_solution(state) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecord_solution(state, res);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor choice in choices {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif is_valid(state, choice) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmake_choice(state, choice);\nbacktrack(state, choices, res);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundo_choice(state, choice);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6 */\nvoid backtrack(State *state, Choice *choices, int numChoices, State *res, int numRes) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3\nif (isSolution(state)) {\n// \u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\nrecordSolution(state, res, numRes);\n// \u505c\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\nreturn;\n}\n// \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; numChoices; i++) {\n// \u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\nif (isValid(state, &amp;choices[i])) {\n// \u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\nmakeChoice(state, &amp;choices[i]);\nbacktrack(state, choices, numChoices, res, numRes);\n// \u56de\u9000\uff1a\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\nundoChoice(state, &amp;choices[i]);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\u3002\u72b6\u6001 <code>state</code> \u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 <code>choices</code> \u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c <code>res</code> \u662f\u8def\u5f84\u5217\u8868\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig preorder_traversal_iii_template.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{is_solution}\n[class]{}-[func]{record_solution}\n[class]{}-[func]{is_valid}\n[class]{}-[func]{make_choice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undo_choice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.java<pre><code>[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.cs<pre><code>[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{preorder_traversal_iii_template}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrackIII}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{is_solution}\n[class]{}-[func]{record_solution}\n[class]{}-[func]{is_valid}\n[class]{}-[func]{make_choice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undo_choice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> preorder_traversal_iii_template.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{isSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{recordSolution}\n[class]{}-[func]{isValid}\n[class]{}-[func]{makeChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{undoChoice}\n[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6839\u636e\u9898\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u627e\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\u4e4b\u540e\u7684 <code>return</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5220\u9664\u3002\u56fe 13-4 \u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u4fdd\u7559\u6216\u5220\u9664 <code>return</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-4 \u00a0 \u4fdd\u7559\u4e0e\u5220\u9664 return \u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> <p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u867d\u7136\u663e\u5f97\u5570\u55e6\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u7528\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49 <code>state</code> \u548c <code>choices</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1314","title":"13.1.4 \u00a0 \u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u7167\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\u7ed9\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u793a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 13-1 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u672f\u8bed </p> \u540d\u8bcd \u5b9a\u4e49 \u4f8b\u9898\u4e09 \u89e3 Solution \u89e3\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8282\u70b9 \\(7\\) \u7684\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8def\u5f84 \u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6 Constraint \u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u9650\u5236\u89e3\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u526a\u679d \u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8282\u70b9 \\(3\\) \u72b6\u6001 State \u72b6\u6001\u8868\u793a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9009\u62e9 \u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5373 <code>path</code> \u8282\u70b9\u5217\u8868 \u5c1d\u8bd5 Attempt \u5c1d\u8bd5\u662f\u6839\u636e\u53ef\u7528\u9009\u62e9\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u89e3\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u89e3 \u9012\u5f52\u8bbf\u95ee\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb <code>path</code> \uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a \\(7\\) \u56de\u9000 Backtracking \u56de\u9000\u6307\u9047\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u64a4\u9500\u524d\u9762\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001 \u5f53\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u7ed3\u70b9\u3001\u7ed3\u675f\u7ed3\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u9047\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de \u526a\u679d Pruning \u526a\u679d\u662f\u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898\u7279\u6027\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387 \u5f53\u9047\u5230\u503c\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u7ee7\u7eed\u641c\u7d22 <p>Tip</p> <p>\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u89e3\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u901a\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1315","title":"13.1.5 \u00a0 \u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5408\u7406\u7684\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6216\u8005\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u96be\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6307\u6570\u9636\u6216\u9636\u4e58\u9636\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u7528\u4e8e\u526a\u679d\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u6df1\u5ea6\u5f88\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u9700\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u54ea\u4e9b\u9009\u62e9\u53ef\u751f\u6210\u6709\u6548\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u6548\u7387\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u641c\u7d22\u90a3\u4e9b\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u89e3\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u6216\u8005\u4f30\u8ba1\u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/#1316","title":"13.1.6 \u00a0 \u56de\u6eaf\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u9898","text":"<p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u8bb8\u591a\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u627e\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u6c42\u51fa\u5176\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u548c\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u548c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</li> <li>\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e09\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\u548c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5706\u76d8\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u5927\u5706\u76d8\u653e\u5728\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7ea6\u675f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u627e\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u6240\u6709\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\\(n\\) \u7687\u540e\uff1a\u5728 \\(n \\times n\\) \u7684\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u653e\u7f6e \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7687\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u4e92\u4e0d\u653b\u51fb\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u72ec\uff1a\u5728 \\(9 \\times 9\\) \u7684\u7f51\u683c\u4e2d\u586b\u5165\u6570\u5b57 \\(1\\) ~ \\(9\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u884c\u3001\u6bcf\u5217\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a \\(3 \\times 3\\) \u5b50\u7f51\u683c\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u7740\u8272\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u7528\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u989c\u8272\u7ed9\u56fe\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u7740\u8272\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u76f8\u90bb\u9876\u70b9\u989c\u8272\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5408\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u67d0\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p> <ul> <li>0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7269\u54c1\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u80cc\u5305\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u5185\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u7269\u54c1\u4f7f\u5f97\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u5927\u3002</li> <li>\u65c5\u884c\u5546\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u70b9\u6070\u597d\u4e00\u6b21\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u6c42\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u5927\u56e2\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u5b50\u56fe\uff0c\u5373\u5b50\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u90fd\u6709\u8fb9\u76f8\u8fde\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <ul> <li>0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u65c5\u884c\u5546\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684 NP-Hard \u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u89e3\u6cd5\u6709\u9057\u4f20\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u8681\u7fa4\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u5927\u56e2\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u56fe\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b49\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/","title":"13.4 \u00a0 N \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7687\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u653b\u51fb\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u6216\u540c\u4e00\u5217\u6216\u540c\u4e00\u659c\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a \\(n \\times n\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u4f7f\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u7687\u540e\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e92\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u6446\u653e\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53 \\(n = 4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5171\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u89e3\u3002\u4ece\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\\(n \\times n\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\u5171\u6709 \\(n^2\\) \u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9009\u62e9 <code>choices</code> \u3002\u5728\u9010\u4e2a\u653e\u7f6e\u7687\u540e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u68cb\u76d8\u72b6\u6001\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\u5c31\u662f\u72b6\u6001 <code>state</code> \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-15 \u00a0 4 \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 </p> <p>\u56fe 13-16 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u672c\u9898\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u5217\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5206\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf <code>\\</code> \u548c\u6b21\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf <code>/</code> \u4e24\u79cd\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-16 \u00a0 n \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565","text":"<p>\u7687\u540e\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u68cb\u76d8\u7684\u884c\u6570\u90fd\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u8bba\uff1a\u68cb\u76d8\u6bcf\u884c\u90fd\u5141\u8bb8\u4e14\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u3002</p> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-17 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e3a \\(4\\) \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u53d7\u753b\u5e45\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u56fe 13-17 \u4ec5\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-17 \u00a0 \u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565 </p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u526a\u679d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5217\u4e0e\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u578b\u6570\u7ec4 <code>cols</code> \u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u51b3\u5b9a\u653e\u7f6e\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7 <code>cols</code> \u5c06\u5df2\u6709\u7687\u540e\u7684\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u56de\u6eaf\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0 <code>cols</code> \u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u5462\uff1f\u8bbe\u68cb\u76d8\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u7684\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\((row, col)\\) \uff0c\u9009\u5b9a\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u6761\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u8be5\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5b50\u7684\u884c\u7d22\u5f15\u51cf\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u90fd\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5b50\u7684 \\(row - col\\) \u4e3a\u6052\u5b9a\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u6ee1\u8db3 \\(row_1 - col_1 = row_2 - col_2\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4eec\u4e00\u5b9a\u5904\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u3002\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u56fe 13-18 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>diag1</code> \uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u6761\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\u3002</p> <p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u6b21\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5b50\u7684 \\(row + col\\) \u662f\u6052\u5b9a\u503c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4 <code>diag2</code> \u6765\u5904\u7406\u6b21\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-18 \u00a0 \u5904\u7406\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\\(n\\) \u7ef4\u65b9\u9635\u4e2d \\(row - col\\) \u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f \\([-n + 1, n - 1]\\) \uff0c\\(row + col\\) \u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f \\([0, 2n - 2]\\) \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u6b21\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u90fd\u4e3a \\(2n - 1\\) \uff0c\u5373\u6570\u7ec4 <code>diag1</code> \u548c <code>diag2</code> \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(2n - 1\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig n_queens.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{n_queens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.java<pre><code>[class]{n_queens}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{n_queens}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.cs<pre><code>[class]{n_queens}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{n_queens}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{n_queens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> n_queens.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{nQueens}\n</code></pre> <p>\u9010\u884c\u653e\u7f6e \\(n\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u5206\u522b\u6709 \\(n\\)\u3001\\(n-1\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n!)\\) \u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u526a\u679d\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u5927\u5e45\u5730\u7f29\u5c0f\u641c\u7d22\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u5f80\u5f80\u4f18\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>\u6570\u7ec4 <code>state</code> \u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4 <code>cols</code>\u3001<code>diags1</code> \u548c <code>diags2</code> \u7686\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6700\u5927\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/","title":"13.2 \u00a0 \u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u8868 13-2 \u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 13-2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 \u6240\u6709\u6392\u5217 \\([1]\\) \\([1]\\) \\([1, 2]\\) \\([1, 2], [2, 1]\\) \\([1, 2, 3]\\) \\([1, 2, 3], [1, 3, 2], [2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1], [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]\\)"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#1321","title":"13.2.1 \u00a0 \u65e0\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u751f\u6210\u6392\u5217\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a \\([1, 2, 3]\\) \uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u9009\u62e9 \\(1\\)\u3001\u518d\u9009\u62e9 \\(3\\)\u3001\u6700\u540e\u9009\u62e9 \\(2\\) \uff0c\u5219\u83b7\u5f97\u6392\u5217 \\([1, 3, 2]\\) \u3002\u56de\u9000\u8868\u793a\u64a4\u9500\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u56de\u6eaf\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5019\u9009\u96c6\u5408 <code>choices</code> \u662f\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u72b6\u6001 <code>state</code> \u662f\u76f4\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 <code>state</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c55\u5f00\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001 <code>state</code> \u3002\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u540e\u5230\u8fbe\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-5 \u00a0 \u5168\u6392\u5217\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u578b\u6570\u7ec4 <code>selected</code> \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>selected[i]</code> \u8868\u793a <code>choices[i]</code> \u662f\u5426\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9 <code>choice[i]</code> \u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5c06 <code>selected[i]</code> \u8d4b\u503c\u4e3a \\(\\text{True}\\) \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u3002</li> <li>\u904d\u5386\u9009\u62e9\u5217\u8868 <code>choices</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u526a\u679d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 1 \uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 3 \uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 2 \uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u526a\u6389\u5143\u7d20 1 \u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u8f6e\u526a\u6389\u5143\u7d20 1 \u548c\u5143\u7d20 3 \u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-6 \u00a0 \u5168\u6392\u5217\u526a\u679d\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 13-6 \u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8be5\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u4ece \\(O(n^n)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(n!)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u60f3\u6e05\u695a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u505a\u201c\u5b8c\u5f62\u586b\u7a7a\u201d\u4e86\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f29\u77ed\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5355\u72ec\u5b9e\u73b0\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c55\u5f00\u5728 <code>backtrack()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig permutations_i.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutations_i}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.java<pre><code>[class]{permutations_i}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{permutations_i}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.cs<pre><code>[class]{permutations_i}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{permutations_i}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrackI}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutations_i}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre> permutations_i.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsI}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#1322","title":"13.2.2 \u00a0 \u8003\u8651\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a \\([1, 1, 2]\\) \u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u533a\u5206\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20 \\(1\\) \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a \\(1\\) \u8bb0\u4e3a \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6392\u5217\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-7 \u00a0 \u91cd\u590d\u6392\u5217 </p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u6392\u5217\u5462\uff1f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u6392\u5217\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e0d\u591f\u4f18\u96c5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u6392\u5217\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u88ab\u63d0\u524d\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 13-8 \uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 \\(1\\) \u6216\u9009\u62e9 \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u4e4b\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5217\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u8be5\u628a \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u526a\u679d\u6389\u3002</p> <p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(2\\) \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\u7684 \\(1\\) \u548c \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u5e94\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u7684 \\(\\hat{1}\\) \u526a\u679d\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4ec5\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-8 \u00a0 \u91cd\u590d\u6392\u5217\u526a\u679d </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u9898\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>duplicated</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u8be5\u8f6e\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig permutations_ii.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutations_ii}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.java<pre><code>[class]{permutations_ii}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{permutations_ii}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.cs<pre><code>[class]{permutations_ii}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{permutations_ii}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrackII}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutations_ii}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> permutations_ii.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{permutationsII}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u5143\u7d20\u4e24\u4e24\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5219 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5171\u6709 \\(n!\\)  \u79cd\u6392\u5217\uff08\u9636\u4e58\uff09\uff1b\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u590d\u5236\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n!n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6700\u5927\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<code>selected</code> \u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6700\u591a\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u4e2a <code>duplicated</code> \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u4e24\u79cd\u526a\u679d\u5bf9\u6bd4","text":"<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136 <code>selected</code> \u548c <code>duplicated</code> \u90fd\u7528\u4f5c\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u6574\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <code>selected</code> \u3002\u5b83\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u54ea\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u907f\u514d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5728 <code>state</code> \u4e2d\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u6bcf\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u542f\u7684 <code>backtrack</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff09\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a <code>duplicated</code> \u3002\u5b83\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u5728\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 13-9 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u526a\u679d\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u751f\u6548\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-9 \u00a0 \u4e24\u79cd\u526a\u679d\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u8303\u56f4 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/","title":"13.3 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898","text":""},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#1331","title":"13.3.1 \u00a0 \u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u6b63\u6574\u6570 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ec4\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u9009\u53d6\u591a\u6b21\u3002\u8bf7\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u7ec4\u5408\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u96c6\u5408 \\(\\{3, 4, 5\\}\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6574\u6570 \\(9\\) \uff0c\u89e3\u4e3a \\(\\{3, 3, 3\\}, \\{4, 5\\}\\) \u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u65e0\u9650\u6b21\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u96c6\u662f\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 \\(\\{4, 5\\}\\) \u548c \\(\\{5, 4\\}\\) \u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u53c2\u8003\u5168\u6392\u5217\u89e3\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b50\u96c6\u7684\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u201c\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u201d\uff0c\u5f53\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5c06\u5b50\u96c6\u8bb0\u5f55\u81f3\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u800c\u4e0e\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u65e0\u9650\u6b21\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u987b\u501f\u52a9 <code>selected</code> \u5e03\u5c14\u5217\u8868\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5168\u6392\u5217\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u5c0f\u5e45\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u521d\u6b65\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u9898\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig subset_sum_i_naive.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subset_sum_i_naive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.java<pre><code>[class]{subset_sum_i_naive}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{subset_sum_i_naive}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.cs<pre><code>[class]{subset_sum_i_naive}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{subset_sum_i_naive}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrackSubsetSumINaive}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subset_sum_i_naive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i_naive.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5411\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 \\([3, 4, 5]\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 \\(9\\) \uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a \\([3, 3, 3], [4, 5], [5, 4]\\) \u3002\u867d\u7136\u6210\u529f\u627e\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u548c\u4e3a \\(9\\) \u7684\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5b50\u96c6 \\([4, 5]\\) \u548c \\([5, 4]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u533a\u5206\u9009\u62e9\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5b50\u96c6\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u9009\u62e9\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\u56fe 13-10 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5148\u9009 \\(4\\) \u540e\u9009 \\(5\\) \u4e0e\u5148\u9009 \\(5\\) \u540e\u9009 \\(4\\) \u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u8005\u5bf9\u5e94\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-10 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u641c\u7d22\u4e0e\u8d8a\u754c\u526a\u679d </p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u601d\u8def\u662f\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53 <code>target</code> \u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</li> <li>\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b50\u96c6\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6392\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u518d\u6bd4\u8f83\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u526a\u679d\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 13-11 \uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u662f\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u987a\u5e8f\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u5206\u522b\u9009\u62e9 \\(3\\) \u548c \\(4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([3, 4, \\dots]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u5e94\u8be5\u8df3\u8fc7 \\(3\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5b50\u96c6 \\([4, 3, \\dots]\\) \u548c <code>1.</code> \u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u590d\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u88ab\u9010\u4e2a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d8a\u9760\u53f3\u7684\u5206\u652f\u88ab\u526a\u6389\u7684\u8d8a\u591a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u524d\u4e24\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(3\\) \u548c \\(5\\) \uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5b50\u96c6 \\([3, 5, \\dots]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u524d\u4e24\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(4\\) \u548c \\(5\\) \uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5b50\u96c6 \\([4, 5, \\dots]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9 \\(5\\) \uff0c\u5219\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u5e94\u8be5\u8df3\u8fc7 \\(3\\) \u548c \\(4\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b50\u96c6 \\([5, 3, \\dots]\\) \u548c \\([5, 4, \\dots]\\) \u4e0e\u7b2c <code>1.</code> \u548c <code>2.</code> \u6b65\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u590d\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-11 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u540c\u9009\u62e9\u987a\u5e8f\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6 </p> <p>\u603b\u7ed3\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 \\([x_1, x_2, \\dots, x_n]\\) \uff0c\u8bbe\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5e8f\u5217\u4e3a \\([x_{i_1}, x_{i_2}, \\dots, x_{i_m}]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u5e8f\u5217\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3 \\(i_1 \\leq i_2 \\leq \\dots \\leq i_m\\) \uff0c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u8be5\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5e8f\u5217\u90fd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u526a\u679d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u8be5\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf <code>start</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u793a\u904d\u5386\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u5f53\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9 \\(x_{i}\\) \u540e\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u9009\u62e9\u5e8f\u5217\u6ee1\u8db3 \\(i_1 \\leq i_2 \\leq \\dots \\leq i_m\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b50\u96c6\u552f\u4e00\u3002</p> <p>\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u9879\u4f18\u5316\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u5f00\u542f\u641c\u7d22\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7 <code>target</code> \u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u540e\u8fb9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u90fd\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 <code>target</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u7701\u53bb\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u53d8\u91cf <code>total</code> \uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 <code>target</code> \u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u51cf\u6cd5\u6765\u7edf\u8ba1\u5143\u7d20\u548c\uff0c\u5f53 <code>target</code> \u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\) \u65f6\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig subset_sum_i.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subset_sum_i}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.java<pre><code>[class]{subset_sum_i}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{subset_sum_i}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.cs<pre><code>[class]{subset_sum_i}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{subset_sum_i}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrackSubsetSumI}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subset_sum_i}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_i.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 13-12 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e3a\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 \\([3, 4, 5]\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 \\(9\\) \u8f93\u5165\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-12 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u548c I \u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#1332","title":"13.3.2 \u00a0 \u8003\u8651\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u6b63\u6574\u6570 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ec4\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u53ef\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u8bf7\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u7ec4\u5408\u3002</p> <p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9898\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4 \\([4, \\hat{4}, 5]\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 \\(9\\) \uff0c\u5219\u73b0\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a \\([4, 5], [\\hat{4}, 5]\\) \uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</p> <p>\u9020\u6210\u8fd9\u79cd\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u67d0\u8f6e\u4e2d\u88ab\u591a\u6b21\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5728\u56fe 13-13 \u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u5171\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u90fd\u4e3a \\(4\\) \uff0c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff1b\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a \\(4\\) \u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-13 \u00a0 \u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u526a\u679d","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e2d\u53ea\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5de7\u5999\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u67d0\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u53d8\u91cf <code>start</code> \u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u8be5\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a\u5f53\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9 \\(x_{i}\\) \u540e\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i + 1\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5373\u80fd\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig subset_sum_ii.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subset_sum_ii}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.java<pre><code>[class]{subset_sum_ii}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{subset_sum_ii}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.cs<pre><code>[class]{subset_sum_ii}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{subset_sum_ii}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrackSubsetSumII}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subset_sum_ii}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> subset_sum_ii.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 13-14 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4 \\([4, 4, 5]\\) \u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 \\(9\\) \u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5171\u5305\u542b\u56db\u79cd\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8bf7\u4f60\u5c06\u56fe\u793a\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u91ca\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u6574\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u79cd\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 13-14 \u00a0 \u5b50\u96c6\u548c II \u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/summary/","title":"13.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u7a77\u4e3e\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u89e3\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u6765\u5bfb\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u5219\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u89e3\u6216\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0e\u56de\u9000\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5404\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u64a4\u9500\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u9000\u56de\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0e\u56de\u9000\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u526a\u679d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u526a\u679d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u524d\u7ed3\u675f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u6ee1\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f46\u5f80\u5f80\u5b58\u5728\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u6216\u66f4\u597d\u6548\u679c\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u65e8\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u7ed9\u5b9a\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u526a\u679d\u6389\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u91cd\u590d\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7ea6\u675f\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u548c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u503c\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u96c6\u3002\u96c6\u5408\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u56de\u6eaf\u524d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u6307\u793a\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u904d\u5386\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u5b50\u96c6\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u8fdb\u884c\u526a\u679d\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b50\u96c6\u548c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5224\u65ad\u76f8\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u9009\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</li> <li>\\(n\\) \u7687\u540e\u65e8\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u5c06 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u653e\u7f6e\u5230 \\(n \\times n\\) \u5c3a\u5bf8\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u7687\u540e\u4e24\u4e24\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u653b\u51fb\u5bf9\u65b9\u3002\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u6709\u884c\u7ea6\u675f\u3001\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\u3001\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u884c\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u6309\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7687\u540e\u3002</li> <li>\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7687\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6307\u793a\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5206\u522b\u8bb0\u5f55\u8be5\u4e3b\u3001\u526f\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7687\u540e\uff1b\u96be\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u627e\u5904\u5728\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\uff08\u526f\uff09\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u4e0a\u683c\u5b50\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_backtracking/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3\u56de\u6eaf\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f</p> <p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u9012\u5f52\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u201d\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\uff08\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u9012\u5f52\uff09\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/","title":"\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u72b9\u5982\u6d69\u701a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u5411\u5bfc\u3002</p> <p>\u5b83\u5e26\u9886\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>2.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u8bc4\u4f30</li> <li>2.2 \u00a0 \u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0e\u9012\u5f52</li> <li>2.3 \u00a0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</li> <li>2.4 \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</li> <li>2.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/","title":"2.2 \u00a0 \u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0e\u9012\u5f52","text":"<p>\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u800c\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9009\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#221","title":"2.2.1 \u00a0 \u8fed\u4ee3","text":"<p>\u300c\u8fed\u4ee3 iteration\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u518d\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#1-for","title":"1. \u00a0 for \u5faa\u73af","text":"<p><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9884\u5148\u77e5\u9053\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b21\u6570\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570\u57fa\u4e8e <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6c42\u548c \\(1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf <code>res</code> \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cPython \u4e2d <code>range(a, b)</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u533a\u95f4\u662f\u201c\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u904d\u5386\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a \\(a, a + 1, \\dots, b-1\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig iteration.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{for_loop}\n</code></pre> iteration.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.java<pre><code>[class]{iteration}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.cs<pre><code>[class]{iteration}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{for_loop}\n</code></pre> iteration.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoop}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-1 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6846\u56fe\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-1 \u00a0 \u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6846\u56fe </p> <p>\u6b64\u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u6210\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#2-while","title":"2. \u00a0 while \u5faa\u73af","text":"<p>\u4e0e <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c<code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728 <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u5219\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528 <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c42\u548c \\(1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig iteration.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{while_loop}\n</code></pre> iteration.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.java<pre><code>[class]{iteration}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.cs<pre><code>[class]{iteration}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{while_loop}\n</code></pre> iteration.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoop}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728 <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u6bd4 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf \\(i\\) \u6bcf\u8f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u4e0d\u592a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7528 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig iteration.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{while_loop_ii}\n</code></pre> iteration.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> iteration.java<pre><code>[class]{iteration}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> iteration.cs<pre><code>[class]{iteration}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> iteration.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> iteration.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> iteration.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> iteration.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> iteration.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> iteration.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{while_loop_ii}\n</code></pre> iteration.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> iteration.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{whileLoopII}\n</code></pre> <p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c<code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u51d1\uff0c<code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fed\u4ee3\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u5185\u5d4c\u5957\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig iteration.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nested_for_loop}\n</code></pre> iteration.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.java<pre><code>[class]{iteration}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.cs<pre><code>[class]{iteration}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nested_for_loop}\n</code></pre> iteration.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> iteration.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{nestedForLoop}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-2 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8be5\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6846\u56fe\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-2 \u00a0 \u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6846\u56fe </p> <p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e \\(n^2\\) \u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u6210\u201c\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5d4c\u5957\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u5347\u7ef4\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\u81f3\u201c\u7acb\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u56db\u6b21\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3001\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#222","title":"2.2.2 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52","text":"<p>\u300c\u9012\u5f52 recursion\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9012\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f20\u5165\u66f4\u5c0f\u6216\u66f4\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fbe\u5230\u201c\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\uff1a\u89e6\u53d1\u201c\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u201d\u540e\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u6700\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u5c42\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u6c47\u805a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u800c\u4ece\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7531\u201c\u9012\u201d\u8f6c\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\uff1a\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u9012\u201d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8f93\u5165\u66f4\u5c0f\u6216\u66f4\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u5bf9\u5e94\u201c\u5f52\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u9012\u5f52\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u81f3\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570 <code>recur(n)</code>  \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210 \\(1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig recursion.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.java<pre><code>[class]{recursion}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.cs<pre><code>[class]{recursion}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{recur}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-3 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-3 \u00a0 \u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u867d\u7136\u4ece\u8ba1\u7b97\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0e\u9012\u5f52\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8fed\u4ee3\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ece\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u590d\u6216\u7d2f\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u201d\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7ee7\u7eed\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\uff08\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u89e3\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6c42\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bbe\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n) = 1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8fed\u4ee3\uff1a\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u6a21\u62df\u6c42\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece \\(1\\) \u904d\u5386\u5230 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u6267\u884c\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u6c42\u5f97 \\(f(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n) = n + f(n-1)\\) \uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\uff08\u9012\u5f52\u5730\uff09\u5206\u89e3\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5 \\(f(1) = 1\\) \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8c03\u7528\u6808","text":"<p>\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e3a\u65b0\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8c03\u7528\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u8fed\u4ee3\u66f4\u52a0\u8017\u8d39\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u9012\u5f52\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u56fe 2-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u89e6\u53d1\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u524d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u672a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-4 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u8fc7\u6df1\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\u62a5\u9519\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52","text":"<p>\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u524d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6216\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u4e0a\u4e0e\u8fed\u4ee3\u76f8\u5f53\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52 tail recursion\u300d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u666e\u901a\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002</li> <li>\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u524d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u7ea7\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u9700\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(1 + 2 + \\dots + n\\) \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u53d8\u91cf <code>res</code> \u8bbe\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig recursion.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tail_recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.java<pre><code>[class]{recursion}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.cs<pre><code>[class]{recursion}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tail_recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{tailRecur}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 2-5 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u5bf9\u6bd4\u666e\u901a\u9012\u5f52\u548c\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u666e\u901a\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u90fd\u8981\u518d\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\uff1a\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u201c\u9012\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ea\u9700\u5c42\u5c42\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-5 \u00a0 \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6216\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cPython \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#3_1","title":"3. \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u6811","text":"<p>\u5f53\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u201c\u5206\u6cbb\u201d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u601d\u8def\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6613\u8bfb\u3002\u4ee5\u201c\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\u201d\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217 \\(0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, \\dots\\) \uff0c\u6c42\u8be5\u6570\u5217\u7684\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\u7684\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e3a \\(f(n)\\) \uff0c\u6613\u5f97\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u5217\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e3a \\(f(1) = 0\\) \u548c \\(f(2) = 1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u548c\uff0c\u5373 \\(f(n) = f(n - 1) + f(n - 2)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6309\u7167\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5c06\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u5199\u51fa\u9012\u5f52\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8c03\u7528 <code>fib(n)</code> \u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\u7684\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig recursion.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.java<pre><code>[class]{recursion}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.cs<pre><code>[class]{recursion}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> recursion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{fib}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u5206\u652f\u3002\u5982\u56fe 2-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u65ad\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u300c\u9012\u5f52\u6811 recursion tree\u300d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-6 \u00a0 \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u4f53\u73b0\u201c\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4ece\u7b97\u6cd5\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7b49\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5929\u7136\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6811\u548c\u56fe\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/#223","title":"2.2.3 \u00a0 \u4e24\u8005\u5bf9\u6bd4","text":"<p>\u603b\u7ed3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5982\u8868 2-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u9002\u7528\u6027\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 2-1 \u00a0 \u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0e\u9012\u5f52\u7279\u70b9\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u8fed\u4ee3 \u9012\u5f52 \u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f \u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784 \u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab \u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387 \u6548\u7387\u901a\u5e38\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u65e0\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5f00\u9500 \u6bcf\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f00\u9500 \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528 \u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4 \u7d2f\u79ef\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4 \u9002\u7528\u95ee\u9898 \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u5faa\u73af\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u89c2\u3001\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u597d \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5982\u6811\u3001\u56fe\u3001\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u6e05\u6670 <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u611f\u89c9\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u7406\u89e3\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bfb\u5b8c\u201c\u6808\u201d\u7ae0\u8282\u540e\u518d\u6765\u590d\u4e60\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u5177\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5185\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6700\u521d\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6700\u540e\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u6c42\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u6808\u7684\u201c\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u201d\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5f02\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9012\u5f52\u672f\u8bed\u5df2\u7ecf\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u9012\u5f52\u4e0e\u6808\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9012\uff1a\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u201c\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u201d\u4e0a\u4e3a\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u914d\u65b0\u7684\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\uff1a\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u5b8c\u6210\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u4f1a\u4ece\u201c\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u201d\u4e0a\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u4e4b\u524d\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6808\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u9012\u5f52\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig recursion.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{for_loop_recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.java<pre><code>[class]{recursion}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.cs<pre><code>[class]{recursion}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{for_loop_recur}\n</code></pre> recursion.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> recursion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{forLoopRecur}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5f53\u9012\u5f52\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8fed\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u4e86\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u503c\u5f97\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8f6c\u5316\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u66f4\u5dee\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8fed\u4ee3\u8fd8\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6743\u8861\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u60c5\u5883\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/","title":"2.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u8bc4\u4f30","text":"<p>\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u540e\u8ffd\u6c42\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u627e\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u6cd5\uff1a\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u5728\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u6c42\u5f97\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u5bfb\u6c42\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6cd5\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u627e\u5230\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u52a3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5feb\u6162\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u201c\u65e2\u5feb\u53c8\u7701\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u800c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6307\u5bfc\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p>\u6548\u7387\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7406\u8bba\u4f30\u7b97\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/#211","title":"2.1.1 \u00a0 \u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5","text":"<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u548c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u540c\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u627e\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u76d1\u63a7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u53cd\u6620\u771f\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u67d0\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u77ed\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5e73\u5747\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u5b8c\u6574\u6d4b\u8bd5\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u66f4\u5c11\uff1b\u800c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5404\u79cd\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u8017\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/#212","title":"2.1.2 \u00a0 \u7406\u8bba\u4f30\u7b97","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f30\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u6e10\u8fd1\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790 asymptotic complexity analysis\u300d\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u300c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u300d\u3002</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4f53\u73b0\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u968f\u7740\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6709\u4e9b\u62d7\u53e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u91cd\u70b9\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u300c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 time complexity\u300d\u548c\u300c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 space complexity\u300d\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u968f\u7740\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u201d\u8868\u793a\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u7a7a\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u7684\u201c\u5feb\u6162\u201d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u514b\u670d\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5b83\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u3002</li> <li>\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4ecd\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u628a\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u201c\u6807\u5c3a\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0d\u540c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u4e2a\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u96be\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u592a\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8981\u5206\u6790\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u5efa\u7acb\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u6210\u7b80\u5355\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/","title":"2.4 \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u300c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 space complexity\u300d\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u53d8\u5927\u65f6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u201c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#241","title":"2.4.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u76f8\u5173\u7a7a\u95f4","text":"<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u201c\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u6808\u9876\u90e8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\uff0c\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u4ee4\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7edf\u8ba1\u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-15 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7a7a\u95f4 </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class Node:\n\"\"\"\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, x: int):\nself.val: int = x              # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.next: Node | None = None  # \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\ndef function() -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u51fd\u6570\"\"\"\n# \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0\ndef algorithm(n) -&gt; int:  # \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nA = 0                 # \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u793a\uff09\nb = 0                 # \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nnode = Node(0)        # \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nc = function()        # \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn A + b + c      # \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct Node {\nint val;\nNode *next;\nNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}\n};\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) {        // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst int a = 0;          // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;                // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nNode* node = new Node(0); // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nint c = func();           // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;         // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nint val;\nNode next;\nNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) {        // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nfinal int a = 0;          // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;                // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nNode node = new Node(0);  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nint c = function();       // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;         // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nint val;\nNode next;\nNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) {        // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst int a = 0;          // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;                // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nNode node = new Node(0);  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nint c = function();       // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;         // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype node struct {\nval  int\nnext *node\n}\n/* \u521b\u5efa node \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53  */\nfunc newNode(val int) *node {\nreturn &amp;node{val: val}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc function() int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0\n}\nfunc algorithm(n int) int { // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst a = 0             // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nb := 0                  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nnewNode(0)              // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nc := function()         // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c        // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nvar val: Int\nvar next: Node?\ninit(x: Int) {\nval = x\n}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunc function() -&gt; Int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0\n}\nfunc algorithm(n: Int) -&gt; Int { // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nlet a = 0             // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nvar b = 0             // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nlet node = Node(x: 0) // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nlet c = function()    // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c      // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nval;\nnext;\nconstructor(val) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = null;                       // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunction constFunc() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\nfunction algorithm(n) {       // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst a = 0;              // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nlet b = 0;                // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nconst node = new Node(0); // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nconst c = constFunc();    // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;         // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nval: number;\nnext: Node | null;\nconstructor(val?: number) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.next = null;                       // \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfunction constFunc(): number {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\nfunction algorithm(n: number): number { // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst a = 0;                        // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nlet b = 0;                          // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nconst node = new Node(0);           // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nconst c = constFunc();              // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;                   // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u7c7b */\nclass Node {\nint val;\nNode next;\nNode(this.val, [this.next]);\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) {  // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst int a = 0;      // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;            // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nNode node = Node(0);  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nint c = function();   // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;     // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct Node {\nval: i32,\nnext: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;Node&gt;&gt;&gt;,\n}\n/* \u521b\u5efa Node \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nimpl Node {\nfn new(val: i32) -&gt; Self {\nSelf { val: val, next: None }\n}\n}\n/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nfn function() -&gt; i32 {      // \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nfn algorithm(n: i32) -&gt; i32 {       // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst a: i32 = 0;               // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nlet mut b = 0;                  // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nlet node = Node::new(0);        // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\nlet c = function();             // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;               // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u51fd\u6570 */\nint func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...\nreturn 0;\n}\nint algorithm(int n) { // \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\nconst int a = 0;   // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\nint b = 0;         // \u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\nint c = func();    // \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff09\nreturn a + b + c;  // \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#242","title":"2.4.2 \u00a0 \u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u7edf\u8ba1\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ece\u201c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u8f6c\u4e3a\u201c\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u800c\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u786c\u6027\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u90fd\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u9884\u7559\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6700\u5dee\u201d\u6709\u4e24\u5c42\u542b\u4e49\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u4ee5\u6700\u5dee\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u51c6\uff1a\u5f53 \\(n &lt; 10\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1b\u4f46\u5f53 \\(n &gt; 10\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u5cf0\u503c\u5185\u5b58\u4e3a\u51c6\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u6267\u884c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5360\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b\u5f53\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> </ol> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def algorithm(n: int):\na = 0               # O(1)\nb = [0] * 10000     # O(1)\nif n &gt; 10:\nnums = [0] * n  # O(n)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;               // O(1)\nvector&lt;int&gt; b(10000);    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10)\nvector&lt;int&gt; nums(n); // O(n)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;                   // O(1)\nint[] b = new int[10000];    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10)\nint[] nums = new int[n]; // O(n)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;                   // O(1)\nint[] b = new int[10000];    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10) {\nint[] nums = new int[n]; // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n int) {\na := 0                      // O(1)\nb := make([]int, 10000)     // O(1)\nvar nums []int\nif n &gt; 10 {\nnums := make([]int, n)  // O(n)\n}\nfmt.Println(a, b, nums)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n: Int) {\nlet a = 0 // O(1)\nlet b = Array(repeating: 0, count: 10000) // O(1)\nif n &gt; 10 {\nlet nums = Array(repeating: 0, count: n) // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n) {\nconst a = 0;                   // O(1)\nconst b = new Array(10000);    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10) {\nconst nums = new Array(n); // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n: number): void {\nconst a = 0;                   // O(1)\nconst b = new Array(10000);    // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10) {\nconst nums = new Array(n); // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;                            // O(1)\nList&lt;int&gt; b = List.filled(10000, 0);  // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10) {\nList&lt;int&gt; nums = List.filled(n, 0); // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>fn algorithm(n: i32) {\nlet a = 0;                              // O(1)\nlet b = [0; 10000];                     // O(1)\nif n &gt; 10 {\nlet nums = vec![0; n as usize];     // O(n)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 0;               // O(1)\nint b[10000];            // O(1)\nif (n &gt; 10)\nint nums[n] = {0};   // O(n)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7edf\u8ba1\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570 <code>loop()</code> \u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u4e86 \\(n\\) \u6b21 <code>function()</code> \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u7684 <code>function()</code> \u90fd\u8fd4\u56de\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570 <code>recur()</code> \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u672a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 <code>recur()</code> \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def function() -&gt; int:\n# \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0\ndef loop(n: int):\n\"\"\"\u5faa\u73af O(1)\"\"\"\nfor _ in range(n):\nfunction()\ndef recur(n: int) -&gt; int:\n\"\"\"\u9012\u5f52 O(n)\"\"\"\nif n == 1: return\nreturn recur(n - 1)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunc();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nint recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return 1;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func function() int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfunc loop(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nfunction()\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nfunc recur(n int) {\nif n == 1 {\nreturn\n}\nrecur(n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>@discardableResult\nfunc function() -&gt; Int {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfunc loop(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\nfunction()\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nfunc recur(n: Int) {\nif n == 1 {\nreturn\n}\nrecur(n: n - 1)\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function constFunc() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfunction loop(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconstFunc();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nfunction recur(n) {\nif (n === 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function constFunc(): number {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfunction loop(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconstFunc();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nfunction recur(n: number): void {\nif (n === 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int function() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>fn function() -&gt; i32 {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nfn loop(n: i32) {\nfor i in 0..n {\nfunction();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(n: i32) {\nif n == 1 {\nreturn;\n}\nrecur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>int func() {\n// \u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\nreturn 0;\n}\n/* \u5faa\u73af O(1) */\nvoid loop(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nfunc();\n}\n}\n/* \u9012\u5f52 O(n) */\nvoid recur(int n) {\nif (n == 1) return;\nreturn recur(n - 1);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#243","title":"2.4.3 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u56fe 2-16 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u4ece\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8\u6392\u5217\uff09\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} O(1) &lt; O(\\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \\newline \\text{\u5e38\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u5bf9\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u7ebf\u6027\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u5e73\u65b9\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u6307\u6570\u9636} \\end{aligned} \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-16 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#1-o1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5e38\u6570\u9636 \\(O(1)\\)","text":"<p>\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u800c\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u5faa\u73af\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7d2f\u79ef\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{function}\n[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{func}\n[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{function}\n[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{function}\n[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{function}\n[class]{}-[func]{spaceConstant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{function}\n[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constFunc}\n[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constFunc}\n[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{function}\n[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{function}\n[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{func}\n[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{function}\n[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#2-on","title":"2. \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 \\(O(n)\\)","text":"<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e \\(n\\) \u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u7b49\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{spaceLinear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{hashTable}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 2-17 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5373\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u672a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 <code>linear_recur()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear_recur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{linearRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{linearRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{spaceLinearRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear_recur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearRecur}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-17 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#3-on2","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 \\(O(n^2)\\)","text":"<p>\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u77e9\u9635\u548c\u56fe\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e \\(n\\) \u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{spaceQuadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 2-18 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u90fd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(n\\)\u3001\\(n-1\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n / 2\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic_recur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{quadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{quadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{spaceQuadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic_recur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadraticRecur}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-18 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#4-o2n","title":"4. \u00a0 \u6307\u6570\u9636 \\(O(2^n)\\)","text":"<p>\u6307\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 2-19 \uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u201c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(2^n - 1\\) \uff0c\u5360\u7528 \\(O(2^n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig space_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{build_tree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{space_complexity}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{build_tree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> space_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-19 \u00a0 \u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6307\u6570\u9636\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#5-olog-n","title":"5. \u00a0 \u5bf9\u6570\u9636 \\(O(\\log n)\\)","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u9012\u5f52\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u534a\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log n\\) \u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u518d\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\u4e3a \\(\\log_{10} n + 1\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log_{10} n + 1\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log_{10} n + 1) = O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/#244","title":"2.4.4 \u00a0 \u6743\u8861\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4","text":"<p>\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4f18\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u964d\u4f4e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u727a\u7272\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u601d\u8def\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5219\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u601d\u8def\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u770b\u91cd\u54ea\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7a7a\u95f4\u66f4\u5b9d\u8d35\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u201c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u66f4\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/summary/","title":"2.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u8bc4\u4f30</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u52a3\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6307\u6807\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u96be\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e14\u4f1a\u8017\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u3002</li> <li>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u514b\u670d\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u63ed\u793a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u968f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u6216\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7cbe\u786e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u5927 \\(O\\) \u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u5f53 \\(n\\) \u8d8b\u5411\u6b63\u65e0\u7a77\u65f6\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf \\(T(n)\\) \u7684\u589e\u957f\u7ea7\u522b\u3002</li> <li>\u63a8\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u7edf\u8ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5224\u65ad\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\u6709 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\\(O(\\log n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n \\log n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n^2)\\)\u3001\\(O(2^n)\\) \u548c \\(O(n!)\\) \u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u975e\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u6709\u5173\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u4e3a\u6700\u5dee\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e25\u683c\u6761\u4ef6\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</li> <li>\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53cd\u6620\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u968f\u673a\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9700\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u4ee5\u53ca\u7efc\u5408\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u671f\u671b\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</p> <ul> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u968f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8ba1\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u6682\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u6307\u4ee4\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u901a\u5e38\u4ec5\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u6700\u5dee\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6700\u5dee\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4e0b\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\u6709 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\\(O(\\log n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n)\\)\u3001\\(O(n^2)\\) \u548c \\(O(2^n)\\) \u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Java\u3001Python\u3001C++\u3001Go\u3001C# \u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u4f18\u5316\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\uff08function\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u72ec\u7acb\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u4ee5\u663e\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08method\uff09\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u88ab\u9690\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee5\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u3002</p> <ul> <li>C \u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\uff08struct\uff09\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>Java \u548c C# \u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff08\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u88ab\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u7c7b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>C++ \u548c Python \u65e2\u652f\u6301\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe\u201c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b\u201d\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u5927\u5c0f\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u56fe\u7247\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u53d6 \\(n = 8\\) \uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u6bcf\u6761\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u503c\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6761\u66f2\u7ebf\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\u9879\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u89c9\u8212\u9002\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u201d\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ec5\u51ed\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6765\u9009\u62e9 \\(n = 8\\) \u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e \\(n = 8^5\\) \u5c31\u5f88\u597d\u9009\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e86\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/","title":"2.3 \u00a0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u4e14\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u51c6\u786e\u9884\u4f30\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u5462\uff1f</p> <ol> <li>\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u8bc4\u4f30\u5404\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u52a0\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c <code>+</code> \u9700\u8981 1 ns \uff0c\u4e58\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c <code>*</code> \u9700\u8981 10 ns \uff0c\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c <code>print()</code> \u9700\u8981 5 ns \u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u7edf\u8ba1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code># \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\ndef algorithm(n: int):\na = 2      # 1 ns\na = a + 1  # 1 ns\na = a * 2  # 10 ns\n# \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in range(n):  # 1 ns\nprint(0)        # 5 ns\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2;  // 1 ns\na = a + 1;  // 1 ns\na = a * 2;  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {  // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;         // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2;  // 1 ns\na = a + 1;  // 1 ns\na = a * 2;  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {  // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nSystem.out.println(0);     // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2;  // 1 ns\na = a + 1;  // 1 ns\na = a * 2;  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {  // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nConsole.WriteLine(0);      // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfunc algorithm(n int) {\na := 2     // 1 ns\na = a + 1  // 1 ns\na = a * 2  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {  // 1 ns\nfmt.Println(a)        // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfunc algorithm(n: Int) {\nvar a = 2 // 1 ns\na = a + 1 // 1 ns\na = a * 2 // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n { // 1 ns\nprint(0) // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfunction algorithm(n) {\nvar a = 2; // 1 ns\na = a + 1; // 1 ns\na = a * 2; // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor(let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nconsole.log(0); // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfunction algorithm(n: number): void {\nvar a: number = 2; // 1 ns\na = a + 1; // 1 ns\na = a * 2; // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor(let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nconsole.log(0); // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2; // 1 ns\na = a + 1; // 1 ns\na = a * 2; // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nprint(0); // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nfn algorithm(n: i32) {\nlet mut a = 2;      // 1 ns\na = a + 1;          // 1 ns\na = a * 2;          // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in 0..n {     // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);  // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u5728\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\nvoid algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 2;  // 1 ns\na = a + 1;  // 1 ns\na = a * 2;  // 10 ns\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {   // 1 ns \uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c i++\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);            // 5 ns\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a \\(6n + 12\\) ns \uff1a</p> \\[ 1 + 1 + 10 + (1 + 5) \\times n = 6n + 12 \\] <p>\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u65e2\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u4e5f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u9884\u4f30\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u83b7\u77e5\u6bcf\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ed9\u9884\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#231","title":"2.3.1 \u00a0 \u7edf\u8ba1\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf","text":"<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u53d8\u5927\u65f6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002</p> <p>\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u6bd4\u8f83\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570 <code>A</code>\u3001<code>B</code> \u548c <code>C</code> \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code># \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\ndef algorithm_A(n: int):\nprint(0)\n# \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\ndef algorithm_B(n: int):\nfor _ in range(n):\nprint(0)\n# \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\ndef algorithm_C(n: int):\nfor _ in range(1000000):\nprint(0)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithm_A(n int) {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunc algorithm_B(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithm_C(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithmA(n: Int) {\nprint(0)\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunc algorithmB(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithmC(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; 1000000 {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_A(n) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunction algorithm_B(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_C(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_A(n: number): void {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunction algorithm_B(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_C(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithmA(int n) {\nprint(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithmB(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithmC(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfn algorithm_A(n: i32) {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfn algorithm_B(n: i32) {\nfor _ in 0..n {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfn algorithm_C(n: i32) {\nfor _ in 0..1000000 {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000000; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-7 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u53ea\u6709 \\(1\\) \u4e2a\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u589e\u5927\u800c\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u201c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(n\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u589e\u5927\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>C</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(1000000\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5f88\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 <code>C</code> \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c <code>A</code> \u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4ecd\u4e3a\u201c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u201d\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-7 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5 A\u3001B \u548c C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf </p> <p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u5462\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5728 \\(n &gt; 1\\) \u65f6\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u66f4\u6162\uff0c\u5728 \\(n &gt; 1000000\\) \u65f6\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>C</code> \u66f4\u6162\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u8db3\u591f\u5927\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u201c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f18\u4e8e\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u7b80\u4fbf\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u578b\u90fd\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u89c6\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u201c\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u201c\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u201d\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4ee5\u6765\u4f30\u7b97\u96be\u5ea6\u5c31\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>A</code> \u548c <code>C</code> \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6bd4 <code>C</code> \u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>B</code> \u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>C</code> \u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u4ec5\u51ed\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5224\u65ad\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8bc4\u5224\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u6700\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#232","title":"2.3.2 \u00a0 \u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def algorithm(n: int):\na = 1      # +1\na = a + 1  # +1\na = a * 2  # +1\n# \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor i in range(n):  # +1\nprint(0)        # +1\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +1\na = a + 1;  // +1\na = a * 2;  // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;    // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +1\na = a + 1;  // +1\na = a * 2;  // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nSystem.out.println(0);    // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +1\na = a + 1;  // +1\na = a * 2;  // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {   // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nConsole.WriteLine(0);   // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n int) {\na := 1      // +1\na = a + 1   // +1\na = a * 2   // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor i := 0; i &lt; n; i++ {   // +1\nfmt.Println(a)         // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n: Int) {\nvar a = 1 // +1\na = a + 1 // +1\na = a * 2 // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; n { // +1\nprint(0) // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n) {\nvar a = 1; // +1\na += 1; // +1\na *= 2; // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor(let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++){ // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nconsole.log(0); // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n: number): void{\nvar a: number = 1; // +1\na += 1; // +1\na *= 2; // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor(let i = 0; i &lt; n; i++){ // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nconsole.log(0); // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +1\na = a + 1; // +1\na = a * 2; // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nprint(0); // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>fn algorithm(n: i32) {\nlet mut a = 1;   // +1\na = a + 1;      // +1\na = a * 2;      // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor _ in 0..n { // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0); // +1\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +1\na = a + 1;  // +1\na = a * 2;  // +1\n// \u5faa\u73af n \u6b21\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {   // +1\uff08\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u6267\u884c i ++\uff09\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);            // +1\n}\n}  </code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u8bbe\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(T(n)\\) \uff0c\u5219\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ T(n) = 3 + 2n \\] <p>\\(T(n)\\) \u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b66\u7b26\u53f7\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5927 \\(O\\) \u8bb0\u53f7 big-\\(O\\) notation\u300d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570 \\(T(n)\\) \u7684\u300c\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c asymptotic upper bound\u300d\u3002</p> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u201c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u51fd\u6570 \\(T(n)\\)\u201d\u7684\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u5176\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c</p> <p>\u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u5b9e\u6570 \\(c\\) \u548c\u5b9e\u6570 \\(n_0\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7684 \\(n &gt; n_0\\) \uff0c\u5747\u6709 \\(T(n) \\leq c \\cdot f(n)\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u8ba4\u4e3a \\(f(n)\\) \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86 \\(T(n)\\) \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(T(n) = O(f(n))\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 2-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\u5c31\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570 \\(f(n)\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f53 \\(n\\) \u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\\(T(n)\\) \u548c \\(f(n)\\) \u5904\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u4ec5\u76f8\u5dee\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\u9879 \\(c\\) \u7684\u500d\u6570\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-8 \u00a0 \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#233","title":"2.3.3 \u00a0 \u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5473\u513f\u6709\u70b9\u91cd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u611f\u89c9\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u987b\u62c5\u5fc3\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6570\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u6e10\u9886\u609f\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a \\(f(n)\\) \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(f(n))\\) \u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u5b9a\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c \\(f(n)\\) \u5462\uff1f\u603b\u4f53\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u7edf\u8ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5224\u65ad\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf","text":"<p>\u9488\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u9010\u884c\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0 \\(c \\cdot f(n)\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879 \\(c\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u4efb\u610f\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf \\(T(n)\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7cfb\u6570\u3001\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8ba1\u6570\u7b80\u5316\u6280\u5de7\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5ffd\u7565 \\(T(n)\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u4e0e \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> <li>\u7701\u7565\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5faa\u73af \\(2n\\) \u6b21\u3001\\(5n + 1\\) \u6b21\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u524d\u9762\u7684\u7cfb\u6570\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u5d4c\u5957\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e58\u6cd5\u3002\u603b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u79ef\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u5957\u7528\u7b2c <code>1.</code> \u70b9\u548c\u7b2c <code>2.</code> \u70b9\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6280\u5de7\u6765\u7edf\u8ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>def algorithm(n: int):\na = 1      # +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n  # +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n# +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i in range(5 * n + 1):\nprint(0)\n# +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i in range(2 * n):\nfor j in range(n + 1):\nprint(0)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\ncout &lt;&lt; 0 &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n int) {\na := 1     // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i := 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i := 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++ {\nfor j := 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>func algorithm(n: Int) {\nvar a = 1 // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; (5 * n + 1) {\nprint(0)\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; (2 * n) {\nfor _ in 0 ..&lt; (n + 1) {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n) {\nlet a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>function algorithm(n: number): void {\nlet a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>fn algorithm(n: i32) {\nlet mut a = 1;     // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;        // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i in 0..(5 * n + 1) {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i in 0..(2 * n) {\nfor j in 0..(n + 1) {\nprintln!(\"{}\", 0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n;  // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n + 1; j++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u516c\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6280\u5de7\u524d\u540e\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} T(n) &amp; = 2n(n + 1) + (5n + 1) + 2 &amp; \\text{\u5b8c\u6574\u7edf\u8ba1 (-.-|||)} \\newline &amp; = 2n^2 + 7n + 3 \\newline T(n) &amp; = n^2 + n &amp; \\text{\u5077\u61d2\u7edf\u8ba1 (o.O)} \\end{aligned} \\]"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c","text":"<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7531\u591a\u9879\u5f0f \\(T(n)\\) \u4e2d\u6700\u9ad8\u9636\u7684\u9879\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728 \\(n\\) \u8d8b\u4e8e\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u9636\u7684\u9879\u5c06\u53d1\u6325\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002</p> <p>\u8868 2-2 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5938\u5f20\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u7cfb\u6570\u65e0\u6cd5\u64bc\u52a8\u9636\u6570\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u5f53 \\(n\\) \u8d8b\u4e8e\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u6570\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 2-2 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> \u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf \\(T(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(f(n))\\) \\(100000\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(3n + 2\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(2n^2 + 3n + 2\\) \\(O(n^2)\\) \\(n^3 + 10000n^2\\) \\(O(n^3)\\) \\(2^n + 10000n^{10000}\\) \\(O(2^n)\\)"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#234","title":"2.3.4 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b\u5982\u56fe 2-9 \u6240\u793a\uff08\u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff09\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} O(1) &lt; O(\\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \\log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!) \\newline \\text{\u5e38\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u5bf9\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u7ebf\u6027\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u5e73\u65b9\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u6307\u6570\u9636} &lt; \\text{\u9636\u4e58\u9636} \\end{aligned} \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-9 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#1-o1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5e38\u6570\u9636 \\(O(1)\\)","text":"<p>\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf <code>size</code> \u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{constant}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#2-on","title":"2. \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u9636 \\(O(n)\\)","text":"<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u4ee5\u7ebf\u6027\u7ea7\u522b\u589e\u957f\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u901a\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear}\n</code></pre> <p>\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{array_traversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{array_traversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{arrayTraversal}\n</code></pre> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u9700\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u5177\u4f53\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\uff1b\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#3-on2","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5e73\u65b9\u9636 \\(O(n^2)\\)","text":"<p>\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u4ee5\u5e73\u65b9\u7ea7\u522b\u589e\u957f\u3002\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u901a\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-10 \u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u3001\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u548c\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u4e09\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-10 \u00a0 \u5e38\u6570\u9636\u3001\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u548c\u5e73\u65b9\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u4ee5\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c \\(n - 1\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c \\(n-1\\)\u3001\\(n-2\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u4e3a \\(n / 2\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O((n - 1) n / 2) = O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubble_sort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubble_sort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#4-o2n","title":"4. \u00a0 \u6307\u6570\u9636 \\(O(2^n)\\)","text":"<p>\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u201d\u662f\u6307\u6570\u9636\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5206\u88c2\u4e00\u8f6e\u540e\u53d8\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u4e2a\uff0c\u5206\u88c2\u4e24\u8f6e\u540e\u53d8\u4e3a \\(4\\) \u4e2a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u5206\u88c2 \\(n\\) \u8f6e\u540e\u6709 \\(2^n\\) \u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 2-11 \u548c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exponential}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-11 \u00a0 \u6307\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7 \\(n\\) \u6b21\u5206\u88c2\u540e\u505c\u6b62\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exp_recur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{exp_recur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{expRecur}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6307\u6570\u9636\u589e\u957f\u975e\u5e38\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u5728\u7a77\u4e3e\u6cd5\uff08\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u7b49\uff09\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u9636\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u6216\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#5-olog-n","title":"5. \u00a0 \u5bf9\u6570\u9636 \\(O(\\log n)\\)","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u6307\u6570\u9636\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u201c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7f29\u51cf\u5230\u4e00\u534a\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7f29\u51cf\u5230\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u662f \\(\\log_2 n\\) \uff0c\u5373 \\(2^n\\) \u7684\u53cd\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 2-12 \u548c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u201c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7f29\u51cf\u5230\u4e00\u534a\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log_2 n)\\) \uff0c\u7b80\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-12 \u00a0 \u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u4e0e\u6307\u6570\u9636\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u4e5f\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log_2 n\\) \u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{log_recur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{log_recur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{logRecur}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5316\u7e41\u4e3a\u7b80\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5b83\u589e\u957f\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u662f\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>\\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7684\u5e95\u6570\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f</p> <p>\u51c6\u786e\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a \\(m\\)\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(\\log_m n)\\) \u3002\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6570\u6362\u5e95\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5e95\u6570\u7684\u3001\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a</p> \\[ O(\\log_m n) = O(\\log_k n / \\log_k m) = O(\\log_k n) \\] <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e95\u6570 \\(m\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7701\u7565\u5e95\u6570 \\(m\\) \uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u76f4\u63a5\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#6-on-log-n","title":"6. \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636 \\(O(n \\log n)\\)","text":"<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u548c \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u76f8\u5173\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear_log_recur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linear_log_recur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{linearLogRecur}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 2-13 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u7684\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u603b\u6570\u90fd\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u6811\u5171\u6709 \\(\\log_2 n + 1\\) \u5c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-13 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u4e3b\u6d41\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#7-on","title":"7. \u00a0 \u9636\u4e58\u9636 \\(O(n!)\\)","text":"<p>\u9636\u4e58\u9636\u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5168\u6392\u5217\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u4e92\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6c42\u5176\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ n! = n \\times (n - 1) \\times (n - 2) \\times \\dots \\times 2 \\times 1 \\] <p>\u9636\u4e58\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5982\u56fe 2-14 \u548c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u5206\u88c2\u51fa \\(n\\) \u4e2a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u5206\u88c2\u51fa \\(n - 1\\) \u4e2a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u5c42\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\u5206\u88c2\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorial_recur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{time_complexity}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorial_recur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> time_complexity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{factorialRecur}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 2-14 \u00a0 \u9636\u4e58\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 </p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53 \\(n \\geq 4\\) \u65f6\u6052\u6709 \\(n! &gt; 2^n\\) \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9636\u4e58\u9636\u6bd4\u6307\u6570\u9636\u589e\u957f\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u5728 \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5927\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/#235","title":"2.3.5 \u00a0 \u6700\u5dee\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>nums</code> \u7531\u4ece \\(1\\) \u81f3 \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u53ea\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff1b\u4f46\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u7684\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7d20 \\(1\\) \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums = [?, ?, ..., 1]</code> \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u672b\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u662f \\(1\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u6574\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums = [1, ?, ?, ...]</code> \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6570\u7ec4\u591a\u957f\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(\\Omega(1)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u201c\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5927 \\(O\\) \u8bb0\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u201c\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u51fd\u6570\u6e10\u8fd1\u4e0b\u754c\uff0c\u7528 \\(\\Omega\\) \u8bb0\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig worst_best_time_complexity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{random_numbers}\n[class]{}-[func]{find_one}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomNumbers}\n[class]{}-[func]{findOne}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.java<pre><code>[class]{worst_best_time_complexity}-[func]{randomNumbers}\n[class]{worst_best_time_complexity}-[func]{findOne}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.cs<pre><code>[class]{worst_best_time_complexity}-[func]{randomNumbers}\n[class]{worst_best_time_complexity}-[func]{findOne}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomNumbers}\n[class]{}-[func]{findOne}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomNumbers}\n[class]{}-[func]{findOne}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomNumbers}\n[class]{}-[func]{findOne}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomNumbers}\n[class]{}-[func]{findOne}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomNumbers}\n[class]{}-[func]{findOne}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{random_numbers}\n[class]{}-[func]{find_one}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{randomNumbers}\n[class]{}-[func]{findOne}\n</code></pre> worst_best_time_complexity.zig<pre><code>// \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a { 1, 2, ..., n }\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71\npub fn randomNumbers(comptime n: usize) [n]i32 {\nvar nums: [n]i32 = undefined;\n// \u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4 nums = { 1, 2, 3, ..., n }\nfor (nums) |*num, i| {\nnum.* = @intCast(i32, i) + 1;\n}\n// \u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\nconst rand = std.crypto.random;\nrand.shuffle(i32, &amp;nums);\nreturn nums;\n}\n// \u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u4e2d\u6570\u5b57 1 \u6240\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\npub fn findOne(nums: []i32) i32 {\nfor (nums) |num, i| {\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(1)\n// \u5f53\u5143\u7d20 1 \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O(n)\nif (num == 1) return @intCast(i32, i);\n}\nreturn -1;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5f88\u5c0f\u6982\u7387\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8bef\u5bfc\u6027\u3002\u800c\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u66f4\u4e3a\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6548\u7387\u5b89\u5168\u503c\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6700\u5dee\u6216\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ea\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u201c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6982\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u73b0\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u968f\u673a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u7528 \\(\\Theta\\) \u8bb0\u53f7\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\u968f\u673a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u4e0b\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u88ab\u6253\u4e71\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5143\u7d20 \\(1\\) \u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6982\u7387\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u534a \\(n / 2\\) \uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\Theta(n / 2) = \\Theta(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u96be\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u4e0b\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6570\u5b66\u671f\u671b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u8bc4\u5224\u6807\u51c6\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f88\u5c11\u770b\u5230 \\(\\Theta\\) \u7b26\u53f7\uff1f</p> <p>\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e8e \\(O\\) \u7b26\u53f7\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6717\u6717\u4e0a\u53e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\)\u201d\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u5176\u76f4\u63a5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a \\(\\Theta(n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/","title":"\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u526f\u7a33\u56fa\u800c\u591a\u6837\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002</p> <p>\u5b83\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u84dd\u56fe\uff0c\u4f7f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u751f\u52a8\u8d77\u6765\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>3.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u7c7b</li> <li>3.2 \u00a0 \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>3.3 \u00a0 \u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801 *</li> <li>3.4 \u00a0 \u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801 *</li> <li>3.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/","title":"3.2 \u00a0 \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u8c08\u53ca\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u6587\u672c\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u30013D \u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u5404\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u7531\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6784\u6210\u3002</p> <p>\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f CPU \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>byte</code>\u3001<code>short</code>\u3001<code>int</code>\u3001<code>long</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>float</code>\u3001<code>double</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5c0f\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u578b <code>char</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b <code>bool</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u201c\u662f\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5426\u201d\u5224\u65ad\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4f4d\u5373\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u6bd4\u7279\u3002\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\\(1\\) \u5b57\u8282\uff08byte\uff09\u7531 \\(8\\) \u6bd4\u7279\uff08bits\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\u3002</p> <p>\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee5 Java \u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>byte</code> \u5360\u7528 \\(1\\) byte = \\(8\\) bits \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a \\(2^{8}\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002</li> <li>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>int</code> \u5360\u7528 \\(4\\) bytes = \\(32\\) bits \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a \\(2^{32}\\) \u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8868 3-1 \u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u6b64\u8868\u683c\u65e0\u987b\u786c\u80cc\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u7406\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u8868\u6765\u56de\u5fc6\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 3-1 \u00a0 \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4 </p> \u7c7b\u578b \u7b26\u53f7 \u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4 \u6700\u5c0f\u503c \u6700\u5927\u503c \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c \u6574\u6570 <code>byte</code> 1 byte \\(-2^7\\) (\\(-128\\)) \\(2^7 - 1\\) (\\(127\\)) \\(0\\) <code>short</code> 2 bytes \\(-2^{15}\\) \\(2^{15} - 1\\) \\(0\\) <code>int</code> 4 bytes \\(-2^{31}\\) \\(2^{31} - 1\\) \\(0\\) <code>long</code> 8 bytes \\(-2^{63}\\) \\(2^{63} - 1\\) \\(0\\) \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code> 4 bytes \\(1.175 \\times 10^{-38}\\) \\(3.403 \\times 10^{38}\\) \\(0.0 f\\) <code>double</code> 8 bytes \\(2.225 \\times 10^{-308}\\) \\(1.798 \\times 10^{308}\\) \\(0.0\\) \u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> 2 bytes / 1 byte \\(0\\) \\(2^{16} - 1\\) \\(0\\) \u5e03\u5c14 <code>bool</code> 1 byte \\(\\text{false}\\) \\(\\text{true}\\) \\(\\text{false}\\) <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8868 3-1 \uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>C \u548c C++ \u672a\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u800c\u56e0\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u5e73\u53f0\u5404\u5f02\u3002\u8868 3-1 \u9075\u5faa LP64 \u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u5305\u62ec Linux \u548c macOS \u5728\u5185\u7684 Unix 64 \u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5728 C \u548c C++ \u4e2d\u4e3a 1 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1\u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u201d\u7ae0\u8282\u3002</li> <li>\u5373\u4f7f\u8868\u793a\u5e03\u5c14\u91cf\u4ec5\u9700 1 \u4f4d\uff08\\(0\\) \u6216 \\(1\\)\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a 1 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a CPU \u901a\u5e38\u5c06 1 \u5b57\u8282\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u5c0f\u5bfb\u5740\u5185\u5b58\u5355\u5143\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8054\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u201c\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u800c\u975e\u201c\u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e00\u6392\u6570\u5b57\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u76f8\u90bb\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u987a\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u6574\u6570 <code>int</code>\u3001\u5c0f\u6570 <code>float</code> \u6216\u662f\u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> \uff0c\u5219\u4e0e\u201c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u65e0\u5173\u3002</p> <p>\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u201c\u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u201c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec <code>int</code>\u3001<code>float</code>\u3001<code>char</code>\u3001<code>bool</code> \u7b49\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code># \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nnumbers: list[int] = [0] * 5\ndecimals: list[float] = [0.0] * 5\n# Python \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5e94\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4e00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\ncharacters: list[str] = ['0'] * 5\nbools: list[bool] = [False] * 5\n# Python \u7684\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5b58\u50a8\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f15\u7528\ndata = [0, 0.0, 'a', False, ListNode(0)]\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nint numbers[5];\nfloat decimals[5];\nchar characters[5];\nbool bools[5];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nint[] numbers = new int[5];\nfloat[] decimals = new float[5];\nchar[] characters = new char[5];\nboolean[] bools = new boolean[5];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nint[] numbers = new int[5];\nfloat[] decimals = new float[5];\nchar[] characters = new char[5];\nbool[] bools = new bool[5];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nvar numbers = [5]int{}\nvar decimals = [5]float64{}\nvar characters = [5]byte{}\nvar bools = [5]bool{}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nlet numbers = Array(repeating: Int(), count: 5)\nlet decimals = Array(repeating: Double(), count: 5)\nlet characters = Array(repeating: Character(\"a\"), count: 5)\nlet bools = Array(repeating: Bool(), count: 5)\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// JavaScript \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5b58\u50a8\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\nconst array = [0, 0.0, 'a', false];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nconst numbers: number[] = [];\nconst characters: string[] = [];\nconst bools: boolean[] = [];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nList&lt;int&gt; numbers = List.filled(5, 0);\nList&lt;double&gt; decimals = List.filled(5, 0.0);\nList&lt;String&gt; characters = List.filled(5, 'a');\nList&lt;bool&gt; bools = List.filled(5, false);\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nlet numbers: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = vec![0; 5];\nlet decimals: Vec&lt;float&gt; = vec![0.0, 5];\nlet characters: Vec&lt;char&gt; = vec!['0'; 5];\nlet bools: Vec&lt;bool&gt; = vec![false; 5];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\nint numbers[10];\nfloat decimals[10];\nchar characters[10];\nbool bools[10];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/","title":"3.4 \u00a0 \u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801 *","text":"<p>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u201d\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u8868\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#341-ascii","title":"3.4.1 \u00a0 ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6","text":"<p>\u300cASCII \u7801\u300d\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5168\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 7 \u4f4d\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\uff08\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u4f4e 7 \u4f4d\uff09\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a 128 \u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5982\u56fe 3-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0cASCII \u7801\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3001\u6570\u5b57 0 ~ 9\u3001\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u5982\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u548c\u5236\u8868\u7b26\uff09\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-6 \u00a0 ASCII \u7801 </p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0cASCII \u7801\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u82f1\u6587\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\uff0c\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u66f4\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u300cEASCII\u300d\u3002\u5b83\u5728 ASCII \u7684 7 \u4f4d\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55\u5230 8 \u4f4d\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a 256 \u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u9646\u7eed\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u7684 EASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7684\u524d 128 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a ASCII \u7801\uff0c\u540e 128 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#342-gbk","title":"3.4.2 \u00a0 GBK \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6","text":"<p>\u540e\u6765\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cEASCII \u7801\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6c49\u5b57\u5927\u7ea6\u6709\u8fd1\u5341\u4e07\u4e2a\uff0c\u5149\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u6709\u51e0\u5343\u4e2a\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u603b\u5c40\u4e8e 1980 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u300cGB2312\u300d\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5176\u6536\u5f55\u4e86 6763 \u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u6c49\u5b57\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u9700\u8981\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0cGB2312 \u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7f55\u89c1\u5b57\u548c\u7e41\u4f53\u5b57\u3002\u300cGBK\u300d\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u662f\u5728 GB2312 \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5171\u6536\u5f55\u4e86 21886 \u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\u3002\u5728 GBK \u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0cASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6c49\u5b57\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u8868\u793a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#343-unicode","title":"3.4.3 \u00a0 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6","text":"<p>\u968f\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\u767e\u82b1\u9f50\u653e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e71\u7801\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c31\u5728\u60f3\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u63a8\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8db3\u591f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u7b26\u53f7\u90fd\u6536\u5f55\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u73af\u5883\u548c\u4e71\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u800c\u5168\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6 Unicode \u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u3002</p> <p>\u300cUnicode\u300d\u7684\u5168\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7edf\u4e00\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u201d\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u4e07\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5b83\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5c06\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u6765\u5904\u7406\u548c\u663e\u793a\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e71\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u81ea 1991 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u4ee5\u6765\uff0cUnicode \u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5145\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u622a\u6b62 2022 \u5e74 9 \u6708\uff0cUnicode \u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b 149186 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u5e9e\u5927\u7684 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 2 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u751f\u50fb\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5360 3 \u5b57\u8282\u751a\u81f3 4 \u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>Unicode \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u53f7\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7801\u70b9\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u89c4\u5b9a\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u7801\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7981\u4f1a\u95ee\uff1a\u5f53\u591a\u79cd\u957f\u5ea6\u7684 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6790\u5b57\u7b26\uff1f\u4f8b\u5982\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 2 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u8ba4\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a 2 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u8fd8\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a 1 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff1f</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u7b49\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u5982\u56fe 3-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u201cHello\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 1 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 2 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u4f4d\u586b 0 \uff0c\u5c06\u201cHello \u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a 2 \u5b57\u8282\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u9694 2 \u5b57\u8282\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77ed\u8bed\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-7 \u00a0 Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u7136\u800c ASCII \u7801\u5df2\u7ecf\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u82f1\u6587\u53ea\u9700\u8981 1 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u82e5\u91c7\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u6587\u672c\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f ASCII \u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u4e24\u500d\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6d6a\u8d39\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#344-utf-8","title":"3.4.4 \u00a0 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u76ee\u524d\uff0cUTF-8 \u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684 Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 1 \u5230 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u800c\u53d8\u3002ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u53ea\u9700\u8981 1 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u9700\u8981 2 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u9700\u8981 3 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u751f\u50fb\u5b57\u7b26\u9700\u8981 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>UTF-8 \u7684\u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(0\\)\u3001\u5176\u4f59 7 \u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u5728 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u524d 128 \u4e2a\u7801\u70b9\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cUTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4e0b\u517c\u5bb9 ASCII \u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-8 \u6765\u89e3\u6790\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e45\u8fdc\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u6587\u672c\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u5176\u4e2d \\(n &gt; 1\\)\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u9996\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u9ad8 \\(n\\) \u4f4d\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(1\\)\u3001\u7b2c \\(n + 1\\) \u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff1b\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u9ad8 2 \u4f4d\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(10\\) \uff1b\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u7528\u4e8e\u586b\u5145\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 3-8 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u201cHello\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8 \\(n\\) \u4f4d\u90fd\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(1\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d \\(1\\) \u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u9ad8 2 \u4f4d\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(10\\) \u5462\uff1f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a \\(10\\) \u80fd\u591f\u8d77\u5230\u6821\u9a8c\u7b26\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5f00\u59cb\u89e3\u6790\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5b57\u8282\u5934\u90e8\u7684 \\(10\\) \u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002</p> <p>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5c06 \\(10\\) \u5f53\u4f5c\u6821\u9a8c\u7b26\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4e24\u4f4d\u662f \\(10\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4e24\u4f4d\u662f \\(10\\) \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(1\\) \uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 ASCII \u7801\u3002\u800c ASCII \u7801\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f \\(0\\) \uff0c\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u77db\u76fe\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-8 \u00a0 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u9664\u4e86 UTF-8 \u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 2 \u6216 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684 ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u975e\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u90fd\u7528 2 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u8868\u793a\uff1b\u5c11\u6570\u5b57\u7b26\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e 2 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0cUTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u4e0e Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>UTF-32 \u7f16\u7801\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 UTF-32 \u4f1a\u6bd4 UTF-8 \u548c UTF-16 \u66f4\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-8 \u8868\u793a\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4ec5\u9700 1 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u67d0\u4e9b\u975e\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4e2d\u6587\uff09\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ea\u9700\u8981 2 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u800c UTF-8 \u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981 3 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0cUTF-8 \u7684\u901a\u7528\u6027\u6700\u4f73\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\u90fd\u4f18\u5148\u652f\u6301 UTF-8 \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/#345","title":"3.4.5 \u00a0 \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u90fd\u91c7\u7528 UTF-16 \u6216 UTF-32 \u8fd9\u7c7b\u7b49\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u5728\u7b49\u957f\u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u770b\u4f5c\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee: UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002UTF-8 \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u957f\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u8981\u627e\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\u904d\u5386\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u8ba1\u6570: \u4e0e\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97 UTF-16 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c: \u5728 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u5206\u5272\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u5728 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u65e0\u6548\u7684 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Java \u7684 <code>String</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 2 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Java \u8bed\u8a00\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a 16 \u4f4d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u540e\u6765 Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc7 16 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 Java \u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e00\u5bf9 16 \u4f4d\u7684\u503c\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u201d\uff09\u8868\u793a\u3002</li> <li>JavaScript \u548c TypeScript \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e0e Java \u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u5f53 JavaScript \u8bed\u8a00\u5728 1995 \u5e74\u88ab Netscape \u516c\u53f8\u9996\u6b21\u5f15\u5165\u65f6\uff0cUnicode \u8fd8\u5904\u4e8e\u76f8\u5bf9\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528 16 \u4f4d\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5c31\u8db3\u591f\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>C# \u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u4e3a .NET \u5e73\u53f0\u662f\u7531 Microsoft \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u800c Microsoft \u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec Windows \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u90fd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4f4e\u4f30\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8d85\u8fc7 16 \u4f4d\u957f\u5ea6\u7684 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u4e3a\u4e4b\u7684\u65e0\u5948\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u53ef\u80fd\u5360\u7528 2 \u5b57\u8282\u6216 4 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u7b49\u957f\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c Debug \u96be\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>\u51fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Python \u4e2d\u7684 <code>str</code> \u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u957f\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002\u82e5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u5168\u90e8\u662f ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5219\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 1 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86 ASCII \u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5168\u90e8\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u5e73\u9762\uff08BMP\uff09\u5185\uff0c\u5219\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 2 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8d85\u51fa BMP \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5219\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5360\u7528 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002</li> <li>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u7684 <code>string</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>rune</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5355\u4e2a Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>Rust \u8bed\u8a00\u7684 str \u548c String \u7c7b\u578b\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002Rust \u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5355\u4e2a Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u6216\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a UTF-8 \u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/","title":"3.1 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u7c7b","text":"<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u201c\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/#311","title":"3.1.1 \u00a0 \u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027","text":"<p>\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u9876\u90e8\u5411\u4e0b\u6309\u5c42\u6b21\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7956\u5148\u4e0e\u540e\u4ee3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u56fe\u5219\u7531\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 3-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u201d\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u636e\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u6392\u5217\uff1b\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u5219\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5448\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6392\u5217\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002</li> <li>\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-1 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 </p> <p>\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7f51\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u6808\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li>\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li>\u7f51\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u56fe\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/#312","title":"3.1.2 \u00a0 \u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0e\u5206\u6563","text":"<p>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u786c\u76d8\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u786c\u76d8\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bb9\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230 TB \u7ea7\u522b\uff09\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u6162\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u6682\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u5bb9\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a GB \u7ea7\u522b\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u56fe 3-2 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u6761\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9ed1\u8272\u65b9\u5757\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684 Excel \u8868\u683c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d\u3002</p> <p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u56fe 3-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5206\u914d\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u90fd\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-2 \u00a0 \u5185\u5b58\u6761\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740 </p> <p>\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5f53\u67d0\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u88ab\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5360\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5cf0\u503c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8d85\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7f3a\u5c11\u8fde\u7eed\u5927\u5757\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u9009\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5206\u6563\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 3-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u548c\u5206\u6563\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u589e\u5220\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u65b9\u9762\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-3 \u00a0 \u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u5206\u6563\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8 </p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6808\u548c\u961f\u5217\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1b\u800c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u3001\u77e9\u9635\u3001\u5f20\u91cf\uff08\u7ef4\u5ea6 \\(\\geq 3\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9759\u6001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6b64\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u611f\u89c9\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u7406\u89e3\u8d77\u6765\u6709\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u9605\u8bfb\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u56de\u987e\u672c\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/","title":"3.3 \u00a0 \u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801 *","text":"<p>Note</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6807\u9898\u5e26\u6709\u7684 * \u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u662f\u9009\u8bfb\u7ae0\u8282\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u9650\u6216\u611f\u5230\u7406\u89e3\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\uff0c\u7b49\u5b66\u5b8c\u5fc5\u8bfb\u7ae0\u8282\u540e\u518d\u5355\u72ec\u653b\u514b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/#331","title":"3.3.1 \u00a0 \u6574\u6570\u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u7684\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u7684\u8d1f\u6570\u90fd\u6bd4\u6b63\u6570\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>byte</code> \u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u662f \\([-128, 127]\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u6bd4\u8f83\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5728\u539f\u56e0\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u3001\u8865\u7801\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p> <p>\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u4ee5\u201c\u8865\u7801\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u539f\u7801\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u89c6\u4e3a\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(0\\) \u8868\u793a\u6b63\u6570\uff0c\\(1\\) \u8868\u793a\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u53cd\u7801\uff1a\u6b63\u6570\u7684\u53cd\u7801\u4e0e\u5176\u539f\u7801\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u53cd\u7801\u662f\u5bf9\u5176\u539f\u7801\u9664\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u53d6\u53cd\u3002</li> <li>\u8865\u7801\uff1a\u6b63\u6570\u7684\u8865\u7801\u4e0e\u5176\u539f\u7801\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u8865\u7801\u662f\u5728\u5176\u53cd\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u52a0 \\(1\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 3-4 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-4 \u00a0 \u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u4e0e\u8865\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u6362 </p> <p>\u300c\u539f\u7801 true form\u300d\u867d\u7136\u6700\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u539f\u7801\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u539f\u7801\u4e0b\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(1 + (-2)\\) \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f \\(-3\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} &amp; 1 + (-2) \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow 0000 \\; 0001 + 1000 \\; 0010 \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0011 \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow -3 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u300c\u53cd\u7801 1's complement code\u300d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u5c06\u539f\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53cd\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53cd\u7801\u4e0b\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(1 + (-2)\\) \uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4ece\u53cd\u7801\u8f6c\u5316\u56de\u539f\u7801\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7ed3\u679c \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} &amp; 1 + (-2) \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow 0000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} + 1000 \\; 0010 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 0000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} + 1111  \\; 1101 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1111 \\; 1110 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow -1 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u96f6\u7684\u539f\u7801\u6709 \\(+0\\) \u548c \\(-0\\) \u4e24\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6570\u5b57\u96f6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u6b67\u4e49\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u5206\u6b63\u96f6\u548c\u8d1f\u96f6\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5224\u65ad\u7ed3\u679c\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u96f6\u548c\u8d1f\u96f6\u6b67\u4e49\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} +0 &amp; \\rightarrow 0000 \\; 0000 \\newline -0 &amp; \\rightarrow 1000 \\; 0000 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u4e0e\u539f\u7801\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53cd\u7801\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u8d1f\u96f6\u6b67\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u300c\u8865\u7801 2's complement code\u300d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e0b\u8d1f\u96f6\u7684\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u3001\u8865\u7801\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} -0 \\rightarrow \\; &amp; 1000 \\; 0000 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} \\newline = \\; &amp; 1111 \\; 1111 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} \\newline = 1 \\; &amp; 0000 \\; 0000 \\; \\text{(\u8865\u7801)} \\newline \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u5728\u8d1f\u96f6\u7684\u53cd\u7801\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u52a0 \\(1\\) \u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8fdb\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46 <code>byte</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u53ea\u6709 8 \u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ea2\u51fa\u5230\u7b2c 9 \u4f4d\u7684 \\(1\\) \u4f1a\u88ab\u820d\u5f03\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d1f\u96f6\u7684\u8865\u7801\u4e3a \\(0000 \\; 0000\\) \uff0c\u4e0e\u6b63\u96f6\u7684\u8865\u7801\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u96f6\uff0c\u6b63\u8d1f\u96f6\u6b67\u4e49\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd8\u5269\u4f59\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7591\u60d1\uff1a<code>byte</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u662f \\([-128, 127]\\) \uff0c\u591a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u6570 \\(-128\\) \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u533a\u95f4 \\([-127, +127]\\) \u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6574\u6570\u90fd\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u539f\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8865\u7801 \\(1000 \\; 0000\\) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u539f\u7801\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u8865\u7801\u7684\u539f\u7801\u4e3a \\(0000 \\; 0000\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u539f\u7801\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57 \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8865\u7801\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c4\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8865\u7801 \\(1000 \\; 0000\\) \u4ee3\u8868 \\(-128\\) \u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\\((-1) + (-127)\\) \u5728\u8865\u7801\u4e0b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f \\(-128\\) \u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} &amp; (-127) + (-1) \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow 1111 \\; 1111 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} + 1000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u539f\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0000 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} + 1111  \\; 1110 \\; \\text{(\u53cd\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0001 \\; \\text{(\u8865\u7801)} + 1111  \\; 1111 \\; \\text{(\u8865\u7801)} \\newline &amp; = 1000 \\; 0000 \\; \\text{(\u8865\u7801)} \\newline &amp; \\rightarrow -128 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u90fd\u662f\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u8fd9\u6697\u793a\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd0\u7b97\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u4e58\u6cd5\u3001\u9664\u6cd5\u548c\u51cf\u6cd5\uff09\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd0\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ea\u80fd\u505a\u52a0\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u52a0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51cf\u6cd5 \\(a - b\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u52a0\u6cd5 \\(a + (-b)\\) \uff1b\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e58\u6cd5\u548c\u9664\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u591a\u6b21\u52a0\u6cd5\u6216\u51cf\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u8865\u7801\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7535\u8def\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u6570\u548c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\u6765\u5904\u7406\u51cf\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u65e0\u987b\u7279\u522b\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u8d1f\u96f6\u7684\u6b67\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8fd0\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u8865\u7801\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u5999\uff0c\u56e0\u7bc7\u5e45\u5173\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e86\u89e3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/#332","title":"3.3.2 \u00a0 \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a<code>int</code> \u548c <code>float</code> \u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f 4 bytes \uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 <code>float</code> \u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e <code>int</code> \uff1f\u8fd9\u975e\u5e38\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6309\u7406\u8bf4 <code>float</code> \u9700\u8981\u8868\u793a\u5c0f\u6570\uff0c\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u5e94\u8be5\u53d8\u5c0f\u624d\u5bf9\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code> \u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8bb0\u4e00\u4e2a 32-bit \u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ b_{31} b_{30} b_{29} \\ldots b_2 b_1 b_0 \\] <p>\u6839\u636e IEEE 754 \u6807\u51c6\uff0c32-bit \u957f\u5ea6\u7684 <code>float</code> \u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u6784\u6210\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{S}\\) \uff1a\u5360 1 bit \uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 \\(b_{31}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u6570\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{E}\\) \uff1a\u5360 8 bits \uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 \\(b_{30} b_{29} \\ldots b_{23}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5206\u6570\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{N}\\) \uff1a\u5360 23 bits \uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 \\(b_{22} b_{21} \\ldots b_0\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570 <code>float</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> \\[ \\text {val} = (-1)^{b_{31}} \\times 2^{\\left(b_{30} b_{29} \\ldots b_{23}\\right)_2-127} \\times\\left(1 . b_{22} b_{21} \\ldots b_0\\right)_2 \\] <p>\u8f6c\u5316\u5230\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a</p> \\[ \\text {val}=(-1)^{\\mathrm{S}} \\times 2^{\\mathrm{E} -127} \\times (1 + \\mathrm{N}) \\] <p>\u5176\u4e2d\u5404\u9879\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\mathrm{S} \\in &amp; \\{ 0, 1\\}, \\quad \\mathrm{E} \\in \\{ 1, 2, \\dots, 254 \\} \\newline (1 + \\mathrm{N}) = &amp; (1 + \\sum_{i=1}^{23} b_{23-i} 2^{-i}) \\subset [1, 2 - 2^{-23}] \\end{aligned} \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 3-5 \u00a0 IEEE 754 \u6807\u51c6\u4e0b\u7684 float \u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 3-5 \uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e \\(\\mathrm{S} = 0\\) \uff0c \\(\\mathrm{E} = 124\\) \uff0c\\(\\mathrm{N} = 2^{-2} + 2^{-3} = 0.375\\) \uff0c\u5219\u6709\uff1a</p> \\[ \\text { val } = (-1)^0 \\times 2^{124 - 127} \\times (1 + 0.375) = 0.171875 \\] <p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u6700\u521d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<code>float</code> \u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u542b\u6307\u6570\u4f4d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e <code>int</code> \u3002\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c<code>float</code> \u53ef\u8868\u793a\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6b63\u6570\u4e3a \\(2^{254 - 127} \\times (2 - 2^{-23}) \\approx 3.4 \\times 10^{38}\\) \uff0c\u5207\u6362\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u4fbf\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u8d1f\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code> \u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b <code>int</code> \u5c06\u5168\u90e8 32 \u4f4d\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u6307\u6570\u4f4d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code> \u7684\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u76f8\u90bb\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u503c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d8b\u5411\u8d8a\u5927\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u8868 3-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u4f4d \\(E = 0\\) \u548c \\(E = 255\\) \u5177\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u96f6\u3001\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u3001\\(\\mathrm{NaN}\\) \u7b49\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 3-2 \u00a0 \u6307\u6570\u4f4d\u542b\u4e49 </p> \u6307\u6570\u4f4d E \u5206\u6570\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{N} = 0\\) \u5206\u6570\u4f4d \\(\\mathrm{N} \\ne 0\\) \u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f \\(0\\) \\(\\pm 0\\) \u6b21\u6b63\u89c4\u6570 \\((-1)^{\\mathrm{S}} \\times 2^{-126} \\times (0.\\mathrm{N})\\) \\(1, 2, \\dots, 254\\) \u6b63\u89c4\u6570 \u6b63\u89c4\u6570 \\((-1)^{\\mathrm{S}} \\times 2^{(\\mathrm{E} -127)} \\times (1.\\mathrm{N})\\) \\(255\\) \\(\\pm \\infty\\) \\(\\mathrm{NaN}\\) <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6b21\u6b63\u89c4\u6570\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u6700\u5c0f\u6b63\u6b63\u89c4\u6570\u4e3a \\(2^{-126}\\) \uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u6b63\u6b21\u6b63\u89c4\u6570\u4e3a \\(2^{-126} \\times 2^{-23}\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6 <code>double</code> \u4e5f\u91c7\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c <code>float</code> \u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u505a\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/summary/","title":"3.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u4e24\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u7ebf\u6027\u3001\u6811\u72b6\u548c\u7f51\u72b6\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\uff09\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\uff08\u6811\u3001\u56fe\u3001\u5806\uff09\u4e24\u79cd\u3002\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u7ebf\u6027\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u548c\u5206\u6563\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u3002\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u6574\u6570 <code>byte</code>\u3001<code>short</code>\u3001<code>int</code>\u3001<code>long</code> \uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 <code>float</code>\u3001<code>double</code> \uff0c\u5b57\u7b26 <code>char</code> \u548c\u5e03\u5c14 <code>boolean</code> \u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u539f\u7801\u3001\u53cd\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\u662f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7f16\u7801\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u3002\u6574\u6570\u7684\u539f\u7801\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u662f\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u4f4d\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u6574\u6570\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u662f\u4ee5\u8865\u7801\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6b63\u6570\u548c\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\u4e00\u89c6\u540c\u4ec1\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u51cf\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u72ec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u8d1f\u96f6\u6b67\u4e49\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u7531 1 \u4f4d\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u30018 \u4f4d\u6307\u6570\u4f4d\u548c 23 \u4f4d\u5206\u6570\u4f4d\u6784\u6210\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u6570\u4f4d\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>ASCII \u7801\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5171\u6536\u5f55 127 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002GBK \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5171\u6536\u5f55\u4e24\u4e07\u591a\u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\u3002Unicode \u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6536\u5f55\u4e16\u754c\u5185\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u89e3\u51b3\u7531\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e71\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>UTF-8 \u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684 Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u7528\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u3002UTF-16 \u548c UTF-32 \u662f\u7b49\u957f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u6587\u65f6\uff0cUTF-16 \u6bd4 UTF-8 \u7684\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u66f4\u5c0f\u3002Java \u548c C# \u7b49\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_data_structure/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1f</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u201d\uff08\u540e\u7eed\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7ae0\u8282\u4f1a\u8bb2\uff09\u3002\u5728\u62c9\u94fe\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6876\uff09\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\uff1b\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6811\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u7ebf\u6027\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\uff08\u6811\uff09\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p><code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 1 byte \u5417\uff1f</p> <p><code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u7531\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cJava\u3001JS\u3001TS\u3001C# \u90fd\u91c7\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff08\u4fdd\u5b58 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 char \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 2 bytes \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/","title":"\u7b2c 12 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u96be\u9898\u88ab\u9010\u5c42\u62c6\u89e3\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u62c6\u89e3\u90fd\u4f7f\u5b83\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u3002</p> <p>\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u505a\u8d77\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4e0d\u518d\u590d\u6742\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>12.1 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>12.2 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u641c\u7d22\u7b56\u7565</li> <li>12.3 \u00a0 \u6784\u5efa\u6811\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>12.4 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>12.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/","title":"12.2 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u641c\u7d22\u7b56\u7565","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b66\u8fc7\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22\uff1a\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u7279\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u5148\u9a8c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u751a\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u6811\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6216\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</li> <li>\u6811\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u3001AVL \u6811\u3001\u5806\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7686\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\uff09\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff1a\u5728\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ea\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u53d7\u53e6\u5916\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u65e0\u987b\u5408\u5e76\uff1a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u65e8\u5728\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\u3002\u5f53\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u65f6\uff0c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5206\u6cbb\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u5347\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ea\u80fd\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u5206\u6cbb\u641c\u7d22\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u534a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e8c\u5206","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u63a8\uff08\u8fed\u4ee3\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\uff08\u9012\u5f52\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u8bf7\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u5206\u6cbb\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, j]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(f(i, j)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u539f\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(0, n-1)\\) \u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, j]\\) \u7684\u4e2d\u70b9 \\(m\\) \uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5b83\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u534a\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u6c42\u89e3\u89c4\u6a21\u51cf\u5c0f\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a \\(f(i, m-1)\\) \u6216 \\(f(m+1, j)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u7b2c <code>1.</code> \u548c <code>2.</code> \u6b65\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230 <code>target</code> \u6216\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u56fe 12-4 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 \\(6\\) \u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570 <code>dfs()</code> \u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(i, j)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_recur.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binary_search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.java<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_recur}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{binary_search_recur}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.cs<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_recur}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{binary_search_recur}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binary_search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search_recur.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/","title":"12.3 \u00a0 \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>preorder</code> \u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>inorder</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u4ece\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-5 \u00a0 \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5206\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4ece <code>preorder</code> \u548c <code>inorder</code> \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u4ece\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u6811\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5212\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u6811\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u7a7a\u5b50\u6811\uff09\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea4\u96c6\u3002\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u4e0e\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u540c\u7406\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u5212\u5206\u5b50\u6811","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>preorder</code> \u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>inorder</code> \u6765\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c<code>preorder</code> \u548c <code>inorder</code> \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a<code>[ \u6839\u8282\u70b9 | \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 | \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 ]</code> \uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe 12-5 \u7684\u6811\u5bf9\u5e94 <code>[ 3 | 9 | 2 1 7 ]</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a<code>[ \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 | \u6839\u8282\u70b9 \uff5c \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 ]</code> \uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe 12-5 \u7684\u6811\u5bf9\u5e94 <code>[ 9 | 3 | 1 2 7 ]</code> \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u56fe\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe 12-6 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5f97\u5230\u5212\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u9996\u5143\u7d20 3 \u662f\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u6839\u8282\u70b9 3 \u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u5c06 <code>inorder</code> \u5212\u5206\u4e3a <code>[ 9 | 3 \uff5c 1 2 7 ]</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u6839\u636e <code>inorder</code> \u5212\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6613\u5f97\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u5206\u522b\u4e3a 1 \u548c 3 \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u5c06 <code>preorder</code> \u5212\u5206\u4e3a <code>[ 3 | 9 | 2 1 7 ]</code> \u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-6 \u00a0 \u5728\u524d\u5e8f\u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u5212\u5206\u5b50\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u53d8\u91cf\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b50\u6811\u533a\u95f4","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5212\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f97\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u5728 <code>preorder</code> \u548c <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u3002\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>preorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(i\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(m\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6811\u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([l, r]\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u8868 12-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53d8\u91cf\u5373\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>preorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b50\u6811\u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 12-1 \u00a0 \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5b50\u6811\u5728\u524d\u5e8f\u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 </p> \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>preorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 \u5b50\u6811\u5728 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4 \u5f53\u524d\u6811 \\(i\\) \\([l, r]\\) \u5de6\u5b50\u6811 \\(i + 1\\) \\([l, m-1]\\) \u53f3\u5b50\u6811 \\(i + 1 + (m - l)\\) \\([m+1, r]\\) <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u7684 \\((m-l)\\) \u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u914d\u5408\u56fe 12-7 \u7406\u89e3\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-7 \u00a0 \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u8868\u793a </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u8be2 \\(m\\) \u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>hmap</code> \u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u7ec4 <code>inorder</code> \u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig build_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{build_tree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{build_tree}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{build_tree}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{build_tree}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{build_tree}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfsBuildTree}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{build_tree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> build_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 12-8 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5728\u5411\u4e0b\u201c\u9012\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5404\u6761\u8fb9\uff08\u5373\u5f15\u7528\uff09\u662f\u5728\u5411\u4e0a\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-8 \u00a0 \u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u7684\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>preorder</code> \u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>inorder</code> \u7684\u5212\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u56fe 12-9 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-9 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u5212\u5206\u7ed3\u679c </p> <p>\u8bbe\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570 <code>dfs()</code> \uff09\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5b58\u50a8 <code>inorder</code> \u5143\u7d20\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u8fbe\u5230 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/","title":"12.1 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u5206\u6cbb divide and conquer\u300d\uff0c\u5168\u79f0\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u4e14\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5206\u6cbb\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u5206\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6cbb\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5206\uff08\u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\uff09\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5230\u8fbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002</li> <li>\u6cbb\uff08\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\uff09\uff1a\u4ece\u5df2\u77e5\u89e3\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5730\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5982\u56fe 12-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5206\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u53ea\u5269\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u6cbb\uff1a\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5730\u5c06\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-1 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#1211","title":"12.1.1 \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u5206\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5224\u65ad\u4f9d\u636e\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u89c4\u6a21\u66f4\u5c0f\u3001\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5212\u5206\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff1a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u72ec\u7acb\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\uff1a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u5e76\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u5f97\u6765\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u6761\u5224\u65ad\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u884c\u6c42\u89e3\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff09\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#1212","title":"12.1.2 \u00a0 \u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6cbb\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387","text":"<p>\u5206\u6cbb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u6765\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u5728\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u5192\u6ce1\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7981\u53d1\u95ee\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5206\u6cbb\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u6b65\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u51b3\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u4ee5\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u7167\u56fe 12-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5219\u5212\u5206\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981 \\(O((n / 2)^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ O(n + (\\frac{n}{2})^2 \\times 2 + n) = O(\\frac{n^2}{2} + 2n) \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-2 \u00a0 \u5212\u5206\u6570\u7ec4\u524d\u540e\u7684\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f </p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba1\u7b97\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u53f3\u8fb9\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5212\u5206\u524d\u548c\u5212\u5206\u540e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u603b\u6570\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} n^2 &amp; &gt; \\frac{n^2}{2} + 2n \\newline n^2 - \\frac{n^2}{2} - 2n &amp; &gt; 0 \\newline n(n - 4) &amp; &gt; 0 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f53 \\(n &gt; 4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5212\u5206\u540e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u6548\u7387\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5212\u5206\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5e73\u65b9\u9636 \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u53d8\u5c0f\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u60f3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u518d\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u53ea\u5269\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\u5212\u5206\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u8def\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u518d\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u591a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u51e0\u4e2a\u5212\u5206\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u5e73\u5747\u5212\u5206\u4e3a \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0e\u201c\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u6392\u5e8f\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(n + k)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u884c\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u5e76\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u5728\u591a\u6838\u6216\u591a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5c24\u5176\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u5145\u5206\u5730\u5229\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u56fe 12-3 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u201c\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u6240\u6709\u6876\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u6563\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-3 \u00a0 \u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/#1213","title":"12.1.3 \u00a0 \u5206\u6cbb\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8bb8\u591a\u7ecf\u5178\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u8fd1\u70b9\u5bf9\uff1a\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u70b9\u96c6\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u522b\u627e\u51fa\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u70b9\u5bf9\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u627e\u51fa\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u70b9\u5bf9\u3002</li> <li>\u5927\u6574\u6570\u4e58\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982 Karatsuba \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5c06\u5927\u6574\u6570\u4e58\u6cd5\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6574\u6570\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\u548c\u52a0\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982 Strassen \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5c06\u5927\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\u548c\u52a0\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> <li>\u6c42\u89e3\u9006\u5e8f\u5bf9\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5927\u4e8e\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9006\u5e8f\u5bf9\u3002\u6c42\u89e3\u9006\u5e8f\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6c42\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u5c06\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u6807\u503c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u7d20\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6392\u9664\u54ea\u4e00\u534a\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5269\u4f59\u533a\u95f4\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u5934\u5df2\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</li> <li>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\u5c0f\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\u5927\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d6\u51fa\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u6811\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u3001AVL \u6811\u3001\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u3001B \u6811\u3001B+ \u6811\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u5806\uff1a\u5806\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5176\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u548c\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u90fd\u9690\u542b\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u5e94\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f46\u67d0\u4e9b\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3\u7b56\u7565\u95f4\u63a5\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7684\u957f\u94fe\u8868\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u6da6\u7269\u7ec6\u65e0\u58f0\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u9690\u542b\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/","title":"12.4 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u5728\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e09\u6839\u67f1\u5b50\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>A</code>\u3001<code>B</code> \u548c <code>C</code> \u3002\u8d77\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u67f1\u5b50 <code>A</code> \u4e0a\u5957\u7740 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u6309\u7167\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u8981\u628a\u8fd9 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u79fb\u5230\u67f1\u5b50 <code>C</code> \u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u539f\u6709\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u5706\u76d8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5b88\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5706\u76d8\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\u9876\u90e8\u62ff\u51fa\uff0c\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\u9876\u90e8\u653e\u5165\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u3002</li> <li>\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u5fc5\u987b\u65f6\u523b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5927\u5706\u76d8\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-10 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a \\(i\\) \u7684\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u8bb0\u505a \\(f(i)\\) \u3002\u4f8b\u5982 \\(f(3)\\) \u4ee3\u8868\u5c06 \\(3\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u7684\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8003\u8651\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 12-11 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(1)\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-11 \u00a0 \u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a 1 \u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 12-12 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(2)\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8981\u65f6\u523b\u6ee1\u8db3\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u5728\u5927\u5706\u76d8\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9 <code>B</code> \u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u79fb\u52a8\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5148\u5c06\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u518d\u5c06\u5927\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u5c0f\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>B</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-12 \u00a0 \u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a 2 \u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 </p> <p>\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(2)\\) \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\uff1a\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 <code>B</code> \u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>C</code> \u79f0\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u67f1\u3001<code>B</code> \u79f0\u4e3a\u7f13\u51b2\u67f1\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(3)\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u65f6\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u53d8\u5f97\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5df2\u77e5 \\(f(1)\\) \u548c \\(f(2)\\) \u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ece\u5206\u6cbb\u89d2\u5ea6\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5c06 <code>A</code> \u9876\u90e8\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u770b\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u56fe 12-13 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e09\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u5c31\u88ab\u987a\u5229\u5730\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u4e86\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u4ee4 <code>B</code> \u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u67f1\u3001<code>C</code> \u4e3a\u7f13\u51b2\u67f1\uff0c\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 <code>A</code> \u4e2d\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u76f4\u63a5\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u4ee4 <code>C</code> \u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u67f1\u3001<code>A</code> \u4e3a\u7f13\u51b2\u67f1\uff0c\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>B</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-13 \u00a0 \u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a 3 \u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 </p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(3)\\) \u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(2)\\) \u548c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(1)\\) \u3002\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u968f\u4e4b\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u89e3\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u56fe 12-14 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n)\\) \u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n-1)\\) \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(1)\\) \uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u987a\u5e8f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06 \\(n-1\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 <code>C</code> \u4ece <code>A</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u5269\u4f59 \\(1\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u4ece <code>A</code> \u76f4\u63a5\u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 \\(n-1\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9 <code>A</code> \u4ece <code>B</code> \u79fb\u81f3 <code>C</code> \u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(n-1)\\) \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(f(1)\\) \u3002\u800c \\(f(1)\\) \u7684\u89e3\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-14 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570 <code>dfs(i, src, buf, tar)</code> \uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u67f1 <code>src</code> \u9876\u90e8\u7684 \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u501f\u52a9\u7f13\u51b2\u67f1 <code>buf</code> \u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u76ee\u6807\u67f1 <code>tar</code> \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hanota.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solve_hanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.java<pre><code>[class]{hanota}-[func]{move}\n[class]{hanota}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{hanota}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.cs<pre><code>[class]{hanota}-[func]{move}\n[class]{hanota}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{hanota}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfsHanota}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move_pan}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solve_hanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> hanota.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{move}\n[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{solveHanota}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 12-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u542f\u7684 <code>dfs()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^n)\\) \uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 12-15 \u00a0 \u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p> <p>Quote</p> <p>\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u6e90\u81ea\u4e00\u79cd\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5728\u53e4\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bfa\u5e99\u91cc\uff0c\u50e7\u4fa3\u4eec\u6709\u4e09\u6839\u9ad8\u5927\u7684\u94bb\u77f3\u67f1\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca \\(64\\) \u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u91d1\u5706\u76d8\u3002\u50e7\u4fa3\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u79fb\u52a8\u539f\u76d8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u76d8\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u50e7\u4fa3\u4eec\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u9700\u8981\u5927\u7ea6 \\(2^{64} \\approx 1.84\u00d710^{19}\\) \u79d2\uff0c\u5408\u7ea6 \\(5850\\) \u4ebf\u5e74\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u5b87\u5b99\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5018\u82e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u8bf4\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u62c5\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c\u672b\u65e5\u7684\u5230\u6765\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_divide_and_conquer/summary/","title":"12.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5206\uff08\u5212\u5206\uff09\u548c\u6cbb\uff08\u5408\u5e76\uff09\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u5426\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u3001\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u7b49\u957f\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u53ea\u5269\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u5c42\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u5f15\u5165\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u6765\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u540e\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002</li> <li>\u5206\u6cbb\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8bb8\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5904\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\u5176\u8eab\u5f71\u3002</li> <li>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52\u5206\u6cbb\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u6811\uff08\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\uff08\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5212\u5206\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u533a\u95f4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a \\(n-1\\) \u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u968f\u4e4b\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/","title":"\u7b2c 14 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5c0f\u6eaa\u6c47\u5165\u6cb3\u6d41\uff0c\u6c5f\u6cb3\u6c47\u5165\u5927\u6d77\u3002</p> <p>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5c06\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6c47\u96c6\u6210\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u5f15\u9886\u6211\u4eec\u8d70\u5411\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f7c\u5cb8\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>14.1 \u00a0 \u521d\u63a2\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212</li> <li>14.2 \u00a0 DP \u95ee\u9898\u7279\u6027</li> <li>14.3 \u00a0 DP \u89e3\u9898\u601d\u8def</li> <li>14.4 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>14.5 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>14.6 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>14.7 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/","title":"14.2 \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u7279\u6027","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u4e2d\u7684\u4fa7\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u56de\u6eaf\u4e2d\u5408\u5e76\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e5f\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u89e3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u548c\u56de\u9000\u4e2d\u7a77\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u526a\u679d\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u3002\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u51b3\u7b56\u6b65\u9aa4\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u770b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u5927\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/#1421","title":"14.2.1 \u00a0 \u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u7a0d\u4f5c\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5408\u5c55\u793a\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u6982\u5ff5\u3002</p> <p>\u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8005 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u9636\u697c\u68af\u4e0a\u90fd\u8d34\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u5728\u8be5\u53f0\u9636\u6240\u9700\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 \\(cost\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(cost[i]\\) \u8868\u793a\u5728\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u53f0\u9636\u9700\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\\(cost[0]\\) \u4e3a\u5730\u9762\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\u3002\u8bf7\u8ba1\u7b97\u6700\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u591a\u5c11\u4ee3\u4ef7\u624d\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\u9876\u90e8\uff1f</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u82e5\u7b2c \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u9636\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(1\\)\u3001\\(10\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u5730\u9762\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(3\\) \u9636\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-6 \u00a0 \u722c\u5230\u7b2c 3 \u9636\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7 </p> <p>\u8bbe \\(dp[i]\\) \u4e3a\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u7d2f\u8ba1\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece \\(i - 1\\) \u9636\u6216 \\(i - 2\\) \u9636\u8d70\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 \\(dp[i]\\) \u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(dp[i - 1] + cost[i]\\) \u6216 \\(dp[i - 2] + cost[i]\\) \u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u4e24\u8005\u4e2d\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i] = \\min(dp[i-1], dp[i-2]) + cost[i] \\] <p>\u8fd9\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u662f\u4ece\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6784\u5efa\u5f97\u6765\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u663e\u7136\u5177\u6709\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u6700\u4f18\u89e3 \\(dp[i-1]\\) \u548c \\(dp[i-2]\\) \u4e2d\u6311\u9009\u51fa\u8f83\u4f18\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u5b83\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u539f\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i]\\) \u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e0a\u8282\u7684\u722c\u697c\u68af\u9898\u76ee\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u5462\uff1f\u5b83\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6362\u4e00\u79cd\u95ee\u6cd5\uff1a\u201c\u6c42\u89e3\u6700\u5927\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u610f\u5916\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u9898\u76ee\u4fee\u6539\u524d\u540e\u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u6d6e\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff1a\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u9636\u6700\u5927\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u7b2c \\(n-1\\) \u9636\u548c\u7b2c \\(n-2\\) \u9636\u6700\u5927\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u548c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001 \\(dp[1] = cost[1]\\) \u548c \\(dp[2] = cost[2]\\) \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java<pre><code>[class]{min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs<pre><code>[class]{min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-7 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-7 \u00a0 \u722c\u697c\u68af\u6700\u5c0f\u4ee3\u4ef7\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u7ef4\u538b\u7f29\u81f3\u96f6\u7ef4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java<pre><code>[class]{min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs<pre><code>[class]{min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/#1422","title":"14.2.2 \u00a0 \u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027","text":"<p>\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u53ea\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u8fc7\u53bb\u6240\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u7684\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u65e0\u5173\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u72b6\u6001 \\(i+1\\) \u548c\u72b6\u6001 \\(i+2\\) \uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u6b65\u548c\u8df3 \\(2\\) \u6b65\u3002\u5728\u505a\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u8003\u8651\u72b6\u6001 \\(i\\) \u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u72b6\u6001 \\(i\\) \u7684\u672a\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u697c\u68af</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u9636\u7684\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8005 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u8f6e\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\uff0c\u8bf7\u95ee\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u722c\u5230\u697c\u9876\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe 14-8 \uff0c\u722c\u4e0a\u7b2c \\(3\\) \u9636\u4ec5\u5269 \\(2\\) \u79cd\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u4e09\u6b21\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u820d\u5f03\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-8 \u00a0 \u5e26\u7ea6\u675f\u722c\u5230\u7b2c 3 \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf </p> <p>\u5728\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u662f\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8df3 \\(2\\) \u9636\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u80fd\u7531\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u697c\u68af\u9636\u6570\uff09\u72ec\u7acb\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd8\u548c\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u4e0a\u8f6e\u697c\u68af\u9636\u6570\uff09\u6709\u5173\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b \\(dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\\) \u4e5f\u5931\u6548\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a \\(dp[i-1]\\) \u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u8f6e\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u201c\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u6765\u7684\u201d\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06 \\(dp[i-1]\\) \u76f4\u63a5\u8ba1\u5165 \\(dp[i]\\) \u4e2d\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5c55\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u8868\u793a\u5904\u5728\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3\u4e86 \\(j\\) \u9636\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(j \\in \\{1, 2\\}\\) \u3002\u6b64\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u6709\u6548\u5730\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3\u4e86 \\(1\\) \u9636\u8fd8\u662f \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u636e\u6b64\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5f53\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3\u4e86 \\(1\\) \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u8df3 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u5373 \\(dp[i, 1]\\) \u53ea\u80fd\u4ece \\(dp[i-1, 2]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u6765\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u8df3\u4e86 \\(2\\) \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u8df3 \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8df3 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u5373 \\(dp[i, 2]\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece \\(dp[i-2, 1]\\) \u6216 \\(dp[i-2, 2]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u6765\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0b\uff0c\\(dp[i, j]\\) \u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{cases} dp[i, 1] = dp[i-1, 2] \\\\ dp[i, 2] = dp[i-2, 1] + dp[i-2, 2] \\end{cases} \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-9 \u00a0 \u8003\u8651\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0b\u7684\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb </p> <p>\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de \\(dp[n, 1] + dp[n, 2]\\) \u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u548c\u4ee3\u8868\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(n\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u6570\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_constraint_dp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.java<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_constraint_dp}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cs<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_constraint_dp}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_constraint_dp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4ec5\u9700\u591a\u8003\u8651\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u95ee\u9898\u91cd\u65b0\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u201c\u6709\u540e\u6548\u6027\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u722c\u697c\u68af\u4e0e\u969c\u788d\u751f\u6210</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u9636\u7684\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8005 \\(2\\) \u9636\u3002\u89c4\u5b9a\u5f53\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u4f1a\u7ed9\u7b2c \\(2i\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u653e\u4e0a\u969c\u788d\u7269\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u6240\u6709\u8f6e\u90fd\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8df3\u5230\u7b2c \\(2i\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u524d\u4e24\u8f6e\u5206\u522b\u8df3\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c \\(2\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u9636\u4e0a\uff0c\u5219\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u8df3\u5230\u7b2c \\(4\\)\u3001\\(6\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u3002\u8bf7\u95ee\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u722c\u5230\u697c\u9876\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0b\u6b21\u8df3\u8dc3\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u6240\u6709\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u8df3\u8dc3\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u9636\u68af\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5e76\u5f71\u54cd\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8df3\u8dc3\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u65c5\u884c\u5546\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u90fd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u9057\u4f20\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u6709\u9650\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/","title":"14.3 \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u9898\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u4e0a\u4e24\u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u63a2\u7a76\u4e24\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\uff1f</li> <li>\u6c42\u89e3\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u8be5\u4ece\u4f55\u5904\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#1431","title":"14.3.1 \u00a0 \u95ee\u9898\u5224\u65ad","text":"<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u9002\u5408\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u6c42\u89e3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u4ece\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u653e\u5bbd\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5148\u89c2\u5bdf\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\uff08\u7a77\u4e3e\uff09\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u9002\u5408\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u6ee1\u8db3\u201c\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u542b\u660e\u786e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u89e3\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u51b3\u7b56\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u6ee1\u8db3\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u201c\u52a0\u5206\u9879\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u542b\u6700\u5927\uff08\u5c0f\uff09\u6216\u6700\u591a\uff08\u5c11\uff09\u7b49\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002</li> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3001\u591a\u7ef4\u77e9\u9635\u6216\u6811\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u5176\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b58\u5728\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u51cf\u5206\u9879\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6ee1\u8db3\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u201c\u52a0\u5206\u9879\u201c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u8bbe\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6c42\u89e3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b83\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#1432","title":"14.3.2 \u00a0 \u95ee\u9898\u6c42\u89e3\u6b65\u9aa4","text":"<p>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u6d41\u7a0b\u4f1a\u56e0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u96be\u5ea6\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb \\(dp\\) \u8868\uff0c\u63a8\u5bfc\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u5f62\u8c61\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u89e3\u9898\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u95ee\u9898\u201c\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u201d\u6765\u4e3e\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a \\(n \\times m\\) \u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7f51\u683c <code>grid</code> \uff0c\u7f51\u683c\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4ee5\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u5411\u4e0b\u6216\u8005\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5230\u8fbe\u53f3\u4e0b\u89d2\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230\u53f3\u4e0b\u89d2\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 14-10 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u4e3a \\(13\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-10 \u00a0 \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230 \\(dp\\) \u8868</p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u683c\u5b50\u5411\u4e0b\u6216\u5411\u53f3\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u8bbe\u5f53\u524d\u683c\u5b50\u7684\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\([i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5411\u4e0b\u6216\u5411\u53f3\u8d70\u4e00\u6b65\u540e\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u53d8\u4e3a \\([i+1, j]\\) \u6216 \\([i, j+1]\\) \u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u884c\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([i, j]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\uff1a\u4ece\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9 \\([0, 0]\\) \u8d70\u5230 \\([i, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff0c\u89e3\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(dp[i, j]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u56fe 14-11 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4 \\(dp\\) \u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5176\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u7f51\u683c \\(grid\\) \u76f8\u540c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-11 \u00a0 \u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e dp \u8868 </p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u72b6\u6001\u7531\u6240\u6709\u51b3\u7b56\u53d8\u91cf\u6784\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u5305\u542b\u63cf\u8ff0\u89e3\u9898\u8fdb\u5ea6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7528\u6765\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a \\(dp\\) \u8868\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f \\(dp\\) \u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\\(dp\\) \u8868\u662f\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u4e0a\u8fb9\u683c\u5b50 \\([i-1, j]\\) \u548c\u5de6\u8fb9\u683c\u5b50 \\([i, j-1]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe \\([i, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7531 \\([i, j-1]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u4e0e \\([i-1, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u56fe 14-12 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, j] = \\min(dp[i-1, j], dp[i, j-1]) + grid[i, j] \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-12 \u00a0 \u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b </p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u7684 \\(dp\\) \u8868\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6765\u6784\u9020\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5f97\u6765\uff0c\u9996\u5217\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u5176\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5f97\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9996\u884c \\(i = 0\\) \u548c\u9996\u5217 \\(j = 0\\) \u662f\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-13 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u662f\u7531\u5176\u5de6\u65b9\u683c\u5b50\u548c\u4e0a\u65b9\u683c\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u91c7\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u904d\u5386\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5404\u884c\u3001\u5185\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5404\u5217\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-13 \u00a0 \u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f </p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316 \\(dp\\) \u8868\uff0c\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u66f4\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u51fa\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6309\u7167\u201c\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u201d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u7b26\u5408\u601d\u7ef4\u4e60\u60ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u4ece\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u72b6\u6001 \\([i-1, j]\\) \u548c \\([i, j-1]\\) \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a\u4ece \\([0, 0]\\) \u5230 \\([i, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c \\(dp[i, j]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5f53 \\(i = 0\\) \u4e14 \\(j = 0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u4ef7 \\(grid[0, 0]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u5f53 \\(i &lt; 0\\) \u65f6\u6216 \\(j &lt; 0\\) \u65f6\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u4ef7 \\(+\\infty\\) \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_path_sum.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_path_sum_dfs}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.java<pre><code>[class]{min_path_sum}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cs<pre><code>[class]{min_path_sum}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_path_sum_dfs}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-14 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4ee5 \\(dp[2, 1]\\) \u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u91cf\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u7f51\u683c <code>grid</code> \u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u53d8\u5927\u800c\u6025\u5267\u589e\u591a\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u5230\u8fbe\u67d0\u4e00\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-14 \u00a0 \u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u6709\u5411\u4e0b\u548c\u5411\u53f3\u4e24\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u8d70\u5230\u53f3\u4e0b\u89d2\u603b\u5171\u9700\u8981 \\(m + n - 2\\) \u6b65\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^{m + n})\\) \u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u672a\u8003\u8651\u4e34\u8fd1\u7f51\u683c\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5f53\u5230\u8fbe\u7f51\u7edc\u8fb9\u754c\u65f6\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u6570\u91cf\u4f1a\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u7f51\u683c <code>grid</code> \u76f8\u540c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5217\u8868 <code>mem</code> \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5404\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_path_sum.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_path_sum_dfs_mem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.java<pre><code>[class]{min_path_sum}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cs<pre><code>[class]{min_path_sum}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_path_sum_dfs_mem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u5f15\u5165\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ea\u9700\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u5373\u7f51\u683c\u5c3a\u5bf8 \\(O(nm)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-15 \u00a0 \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_path_sum.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_path_sum_dp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.java<pre><code>[class]{min_path_sum}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cs<pre><code>[class]{min_path_sum}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_path_sum_dp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-16 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u904d\u5386\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u683c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(nm)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n \\times m\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(nm)\\) \u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-16 \u00a0 \u6700\u5c0f\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u53ea\u4e0e\u5176\u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u884c\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u53ea\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u524d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9996\u5217\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u904d\u5386\u6bcf\u884c\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0\u5b83\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig min_path_sum.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_path_sum_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.java<pre><code>[class]{min_path_sum}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.cs<pre><code>[class]{min_path_sum}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{min_path_sum_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre> min_path_sum.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/","title":"14.6 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a Levenshtein \u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u6307\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4fee\u6539\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u5ea6\u91cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \\(s\\) \u548c \\(t\\) \uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5c06 \\(s\\) \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a \\(t\\) \u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e09\u79cd\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u7b26\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-27 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5c06 <code>kitten</code> \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>sitting</code> \u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91 3 \u6b65\uff0c\u5305\u62ec 2 \u6b21\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e 1 \u6b21\u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u5c06 <code>hello</code> \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>algo</code> \u9700\u8981 3 \u6b65\uff0c\u5305\u62ec 2 \u6b21\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c 1 \u6b21\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-27 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u7528\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u5e94\u6811\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u8f6e\u51b3\u7b56\uff08\u4e00\u6b21\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u6811\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8fb9\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-28 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u9650\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\u6761\u8fb9\uff0c\u6bcf\u6761\u8fb9\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ece <code>hello</code> \u8f6c\u6362\u5230 <code>algo</code> \u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u8282\u70b9 <code>hello</code> \u548c\u8282\u70b9 <code>algo</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-28 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u793a\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230 \\(dp\\) \u8868</p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u662f\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \\(s\\) \u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u9010\u6e10\u7f29\u5c0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u6784\u5efa\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8bbe\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \\(s\\) \u548c \\(t\\) \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u548c \\(m\\) \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8003\u8651\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u5b57\u7b26 \\(s[n-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[m-1]\\) \u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u82e5 \\(s[n-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[m-1]\\) \u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8003\u8651 \\(s[n-2]\\) \u548c \\(t[m-2]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5 \\(s[n-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[m-1]\\) \u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9 \\(s\\) \u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f16\u8f91\uff08\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u89c4\u6a21\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \\(s\\) \u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u51b3\u7b56\uff08\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97 \\(s\\) \u548c \\(t\\) \u4e2d\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u5f85\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u5728 \\(s\\) \u548c \\(t\\) \u4e2d\u8003\u8651\u7684\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([i, j]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5c06 \\(s\\) \u7684\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a \\(t\\) \u7684\u524d \\(j\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a \\((i+1) \\times (j+1)\\) \u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b</p> <p>\u8003\u8651\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e3a \\(s[i-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[j-1]\\) \uff0c\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u4e3a\u56fe 14-29 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5728 \\(s[i-1]\\) \u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 \\(t[j-1]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5269\u4f59\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i, j-1]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664 \\(s[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5269\u4f59\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i-1, j]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 \\(s[i-1]\\) \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a \\(t[j-1]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5269\u4f59\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-29 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb </p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\\(dp[i, j]\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e \\(dp[i, j-1]\\)\u3001\\(dp[i-1, j]\\)\u3001\\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \u4e09\u8005\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u672c\u6b21\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570 \\(1\\) \u3002\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, j] = \\min(dp[i, j-1], dp[i-1, j], dp[i-1, j-1]) + 1 \\] <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f53 \\(s[i-1]\\) \u548c \\(t[j-1]\\) \u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u7f16\u8f91\u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, j] = dp[i-1, j-1] \\] <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f</p> <p>\u5f53\u4e24\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u90fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5373 \\(dp[0, 0] = 0\\) \u3002\u5f53 \\(s\\) \u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f46 \\(t\\) \u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e \\(t\\) \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u9996\u884c \\(dp[0, j] = j\\) \u3002\u5f53 \\(s\\) \u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4f46 \\(t\\) \u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e \\(s\\) \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u9996\u5217 \\(dp[i, 0] = i\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u89e3 \\(dp[i, j]\\) \u4f9d\u8d56\u5de6\u65b9\u3001\u4e0a\u65b9\u3001\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a \\(dp\\) \u8868\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig edit_distance.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{edit_distance_dp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.java<pre><code>[class]{edit_distance}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.cs<pre><code>[class]{edit_distance}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{edit_distance_dp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-30 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u586b\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt;&lt;13&gt;&lt;14&gt;&lt;15&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-30 \u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e \\(dp[i,j]\\) \u662f\u7531\u4e0a\u65b9 \\(dp[i-1, j]\\)\u3001\u5de6\u65b9 \\(dp[i, j-1]\\)\u3001\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u72b6\u6001 \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9 \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \uff0c\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u524d\u6784\u5efa \\(dp[i, j-1]\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf <code>leftup</code> \u6765\u6682\u5b58\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u89e3 \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ea\u9700\u8003\u8651\u5de6\u65b9\u548c\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u89e3\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0e\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig edit_distance.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{edit_distance_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.java<pre><code>[class]{edit_distance}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.cs<pre><code>[class]{edit_distance}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{edit_distance_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre> edit_distance.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/","title":"14.1 \u00a0 \u521d\u63a2\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>\u300c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212 dynamic programming\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6765\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u4f8b\u9898\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u5148\u7ed9\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u56de\u6eaf\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u518d\u9010\u6b65\u5bfc\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u722c\u697c\u68af</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u9636\u7684\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216\u8005 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u8bf7\u95ee\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u722c\u5230\u697c\u9876\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a \\(3\\) \u9636\u697c\u68af\uff0c\u5171\u6709 \\(3\\) \u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u722c\u5230\u697c\u9876\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-1 \u00a0 \u722c\u5230\u7b2c 3 \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf </p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u6eaf\u6765\u7a77\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u722c\u697c\u68af\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5730\u9762\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u5230\u8fbe\u697c\u68af\u9876\u90e8\u65f6\u5c31\u5c06\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 \\(1\\) \uff0c\u5f53\u8d8a\u8fc7\u697c\u68af\u9876\u90e8\u65f6\u5c31\u5c06\u5176\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_backtrack.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_backtrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.java<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_backtrack}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{climbing_stairs_backtrack}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.cs<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_backtrack}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{climbing_stairs_backtrack}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_backtrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_backtrack.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/#1411","title":"14.1.1 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u5e76\u4e0d\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u62c6\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u51b3\u7b56\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bd5\u63a2\u548c\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u3002\u8bbe\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u5171\u6709 \\(dp[i]\\) \u79cd\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 \\(dp[i]\\) \u5c31\u662f\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u62ec:</p> \\[ dp[i-1], dp[i-2], \\dots, dp[2], dp[1] \\] <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0a \\(1\\) \u9636\u6216 \\(2\\) \u9636\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7ad9\u5728\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u697c\u68af\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u7ad9\u5728\u7b2c \\(i - 1\\) \u9636\u6216\u7b2c \\(i - 2\\) \u9636\u4e0a\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u7b2c \\(i -1\\) \u9636\u6216\u7b2c \\(i - 2\\) \u9636\u524d\u5f80\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u63a8\u8bba\uff1a\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i - 1\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u52a0\u4e0a\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i - 2\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u9636\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6570\u3002\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2] \\] <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6784\u5efa\u5f97\u6765\u3002\u56fe 14-2 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-2 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u9012\u63a8\u5173\u7cfb </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9012\u63a8\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5 \\(dp[n]\\) \u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u548c\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5230\u8fbe\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[1]\\) \u548c \\(dp[2]\\) \u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u5373 \\(dp[1] = 1\\)\u3001\\(dp[2] = 2\\) \uff0c\u8868\u793a\u722c\u5230\u7b2c \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\) \u9636\u5206\u522b\u6709 \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\) \u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5b83\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u56de\u6eaf\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_dfs.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_dfs}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.java<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_dfs}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{climbing_stairs_dfs}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.cs<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_dfs}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{climbing_stairs_dfs}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_dfs}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-3 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[n]\\) \uff0c\u5176\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^n)\\) \u3002\u6307\u6570\u9636\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7206\u70b8\u5f0f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u7684 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u9677\u5165\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-3 \u00a0 \u722c\u697c\u68af\u5bf9\u5e94\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 14-3 \uff0c\u6307\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 \\(dp[9]\\) \u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a \\(dp[8]\\) \u548c \\(dp[7]\\) \uff0c\\(dp[8]\\) \u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a \\(dp[7]\\) \u548c \\(dp[6]\\) \uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5b50\u95ee\u9898 \\(dp[7]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b50\u5b50\u5b59\u5b59\u65e0\u7a77\u5c3d\u4e5f\u3002\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u6d6a\u8d39\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/#1412","title":"14.1.2 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ea\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>mem</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c06\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u526a\u679d\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5f53\u9996\u6b21\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(dp[i]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5176\u8bb0\u5f55\u81f3 <code>mem[i]</code> \uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u518d\u6b21\u9700\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97 \\(dp[i]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece <code>mem[i]</code> \u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> </ol> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_dfs_mem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.java<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_dfs_mem}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{climbing_stairs_dfs_mem}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.cs<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_dfs_mem}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{climbing_stairs_dfs_mem}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfsMem}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_dfs_mem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 14-4 \uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ea\u9700\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u88ab\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u98de\u8dc3\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-4 \u00a0 \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u5bf9\u5e94\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/#1413","title":"14.1.3 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u539f\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u8f83\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u8f83\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u89e3\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u6eaf\u5c06\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u9010\u5c42\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4ece\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u5927\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u56de\u6eaf\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5b83\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\u6570\u7ec4 <code>mem</code> \u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_dp.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_dp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.java<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_dp}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.cs<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_dp}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_dp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDP}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-5 \u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-5 \u00a0 \u722c\u697c\u68af\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u4e0e\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u72b6\u6001\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u8868\u793a\u95ee\u9898\u6c42\u89e3\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u722c\u697c\u68af\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u697c\u68af\u9636\u6570 \\(i\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\\(dp\\) \u8868\u300d\uff0c\\(dp[i]\\) \u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001 \\(i\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5373\u7b2c \\(1\\) \u548c \\(2\\) \u9636\u697c\u68af\uff09\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u300d\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u9012\u63a8\u516c\u5f0f \\(dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\\) \u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u300d\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/#1414","title":"14.1.4 \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e \\(dp[i]\\) \u53ea\u4e0e \\(dp[i-1]\\) \u548c \\(dp[i-2]\\) \u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u9700\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6eda\u52a8\u524d\u8fdb\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig climbing_stairs_dp.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.java<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_dp}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.cs<pre><code>[class]{climbing_stairs_dp}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbing_stairs_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> climbing_stairs_dp.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7701\u53bb\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u5f80\u5f80\u4ec5\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u6709\u9650\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u964d\u7ef4\u201d\u6765\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6eda\u52a8\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6eda\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/","title":"14.4 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5165\u95e8\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u53d8\u79cd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a \\(wgt[i-1]\\)\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(val[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(cap\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u95ee\u5728\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u80fd\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 14-17 \uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7269\u54c1\u7f16\u53f7 \\(i\\) \u4ece \\(1\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece \\(0\\) \u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u91cd\u91cf \\(wgt[i-1]\\) \u548c\u4ef7\u503c \\(val[i-1]\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-17 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531 \\(n\\) \u8f6e\u51b3\u7b56\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u548c\u653e\u5165\u4e24\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u201c\u5728\u9650\u5b9a\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8f83\u5927\u6982\u7387\u662f\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230 \\(dp\\) \u8868</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\uff0c\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u53d8\uff1b\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\uff0c\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u51cf\u5c0f\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u5f97\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7f16\u53f7 \\(i\\) \u548c\u5269\u4f59\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf \\(c\\) \uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([i, c]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, c]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\uff1a\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u5728\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(c\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(dp[i, c]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5f85\u6c42\u89e3\u7684\u662f \\(dp[n, cap]\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a \\((n+1) \\times (cap+1)\\) \u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b</p> <p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u51fa\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u540e\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u662f\u524d \\(i-1\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff1a\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a \\([i-1, c]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff1a\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u51cf\u5c0f \\(wgt[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u589e\u52a0 \\(val[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a \\([i-1, c-wgt[i-1]]\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u6790\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u672c\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c \\(dp[i, c]\\) \u7b49\u4e8e\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u548c\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, c] = \\max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i-1, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1]) \\] <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf \\(wgt[i - 1]\\) \u8d85\u51fa\u5269\u4f59\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf \\(c\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f</p> <p>\u5f53\u65e0\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u65e0\u5269\u4f59\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5373\u9996\u5217 \\(dp[i, 0]\\) \u548c\u9996\u884c \\(dp[0, c]\\) \u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, c]\\) \u4ece\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001 \\([i-1, c]\\) \u548c\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001 \\([i-1, c-wgt[i-1]]\\) \u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a \\(dp\\) \u8868\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u641c\u7d22\u4ee3\u7801\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, c]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3 \\(dp[i, c]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5f53\u7269\u54c1\u7f16\u53f7\u8d8a\u754c \\(i = 0\\) \u6216\u80cc\u5305\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4ef7\u503c \\(0\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u526a\u679d\uff1a\u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u80cc\u5305\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig knapsack.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsack_dfs}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.java<pre><code>[class]{knapsack}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cs<pre><code>[class]{knapsack}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsack_dfs}\n</code></pre> knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> knapsack.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-18 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u9009\u548c\u9009\u4e24\u6761\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \\(dp[1, 10]\\) \u7b49\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u7269\u54c1\u8f83\u591a\u3001\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u8f83\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5c06\u4f1a\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u591a\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-18 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5217\u8868 <code>mem</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>mem[i][c]</code> \u5bf9\u5e94 \\(dp[i, c]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5f15\u5165\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f \\(O(n \\times cap)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig knapsack.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsack_dfs_mem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.java<pre><code>[class]{knapsack}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cs<pre><code>[class]{knapsack}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsack_dfs_mem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> knapsack.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-19 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u9012\u5f52\u4e2d\u88ab\u526a\u6389\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5206\u652f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-19 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u9012\u5f52\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212","text":"<p>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u4e2d\u586b\u5145 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig knapsack.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsack_dp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.java<pre><code>[class]{knapsack}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cs<pre><code>[class]{knapsack}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsack_dp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> knapsack.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 14-20 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u7531\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u5927\u5c0f\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5373 \\(O(n \\times cap)\\) \u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt;&lt;13&gt;&lt;14&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-20 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u53ea\u4e0e\u5176\u4e0a\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6eda\u52a8\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u5c06\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n^2)\\) \u5c06\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ec5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u5462\uff1f\u89c2\u5bdf\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u6b63\u4e0a\u65b9\u6216\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5f53\u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7b2c \\(i-1\\) \u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u53d6\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u904d\u5386\u5230 \\(dp[i, j]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9 \\(dp[i-1, 1]\\) ~ \\(dp[i-1, j-1]\\) \u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u53d6\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u8986\u76d6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u8fdb\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 14-21 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u4ece\u7b2c \\(i = 1\\) \u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u81f3\u7b2c \\(i = 2\\) \u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8bf7\u601d\u8003\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-21 \u00a0 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u9700\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ef4 \\(i\\) \u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u5185\u5faa\u73af\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig knapsack.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsack_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.java<pre><code>[class]{knapsack}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.cs<pre><code>[class]{knapsack}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsack_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> knapsack.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/summary/","title":"14.7 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6765\u89c4\u907f\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\uff08\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6c42\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u6781\u4f4e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</li> <li>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u9012\u5f52\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u5f0f\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u7684\u9012\u63a8\u5f0f\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u5982\u540c\u201c\u586b\u5199\u8868\u683c\u201d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c40\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002</li> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u91cd\u53e0\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6784\u5efa\u5f97\u6765\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\u6307\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5176\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u53ea\u4e0e\u8be5\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u6240\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec4\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u65e0\u540e\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u5feb\u901f\u6c42\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898</p> <ul> <li>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u5177\u6709 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u80cc\u5305\u7b49\u53d8\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u5728\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(c\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u548c\u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u4e24\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4f9d\u8d56\u6b63\u4e0a\u65b9\u548c\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u72b6\u6001\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u3002</li> <li>\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u6bcf\u79cd\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u91cf\u65e0\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9009\u62e9\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u4e0e 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6b63\u4e0a\u65b9\u548c\u6b63\u5de6\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\u5e94\u5f53\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</li> <li>\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u79cd\u3002\u5b83\u4ece\u6c42\u201c\u6700\u5927\u201d\u4ef7\u503c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6c42\u201c\u6700\u5c0f\u201d\u786c\u5e01\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684 \\(\\max()\\) \u5e94\u6539\u4e3a \\(\\min()\\) \u3002\u4ece\u6c42\u201c\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u201d\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u5230\u6c42\u201c\u6070\u597d\u201d\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528 \\(amt + 1\\) \u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u201d\u7684\u65e0\u6548\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362 II \u95ee\u9898\u4ece\u6c42\u201c\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u6539\u4e3a\u6c42\u201c\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u4ece \\(\\min()\\) \u6539\u4e3a\u6c42\u548c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898</p> <ul> <li>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\uff08Levenshtein \u8ddd\u79bb\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u3002</li> <li>\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5c06 \\(s\\) \u7684\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a \\(t\\) \u7684\u524d \\(j\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7f16\u8f91\u6b65\u6570\u3002\u5f53 \\(s[i] \\ne t[j]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u636e\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u6784\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u800c\u5f53 \\(s[i] = t[j]\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u7f16\u8f91\u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e2d\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u6b63\u4e0a\u65b9\u3001\u6b63\u5de6\u65b9\u3001\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u6b63\u5e8f\u6216\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6682\u5b58\u5de6\u4e0a\u65b9\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8f6c\u5316\u5230\u4e0e\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/","title":"14.5 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6c42\u89e3\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\uff0c\u518d\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\uff1a\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1451","title":"14.5.1 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a \\(wgt[i-1]\\)\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(val[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(cap\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u95ee\u5728\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u80fd\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-22 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u548c 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u533a\u522b\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9650\u5236\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6b21\u6570\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5728 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u524d \\(i-1\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u4e2a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u653e\u5165\u80cc\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u524d \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e0b\uff0c\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, c]\\) \u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff1a\u4e0e 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u81f3 \\([i-1, c]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u653e\u5165\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff1a\u4e0e 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u81f3 \\([i, c-wgt[i-1]]\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u800c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, c] = \\max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1]) \\]"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u9053\u9898\u76ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u5904\u4ece \\(i-1\\) \u53d8\u4e3a \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig unbounded_knapsack.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unbounded_knapsack_dp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.java<pre><code>[class]{unbounded_knapsack}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.cs<pre><code>[class]{unbounded_knapsack}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unbounded_knapsack_dp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u4e0a\u8fb9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u91c7\u53d6\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0e 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u6b63\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u8bf7\u501f\u52a9\u56fe 14-23 \u6765\u7406\u89e3\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-23 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4 <code>dp</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ef4\u5220\u9664\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig unbounded_knapsack.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.java<pre><code>[class]{unbounded_knapsack}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.cs<pre><code>[class]{unbounded_knapsack}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre> unbounded_knapsack.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1452","title":"14.5.2 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u62e5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u53d8\u79cd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u7684\u9762\u503c\u4e3a \\(coins[i - 1]\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(amt\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u95ee\u80fd\u591f\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-24 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8054\u7cfb\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e24\u9053\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u201c\u7269\u54c1\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u201c\u786c\u5e01\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u201c\u786c\u5e01\u9762\u503c\u201d\u3001\u201c\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8981\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8981\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u786c\u5e01\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6c42\u201c\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u201d\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u662f\u6c42\u201c\u6070\u597d\u201d\u51d1\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230 \\(dp\\) \u8868</p> <p>\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, a]\\) \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\uff1a\u524d \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u80fd\u591f\u51d1\u51fa\u91d1\u989d \\(a\\) \u7684\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(dp[i, a]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4e8c\u7ef4 \\(dp\\) \u8868\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a \\((n+1) \\times (amt+1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b</p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u4e0e\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5dee\u5f02\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u672c\u9898\u8981\u6c42\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u5c06\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 \\(\\max()\\) \u66f4\u6539\u4e3a \\(\\min()\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4f18\u5316\u4e3b\u4f53\u662f\u786c\u5e01\u6570\u91cf\u800c\u975e\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u9009\u4e2d\u786c\u5e01\u65f6\u6267\u884c \\(+1\\) \u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ul> \\[ dp[i, a] = \\min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1) \\] <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f</p> <p>\u5f53\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u51d1\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5373\u9996\u5217\u6240\u6709 \\(dp[i, 0]\\) \u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u65e0\u786c\u5e01\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u4efb\u610f \\(&gt; 0\\) \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u65e0\u6548\u89e3\u3002\u4e3a\u4f7f\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684 \\(\\min()\\) \u51fd\u6570\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65e0\u6548\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528 \\(+ \\infty\\) \u6765\u8868\u793a\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u5373\u4ee4\u9996\u884c\u6240\u6709 \\(dp[0, a]\\) \u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(+ \\infty\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5e76\u672a\u63d0\u4f9b \\(+ \\infty\\) \u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6574\u578b <code>int</code> \u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u53c8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u6570\u8d8a\u754c\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684 \\(+ 1\\) \u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u6570\u5b57 \\(amt + 1\\) \u6765\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u6548\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u51d1\u51fa \\(amt\\) \u7684\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\u6700\u591a\u4e3a \\(amt\\) \u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u524d\uff0c\u5224\u65ad \\(dp[n, amt]\\) \u662f\u5426\u7b49\u4e8e \\(amt + 1\\) \uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_dp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.java<pre><code>[class]{coin_change}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.cs<pre><code>[class]{coin_change}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_dp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP}\n</code></pre> <p>\u56fe 14-25 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt;&lt;13&gt;&lt;14&gt;&lt;15&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-25 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#3_1","title":"3. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u5305\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.java<pre><code>[class]{coin_change}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.cs<pre><code>[class]{coin_change}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1453-ii","title":"14.5.3 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898 II","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u7684\u9762\u503c\u4e3a \\(coins[i - 1]\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(amt\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u95ee\u5728\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 14-26 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898 II \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#1_2","title":"1. \u00a0 \u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u601d\u8def","text":"<p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e00\u9898\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a\u524d \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u80fd\u591f\u51d1\u51fa\u91d1\u989d \\(a\\) \u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u800c \\(dp\\) \u8868\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a \\((n+1) \\times (amt + 1)\\) \u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u77e9\u9635\u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9009\u5f53\u524d\u786c\u5e01\u4e0e\u9009\u5f53\u524d\u786c\u5e01\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u548c\u3002\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ dp[i, a] = dp[i-1, a] + dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] \\] <p>\u5f53\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u9009\u62e9\u4efb\u4f55\u786c\u5e01\u5373\u53ef\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u5c06\u9996\u5217\u6240\u6709 \\(dp[i, 0]\\) \u90fd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u3002\u5f53\u65e0\u786c\u5e01\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55 \\(&gt;0\\) \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9996\u884c\u6240\u6709 \\(dp[0, a]\\) \u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#2_2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change_ii.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_ii_dp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.java<pre><code>[class]{coin_change_ii}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.cs<pre><code>[class]{coin_change_ii}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_ii_dp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/#3_2","title":"3. \u00a0 \u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f18\u5316\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u786c\u5e01\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change_ii.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_ii_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.java<pre><code>[class]{coin_change_ii}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.cs<pre><code>[class]{coin_change_ii}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_ii_dp_comp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre> coin_change_ii.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/","title":"\u7b2c 9 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u56fe","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5728\u751f\u547d\u65c5\u9014\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u88ab\u65e0\u6570\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u8fb9\u76f8\u8fde\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u76f8\u8bc6\u4e0e\u76f8\u79bb\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u5f20\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u56fe\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5370\u8bb0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>9.1 \u00a0 \u56fe</li> <li>9.2 \u00a0 \u56fe\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c</li> <li>9.3 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386</li> <li>9.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/","title":"9.1 \u00a0 \u56fe","text":"<p>\u300c\u56fe graph\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7531\u300c\u9876\u70b9 vertex\u300d\u548c\u300c\u8fb9 edge\u300d\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u56fe \\(G\\) \u62bd\u8c61\u5730\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u9876\u70b9 \\(V\\) \u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fb9 \\(E\\) \u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b 5 \u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u548c 7 \u6761\u8fb9\u7684\u56fe\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} V &amp; = \\{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 \\} \\newline E &amp; = \\{ (1,2), (1,3), (1,5), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (4,5) \\} \\newline G &amp; = \\{ V, E \\} \\newline \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u9876\u70b9\u770b\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u8fb9\u770b\u4f5c\u8fde\u63a5\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u56fe\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u62d3\u5c55\u800c\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5982\u56fe 9-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u548c\u5206\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u6811\uff09\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u56fe\uff09\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-1 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u56fe\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb </p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#911","title":"9.1.1 \u00a0 \u56fe\u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u672f\u8bed","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e\u8fb9\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u56fe 9-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u300c\u65e0\u5411\u56fe undirected graph\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6709\u5411\u56fe directed graph\u300d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fb9\u8868\u793a\u4e24\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u53cc\u5411\u201d\u8fde\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5fae\u4fe1\u6216 QQ \u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u597d\u53cb\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6709\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fb9\u5177\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u6027\uff0c\u5373 \\(A \\rightarrow B\\) \u548c \\(A \\leftarrow B\\) \u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5fae\u535a\u6216\u6296\u97f3\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5173\u6ce8\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u88ab\u5173\u6ce8\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-2 \u00a0 \u6709\u5411\u56fe\u4e0e\u65e0\u5411\u56fe </p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u662f\u5426\u8fde\u901a\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u56fe 9-3 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u300c\u8fde\u901a\u56fe connected graph\u300d\u548c\u300c\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe disconnected graph\u300d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u8fbe\u5176\u4f59\u4efb\u610f\u9876\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u65e0\u6cd5\u5230\u8fbe\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-3 \u00a0 \u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u4e0e\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fb9\u6dfb\u52a0\u201c\u6743\u91cd\u201d\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u56fe 9-4 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u300c\u6709\u6743\u56fe weighted graph\u300d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u738b\u8005\u8363\u8000\u7b49\u624b\u6e38\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5171\u540c\u6e38\u620f\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u73a9\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6709\u6743\u56fe\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-4 \u00a0 \u6709\u6743\u56fe\u4e0e\u65e0\u6743\u56fe </p> <p>\u56fe\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u300c\u90bb\u63a5 adjacency\u300d\uff1a\u5f53\u4e24\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u8fb9\u76f8\u8fde\u65f6\uff0c\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e24\u9876\u70b9\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u201d\u3002\u5728\u56fe 9-4 \u4e2d\uff0c\u9876\u70b9 1 \u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u4e3a\u9876\u70b9 2\u30013\u30015\u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u8def\u5f84 path\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u9876\u70b9 A \u5230\u9876\u70b9 B \u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4ece A \u5230 B \u7684\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u201d\u3002\u5728\u56fe 9-4 \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217 1-5-2-4 \u662f\u9876\u70b9 1 \u5230\u9876\u70b9 4 \u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u5ea6 degree\u300d\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u8fb9\u6570\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u300c\u5165\u5ea6 In-Degree\u300d\u8868\u793a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6761\u8fb9\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u300c\u51fa\u5ea6 Out-Degree\u300d\u8868\u793a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6761\u8fb9\u4ece\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u6307\u51fa\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#912","title":"9.1.2 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>\u56fe\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u201d\u548c\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3e\u4f8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u56fe\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u300c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 adjacency matrix\u300d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a \\(n \\times n\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\uff08\u5217\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u77e9\u9635\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u8fb9\uff0c\u7528 \\(1\\) \u6216 \\(0\\) \u8868\u793a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u8fb9\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 9-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8bbe\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e3a \\(M\\)\u3001\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e3a \\(V\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u77e9\u9635\u5143\u7d20 \\(M[i, j] = 1\\) \u8868\u793a\u9876\u70b9 \\(V[i]\\) \u5230\u9876\u70b9 \\(V[j]\\) \u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u8fb9\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b \\(M[i, j] = 0\\) \u8868\u793a\u4e24\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u8fb9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-5 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9876\u70b9\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5143\u7d20\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u7b49\u4ef7\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5173\u4e8e\u4e3b\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u5bf9\u79f0\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4ece \\(1\\) \u548c \\(0\\) \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u6709\u6743\u56fe\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u8868\u793a\u56fe\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u77e9\u9635\u5143\u7d20\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u8fb9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u8f83\u591a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u8868","text":"<p>\u300c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 adjacency list\u300d\u4f7f\u7528 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u9876\u70b9\u3002\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u6761\u94fe\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u9876\u70b9 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4e0e\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff09\u3002\u56fe 9-6 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u56fe\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-6 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4ec5\u5b58\u50a8\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8fb9\uff0c\u800c\u8fb9\u7684\u603b\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u8fdc\u5c0f\u4e8e \\(n^2\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u66f4\u52a0\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u4e0d\u5982\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u3002</p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe 9-6 \uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u201d\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5f53\u94fe\u8868\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a AVL \u6811\u6216\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u4ece \\(O(n)\\) \u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff1b\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph/#913","title":"9.1.3 \u00a0 \u56fe\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u5982\u8868 9-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u56fe\u6765\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ea6\u5316\u4e3a\u56fe\u8ba1\u7b97\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 9-1 \u00a0 \u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u56fe </p> \u9876\u70b9 \u8fb9 \u56fe\u8ba1\u7b97\u95ee\u9898 \u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc \u7528\u6237 \u597d\u53cb\u5173\u7cfb \u6f5c\u5728\u597d\u53cb\u63a8\u8350 \u5730\u94c1\u7ebf\u8def \u7ad9\u70b9 \u7ad9\u70b9\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u6027 \u6700\u77ed\u8def\u7ebf\u63a8\u8350 \u592a\u9633\u7cfb \u661f\u4f53 \u661f\u4f53\u95f4\u7684\u4e07\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u4f5c\u7528 \u884c\u661f\u8f68\u9053\u8ba1\u7b97"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_operations/","title":"9.2 \u00a0 \u56fe\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u5bf9\u201c\u8fb9\u201d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5bf9\u201c\u9876\u70b9\u201d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u201d\u548c\u201c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u201d\u4e24\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_operations/#921","title":"9.2.1 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u5219\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u56fe 9-7 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8fb9\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u3002</li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5168\u90e8\u586b \\(0\\) \u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u5217\u3002\u5f53\u5220\u9664\u9996\u884c\u9996\u5217\u65f6\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06 \\((n-1)^2\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u201c\u5411\u5de6\u4e0a\u79fb\u52a8\u201d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a\u4f20\u5165 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868 <code>vertices</code> \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u521d\u59cb\u5316 \\(n \\times n\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 <code>adjMat</code> \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-7 \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u589e\u5220\u8fb9\u3001\u589e\u5220\u9876\u70b9 </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u8868\u793a\u56fe\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig graph_adjacency_matrix.py<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.cpp<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.java<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.cs<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.go<pre><code>[class]{graphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.swift<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.js<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.ts<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.dart<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.rs<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.c<pre><code>[class]{graphAdjMat}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_matrix.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_operations/#922","title":"9.2.2 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u603b\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\)\u3001\u8fb9\u603b\u6570\u4e3a \\(m\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u56fe 9-8 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\uff1a\u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5bf9\u5e94\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\uff1a\u5728\u9876\u70b9\u5bf9\u5e94\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(m)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fb9\u3002</li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u65b0\u589e\u9876\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\uff1a\u9700\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n + m)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u548c \\(2m\\) \u6761\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n + m)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-8 \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u589e\u5220\u8fb9\u3001\u589e\u5220\u9876\u70b9 </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u56fe\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Vertex</code> \u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u6765\u8868\u793a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u6709\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u8fc7\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u503c\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u533a\u5206\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9876\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u9876\u70b9\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(i\\) \u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e2d \\(&gt; i\\) \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5168\u90e8\u51cf \\(1\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</li> <li>\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5f15\u5165\u9876\u70b9\u7c7b <code>Vertex</code> \uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\u65f6\u5c31\u65e0\u987b\u6539\u52a8\u5176\u4f59\u9876\u70b9\u4e86\u3002</li> </ol> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig graph_adjacency_list.py<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.cpp<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.java<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.cs<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.go<pre><code>[class]{graphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.swift<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.js<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.ts<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.dart<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.rs<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.c<pre><code>[class]{graphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> graph_adjacency_list.zig<pre><code>[class]{GraphAdjList}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_operations/#923","title":"9.2.3 \u00a0 \u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u56fe\u4e2d\u5171\u6709 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u548c \\(m\\) \u6761\u8fb9\uff0c\u8868 9-2 \u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u548c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 9-2 \u00a0 \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e0e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635 \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09 \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff08\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff09 \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u90bb\u63a5 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(m)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(m)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 \\(O(n^2)\\) \\(O(n + m)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \\(O(n + m)\\) \\(O(n + m)\\) <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u8868 9-2 \uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff08\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u6700\u4f18\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fb9\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u6b21\u6570\u7ec4\u8bbf\u95ee\u6216\u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u7efc\u5408\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/","title":"9.3 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u6811\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u56fe\u5219\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u201c\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6811\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u662f\u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe\u548c\u6811\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u904d\u5386\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u300c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 breadth-first traversal\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 depth-first traversal\u300d\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22 breadth-first search\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22 depth-first search\u300d\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0 BFS \u548c DFS \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#931","title":"9.3.1 \u00a0 \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f18\u5148\u8bbf\u95ee\u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u5c42\u5c42\u5411\u5916\u6269\u5f20\u3002\u5982\u56fe 9-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5148\u904d\u5386\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u904d\u5386\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6bd5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-9 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>BFS \u901a\u5e38\u501f\u52a9\u961f\u5217\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u961f\u5217\u5177\u6709\u201c\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e BFS \u7684\u201c\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u201d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5f02\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06\u904d\u5386\u8d77\u59cb\u9876\u70b9 <code>startVet</code> \u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u542f\u5faa\u73af\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6bcf\u8f6e\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f39\u51fa\u961f\u9996\u9876\u70b9\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u961f\u5217\u5c3e\u90e8\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u904d\u5386\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>visited</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u54ea\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig graph_bfs.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graph_bfs}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.java<pre><code>[class]{graph_bfs}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.cs<pre><code>[class]{graph_bfs}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graph_bfs}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> graph_bfs.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{graphBFS}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4ee3\u7801\u76f8\u5bf9\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u7167\u56fe 9-10 \u6765\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-10 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u552f\u4e00\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0d\u552f\u4e00\u3002\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u6309\u201c\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u201d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u800c\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u4efb\u610f\u6253\u4e71\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u56fe 9-10 \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9876\u70b9 \\(1\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6362\u3001\u9876\u70b9 \\(2\\)\u3001\\(4\\)\u3001\\(6\\) \u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a \u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u5165\u961f\u5e76\u51fa\u961f\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u5728\u904d\u5386\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u6709\u8fb9\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee \\(2\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(2|E|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u603b\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V| + |E|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a \u5217\u8868 <code>res</code> \uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>visited</code> \uff0c\u961f\u5217 <code>que</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u6700\u591a\u4e3a \\(|V|\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V|)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#932","title":"9.3.2 \u00a0 \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5148\u8d70\u5230\u5e95\u3001\u65e0\u8def\u53ef\u8d70\u518d\u56de\u5934\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u56fe 9-11 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f53\u524d\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u518d\u7ee7\u7eed\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-11 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u201d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u8303\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e0e\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>visited</code> \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig graph_dfs.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graph_dfs}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.java<pre><code>[class]{graph_dfs}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{graph_dfs}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.cs<pre><code>[class]{graph_dfs}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{graph_dfs}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graph_dfs}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> graph_dfs.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{dfs}\n[class]{}-[func]{graphDFS}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 9-12 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u76f4\u865a\u7ebf\u4ee3\u8868\u5411\u4e0b\u9012\u63a8\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b0\u9876\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u66f2\u865a\u7ebf\u4ee3\u8868\u5411\u4e0a\u56de\u6eaf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6b64\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u5230\u4e86\u5f00\u542f\u6b64\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u56fe\u793a\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u8111\u4e2d\uff08\u6216\u8005\u7528\u7b14\u753b\u4e0b\u6765\uff09\u6a21\u62df\u6574\u4e2a DFS \u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f55\u65f6\u5f00\u542f\u3001\u4f55\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 9-12 \u00a0 \u56fe\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u552f\u4e00\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0e\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u67d0\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u5148\u5f80\u54ea\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u63a2\u7d22\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u5373\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u6253\u4e71\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u201c\u6839 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u5de6 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u53f3\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5de6 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u6839 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u53f3\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5de6 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u53f3 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u6839\u201d\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u904d\u5386\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/graph_traversal/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a \u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee \\(1\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u6240\u6709\u8fb9\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee \\(2\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(2|E|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u603b\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V| + |E|)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a \u5217\u8868 <code>res</code> \uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 <code>visited</code> \u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u6700\u591a\u4e3a \\(|V|\\) \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\u4e3a \\(|V|\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(|V|)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/summary/","title":"9.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_graph/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u56fe\u7531\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fb9\u6784\u6210\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002</li> <li>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u548c\u5206\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u6811\uff09\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u56fe\uff09\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u3002</li> <li>\u6709\u5411\u56fe\u7684\u8fb9\u5177\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u6027\uff0c\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u9876\u70b9\u5747\u53ef\u8fbe\uff0c\u6709\u6743\u56fe\u7684\u6bcf\u6761\u8fb9\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u6743\u91cd\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5229\u7528\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\uff08\u5217\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u77e9\u9635\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u8fb9\uff0c\u7528 \\(1\\) \u6216 \\(0\\) \u8868\u793a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u8fb9\u6216\u65e0\u8fb9\u3002\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u5728\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u8f83\u591a\u3002</li> <li>\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u6761\u94fe\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u9876\u70b9 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u3002\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u66f4\u52a0\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u8fc7\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3\u89d2\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u77e9\u9635\u4f53\u73b0\u201c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\uff0c\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4f53\u73b0\u201c\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5efa\u6a21\u5404\u7c7b\u73b0\u5b9e\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u5730\u94c1\u7ebf\u8def\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6811\u662f\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u4e5f\u662f\u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4f8b\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u3001\u5c42\u5c42\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u501f\u52a9\u961f\u5217\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5148\u8d70\u5230\u5e95\u3001\u65e0\u8def\u53ef\u8d70\u65f6\u518d\u56de\u6eaf\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_graph/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u8fd8\u662f\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\uff1f</p> <p>\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u662f\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u662f\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u539f\u6587\uff1aIn graph theory, a path in a graph is a finite or infinite sequence of edges which joins a sequence of vertices. \u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u6761\u8fb9\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6bcf\u6761\u8fb9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u3002</p> <p>\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6709\u65e0\u6cd5\u904d\u5386\u5230\u7684\u70b9\uff1f</p> <p>\u5728\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u65e0\u6cd5\u5230\u8fbe\u3002\u904d\u5386\u975e\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u904d\u5386\u5230\u56fe\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u901a\u5206\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u4e0e\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u201d\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8981\u6c42\uff1f</p> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6309\u7167\u9876\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u3001\u6216\u8005\u6309\u7167\u9876\u70b9\u503c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u201c\u5e26\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u6781\u503c\u201d\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/","title":"\u7b2c 15 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5411\u65e5\u8475\u671d\u7740\u592a\u9633\u8f6c\u52a8\uff0c\u65f6\u523b\u90fd\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u81ea\u8eab\u6210\u957f\u7684\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u3002</p> <p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u4e00\u8f6e\u8f6e\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5bfc\u5411\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>15.1 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>15.2 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>15.3 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>15.4 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u95ee\u9898</li> <li>15.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/","title":"15.2 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a \\(wgt[i-1]\\)\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(val[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(cap\\) \u7684\u80cc\u5305\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u6839\u636e\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u95ee\u5728\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-3 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u548c 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u5305\u542b\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \u548c\u5bb9\u91cf \\(c\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u672c\u9898\u5141\u8bb8\u53ea\u9009\u62e9\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5982\u56fe 15-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7269\u54c1\u4efb\u610f\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u91cd\u91cf\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(val[i-1] / wgt[i-1]\\) \uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u5047\u8bbe\u653e\u5165\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7269\u54c1 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a \\(w\\) \uff0c\u5219\u80cc\u5305\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a \\(w \\times val[i-1] / wgt[i-1]\\) \u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-4 \u00a0 \u7269\u54c1\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c </p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a","text":"<p>\u6700\u5927\u5316\u80cc\u5305\u5185\u7269\u54c1\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8981\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0b\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u56fe 15-5 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06\u7269\u54c1\u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u3002</li> <li>\u82e5\u5269\u4f59\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u586b\u6ee1\u80cc\u5305\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-5 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u7c7b <code>Item</code> \uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5c06\u7269\u54c1\u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5f53\u80cc\u5305\u5df2\u6ee1\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u89e3\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig fractional_knapsack.py<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractional_knapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.java<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{fractional_knapsack}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.cs<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{fractional_knapsack}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.go<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.swift<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.js<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.ts<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.dart<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.rs<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractional_knapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.c<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> fractional_knapsack.zig<pre><code>[class]{Item}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u7269\u54c1\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u7269\u54c1\u6570\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <code>Item</code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e","text":"<p>\u91c7\u7528\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u662f\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a <code>res</code> \uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u89e3\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u5728\u4ece\u80cc\u5305\u4e2d\u62ff\u51fa\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u5e76\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u66ff\u6362\u540e\u7684\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5927\u4e8e <code>res</code> \u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e <code>res</code> \u662f\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u7269\u54c1 \\(x\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u89e3\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u4e0a\u8ff0\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u603b\u662f\u66f4\u4f18\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 15-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u7269\u54c1\u91cd\u91cf\u548c\u7269\u54c1\u5355\u4f4d\u4ef7\u503c\u5206\u522b\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a 2D \u56fe\u8868\u7684\u6a2a\u8f74\u548c\u7eb5\u8f74\uff0c\u5219\u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u6c42\u5728\u6709\u9650\u6a2a\u8f74\u533a\u95f4\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u5927\u56f4\u6210\u9762\u79ef\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6bd4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u51e0\u4f55\u89d2\u5ea6\u7406\u89e3\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-6 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u8868\u793a </p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/","title":"15.1 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5 greedy algorithm\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u90fd\u9009\u62e9\u5f53\u524d\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5373\u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u671b\u83b7\u5f97\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b80\u6d01\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u90fd\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4f46\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u51b3\u7b56\u6765\u8003\u8651\u5f53\u524d\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u5f53\u524d\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8003\u8651\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u8def\u5411\u524d\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7f29\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u95ee\u9898\u88ab\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u4f8b\u9898\u201c\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u201d\u4e86\u89e3\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u5bf9\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u7684\u9762\u503c\u4e3a \\(coins[i - 1]\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a \\(amt\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u786c\u5e01\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u95ee\u80fd\u591f\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u786c\u5e01\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u5982\u56fe 15-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u5927\u4e8e\u4e14\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b83\u7684\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\u8be5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u51d1\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-1 \u00a0 \u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565 </p> <p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7531\u5730\u53d1\u51fa\u611f\u53f9\uff1aSo Clean \uff01\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ec5\u7528\u5341\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig coin_change_greedy.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_greedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.java<pre><code>[class]{coin_change_greedy}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.cs<pre><code>[class]{coin_change_greedy}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_greedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre> coin_change_greedy.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/#1511","title":"15.1.1 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u4f18\u70b9\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f4\u63a5\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb0\u786c\u5e01\u6700\u5c0f\u9762\u503c\u4e3a \\(\\min(coins)\\) \uff0c\u5219\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u591a\u5faa\u73af \\(amt / \\min(coins)\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(amt / \\min(coins))\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u6bd4\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n \\times amt)\\) \u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u786c\u5e01\u9762\u503c\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002\u56fe 15-2 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6b63\u4f8b \\(coins = [1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100]\\)\uff1a\u5728\u8be5\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4efb\u610f \\(amt\\) \uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u53cd\u4f8b \\(coins = [1, 20, 50]\\)\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe \\(amt = 60\\) \uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u627e\u5230 \\(50 + 1 \\times 10\\) \u7684\u5151\u6362\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5171\u8ba1 \\(11\\) \u679a\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u4f46\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3 \\(20 + 20 + 20\\) \uff0c\u4ec5\u9700 \\(3\\) \u679a\u786c\u5e01\u3002</li> <li>\u53cd\u4f8b \\(coins = [1, 49, 50]\\)\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe \\(amt = 98\\) \uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u627e\u5230 \\(50 + 1 \\times 48\\) \u7684\u5151\u6362\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5171\u8ba1 \\(49\\) \u679a\u786c\u5e01\uff0c\u4f46\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3 \\(49 + 49\\) \uff0c\u4ec5\u9700 \\(2\\) \u679a\u786c\u5e01\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-2 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u7684\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u627e\u5230\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u5dee\u7684\u89e3\u3002\u5b83\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee5\u8f83\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u627e\u5230\u6b21\u4f18\u89e3\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/#1512","title":"15.1.2 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u9002\u5408\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\u5462\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1f</p> <p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u66f4\u52a0\u82db\u523b\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6027\u8d28\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u9009\u62e9\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u65f6\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u5305\u542b\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u63a2\u7a76\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u6613\u4e8b\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u5982\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u867d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u4e3e\u51fa\u53cd\u4f8b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc1\u4f2a\uff0c\u4f46\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u5982\u679c\u95ee\uff1a\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ec0\u4e48\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u80fd\u51ed\u501f\u76f4\u89c9\u6216\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u68f1\u4e24\u53ef\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8bc1\u660e\u3002</p> <p>Quote</p> <p>\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a \\(O(n^3)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u627e\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>Pearson, David. A polynomial-time algorithm for the change-making problem. Operations Research Letters 33.3 (2005): 231-234.</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/#1513","title":"15.1.3 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u89e3\u9898\u6b65\u9aa4","text":"<p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u6d41\u7a0b\u5927\u4f53\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u68b3\u7406\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u72b6\u6001\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u5728\u56de\u6eaf\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u3002</li> <li>\u786e\u5b9a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\u505a\u51fa\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b56\u7565\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u6574\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8bc1\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u6570\u5b66\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5\u6216\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u786e\u5b9a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u65bd\u8d77\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u540c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u6d45\u663e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u6982\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c31\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u9690\u853d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u8003\u9a8c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u529b\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>\u67d0\u4e9b\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u8ff7\u60d1\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6ee1\u6000\u4fe1\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u597d\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5199\u51fa\u89e3\u9898\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u63d0\u4ea4\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u90e8\u5206\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u90e8\u5206\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u5c31\u662f\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u6216\u6570\u5b66\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e\u4e5f\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u6613\u4e8b\u3002\u5982\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u5934\u7eea\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u9762\u5411\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c Debug \uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u4fee\u6539\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/#1514","title":"15.1.4 \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u9898","text":"<p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e38\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u786c\u5e01\u627e\u96f6\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u533a\u95f4\u8c03\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7269\u54c1\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7d\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u7ec4\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u603b\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u8f7d\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u4e14\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u5927\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u6700\u9ad8\uff08\u4ef7\u503c / \u91cd\u91cf\uff09\u7684\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u80a1\u7968\u4e70\u5356\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4ef7\u683c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u4e70\u5356\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u6301\u6709\u80a1\u7968\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5356\u51fa\u4e4b\u524d\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u4e70\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5229\u6da6\u3002</li> <li>\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u7f16\u7801\uff1a\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u7f16\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u635f\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u6811\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u9009\u62e9\u51fa\u73b0\u9891\u7387\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u6811\u7684\u5e26\u6743\u8def\u5f84\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u7f16\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\uff09\u6700\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>Dijkstra \u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6e90\u9876\u70b9\u5230\u5176\u4f59\u5404\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/","title":"15.3 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 \\(ht\\) \uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u5782\u76f4\u9694\u677f\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u3002</p> <p>\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u5bbd\u5ea6\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\uff08\u5373\u9762\u79ef\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7531\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u9694\u677f\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bbd\u5ea6\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u4e4b\u5dee\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-7 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u5bb9\u5668\u7531\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\u56f4\u6210\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\([i, j]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u9898\u610f\uff0c\u5bb9\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e58\u4ee5\u5bbd\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7531\u77ed\u677f\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bbd\u5ea6\u662f\u4e24\u9694\u677f\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e4b\u5dee\u3002\u8bbe\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a \\(cap[i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u5f97\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a</p> \\[ cap[i, j] = \\min(ht[i], ht[j]) \\times (j - i) \\] <p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u677f\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u5373\u72b6\u6001\u603b\u6570\uff09\u4e3a \\(C_n^2 = \\frac{n(n - 1)}{2}\\) \u4e2a\u3002\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a77\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6c42\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u56fe 15-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u73b0\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001 \\([i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5176\u6ee1\u8db3\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i &lt; j\\) \u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(ht[i] &lt; ht[j]\\) \uff0c\u5373 \\(i\\) \u4e3a\u77ed\u677f\u3001\\(j\\) \u4e3a\u957f\u677f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-8 \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001 </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 15-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u82e5\u6b64\u65f6\u5c06\u957f\u677f \\(j\\) \u5411\u77ed\u677f \\(i\\) \u9760\u8fd1\uff0c\u5219\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e00\u5b9a\u53d8\u5c0f\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u957f\u677f \\(j\\) \u540e\uff0c\u5bbd\u5ea6 \\(j-i\\) \u80af\u5b9a\u53d8\u5c0f\uff1b\u800c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7531\u77ed\u677f\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u53d8\uff08 \\(i\\) \u4ecd\u4e3a\u77ed\u677f\uff09\u6216\u53d8\u5c0f\uff08\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684 \\(j\\) \u6210\u4e3a\u77ed\u677f\uff09\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-9 \u00a0 \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u957f\u677f\u540e\u7684\u72b6\u6001 </p> <p>\u53cd\u5411\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u5411\u5185\u6536\u7f29\u77ed\u677f \\(i\\) \uff0c\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u5bb9\u91cf\u53d8\u5927\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u867d\u7136\u5bbd\u5ea6\u4e00\u5b9a\u53d8\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5927\uff08\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u77ed\u677f \\(i\\) \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u957f\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u56fe 15-10 \u4e2d\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\u540e\u9762\u79ef\u53d8\u5927\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-10 \u00a0 \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\u540e\u7684\u72b6\u6001 </p> <p>\u7531\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u672c\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e24\u6307\u9488\u5206\u88c2\u5bb9\u5668\u4e24\u7aef\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5411\u5185\u6536\u7f29\u77ed\u677f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e24\u6307\u9488\u76f8\u9047\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 15-11 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u5206\u5217\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e24\u7aef\u3002</li> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf \\(cap[i, j]\\) \uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u6bd4\u8f83\u677f \\(i\\) \u548c \u677f \\(j\\) \u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u77ed\u677f\u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u683c\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u7b2c <code>2.</code> \u548c <code>3.</code> \u6b65\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u76f8\u9047\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-11 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5faa\u73af\u6700\u591a \\(n\\) \u8f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u53d8\u91cf \\(i\\)\u3001\\(j\\)\u3001\\(res\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig max_capacity.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{max_capacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.java<pre><code>[class]{max_capacity}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.cs<pre><code>[class]{max_capacity}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{max_capacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre> max_capacity.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e","text":"<p>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8d2a\u5fc3\u6bd4\u7a77\u4e3e\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u90fd\u4f1a\u201c\u8df3\u8fc7\u201d\u4e00\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u3002</p> <p>\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u72b6\u6001 \\(cap[i, j]\\) \u4e0b\uff0c\\(i\\) \u4e3a\u77ed\u677f\u3001\\(j\\) \u4e3a\u957f\u677f\u3002\u82e5\u8d2a\u5fc3\u5730\u5c06\u77ed\u677f \\(i\\) \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u683c\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u56fe 15-12 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u88ab\u201c\u8df3\u8fc7\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e4b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</p> \\[ cap[i, i+1], cap[i, i+2], \\dots, cap[i, j-2], cap[i, j-1] \\] <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-12 \u00a0 \u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\u5bfc\u81f4\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7\u7684\u72b6\u6001 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u957f\u677f \\(j\\) \u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u5185\u79fb\u957f\u677f\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bb9\u91cf\u53d8\u5c0f\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8fc7\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/","title":"15.4 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5207\u5206\u4e3a\u81f3\u5c11\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u7684\u548c\uff0c\u6c42\u5207\u5206\u540e\u6240\u6709\u6574\u6570\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u6700\u5927\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-13 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4e49 </p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 \\(n\\) \u5207\u5206\u4e3a \\(m\\) \u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c \\(i\\) \u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(n_i\\) \uff0c\u5373</p> \\[ n = \\sum_{i=1}^{m}n_i \\] <p>\u672c\u9898\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6c42\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u6574\u6570\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e58\u79ef\uff0c\u5373</p> \\[ \\max(\\prod_{i=1}^{m}n_i) \\] <p>\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u601d\u8003\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u5207\u5206\u6570\u91cf \\(m\\) \u5e94\u8be5\u591a\u5927\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a \\(n_i\\) \u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u52a0\u548c\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4ece \\(n\\) \u4e2d\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50 \\(2\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u4e3a \\(2(n-2)\\) \u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be5\u4e58\u79ef\u4e0e \\(n\\) \u4f5c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} 2(n-2) &amp; \\geq n \\newline 2n - n - 4 &amp; \\geq 0 \\newline n &amp; \\geq 4 \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u5982\u56fe 15-14 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53 \\(n \\geq 4\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a \\(2\\) \u540e\u4e58\u79ef\u4f1a\u53d8\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e \\(4\\) \u7684\u6574\u6570\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5207\u5206\u3002</p> <p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u4e00\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u5305\u542b \\(\\geq 4\\) \u7684\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u7ee7\u7eed\u5207\u5206\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u53ea\u5e94\u51fa\u73b0 \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u56e0\u5b50\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-14 \u00a0 \u5207\u5206\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e58\u79ef\u53d8\u5927 </p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u601d\u8003\u54ea\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u3002\u5728 \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(3\\) \u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u663e\u7136 \\(1\\) \u662f\u6700\u5dee\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a \\(1 \\times (n-1) &lt; n\\) \u6052\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5373\u5207\u5206\u51fa \\(1\\) \u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e58\u79ef\u51cf\u5c0f\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 15-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53 \\(n = 6\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6709 \\(3 \\times 3 &gt; 2 \\times 2 \\times 2\\) \u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5207\u5206\u51fa \\(3\\) \u6bd4\u5207\u5206\u51fa \\(2\\) \u66f4\u4f18\u3002</p> <p>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u4e8c\uff1a\u5728\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u5e94\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a \\(2\\) \u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a \\(2\\) \u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a \\(3\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u4e58\u79ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-15 \u00a0 \u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u56e0\u5b50 </p> <p>\u603b\u7ed3\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u63a8\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u6574\u6570 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5207\u5206\u51fa\u56e0\u5b50 \\(3\\) \uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a \\(0\\)\u3001\\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868 \\(n\\) \u662f \\(3\\) \u7684\u500d\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ee7\u7eed\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u4e4b\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4f59\u6570\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e \\(2 \\times 2 &gt; 1 \\times 3\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u5c06\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a \\(3\\) \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 15-16 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u5207\u5206\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f97\u5230 \\(3\\) \u7684\u4e2a\u6570 \\(a\\) \uff0c\u7528\u53d6\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u4f59\u6570 \\(b\\) \uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6709\uff1a</p> \\[ n = 3 a + b \\] <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e \\(n \\leq 3\\) \u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u62c6\u5206\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a \\(1\\) \uff0c\u4e58\u79ef\u4e3a \\(1 \\times (n - 1)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig max_product_cutting.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{max_product_cutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.java<pre><code>[class]{max_product_cutting}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.cs<pre><code>[class]{max_product_cutting}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{max_product_cutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> max_product_cutting.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting}\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 15-16 \u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5 </p> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5e42\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5 Python \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e42\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 <code>**</code> \u548c\u51fd\u6570 <code>pow()</code> \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(\\log\u2061 a)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u51fd\u6570 <code>math.pow()</code> \u5185\u90e8\u8c03\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u5e93\u7684 <code>pow()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u6267\u884c\u6d6e\u70b9\u53d6\u5e42\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53d8\u91cf \\(a\\) \u548c \\(b\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e","text":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u5206\u6790 \\(n \\geq 3\\) \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u6240\u6709\u56e0\u5b50 \\(\\leq 3\\) \uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728 \\(\\geq 4\\) \u7684\u56e0\u5b50 \\(x\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u7ee7\u7eed\u5212\u5206\u4e3a \\(2(x-2)\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u77db\u76fe\u3002</li> <li>\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e0d\u5305\u542b \\(1\\) \uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50 \\(1\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u5165\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u5927\u4e58\u79ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u77db\u76fe\u3002</li> <li>\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u6700\u591a\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a \\(2\\) \uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a \\(2\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a \\(3\\) \uff0c\u4e58\u79ef\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u77db\u76fe\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_greedy/summary/","title":"15.5 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u7406\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u505a\u51fa\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u671b\u83b7\u5f97\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u88ab\u89e3\u51b3\u3002</li> <li>\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u6548\u7387\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u786c\u5e01\u7ec4\u5408\u5219\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5f88\u5dee\u7684\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u9002\u5408\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u4e24\u5927\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u6700\u4f18\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u4ee3\u8868\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bc1\u4f2a\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u96f6\u94b1\u5151\u6362\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u6c42\u89e3\u8d2a\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u8bc1\u660e\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u96be\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u5206\u6570\u80cc\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u5728 0-1 \u80cc\u5305\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u9009\u62e9\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\u3002\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7a77\u4e3e\u6cd5\u6c42\u89e3\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5411\u5185\u79fb\u52a8\u77ed\u677f\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6700\u5927\u5207\u5206\u4e58\u79ef\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u540e\u63a8\u7406\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\\(\\geq 4\\) \u7684\u6574\u6570\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u5207\u5206\u3001\u6700\u4f18\u5207\u5206\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a \\(3\\) \u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5e42\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5e42\u8fd0\u7b97\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u6216 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/","title":"\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3002</p> <p>\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u7d22\u4e66\u53f7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>6.1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868</li> <li>6.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81</li> <li>6.3 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>6.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/","title":"6.3 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u4e24\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u800c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u8fd8\u662f\u94fe\u5730\u5740\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u51cf\u5c11\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u8fc7\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5219\u4f1a\u6025\u5267\u52a3\u5316\u3002\u5982\u56fe 6-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u94fe\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\uff1b\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u90fd\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9000\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-8 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u4e0e\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5 </p> <p>\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\u7531\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u56de\u5fc6\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\uff0c\u518d\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u53d6\u6a21\uff1a</p> <pre><code>index = hash(key) % capacity\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f53\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf <code>capacity</code> \u56fa\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>hash()</code> \u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8f93\u51fa\u503c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c0f\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>hash()</code> \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/#631","title":"6.3.1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u76ee\u6807","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u65e2\u5feb\u53c8\u7a33\u201d\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e94\u59cb\u7ec8\u4ea7\u751f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e94\u8be5\u8db3\u591f\u5feb\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff1a\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e94\u4f7f\u5f97\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u5206\u5e03\u8d8a\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u660e\u6587\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u8005\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5bc6\u7801\u5c31\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6b63\u786e\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u636e\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e00\u540c\u53d1\u9001\uff1b\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u8005\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u4ece\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u5bc6\u7801\u7b49\u9006\u5411\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5907\u66f4\u9ad8\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5355\u5411\u6027\uff1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u53cd\u63a8\u51fa\u5173\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> <li>\u6297\u78b0\u649e\u6027\uff1a\u5e94\u5f53\u6781\u5176\u56f0\u96be\u627e\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> <li>\u96ea\u5d29\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u53d8\u5316\u5e94\u5f53\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u663e\u8457\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u201c\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u6297\u78b0\u649e\u6027\u201d\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6ee1\u8db3\u6297\u78b0\u649e\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u968f\u673a\u8f93\u5165 <code>key</code> \u4e0b\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 <code>key % 100</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8be5\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u540e\u4e24\u4f4d\u76f8\u7b49\u7684 <code>key</code> \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u4ece\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u53cd\u63a8\u51fa\u53ef\u7528\u7684 <code>key</code> \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7834\u89e3\u5bc6\u7801\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/#632","title":"6.3.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1","text":"<p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u8bb8\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u80fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c\uff1a\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u603b\u548c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u4e58\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u4e58\u6cd5\u7684\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e58\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c\uff1a\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u65cb\u8f6c\u54c8\u5e0c\uff1a\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 ASCII \u7801\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u7d2f\u79ef\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig simple_hash.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{add_hash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mul_hash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xor_hash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rot_hash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.java<pre><code>[class]{simple_hash}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{simple_hash}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{simple_hash}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{simple_hash}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.cs<pre><code>[class]{simple_hash}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{simple_hash}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{simple_hash}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{simple_hash}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{add_hash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mul_hash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xor_hash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rot_hash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> simple_hash.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{addHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{mulHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{xorHash}\n[class]{}-[func]{rotHash}\n</code></pre> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u5927\u8d28\u6570 \\(1000000007\\) \u53d6\u6a21\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u601d\u8003\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u8d28\u6570\u53d6\u6a21\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5bf9\u5408\u6570\u53d6\u6a21\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u5148\u629b\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u8d28\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5730\u4fdd\u8bc1\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7684\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d28\u6570\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u5b57\u5b58\u5728\u516c\u7ea6\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u56e0\u53d6\u6a21\u64cd\u4f5c\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5468\u671f\u6027\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u6570 \\(9\\) \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab \\(3\\) \u6574\u9664\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab \\(3\\) \u6574\u9664\u7684 <code>key</code> \u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u5230 \\(0\\)\u3001\\(3\\)\u3001\\(6\\) \u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\text{modulus} &amp; = 9 \\newline \\text{key} &amp; = \\{ 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, \\dots \\} \\newline \\text{hash} &amp; = \\{ 0, 3, 6, 0, 3, 6, 0, 3, 6, 0, 3, 6,\\dots \\} \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165 <code>key</code> \u6070\u597d\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b49\u5dee\u6570\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u805a\u5806\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u91cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u5c06 <code>modulus</code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u8d28\u6570 \\(13\\) \uff0c\u7531\u4e8e <code>key</code> \u548c <code>modulus</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u516c\u7ea6\u6570\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7684\u5747\u5300\u6027\u4f1a\u660e\u663e\u63d0\u5347\u3002</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\text{modulus} &amp; = 13 \\newline \\text{key} &amp; = \\{ 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, \\dots \\} \\newline \\text{hash} &amp; = \\{ 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 2, 5, 8, 11, 1, 4, 7, \\dots \\} \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1 <code>key</code> \u662f\u968f\u673a\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9009\u62e9\u8d28\u6570\u6216\u8005\u5408\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u8f93\u51fa\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002\u800c\u5f53 <code>key</code> \u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u5468\u671f\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5408\u6570\u53d6\u6a21\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u805a\u96c6\u73b0\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u53d6\u8d28\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d28\u6570\u6700\u597d\u8db3\u591f\u5927\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u6d88\u9664\u5468\u671f\u6027\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7a33\u5065\u6027\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/#633","title":"6.3.3 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u201c\u8106\u5f31\u201d\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u5f02\u6216\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ea4\u6362\u5f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u52a0\u6cd5\u54c8\u5e0c\u548c\u5f02\u6216\u54c8\u5e0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u533a\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u540c\u4f46\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u8d77\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 MD5\u3001SHA-1\u3001SHA-2\u3001SHA3 \u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4efb\u610f\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u6052\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5904\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5347\u7ea7\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u52aa\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u5219\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5bfb\u627e\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8868 6-2 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>MD5 \u548c SHA-1 \u5df2\u591a\u6b21\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u5404\u7c7b\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u5f03\u7528\u3002</li> <li>SHA-2 \u7cfb\u5217\u4e2d\u7684 SHA-256 \u662f\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4ecd\u672a\u51fa\u73b0\u6210\u529f\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>SHA-3 \u76f8\u8f83 SHA-2 \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f00\u9500\u66f4\u4f4e\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u8986\u76d6\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5982 SHA-2 \u7cfb\u5217\u3002</li> </ul> <p> \u8868 6-2 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 </p> MD5 SHA-1 SHA-2 SHA-3 \u63a8\u51fa\u65f6\u95f4 1992 1995 2002 2008 \u8f93\u51fa\u957f\u5ea6 128 bits 160 bits 256 / 512 bits 224/256/384/512 bits \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81 \u8f83\u591a \u8f83\u591a \u5f88\u5c11 \u5f88\u5c11 \u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7ea7 \u4f4e\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u653b\u51fb \u4f4e\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u653b\u51fb \u9ad8 \u9ad8 \u5e94\u7528 \u5df2\u88ab\u5f03\u7528\uff0c\u4ecd\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u68c0\u67e5 \u5df2\u88ab\u5f03\u7528 \u52a0\u5bc6\u8d27\u5e01\u4ea4\u6613\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7b49 \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u66ff\u4ee3 SHA-2"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/#634","title":"6.3.4 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684 <code>key</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5c0f\u6570\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u4ee5 Python \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528 <code>hash()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u6570\u548c\u5e03\u5c14\u91cf\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u3002</li> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u8bf7\u81ea\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002</li> <li>\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u662f\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u54c8\u5e0c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u751f\u6210\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5199\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\u751f\u6210\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig built_in_hash.py<pre><code>num = 3\nhash_num = hash(num)\n# \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 3\nbol = True\nhash_bol = hash(bol)\n# \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf True \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1\ndec = 3.14159\nhash_dec = hash(dec)\n# \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 326484311674566659\nstr = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\"\nhash_str = hash(str)\n# \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 4617003410720528961\ntup = (12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\")\nhash_tup = hash(tup)\n# \u5143\u7ec4 (12836, '\u5c0f\u54c8') \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1029005403108185979\nobj = ListNode(0)\nhash_obj = hash(obj)\n# \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 &lt;ListNode object at 0x1058fd810&gt; \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 274267521\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.cpp<pre><code>int num = 3;\nsize_t hashNum = hash&lt;int&gt;()(num);\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 3\nbool bol = true;\nsize_t hashBol = hash&lt;bool&gt;()(bol);\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf 1 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1\ndouble dec = 3.14159;\nsize_t hashDec = hash&lt;double&gt;()(dec);\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 4614256650576692846\nstring str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nsize_t hashStr = hash&lt;string&gt;()(str);\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 15466937326284535026\n// \u5728 C++ \u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u7f6e std:hash() \u4ec5\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\n// \u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.java<pre><code>int num = 3;\nint hashNum = Integer.hashCode(num);\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 3\nboolean bol = true;\nint hashBol = Boolean.hashCode(bol);\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1231\ndouble dec = 3.14159;\nint hashDec = Double.hashCode(dec);\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -1340954729\nString str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nint hashStr = str.hashCode();\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -727081396\nObject[] arr = { 12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\" };\nint hashTup = Arrays.hashCode(arr);\n// \u6570\u7ec4 [12836, \u5c0f\u54c8] \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1151158\nListNode obj = new ListNode(0);\nint hashObj = obj.hashCode();\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 utils.ListNode@7dc5e7b4 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 2110121908\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.cs<pre><code>int num = 3;\nint hashNum = num.GetHashCode();\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 3;\nbool bol = true;\nint hashBol = bol.GetHashCode();\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1;\ndouble dec = 3.14159;\nint hashDec = dec.GetHashCode();\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -1340954729;\nstring str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nint hashStr = str.GetHashCode();\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -586107568;\nobject[] arr = { 12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\" };\nint hashTup = arr.GetHashCode();\n// \u6570\u7ec4 [12836, \u5c0f\u54c8] \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 42931033;\nListNode obj = new ListNode(0);\nint hashObj = obj.GetHashCode();\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 0 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 39053774;\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.go<pre><code>\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.swift<pre><code>let num = 3\nlet hashNum = num.hashValue\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 9047044699613009734\nlet bol = true\nlet hashBol = bol.hashValue\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -4431640247352757451\nlet dec = 3.14159\nlet hashDec = dec.hashValue\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -2465384235396674631\nlet str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\"\nlet hashStr = str.hashValue\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -7850626797806988787\nlet arr = [AnyHashable(12836), AnyHashable(\"\u5c0f\u54c8\")]\nlet hashTup = arr.hashValue\n// \u6570\u7ec4 [AnyHashable(12836), AnyHashable(\"\u5c0f\u54c8\")] \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -2308633508154532996\nlet obj = ListNode(x: 0)\nlet hashObj = obj.hashValue\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 utils.ListNode \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a -2434780518035996159\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.js<pre><code>// JavaScript \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e hash code \u51fd\u6570\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.ts<pre><code>// TypeScript \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e hash code \u51fd\u6570\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.dart<pre><code>int num = 3;\nint hashNum = num.hashCode;\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 34803\nbool bol = true;\nint hashBol = bol.hashCode;\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u503c true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1231\ndouble dec = 3.14159;\nint hashDec = dec.hashCode;\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 2570631074981783\nString str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nint hashStr = str.hashCode;\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 468167534\nList arr = [12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\"];\nint hashArr = arr.hashCode;\n// \u6570\u7ec4 [12836, \u5c0f\u54c8] \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 976512528\nListNode obj = new ListNode(0);\nint hashObj = obj.hashCode;\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 Instance of 'ListNode' \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1033450432\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.rs<pre><code>use std::collections::hash_map::DefaultHasher;\nuse std::hash::{Hash, Hasher};\nlet num = 3;\nlet mut num_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\nnum.hash(&amp;mut num_hasher);\nlet hash_num = num_hasher.finish();\n// \u6574\u6570 3 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 568126464209439262\nlet bol = true;\nlet mut bol_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\nbol.hash(&amp;mut bol_hasher);\nlet hash_bol = bol_hasher.finish();\n// \u5e03\u5c14\u91cf true \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 4952851536318644461\nlet dec: f32 = 3.14159;\nlet mut dec_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\ndec.to_bits().hash(&amp;mut dec_hasher);\nlet hash_dec = dec_hasher.finish();\nprintln!(\"\u5c0f\u6570 {} \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a {}\", dec, hash_dec);\n// \u5c0f\u6570 3.14159 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 2566941990314602357\nlet str = \"Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\";\nlet mut str_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\nstr.hash(&amp;mut str_hasher);\nlet hash_str = str_hasher.finish();\n// \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5 \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 16092673739211250988\nlet arr = (&amp;12836, &amp;\"\u5c0f\u54c8\");\nlet mut tup_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\narr.hash(&amp;mut tup_hasher);\nlet hash_tup = tup_hasher.finish();\n// \u5143\u7ec4 (12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\") \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a 1885128010422702749\nlet node = ListNode::new(42);\nlet mut hasher = DefaultHasher::new();\nnode.borrow().val.hash(&amp;mut hasher);\nlet hash = hasher.finish();\n// \u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61 RefCell { value: ListNode { val: 42, next: None } } \u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e3a15387811073369036852\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e hash code \u51fd\u6570\n</code></pre> built_in_hash.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u624d\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684 <code>key</code> \u3002\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5217\u8868\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>key</code> \uff0c\u5f53\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u539f\u5148\u7684 <code>value</code> \u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u867d\u7136\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u53ef\u54c8\u5e0c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u7684\u76d0\uff08Salt\uff09\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62 HashDoS \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/","title":"6.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81","text":"<p>\u4e0a\u8282\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3a\u5168\u4f53\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u5c31\u8fdb\u884c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u51b2\u7a81\u6d88\u5931\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u7c97\u66b4\u4e14\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u6548\u7387\u592a\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u642c\u8fd0\u4e0e\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u6539\u826f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u4ec5\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u91cd\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u6267\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6539\u826f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u201d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#621","title":"6.2.1 \u00a0 \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740","text":"<p>\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u4ec5\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u300c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740 separate chaining\u300d\u5c06\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u56fe 6-5 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-5 \u00a0 \u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 </p> <p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53d8\u5316\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u67e5\u8be2\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u8f93\u5165 <code>key</code> \uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5f97\u5230\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u5e76\u5bf9\u6bd4 <code>key</code> \u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u76ee\u6807\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002</li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff09\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5220\u9664\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u5305\u542b\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5b83\u76f8\u6bd4\u6570\u7ec4\u66f4\u52a0\u8017\u8d39\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u5bf9\u5e94\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e24\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u4ee3\u66ff\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0b\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u542b\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(\\frac{2}{3}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u81f3 \\(2\\) \u500d\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hash_map_chaining.py<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.cpp<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.java<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.cs<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.go<pre><code>[class]{hashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.swift<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.js<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.ts<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.dart<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.rs<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.c<pre><code>[class]{hashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_chaining.zig<pre><code>[class]{HashMapChaining}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u94fe\u8868\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387 \\(O(n)\\) \u5f88\u5dee\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201cAVL \u6811\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u201d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#622","title":"6.2.2 \u00a0 \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740","text":"<p>\u300c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740 open addressing\u300d\u4e0d\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u591a\u6b21\u63a2\u6d4b\u201d\u6765\u5904\u7406\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b","text":"<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u91c7\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u6b65\u957f\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u82e5\u53d1\u73b0\u6876\u5185\u5df2\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u51b2\u7a81\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5411\u540e\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386\uff08\u6b65\u957f\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a \\(1\\) \uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u82e5\u53d1\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u6b65\u957f\u5411\u540e\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de <code>value</code> \u5373\u53ef\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56fe 6-6 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\uff08\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff09\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4f4d\u76f8\u540c\u7684 <code>key</code> \u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6876\u3002\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u4f9d\u6b21\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8be5\u6876\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u6876\u4e2d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-6 \u00a0 \u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u548c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b </p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u201c\u805a\u96c6\u73b0\u8c61\u201d\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8d8a\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fde\u7eed\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d1\u751f\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fc3\u4f7f\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u805a\u5806\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u52a3\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6876 \\(\\text{None}\\) \uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u67e5\u8be2\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u8be5\u7a7a\u6876\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8be5\u7a7a\u6876\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u8bef\u5224\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-7 \u00a0 \u5728\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u95ee\u9898 </p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u300c\u61d2\u5220\u9664 lazy deletion\u300d\u673a\u5236\uff1a\u5b83\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6876\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\\(\\text{None}\\) \u548c <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u7f6e\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230 <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4e4b\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u61d2\u5220\u9664\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u901f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u9000\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6b21\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5220\u9664\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u968f\u7740 <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8df3\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u624d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9996\u4e2a <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u8be5 <code>TOMBSTONE</code> \u4ea4\u6362\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u5f53\u6bcf\u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u8ddd\u79bb\u7406\u60f3\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u63a2\u6d4b\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff09\u66f4\u8fd1\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u61d2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\uff08\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\uff09\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u5145\u5206\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\uff0c\u5f53\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5934\u90e8\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hash_map_open_addressing.py<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.cpp<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.java<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.cs<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.go<pre><code>[class]{hashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.swift<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.js<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.ts<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.dart<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.rs<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.c<pre><code>[class]{hashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> hash_map_open_addressing.zig<pre><code>[class]{HashMapOpenAddressing}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b","text":"<p>\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u7b56\u7565\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f53\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8df3\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6b65\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8df3\u8fc7\u201c\u63a2\u6d4b\u6b21\u6570\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u201d\u7684\u6b65\u6570\uff0c\u5373 \\(1, 4, 9, \\dots\\) \u6b65\u3002</p> <p>\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u901a\u4e3b\u8981\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u52bf\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u901a\u8fc7\u8df3\u8fc7\u5e73\u65b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u7f13\u89e3\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u7684\u805a\u96c6\u6548\u5e94\u3002</li> <li>\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4f1a\u8df3\u8fc7\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u6765\u5bfb\u627e\u7a7a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5747\u5300\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u805a\u96c6\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5e73\u65b9\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63a2\u6d4b\u6574\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5373\u4f7f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6709\u7a7a\u6876\uff0c\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u5b83\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c","text":"<p>\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 \\(f_1(x)\\)\u3001\\(f_2(x)\\)\u3001\\(f_3(x)\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\) \u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u6d4b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u82e5\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 \\(f_1(x)\\) \u51fa\u73b0\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5219\u5c1d\u8bd5 \\(f_2(x)\\) \uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\uff1b\u6216\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u6876\u6216\u5df2\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6240\u6709\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e0e\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\uff08\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001\u5e73\u65b9\u63a2\u6d4b\u548c\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\uff09\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_collision/#623","title":"6.2.3 \u00a0 \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9009\u62e9","text":"<p>\u5404\u4e2a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3e\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Java \u91c7\u7528\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u3002\u81ea JDK 1.8 \u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5f53 HashMap \u5185\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u8fbe\u5230 64 \u4e14\u94fe\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u8fbe\u5230 8 \u65f6\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u627e\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> <li>Python \u91c7\u7528\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u3002\u5b57\u5178 dict \u4f7f\u7528\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u6d4b\u3002</li> <li>Golang \u91c7\u7528\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u3002Go \u89c4\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u6700\u591a\u5b58\u50a8 8 \u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u5bb9\u91cf\u5219\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ea2\u51fa\u6876\u3002\u5f53\u6ea2\u51fa\u6876\u8fc7\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7b49\u91cf\u6269\u5bb9\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_map/","title":"6.1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868","text":"<p>\u300c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 hash table\u300d\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u300c\u6563\u5217\u8868\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u7acb\u952e <code>key</code> \u4e0e\u503c <code>value</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e <code>key</code> \uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c <code>value</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 6-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u6709\u201c\u59d3\u540d\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5b66\u53f7\u201d\u4e24\u9879\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u201d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u56fe 6-1 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u9664\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5916\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u67e5\u8be2\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5982\u8868 6-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u4ec5\u9700\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u8be2\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u662f\u4e71\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u5148\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u518d\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> <p> \u8868 6-1 \u00a0 \u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u6570\u7ec4 \u94fe\u8868 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_map/#611","title":"6.1.1 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u548c\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7b49\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hash_map.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\nhmap: dict = {}\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\n# \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nhmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\"\nhmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\"\nhmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\"\nhmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\"\nhmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\"\n# \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\n# \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nname: str = hmap[15937]\n# \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\n# \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nhmap.pop(10583)\n</code></pre> hash_map.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nunordered_map&lt;int, string&gt; map;\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\";\nmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\";\nmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\";\nmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\";\nmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\";\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nstring name = map[15937];\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.erase(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nMap&lt;Integer, String&gt; map = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.put(12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\");   map.put(15937, \"\u5c0f\u5570\");   map.put(16750, \"\u5c0f\u7b97\");   map.put(13276, \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\");\nmap.put(10583, \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\");\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nString name = map.get(15937);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.remove(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nDictionary&lt;int, String&gt; map = new ();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.Add(12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\");\nmap.Add(15937, \"\u5c0f\u5570\");\nmap.Add(16750, \"\u5c0f\u7b97\");\nmap.Add(13276, \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\");\nmap.Add(10583, \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\");\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nString name = map[15937];\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.Remove(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nhmap := make(map[int]string)\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nhmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\"\nhmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\"\nhmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\"\nhmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\"\nhmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\"\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nname := hmap[15937]\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\ndelete(hmap, 10583)\n</code></pre> hash_map.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nvar map: [Int: String] = [:]\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\"\nmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\"\nmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\"\nmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\"\nmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\"\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nlet name = map[15937]!\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.removeValue(forKey: 10583)\n</code></pre> hash_map.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconst map = new ArrayHashMap();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.set(12836, '\u5c0f\u54c8');\nmap.set(15937, '\u5c0f\u5570');\nmap.set(16750, '\u5c0f\u7b97');\nmap.set(13276, '\u5c0f\u6cd5');\nmap.set(10583, '\u5c0f\u9e2d');\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nlet name = map.get(15937);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.delete(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconst map = new Map&lt;number, string&gt;();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.set(12836, '\u5c0f\u54c8');\nmap.set(15937, '\u5c0f\u5570');\nmap.set(16750, '\u5c0f\u7b97');\nmap.set(13276, '\u5c0f\u6cd5');\nmap.set(10583, '\u5c0f\u9e2d');\nconsole.info('\\n\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e3a\\nKey -&gt; Value');\nconsole.info(map);\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nlet name = map.get(15937);\nconsole.info('\\n\u8f93\u5165\u5b66\u53f7 15937 \uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u59d3\u540d ' + name);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.delete(10583);\nconsole.info('\\n\u5220\u9664 10583 \u540e\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e3a\\nKey -&gt; Value');\nconsole.info(map);\n</code></pre> hash_map.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nMap&lt;int, String&gt; map = {};\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap[12836] = \"\u5c0f\u54c8\";\nmap[15937] = \"\u5c0f\u5570\";\nmap[16750] = \"\u5c0f\u7b97\";\nmap[13276] = \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\";\nmap[10583] = \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\";\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nString name = map[15937];\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.remove(10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.rs<pre><code>use std::collections::HashMap;\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nlet mut map: HashMap&lt;i32, String&gt; = HashMap::new();\n/* \u6dfb\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nmap.insert(12836, \"\u5c0f\u54c8\".to_string());\nmap.insert(15937, \"\u5c0f\u5570\".to_string());\nmap.insert(16750, \"\u5c0f\u7b97\".to_string());\nmap.insert(13279, \"\u5c0f\u6cd5\".to_string());\nmap.insert(10583, \"\u5c0f\u9e2d\".to_string());\n/* \u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u952e key \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u503c value\nlet _name: Option&lt;&amp;String&gt; = map.get(&amp;15937);\n/* \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c */\n// \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 (key, value)\nlet _removed_value: Option&lt;String&gt; = map.remove(&amp;10583);\n</code></pre> hash_map.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n</code></pre> hash_map.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3001\u904d\u5386\u952e\u548c\u904d\u5386\u503c\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig hash_map.py<pre><code># \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n# \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key-&gt;value\nfor key, value in hmap.items():\nprint(key, \"-&gt;\", value)\n# \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor key in hmap.keys():\nprint(key)\n# \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor value in hmap.values():\nprint(value)\n</code></pre> hash_map.cpp<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key-&gt;value\nfor (auto kv: map) {\ncout &lt;&lt; kv.first &lt;&lt; \" -&gt; \" &lt;&lt; kv.second &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor (auto kv: map) {\ncout &lt;&lt; kv.first &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor (auto kv: map) {\ncout &lt;&lt; kv.second &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.java<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key-&gt;value\nfor (Map.Entry &lt;Integer, String&gt; kv: map.entrySet()) {\nSystem.out.println(kv.getKey() + \" -&gt; \" + kv.getValue());\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor (int key: map.keySet()) {\nSystem.out.println(key);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor (String val: map.values()) {\nSystem.out.println(val);\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.cs<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value\nforeach (var kv in map) {\nConsole.WriteLine(kv.Key + \" -&gt; \" + kv.Value);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nforeach (int key in map.Keys) {\nConsole.WriteLine(key);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nforeach (String val in map.Values) {\nConsole.WriteLine(val);\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map_test.go<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key-&gt;value\nfor key, value := range hmap {\nfmt.Println(key, \"-&gt;\", value)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor key := range hmap {\nfmt.Println(key)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor _, value := range hmap {\nfmt.Println(value)\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.swift<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value\nfor (key, value) in map {\nprint(\"\\(key) -&gt; \\(value)\")\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key\nfor key in map.keys {\nprint(key)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value\nfor value in map.values {\nprint(value)\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.js<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconsole.info('\\n\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value');\nfor (const [k, v] of map.entries()) {\nconsole.info(k + ' -&gt; ' + v);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key');\nfor (const k of map.keys()) {\nconsole.info(k);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value');\nfor (const v of map.values()) {\nconsole.info(v);\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.ts<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconsole.info('\\n\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value');\nfor (const [k, v] of map.entries()) {\nconsole.info(k + ' -&gt; ' + v);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key');\nfor (const k of map.keys()) {\nconsole.info(k);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value');\nfor (const v of map.values()) {\nconsole.info(v);\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.dart<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value\nmap.forEach((key, value) {\nprint('$key -&gt; $value');\n});\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key\nmap.keys.forEach((key) {\nprint(key);\n});\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value\nmap.values.forEach((value) {\nprint(value);\n});\n</code></pre> hash_map.rs<pre><code>/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key-&gt;Value\nfor (key, value) in &amp;map {\nprintln!(\"{key} -&gt; {value}\");\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key\nfor key in map.keys() {\nprintln!(\"{key}\"); }\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value\nfor value in map.values() {\nprintln!(\"{value}\");\n}\n</code></pre> hash_map.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n</code></pre> hash_map.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_map/#612","title":"6.1.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8003\u8651\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a7a\u4f4d\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u6876 bucket\u300d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u53ef\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u5230 <code>key</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6876\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6 <code>value</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u57fa\u4e8e <code>key</code> \u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u300c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 hash function\u300d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u6240\u6709 <code>key</code> \uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6876\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\uff09\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a <code>key</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5f97\u5230\u8be5 <code>key</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a <code>key</code> \uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>hash()</code> \u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5bf9\u6876\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\uff09<code>capacity</code> \u53d6\u6a21\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5 <code>key</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15 <code>index</code> \u3002</li> </ol> <pre><code>index = hash(key) % capacity\n</code></pre> <p>\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 <code>index</code> \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6 <code>value</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 <code>capacity = 100</code>\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5 <code>hash(key) = key</code> \uff0c\u6613\u5f97\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a <code>key % 100</code> \u3002\u56fe 6-2 \u4ee5 <code>key</code> \u5b66\u53f7\u548c <code>value</code> \u59d3\u540d\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406 </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 <code>key</code> \u548c <code>value</code> \u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b <code>Pair</code> \uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_hash_map.py<pre><code>[class]{Pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.cpp<pre><code>[class]{Pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.java<pre><code>[class]{Pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.cs<pre><code>[class]{Pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.go<pre><code>[class]{pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{arrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.swift<pre><code>/* \u952e\u503c\u5bf9 */\nclass Pair {\nvar key: Int\nvar val: String\ninit(key: Int, val: String) {\nself.key = key\nself.val = val\n}\n}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.js<pre><code>[class]{Pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.ts<pre><code>[class]{Pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.dart<pre><code>[class]{Pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.rs<pre><code>[class]{Pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.c<pre><code>[class]{pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{arrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_hash_map.zig<pre><code>[class]{Pair}-[func]{}\n[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/hash_map/#613","title":"6.1.3 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0e\u6269\u5bb9","text":"<p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709 <code>key</code> \u6784\u6210\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u6240\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\u6784\u6210\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f80\u5f80\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u591a\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94\u76f8\u540c\u8f93\u51fa\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u7684 <code>key</code> \u540e\u4e24\u4f4d\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u5b66\u53f7\u4e3a 12836 \u548c 20336 \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> <pre><code>12836 % 100 = 36\n20336 % 100 = 36\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 6-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u53f7\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u59d3\u540d\uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81 hash collision\u300d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-3 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf \\(n\\) \u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a <code>key</code> \u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff0c\u51b2\u7a81\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c11\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 6-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u524d\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 <code>(136, A)</code> \u548c <code>(236, D)</code> \u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u51b2\u7a81\u6d88\u5931\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 6-4 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9 </p> <p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u9700\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u539f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf <code>capacity</code> \u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6269\u5bb9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9884\u7559\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u9891\u7e41\u6269\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50 load factor\u300d\u662f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u9664\u4ee5\u6876\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(0.75\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a\u539f\u5148\u7684 \\(2\\) \u500d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/summary/","title":"6.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_hashing/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165 <code>key</code> \uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u80fd\u591f\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u67e5\u8be2\u5230 <code>value</code> \uff0c\u6548\u7387\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3001\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u548c\u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5c06 <code>key</code> \u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u6876\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6 <code>value</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 <code>key</code> \u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5bb9\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5bb9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u7f13\u89e3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u5f88\u5927\u3002</li> <li>\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u9664\u4ee5\u6876\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u89e6\u53d1\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li>\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u8fc7\u957f\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> <li>\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u63a2\u6d4b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u4f7f\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u6b65\u957f\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u805a\u96c6\u3002\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u76f8\u8f83\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u66f4\u4e0d\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cJava \u7684 <code>HashMap</code> \u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c Python \u7684 <code>Dict</code> \u91c7\u7528\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u548c\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u5907\u6297\u78b0\u649e\u6027\u548c\u96ea\u5d29\u6548\u5e94\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u5927\u8d28\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5730\u4fdd\u8bc1\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u7684\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec MD5\u3001SHA-1\u3001SHA-2 \u548c SHA3 \u7b49\u3002MD5 \u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6821\u9a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0cSHA-2 \u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u3002</li> <li>\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u53ef\u54c8\u5e0c\u7684\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_hashing/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \uff1f</p> <p>\u5f53\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u91cd\u65f6\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u5f53\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u3001\u5bb9\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u7406\u3001\u51b2\u7a81\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570 \\(f(x) = x\\) \u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u4e86</p> <p>\u5728 \\(f(x) = x\\) \u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5bf9\u5e94\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6876\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u901a\u5e38\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u53d6\u6a21\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b \\(O(1)\\) \u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u9ad8\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u53d8\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u53d8\u4f4e\u4e86\u3002\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff0c</p> <p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u53d8\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u66f4\u5feb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u66f4\u5927\u3002</p> <p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u52a3\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u53d6\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u9000\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002</p> <p>\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u6709\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u5417\uff1f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6807\u8bb0\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fd8\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u591a\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u8bb0\u5220\u9664\u3002\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u5c06\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u65b0\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u65e2\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u548c\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0 <code>key</code> \u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u6709\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u6cd5\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u6b65\u957f\u4f9d\u6b21\u5411\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u8df3\u51fa\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\u80fd\u591f\u7f13\u89e3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff1f</p> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 \\(n\\) \u53d6\u4f59\uff0c\u8ba9\u8f93\u51fa\u503c\u843d\u5165\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4\uff1b\u5728\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6 \\(n\\) \u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u800c <code>key</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u539f\u5148\u843d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u7684\u591a\u4e2a <code>key</code> \uff0c\u5728\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u7f13\u89e3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/","title":"\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u5806","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5806\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u5c71\u5ddd\u7684\u5cf0\u5ce6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c42\u53e0\u8d77\u4f0f\u3001\u5f62\u6001\u5404\u5f02\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u5ea7\u5c71\u5cf0\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9ad8\u4f4e\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5c71\u5cf0\u603b\u662f\u6700\u5148\u6620\u5165\u773c\u5e18\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>8.1 \u00a0 \u5806</li> <li>8.2 \u00a0 \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c</li> <li>8.3 \u00a0 Top-K \u95ee\u9898</li> <li>8.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/build_heap/","title":"8.2 \u00a0 \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5806\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/build_heap/#821","title":"8.2.1 \u00a0 \u501f\u52a9\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5806\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c\u201c\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5148\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5806\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u518d\u5bf9\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c\u201c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u201d\u5806\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5c31\u52a0\u4e00\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u4ece\u9876\u5230\u5e95\u4f9d\u6b21\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5806\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u201d\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log{n})\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u5efa\u5806\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/build_heap/#822","title":"8.2.2 \u00a0 \u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u5806\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5efa\u5806\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5171\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5806\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5806\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5c1a\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002</li> <li>\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5806\uff08\u5373\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5012\u5e8f\uff09\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u975e\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u201c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\u201d\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u6bcf\u5f53\u5806\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u6811\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5b50\u5806\u3002\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5806\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\u5730\u88ab\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u5b50\u6811\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5b50\u5806\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5806\u5316\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u624d\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6ca1\u6709\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5b50\u5806\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u9700\u5806\u5316\u3002\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5b83\u5f00\u59cb\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u5806\u5316\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{__init__}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{MaxHeap}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{MaxHeap}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{MaxHeap}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{newMaxHeap}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{init}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{constructor}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{constructor}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{MaxHeap}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{new}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{newMaxHeap}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{init}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/build_heap/#823","title":"8.2.3 \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u63a8\u7b97\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5efa\u5806\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5047\u8bbe\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5219\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\((n + 1) / 2\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(/\\) \u4e3a\u5411\u4e0b\u6574\u9664\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5806\u5316\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\((n - 1) / 2\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6700\u591a\u5806\u5316\u5230\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u5927\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b21\u6570\u4e3a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(\\log n\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u8005\u76f8\u4e58\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u5efa\u5806\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f30\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u5e76\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e95\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u8fdc\u591a\u4e8e\u9876\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u4e3a\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u96be\u5ea6\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(h\\) \u7684\u201c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201d\uff0c\u8be5\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-5 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5404\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 8-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u201c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\u201d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b21\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u800c\u8be5\u8ddd\u79bb\u6b63\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5404\u5c42\u7684\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf \\(\\times\\) \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201d\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5806\u5316\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b21\u6570\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002</p> \\[ T(h) = 2^0h + 2^1(h-1) + 2^2(h-2) + \\dots + 2^{(h-1)}\\times1 \\] <p>\u5316\u7b80\u4e0a\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e2d\u5b66\u7684\u6570\u5217\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5148\u5bf9 \\(T(h)\\) \u4e58\u4ee5 \\(2\\) \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} T(h) &amp; = 2^0h + 2^1(h-1) + 2^2(h-2) + \\dots + 2^{h-1}\\times1 \\newline 2 T(h) &amp; = 2^1h + 2^2(h-1) + 2^3(h-2) + \\dots + 2^{h}\\times1 \\newline \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u4f4d\u76f8\u51cf\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e0b\u5f0f \\(2 T(h)\\) \u51cf\u53bb\u4e0a\u5f0f \\(T(h)\\) \uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\uff1a</p> \\[ 2T(h) - T(h) = T(h) = -2^0h + 2^1 + 2^2 + \\dots + 2^{h-1} + 2^h \\] <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0a\u5f0f\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0 \\(T(h)\\) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u6bd4\u6570\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u6c42\u548c\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{aligned} T(h) &amp; = 2 \\frac{1 - 2^h}{1 - 2} - h \\newline &amp; = 2^{h+1} - h - 2 \\newline &amp; = O(2^h) \\end{aligned} \\] <p>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(h\\) \u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n = 2^{h+1} - 1\\) \uff0c\u6613\u5f97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(2^h) = O(n)\\) \u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63a8\u7b97\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/","title":"8.1 \u00a0 \u5806","text":"<p>\u300c\u5806 heap\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u56fe 8-1 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u300c\u5927\u9876\u5806 max heap\u300d\uff1a\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c \\(\\geq\\) \u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u5c0f\u9876\u5806 min heap\u300d\uff1a\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c \\(\\leq\\) \u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-1 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u9876\u5806\u4e0e\u5927\u9876\u5806 </p> <p>\u5806\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u9760\u5de6\u586b\u5145\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u586b\u6ee1\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5806\u9876\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u5e95\u5c42\u6700\u9760\u53f3\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5806\u5e95\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u9876\u5806\uff08\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff09\uff0c\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5373\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u7684\u503c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u6700\u5927\uff08\u6700\u5c0f\uff09\u7684\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#811","title":"8.1.1 \u00a0 \u5806\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u300c\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217 priority queue\u300d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u961f\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5806\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5927\u9876\u5806\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u987a\u5e8f\u51fa\u961f\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u3002\u4ece\u4f7f\u7528\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u201c\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5806\u201d\u770b\u4f5c\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5bf9\u4e24\u8005\u4e0d\u505a\u7279\u522b\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5806\u201c\u6765\u547d\u540d\u3002</p> <p>\u5806\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u89c1\u8868 8-1 \uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 8-1 \u00a0 \u5806\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387 </p> \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u63cf\u8ff0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 push() \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 \\(O(\\log n)\\) pop() \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 \\(O(\\log n)\\) peek() \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5927 / \u5c0f\u9876\u5806\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u6700\u5927 / \u5c0f\u503c\uff09 \\(O(1)\\) size() \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf \\(O(1)\\) isEmpty() \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5806\u7c7b\uff08\u6216\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\uff09\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u6392\u5217\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539 Comparator \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5927\u9876\u5806\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig heap.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\nmin_heap, flag = [], 1\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\nmax_heap, flag = [], -1\n# Python \u7684 heapq \u6a21\u5757\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\n# \u8003\u8651\u5c06\u201c\u5143\u7d20\u53d6\u8d1f\u201d\u540e\u518d\u5165\u5806\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u98a0\u5012\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5927\u9876\u5806\n# \u5728\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cflag = 1 \u65f6\u5bf9\u5e94\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0cflag = -1 \u65f6\u5bf9\u5e94\u5927\u9876\u5806\n# \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 1)\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 3)\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 2)\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 5)\nheapq.heappush(max_heap, flag * 4)\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\npeek: int = flag * max_heap[0] # 5\n# \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\n# \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 5\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 4\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 3\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 2\nval = flag * heapq.heappop(max_heap) # 1\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f\nsize: int = len(max_heap)\n# \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\nis_empty: bool = not max_heap\n# \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806\nmin_heap: list[int] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]\nheapq.heapify(min_heap)\n</code></pre> heap.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\npriority_queue&lt;int, vector&lt;int&gt;, greater&lt;int&gt;&gt; minHeap;\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\npriority_queue&lt;int, vector&lt;int&gt;, less&lt;int&gt;&gt; maxHeap;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nmaxHeap.push(1);\nmaxHeap.push(3);\nmaxHeap.push(2);\nmaxHeap.push(5);\nmaxHeap.push(4);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = maxHeap.top(); // 5\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 5\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 4\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 3\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 2\nmaxHeap.pop(); // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nint size = maxHeap.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = maxHeap.empty();\n/* \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806 */\nvector&lt;int&gt; input{1, 3, 2, 5, 4};\npriority_queue&lt;int, vector&lt;int&gt;, greater&lt;int&gt;&gt; minHeap(input.begin(), input.end());\n</code></pre> heap.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\nQueue&lt;Integer&gt; minHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;&gt;();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539 Comparator \u5373\u53ef\uff09\nQueue&lt;Integer&gt; maxHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;&gt;((a, b) -&gt; b - a);\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nmaxHeap.offer(1);\nmaxHeap.offer(3);\nmaxHeap.offer(2);\nmaxHeap.offer(5);\nmaxHeap.offer(4);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = maxHeap.peek(); // 5\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 5\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 4\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 3\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 2\npeek = maxHeap.poll(); // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nint size = maxHeap.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nboolean isEmpty = maxHeap.isEmpty();\n/* \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806 */\nminHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(1, 3, 2, 5, 4));\n</code></pre> heap.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\nPriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt; minHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt;();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539 Comparator \u5373\u53ef\uff09\nPriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt; maxHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt;(Comparer&lt;int&gt;.Create((x, y) =&gt; y - x));\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(1, 1);\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(3, 3);\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(2, 2);\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(5, 5);\nmaxHeap.Enqueue(4, 4);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = maxHeap.Peek();//5\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 5\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 4\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 3\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 2\npeek = maxHeap.Dequeue();  // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nint size = maxHeap.Count;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = maxHeap.Count == 0;\n/* \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806 */\nminHeap = new PriorityQueue&lt;int, int&gt;(new List&lt;(int, int)&gt; { (1, 1), (3, 3), (2, 2), (5, 5), (4, 4), });\n</code></pre> heap.go<pre><code>// Go \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0 heap.Interface \u6765\u6784\u5efa\u6574\u6570\u5927\u9876\u5806\n// \u5b9e\u73b0 heap.Interface \u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0 sort.Interface\ntype intHeap []any\n// Push heap.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a8\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u5230\u5806\nfunc (h *intHeap) Push(x any) {\n// Push \u548c Pop \u4f7f\u7528 pointer receiver \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\n// \u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5207\u7247\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u5207\u7247\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\n*h = append(*h, x.(int))\n}\n// Pop heap.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f39\u51fa\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nfunc (h *intHeap) Pop() any {\n// \u5f85\u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u6700\u540e\nlast := (*h)[len(*h)-1]\n*h = (*h)[:len(*h)-1]\nreturn last\n}\n// Len sort.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\nfunc (h *intHeap) Len() int {\nreturn len(*h)\n}\n// Less sort.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\nfunc (h *intHeap) Less(i, j int) bool {\n// \u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u53f7\nreturn (*h)[i].(int) &gt; (*h)[j].(int)\n}\n// Swap sort.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\nfunc (h *intHeap) Swap(i, j int) {\n(*h)[i], (*h)[j] = (*h)[j], (*h)[i]\n}\n// Top \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\nfunc (h *intHeap) Top() any {\nreturn (*h)[0]\n}\n/* Driver Code */\nfunc TestHeap(t *testing.T) {\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\nmaxHeap := &amp;intHeap{}\nheap.Init(maxHeap)\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\n// \u8c03\u7528 heap.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 1)\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 3)\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 2)\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 4)\nheap.Push(maxHeap, 5)\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\ntop := maxHeap.Top()\nfmt.Printf(\"\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a %d\\n\", top)\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u8c03\u7528 heap.Interface \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6765\u79fb\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 5\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 4\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 3\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 2\nheap.Pop(maxHeap) // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nsize := len(*maxHeap)\nfmt.Printf(\"\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a %d\\n\", size)\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty := len(*maxHeap) == 0\nfmt.Printf(\"\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a %t\\n\", isEmpty)\n}\n</code></pre> heap.swift<pre><code>// Swift \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.js<pre><code>// JavaScript \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.ts<pre><code>// TypeScript \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.dart<pre><code>// Dart \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.rs<pre><code>use std::collections::BinaryHeap;\nuse std::cmp::Reverse;\n/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5806 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\nlet mut min_heap = BinaryHeap::&lt;Reverse&lt;i32&gt;&gt;::new();\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5927\u9876\u5806\nlet mut max_heap = BinaryHeap::new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 */\nmax_heap.push(1);\nmax_heap.push(3);\nmax_heap.push(2);\nmax_heap.push(5);\nmax_heap.push(4);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet peek = max_heap.peek().unwrap();  // 5\n/* \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 */\n// \u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 5\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 4\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 3\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 2\nlet peek = max_heap.pop().unwrap();   // 1\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u5806\u5927\u5c0f */\nlet size = max_heap.len();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u5806\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet is_empty = max_heap.is_empty();\n/* \u8f93\u5165\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5efa\u5806 */\nlet min_heap = BinaryHeap::from(vec![Reverse(1), Reverse(3), Reverse(2), Reverse(5), Reverse(4)]);\n</code></pre> heap.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e Heap \u7c7b\n</code></pre> heap.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#812","title":"8.1.2 \u00a0 \u5806\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e0b\u6587\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u5927\u9876\u5806\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u53d6\u9006\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06 \\(\\geq\\) \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a \\(\\leq\\) \uff09\u3002\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5806\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5806\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u91c7\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5806\u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u65f6\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u503c\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee3\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 8-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5176\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(2i + 1\\) \uff0c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(2i + 2\\) \uff0c\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\((i - 1) / 2\\)\uff08\u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-2 \u00a0 \u5806\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8 </p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7d22\u5f15\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{#left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{#right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{#parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{_left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{_right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{_parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u5373\u4e3a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5217\u8868\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 <code>val</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5806\u5e95\u3002\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e val \u53ef\u80fd\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d\u4ece\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5806\u5316 heapify\u300d\u3002</p> <p>\u8003\u8651\u4ece\u5165\u5806\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u6267\u884c\u5806\u5316\u3002\u5982\u56fe 8-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6bd4\u8f83\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u5176\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u7136\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u4fee\u590d\u5806\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u9047\u5230\u65e0\u987b\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-3 \u00a0 \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u8bbe\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5219\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5806\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u8f6e\u6570\u6700\u591a\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{sift_up}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{#siftUp}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{sift_up}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806","text":"<p>\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u5217\u8868\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9996\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u5f97\u540e\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u5806\u5316\u4fee\u590d\u53d8\u5f97\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u53d8\u52a8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u4ea4\u6362\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5806\u5e95\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u4ea4\u6362\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u5806\u5e95\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5220\u9664\u7684\u662f\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u6267\u884c\u5806\u5316\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5982\u56fe 8-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\u201d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u201c\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5806\u5316\u201d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u4e0e\u5176\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u9047\u5230\u65e0\u987b\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-4 \u00a0 \u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u4e0e\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig my_heap.py<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{sift_down}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cpp<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}\n</code></pre> my_heap.java<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}\n</code></pre> my_heap.cs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}\n</code></pre> my_heap.go<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}\n</code></pre> my_heap.swift<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}\n</code></pre> my_heap.js<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{#siftDown}\n</code></pre> my_heap.ts<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}\n</code></pre> my_heap.dart<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}\n</code></pre> my_heap.rs<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{sift_down}\n</code></pre> my_heap.c<pre><code>[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}\n</code></pre> my_heap.zig<pre><code>[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{pop}\n[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/heap/#813","title":"8.1.3 \u00a0 \u5806\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\uff1a\u5806\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7684\u9996\u9009\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff0c\u800c\u5efa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</li> <li>\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5806\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u6267\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u7ae0\u8282\u3002</li> <li>\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9009\u62e9\u70ed\u5ea6\u524d 10 \u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fae\u535a\u70ed\u641c\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u9500\u91cf\u524d 10 \u7684\u5546\u54c1\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/summary/","title":"8.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_heap/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u5806\u662f\u4e00\u68f5\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6210\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u5927\u9876\u5806\u548c\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\u3002\u5927\uff08\u5c0f\uff09\u9876\u5806\u7684\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6700\u5927\uff08\u5c0f\uff09\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5177\u6709\u51fa\u961f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5806\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5806\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806 \\(O(\\log n)\\)\u3001\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5806\u3002</li> <li>\u5806\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u5806\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5728\u5165\u5806\u548c\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u90fd\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u3002</li> <li>\u8f93\u5165 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u5efa\u5806\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</li> <li>Top-K \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5806\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u9ad8\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log k)\\) \u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u201c\u5806\u201d\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u201c\u5806\u201d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e24\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u78b0\u5de7\u90fd\u53eb\u5806\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5806\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u5806\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5982\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u7b49\u590d\u6742\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6808\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u548c\u91ce\u6307\u9488\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/top_k/","title":"8.3 \u00a0 Top-K \u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u524d \\(k\\) \u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e24\u79cd\u601d\u8def\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u518d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5806\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/top_k/#831","title":"8.3.1 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u904d\u5386\u9009\u62e9","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe 8-6 \u6240\u793a\u7684 \\(k\\) \u8f6e\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7b2c \\(1\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(k\\) \u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(nk)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e \\(k \\ll n\\) \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53 \\(k\\) \u4e0e \\(n\\) \u6bd4\u8f83\u63a5\u8fd1\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-6 \u00a0 \u904d\u5386\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 </p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5f53 \\(k = n\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u201c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/top_k/#832","title":"8.3.2 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 8-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u201c\u8d85\u989d\u201d\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6392\u5e8f\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-7 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_heap/top_k/#833","title":"8.3.3 \u00a0 \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u5806","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u89e3\u51b3 Top-K \u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 8-8 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0c\u5176\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u6700\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5148\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u5165\u5806\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u7b2c \\(k + 1\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u82e5\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5165\u5806\u3002</li> <li>\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5806\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 8-8 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u5927\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 </p> <p>\u603b\u5171\u6267\u884c\u4e86 \\(n\\) \u8f6e\u5165\u5806\u548c\u51fa\u5806\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(k\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log k)\\) \u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5f53 \\(k\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8d8b\u5411 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1b\u5f53 \\(k\\) \u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u7ef4\u62a4\u5806\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u5927 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig top_k.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{top_k_heap}\n</code></pre> top_k.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.java<pre><code>[class]{top_k}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.cs<pre><code>[class]{top_k}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{top_k_heap}\n</code></pre> top_k.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre> top_k.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/","title":"\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u521d\u8bc6\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c11\u5973\u7fe9\u7fe9\u8d77\u821e\uff0c\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u88d9\u6446\u4e0a\u98d8\u626c\u7740\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65cb\u5f8b\u3002</p> <p>\u5979\u9080\u8bf7\u4f60\u5171\u821e\uff0c\u8bf7\u7d27\u8ddf\u5979\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u8e0f\u5165\u5145\u6ee1\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u7f8e\u611f\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e16\u754c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>1.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728</li> <li>1.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48</li> <li>1.3 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/algorithms_are_everywhere/","title":"1.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728","text":"<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u542c\u5230\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u6570\u5b66\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u590d\u6742\u6570\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u903b\u8f91\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5904\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a2\u8ba8\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u503c\u5f97\u5206\u4eab\uff1a\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u4e2d\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e60\u60ef\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4e86\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4e3e\u51e0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bc1\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a\u67e5\u9605\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u91cc\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u62fc\u97f3\uff0c\u800c\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u6309\u7167\u62fc\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u7684\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u62fc\u97f3\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e3a \\(r\\) \u7684\u5b57\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u56fe 1-1 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u7ffb\u5f00\u5b57\u5178\u7ea6\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u9875\u6570\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u8be5\u9875\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e3a \\(m\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u62fc\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u4e2d \\(r\\) \u4f4d\u4e8e \\(m\\) \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u8303\u56f4\u7f29\u5c0f\u5230\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u590d\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>1.</code> \u548c \u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u62fc\u97f3\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e3a \\(r\\) \u7684\u9875\u7801\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-1 \u00a0 \u67e5\u5b57\u5178\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u67e5\u9605\u5b57\u5178\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5b66\u751f\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\uff1b\u4ece\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u67e5\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u4e8c\uff1a\u6574\u7406\u6251\u514b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6253\u724c\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c40\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6574\u7406\u6251\u514b\u724c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 1-2 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06\u6251\u514b\u724c\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u6709\u5e8f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u65e0\u5e8f\u201d\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u5047\u8bbe\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u6700\u5de6 1 \u5f20\u6251\u514b\u724c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u65e0\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u62bd\u51fa\u4e00\u5f20\u6251\u514b\u724c\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u81f3\u6709\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u6700\u5de6 2 \u5f20\u6251\u514b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u5c06\u4e00\u5f20\u6251\u514b\u724c\u4ece\u65e0\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\u63d2\u5165\u81f3\u6709\u5e8f\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u6251\u514b\u724c\u90fd\u6709\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-2 \u00a0 \u6251\u514b\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6574\u7406\u6251\u514b\u724c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5c0f\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8eab\u5f71\u3002</p> <p>\u4f8b\u4e09\uff1a\u8d27\u5e01\u627e\u96f6\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8d85\u5e02\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86 \\(69\\) \u5143\u7684\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e86\u6536\u94f6\u5458 \\(100\\) \u5143\uff0c\u5219\u6536\u94f6\u5458\u9700\u8981\u627e\u6211\u4eec \\(31\\) \u5143\u3002\u4ed6\u4f1a\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u5982\u56fe 1-3 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u662f\u6bd4 \\(31\\) \u5143\u9762\u503c\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u5305\u62ec \\(1\\) \u5143\u3001\\(5\\) \u5143\u3001\\(10\\) \u5143\u3001\\(20\\) \u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u62ff\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(20\\) \u5143\uff0c\u5269\u4f59 \\(31 - 20 = 11\\) \u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u5269\u4f59\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u62ff\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(10\\) \u5143\uff0c\u5269\u4f59 \\(11 - 10 = 1\\) \u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u5269\u4f59\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u62ff\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7684 \\(1\\) \u5143\uff0c\u5269\u4f59 \\(1 - 1 = 0\\) \u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u5b8c\u6210\u627e\u96f6\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u4e3a \\(20 + 10 + 1 = 31\\) \u5143\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-3 \u00a0 \u8d27\u5e01\u627e\u96f6\u8fc7\u7a0b </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u91c7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u770b\u6765\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u5927\u9762\u989d\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u627e\u96f6\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u8d2a\u5fc3\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u5c0f\u5230\u70f9\u996a\u4e00\u9053\u83dc\uff0c\u5927\u5230\u661f\u9645\u822a\u884c\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u7528 CPU \u548c GPU \u6267\u884c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u628a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u4ecd\u611f\u5230\u4e00\u77e5\u534a\u89e3\uff0c\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80\u4e0b\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5c06\u5f15\u5bfc\u4f60\u8fc8\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6bbf\u5802\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/summary/","title":"1.3 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9065\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\u7684\u9ad8\u6df1\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u4e2d\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u9605\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7b97\u6cd5\u601d\u60f3\u3002</li> <li>\u6574\u7406\u6251\u514b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u6392\u5e8f\u5c0f\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002</li> <li>\u8d27\u5e01\u627e\u96f6\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u91c7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u770b\u6765\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u6709\u9650\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u89e3\u51b3\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u800c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5219\u662f\u53d1\u6325\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e3a\u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728\uff0c\u79ef\u6728\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u79ef\u6728\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/","title":"1.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48","text":""},{"location":"chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/#121","title":"1.2.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49","text":"<p>\u300c\u7b97\u6cd5 algorithm\u300d\u662f\u5728\u6709\u9650\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u89e3\u51b3\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u660e\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6709\u9650\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</li> <li>\u5404\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u59cb\u7ec8\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/#122","title":"1.2.2 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9a\u4e49","text":"<p>\u300c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 data structure\u300d\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u8282\u7701\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8868\u793a\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f7f\u5f97\u7b97\u6cd5\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u6743\u8861\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u67d0\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f5c\u51fa\u59a5\u534f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4e3e\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u94fe\u8868\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u66f4\u52a0\u4fbf\u6377\uff0c\u4f46\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/#123","title":"1.2.3 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 1-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u3001\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\u7b97\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u672c\u8eab\u4ec5\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u7b97\u6cd5\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5dee\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-4 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb </p> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u72b9\u5982\u56fe 1-5 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728\u3002\u4e00\u5957\u79ef\u6728\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5305\u542b\u8bb8\u591a\u96f6\u4ef6\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9644\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u7ec4\u88c5\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u7167\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u7ec4\u88c5\u51fa\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u79ef\u6728\u6a21\u578b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 1-5 \u00a0 \u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728 </p> <p>\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u8868 1-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 1-1 \u00a0 \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e3a\u79ef\u6728 </p> \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5 \u62fc\u88c5\u79ef\u6728 \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e \u672a\u62fc\u88c5\u7684\u79ef\u6728 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 \u79ef\u6728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f62\u72b6\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49 \u7b97\u6cd5 \u628a\u79ef\u6728\u62fc\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4 \u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e \u79ef\u6728\u6a21\u578b <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5f97\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4fd7\u6210\u7684\u7b80\u79f0</p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u8ba8\u8bba\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u201c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684 LeetCode \u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/","title":"\u7b2c 0 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u524d\u8a00","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u72b9\u5982\u7f8e\u5999\u7684\u4ea4\u54cd\u4e50\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u50cf\u97f5\u5f8b\u822c\u6d41\u6dcc\u3002</p> <p>\u613f\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u8111\u6d77\u4e2d\u8f7b\u8f7b\u54cd\u8d77\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u72ec\u7279\u800c\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u65cb\u5f8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>0.1 \u00a0 \u5173\u4e8e\u672c\u4e66</li> <li>0.2 \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u4e66</li> <li>0.3 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/about_the_book/","title":"0.1 \u00a0 \u5173\u4e8e\u672c\u4e66","text":"<p>\u672c\u9879\u76ee\u65e8\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u672c\u5f00\u6e90\u514d\u8d39\u3001\u65b0\u624b\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5168\u4e66\u91c7\u7528\u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5730\u8bb2\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u6e05\u6670\u6613\u61c2\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u66f2\u7ebf\u5e73\u6ed1\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7686\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u652f\u6301 Java\u3001C++\u3001Python\u3001Go\u3001JS\u3001TS\u3001C#\u3001Swift\u3001Rust\u3001Dart\u3001Zig \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u3002</li> <li>\u9f13\u52b1\u8bfb\u8005\u5728\u7ae0\u8282\u8ba8\u8bba\u533a\u4e92\u5e2e\u4e92\u52a9\u3001\u5171\u540c\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u63d0\u95ee\u4e0e\u8bc4\u8bba\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u5728\u4e24\u65e5\u5185\u5f97\u5230\u56de\u590d\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/about_the_book/#011","title":"0.1.1 \u00a0 \u8bfb\u8005\u5bf9\u8c61","text":"<p>\u82e5\u60a8\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u521d\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5237\u9898\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u6709\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u53cd\u590d\u6a2a\u8df3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6b63\u662f\u4e3a\u60a8\u91cf\u8eab\u5b9a\u5236\uff01</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e00\u5b9a\u5237\u9898\u91cf\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9898\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u672c\u4e66\u53ef\u52a9\u60a8\u56de\u987e\u4e0e\u68b3\u7406\u7b97\u6cd5\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ed3\u5e93\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u201c\u5237\u9898\u5de5\u5177\u5e93\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b57\u5178\u201d\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u82e5\u60a8\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5927\u795e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u6536\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u8d77\u53c2\u4e0e\u521b\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6</p> <p>\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u81f3\u5c11\u5177\u5907\u4efb\u4e00\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u5355\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/about_the_book/#012","title":"0.1.2 \u00a0 \u5185\u5bb9\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u56fe 0-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u63a8\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u6811\u3001\u5806\u3001\u56fe\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u56de\u6eaf\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3001\u6548\u7387\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3001\u89e3\u9898\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u9898\u76ee\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-1 \u00a0 Hello \u7b97\u6cd5\u5185\u5bb9\u7ed3\u6784 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/about_the_book/#013","title":"0.1.3 \u00a0 \u81f4\u8c22","text":"<p>\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u611f\u8c22\u6211\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u674e\u6c50\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u7545\u8c08\u4e2d\u60a8\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u201c\u5feb\u884c\u52a8\u8d77\u6765\u201d\uff0c\u575a\u5b9a\u4e86\u6211\u5199\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002</li> <li>\u611f\u8c22\u6211\u7684\u5973\u670b\u53cb\u6ce1\u6ce1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9996\u4f4d\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u4ece\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c0f\u767d\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u63d0\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9d\u8d35\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u672c\u4e66\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u65b0\u624b\u9605\u8bfb\u3002</li> <li>\u611f\u8c22\u817e\u5b9d\u3001\u7426\u5b9d\u3001\u98de\u5b9d\u4e3a\u672c\u4e66\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bcc\u6709\u521b\u610f\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5524\u8d77\u5927\u5bb6\u5199\u4e0b\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801 \"Hello World!\" \u7684\u7f8e\u597d\u56de\u5fc6\u3002</li> <li>\u611f\u8c22\u82cf\u6f7c\u4e3a\u672c\u4e66\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u5c01\u9762\u548c LOGO \uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u75c7\u4e0b\u591a\u6b21\u8010\u5fc3\u4fee\u6539\u3002</li> <li>\u611f\u8c22 @squidfunk \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u6392\u7248\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u6587\u6863\u4e3b\u9898 Material-for-MkDocs \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u5199\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6559\u6750\u548c\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e3a\u672c\u4e66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u8303\u672c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u672c\u4e66\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u4e0e\u54c1\u8d28\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u611f\u8c22\u6240\u6709\u8001\u5e08\u548c\u524d\u8f88\u4eec\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff01</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5021\u5bfc\u624b\u8111\u5e76\u7528\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\u6df1\u53d7\u300a\u52a8\u624b\u5b66\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u300b\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u5411\u5404\u4f4d\u8bfb\u8005\u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350\u8fd9\u672c\u4f18\u79c0\u8457\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u8877\u5fc3\u611f\u8c22\u6211\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4f60\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u9f13\u52b1\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u505a\u8fd9\u4ef6\u5bcc\u6709\u8da3\u5473\u7684\u4e8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/","title":"0.2 \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u4e66","text":"<p>Tip</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u901a\u8bfb\u672c\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#021","title":"0.2.1 \u00a0 \u884c\u6587\u98ce\u683c\u7ea6\u5b9a","text":"<ul> <li>\u6807\u9898\u540e\u6807\u6ce8 <code>*</code> \u7684\u662f\u9009\u8bfb\u7ae0\u8282\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u5bf9\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u3002</li> <li>\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u6709\u7279\u6307\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u8bcd\u53e5\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>\u201c\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u201d</code> \u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6b67\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u91cd\u8981\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u53ca\u5176\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f1a\u7528 <code>\u300c \u300d</code> \u62ec\u53f7\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>\u300c\u6570\u7ec4 array\u300d</code> \u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u732e\u3002</li> <li>\u52a0\u7c97\u7684\u6587\u5b57 \u8868\u793a\u91cd\u70b9\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u603b\u7ed3\u6027\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6587\u5b57\u503c\u5f97\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5747\u4ee5 Python \u4e3a\u51c6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u672c\u4e66\u90e8\u5206\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4ee5\u6362\u53d6\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u51d1\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6392\u7248\u3002\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\u3001\u591a\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>\"\"\"\u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49\"\"\"\n# \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n\"\"\"\n\u591a\u884c\n\u6ce8\u91ca\n\"\"\"\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49 */\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n/**\n * \u591a\u884c\n * \u6ce8\u91ca\n */\n</code></pre> <pre><code>// \u6807\u9898\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\u7b49\n// \u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8be6\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\n// \u591a\u884c\n// \u6ce8\u91ca\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#022","title":"0.2.2 \u00a0 \u5728\u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u5b66\u4e60","text":"<p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u89c6\u9891\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u548c\u96be\u70b9\u77e5\u8bc6\u5c06\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u753b\u548c\u56fe\u89e3\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u6587\u5b57\u5219\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52a8\u753b\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0e\u8865\u5145\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u67d0\u6bb5\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56fe 0-2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u753b\u6216\u56fe\u89e3\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ee5\u56fe\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3001\u4ee5\u6587\u5b57\u4e3a\u8f85\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u4e24\u8005\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-2 \u00a0 \u52a8\u753b\u56fe\u89e3\u793a\u4f8b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#023","title":"0.2.3 \u00a0 \u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u914d\u5957\u4ee3\u7801\u88ab\u6258\u7ba1\u5728 GitHub \u4ed3\u5e93\u3002\u5982\u56fe 0-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u9644\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u65f6\u95f4\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u53c2\u7167\u4ee3\u7801\u81ea\u884c\u6572\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u8bf7\u81f3\u5c11\u901a\u8bfb\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u6240\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u9605\u8bfb\u4ee3\u7801\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u6536\u83b7\u3002\u52a8\u624b\u5b66\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u771f\u7684\u5b66\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-3 \u00a0 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u6b65\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u672c\u5730\u7f16\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8bf7\u53c2\u7167\u9644\u5f55\u6559\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5219\u53ef\u8df3\u8fc7\u6b64\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u514b\u9686\u6216\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5 Git \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u514b\u9686\u672c\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002</p> <pre><code>git clone https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git\n</code></pre> <p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u56fe 0-4 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201cDownload ZIP\u201d\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4ee3\u7801\u538b\u7f29\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u672c\u5730\u89e3\u538b\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-4 \u00a0 \u514b\u9686\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e0e\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4ee3\u7801 </p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5982\u56fe 0-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9876\u90e8\u6807\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684 <code>codes</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5185\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8282\u7701\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-5 \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#024","title":"0.2.4 \u00a0 \u5728\u63d0\u95ee\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\u5171\u540c\u6210\u957f","text":"<p>\u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u8f7b\u6613\u8df3\u8fc7\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u5b66\u660e\u767d\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u63d0\u51fa\u4f60\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u548c\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u5c06\u7aed\u8bda\u4e3a\u4f60\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u5728\u4e24\u5929\u5185\u56de\u590d\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 0-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6bcf\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5e95\u90e8\u90fd\u914d\u6709\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u80fd\u591a\u5173\u6ce8\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5927\u5bb6\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u67e5\u6f0f\u8865\u7f3a\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u4f60\u80fd\u6177\u6168\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u5176\u4ed6\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u60a8\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eba\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-6 \u00a0 \u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u793a\u4f8b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/suggestions/#025","title":"0.2.5 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf","text":"<p>\u4ece\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u5165\u95e8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u719f\u6089\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u540c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u7528\u9014\u548c\u6548\u7387\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</li> <li>\u5237\u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u4ece\u70ed\u95e8\u9898\u76ee\u5f00\u5237\uff0c\u5982\u5251\u6307 Offer\u548cLeetCode Hot 100\uff0c\u5148\u79ef\u7d2f\u81f3\u5c11 100 \u9053\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u521d\u6b21\u5237\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u9057\u5fd8\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf7\u653e\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u201c\u827e\u5bbe\u6d69\u65af\u9057\u5fd8\u66f2\u7ebf\u201d\u6765\u590d\u4e60\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u8fdb\u884c 3-5 \u8f6e\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5c06\u5176\u7262\u8bb0\u5728\u5fc3\u3002</li> <li>\u642d\u5efa\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e13\u680f\u6587\u7ae0\u3001\u89e3\u9898\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e30\u5bcc\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u5237\u9898\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91c7\u7528\u8fdb\u9636\u5237\u9898\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5982\u6309\u4e13\u9898\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u4e00\u9898\u591a\u89e3\u3001\u4e00\u89e3\u591a\u9898\u7b49\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5237\u9898\u5fc3\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u793e\u533a\u627e\u5230\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u5982\u56fe 0-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u6db5\u76d6\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u201d\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5c55\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 0-7 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf </p>"},{"location":"chapter_preface/summary/","title":"0.3 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53d7\u4f17\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u56de\u987e\u7b97\u6cd5\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e66\u5185\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5237\u9898\u5de5\u5177\u5e93\u201d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u4e66\u4e2d\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e3b\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5\u65b0\u624b\uff0c\u5728\u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u9605\u8bfb\u4e00\u672c\u5165\u95e8\u4e66\u7c4d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c11\u8d70\u8bb8\u591a\u5f2f\u8def\u3002</li> <li>\u4e66\u5185\u7684\u52a8\u753b\u548c\u56fe\u89e3\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u91cd\u70b9\u548c\u96be\u70b9\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u7ed9\u4e88\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u6ce8\u3002</li> <li>\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e43\u5b66\u4e60\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e4b\u6700\u4f73\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u8fd0\u884c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u4eb2\u81ea\u6572\u6253\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</li> <li>\u672c\u4e66\u7f51\u9875\u7248\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ae0\u8282\u90fd\u8bbe\u6709\u8ba8\u8bba\u533a\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u968f\u65f6\u5206\u4eab\u4f60\u7684\u7591\u60d1\u4e0e\u89c1\u89e3\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_reference/","title":"\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e","text":"<p>[1] Thomas H. Cormen, et al. Introduction to Algorithms (3<sup>rd</sup> Edition).</p> <p>[2] Aditya Bhargava. Grokking Algorithms: An Illustrated Guide for Programmers and Other Curious People (1<sup>st</sup> Edition).</p> <p>[3] \u4e25\u851a\u654f. \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08C \u8bed\u8a00\u7248\uff09.</p> <p>[4] \u9093\u4fca\u8f89. \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08C++ \u8bed\u8a00\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\uff09.</p> <p>[5] \u9a6c\u514b \u827e\u4f26 \u7ef4\u65af\u8457\uff0c\u9648\u8d8a\u8bd1. \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\uff1aJava\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\uff09.</p> <p>[6] \u7a0b\u6770. \u5927\u8bdd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784.</p> <p>[7] \u738b\u4e89. \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u7f8e.</p> <p>[8] Gayle Laakmann McDowell. Cracking the Coding Interview: 189 Programming Questions and Solutions (6<sup>th</sup> Edition). </p> <p>[9] Aston Zhang, et al. Dive into Deep Learning.</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/","title":"\u7b2c 10 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u641c\u7d22\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u5192\u9669\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6216\u8bb8\u9700\u8981\u8d70\u904d\u795e\u79d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89d2\u843d\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u9501\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u5bfb\u89c5\u4e4b\u65c5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u63a2\u7d22\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u66fe\u6599\u60f3\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>10.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e</li> <li>10.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9</li> <li>10.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\u754c</li> <li>10.4 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565</li> <li>10.5 \u00a0 \u91cd\u8bc6\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>10.6 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search/","title":"10.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e","text":"<p>\u300c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e binary search\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\u534a\u641c\u7d22\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8bf7\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \u5728\u8be5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u82e5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 10-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6307\u9488 \\(i = 0\\) \u548c \\(j = n - 1\\) \uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4 \\([0, n - 1]\\) \u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u5305\u542b\u8fb9\u754c\u503c\u672c\u8eab\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 \\(m = \\lfloor {(i + j) / 2} \\rfloor\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(\\lfloor \\: \\rfloor\\) \u8868\u793a\u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u5224\u65ad <code>nums[m]</code> \u548c <code>target</code> \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<ol> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] &lt; target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e <code>target</code> \u5728\u533a\u95f4 \\([m + 1, j]\\) \u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c \\(i = m + 1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] &gt; target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e <code>target</code> \u5728\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, m - 1]\\) \u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c \\(j = m - 1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] = target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u627e\u5230 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd4\u56de\u7d22\u5f15 \\(m\\) \u3002</li> </ol> </li> </ol> <p>\u82e5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6d41\u7a0b </p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u90fd\u662f <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 \\(i + j\\) \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8d85\u51fa <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5927\u6570\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u516c\u5f0f \\(m = \\lfloor {i + (j - i) / 2} \\rfloor\\) \u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search}\n</code></pre> binary_search.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search.java<pre><code>[class]{binary_search}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search.cs<pre><code>[class]{binary_search}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search}\n</code></pre> binary_search.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> binary_search.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}\n</code></pre> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff1a\u5728\u4e8c\u5206\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u533a\u95f4\u6bcf\u8f6e\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e3a \\(\\log_2 n\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(1)\\) \uff1a\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search/#1011","title":"10.1.1 \u00a0 \u533a\u95f4\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u5916\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u533a\u95f4\u8868\u793a\u8fd8\u6709\u201c\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u201d\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a \\([0, n)\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\uff0c\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, j]\\) \u5728 \\(i = j\\) \u65f6\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u8be5\u8868\u793a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_lcro}\n</code></pre> binary_search.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> binary_search.java<pre><code>[class]{binary_search}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> binary_search.cs<pre><code>[class]{binary_search}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> binary_search.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> binary_search.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> binary_search.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> binary_search.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> binary_search.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> binary_search.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_lcro}\n</code></pre> binary_search.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> binary_search.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLCRO}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5982\u56fe 10-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u533a\u95f4\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u7f29\u5c0f\u533a\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u7686\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u201d\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u7684\u5de6\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c\u90fd\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u7f29\u5c0f\u533a\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u66f4\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u822c\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-3 \u00a0 \u4e24\u79cd\u533a\u95f4\u5b9a\u4e49 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search/#1012","title":"10.1.2 \u00a0 \u4f18\u70b9\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u3002\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n = 2^{20}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u9700\u8981 \\(2^{20} = 1048576\\) \u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u800c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ec5\u9700 \\(\\log_2 2^{20} = 20\\) \u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u65e0\u987b\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\uff09\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u66f4\u52a0\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u975e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u82e5\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65e0\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u800c\u4e13\u95e8\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5f97\u4e0d\u507f\u5931\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \uff0c\u6bd4\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u90fd\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u7ec4\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u9700\u8981\u8df3\u8dc3\u5f0f\uff08\u975e\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\uff09\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u8df3\u8dc3\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u4f73\u3002\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u53ea\u9700\u8981 1 \u6b21\u5224\u65ad\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981 1 \u6b21\u52a0\u6cd5\u30011 \u6b21\u9664\u6cd5\u30011 ~ 3 \u6b21\u5224\u65ad\u64cd\u4f5c\u30011 \u6b21\u52a0\u6cd5\uff08\u51cf\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u5171 4 ~ 6 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u91cf \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u53cd\u800c\u6bd4\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/","title":"10.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\u754c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/#1031","title":"10.3.1 \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u82e5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u56de\u5fc6\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5b8c\u6210\u540e \\(i\\) \u6307\u5411\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u8d8a\u754c\u3002</li> <li>\u5143\u7d20 <code>nums[i]</code> \u4e0e <code>target</code> \u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de \\(-1\\) \u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_edge.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_left_edge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.java<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_edge}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.cs<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_edge}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_left_edge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchLeftEdge}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/#1032","title":"10.3.2 \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c","text":"<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u5462\uff1f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u5728 <code>nums[m] == target</code> \u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6536\u7f29\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u6b64\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e24\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u53d6\u5de7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u590d\u7528\u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c","text":"<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a\u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target + 1</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 10-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u6307\u5411\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target + 1</code>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\uff09\uff0c\u800c \\(j\\) \u6307\u5411\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd4\u56de \\(j\\) \u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-7 \u00a0 \u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u8fb9\u754c </p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u662f \\(i\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u51cf \\(1\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97 \\(j\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_edge.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_right_edge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.java<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_edge}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.cs<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_edge}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_right_edge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre> binary_search_edge.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchRightEdge}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f1a\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 10-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\u5de6\u53f3\u8fb9\u754c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e <code>target - 0.5</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u53f3\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e <code>target + 0.5</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u9488 \\(j\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-8 \u00a0 \u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u8fb9\u754c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 </p> <p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u6b64\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5c0f\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u987b\u5173\u5fc3\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</li> <li>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5c0f\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf <code>target</code> \u6539\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/","title":"10.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9","text":"<p>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u53d8\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/#1021","title":"10.2.1 \u00a0 \u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u73b0\u5c06 <code>target</code> \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u3002\u82e5\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u5219\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5176\u5de6\u65b9\u3002\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u540e <code>target</code> \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e </p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u590d\u7528\u4e0a\u8282\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\uff1a\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u5426\u662f\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f</p> <p>\u9898\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u5c06 <code>target</code> \u63d2\u5165\u5230\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u7684 <code>target</code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e86\u539f\u6765 <code>target</code> \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5c31\u662f\u8be5 <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u95ee\u9898\u4e8c\uff1a\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f</p> <p>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u601d\u8003\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u5f53 <code>nums[m] &lt; target</code> \u65f6 \\(i\\) \u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u5728\u5411\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u9760\u8fd1\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u6307\u9488 \\(j\\) \u59cb\u7ec8\u5728\u5411\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u9760\u8fd1\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8c\u5206\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\uff1a\\(i\\) \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\\(j\\) \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6613\u5f97\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(i\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_insertion.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_insertion_simple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.java<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_insertion}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.cs<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_insertion}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_insertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertionSimple}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/#1022","title":"10.2.2 \u00a0 \u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002</p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a <code>target</code> \uff0c\u5219\u666e\u901a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u53ea\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\u548c\u53f3\u8fb9\u8fd8\u6709\u591a\u5c11 <code>target</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u9898\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6700\u5de6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u521d\u6b65\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe 10-5 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u6267\u884c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a <code>target</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(k\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15 \\(k\\) \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5411\u5de6\u8fdb\u884c\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5f53\u627e\u5230\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684 <code>target</code> \u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-5 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9 </p> <p>\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5305\u542b\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u590d\u7684 <code>target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u8003\u8651\u62d3\u5c55\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5982\u56fe 10-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15 \\(m\\) \uff0c\u518d\u5224\u65ad <code>target</code> \u548c <code>nums[m]</code> \u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] &lt; target</code> \u6216 <code>nums[m] &gt; target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u91c7\u7528\u666e\u901a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u7f29\u5c0f\u533a\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u5411 <code>target</code> \u9760\u8fd1\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>nums[m] == target</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u533a\u95f4 \\([i, m - 1]\\) \u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u91c7\u7528 \\(j = m - 1\\) \u6765\u7f29\u5c0f\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6307\u9488 \\(j\\) \u5411\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u9760\u8fd1\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\\(i\\) \u6307\u5411\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684 <code>target</code> \uff0c\\(j\\) \u6307\u5411\u9996\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7d22\u5f15 \\(i\\) \u5c31\u662f\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-6 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u5206\u652f <code>nums[m] &gt; target</code> \u548c <code>nums[m] == target</code> \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p> <p>\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5224\u65ad\u6761\u4ef6\u4fdd\u6301\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u903b\u8f91\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_insertion.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_insertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.java<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_insertion}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.cs<pre><code>[class]{binary_search_insertion}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binary_search_insertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> binary_search_insertion.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{binarySearchInsertion}\n</code></pre> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u53cc\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u201d\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u201d\u5199\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u65e0\u975e\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u5206\u522b\u8bbe\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 <code>target</code> \uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5c0f\u4e8e <code>target</code> \u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u4e8c\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u90fd\u9010\u6e10\u903c\u8fd1\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6216\u662f\u6210\u529f\u627e\u5230\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8d8a\u8fc7\u8fb9\u754c\u540e\u505c\u6b62\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/","title":"10.4 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565","text":"<p>\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u6765\u964d\u4f4e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u9898\u6765\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3\u3002</p> <p>Question</p> <p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20 <code>target</code> \uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u201c\u548c\u201d\u4e3a <code>target</code> \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/#1041","title":"10.4.1 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4","text":"<p>\u8003\u8651\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u5982\u56fe 10-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e24\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u5224\u65ad\u4e24\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u7684\u548c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a <code>target</code> \uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-9 \u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u6c42\u89e3\u4e24\u6570\u4e4b\u548c </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig two_sum.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{two_sum_brute_force}\n</code></pre> two_sum.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> two_sum.java<pre><code>[class]{two_sum}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> two_sum.cs<pre><code>[class]{two_sum}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> two_sum.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> two_sum.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> two_sum.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> two_sum.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> two_sum.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> two_sum.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{two_sum_brute_force}\n</code></pre> two_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> two_sum.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff0c\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/#1042","title":"10.4.2 \u00a0 \u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4","text":"<p>\u8003\u8651\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u6267\u884c\u56fe 10-10 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u5b57 <code>target - nums[i]</code> \u662f\u5426\u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 <code>nums[i]</code> \u548c\u7d22\u5f15 <code>i</code> \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-10 \u00a0 \u8f85\u52a9\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6c42\u89e3\u4e24\u6570\u4e4b\u548c </p> <p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700\u5355\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig two_sum.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{two_sum_hash_table}\n</code></pre> two_sum.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> two_sum.java<pre><code>[class]{two_sum}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> two_sum.cs<pre><code>[class]{two_sum}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> two_sum.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> two_sum.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> two_sum.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> two_sum.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> two_sum.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> two_sum.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{two_sum_hash_table}\n</code></pre> two_sum.c<pre><code>[class]{hashTable}-[func]{}\n[class]{}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> two_sum.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n^2)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u65f6\u7a7a\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u4e3a\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u662f\u672c\u9898\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/","title":"10.5 \u00a0 \u91cd\u8bc6\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5 searching algorithm\u300d\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6811\u6216\u56fe\uff09\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u73b0\u601d\u8def\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6811\u548c\u56fe\u7684\u904d\u5386\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u90fd\u5df2\u5728\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u5e76\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u3002\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ece\u66f4\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/#1051","title":"10.5.1 \u00a0 \u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u5230\u8fbe\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u4ecd\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u662f\u56fe\u548c\u6811\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u5c42\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u662f\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u8d70\u5230\u5934\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u518d\u56de\u6eaf\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u901a\u7528\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u505a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u548c\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u5dee\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/#1052","title":"10.5.2 \u00a0 \u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22","text":"<p>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff09\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u5229\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u7acb\u4e3a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6b64\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u751a\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u652f\u3002</p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/#1053","title":"10.5.3 \u00a0 \u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\u9009\u53d6","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u5982\u56fe 10-11 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 10-11 \u00a0 \u591a\u79cd\u641c\u7d22\u7b56\u7565 </p> <p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u7279\u6027\u5982\u8868 10-1 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 10-1 \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22 \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e \u6811\u67e5\u627e \u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(n)\\) \u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406 / \u6392\u5e8f \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u5efa\u6811 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u5efa\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 \\(O(n)\\) \u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5e8f \u65e0\u5e8f \u6709\u5e8f \u6709\u5e8f \u65e0\u5e8f <p>\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u8fd8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u91cf\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22</p> <ul> <li>\u901a\u7528\u6027\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u9700\u67e5\u8be2\u4e00\u6b21\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u8981\u66f4\u957f\u3002</li> <li>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4f53\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6548\u7387\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e</p> <ul> <li>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u8868\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u589e\u5220\u6570\u636e\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ef4\u62a4\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u8f83\u5927\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e</p> <ul> <li>\u9002\u5408\u5bf9\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u6216\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ef4\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u52a3\u5316\u98ce\u9669\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6811\u67e5\u627e</p> <ul> <li>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u662f\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u6216\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u5220\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u503e\u659c\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528 AVL \u6811\u6216\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\uff0c\u5219\u5404\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u5728 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u6548\u7387\u4e0b\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u7ef4\u62a4\u6811\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u5f00\u9500\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_searching/summary/","title":"10.6 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u9010\u6b65\u7f29\u51cf\u4e00\u534a\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u95f4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u67e5\u627e\u3002\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6709\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e14\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u548c\u6811\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u7528\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \u8f83\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u751a\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u91cf\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u5177\u4f53\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u7ebf\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u6216\u9891\u7e41\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u9002\u5408\u5bf9\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u4e14\u65e0\u987b\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u652f\u6301\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5927\u578b\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\u66ff\u6362\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ece \\(O(n)\\) \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/","title":"\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6392\u5e8f\u72b9\u5982\u4e00\u628a\u5c06\u6df7\u4e71\u53d8\u4e3a\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u9b54\u6cd5\u94a5\u5319\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002</p> <p>\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5347\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u90fd\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u548c\u8c10\u7f8e\u611f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>11.1 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>11.2 \u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.3 \u00a0 \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.4 \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.5 \u00a0 \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.6 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.7 \u00a0 \u5806\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.8 \u00a0 \u6876\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.9 \u00a0 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.10 \u00a0 \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>11.11 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/","title":"11.3 \u00a0 \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f bubble sort\u300d\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u4ea4\u6362\u76f8\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u50cf\u6c14\u6ce1\u4ece\u5e95\u90e8\u5347\u5230\u9876\u90e8\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f97\u540d\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 11-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u6a21\u62df\uff1a\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u53f3\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u201c\u5de6\u5143\u7d20 &gt; \u53f3\u5143\u7d20\u201d\u5c31\u4ea4\u6362\u5b83\u4fe9\u3002\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-4 \u00a0 \u5229\u7528\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u62df\u5192\u6ce1 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/#1131","title":"11.3.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u56fe 11-5 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bf9 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c</li> <li>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5bf9\u5269\u4f59 \\(n - 1\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7 \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u540e\uff0c\u524d \\(n - 1\\) \u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u4ec5\u5269\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6570\u7ec4\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-5 \u00a0 \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig bubble_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubble_sort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{bubble_sort}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{bubble_sort}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubble_sort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/#1132","title":"11.3.2 \u00a0 \u6548\u7387\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u8f6e\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d <code>flag</code> \u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73b0\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</p> <p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u5dee\u548c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ecd\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff1b\u4f46\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig bubble_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubble_sort_with_flag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{bubble_sort}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{bubble_sort}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubble_sort_with_flag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre> bubble_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/#1133","title":"11.3.3 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5404\u8f6e\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u904d\u5386\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a \\(n - 1\\)\u3001\\(n - 2\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \uff0c\u603b\u548c\u4e3a \\((n - 1) n / 2\\) \u3002\u5728\u5f15\u5165 <code>flag</code> \u4f18\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/","title":"11.8 \u00a0 \u6876\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u524d\u8ff0\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u5143\u7d20\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u65e0\u6cd5\u8d85\u8d8a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u51e0\u79cd\u201c\u975e\u6bd4\u8f83\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u6876\u6392\u5e8f bucket sort\u300d\u662f\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u6876\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff1b\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u522b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff1b\u6700\u7ec8\u6309\u7167\u6876\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/#1181","title":"11.8.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u8303\u56f4 \\([0, 1)\\) \u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3002\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-13 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u5c06 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u522b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u672c\u6587\u91c7\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u6309\u7167\u6876\u7684\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-13 \u00a0 \u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig bucket_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucket_sort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{bucket_sort}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{bucket_sort}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucket_sort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre> bucket_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/#1182","title":"11.8.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<p>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u4f53\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b 100 \u4e07\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f4\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6210 1000 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + k)\\) \uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(\\frac{n}{k}\\) \u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6392\u5e8f\u5355\u4e2a\u6876\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\frac{n}{k} \\log\\frac{n}{k})\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5219\u6392\u5e8f\u6240\u6709\u6876\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n \\log\\frac{n}{k})\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5f53\u6876\u6570\u91cf \\(k\\) \u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5219\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u6876\u548c\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u82b1\u8d39 \\(O(n + k)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e14\u6392\u5e8f\u8be5\u6876\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + k)\\)\u3001\u975e\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9 \\(k\\) \u4e2a\u6876\u548c\u603b\u5171 \\(n\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u7a33\u5b9a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u6876\u5185\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/#1183","title":"11.8.3 \u00a0 \u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d","text":"<p>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230 \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u5300\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u6dd8\u5b9d\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5546\u54c1\u6309\u4ef7\u683c\u8303\u56f4\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5230 10 \u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u5747\uff0c\u4f4e\u4e8e 100 \u5143\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e8e 1000 \u5143\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u5c11\u3002\u82e5\u5c06\u4ef7\u683c\u533a\u95f4\u5e73\u5747\u5212\u5206\u4e3a 10 \u4efd\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u6570\u91cf\u5dee\u8ddd\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7c97\u7565\u5730\u5206\u5230 3 \u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u3002\u5206\u914d\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5546\u54c1\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u6876\u7ee7\u7eed\u5212\u5206\u4e3a 3 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u6876\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 11-14 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5e73\u5747\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5212\u5206\u4e3a 3 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5212\u5206\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7279\u70b9\u7075\u6d3b\u9009\u62e9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-14 \u00a0 \u9012\u5f52\u5212\u5206\u6876 </p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u7279\u610f\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7279\u70b9\u91c7\u7528\u67d0\u79cd\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 11-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u670d\u4ece\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u5730\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4ef7\u683c\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u5546\u54c1\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-15 \u00a0 \u6839\u636e\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u5212\u5206\u6876 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/","title":"11.9 \u00a0 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f counting sort\u300d\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/#1191","title":"11.9.1 \u00a0 \u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5148\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\u201d\uff0c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-16 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a \\(m\\) \uff0c\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(m + 1\\) \u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4 <code>counter</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u501f\u52a9 <code>counter</code> \u7edf\u8ba1 <code>nums</code> \u4e2d\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>counter[num]</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u5b57 <code>num</code> \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u904d\u5386 <code>nums</code>\uff08\u8bbe\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u5b57\u4e3a <code>num</code>\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5c06 <code>counter[num]</code> \u589e\u52a0 \\(1\\) \u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> <li>\u7531\u4e8e <code>counter</code> \u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u5929\u7136\u6709\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u904d\u5386 <code>counter</code> \uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u6309\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u586b\u5165 <code>nums</code> \u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-16 \u00a0 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig counting_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{counting_sort_naive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{counting_sort}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{counting_sort}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{counting_sort_naive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSortNaive}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0e\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8054\u7cfb</p> <p>\u4ece\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u6570\u7ec4 <code>counter</code> \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u5c06\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u5c06\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6876\u4e2d\u3002\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u5728\u6574\u578b\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/#1192","title":"11.9.2 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>3.</code> \u5c31\u5931\u6548\u4e86\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5546\u54c1\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u6309\u7167\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\uff08\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u5bf9\u5546\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97 <code>counter</code> \u7684\u201c\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u201d\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15 <code>i</code> \u5904\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c <code>prefix[i]</code> \u7b49\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u524d <code>i</code> \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u548c\uff1a</p> \\[ \\text{prefix}[i] = \\sum_{j=0}^i \\text{counter[j]} \\] <p>\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c<code>prefix[num] - 1</code> \u4ee3\u8868\u5143\u7d20 <code>num</code> \u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e94\u8be5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 <code>num</code> \uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6b65\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5c06 <code>num</code> \u586b\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15 <code>prefix[num] - 1</code> \u5904\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c <code>prefix[num]</code> \u51cf\u5c0f \\(1\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e <code>num</code> \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 <code>res</code> \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 <code>nums</code> \u5373\u53ef\u3002\u56fe 11-17 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-17 \u00a0 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig counting_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{counting_sort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{counting_sort}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{counting_sort}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{counting_sort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre> counting_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/#1193","title":"11.9.3 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + m)\\) \uff1a\u6d89\u53ca\u904d\u5386 <code>nums</code> \u548c\u904d\u5386 <code>counter</code> \uff0c\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b \\(n \\gg m\\) \uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8d8b\u4e8e \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + m)\\)\u3001\u975e\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u501f\u52a9\u4e86\u957f\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u548c \\(m\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u548c <code>counter</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u5411 <code>res</code> \u4e2d\u586b\u5145\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u201c\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>nums</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6539\u53d8\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6b63\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>nums</code> \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/counting_sort/#1194","title":"11.9.4 \u00a0 \u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u975e\u5e38\u5de7\u5999\uff0c\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u91cf\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4e3a\u4e25\u683c\u3002</p> <p>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\u3002\u82e5\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5305\u542b\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u6574\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u5b57\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6b63\u6570\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u518d\u8f6c\u6362\u56de\u53bb\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d \\(m\\) \u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5360\u7528\u8fc7\u591a\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u800c\u5f53 \\(n \\ll m\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(m)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd8\u8981\u6162\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/heap_sort/","title":"11.7 \u00a0 \u5806\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>Tip</p> <p>\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u8282\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u5b66\u5b8c\u201c\u5806\u201c\u7ae0\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u5806\u6392\u5e8f heap sort\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u5c0f\u9876\u5806\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u65ad\u6267\u884c\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u8bb0\u5f55\u51fa\u5806\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f39\u51fa\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6d6a\u8d39\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/heap_sort/#1171","title":"11.7.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-12 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u5927\u9876\u5806\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5806\u9876\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u4e0e\u5806\u5e95\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u4ea4\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u51cf \\(1\\) \uff0c\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u52a0 \\(1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u5230\u5e95\u6267\u884c\u5806\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08Sift Down\uff09\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u5806\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5f97\u5230\u4fee\u590d\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u7b2c <code>2.</code> \u548c <code>3.</code> \u6b65\u3002\u5faa\u73af \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\u540e\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u7ec4\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ol> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u7b2c <code>2.</code> \u548c <code>3.</code> \u6b65\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f39\u51fa\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt;&lt;12&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-12 \u00a0 \u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0e\u5806\u7ae0\u8282\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 <code>sift_down()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u800c\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7ed9 <code>sift_down()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u53c2\u6570 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5806\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig heap_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{sift_down}\n[class]{}-[func]{heap_sort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{heap_sort}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{heap_sort}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{heap_sort}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{heap_sort}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{sift_down}\n[class]{}-[func]{heap_sort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre> heap_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{siftDown}\n[class]{}-[func]{heapSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/heap_sort/#1172","title":"11.7.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n \\log n)\\)\u3001\u975e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \uff0c\u5171\u5faa\u73af \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u51e0\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u548c\u5806\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u4ea4\u6362\u5806\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5806\u5e95\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/","title":"11.4 \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f insertion sort\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u624b\u52a8\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u526f\u724c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002</p> <p>\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u51c6\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5176\u5de6\u4fa7\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u9010\u4e00\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 11-6 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8bbe\u57fa\u51c6\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a <code>base</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u7d22\u5f15\u5230 <code>base</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06 <code>base</code> \u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-6 \u00a0 \u5355\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/#1141","title":"11.4.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-7 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7b2c 1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7b2c 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>base</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u7b2c 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>base</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>base</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-7 \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig insertion_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertion_sort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{insertion_sort}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{insertion_sort}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertion_sort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre> insertion_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{insertionSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/#1142","title":"11.4.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u522b\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(n - 1\\)\u3001\\(n-2\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u5f97\u5230 \\((n - 1) n / 2\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002\u5728\u9047\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u63d0\u524d\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u53f3\u4fa7\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/#1143","title":"11.4.3 \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u4f18\u52bf","text":"<p>\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u5373\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u76f8\u6bd4\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u9002\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u8fd9\u7c7b \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u5305\u542b\u66f4\u591a\u5355\u5143\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\\(n^2\\) \u548c \\(n \\log n\\) \u7684\u6570\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u8d77\u5230\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Java\uff09\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u601d\u8def\u4e3a\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u77ed\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u867d\u7136\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u663e\u8457\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5171\u6d89\u53ca 3 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u8d4b\u503c\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700 1 \u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/merge_sort/","title":"11.6 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f merge sort\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u56fe 11-10 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u201c\u5212\u5206\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5408\u5e76\u201d\u9636\u6bb5\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5904\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u5c06\u957f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u77ed\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5f53\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u5c06\u5de6\u53f3\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-10 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5212\u5206\u4e0e\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/merge_sort/#1161","title":"11.6.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 11-11 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\u201d\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece\u4e2d\u70b9\u5207\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u70b9 <code>mid</code> \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u5212\u5206\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u533a\u95f4 <code>[left, mid]</code> \uff09\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u533a\u95f4 <code>[mid + 1, right]</code> \uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u6267\u884c\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>1.</code> \uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u533a\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0c\u7ec8\u6b62\u9012\u5f52\u5212\u5206\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u201c\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\u201d\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5730\u5c06\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5f00\u59cb\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-11 \u00a0 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff1a\u5148\u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\uff0c\u518d\u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5148\u9012\u5f52\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u518d\u9012\u5f52\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig merge_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{merge_sort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{merge_sort}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{merge_sort}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{merge_sort}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{merge_sort}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{merge_sort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> merge_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{merge}\n[class]{}-[func]{mergeSort}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u5408\u5e76\u51fd\u6570 <code>merge()</code> \u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u96be\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u5404\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<code>nums</code> \u7684\u5f85\u5408\u5e76\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a <code>[left, right]</code> \uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e <code>tmp</code> \u4ec5\u590d\u5236\u4e86 <code>nums</code> \u8be5\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 <code>tmp</code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a <code>[0, right - left]</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83 <code>tmp[i]</code> \u548c <code>tmp[j]</code> \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8003\u8651\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373 <code>i &gt; leftEnd</code> \u548c <code>j &gt; rightEnd</code> \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u754c\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5408\u5e76\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/merge_sort/#1162","title":"11.6.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n \\log n)\\)\u3001\u975e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5212\u5206\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log n\\) \u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u603b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\)\u3001\u975e\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\log n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5408\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u5408\u5e76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/merge_sort/#1163","title":"11.6.3 \u00a0 \u94fe\u8868\u6392\u5e8f *","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u6392\u5e8f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5212\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u8fed\u4ee3\u201d\u66ff\u4ee3\u201c\u9012\u5f52\u201d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u94fe\u8868\u5212\u5206\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7701\u53bb\u9012\u5f52\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u589e\u5220\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ec5\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5408\u5e76\u9636\u6bb5\uff08\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u77ed\u6709\u5e8f\u94fe\u8868\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u6709\u5e8f\u94fe\u8868\uff09\u65e0\u987b\u521b\u5efa\u989d\u5916\u94fe\u8868\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u9605\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/","title":"11.5 \u00a0 \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f quick sort\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002</p> <p>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u5de6\u4fa7\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u53f3\u4fa7\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-8 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 <code>i</code> \u548c <code>j</code> \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e24\u7aef\u3002</li> <li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>i</code>\uff08<code>j</code>\uff09\u5206\u522b\u5bfb\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u5927\uff08\u5c0f\uff09\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \uff0c\u76f4\u5230 <code>i</code> \u548c <code>j</code> \u76f8\u9047\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-8 \u00a0 \u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u6210\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e14\u6ee1\u8db3\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4efb\u610f\u5143\u7d20 \\(\\leq\\) \u57fa\u51c6\u6570 \\(\\leq\\) \u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4efb\u610f\u5143\u7d20\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u53ea\u9700\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565</p> <p>\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u957f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f83\u77ed\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig quick_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{swap}\n[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{swap}\n[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{swap}\n[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{quickSort}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{swap}\n[class]{}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{swap}\n[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{swap}\n[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{_swap}\n[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{_partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{swap}\n[class]{}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{swap}\n[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1151","title":"11.5.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-9 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bf9\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u201d\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u522b\u9012\u5f52\u6267\u884c\u201c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u201d\u3002</li> <li>\u6301\u7eed\u9012\u5f52\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-9 \u00a0 \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u7a0b </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig quick_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quick_sort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{quickSort}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quick_sort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1152","title":"11.5.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n \\log n)\\)\u3001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u5e73\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u5c42\u6570\u4e3a \\(\\log n\\) \uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u603b\u5faa\u73af\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5c06\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u548c \\(n - 1\\) \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9012\u5f52\u5c42\u6570\u8fbe\u5230 \\(n\\) \u5c42\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u6570\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u5b8c\u5168\u5012\u5e8f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u672a\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u6570\u7ec4\u3002</li> <li>\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5728\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u53f3\u4fa7\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1153","title":"11.5.3 \u00a0 \u5feb\u6392\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5feb\uff1f","text":"<p>\u4ece\u540d\u79f0\u4e0a\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u5728\u6548\u7387\u65b9\u9762\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0e\u201c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fa\u73b0\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u80fd\u5728 \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</li> <li>\u7f13\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff1a\u5728\u6267\u884c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u800c\u50cf\u201c\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u8df3\u8dc3\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u7cfb\u6570\u4f4e\uff1a\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3001\u8d4b\u503c\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u603b\u6570\u91cf\u6700\u5c11\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u201c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u6bd4\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1154","title":"11.5.4 \u00a0 \u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5012\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5de6\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n - 1\\)\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u3002\u5982\u6b64\u9012\u5f52\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u540e\u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u673a\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd0\u6c14\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u9009\u5230\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u5c3d\u5982\u4eba\u610f\u3002</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u751f\u6210\u7684\u662f\u201c\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9488\u5bf9\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u5e8f\u5217\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4f8b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u52a3\u5316\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u9009\u53d6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u3001\u5c3e\u3001\u4e2d\u70b9\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u201c\u65e2\u4e0d\u592a\u5c0f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u5927\u201d\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c06\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u5019\u9009\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7a33\u5065\u6027\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u540e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7684\u6982\u7387\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig quick_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{median_three}\n[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{medianThree}\n[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{medianThree}\n[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{medianThree}\n[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{quickSortMedian}-[func]{medianThree}\n[class]{quickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{medianThree}\n[class]{}-[func]{partitionMedian}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{medianThree}\n[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{medianThree}\n[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{_medianThree}\n[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{_partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{median_three}\n[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{medianThree}\n[class]{}-[func]{partitionMedian}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{medianThree}\n[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/quick_sort/#1155","title":"11.5.5 \u00a0 \u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316","text":"<p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u4e0b\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u8f83\u591a\u3002\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u5012\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u540e\u53f3\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5230 \\(n - 1\\) \uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ec5\u5bf9\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8f83\u77ed\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(n / 2\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(\\log n\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u6700\u5dee\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig quick_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quick_sort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{quickSortTailCall}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quickSortTailCall}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quick_sort}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{quickSortTailCall}\n</code></pre> quick_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quickSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/radix_sort/","title":"11.10 \u00a0 \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u91cf \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5927\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 \\(m\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9 \\(n = 10^6\\) \u4e2a\u5b66\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u5b66\u53f7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a \\(8\\) \u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 \\(m = 10^8\\) \u975e\u5e38\u5927\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u5206\u914d\u5927\u91cf\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p>\u300c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f radix sort\u300d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e2a\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u5229\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u5404\u4f4d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9012\u8fdb\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/radix_sort/#11101","title":"11.10.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u4ee5\u5b66\u53f7\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u4f4d\u662f\u7b2c \\(1\\) \u4f4d\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u662f\u7b2c \\(8\\) \u4f4d\uff0c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-18 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4f4d\u6570 \\(k = 1\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u5b66\u53f7\u7684\u7b2c \\(k\\) \u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u201c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u7b2c \\(k\\) \u4f4d\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 \\(k\\) \u589e\u52a0 \\(1\\) \uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u6b65\u9aa4 <code>2.</code> \u7ee7\u7eed\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u90fd\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-18 \u00a0 \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b </p> <p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u5256\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a \\(d\\) \u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u6570\u5b57 \\(x\\) \uff0c\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u7b2c \\(k\\) \u4f4d \\(x_k\\) \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a</p> \\[ x_k = \\lfloor\\frac{x}{d^{k-1}}\\rfloor \\bmod d \\] <p>\u5176\u4e2d \\(\\lfloor a \\rfloor\\) \u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 \\(a\\) \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574\uff0c\u800c \\(\\bmod \\: d\\) \u8868\u793a\u5bf9 \\(d\\) \u53d6\u4f59\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b66\u53f7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\\(d = 10\\) \u4e14 \\(k \\in [1, 8]\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c0f\u5e45\u6539\u52a8\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u7b2c \\(k\\) \u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig radix_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{counting_sort_digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radix_sort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{radix_sort}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{radix_sort}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{radix_sort}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{radix_sort}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{radix_sort}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{radix_sort}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{counting_sort_digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radix_sort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> radix_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{digit}\n[class]{}-[func]{countingSortDigit}\n[class]{}-[func]{radixSort}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ece\u6700\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5f00\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f</p> <p>\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u8f6e\u6b21\u4e2d\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u8f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u524d\u4e00\u8f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c \\(a &lt; b\\) \uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c \\(a &gt; b\\) \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53d6\u4ee3\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4d\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4f4e\u4f4d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u6392\u5e8f\u4f4e\u4f4d\u518d\u6392\u5e8f\u9ad8\u4f4d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/radix_sort/#11102","title":"11.10.2 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<p>\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5fc5\u987b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e14\u4f4d\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fc7\u5927\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4f4d\u6570 \\(k\\) \u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(nk) \\gg O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(nk)\\)\uff1a\u8bbe\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e3a \\(n\\)\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4e3a \\(d\\) \u8fdb\u5236\u3001\u6700\u5927\u4f4d\u6570\u4e3a \\(k\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u4f4d\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n + d)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u6240\u6709 \\(k\\) \u4f4d\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O((n + d)k)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\\(d\\) \u548c \\(k\\) \u90fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8d8b\u5411 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n + d)\\)\u3001\u975e\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u4e0e\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u548c \\(d\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 <code>res</code> \u548c <code>counter</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u4e0e\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/selection_sort/","title":"11.2 \u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u300c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f selection sort\u300d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u63a5\uff1a\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f6e\u4ece\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 11-2 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5373\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u7d22\u5f15\uff09\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a \\([0, n-1]\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u533a\u95f4 \\([0, n-1]\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15 \\(0\\) \u5904\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u524d 1 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u9009\u53d6\u533a\u95f4 \\([1, n-1]\\) \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15 \\(1\\) \u5904\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u524d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7 \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u4ea4\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u524d \\(n - 1\\) \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u4ec5\u5269\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6570\u7ec4\u6392\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-2 \u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528 \\(k\\) \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig selection_sort.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selection_sort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.java<pre><code>[class]{selection_sort}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.cs<pre><code>[class]{selection_sort}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selection_sort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre> selection_sort.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{selectionSort}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/selection_sort/#1121","title":"11.2.1 \u00a0 \u7b97\u6cd5\u7279\u6027","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3001\u975e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u5171 \\(n - 1\\) \u8f6e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(2\\) \uff0c\u5373\u5404\u8f6e\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u5206\u522b\u5305\u542b \\(n\\)\u3001\\(n - 1\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(3\\)\u3001\\(2\\) \u8f6e\u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6c42\u548c\u4e3a \\(\\frac{(n - 1)(n + 2)}{2}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(1)\\)\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u6307\u9488 \\(i\\) \u548c \\(j\\) \u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u5982\u56fe 11-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5143\u7d20 <code>nums[i]</code> \u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u4e0e\u5176\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u53f3\u8fb9\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e24\u8005\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002</li> </ul> <p> \u56fe 11-3 \u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u793a\u4f8b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/","title":"11.1 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u300c\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5 sorting algorithm\u300d\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u6309\u7167\u7279\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 11-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6574\u6570\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u5b57\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5b57\u7b26 ASCII \u7801\u987a\u5e8f\u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 11-1 \u00a0 \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5224\u65ad\u89c4\u5219\u793a\u4f8b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/#1111","title":"11.1.1 \u00a0 \u8bc4\u4ef7\u7ef4\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e14\u603b\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\uff08\u5373\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u9879\u964d\u4f4e\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002</p> <p>\u5c31\u5730\u6027\uff1a\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u300c\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u501f\u52a9\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u642c\u8fd0\u64cd\u4f5c\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</p> <p>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a\u300c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002</p> <p>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u591a\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u573a\u666f\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u5b66\u751f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u7b2c 1 \u5217\u548c\u7b2c 2 \u5217\u5206\u522b\u662f\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u5e74\u9f84\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u4e27\u5931\u3002</p> <pre><code># \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6309\u7167\u59d3\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u7684\n# (name, age)\n('A', 19)\n('B', 18)\n('C', 21)\n('D', 19)\n('E', 23)\n# \u5047\u8bbe\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6309\u5e74\u9f84\u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\n# \u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d ('D', 19) \u548c ('A', 19) \u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\n# \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6309\u59d3\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4e22\u5931\n('B', 18)\n('D', 19)\n('A', 19)\n('C', 21)\n('E', 23)\n</code></pre> <p>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff1a\u300c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u53d7\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u4f73\u3001\u6700\u5dee\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5dee\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u52a3\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8d1f\u9762\u5c5e\u6027\uff1b\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6b63\u9762\u5c5e\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u662f\u5426\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a\u300c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\\(&lt;\\)\u3001\\(=\\)\u3001\\(&gt;\\)\uff09\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6392\u5e8f\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u4f18\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n \\log n)\\) \u3002\u800c\u300c\u975e\u6bd4\u8f83\u6392\u5e8f\u300d\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u901a\u7528\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5dee\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/#1112","title":"11.1.2 \u00a0 \u7406\u60f3\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u5feb\u3001\u539f\u5730\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u6b63\u5411\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u3001\u901a\u7528\u6027\u597d\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u517c\u5177\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5171\u540c\u5b66\u4e60\u5404\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/summary/","title":"11.11 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_sorting/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea4\u6362\u76f8\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u5230 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5c06\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5355\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002</li> <li>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u57fa\u4e8e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u9009\u53d6\u5230\u6700\u5dee\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002\u5f15\u5165\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u6216\u968f\u673a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u8fd9\u79cd\u52a3\u5316\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c06\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u5230 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u5305\u62ec\u5212\u5206\u548c\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u5730\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5728\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u8f85\u52a9\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff1b\u7136\u800c\u6392\u5e8f\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6876\u3001\u6876\u5185\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5b83\u540c\u6837\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5206\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u3002</li> <li>\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u9010\u4f4d\u6392\u5e8f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002</li> <li>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u539f\u5730\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b63\u5411\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7b49\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe 11-19 \u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u4e3b\u6d41\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u5c31\u5730\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p> \u56fe 11-19 \u00a0 \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_sorting/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff1f</p> <p>\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u8eab\u9ad8\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f/</p> <p>\u5148\u6309\u7167\u59d3\u540d\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5f97\u5230 <code>(A, 180) (B, 185) (C, 170) (D, 170)</code> \uff1b\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5bf9\u8eab\u9ad8\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230 <code>(D, 170) (C, 170) (A, 180) (B, 185)</code> \u3002</p> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b66\u751f D \u548c C \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u59d3\u540d\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u770b\u5230\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u4e2d\u201c\u4ece\u53f3\u5f80\u5de6\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5f80\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6362\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u201c\u4ece\u53f3\u5f80\u5de6\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u518d\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5f80\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u6709\u4e9b\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5256\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002</p> <p>\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206 <code>partition()</code> \u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4ea4\u6362 <code>nums[left]</code> \u548c <code>nums[i]</code> \u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u4ea4\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd <code>&lt;=</code> \u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea4\u6362\u524d <code>nums[left] &gt;= nums[i]</code> \u5fc5\u987b\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5f80\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5728 <code>i == j</code> \u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd <code>nums[j] == nums[i] &gt; nums[left]</code>\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4ea4\u6362\u81f3\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5931\u8d25\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>[0, 0, 0, 0, 1]</code> \uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5148\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\uff0c\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u540e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a <code>[1, 0, 0, 0, 0]</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u518d\u6df1\u5165\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9 <code>nums[right]</code> \u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b63\u597d\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u201c\u4ece\u5de6\u5f80\u53f3\u67e5\u627e\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u5173\u4e8e\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u77ed\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(\\log n\\) \uff1f</p> <p>\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u672a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u6bcf\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5728\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\u4e3a\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u4e3a\u4e00\u534a\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u5c31\u662f \\(\\log n\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u56de\u987e\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\u9012\u5f52\u957f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e3a \\(n\\)\u3001\\(n - 1\\)\u3001\\(\\dots\\)\u3001\\(2\\)\u3001\\(1\\) \uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(n\\) \u3002\u5c3e\u9012\u5f52\u4f18\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u5f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u76f8\u7b49\u65f6\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f \\(O(n^2)\\) \u5417\uff1f\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u79cd\u9000\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\uff1f</p> <p>\u662f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u3001\u7b49\u4e8e\u3001\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\u3002\u4ec5\u5411\u4e0b\u9012\u5f52\u5c0f\u4e8e\u548c\u5927\u4e8e\u7684\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u5168\u90e8\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ec5\u4e00\u8f6e\u54e8\u5175\u5212\u5206\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u5dee\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f \\(O(n^2)\\) \uff1f</p> <p>\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u88ab\u5206\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u6392\u5e8f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/","title":"\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6808\u4e0e\u961f\u5217","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u6808\u5982\u540c\u53e0\u732b\u732b\uff0c\u800c\u961f\u5217\u5c31\u50cf\u732b\u732b\u6392\u961f\u3002</p> <p>\u4e24\u8005\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u548c\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>5.1 \u00a0 \u6808</li> <li>5.2 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217</li> <li>5.3 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217</li> <li>5.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/","title":"5.3 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217","text":"<p>\u5728\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u80fd\u5728\u5934\u90e8\u5220\u9664\u6216\u5728\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u56fe 5-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 double-ended queue\u300d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5934\u90e8\u548c\u5c3e\u90e8\u6267\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-7 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c </p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#531","title":"5.3.1 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u8868 5-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 5-3 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387 </p> \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u63cf\u8ff0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 pushFirst() \u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996 \\(O(1)\\) pushLast() \u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e \\(O(1)\\) popFirst() \u5220\u9664\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) popLast() \u5220\u9664\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) peekFirst() \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) peekLast() \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig deque.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\ndeque: deque[int] = collections.deque()\n# \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f\ndeque.append(2)      # \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.append(5)\ndeque.append(4)\ndeque.appendleft(3)  # \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.appendleft(1)\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\nfront: int = deque[0]  # \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nrear: int = deque[-1]  # \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n# \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\npop_front: int = deque.popleft()  # \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\npop_rear: int = deque.pop()       # \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nsize: int = len(deque)\n# \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\nis_empty: bool = len(deque) == 0\n</code></pre> deque.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\ndeque&lt;int&gt; deque;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push_back(2);   // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.push_back(5);\ndeque.push_back(4);\ndeque.push_front(3);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.push_front(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint front = deque.front(); // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint back = deque.back();   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\ndeque.pop_front();  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\ndeque.pop_back();   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = deque.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty = deque.empty();\n</code></pre> deque.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nDeque&lt;Integer&gt; deque = new LinkedList&lt;&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.offerLast(2);   // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.offerLast(5);\ndeque.offerLast(4);\ndeque.offerFirst(3);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.offerFirst(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst = deque.peekFirst();  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint peekLast = deque.peekLast();    // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint popFirst = deque.pollFirst();  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\nint popLast = deque.pollLast();    // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = deque.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nboolean isEmpty = deque.isEmpty();\n</code></pre> deque.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 C# \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u94fe\u8868 LinkedList \u770b\u4f5c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nLinkedList&lt;int&gt; deque = new LinkedList&lt;int&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.AddLast(2);   // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.AddLast(5);\ndeque.AddLast(4);\ndeque.AddFirst(3);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.AddFirst(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst = deque.First.Value;  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint peekLast = deque.Last.Value;    // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\ndeque.RemoveFirst();  // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\ndeque.RemoveLast();   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = deque.Count;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = deque.Count == 0;\n</code></pre> deque_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06 list \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\ndeque := list.New()\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.PushBack(2)      // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.PushBack(5)\ndeque.PushBack(4)\ndeque.PushFront(3)     // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.PushFront(1)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nfront := deque.Front() // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nrear := deque.Back()   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\ndeque.Remove(front)    // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\ndeque.Remove(rear)     // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize := deque.Len()\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty := deque.Len() == 0\n</code></pre> deque.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// Swift \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nvar deque: [Int] = []\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.append(2) // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.append(5)\ndeque.append(4)\ndeque.insert(3, at: 0) // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.insert(1, at: 0)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet peekFirst = deque.first! // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nlet peekLast = deque.last! // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 Array \u6a21\u62df\u65f6 popFirst \u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nlet popFirst = deque.removeFirst() // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\nlet popLast = deque.removeLast() // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = deque.count\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet isEmpty = deque.isEmpty\n</code></pre> deque.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// JavaScript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nconst deque = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push(2);\ndeque.push(5);\ndeque.push(4);\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cunshift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\ndeque.unshift(3);\ndeque.unshift(1);\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 deque = \", deque);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peekFirst = deque[0];\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 peekFirst = \" + peekFirst);\nconst peekLast = deque[deque.length - 1];\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 peekLast = \" + peekLast);\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cshift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nconst popFront = deque.shift();\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u5143\u7d20 popFront = \" + popFront + \"\uff0c\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u540e deque = \" + deque);\nconst popBack = deque.pop();\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u5143\u7d20 popBack = \" + popBack + \"\uff0c\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u540e deque = \" + deque);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = deque.length;\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6 size = \" + size);\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst isEmpty = size === 0;\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a = \" + isEmpty);\n</code></pre> deque.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// TypeScript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nconst deque: number[] = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push(2);\ndeque.push(5);\ndeque.push(4);\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cunshift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\ndeque.unshift(3);\ndeque.unshift(1);\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 deque = \", deque);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peekFirst: number = deque[0];\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 peekFirst = \" + peekFirst);\nconst peekLast: number = deque[deque.length - 1];\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20 peekLast = \" + peekLast);\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cshift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nconst popFront: number = deque.shift() as number;\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u5143\u7d20 popFront = \" + popFront + \"\uff0c\u961f\u9996\u51fa\u961f\u540e deque = \" + deque);\nconst popBack: number = deque.pop() as number;\nconsole.log(\"\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u5143\u7d20 popBack = \" + popBack + \"\uff0c\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u540e deque = \" + deque);\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size: number = deque.length;\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6 size = \" + size);\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst isEmpty: boolean = size === 0;\nconsole.log(\"\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a = \" + isEmpty);\n</code></pre> deque.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Dart \u4e2d\uff0cQueue \u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\nQueue&lt;int&gt; deque = Queue&lt;int&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.addLast(2);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.addLast(5);\ndeque.addLast(4);\ndeque.addFirst(3); // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.addFirst(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peekFirst = deque.first; // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nint peekLast = deque.last;   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint popFirst = deque.removeFirst(); // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\nint popLast = deque.removeLast();   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = deque.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = deque.isEmpty;W\n</code></pre> deque.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\nlet mut deque: VecDeque&lt;u32&gt; = VecDeque::new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push_back(2);  // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e\ndeque.push_back(5);\ndeque.push_back(4);\ndeque.push_front(3); // \u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u9996\ndeque.push_front(1);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 */\nif let Some(front) = deque.front() { // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\n}\nif let Some(rear) = deque.back() {   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n}\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nif let Some(pop_front) = deque.pop_front() { // \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n}\nif let Some(pop_rear) = deque.pop_back() {   // \u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = deque.len();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet is_empty = deque.is_empty();\n</code></pre> deque.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\n</code></pre> deque.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#532","title":"5.3.2 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5b9e\u73b0 *","text":"<p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u94fe\u8868\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u56de\u987e\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5220\u9664\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u548c\u5728\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5934\u90e8\u548c\u5c3e\u90e8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u79f0\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 5-8 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u89c6\u4e3a\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u961f\u9996\u548c\u961f\u5c3e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u4e24\u7aef\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002</p> LinkedListDequepushLast()pushFirst()popLast()popFirst() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-8 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5165\u961f\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linkedlist_deque.py<pre><code>[class]{ListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.cpp<pre><code>[class]{DoublyListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.java<pre><code>[class]{ListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.cs<pre><code>[class]{ListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.go<pre><code>[class]{linkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.swift<pre><code>[class]{ListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.js<pre><code>[class]{ListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.ts<pre><code>[class]{ListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.dart<pre><code>[class]{ListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.rs<pre><code>[class]{ListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.c<pre><code>[class]{doublyListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{linkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_deque.zig<pre><code>[class]{ListNode}-[func]{}\n[class]{LinkedListDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 5-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u3002</p> ArrayDequepushLast()pushFirst()popLast()popFirst() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-9 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5165\u961f\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u5728\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700\u589e\u52a0\u201c\u961f\u9996\u5165\u961f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u961f\u5c3e\u51fa\u961f\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_deque.py<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.cpp<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.java<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.cs<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.go<pre><code>[class]{arrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.swift<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.js<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.ts<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.dart<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.rs<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.c<pre><code>[class]{arrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_deque.zig<pre><code>[class]{ArrayDeque}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/#533","title":"5.3.3 \u00a0 \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5e94\u7528","text":"<p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u517c\u5177\u6808\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u201c\u64a4\u9500\u201d\u529f\u80fd\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u6bcf\u6b21\u66f4\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c <code>push</code> \u5230\u6808\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7 <code>pop</code> \u5b9e\u73b0\u64a4\u9500\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9650\u5236\u64a4\u9500\u7684\u6b65\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u4fdd\u5b58 \\(50\\) \u6b65\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7 \\(50\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6808\u5e95\uff08\u5373\u961f\u9996\uff09\u6267\u884c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u6808\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u6808\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u201c\u64a4\u9500\u201d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u4ecd\u7136\u9075\u5faa\u6808\u7684\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u903b\u8f91\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/","title":"5.2 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217","text":"<p>\u300c\u961f\u5217 queue\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u6392\u961f\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u961f\u5217\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u4eba\u9010\u4e2a\u79bb\u5f00\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 5-4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u961f\u9996\u201d\uff0c\u5c3e\u90e8\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u961f\u5c3e\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u628a\u5143\u7d20\u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5c3e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5165\u961f\u201d\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u51fa\u961f\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-4 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u7684\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u89c4\u5219 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#521","title":"5.2.1 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u8868 5-2 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u91c7\u7528\u4e0e\u6808\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u547d\u540d\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 5-2 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387 </p> \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u63cf\u8ff0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 push() \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u961f\u5c3e \\(O(1)\\) pop() \u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f \\(O(1)\\) peek() \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig queue.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217\n# \u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7c7b deque \u770b\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\n# \u867d\u7136 queue.Queue() \u662f\u7eaf\u6b63\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u592a\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\nque: deque[int] = collections.deque()\n# \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f\nque.append(1)\nque.append(3)\nque.append(2)\nque.append(5)\nque.append(4)\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\nfront: int = que[0];\n# \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f\npop: int = que.popleft()\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nsize: int = len(que)\n# \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\nis_empty: bool = len(que) == 0\n</code></pre> queue.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\nqueue&lt;int&gt; queue;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.push(1);\nqueue.push(3);\nqueue.push(2);\nqueue.push(5);\nqueue.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint front = queue.front();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nqueue.pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = queue.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty = queue.empty();\n</code></pre> queue.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\nQueue&lt;Integer&gt; queue = new LinkedList&lt;&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.offer(1);\nqueue.offer(3);\nqueue.offer(2);\nqueue.offer(5);\nqueue.offer(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = queue.peek();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint pop = queue.poll();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = queue.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nboolean isEmpty = queue.isEmpty();\n</code></pre> queue.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\nQueue&lt;int&gt; queue = new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.Enqueue(1);\nqueue.Enqueue(3);\nqueue.Enqueue(2);\nqueue.Enqueue(5);\nqueue.Enqueue(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = queue.Peek();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint pop = queue.Dequeue();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = queue.Count;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = queue.Count == 0;\n</code></pre> queue_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06 list \u4f5c\u4e3a\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nqueue := list.New()\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.PushBack(1)\nqueue.PushBack(3)\nqueue.PushBack(2)\nqueue.PushBack(5)\nqueue.PushBack(4)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek := queue.Front()\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\npop := queue.Front()\nqueue.Remove(pop)\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize := queue.Len()\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty := queue.Len() == 0\n</code></pre> queue.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// Swift \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nvar queue: [Int] = []\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.append(1)\nqueue.append(3)\nqueue.append(2)\nqueue.append(5)\nqueue.append(4)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet peek = queue.first!\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 removeFirst \u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nlet pool = queue.removeFirst()\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = queue.count\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet isEmpty = queue.isEmpty\n</code></pre> queue.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// JavaScript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nconst queue = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.push(1);\nqueue.push(3);\nqueue.push(2);\nqueue.push(5);\nqueue.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peek = queue[0];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 shift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nconst pop = queue.shift();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = queue.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst empty = queue.length === 0;\n</code></pre> queue.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// TypeScript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 \nconst queue: number[] = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.push(1);\nqueue.push(3);\nqueue.push(2);\nqueue.push(5);\nqueue.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peek = queue[0];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\n// \u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 shift() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)\nconst pop = queue.shift();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = queue.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst empty = queue.length === 0;\n</code></pre> queue.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Dart \u4e2d\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u7c7b Qeque \u662f\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u961f\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\nQueue&lt;int&gt; queue = Queue();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\nqueue.add(1);\nqueue.add(3);\nqueue.add(2);\nqueue.add(5);\nqueue.add(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = queue.first;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nint pop = queue.removeFirst();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = queue.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = queue.isEmpty;\n</code></pre> queue.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217 */\n// \u5728 Rust \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u961f\u5217\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nlet mut deque: VecDeque&lt;u32&gt; = VecDeque::new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u961f */\ndeque.push_back(1);\ndeque.push_back(3);\ndeque.push_back(2);\ndeque.push_back(5);\ndeque.push_back(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20 */\nif let Some(front) = deque.front() {\n}\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u961f */\nif let Some(pop) = deque.pop_front() {\n}\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = deque.len();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet is_empty = deque.is_empty();\n</code></pre> queue.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u961f\u5217\n</code></pre> queue.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#522","title":"5.2.2 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u7aef\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 5-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u201c\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u5206\u522b\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u961f\u9996\u201d\u548c\u201c\u961f\u5c3e\u201d\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u961f\u5c3e\u4ec5\u53ef\u6dfb\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u961f\u9996\u4ec5\u53ef\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> LinkedListQueuepush()pop() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-5 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5165\u961f\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linkedlist_queue.py<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.cpp<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.java<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.cs<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.go<pre><code>[class]{linkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.swift<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.js<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.ts<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.dart<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.rs<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.c<pre><code>[class]{linkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_queue.zig<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5220\u9664\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5de7\u5999\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf <code>front</code> \u6307\u5411\u961f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5e76\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf <code>size</code> \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49 <code>rear = front + size</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u7684 <code>rear</code> \u6307\u5411\u961f\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6709\u6548\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a <code>[front, rear - 1]</code>\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u56fe 5-6 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5165\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9 <code>rear</code> \u7d22\u5f15\u5904\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 <code>size</code> \u589e\u52a0 1 \u3002</li> <li>\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u53ea\u9700\u5c06 <code>front</code> \u589e\u52a0 1 \uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 <code>size</code> \u51cf\u5c11 1 \u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u53ea\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> ArrayQueuepush()pop() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-6 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5165\u961f\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u884c\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>front</code> \u548c <code>rear</code> \u90fd\u5728\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u5f53\u5b83\u4eec\u5230\u8fbe\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u79fb\u52a8\u4e86\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u89c6\u4e3a\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u63a5\u7684\u201c\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8ba9 <code>front</code> \u6216 <code>rear</code> \u5728\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5468\u671f\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_queue.py<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.cpp<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.java<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.cs<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.go<pre><code>[class]{arrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.swift<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.js<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.ts<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.dart<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.rs<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.c<pre><code>[class]{arrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_queue.zig<pre><code>[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u961f\u5217\u4ecd\u7136\u5177\u6709\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u96be\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u5165\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e\u6808\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/#523","title":"5.2.3 \u00a0 \u961f\u5217\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u6dd8\u5b9d\u8ba2\u5355\u3002\u8d2d\u7269\u8005\u4e0b\u5355\u540e\uff0c\u8ba2\u5355\u5c06\u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u968f\u540e\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u5904\u7406\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u3002\u5728\u53cc\u5341\u4e00\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6d77\u91cf\u8ba2\u5355\uff0c\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6210\u4e3a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u653b\u514b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>\u5404\u7c7b\u5f85\u529e\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u5148\u6765\u540e\u5230\u201d\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6253\u5370\u673a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u3001\u9910\u5385\u7684\u51fa\u9910\u961f\u5217\u7b49\u3002\u961f\u5217\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ef4\u62a4\u5904\u7406\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/","title":"5.1 \u00a0 \u6808","text":"<p>\u300c\u6808 stack\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6808\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e3a\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u645e\u76d8\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u62ff\u51fa\u5e95\u90e8\u7684\u76d8\u5b50\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5c06\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u76d8\u5b50\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d6\u51fa\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u76d8\u5b50\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5982\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6808\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 5-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5806\u53e0\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9876\u90e8\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6808\u9876\u201d\uff0c\u5e95\u90e8\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6808\u5e95\u201d\u3002\u5c06\u628a\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6808\u9876\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u5165\u6808\u201d\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u51fa\u6808\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-1 \u00a0 \u6808\u7684\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u89c4\u5219 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#511","title":"5.1.1 \u00a0 \u6808\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u6808\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u8868 5-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 <code>push()</code>\u3001<code>pop()</code>\u3001<code>peek()</code> \u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 5-1 \u00a0 \u6808\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387 </p> \u65b9\u6cd5 \u63cf\u8ff0 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 push() \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808\uff08\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u6808\u9876\uff09 \\(O(1)\\) pop() \u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 \\(O(1)\\) peek() \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) <p>\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u63d0\u4f9b\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8be5\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u201c\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\u6216\u201c\u94fe\u8868\u201d\u89c6\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0e\u6808\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig stack.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808\n# Python \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a List \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 \nstack: list[int] = []\n# \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808\nstack.append(1)\nstack.append(3)\nstack.append(2)\nstack.append(5)\nstack.append(4)\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\npeek: int = stack[-1]\n# \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808\npop: int = stack.pop()\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nsize: int = len(stack)\n# \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\nis_empty: bool = len(stack) == 0\n</code></pre> stack.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\nstack&lt;int&gt; stack;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint top = stack.top();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nstack.pop(); // \u65e0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = stack.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool empty = stack.empty();\n</code></pre> stack.java<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\nStack&lt;Integer&gt; stack = new Stack&lt;&gt;();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = stack.peek();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop = stack.pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = stack.size();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nboolean isEmpty = stack.isEmpty();\n</code></pre> stack.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\nStack&lt;int&gt; stack = new ();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.Push(1);\nstack.Push(3);\nstack.Push(2);\nstack.Push(5);\nstack.Push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = stack.Peek();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop = stack.Pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = stack.Count;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = stack.Count == 0;\n</code></pre> stack_test.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// \u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u5c06 Slice \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nvar stack []int\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack = append(stack, 1)\nstack = append(stack, 3)\nstack = append(stack, 2)\nstack = append(stack, 5)\nstack = append(stack, 4)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\npeek := stack[len(stack)-1]\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\npop := stack[len(stack)-1]\nstack = stack[:len(stack)-1]\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nsize := len(stack)\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nisEmpty := len(stack) == 0\n</code></pre> stack.swift<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// Swift \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nvar stack: [Int] = []\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.append(1)\nstack.append(3)\nstack.append(2)\nstack.append(5)\nstack.append(4)\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet peek = stack.last!\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nlet pop = stack.removeLast()\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = stack.count\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet isEmpty = stack.isEmpty\n</code></pre> stack.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// Javascript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 \nconst stack = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peek = stack[stack.length-1];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nconst pop = stack.pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = stack.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst is_empty = stack.length === 0;\n</code></pre> stack.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// Typescript \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a Array \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 \nconst stack: number[] = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nconst peek = stack[stack.length - 1];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nconst pop = stack.pop();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nconst size = stack.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nconst is_empty = stack.length === 0;\n</code></pre> stack.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// Dart \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6808\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a List \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nList&lt;int&gt; stack = [];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.add(1);\nstack.add(3);\nstack.add(2);\nstack.add(5);\nstack.add(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nint peek = stack.last;\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nint pop = stack.removeLast();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nint size = stack.length;\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nbool isEmpty = stack.isEmpty;\n</code></pre> stack.rs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6808 */\n// \u628a Vec \u5f53\u4f5c\u6808\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\nlet mut stack: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = Vec::new();\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u5165\u6808 */\nstack.push(1);\nstack.push(3);\nstack.push(2);\nstack.push(5);\nstack.push(4);\n/* \u8bbf\u95ee\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20 */\nlet top = stack[stack.len() - 1];\n/* \u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u6808 */\nlet pop = stack.pop().unwrap();\n/* \u83b7\u53d6\u6808\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 */\nlet size = stack.len();\n/* \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a */\nlet is_empty = stack.is_empty();\n</code></pre> stack.c<pre><code>// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u6808\n</code></pre> stack.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#512","title":"5.1.2 \u00a0 \u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u6808\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u7c7b\u3002</p> <p>\u6808\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6808\u9876\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u94fe\u8868\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6808\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u5c4f\u853d\u201d\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u65e0\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5bf9\u5916\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7b26\u5408\u6808\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u89c6\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\uff0c\u5c3e\u8282\u70b9\u89c6\u4e3a\u6808\u5e95\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 5-2 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5934\u63d2\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> LinkedListStackpush()pop() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-2 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u7684\u5165\u6808\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig linkedlist_stack.py<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.java<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.cs<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.go<pre><code>[class]{linkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.swift<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.js<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.ts<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.dart<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.rs<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.c<pre><code>[class]{linkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> linkedlist_stack.zig<pre><code>[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6808\u9876\u3002\u5982\u56fe 5-3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5165\u6808\u4e0e\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \u3002</p> ArrayStackpush()pop() <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 5-3 \u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u7684\u5165\u6808\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5165\u6808\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u65e0\u987b\u81ea\u884c\u5904\u7406\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_stack.py<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.cpp<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.java<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.cs<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.go<pre><code>[class]{arrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.swift<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.js<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.ts<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.dart<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.rs<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.c<pre><code>[class]{arrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_stack.zig<pre><code>[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#513","title":"5.1.3 \u00a0 \u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6bd4","text":"<p>\u652f\u6301\u64cd\u4f5c</p> <p>\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u6808\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u989d\u5916\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5df2\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u6808\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u3002</p> <p>\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387</p> <p>\u5728\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5165\u6808\u548c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u9884\u5148\u5206\u914d\u597d\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u672c\u5730\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5165\u6808\u65f6\u8d85\u51fa\u6570\u7ec4\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u6b21\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d8\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6269\u5bb9\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6570\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\u6548\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6548\u7387\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5165\u6808\u5143\u7d20\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u53bb\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002</p> <p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f53\u5165\u6808\u4e0e\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>int</code> \u6216 <code>double</code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\u5728\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\u6548\u7387\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6269\u5bb9\u662f\u4f4e\u9891\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e73\u5747\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</li> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8868\u73b0\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387</p> <p>\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u5206\u914d\u201c\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u8be5\u5bb9\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u673a\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7279\u5b9a\u500d\u7387\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 2 \u500d\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u51fa\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u5b58\u50a8\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5927\u3002</p> <p>\u7efc\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/#514","title":"5.1.4 \u00a0 \u6808\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u9000\u4e0e\u524d\u8fdb\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u64a4\u9500\u4e0e\u53cd\u64a4\u9500\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u65b0\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u6267\u884c\u5165\u6808\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\u9000\u64cd\u4f5c\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u9875\u9762\u3002\u540e\u9000\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u6267\u884c\u51fa\u6808\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u540e\u9000\u548c\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u6765\u914d\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u6808\u9876\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u9012\u63a8\u9636\u6bb5\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u6267\u884c\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u5411\u4e0a\u56de\u6eaf\u9636\u6bb5\u5219\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/","title":"5.4 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u6808\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\u539f\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6808\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6269\u5bb9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u6b21\u5165\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6808\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8868\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6808\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6bd4\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u5927\u3002</li> <li>\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\u539f\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0a\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e\u524d\u8ff0\u6808\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u7684\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e24\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u540e\u9000\u662f\u5426\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1f</p> <p>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u540e\u9000\u529f\u80fd\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u6808\u201d\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u9875\u9762\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u9875\u9762\u4f1a\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6808\u9876\uff1b\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u540e\u9000\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u9875\u9762\u4f1a\u4ece\u6808\u9876\u5f39\u51fa\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5728\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u7ae0\u8282\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u51fa\u6808\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6808\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff1f</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u540e\u7eed\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5f39\u51fa\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u82e5\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\uff0c<code>Java</code> \u548c <code>Python</code> \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u5728 <code>C</code> \u548c <code>C++</code> \u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002</p> <p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u50cf\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u62fc\u63a5\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</p> <p>\u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u6808\u548c\u961f\u5217\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u62fc\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5b83\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u6808 + \u961f\u5217\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u3002</p> <p>\u64a4\u9500\uff08undo\uff09\u548c\u53cd\u64a4\u9500\uff08redo\uff09\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff1f</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u6808 <code>A</code> \u7528\u4e8e\u64a4\u9500\uff0c\u6808 <code>B</code> \u7528\u4e8e\u53cd\u64a4\u9500\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u6bcf\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u538b\u5165\u6808 <code>A</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u6e05\u7a7a\u6808 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u201c\u64a4\u9500\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u6808 <code>A</code> \u4e2d\u5f39\u51fa\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u538b\u5165\u6808 <code>B</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u201c\u53cd\u64a4\u9500\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u6808 <code>B</code> \u4e2d\u5f39\u51fa\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u538b\u5165\u6808 <code>A</code> \u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/","title":"\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0 \u00a0 \u6811","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u53c2\u5929\u5927\u6811\u5145\u6ee1\u751f\u547d\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u6df1\u53f6\u8302\uff0c\u5206\u679d\u6276\u758f\u3002</p> <p>\u5b83\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6cbb\u7684\u751f\u52a8\u5f62\u6001\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<ul> <li>7.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811</li> <li>7.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u904d\u5386</li> <li>7.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a</li> <li>7.4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811</li> <li>7.5 \u00a0 AVL \u6811 *</li> <li>7.6 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/","title":"7.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5355\u5143\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9 <code>TreeNode</code> \uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5404\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5426\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/#731","title":"7.3.1 \u00a0 \u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5148\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u6309\u7167\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u3002</p> <p>\u6839\u636e\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u201d\uff1a\u82e5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(i\\) \uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(2i + 1\\) \uff0c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a \\(2i + 2\\) \u3002\u56fe 7-12 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-12 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6620\u5c04\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u7684\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/#732","title":"7.3.2 \u00a0 \u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u5e76\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e9b \\(\\text{None}\\) \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ec5\u51ed\u8be5\u5e8f\u5217\u6765\u63a8\u6d4b \\(\\text{None}\\) \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u7b26\u5408\u8be5\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-13 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u6548\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-13 \u00a0 \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u79cd\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u53ef\u80fd\u6027 </p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5728\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u5199\u51fa\u6240\u6709 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002\u5982\u56fe 7-14 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u552f\u4e00\u8868\u793a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e86\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code># \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\n# \u4f7f\u7528 None \u6765\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u4f4d\ntree = [1, 2, 3, 4, None, 6, 7, 8, 9, None, None, 12, None, None, 15]\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int \u6700\u5927\u503c INT_MAX \u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nvector&lt;int&gt; tree = {1, 2, 3, 4, INT_MAX, 6, 7, 8, 9, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, 12, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, 15};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int \u7684\u5305\u88c5\u7c7b Integer \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nInteger[] tree = { 1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15 };\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int? \u53ef\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nint?[] tree = { 1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15 };\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 any \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5207\u7247, \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 nil \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\ntree := []any{1, 2, 3, 4, nil, 6, 7, 8, 9, nil, nil, 12, nil, nil, 15}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 Int? \u53ef\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 nil \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nlet tree: [Int?] = [1, 2, 3, 4, nil, 6, 7, 8, 9, nil, nil, 12, nil, nil, 15]\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nlet tree = [1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u4f4d\nlet tree: (number | null)[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int? \u53ef\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b \uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 null \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nList&lt;int?&gt; tree = [1, 2, 3, 4, null, 6, 7, 8, 9, null, null, 12, null, null, 15];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 None \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\nlet tree = [Some(1), Some(2), Some(3), Some(4), None, Some(6), Some(7), Some(8), Some(9), None, None, Some(12), None, None, Some(15)];\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a */\n// \u4f7f\u7528 int \u6700\u5927\u503c\u6807\u8bb0\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u6c42\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a INT_MAX\nint tree[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, INT_MAX, 6, 7, 8, 9, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, 12, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, 15};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-14 \u00a0 \u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u56de\u987e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\\(\\text{None}\\) \u53ea\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u4e14\u9760\u53f3\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u6709 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u4e00\u5b9a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709 \\(\\text{None}\\) \uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u56fe 7-15 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-15 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a </p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u67d0\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u3001\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u83b7\u53d6\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig array_binary_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{arrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{arrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre> array_binary_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/#733","title":"7.3.3 \u00a0 \u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027","text":"<p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f13\u5b58\u53cb\u597d\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0e\u904d\u5386\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5141\u8bb8\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u6811\u3002</li> <li>\u589e\u5220\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</li> <li>\u5f53\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf \\(\\text{None}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u636e\u6bd4\u91cd\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5229\u7528\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/","title":"7.5 \u00a0 AVL \u6811 *","text":"<p>\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u53ef\u80fd\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5c06\u4ece \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u6076\u5316\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-24 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e24\u6b21\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4fbf\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-24 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5728\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u9000\u5316 </p> <p>\u518d\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u56fe 7-25 \u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u6811\u5c06\u4e25\u91cd\u5411\u5de6\u503e\u659c\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u6076\u5316\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-25 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u9000\u5316 </p> <p>G. M. Adelson-Velsky \u548c E. M. Landis \u5728\u5176 1962 \u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587 \"An algorithm for the organization of information\" \u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300cAVL \u6811\u300d\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0cAVL \u6811\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4fdd\u6301\u5728 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7ea7\u522b\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u8fdb\u884c\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cAVL \u6811\u80fd\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#751-avl","title":"7.5.1 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5e38\u89c1\u672f\u8bed","text":"<p>AVL \u6811\u65e2\u662f\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e5f\u662f\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e24\u7c7b\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811 balanced binary search tree\u300d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6","text":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e AVL \u6811\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>height</code> \u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class TreeNode:\n\"\"\"AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val                 # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.height: int = 0                # \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nself.left: TreeNode | None = None   # \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nself.right: TreeNode | None = None  # \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nstruct TreeNode {\nint val{};          // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nint height = 0;     // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nTreeNode *left{};   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *right{};  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode() = default;\nexplicit TreeNode(int x) : val(x){}\n};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\npublic int val;        // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\npublic int height;     // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\npublic TreeNode left;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\npublic TreeNode right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\npublic TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\npublic int val;          // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\npublic int height;       // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\npublic TreeNode? left;   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\npublic TreeNode? right;  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\npublic TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype TreeNode struct {\nVal    int       // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nHeight int       // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nLeft   *TreeNode // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nRight  *TreeNode // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nvar val: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nvar height: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nvar left: TreeNode? // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nvar right: TreeNode? // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\ninit(x: Int) {\nval = x\nheight = 0\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nval; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nheight; //\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nleft; // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nright; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nconstructor(val, left, right, height) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val;\nthis.height = height === undefined ? 0 : height;\nthis.left = left === undefined ? null : left;\nthis.right = right === undefined ? null : right;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nval: number;            // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nheight: number;         // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nleft: TreeNode | null;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nright: TreeNode | null; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nconstructor(val?: number, height?: number, left?: TreeNode | null, right?: TreeNode | null) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val;\nthis.height = height === undefined ? 0 : height; this.left = left === undefined ? null : left; this.right = right === undefined ? null : right; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nint height;      // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nTreeNode? left;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode? right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode(this.val, [this.height = 0, this.left, this.right]);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nval: i32,                               // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nheight: i32,                            // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nleft: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;,    // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\nright: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;,   // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\n}\nimpl TreeNode {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfn new(val: i32) -&gt; Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;Self&gt;&gt; {\nRc::new(RefCell::new(Self {\nval,\nheight: 0,\nleft: None,\nright: None\n}))\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* AVL \u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nint val;\nint height;\nstruct TreeNode *left;\nstruct TreeNode *right;\n};\ntypedef struct TreeNode TreeNode;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nTreeNode *newTreeNode(int val) {\nTreeNode *node;\nnode = (TreeNode *)malloc(sizeof(TreeNode));\nnode-&gt;val = val;\nnode-&gt;height = 0;\nnode-&gt;left = NULL;\nnode-&gt;right = NULL;\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201d\u662f\u6307\u4ece\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6700\u8fdc\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u8fb9\u201d\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a 0 \uff0c\u800c\u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a -1 \u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{__update_height}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{updateHeight}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{updateHeight}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{updateHeight}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{updateHeight}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{updateHeight}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{#updateHeight}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{updateHeight}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{updateHeight}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{update_height}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{height}\n[class]{}-[func]{updateHeight}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{updateHeight}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50","text":"<p>\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 balance factor\u300d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u51cf\u53bb\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u89c4\u5b9a\u7a7a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a 0 \u3002\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u5c06\u83b7\u53d6\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balance_factor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balance_factor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>\u8bbe\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a \\(f\\) \uff0c\u5219\u4e00\u68f5 AVL \u6811\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u7686\u6ee1\u8db3 \\(-1 \\le f \\le 1\\) \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#752-avl","title":"7.5.2 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u65cb\u8f6c","text":"<p>AVL \u6811\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u201c\u65cb\u8f6c\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65e2\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u201c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u4f7f\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u53d8\u4e3a\u201c\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c \\(&gt; 1\\) \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8282\u70b9\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u79cd\uff1a\u53f3\u65cb\u3001\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u53f3\u65cb","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-26 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u4e0b\u65b9\u4e3a\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u770b\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u9996\u4e2a\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9 3\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u4ee5\u8be5\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u6811\uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>node</code> \uff0c\u5176\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>child</code> \uff0c\u6267\u884c\u201c\u53f3\u65cb\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\uff0c\u5b50\u6811\u5df2\u7ecf\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-26 \u00a0 \u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4 </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-27 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u8282\u70b9 <code>child</code> \u6709\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>grandChild</code> \uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u53f3\u65cb\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5c06 <code>grandChild</code> \u4f5c\u4e3a <code>node</code> \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-27 \u00a0 \u6709 grandChild \u7684\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u201c\u5411\u53f3\u65cb\u8f6c\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u8c61\u5316\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{__right_rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rightRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rightRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rightRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{rightRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rightRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{#rightRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rightRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rightRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{right_rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{rightRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rightRotate}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5de6\u65cb","text":"<p>\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8003\u8651\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5931\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u201c\u955c\u50cf\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u56fe 7-28 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u201c\u5de6\u65cb\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-28 \u00a0 \u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 7-29 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u8282\u70b9 <code>child</code> \u6709\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>grandChild</code> \uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5de6\u65cb\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5c06 <code>grandChild</code> \u4f5c\u4e3a <code>node</code> \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-29 \u00a0 \u6709 grandChild \u7684\u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c </p> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u53f3\u65cb\u548c\u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u662f\u955c\u50cf\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u53f3\u65cb\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684 <code>left</code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>right</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684 <code>right</code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>left</code> \uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u5de6\u65cb\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{__left_rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{leftRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{leftRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{leftRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{leftRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{leftRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{#leftRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{leftRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{leftRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{left_rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{leftRotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{leftRotate}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fe 7-30 \u4e2d\u7684\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9 3 \uff0c\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de6\u65cb\u6216\u53f3\u65cb\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5b50\u6811\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5bf9 <code>child</code> \u6267\u884c\u201c\u5de6\u65cb\u201d\uff0c\u518d\u5bf9 <code>node</code> \u6267\u884c\u201c\u53f3\u65cb\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-30 \u00a0 \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-31 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5931\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5bf9 <code>child</code> \u6267\u884c\u201c\u53f3\u65cb\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9 <code>node</code> \u6267\u884c\u201c\u5de6\u65cb\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-31 \u00a0 \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#5","title":"5. \u00a0 \u65cb\u8f6c\u7684\u9009\u62e9","text":"<p>\u56fe 7-32 \u5c55\u793a\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6848\u4f8b\u9010\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u53f3\u65cb\u3001\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u53f3\u540e\u5de6\u3001\u5148\u5de6\u540e\u53f3\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-32 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u65cb\u8f6c\u60c5\u51b5 </p> <p>\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5224\u65ad\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f83\u9ad8\u4e00\u4fa7\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u6b63\u8d1f\u53f7\uff0c\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u56fe 7-32 \u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 7-3 \u00a0 \u56db\u79cd\u65cb\u8f6c\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6761\u4ef6 </p> \u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 \u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u56e0\u5b50 \u5e94\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u65b9\u6cd5 \\(&gt; 1\\) \uff08\u5373\u5de6\u504f\u6811\uff09 \\(\\geq 0\\) \u53f3\u65cb \\(&gt; 1\\) \uff08\u5373\u5de6\u504f\u6811\uff09 \\(&lt;0\\) \u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u540e\u53f3\u65cb \\(&lt; -1\\) \uff08\u5373\u53f3\u504f\u6811\uff09 \\(\\leq 0\\) \u5de6\u65cb \\(&lt; -1\\) \uff08\u5373\u53f3\u504f\u6811\uff09 \\(&gt;0\\) \u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u540e\u5de6\u65cb <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{__rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{#rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rotate}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#753-avl","title":"7.5.3 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#1_2","title":"1. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>AVL \u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u5728\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e0a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5728 AVL \u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u81ea\u5e95\u5411\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{__insert_helper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insertHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insertHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insertHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{insertHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insertHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{#insertHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insertHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insertHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert_helper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{}-[func]{insertHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insertHelper}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#2_2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5730\u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig avl_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{__remove_helper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{removeHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{removeHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{removeHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{removeHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{removeHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{#removeHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{removeHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{removeHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove_helper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{aVLTree}-[func]{removeNode}\n[class]{}-[func]{removeHelper}\n</code></pre> avl_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}\n[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{removeHelper}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#3_1","title":"3. \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>AVL \u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/avl_tree/#754-avl","title":"7.5.4 \u00a0 AVL \u6811\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u4f4e\u9891\u589e\u5220\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002</li> <li>\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6bd4 AVL \u6811\u66f4\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bbd\u677e\uff0c\u5728\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u5176\u8282\u70b9\u589e\u5220\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/","title":"7.4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-16 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811 binary search tree\u300d\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c \\(&lt;\\) \u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c \\(&lt;\\) \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e5f\u662f\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff0c\u5373\u540c\u6837\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6 <code>1.</code> \u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-16 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#741","title":"7.4.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b <code>ArrayBinaryTree</code> \uff0c\u5e76\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf <code>root</code> \uff0c\u6307\u5411\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u503c <code>num</code> \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u3002\u5982\u56fe 7-17 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 <code>cur</code> \uff0c\u4ece\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9 <code>root</code> \u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u70b9\u503c <code>cur.val</code> \u548c <code>num</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u82e5 <code>cur.val &lt; num</code> \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>cur</code> \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c <code>cur = cur.right</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5 <code>cur.val &gt; num</code> \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 <code>cur</code> \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c <code>cur = cur.left</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u82e5 <code>cur.val = num</code> \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> </ul> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-17 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\u793a\u4f8b </p> <p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6bcf\u8f6e\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u534a\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u6700\u591a\u4e3a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f53\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e73\u8861\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{binarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{binarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 <code>num</code> \uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 &lt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 &lt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 7-18 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u4e0e\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u548c <code>num</code> \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u904d\u5386\u81f3 \\(\\text{None}\\) \uff09\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9 <code>num</code> \uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7f6e\u4e8e \\(\\text{None}\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> </ol> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-18 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 </p> <p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c06\u8fdd\u53cd\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u82e5\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u6811\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u3002</li> <li>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u8282\u70b9 <code>pre</code> \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u904d\u5386\u81f3 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5176\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> </ul> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{binarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{binarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0e\u67e5\u627e\u8282\u70b9\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u5148\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5176\u4ece\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u3002</p> <p>\u4e0e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 &lt; \u6839\u8282\u70b9 &lt; \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4ecd\u7136\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002</p> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5171\u5206\u4e3a 0\u30011 \u548c 2 \u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-19 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-19 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5ea6\u4e3a 0 \uff09 </p> <p>\u5982\u56fe 7-20 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(1\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-20 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5ea6\u4e3a 1 \uff09 </p> <p>\u5f53\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(2\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u5b83\uff0c\u800c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u66ff\u6362\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u201c\u5de6 \\(&lt;\\) \u6839 \\(&lt;\\) \u53f3\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe 7-21 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u627e\u5230\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u201c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a <code>tmp</code> \u3002</li> <li>\u5c06 <code>tmp</code> \u7684\u503c\u8986\u76d6\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6811\u4e2d\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 <code>tmp</code> \u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-21 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5ea6\u4e3a 2 \uff09 </p> <p>\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u540c\u6837\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u540e\u7ee7\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u8981 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_search_tree.py<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cpp<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.java<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.cs<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.go<pre><code>[class]{binarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.swift<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.js<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.ts<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.dart<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.rs<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.c<pre><code>[class]{binarySearchTree}-[func]{removeNode}\n</code></pre> binary_search_tree.zig<pre><code>[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u6709\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-22 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u5de6 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u6839 \\(\\rightarrow\\) \u53f3\u201d\u7684\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u6ee1\u8db3\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9 \\(&lt;\\) \u6839\u8282\u70b9 \\(&lt;\\) \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u65f6\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5347\u5e8f\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5229\u7528\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5347\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u4ec5\u9700 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-22 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5e8f\u5217 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#742","title":"7.4.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6548\u7387","text":"<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u8868 7-2 \uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u5404\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u9636\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u9ad8\u9891\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u4f4e\u9891\u67e5\u627e\u5220\u9664\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u6bd4\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 7-2 \u00a0 \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4 </p> \u65e0\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811 \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(1)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20 \\(O(n)\\) \\(O(\\log n)\\) <p>\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u662f\u201c\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(\\log n\\) \u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u5185\u67e5\u627e\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u56fe 7-23 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-23 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u9000\u5316 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/#743","title":"7.4.3 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528","text":"<ul> <li>\u7528\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u7ea7\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e9b\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u6d41\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u6709\u5e8f\u72b6\u6001\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/","title":"7.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u300c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 binary tree\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u7956\u5148\u4e0e\u540e\u4ee3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u201c\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\u201d\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u5143\u662f\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b\uff1a\u503c\u3001\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig <pre><code>class TreeNode:\n\"\"\"\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val                # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.left: TreeNode | None = None  # \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nself.right: TreeNode | None = None # \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nint val;          // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nTreeNode *left;   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nTreeNode *right;  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nTreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}\n};\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nTreeNode left;   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode right;  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nint val;          // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nTreeNode? left;   // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode? right;  // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\ntype TreeNode struct {\nVal   int\nLeft  *TreeNode\nRight *TreeNode\n}\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfunc NewTreeNode(v int) *TreeNode {\nreturn &amp;TreeNode{\nLeft:  nil, // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nRight: nil, // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nVal:   v,   // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nvar val: Int // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nvar left: TreeNode? // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nvar right: TreeNode? // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\ninit(x: Int) {\nval = x\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nval; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nleft; // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nright; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nconstructor(val, left, right) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val;\nthis.left = left === undefined ? null : left;\nthis.right = right === undefined ? null : right;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nval: number;\nleft: TreeNode | null;\nright: TreeNode | null;\nconstructor(val?: number, left?: TreeNode | null, right?: TreeNode | null) {\nthis.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nthis.left = left === undefined ? null : left; // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nthis.right = right === undefined ? null : right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b */\nclass TreeNode {\nint val;         // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nTreeNode? left;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode? right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nTreeNode(this.val, [this.left, this.right]);\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>use std::rc::Rc;\nuse std::cell::RefCell;\n/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nval: i32,                               // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nleft: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;,    // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\nright: Option&lt;Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;TreeNode&gt;&gt;&gt;,   // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\n}\nimpl TreeNode {\n/* \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 */\nfn new(val: i32) -&gt; Rc&lt;RefCell&lt;Self&gt;&gt; {\nRc::new(RefCell::new(Self {\nval,\nleft: None,\nright: None\n}))\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>/* \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 */\nstruct TreeNode {\nint val;                // \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nint height;             // \u8282\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\nstruct TreeNode *left;  // \u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\nstruct TreeNode *right; // \u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\n};\ntypedef struct TreeNode TreeNode;\n/* \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 */\nTreeNode *newTreeNode(int val) {\nTreeNode *node;\nnode = (TreeNode *)malloc(sizeof(TreeNode));\nnode-&gt;val = val;\nnode-&gt;height = 0;\nnode-&gt;left = NULL;\nnode-&gt;right = NULL;\nreturn node;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u300c\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9 left-child node\u300d\u548c\u300c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9 right-child node\u300d\uff0c\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u7236\u8282\u70b9 parent node\u300d\u3002\u5f53\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8282\u70b9\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6811\u79f0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 left subtree\u300d\uff0c\u540c\u7406\u53ef\u5f97\u300c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811 right subtree\u300d\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u975e\u7a7a\u5b50\u6811\u3002\u5982\u56fe 7-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u201c\u8282\u70b9 2\u201d\u89c6\u4e3a\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5206\u522b\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9 4\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8282\u70b9 5\u201d\uff0c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9 4 \u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8282\u70b9\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6811\u201d\uff0c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u662f\u201c\u8282\u70b9 5 \u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8282\u70b9\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6811\u201d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-1 \u00a0 \u7236\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5b50\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#711","title":"7.1.1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e38\u89c1\u672f\u8bed","text":"<p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed\u5982\u56fe 7-2 \u6240\u793a\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u300c\u6839\u8282\u70b9 root node\u300d\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9876\u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9 leaf node\u300d\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u5747\u6307\u5411 \\(\\text{None}\\) \u3002</li> <li>\u300c\u8fb9 edge\u300d\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7ebf\u6bb5\uff0c\u5373\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u5728\u7684\u300c\u5c42 level\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u9012\u589e\uff0c\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u5728\u5c42\u4e3a 1 \u3002</li> <li>\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u5ea6 degree\u300d\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ea6\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u662f 0\u30011\u30012 \u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6 height\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6700\u8fdc\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6 depth\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6 height\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u6700\u8fdc\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u672f\u8bed </p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u201c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u201d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u8d70\u8fc7\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u9898\u76ee\u6216\u6559\u6750\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u8d70\u8fc7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u52a0 1 \u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#712","title":"7.1.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c","text":""},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_tree.py<pre><code># \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nn1 = TreeNode(val=1)\nn2 = TreeNode(val=2)\nn3 = TreeNode(val=3)\nn4 = TreeNode(val=4)\nn5 = TreeNode(val=5)\n# \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2\nn1.right = n3\nn2.left = n4\nn2.right = n5\n</code></pre> binary_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode* n1 = new TreeNode(1);\nTreeNode* n2 = new TreeNode(2);\nTreeNode* n3 = new TreeNode(3);\nTreeNode* n4 = new TreeNode(4);\nTreeNode* n5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1-&gt;left = n2;\nn1-&gt;right = n3;\nn2-&gt;left = n4;\nn2-&gt;right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.java<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode n1 = new TreeNode(1);\nTreeNode n2 = new TreeNode(2);\nTreeNode n3 = new TreeNode(3);\nTreeNode n4 = new TreeNode(4);\nTreeNode n5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode n1 = new TreeNode(1);\nTreeNode n2 = new TreeNode(2);\nTreeNode n3 = new TreeNode(3);\nTreeNode n4 = new TreeNode(4);\nTreeNode n5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nn1 := NewTreeNode(1)\nn2 := NewTreeNode(2)\nn3 := NewTreeNode(3)\nn4 := NewTreeNode(4)\nn5 := NewTreeNode(5)\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.Left = n2\nn1.Right = n3\nn2.Left = n4\nn2.Right = n5\n</code></pre> binary_tree.swift<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nlet n1 = TreeNode(x: 1)\nlet n2 = TreeNode(x: 2)\nlet n3 = TreeNode(x: 3)\nlet n4 = TreeNode(x: 4)\nlet n5 = TreeNode(x: 5)\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2\nn1.right = n3\nn2.left = n4\nn2.right = n5\n</code></pre> binary_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nlet n1 = new TreeNode(1),\nn2 = new TreeNode(2),\nn3 = new TreeNode(3),\nn4 = new TreeNode(4),\nn5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nlet n1 = new TreeNode(1),\nn2 = new TreeNode(2),\nn3 = new TreeNode(3),\nn4 = new TreeNode(4),\nn5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode n1 = new TreeNode(1);\nTreeNode n2 = new TreeNode(2);\nTreeNode n3 = new TreeNode(3);\nTreeNode n4 = new TreeNode(4);\nTreeNode n5 = new TreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.left = n2;\nn1.right = n3;\nn2.left = n4;\nn2.right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.rs<pre><code>// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nlet n1 = TreeNode::new(1);\nlet n2 = TreeNode::new(2);\nlet n3 = TreeNode::new(3);\nlet n4 = TreeNode::new(4);\nlet n5 = TreeNode::new(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1.borrow_mut().left = Some(n2.clone());\nn1.borrow_mut().right = Some(n3);\nn2.borrow_mut().left = Some(n4);\nn2.borrow_mut().right = Some(n5);\n</code></pre> binary_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 */\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\nTreeNode *n1 = newTreeNode(1);\nTreeNode *n2 = newTreeNode(2);\nTreeNode *n3 = newTreeNode(3);\nTreeNode *n4 = newTreeNode(4);\nTreeNode *n5 = newTreeNode(5);\n// \u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\uff08\u5373\u6307\u9488\uff09\nn1-&gt;left = n2;\nn1-&gt;right = n3;\nn2-&gt;left = n4;\nn2-&gt;right = n5;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u9488\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u56fe 7-3 \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-3 \u00a0 \u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 </p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_tree.py<pre><code># \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\np = TreeNode(0)\n# \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = p\np.left = n2\n# \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2\n</code></pre> binary_tree.cpp<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode* P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1-&gt;left = P;\nP-&gt;left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1-&gt;left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.java<pre><code>TreeNode P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.cs<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.go<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\np := NewTreeNode(0)\nn1.Left = p\np.Left = n2\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.Left = n2\n</code></pre> binary_tree.swift<pre><code>let P = TreeNode(x: 0)\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P\nP.left = n2\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2\n</code></pre> binary_tree.js<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nlet P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.ts<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nconst P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.dart<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode P = new TreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = P;\nP.left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.rs<pre><code>let p = TreeNode::new(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1.borrow_mut().left = Some(p.clone());\np.borrow_mut().left = Some(n2.clone());\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 p\nn1.borrow_mut().left = Some(n2);\n</code></pre> binary_tree.c<pre><code>/* \u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 */\nTreeNode *P = newTreeNode(0);\n// \u5728 n1 -&gt; n2 \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1-&gt;left = P;\nP-&gt;left = n2;\n// \u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9 P\nn1-&gt;left = n2;\n</code></pre> binary_tree.zig<pre><code>\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u539f\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u6811\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u5957\u64cd\u4f5c\u914d\u5408\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#713","title":"7.1.3 \u00a0 \u5e38\u89c1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b\u578b","text":""},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u300c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 perfect binary tree\u300d\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1\u3002\u5728\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(0\\) \uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e3a \\(2\\) \uff1b\u82e5\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(h\\) \uff0c\u5219\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570\u4e3a \\(2^{h+1} - 1\\) \uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u73b0\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u300d\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-4 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 complete binary tree\u300d\u53ea\u6709\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u672a\u88ab\u586b\u6ee1\uff0c\u4e14\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u5c3d\u91cf\u9760\u5de6\u586b\u5145\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-5 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#3","title":"3. \u00a0 \u5b8c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u5b8c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 full binary tree\u300d\u9664\u4e86\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-6 \u00a0 \u5b8c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#4","title":"4. \u00a0 \u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 balanced binary tree\u300d\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5dee\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 1 \u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-7 \u00a0 \u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree/#714","title":"7.1.4 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9000\u5316","text":"<p>\u56fe 7-8 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u4e0e\u9000\u5316\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f53\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6bcf\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u586b\u6ee1\u65f6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u201c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201d\uff1b\u800c\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u504f\u5411\u4e00\u4fa7\u65f6\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u94fe\u8868\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u662f\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u201c\u5206\u6cbb\u201d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002</li> <li>\u94fe\u8868\u5219\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\uff0c\u5404\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u53d8\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9000\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-8 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u4e0e\u6700\u5dee\u7ed3\u6784 </p> <p>\u5982\u8868 7-1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u4f73\u548c\u6700\u5dee\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b49\u8fbe\u5230\u6781\u5927\u6216\u6781\u5c0f\u503c\u3002</p> <p> \u8868 7-1 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u4e0e\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5 </p> \u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 \u94fe\u8868 \u7b2c \\(i\\) \u5c42\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf \\(2^{i-1}\\) \\(1\\) \u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(h\\) \u6811\u7684\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf \\(2^h\\) \\(1\\) \u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(h\\) \u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570 \\(2^{h+1} - 1\\) \\(h + 1\\) \u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570 \\(n\\) \u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(\\log_2 (n+1) - 1\\) \\(n - 1\\)"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/","title":"7.2 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u9010\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u904d\u5386\u6811\u6bd4\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7b49\u3002</p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#721","title":"7.2.1 \u00a0 \u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u5982\u56fe 7-9 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 level-order traversal\u300d\u4ece\u9876\u90e8\u5230\u5e95\u90e8\u9010\u5c42\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u6309\u7167\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u300c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 breadth-first traversal\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4e00\u5708\u4e00\u5708\u5411\u5916\u6269\u5c55\u201d\u7684\u9010\u5c42\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-9 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u901a\u5e38\u501f\u52a9\u201c\u961f\u5217\u201d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u961f\u5217\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5219\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u9010\u5c42\u63a8\u8fdb\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_tree_bfs.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{level_order}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.java<pre><code>[class]{binary_tree_bfs}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.cs<pre><code>[class]{binary_tree_bfs}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{level_order}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_bfs.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{levelOrder}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#2","title":"2. \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \\(n\\) \u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1a\u5728\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u65f6\uff0c\u904d\u5386\u5230\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u6700\u591a\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728 \\((n + 1) / 2\\) \u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#722","title":"7.2.2 \u00a0 \u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386","text":"<p>\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u548c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386 depth-first traversal\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5148\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u518d\u56de\u6eaf\u7ee7\u7eed\u201d\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 7-10 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u7ed5\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5916\u56f4\u201c\u8d70\u201d\u4e00\u5708\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u3002</p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-10 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u524d\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#1_1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a</p> PythonC++JavaC#GoSwiftJSTSDartRustCZig binary_tree_dfs.py<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{pre_order}\n[class]{}-[func]{in_order}\n[class]{}-[func]{post_order}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.cpp<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.java<pre><code>[class]{binary_tree_dfs}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{binary_tree_dfs}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{binary_tree_dfs}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.cs<pre><code>[class]{binary_tree_dfs}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{binary_tree_dfs}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{binary_tree_dfs}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.go<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.swift<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.js<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.ts<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.dart<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.rs<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{pre_order}\n[class]{}-[func]{in_order}\n[class]{}-[func]{post_order}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.c<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> binary_tree_dfs.zig<pre><code>[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{inOrder}\n[class]{}-[func]{postOrder}\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002</p> <p>\u56fe 7-11 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u9012\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u9006\u5411\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <ol> <li>\u201c\u9012\u201d\u8868\u793a\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u201c\u5f52\u201d\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6bd5\u3002</li> </ol> &lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;&lt;3&gt;&lt;4&gt;&lt;5&gt;&lt;6&gt;&lt;7&gt;&lt;8&gt;&lt;9&gt;&lt;10&gt;&lt;11&gt; <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p> \u56fe 7-11 \u00a0 \u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b </p>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/#2_1","title":"2. \u00a0 \u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<ul> <li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 \\(O(n)\\) \uff1a\u5728\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u6df1\u5ea6\u8fbe\u5230 \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5360\u7528 \\(O(n)\\) \u6808\u5e27\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/summary/","title":"7.6 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3","text":""},{"location":"chapter_tree/summary/#1","title":"1. \u00a0 \u91cd\u70b9\u56de\u987e","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u201c\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\u201d\u7684\u5206\u6cbb\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5176\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6811\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5b50\u6811\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed\u5305\u62ec\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5c42\u3001\u5ea6\u3001\u8fb9\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u8282\u70b9\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u3001\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u548c\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u3002\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u662f\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u9000\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6700\u5dee\u72b6\u6001\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u548c\u7a7a\u4f4d\u6309\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6307\u9488\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u5c42\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u5708\u4e00\u5708\u5411\u5916\u201d\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u961f\u5217\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u524d\u5e8f\u3001\u4e2d\u5e8f\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7686\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u518d\u56de\u5934\u7ee7\u7eed\u201d\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</li> <li>\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5747\u4e3a \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u3002\u5f53\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u5404\u9879\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u52a3\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\) \u3002</li> <li>AVL \u6811\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u6811\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\u3002</li> <li>AVL \u6811\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u53f3\u65cb\u3001\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u53f3\u65cb\u518d\u5de6\u65cb\u3001\u5148\u5de6\u65cb\u518d\u53f3\u65cb\u3002\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0cAVL \u6811\u4f1a\u4ece\u5e95\u5411\u9876\u6267\u884c\u65cb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u6811\u91cd\u65b0\u6062\u590d\u5e73\u8861\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"chapter_tree/summary/#2-q-a","title":"2. \u00a0 Q &amp; A","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f \\(0\\) \u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u8d70\u8fc7\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u5957\u64cd\u4f5c\u914d\u5408\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u5957\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u91ca\u653e\u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u62ff\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u6765\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 DFS \u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u6709\u524d\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u540e\u4e09\u79cd\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>DFS \u7684\u524d\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u662f\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u904d\u5386\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7ed3\u70b9\u5927\u5c0f\u6ee1\u8db3 <code>\u5de6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c &lt; \u6839\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c &lt; \u53f3\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u503c</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u8981\u6309\u7167 <code>\u5de6-&gt;\u6839-&gt;\u53f3</code> \u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u904d\u5386\u6811\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <p>\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5904\u7406\u5931\u8861\u8282\u70b9 <code>node</code>\u3001<code>child</code>\u3001<code>grand_child</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u90a3 <code>node</code> \u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u548c <code>node</code> \u539f\u6765\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u5417\uff1f\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u5c82\u4e0d\u662f\u65ad\u6389\u4e86\uff1f</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c <code>right_rotate(root)</code> \u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8 <code>return child</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u65cb\u8f6c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5176\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5728\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u53f3\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u8303\u56f4\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 C++ \u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u5230 <code>private</code> \u548c <code>public</code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8003\u91cf\u5417\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5c06 <code>height()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u548c <code>updateHeight()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u5206\u522b\u653e\u5728 <code>public</code> \u548c <code>private</code> \u4e2d\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e3b\u8981\u770b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u5728\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a <code>private</code> \u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5355\u72ec\u8c03\u7528 <code>updateHeight()</code> \u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u800c <code>height()</code> \u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ed3\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e <code>vector.size()</code> \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210 <code>public</code> \u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u95ee\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u4e00\u7ec4\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff1f\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff1f</p> <p>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u6811\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684 <code>build_tree()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u4e2d\u70b9\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u518d\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6811\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u6bd4\u662f\u5426\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7528 <code>equals()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f</p> <p>\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<code>==</code> \u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>==</code> \uff1a\u7528\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> <li><code>equals()</code>\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5bf9\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7528 <code>equals()</code> \u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 <code>String a = \"hi\"; String b = \"hi\";</code> \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\u6c60\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>a == b</code> \u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p>\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5230\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u662f \\(2^h\\) \u5417\uff1f</p> <p>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9ad8\u5ea6 \\(h = 2\\) \u7684\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u5176\u8282\u70b9\u603b\u6570 \\(n = 7\\) \uff0c\u5219\u5e95\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf \\(4 = 2^h = (n + 1) / 2\\) \u3002</p>"}]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sitemap.xml b/sitemap.xml
index 7810db970..6ce4c2600 100644
--- a/sitemap.xml
+++ b/sitemap.xml
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-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_tree/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_tree/avl_tree/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_tree/binary_tree/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
     </url>
     <url>
          <loc>https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_tree/summary/</loc>
-         <lastmod>2023-10-03</lastmod>
+         <lastmod>2023-10-06</lastmod>
          <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
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 </urlset>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sitemap.xml.gz b/sitemap.xml.gz
index c512fed7a..7a7c66e98 100644
Binary files a/sitemap.xml.gz and b/sitemap.xml.gz differ
diff --git a/stylesheets/extra.css b/stylesheets/extra.css
index 0b99df253..0db2dc4ff 100644
--- a/stylesheets/extra.css
+++ b/stylesheets/extra.css
@@ -78,6 +78,10 @@
   font-weight: 500;
 }
 
+.md-typeset h5 {
+  text-transform: none;
+}
+
 /* Image align center */
 .center {
   display: block;